晋书--列传第四十五(wu)
王(wang)湛(zhan)(子(zi)承 承子(zi)述 述子(zi)坦之 祎之 坦之子(zi)恺愉(yu) 国宝 忱 愉(yu)子(zi)绥承族(zu)子(zi)峤 袁悦之 祖(zu)台之) 荀崧(子(zi)蕤(rui) 羡) 范汪(子(zi)宁 叔坚) 刘
惔 张凭 韩伯
王湛,字处冲,司徒浑(hun)之弟也。少有(you)(you)识度。身长(zhang)七(qi)尺八寸,龙(long)颡大(da)鼻,少言语。初有(you)(you)隐德(de),人莫能知(zhi),兄弟宗(zong)族皆以为(wei)痴,其父昶独(du)异焉(yan)。遭父丧(sang),居于(yu)墓次。服阕,阖门(men)守静,不交当世,冲素简(jian)淡,器量隤然(ran),有(you)(you)公辅之望。
兄子济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)轻(qing)之,所(suo)食(shi)方丈盈前,不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)及淇(qi)。湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)命取菜蔬(shu),对而食(shi)之。济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尝诣湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan),见(jian)床头有(you)(you)《周易》,问曰(yue)(yue):“叔(shu)父何用此(ci)为(wei)?”湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)曰(yue)(yue):“体中不(bu)(bu)佳时(shi),脱复看(kan)耳。”济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)请言之。湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)因剖(pou)析玄理,微妙有(you)(you)奇趣(qu),皆济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)所(suo)未闻(wen)也(ye)。济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)才气抗迈,于湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)略无(wu)(wu)子侄之敬(jing)。既(ji)(ji)闻(wen)其言,不(bu)(bu)觉栗(li)然,心形(xing)俱肃。遂(sui)留连弥日(ri)累夜,自(zi)视缺然,乃叹(tan)曰(yue)(yue):“家有(you)(you)名士(shi),三十年(nian)而不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi),济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之罪也(ye)。”既(ji)(ji)而辞(ci)去,湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)送至(zhi)门(men)。济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)从马(ma)(ma)绝难(nan)乘,济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)问湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)曰(yue)(yue):“叔(shu)颇(po)好骑(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)?”湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)曰(yue)(yue):“亦好之。”因骑(qi)(qi)此(ci)马(ma)(ma),姿容(rong)既(ji)(ji)妙,回策如(ru)萦,善骑(qi)(qi)者无(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)过之。又(you)济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)所(suo)乘马(ma)(ma),甚爱之,湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)曰(yue)(yue):“此(ci)马(ma)(ma)虽快,然力薄(bo)不(bu)(bu)堪(kan)苦行。近见(jian)督(du)邮马(ma)(ma)当胜,但(dan)刍秣(mo)不(bu)(bu)至(zhi)耳。”济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)试养之,而与己(ji)马(ma)(ma)等。湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)又(you)曰(yue)(yue):“此(ci)马(ma)(ma)任重方知(zhi)(zhi)之,平路(lu)无(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)别也(ye)。”于是(shi)当蚁封内(nei)试之,济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)马(ma)(ma)果(guo)踬,而督(du)邮马(ma)(ma)如(ru)常。济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)益叹(tan),还白(bai)其父,曰(yue)(yue):“济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)始得一叔(shu),乃济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)上人也(ye)。”武帝亦以(yi)(yi)湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)为(wei)痴,每见(jian)济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),辄调之曰(yue)(yue):“卿家痴叔(shu)死未?”济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)常无(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)答。及是(shi),帝又(you)问如(ru)初,济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue):“臣叔(shu)殊不(bu)(bu)痴。”因称其美(mei)。帝曰(yue)(yue):“谁(shei)比?”济(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)曰(yue)(yue):“山(shan)涛以(yi)(yi)下,魏舒(shu)以(yi)(yi)上。”时(shi)人谓湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)上方山(shan)涛不(bu)(bu)足,下比魏舒(shu)有(you)(you)余。湛(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)闻(wen)曰(yue)(yue):“欲处我于季孟(meng)之间乎?”
湛少(shao)仕历(li)秦王文学(xue)、太子(zi)洗马(ma)、尚书(shu)郎(lang)、太子(zi)中庶子(zi),出(chu)为汝南内史。元康(kang)五(wu)年卒,年四十七(qi)。子(zi)承嗣。
承(cheng)字(zi)安期。清虚(xu)寡欲,无所(suo)(suo)修尚。言理辩(bian)物(wu),但明其(qi)指(zhi)要而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)饰文辞(ci),有识者(zhe)(zhe)服其(qi)约而(er)能(neng)通。弱冠知(zhi)名。太(tai)尉(wei)王(wang)衍雅(ya)贵异之(zhi)(zhi),比南(nan)阳乐广焉。永宁初,为(wei)(wei)骠骑参(can)军(jun)。值天下将乱,乃(nai)避(bi)难南(nan)下。迁(qian)(qian)司空从(cong)事中郎。豫迎大驾(jia),赐爵蓝田县侯。迁(qian)(qian)尚书郎,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)就。东(dong)海(hai)王(wang)越(yue)镇许,以为(wei)(wei)记室参(can)军(jun)。雅(ya)相知(zhi)重,敕(chi)其(qi)子毗曰:“夫学之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)益者(zhe)(zhe)浅,体之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)安者(zhe)(zhe)深。闲习礼(li)度(du),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如式(shi)瞻仪形;讽味遗言,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)亲(qin)承(cheng)音(yin)旨。王(wang)参(can)军(jun)人伦之(zhi)(zhi)表,汝(ru)其(qi)师之(zhi)(zhi)。”在府数(shu)年(nian),见朝政(zheng)渐替,辞(ci)以母老,求出。越(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)许。久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi),迁(qian)(qian)东(dong)海(hai)太(tai)守,政(zheng)尚清净,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)细察。小吏(li)有盗池不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鱼者(zhe)(zhe),纲(gang)纪推之(zhi)(zhi),承(cheng)曰:“文王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)囿(you)与众(zhong)共之(zhi)(zhi),池鱼复(fu)何足惜耶!”有犯夜者(zhe)(zhe),为(wei)(wei)吏(li)所(suo)(suo)拘,承(cheng)问(wen)其(qi)故,答曰:“从(cong)师受(shou)书,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)觉日(ri)暮(mu)。”承(cheng)曰:“鞭挞(ta)宁越(yue)以立(li)威名,非政(zheng)化之(zhi)(zhi)本。”使吏(li)送(song),令归家(jia)。其(qi)从(cong)容宽恕(shu)若(ruo)此。
寻去官,东渡(du)江。是时道路梗涩,人怀危惧,承每遇艰(jian)险(xian),处之(zhi)夷然,虽家人近(jin)习,不(bu)见(jian)其(qi)忧(you)喜之(zhi)色(se)。既至下邳,登山(shan)北(bei)望,叹(tan)曰:“人言(yan)愁(chou),我始(shi)欲愁(chou)矣(yi)。”及(ji)至建(jian)鄴,为元帝镇东府从事中郎,甚见(jian)优礼(li)。承少有(you)重誉,而推诚接(jie)物,尽弘恕(shu)之(zhi)理,故(gu)众咸亲(qin)爱(ai)焉。渡(du)江名臣王导、卫玠、周顗(yi)、庾亮之(zhi)徒(tu)皆出其(qi)下,为中兴第(di)一。年四十(shi)六卒(zu),朝野(ye)痛惜(xi)之(zhi)。自昶至承,世(shi)有(you)高名,论(lun)者以为祖不(bu)及(ji)孙,孙不(bu)及(ji)父。子述嗣。
述字怀(huai)(huai)祖。少孤,事(shi)母(mu)以(yi)孝闻(wen)。安贫(pin)守约,不(bu)(bu)求(qiu)闻(wen)达。性(xing)沈(shen)静,每坐客驰(chi)辨,异(yi)端竞起(qi),而述处之(zhi)恬(tian)如(ru)也(ye)。少袭父爵(jue)。年三十,尚未知名,人(ren)或谓之(zhi)痴。司徒(tu)王导以(yi)门地辟为中(zhong)兵属。既见,无他(ta)言(yan)(yan),惟问以(yi)江东米(mi)价。述但(dan)(dan)张目不(bu)(bu)答。导曰:“王掾不(bu)(bu)痴,人(ren)何(he)言(yan)(yan)痴也(ye)?”尝见导每发言(yan)(yan),一坐莫不(bu)(bu)赞美,述正(zheng)色(se)曰:“人(ren)非尧舜(shun),何(he)得(de)每事(shi)尽(jin)善!”导改(gai)容谢之(zhi),庾亮(liang)曰:“怀(huai)(huai)祖清贞简贵(gui),不(bu)(bu)减祖、父,但(dan)(dan)旷淡(dan)微不(bu)(bu)及(ji)耳。”
康帝为骠(piao)骑将军,召补功(gong)曹,出为宛陵令(ling)。太尉(wei)、司空(kong)频辟,又(you)除尚书(shu)吏(li)部郎,并不(bu)行(xing)。历庾冰(bing)征(zheng)虏长史。时庾翼镇武昌,以累有妖怪,又(you)猛兽入府,欲移镇避之。述与(yu)冰(bing)笺曰(yue):
窃(qie)闻安西欲(yu)移(yi)镇乐乡,不(bu)审此(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)算(suan)邪(xie),将(jiang)为(wei)(wei)情邪(xie)?若谓为(wei)(wei)算(suan),则彼去武昌(chang)千(qian)有余里,数万之(zhi)(zhi)众造创移(yi)徒,方(fang)当(dang)兴立城壁,公(gong)私劳扰(rao)。若信要害之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di),所(suo)宜(yi)进据,犹当(dang)计(ji)移(yi)徙之(zhi)(zhi)烦,权二者轻重,况(kuang)此(ci)(ci)非今日之(zhi)(zhi)要邪(xie)!方(fang)今强(qiang)胡(hu)陆梁,当(dang)畜力(li)养锐(rui),而(er)无故迁动,自取非算(suan)。又(you)江(jiang)(jiang)州(zhou)当(dang)溯(su)流数千(qian),供继军府(fu),力(li)役增倍,疲(pi)曳道(dao)路。且武昌(chang)实是(shi)江(jiang)(jiang)东(dong)镇戍(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)中,非但捍(han)御上流而(er)已(yi)。急缓(huan)赴告,骏奔不(bu)难。若移(yi)乐乡,远在西陲,一朝(chao)江(jiang)(jiang)渚有虞,不(bu)相(xiang)接救。方(fang)岳(yue)取重将(jiang),故当(dang)居要害之(zhi)(zhi)地(di)(di),为(wei)(wei)内(nei)外形势(shi)。使窥窬之(zhi)(zhi)心不(bu)知(zhi)所(suo)向。若是(shi)情邪(xie),则天道(dao)玄远,鬼(gui)神难言,妖(yao)祥吉凶,谁(shei)知(zhi)其故!是(shi)以达人君(jun)子直道(dao)而(er)行(xing),不(bu)以情失(shi)。昔秦忌:“亡(wang)胡(hu)”之(zhi)(zhi)谶(chen),卒为(wei)(wei)刘项之(zhi)(zhi)资;周恶檿弧(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)谣,而(er)成褒姒之(zhi)(zhi)乱。此(ci)(ci)既然(ran)矣。历观古今,鉴其遗事,妖(yao)异速祸败者,盖不(bu)少(shao)矣,禳避(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),苟非所(suo)审,且当(dang)择人事之(zhi)(zhi)胜理,思社稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)长计(ji),斯则天下幸(xing)甚,令名(ming)可保矣。
若安(an)西盛意已耳(er),不能安(an)于(yu)武昌,但得近移(yi)夏口(kou),则(ze)其(qi)次(ci)也。乐乡之举(ju),咸谓不可。愿将军体(ti)国为家,固(gu)审此举(ju)。
时朝议亦不允(yun),翼遂不移镇。
述(shu)(shu)出补(bu)临海太守(shou),迁建威(wei)将(jiang)军、会稽内(nei)史(shi)(shi)。莅(li)政清(qing)肃,终(zhong)日无事(shi)。母(mu)忧(you)去职。服(fu)阕,代殷浩(hao)为扬州(zhou)刺(ci)(ci)史(shi)(shi),加(jia)征虏将(jiang)军。初(chu)至,主簿(bu)请讳。报曰:“亡祖先(xian)君,名(ming)播海内(nei),远近所(suo)(suo)(suo)知(zhi);内(nei)讳不出门,余无所(suo)(suo)(suo)讳。”寻加(jia)中书监(jian),固让(rang)(rang),经年不拜。复加(jia)征虏将(jiang)军,进都督扬州(zhou)徐州(zhou)之(zhi)琅邪诸(zhu)军事(shi)、卫将(jiang)军、并冀幽(you)平四州(zhou)大中正(zheng),刺(ci)(ci)史(shi)(shi)如故。寻迁散骑常侍(shi)、尚书令,将(jiang)军如故。述(shu)(shu)每受职,不为虚让(rang)(rang),其有所(suo)(suo)(suo)辞,必(bi)于不受。至是,子坦(tan)之(zhi)谏,以为故事(shi)应让(rang)(rang)。述(shu)(shu)曰:“汝(ru)(ru)谓我不堪(kan)邪?”坦(tan)之(zhi)曰:“非也(ye)。但克让(rang)(rang)自美(mei)事(shi)耳。”述(shu)(shu)曰:“既(ji)云堪(kan),何为复让(rang)(rang)!人(ren)言(yan)汝(ru)(ru)胜我,定不及(ji)也(ye)。”坦(tan)之(zhi)为桓温(wen)长(zhang)史(shi)(shi)。温(wen)欲为子求婚于坦(tan)之(zhi)。及(ji)还家省父,而述(shu)(shu)爱(ai)坦(tan)之(zhi)。虽(sui)长(zhang)大,犹抱(bao)置膝上(shang)。坦(tan)之(zhi)因言(yan)温(wen)意。述(shu)(shu)大怒(nu),遽排下,曰:“汝(ru)(ru)竟痴邪!讵可(ke)畏温(wen)面而以女妻兵(bing)也(ye)。”坦(tan)之(zhi)乃辞以他(ta)故。温(wen)曰:“此(ci)尊君不肯耳。”遂止。简文(wen)帝每言(yan)述(shu)(shu)才既(ji)不长(zhang),直以真率便敌人(ren)耳。谢安亦叹美(mei)之(zhi)。
初(chu),述(shu)(shu)家贫(pin)。求(qiu)试宛陵(ling)令(ling)。颇受赠遗。而修家具,为州司(si)所(suo)检(jian),有(you)一(yi)千三百条。王(wang)导使(shi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“名父之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)不患无(wu)禄(lu),屈临小县,甚不宜(yi)耳。”述(shu)(shu)答曰:“足自(zi)当止。时(shi)人(ren)未之(zhi)(zhi)达也(ye)。”比(bi)后屡居州郡,清洁绝伦,禄(lu)赐(ci)皆散(san)之(zhi)(zhi)亲故,宅宇(yu)旧物不革于昔,始(shi)(shi)为当时(shi)所(suo)叹。但(dan)性急为累。尝食鸡子(zi),以(yi)(yi)箸刺(ci)之(zhi)(zhi),不得,便大怒掷地(di)。鸡子(zi)圆(yuan)转不止,便下床以(yi)(yi)屐齿踏之(zhi)(zhi),又不得。瞋甚,掇内口中,啮(nie)破而吐之(zhi)(zhi)。既跻重(zhong)位,每以(yi)(yi)柔克为用。谢(xie)奕性粗,尝忿述(shu)(shu),极言骂之(zhi)(zhi)。述(shu)(shu)无(wu)所(suo)应,面(mian)壁而已,居半日,奕去,始(shi)(shi)复坐。人(ren)以(yi)(yi)此(ci)称之(zhi)(zhi)。
太和二年,以(yi)年迫悬(xuan)车,上疏乞骸骨,曰:“臣曾祖父魏司空昶白(bai)笺于文皇帝(di)曰:‘昔与南阳宗世林共为(wei)(wei)东宫官属。世林少得好(hao)名,州里瞻敬。及其年老,汲汲自励,恐(kong)见废弃,时人(ren)咸共笑之(zhi)(zhi)。若天假其寿,致仕之(zhi)(zhi)年,不(bu)为(wei)(wei)此公婆娑(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)事。’情旨慷慨,深所鄙薄(bo)。虽是笺书,乃实训诫(jie)。臣忝(tian)端右,而以(yi)疾患(huan),礼敬废替。犹谓可有差理,日复一日,而年衰疾痼,永(yong)无复瞻华(hua)幄之(zhi)(zhi)期。乞奉先诫(jie),归(gui)老丘园。”不(bu)许。述竟(jing)不(bu)起。三年卒(zu),时年六(liu)十六(liu)。
初,桓温平(ping)洛(luo)阳(yang),议(yi)欲(yu)迁都,朝廷(ting)忧惧(ju),将(jiang)遣侍(shi)中止之。述曰(yue):“温欲(yu)以(yi)虚声威朝廷(ting),非事实也(ye)。但从之,自无(wu)所至。”事果不(bu)(bu)行(xing)。又(you)议(yi)欲(yu)移(yi)洛(luo)阳(yang)钟(zhong)虡,述曰(yue):“永嘉不(bu)(bu)竞,暂(zan)都江(jiang)左。方当荡平(ping)区宇,旋轸旧京。若其不(bu)(bu)耳,宜改(gai)迁园陵。不(bu)(bu)应先事钟(zhong)虡。”温竟无(wu)以(yi)夺之。追(zhui)赠侍(shi)中、骠骑将(jiang)军、开府,谥(shi)曰(yue)穆,以(yi)避(bi)穆帝,改(gai)曰(yue)简。子坦(tan)之嗣。
坦之(zhi)字文(wen)度(du)。弱冠与郗超俱(ju)有(you)重名,时人(ren)为之(zhi)语曰(yue):“盛德绝伦郗嘉宾,江东独步王文(wen)度(du)。”嘉宾,超小字也。仆射(she)江[A170]领选,将拟为尚书郎(lang)。坦之(zhi)闻曰(yue):“自(zi)(zi)过江来,尚书郎(lang)正用第二(er)人(ren),何得(de)以(yi)(yi)此(ci)见拟!”[A170]遂止(zhi)。简文(wen)帝为抚军将军,辟为掾。累迁参军、从事中(zhong)郎(lang),仍(reng)为司(si)(si)马,加(jia)散骑常侍。出为大司(si)(si)马桓温长史。寻以(yi)(yi)父(fu)忧(you)去职,服(fu)阕。征拜侍中(zhong),袭父(fu)爵(jue)。时卒士韩怅(chang)逃之(zhi)归首,云“失牛(niu)故(gu)叛。”有(you)司(si)(si)劾怅(chang)偷牛(niu),考掠服(fu)罪(zui)(zui)。坦之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)为怅(chang)束(shu)身自(zi)(zi)归,而法(fa)外加(jia)罪(zui)(zui),懈怠失牛(niu),事或可恕(shu),加(jia)之(zhi)木石,理(li)有(you)自(zi)(zi)诬,宜(yi)附罪(zui)(zui)疑从轻之(zhi)例,遂以(yi)(yi)见原。海西公(gong)废,领左卫将军。
坦(tan)之有风格,尤(you)非时俗放荡(dang),不敦儒(ru)教,颇尚刑名学,著《废庄论》曰:
荀(xun)卿称庄子(zi)“蔽于天而(er)不(bu)知人(ren)”,扬(yang)雄亦曰“庄周放荡而(er)不(bu)法”,何晏云(yun)“鬻庄躯(qu),放玄(xuan)虚,而(er)不(bu)周乎(hu)时变”。三贤之(zhi)言(yan),远(yuan)(yuan)有当乎(hu)!夫独构之(zhi)唱(chang),唱(chang)虚而(er)莫和;无感之(zhi)作,义偏而(er)用寡。动人(ren)由于兼忘(wang),应物在乎(hu)无心。孔父非(fei)不(bu)体(ti)远(yuan)(yuan),以体(ti)远(yuan)(yuan)故(gu)用近;颜子(zi)岂不(bu)具德,以德备故(gu)膺(ying)教。胡(hu)为其然哉?不(bu)获(huo)已而(er)然也。
夫自(zi)足(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)寡(gua),故理悬于羲农;徇(xun)教者(zhe)(zhe)众,故义申于三代(dai)。道心(xin)惟微,人(ren)(ren)(ren)心(xin)惟危(wei),吹万不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong),孰知(zhi)正是!虽首阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,三黜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)智,摩顶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甘,落毛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爱,枯(ku)槁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng),负石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si),格诸中庸,未(wei)入乎道,而(er)况下(xia)斯者(zhe)(zhe)乎!先(xian)王(wang)知(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难肆,惧(ju)违行以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致讼,悼司彻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贻悔(hui),审褫带之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所缘,故陶铸群生(sheng)(sheng),谋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)兆,每摄(she)其契,而(er)为(wei)(wei)节焉。使夫敦礼(li)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)崇化,日(ri)用以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成俗(su),诚存而(er)邪忘,利(li)损而(er)竞息,成功遂事,百(bai)姓皆(jie)曰我(wo)(wo)自(zi)然。盖善(shan)暗者(zhe)(zhe)无怪(guai),故所遇而(er)无滞,执道以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)离俗(su),孰逾于不(bu)(bu)(bu)达!语道而(er)失其为(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe),非其道也(ye)(ye)(ye);辩德(de)而(er)有其位者(zhe)(zhe),非其德(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)默所未(wei)究,况扬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)风(feng)乎!且即濠以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)寻鱼,想彼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)我(wo)(wo)同(tong)(tong);推显以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)求(qiu)隐,理得而(er)情昧。若夫庄(zhuang)生(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe),望大庭而(er)抚契,仰弥高于不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu),寄(ji)积想于三篇,恨我(wo)(wo)怀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)尽,其言(yan)诡(gui)谲,其义恢诞。君子内应。从我(wo)(wo)游(you)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,众人(ren)(ren)(ren)因藉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)弊薄(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)资。然则天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)少,不(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)多,庄(zhuang)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利(li)天下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)少,害(hai)天下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)多。故曰鲁(lu)酒薄(bo)而(er)邯郸围(wei),庄(zhuang)生(sheng)(sheng)作而(er)风(feng)俗(su)颓。礼(li)与浮云俱征,伪与利(li)荡并肆,人(ren)(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)克己为(wei)(wei)耻(chi),士以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)无措(cuo)为(wei)(wei)通,时无履德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誉,俗(su)有蹈义之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愆。骤语赏(shang)罚不(bu)(bu)(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)造次,屡称无为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可与适变。虽可用于天下(xia),不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用天下(xia)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。
昔汉阴丈人(ren)修浑沌之(zhi)(zhi)术,孔子以为(wei)识(shi)其(qi)一(yi)不识(shi)其(qi)二。庄生之(zhi)(zhi)道,无乃类乎!与夫如愚之(zhi)(zhi)契,何殊(shu)间哉!若夫利而(er)(er)不害,天之(zhi)(zhi)道也;为(wei)而(er)(er)不争,圣之(zhi)(zhi)德也。群(qun)方所资而(er)(er)莫(mo)知谁氏,在儒而(er)(er)非儒,非道而(er)(er)有道。弥贯(guan)九(jiu)流,玄同(tong)彼(bi)我,万(wan)物(wu)用之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)不既,亹癖日新而(er)(er)不朽,昔吾孔老固已言之(zhi)(zhi)矣。
又领本州(zhou)大中正。简(jian)文帝(di)临崩(beng),诏(zhao)大司马温依周公居(ju)摄故事。坦之(zhi)自持(chi)诏(zhao)入,于帝(di)前(qian)毁之(zhi)。帝(di)曰(yue):“天下,傥来之(zhi)运,卿何(he)所(suo)嫌!”坦之(zhi)曰(yue):“天下,宣(xuan)元之(zhi)天下,陛下何(he)得专之(zhi)!”帝(di)乃(nai)使坦之(zhi)改诏(zhao)焉(yan)。
温薨(hong),坦之与谢安共辅幼主,迁中书令(ling),领丹阳尹。俄授都督徐兗(yan)青三州诸军事(shi)、北中郎将、徐兗(yan)二(er)州刺史,镇广陵。将之镇,上表曰:
臣闻(wen)人君(jun)之道(dao)以孝敬为(wei)本(ben),临御四海以委任为(wei)贵。恭顺无(wu)为(wei),则(ze)盛德日新;亲(qin)杖贤能(neng),则(ze)政道(dao)邕睦。昔周(zhou)成、汉昭,并以幼(you)年纂(zuan)承大统。当时天下(xia)未(wei)为(wei)无(wu)难(nan),终能(neng)显(xian)扬(yang)祖考(kao),保安(an)社(she)稷,盖尊尊亲(qin)亲(qin),信纳(na)大臣之所致也(ye)。
伏维陛(bi)下诞奇秀(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姿,禀(bing)生知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量,春秋尚富,涉道未广,方(fang)须训导(dao)以成(cheng)天(tian)德(de)。皇太后仁(ren)淑(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体,过于(yu)三母,先(xian)帝(di)奉事(shi)积(ji)年,每称圣明(ming)。臣愿(yuan)奉事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),便当自(zi)同孝宗;太后慈爱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆(long),亦不(bu)必异所(suo)生。琅(lang)邪王、余姚(yao)主及诸皇女,宜朝夕(xi)定省,承受教诲,导(dao)习仪刑(xing),以成(cheng)景仰恭敬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,不(bu)可(ke)以属非至(zhi)亲,自(zi)为(wei)疏疑(yi)。昔肃祖(zu)崩殂(cu),成(cheng)康幼冲,事(shi)无大小,必谘丞相导(dao),所(suo)以克就圣德(de),实此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由,今仆射(she)臣安、中军臣冲,人望具瞻(zhan),社稷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣。且受遇先(xian)帝(di),绸(chou)缪缱绻,并志竭忠贞,尽心(xin)尽力(li),归诚陛(bi)下,以报(bao)先(xian)帝(di)。愚谓周(zhou)旋举(ju)动。皆(jie)应谘此二(er)臣。二(er)臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)陛(bi)下,则周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旦奭,汉(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)霍光,显宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)王导(dao)。冲虽(sui)在外,路不(bu)云远,事(shi)容(rong)信(xin)宿(su),必宜参详(xiang),然后情听(ting)获尽,庶(shu)事(shi)可(ke)毕。
又天听(ting)虽(sui)聪,不(bu)(bu)启(qi)不(bu)(bu)广(guang);群(qun)情(qing)虽(sui)忠,不(bu)(bu)引不(bu)(bu)尽。宜数引侍臣,询求谠言。平易之(zhi)(zhi)世,有道之(zhi)(zhi)主犹尚诫惧,日昃(ze)不(bu)(bu)倦;况今艰难(nan)理(li)尽,虑经(jing)安危,祖宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)基系(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)陛下,不(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)精心(xin)务道,以申先帝尧舜之(zhi)(zhi)风。可不(bu)(bu)敬(jing)修至德,以保宣元天地之(zhi)(zhi)祚?
表奏,帝纳之。
初,谢(xie)安爱(ai)好声律(lv),期功之(zhi)惨,示(shi)废妓乐(le)颇,以(yi)(yi)成俗(su)。坦之(zhi)非(fei)而(er)苦(ku)谏之(zhi)。安遗坦之(zhi)书曰(yue):“知君(jun)思相爱(ai)惜(xi)之(zhi)至。仆(pu)所(suo)(suo)求者声,谓(wei)(wei)称(cheng)情义,无所(suo)(suo)不可为(wei)(wei),卿复以(yi)(yi)自娱耳。若絜轨迹,崇世教(jiao),非(fei)所(suo)(suo)拟(ni)议,亦非(fei)所(suo)(suo)屑。常谓(wei)(wei)君(jun)粗(cu)得(de)鄙趣者,犹未(wei)悟之(zhi)濠(hao)上(shang)邪!故知莫(mo)逆,未(wei)易(yi)为(wei)(wei)人。”坦之(zhi)答曰(yue):“具(ju)君(jun)雅旨,此是诚(cheng)心(xin)而(er)行,独(du)往(wang)之(zhi)美,然(ran)恐(kong)非(fei)大(da)雅中庸之(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)。意者以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)人之(zhi)体韵犹器之(zhi)方圆,方圆不可错(cuo)用,体韵岂可易(yi)处!各顺其方,以(yi)(yi)弘其业,则岁(sui)寒之(zhi)功必有成矣。实吾子少(shao)立(li)德行,体议淹(yan)允,加以(yi)(yi)令(ling)地(di),优游自居,佥曰(yue)之(zhi)谈,咸(xian)以(yi)(yi)请远相许,至于(yu)此事,实有疑焉。公私二三(san),莫(mo)见其可。以(yi)(yi)此为(wei)(wei)濠(hao)上(shang),悟之(zhi)者得(de)无鲜(xian)乎(hu)(hu)!且天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)宝(bao),故为(wei)(wei)天(tian)下(xia)所(suo)(suo)惜(xi),天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)非(fei),何为(wei)(wei)不可以(yi)(yi)天(tian)下(xia)为(wei)(wei)心(xin)乎(hu)(hu)?想君(jun)幸(xing)复三(san)思。”书往(wang)反数四,安竟不从。
坦之又尝与殷康子书论(lun)公谦之义曰:
夫(fu)天(tian)道以无私成(cheng)名(ming)(ming),二(er)仪以至公立(li)德(de)。立(li)德(de)存乎至公,故(gu)无亲而(er)非理;成(cheng)名(ming)(ming)在乎无私,故(gu)在当而(er)忘我。此天(tian)地所以成(cheng)功(gong),圣(sheng)人所以济化,由(you)斯论之,公道体于自然,故(gu)理泰而(er)愈降;谦义生于不足,故(gu)时弊而(er)义著。故(gu)大禹、咎(jiu)繇称(cheng)功(gong)言惠而(er)成(cheng)名(ming)(ming)于彼(bi),孟反(fan)、范燮殿军后入(ru)而(er)全身(shen)于此。从此观(guan)之,则谦公之义固以殊矣。
夫物之(zhi)所美,己不可(ke)(ke)收(shou);人之(zhi)所贵(gui),我(wo)不可(ke)(ke)取(qu)。诚患(huan)人恶(e)其上,众不可(ke)(ke)盖,故(gu)君子居之(zhi),而(er)每加损焉(yan)。隆名在(zai)于(yu)矫伐,而(er)不在(zai)于(yu)期(qi)当,匿(ni)迹在(zai)于(yu)违(wei)显,而(er)不在(zai)于(yu)求是(shi)。于(yu)是(shi)谦光之(zhi)义与(yu)矜竞而(er)俱生(sheng),卑挹(yi)之(zhi)义与(yu)夸(kua)伐而(er)并进。由亲誉生(sheng)于(yu)不足,未(wei)若(ruo)不知(zhi)之(zhi)有余;良药效于(yu)瘳疾(ji),未(wei)若(ruo)无(wu)病之(zhi)为贵(gui)也(ye)。
夫乾(qian)道(dao)确然(ran),示(shi)人(ren)易矣;坤(kun)道(dao)贵然(ran),示(shi)人(ren)简(jian)矣。二象显于(yu)万物,两德(de)彰于(yu)群生,岂矫枉过直而(er)(er)失其(qi)(qi)所哉!由此观之,则大通(tong)之道(dao)公(gong)坦(tan)于(yu)天地,谦伐之议险崨(jie)于(yu)人(ren)事。今存公(gong)而(er)(er)废谦,则自伐者托至(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)以生嫌(xian),自美(mei)者因存党以致(zhi)惑。此王(wang)生所谓同貌而(er)(er)实异,不(bu)可(ke)不(bu)察者也,然(ran)理必有(you)根(gen),教亦有(you)主。苟探其(qi)(qi)根(gen),则玄指自显;若寻其(qi)(qi)末,弊无不(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)。岂可(ke)以嫌(xian)似而(er)(er)疑至(zhi)(zhi)公(gong),弊贪而(er)(er)忘于(yu)谅哉!
康子及袁宏并有疑难,坦之(zhi)标章擿句,一一申而释之(zhi),莫不厌(yan)服。又孔严著(zhu)《通葛论》,坦之(zhi)与书赞美之(zhi)。其忠公慷慨(kai),标明贤(xian)胜,皆(jie)此类也。
初,坦之(zhi)与沙门竺法师甚厚,每共论幽明报(bao)应。便要先死者(zhe)当报(bao)其事。后经年,师忽来云:“贫道已死,罪福皆(jie)不(bu)虚。惟当勤修道德,以(yi)升济(ji)神明耳。”言讫不(bu)见。坦之(zhi)寻亦卒(zu),时年四十六。临终,与谢(xie)安、桓(huan)冲书,言不(bu)及私,惟忧国(guo)家之(zhi)事,朝野甚痛惜之(zhi)。追赠安北将军,谥曰献(xian)。
祎之字文邵(shao)。少知(zhi)名,尚寻阳公主,历中书侍郎。年未三(san)十而卒,赠散骑常侍。
坦之(zhi)四子(zi):恺、愉、国宝、忱。
恺字茂仁,愉字茂和,并少(shao)践清阶。恺袭父(fu)爵,愉稍(shao)迁骠(piao)骑司马,加辅国将(jiang)军(jun)。恺太元末为侍(shi)中,领右卫将(jiang)军(jun),多所献替(ti)。兄弟贵盛,当时莫比(bi)。
及(ji)(ji)王恭等讨国宝(bao)(bao),恺(kai)(kai)、愉(yu)并请解职。以与国宝(bao)(bao)异生,又素不协,故得免祸。国宝(bao)(bao)既(ji)死,出(chu)恺(kai)(kai)为吴郡内史(shi),愉(yu)为江州刺史(shi)、都督豫州四郡、辅国将(jiang)军、假节。未几,征恺(kai)(kai)为丹阳(yang)尹。及(ji)(ji)桓玄(xuan)等至(zhi)江宁,恺(kai)(kai)令兵守石(shi)头。俄而(er)玄(xuan)等走,复为吴郡。病(bing)卒,追赠(zeng)太常(chang)。
愉(yu)至(zhi)镇,未几,殷仲堪、桓玄、杨佺期举兵应王恭,乘流奄至(zhi)。愉(yu)既无备,惶遽奔(ben)临川,为(wei)玄所得。玄盟于寻(xun)阳,以愉(yu)置坛所,愉(yu)甚耻之。及事(shi)解,除(chu)会稽(ji)内史(shi)。玄篡(cuan)位,以为(wei)尚书仆射。”刘裕(yu)义旗建,加(jia)前将军。愉(yu)既桓氏(shi)婿(xu),父子宠(chong)贵,又尝轻侮(wu)刘裕(yu),心不自安,潜结(jie)司州刺史(shi)温详,谋作乱,事(shi)泄,被诛,子孙十余人皆伏法。
国(guo)宝(bao)少(shao)无(wu)士操,不(bu)修廉隅。妇父谢安恶其倾(qing)侧,每抑(yi)而(er)不(bu)用(yong)。除(chu)尚书(shu)郎(lang)。国(guo)宝(bao)以中兴膏(gao)腴之族,惟作吏部(bu),不(bu)为(wei)余曹郎(lang),甚(shen)怨望,固辞不(bu)拜。从妹为(wei)会(hui)稽王道(dao)(dao)子妃,由是与道(dao)(dao)子游处,遂间(jian)毁(hui)安焉。
及道(dao)子(zi)(zi)辅政,以(yi)为(wei)秘书(shu)丞。俄迁(qian)琅邪(xie)内史,领(ling)(ling)堂(tang)邑太(tai)守,加(jia)辅国(guo)(guo)(guo)将军。人补侍中(zhong),迁(qian)中(zhong)书(shu)令、中(zhong)领(ling)(ling)军,与道(dao)子(zi)(zi)持威(wei)权,扇动(dong)内外。中(zhong)书(shu)郎(lang)范(fan)宁(ning),国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝舅也,儒雅方直,疾其阿谀,劝孝武帝黜之(zhi)(zhi)。国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝乃使陈郡袁悦(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)因尼支妙音致书(shu)与太(tai)子(zi)(zi)母陈淑媛,说国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝忠(zhong)谨,宜(yi)见亲(qin)信。帝知之(zhi)(zhi),托以(yi)他罪(zui)杀悦(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)。国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝大(da)惧(ju),遂因道(dao)子(zi)(zi)谮(jian)毁(hui)宁(ning),宁(ning)由(you)是出为(wei)豫章太(tai)守。及弟忱卒,国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝自(zi)表求(qiu)解(jie)职(zhi)迎母。并奔忱丧。诏(zhao)特赐假,而(er)盘(pan)桓不(bu)时进发,为(wei)御(yu)史中(zhong)丞褚粲所奏(zou)。国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝惧(ju)罪(zui),衣女子(zi)(zi)衣,托为(wei)王家婢,诣道(dao)子(zi)(zi)告(gao)其事。道(dao)子(zi)(zi)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)帝,故得原。后(hou)骠(piao)骑参军王徽(hui)请(qing)国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝同宴,国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝素骄(jiao)贵使酒(jiu),怒(nu)尚书(shu)左丞祖(zu)台(tai)(tai)之(zhi)(zhi),攘袂大(da)呼,以(yi)盘(pan)盏乐(le)器掷(zhi)台(tai)(tai)之(zhi)(zhi),台(tai)(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)敢(gan)言(yan),复为(wei)粲所弹。诏(zhao)以(yi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝纵(zong)肆(si)情性,甚不(bu)可(ke)长,台(tai)(tai)之(zhi)(zhi)懦弱,非监(jian)司(si)体,并坐免官。顷之(zhi)(zhi),复职(zhi),愈(yu)骄(jiao)蹇不(bu)遵(zun)法度。起斋(zhai)侔清暑殿,帝恶其僭侈。国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝惧(ju),遂谄媚于(yu)帝,而(er)颇疏道(dao)子(zi)(zi)。道(dao)子(zi)(zi)大(da)怒(nu),尝于(yu)内省面责国(guo)(guo)(guo)宝,以(yi)剑掷(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi),旧好(hao)尽矣。
是时王(wang)雅(ya)亦有(you)宠(chong)(chong),荐(jian)王(wang)珣于帝。帝夜与国宝(bao)及雅(ya)宴,帝微有(you)酒(jiu),令召珣,将至,国宝(bao)自知才出珣下(xia),恐至,倾其宠(chong)(chong),因曰:“王(wang)珣当今名流,不可以酒(jiu)色(se)见。”帝遂止,而(er)(er)以国宝(bao)为(wei)忠。将纳国宝(bao)女(nv)为(wei)琅邪(xie)王(wang)妃(fei),未婚(hun),而(er)(er)帝崩。
安帝(di)即位(wei),国宝复事道子,进从祖(zu)弟绪(xu)为(wei)琅邪内史,亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)佞邪见知。道子复惑(huo)之(zhi),倚为(wei)心腹,并为(wei)时(shi)之(zhi)所疾(ji)。国宝遂参管朝(chao)权(quan),威(wei)震内外。迁尚书(shu)左仆射。领选,加后将军、丹阳(yang)尹,道子悉以(yi)(yi)东宫兵配之(zhi)。
时王(wang)恭(gong)(gong)与殷仲堪并以(yi)(yi)才(cai)器,各居名籓(fan)。恭(gong)(gong)恶(e)道子、国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)乱政,屡有忧国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)。道子等亦深忌(ji)惮之(zhi)(zhi),将谋去其(qi)(qi)兵(bing)。未(wei)及行(xing),而恭(gong)(gong)檄(xi)至(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)讨(tao)国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)为(wei)名,国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)惶遽不知所为(wei)。绪(xu)说国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao),令矫道子命,召王(wang)珣(xun)(xun)(xun)、车胤(yin)杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)除群望,因挟(xie)主相以(yi)(yi)讨(tao)诸侯。国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)许之(zhi)(zhi)。珣(xun)(xun)(xun)、胤(yin)既至(zhi)(zhi),而不敢害,反问(wen)计(ji)于珣(xun)(xun)(xun)。珣(xun)(xun)(xun)劝国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)放兵(bing)权(quan)以(yi)(yi)迎恭(gong)(gong),国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)信之(zhi)(zhi)。语在(zai)《珣(xun)(xun)(xun)传(chuan)》。又问(wen)计(ji)于胤(yin),胤(yin)曰:“南北(bei)同(tong)举,而荆州未(wei)至(zhi)(zhi),若朝廷遣军,恭(gong)(gong)必城守。昔桓公(gong)围(wei)寿阳,弥时乃克(ke)。若京城未(wei)拔,而上(shang)流奄(yan)至(zhi)(zhi),君将何(he)以(yi)(yi)待之(zhi)(zhi)?”国(guo)(guo)宝(bao)(bao)尤惧,遂(sui)上(shang)疏(shu)解(jie)职,诣阙待罪。既而悔(hui)之(zhi)(zhi),祚称诏(zhao)复(fu)其(qi)(qi)本官,欲收其(qi)(qi)兵(bing)距王(wang)恭(gong)(gong)。
道子既不(bu)能距诸(zhu)侯,欲委罪国宝(bao),乃遣谯王尚(shang)之收国宝(bao),付廷尉,赐(ci)死,并斩绪于(yu)市。以谢(xie)王恭。国宝(bao)贪纵(zong)聚(ju)敛,不(bu)知纪极(ji),后房伎妾以百数(shu),天下珍玩(wan)充满其(qi)室(shi)。及王恭伏法,诏追复国宝(bao)本(ben)官。元兴初,桓玄得志(zhi),表徙(xi)其(qi)家(jia)属(shu)于(yu)交州。
忱字元达。弱冠(guan)知名(ming),与王恭、王珣俱流誉(yu)一时。历位(wei)骠骑长史。尝造其(qi)舅(jiu)范(fan)宁,与张玄(xuan)(xuan)相遇(yu),宁使与玄(xuan)(xuan)语(yu)。玄(xuan)(xuan)正坐敛衽,待其(qi)有发,忱竟不(bu)与言,玄(xuan)(xuan)失望(wang)便(bian)去。宁让忱曰:“张玄(xuan)(xuan),吴中(zhong)之秀(xiu)(xiu),何不(bu)与语(yu)?”忱笑曰:“张祖(zu)希(xi)欲相识,自可(ke)见诣。”宁谓曰:“卿风流隽望(wang),真后来之秀(xiu)(xiu)。”忱曰:“不(bu)有此舅(jiu),焉有此甥!”既而宁使报(bao)玄(xuan)(xuan),玄(xuan)(xuan)束带造之,始为(wei)宾(bin)主。
太元中,出为(wei)荆州刺史、都督荆益宁三州军事、建武将军、假节。忱(chen)自恃才(cai)气,放酒诞(dan)节,慕王澄之(zhi)为(wei)人(ren),又年少(shao)居(ju)方伯之(zhi)任(ren),谈者忧之(zhi)。及(ji)镇(zhen)荆州,威风肃(su)然,殊得物和。桓玄时在江陵,既其本国。且奕叶故(gu)义,常以才(cai)雄(xiong)驾物。忱(chen)每裁抑之(zhi)。玄尝(chang)诣忱(chen),通人(ren)未(wei)出,乘(cheng)轝直进。忱(chen)对玄鞭门(men)干(gan),玄怒,去之(zhi),忱(chen)亦不留。尝(chang)朔日(ri)见客,仗卫(wei)甚盛(sheng),玄言欲猎,借数百人(ren),忱(chen)悉给之(zhi)。玄惮而服焉。
性任达不拘,末年尤嗜(shi)酒(jiu),一饮连月(yue)不醒(xing),或裸体而(er)游,每(mei)欢三日不叹,便觉形神不相亲。妇父(fu)尝有惨,忱(chen)乘醉吊之(zhi),妇父(fu)恸哭,忱(chen)与宾(bin)客十许人,连臂被发裸身(shen)而(er)入,绕之(zhi)三币百(bai)而(er)出。其所行多此类。数年卒官,追赠右将军,谥曰穆。
绥(sui)字彦猷。少(shao)有美称,厚(hou)自矜迈,实(shi)鄙而无行。愉(yu)为(wei)殷(yin)、桓(huan)所捕,绥(sui)未测存亡,在都有忧色,居处饮食,每(mei)事贬降,时(shi)人每(mei)谓为(wei)“试守孝子”。桓(huan)玄之为(wei)太尉,绥(sui)以桓(huan)氏甥甚见宠待(dai),为(wei)太尉右长(zhang)史。及玄篡,迁中书令。刘裕建义,以为(wei)冠(guan)军将军。其家夜中梁(liang)上无故有人头堕于床,而流血滂沲。俄拜荆州刺(ci)史、假(jia)节。坐父愉(yu)之谋,与弟纳(na)并(bing)被(bei)诛。
初,绥(sui)与王(wang)谧、桓胤(yin)齐名,为(wei)后进之秀(xiu)。谧位官(guan)既(ji)极,保身而(er)终。胤(yin)以(yi)从坐诛,声(sheng)称(cheng)(cheng)犹全。绥(sui)身死,名论殆尽,亦以(yi)薄(bo)行(xing)矜峭(qiao)而(er)尚人故(gu)也。自昶父汉雁门太守泽已有名称(cheng)(cheng),忱又秀(xiu)出,绥(sui)亦著(zhu)称(cheng)(cheng),八叶继轨(gui),轩冕(mian)莫与为(wei)比焉。
峤字开山(shan)。祖默,魏尚书(shu)。父佑,以(yi)才智称,为杨骏(jun)腹心。骏(jun)之排汝南王(wang)(wang)亮,退(tui)卫瓘(guan),皆(jie)佑之谋也。位至(zhi)北(bei)军中(zhong)(zhong)候。峤少有风尚,并、司二州交(jiao)辟,不(bu)(bu)就。永嘉末,携其二弟避(bi)乱(luan)渡江。时元(yuan)帝镇建鄴,教曰:“王(wang)(wang)佑三息始至(zhi),名德之胄,并有操行,宜蒙(meng)饰(shi)叙。且可给(ji)钱三十(shi)万,帛三百匹,米五十(shi)斛,亲兵(bing)二十(shi)人。”寻以(yi)峤参(can)世子东中(zhong)(zhong)郎军事(shi)。不(bu)(bu)就。愍帝征拜著作(zuo)郎,右丞相南阳王(wang)(wang)保辟,皆(jie)以(yi)道险不(bu)(bu)行。元(yuan)帝作(zuo)相,以(yi)为水曹(cao)属,除长山(shan)令(ling),迁(qian)太子中(zhong)(zhong)舍人以(yi)疾不(bu)(bu)拜。王(wang)(wang)敦请为参(can)军,爵九原(yuan)县(xian)公。
敦在石头(tou),欲(yu)禁(jin)私伐蔡洲荻,以(yi)问群下(xia)。时王师(shi)新败,士(shi)庶(shu)震惧(ju),莫敢异议(yi)。峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)独曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“中原(yuan)有菽,庶(shu)人采之(zhi)(zhi)。百姓不(bu)(bu)足,君孰(shu)与足!若禁(jin)人樵伐,未知(zhi)其可。”敦不(bu)(bu)悦。敦将杀周顗、戴(dai)若思,峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)于坐(zuo)谏(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“济(ji)济(ji)多士(shi),交王以(yi)宁。安可戮诸(zhu)名士(shi),以(yi)自全(quan)生!”敦大怒,欲(yu)斩峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),赖谢鲲以(yi)免(mian)。敦犹(you)衔之(zhi)(zhi),出为(wei)领军长(zhang)史(shi)。敦平后,除中书侍郎,兼大著作,固辞(ci)。转越(yue)骑校尉(wei),频迁吏部郎、御史(shi)中丞(cheng)、秘书监,领本(ben)州大中正。咸和初,朝议(yi)欲(yu)以(yi)峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)为(wei)丹阳尹。峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)京尹望重,不(bu)(bu)宜以(yi)疾居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi),求补庐陵郡,乃拜峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)庐陵太守。以(yi)峤(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)家贫,无以(yi)上道,赐布百匹(pi)。钱十万。寻卒(zu)官,谥曰(yue)(yue)(yue)穆。子(zi)淡嗣,历位右卫将军、侍中、中护军、尚(shang)书、广州刺史(shi)。淡子(zi)度世,骁骑将军。
袁悦之,字元礼,陈(chen)郡阳夏人(ren)也。父朗,给事中。悦之能长(zhang)短(duan)说(shuo),甚(shen)有(you)精理。始为(wei)谢玄(xuan)参军,为(wei)玄(xuan)所遇(yu),丁忧去(qu)职。服阕还(hai)都,止赍《战国策》,言(yan)天下要惟此书。后甚(shen)为(wei)会稽王道子所亲爱,每劝道子专览朝权(quan),道子颇纳其说(shuo)。俄而见诛。
祖台(tai)之,字元辰,范阳人也。官至侍中、光禄大夫。撰志怪,书(shu)行于世。
荀崧,字景猷,颍川(chuan)临颍人,魏太尉彧之(zhi)(zhi)玄(xuan)孙(sun)也。父頵,羽(yu)林(lin)右监(jian)、安陵乡(xiang)侯(hou),与王(wang)济(ji)、何劭为(wei)(wei)拜亲之(zhi)(zhi)友(you)。崧志操(cao)清纯(chun),雅(ya)好(hao)文(wen)学。龆龀(chen)时,族曾祖(zu)顗见(jian)而奇之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)为(wei)(wei)必兴頵门。弱冠,太原(yuan)王(wang)济(ji)甚相器(qi)重,以(yi)方其(qi)外(wai)祖(zu)陈郡袁侃,谓侃弟奥曰:“近(jin)见(jian)荀监(jian)子,清虚名(ming)理,当(dang)不及父,德性纯(chun)粹,是贤(xian)兄辈人也。”其(qi)为(wei)(wei)名(ming)流(liu)所赏如此。泰始(shi)中(zhong),诏(zhao)以(yi)崧代兄袭父爵,补濮阳王(wang)允文(wen)学。与王(wang)敦、顾荣、陆机等(deng)友(you)善,赵(zhao)王(wang)伦引为(wei)(wei)相国(guo)参军。伦篡(cuan),转护(hu)军司(si)马、给事(shi)中(zhong),稍(shao)迁(qian)尚书吏部郎(lang)、太弟中(zhong)庶子,累迁(qian)侍中(zhong)、中(zhong)护(hu)军。
王(wang)弥入洛(luo),崧与百官奔(ben)于密,未至而母亡。贼追将(jiang)(jiang)及,同旅散(san)走,崧被发(fa)从车(che),守(shou)(shou)丧号泣。贼至,弃(qi)其(qi)母尸于地,夺(duo)车(che)而去。崧被四创(chuang),气绝,至夜方苏。葬母于密山。服阕,族父籓承(cheng)制,以(yi)崧监(jian)江北军事、南中(zhong)郎(lang)将(jiang)(jiang)、后将(jiang)(jiang)军、假(jia)节(jie)、襄(xiang)城(cheng)太(tai)守(shou)(shou)。时山陵(ling)发(fa)掘,崧遣主簿(bu)石览(lan)将(jiang)(jiang)兵入洛(luo),修复山陵(ling)。以(yi)勋进爵(jue)舞阳县公(gong),迁都督荆(jing)州江北诸军事、平南将(jiang)(jiang)军,镇宛,改(gai)封曲陵(ling)公(gong)。为(wei)贼杜(du)曾所围。石览(lan)时为(wei)襄(xiang)城(cheng)太(tai)守(shou)(shou),崧力弱食尽(jin),使其(qi)小女灌(guan)求救于览(lan)及南中(zhong)郎(lang)将(jiang)(jiang)周访。访即(ji)遣子抚率(lv)兵三千人(ren)会石览(lan),俱救崧。贼闻兵至,散(san)走。崧既得免,乃遣南阳中(zhong)部尉(wei)王(wang)国、刘愿等(deng)潜军袭(xi)穰县,获曾从兄伪新野太(tai)守(shou)(shou)保,斩之。
元帝践阼,征拜尚(shang)(shang)书仆射,使崧与协共定中(zhong)兴礼(li)仪。从弟馗早亡,二息序、廞(xin),年各数岁,崧迎与共居,恩同其子(zi)。太尉、临淮公(gong)荀顗(yi)国(guo)胤废(fei)绝,朝庭以崧属近,欲以崧子(zi)袭封。崧哀序孤微,乃让封与序,论者称(cheng)焉。转太常。时方修学校(xiao),简省(sheng)博士,置《周易》王氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《尚(shang)(shang)书》郑(zheng)(zheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《古文尚(shang)(shang)书》孔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《毛(mao)诗》郑(zheng)(zheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《周官礼(li)记》郑(zheng)(zheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《春(chun)秋左传》杜氏(shi)(shi)(shi)服氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、《论语》《孝(xiao)经(jing)》郑(zheng)(zheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)博士各一人,凡九人,其《仪礼(li)》、《公(gong)羊》、《谷(gu)梁》及郑(zheng)(zheng)《易》皆省(sheng)不置。崧以为不可,乃上(shang)疏(shu)曰:
自丧乱以(yi)来(lai),儒学(xue)(xue)尤寡,今处学(xue)(xue)则(ze)阙明廷(ting)之秀(xiu),仕(shi)朝则(ze)废儒学(xue)(xue)之俊。昔咸宁、太康、永嘉之中,侍(shi)中、常侍(shi)、黄门通洽古(gu)今、行(xing)为世表者,领国子博士。一则(ze)应对殿堂,奉酬顾(gu)问;二则(ze)参训(xun)国子,以(yi)弘儒训(xun);三则(ze)祠、仪二曹(cao)及太常之职(zhi),以(yi)得质疑。今皇朝中兴(xing),美(mei)隆往初,宜宪(xian)章(zhang)令轨(gui),祖述(shu)前典(dian)。世祖武(wu)皇帝应运登禅(shan),崇儒兴(xing)学(xue)(xue)。经(jing)始明堂,营建辟雍,告朔班(ban)政,乡饮大射。西(xi)阁东(dong)序(xu),河图秘书禁籍。台省有宗(zong)庙太府金墉(yong)故事,太学(xue)(xue)有石经(jing)古(gu)文先(xian)儒典(dian)训(xun)。贾、马、郑、杜(du)、服、孔、王(wang)、何、颜、尹之徒,章(zhang)句(ju)传注(zhu)众(zhong)家(jia)之学(xue)(xue),置(zhi)博士十九人(ren)。九州之中,师(shi)徒相(xiang)传,学(xue)(xue)士如林,犹选张(zhang)华、刘寔居太常之官,以(yi)重儒教。
传(chuan)称“孔(kong)子没而微言绝,七十二(er)子终而大义乖”。自顷中夏殄(tian)瘁,讲诵遏密,斯文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),将堕于(yu)(yu)地。陛下圣哲(zhe)龙飞(fei),恢崇道(dao)教,乐正雅(ya)颂,于(yu)(yu)是乎在。江(jiang)、扬二(er)州,先渐(jian)声教,学士遗文,于(yu)(yu)今(jin)为盛。然方畴昔,犹千之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一。臣(chen)学不章句,才(cai)不弘(hong)通,方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)华实,儒风(feng)殊邈。思竭驽骀,庶增万分(fen)。愿斯道(dao)隆于(yu)(yu)百世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,搢绅(shen)咏于(yu)(yu)千载(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下。
伏(fu)闻节省之制,皆三分置(zhi)二(er)。博(bo)士(shi)(shi)旧置(zhi)十九(jiu)(jiu)人(ren)(ren),今(jin)(jin)五经合(he)九(jiu)(jiu)人(ren)(ren),准古(gu)计今(jin)(jin),犹未能半,宜(yi)及节省之制,以时施行。今(jin)(jin)九(jiu)(jiu)人(ren)(ren)以外,犹宜(yi)增四。愿陛(bi)下万机(ji)余暇,时垂省览。宜(yi)为郑《易》置(zhi)博(bo)士(shi)(shi)一人(ren)(ren),郑《仪礼》博(bo)士(shi)(shi)一人(ren)(ren),《春秋公羊(yang)》博(bo)士(shi)(shi)一人(ren)(ren),《谷梁》博(bo)士(shi)(shi)一人(ren)(ren)。
昔(xi)周(zhou)之(zhi)衰,下陵上替,上无天子(zi),下无方伯,善(shan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谁赏,恶者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谁罚,孔子(zi)惧而作《春秋》。诸侯讳妒,惧犯时(shi)禁,是以(yi)微辞(ci)妙旨,义(yi)不显明(ming)(ming)(ming),故曰(yue)“知我(wo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)(qi)惟《春秋》,罪我(wo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)(qi)惟《春秋》”。时(shi)左(zuo)(zuo)丘明(ming)(ming)(ming)、子(zi)夏(xia)造(zao)膝亲受,无不精(jing)究。孔子(zi)既(ji)没,微言(yan)将(jiang)绝(jue),于(yu)是丘明(ming)(ming)(ming)退撰所(suo)(suo)闻(wen),而为(wei)之(zhi)传。其(qi)(qi)(qi)书善(shan)礼(li),多膏(gao)腴美辞(ci),张本继末,以(yi)发明(ming)(ming)(ming)经意,信多奇伟,学者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)好之(zhi)。称公羊高亲受子(zi)夏(xia),立于(yu)汉朝(chao),辞(ci)义(yi)清(qing)隽,断决明(ming)(ming)(ming)审,董仲舒之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)善(shan)也。谷梁赤师徒相传,暂立于(yu)汉世。向、歆,汉之(zhi)硕儒,犹父子(zi)各执一家,莫肯相从(cong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)书文清(qing)义(yi)约,诸所(suo)(suo)发明(ming)(ming)(ming),或是《左(zuo)(zuo)氏》、《公羊》所(suo)(suo)不载,亦足有(you)所(suo)(suo)订正。是以(yi)三传并(bing)行于(yu)先代,通(tong)才未能孤废。今去圣久远,其(qi)(qi)(qi)文将(jiang)堕,与其(qi)(qi)(qi)过废,宁与过立。臣(chen)以(yi)为(wei)三传虽同曰(yue)《春秋》,而发端异趣,案如(ru)三家异同之(zhi)说,此乃义(yi)则(ze)战(zhan)争(zheng)之(zhi)场(chang),辞(ci)亦剑戟(ji)之(zhi)锋,于(yu)理(li)不可得共。博士宜各置一人,以(yi)博其(qi)(qi)(qi)学。
元帝诏曰(yue):“崧表(biao)如此,皆(jie)经国(guo)之(zhi)务。为政所由。息马投(tou)戈(ge),犹可(ke)讲艺,今虽日不暇给,岂忘本而遗存邪!可(ke)共(gong)博(bo)(bo)议(yi)者详(xiang)之(zhi)。”议(yi)者多请从崧所奏。诏曰(yue):“《谷梁》肤浅,不足置博(bo)(bo)士,余如奏。”会王敦之(zhi)难,不行。
敦表以(yi)崧(song)(song)为(wei)尚书左(zuo)仆射。及(ji)帝崩(beng),群(qun)臣议(yi)庙号(hao)(hao),王敦遣使谓曰(yue):“豺狼当路,梓宫(gong)未(wei)反,祖宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)号(hao)(hao),宜别思详(xiang)。”崧(song)(song)议(yi)以(yi)为(wei):“礼,祖有(you)功,宗(zong)有(you)德。元皇帝天纵圣哲,光启中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing),德泽侔于太(tai)戊,功惠迈于汉宣,臣敢(gan)(gan)依前典,上(shang)号(hao)(hao)曰(yue)中(zhong)(zhong)宗(zong)。”既而(er)与敦书曰(yue):“承(cheng)以(yi)长蛇未(wei)翦,别详(xiang)祖宗(zong)。先(xian)帝应天受(shou)命,以(yi)隆(long)中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing);中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)主,宁可随(sui)世数而(er)迁毁!敢(gan)(gan)率丹直。询(xun)之(zhi)(zhi)朝野,上(shang)号(hao)(hao)中(zhong)(zhong)宗(zong)。卜(bu)日有(you)期,不及(ji)重请,专(zhuan)辄(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)愆,所不敢(gan)(gan)辞(ci)。”初,敦待崧(song)(song)甚厚,欲以(yi)为(wei)司空(kong),于此衔之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)止。
太宁初,加散骑常侍,后领(ling)太子太傅。以平王敦功(gong),更(geng)封平乐伯。坐使威仪为(wei)猛兽所食,免职。后拜金(jin)紫(zi)光(guang)禄大(da)夫、录尚书事,散骑常侍如(ru)故。迁右光(guang)禄大(da)夫、开府仪同三司,录尚书如(ru)故。又领(ling)秘(mi)书监,给亲兵百(bai)二十人。年虽衰老(lao),而(er)孜孜典(dian)籍,世(shi)以此嘉(jia)之(zhi)。
苏峻之(zhi)役,崧(song)与王导(dao)、陆晔共登御床拥卫帝,及帝被逼幸石头,崧(song)亦侍从(cong)不离(li)帝侧。贼平,帝幸温峤舟,崧(song)时(shi)年(nian)老病笃,犹力步而从(cong)。咸和(he)三年(nian)薨(hong),时(shi)年(nian)六十七。赠侍中,谥曰敬。
其后(hou)(hou)著(zhu)作(zuo)郎虞预与丞相王导笺曰:“伏(fu)见前秘书(shu)、光禄大夫荀(xun)公,生于(yu)积德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族,少有儒雅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称,历(li)位内外,在(zai)(zai)贵能降。苏峻肆虐,乘舆失幸,公处嫌忌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地,有累卵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)危(wei),朝(chao)(chao)士为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寒心,论者谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)免。而(er)公将之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以智(zhi),险而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)慑,扶侍至尊(zun),缱绻不(bu)(bu)(bu)离。虽无扶迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勋,宜蒙守节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)报(bao)。且其宣(xuan)慈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei),早彰远近,朝(chao)(chao)野之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)望,许以台(tai)司(si),虽未正位,已加仪同。至守终纯(chun)固(gu),名(ming)定阖棺,而(er)薨(hong)卒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日,直(zhi)加侍中。生有三槐(huai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)望,没无鼎足(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming),宠不(bu)(bu)(bu)增于(yu)前秩,荣不(bu)(bu)(bu)副于(yu)本望,此(ci)一(yi)时愚(yu)智(zhi)所慷慨也。今承大弊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou),淳风颓散,苟有一(yi)介(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan),宜在(zai)(zai)旌(jing)表之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)例,而(er)况国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元老,志节若(ruo)斯(si)者乎!”不(bu)(bu)(bu)从。升平(ping)四年,崧改葬,诏赐钱百(bai)万,布(bu)五千匹。有二子:蕤(rui)、羡。蕤(rui)嗣。
蕤字令远。起(qi)家秘书(shu)郎,稍迁尚书(shu)左丞。蕤有仪(yi)操风望,雅为简文帝(di)所重。时桓温平(ping)蜀,朝(chao)廷(ting)欲以(yi)豫章郡封温。蕤言(yan)于(yu)帝(di)曰:“若温复(fu)假王威,北平(ping)河洛,修复(fu)园(yuan)陵(ling),将(jiang)(jiang)何(he)以(yi)加此!”于(yu)是乃止。转散(san)骑(qi)常(chang)侍、少(shao)府(fu),不拜,出补(bu)东阳(yang)太守。除建威将(jiang)(jiang)军、吴国内史。卒官。籍嗣位(wei),至(zhi)散(san)骑(qi)常(chang)侍、大(da)长秋。
羡字令则(ze)。清和有准。才年(nian)七岁,遇苏峻(jun)难(nan),随父在石头(tou),峻(jun)甚爱之,恆置膝上(shang)。羡阴白其母,曰(yue):“得一利刀子,足以杀贼。”母掩(yan)其口,曰(yue):“无妄(wang)言!”年(nian)十五(wu),将尚寻阳公主(zhu),羡不欲连婚帝室,仍远遁去。监司追,不获已,乃(nai)出尚公主(zhu),拜驸马都(dou)尉。弱冠,与(yu)琅(lang)邪王洽齐名,沛国刘惔、太(tai)原王濛、陈郡殷浩并与(yu)交(jiao)好。
骠(piao)骑将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)何充(chong)出镇京口,请为(wei)参(can)(can)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。穆帝又以(yi)为(wei)抚(fu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)参(can)(can)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),征(zheng)补太(tai)(tai)常博(bo)士(shi),皆(jie)不(bu)就(jiu)。后拜(bai)秘书丞(cheng)、义兴(xing)太(tai)(tai)守。征(zheng)北(bei)(bei)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)褚(chu)裒(pou)以(yi)为(wei)长(zhang)史(shi)。既(ji)到,裒(pou)谓佐(zuo)吏曰:“荀生(sheng)资逸(yi)群之(zhi)气,将(jiang)(jiang)有冲(chong)天之(zhi)举,诸(zhu)君宜善(shan)事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)。”寻迁建威将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)、吴国内史(shi)。除北(bei)(bei)中郎(lang)将(jiang)(jiang)、徐州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)、监(jian)(jian)徐兗二州(zhou)(zhou)扬州(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)晋(jin)陵诸(zhu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)、假节(jie)。殷浩以(yi)羡在事(shi)(shi)有能(neng)名,故居以(yi)重任。时年二十八(ba),中兴(xing)方伯,未有如羡之(zhi)少(shao)者。羡至镇,发(fa)二州(zhou)(zhou)兵,使参(can)(can)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)郑袭戍(shu)准阴。羡寻北(bei)(bei)镇准阴,屯田于(yu)东阳(yang)之(zhi)石鳖(bie)。寻加(jia)(jia)监(jian)(jian)青州(zhou)(zhou)诸(zhu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi),又领兗州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi),镇下邳(pi)。羡自(zi)镇来(lai)朝,时蔡谟固让司徒,不(bu)起(qi),中军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)殷浩欲(yu)加(jia)(jia)大辟(pi),以(yi)问(wen)于(yu)羡。羡曰:“蔡公今(jin)日事(shi)(shi)危(wei),明(ming)日必(bi)有桓(huan)文之(zhi)举。”浩乃止。
及(ji)慕(mu)容(rong)俊攻段兰(lan)于(yu)青州,诏(zhao)使羡(xian)(xian)救之。俊将王腾、赵盘寇琅(lang)(lang)邪(xie)、鄄城,北境骚动。羡(xian)(xian)讨之,擒腾,盘迸走。军次琅(lang)(lang)邪(xie),而兰(lan)已没(mei),羡(xian)(xian)退(tui)还下(xia)邳,留将军诸(zhu)葛攸、高平太守刘(liu)庄等三(san)千(qian)(qian)人(ren)守琅(lang)(lang)邪(xie),参军戴逯、萧鎋二千(qian)(qian)人(ren)守泰山。是时,慕(mu)容(rong)兰(lan)以(yi)数万众屯汴城,甚(shen)为边害。羡(xian)(xian)自光(guang)水引汶通渠,至于(yu)东(dong)阿以(yi)征之。临(lin)阵,斩兰(lan)。帝将封之,羡(xian)(xian)固辞(ci)不受。
先是,石季龙死,胡中大乱(luan),羡抚纳降附,甚得众心。以疾笃解职。后除右军(jun)(jun)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),加散骑(qi)常侍,让不拜。升平二年卒,时年三(san)十(shi)八。帝闻(wen)之,叹曰:“荀令则、王(wang)敬(jing)和(he)相继凋落,股肱腹心将(jiang)复谁寄乎!”追(zhui)赠骠骑(qi)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。
范汪,字玄平(ping),雍州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)晷之孙也。父稚(zhi),蚤卒(zu)。汪少孤(gu)贫,六岁过江,依外家新野庾(yu)氏(shi)。荆(jing)州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)王澄见而(er)奇之,曰:“兴范族(zu)者(zhe),必(bi)是子也。”年十三,丧(sang)母(mu),居丧(sang)尽礼,亲邻哀之。及(ji)长(zhang),好学。外氏(shi)家贫,无以资给,汪乃庐(lu)于园中,布(bu)衣蔬食,然薪写书,写毕,诵读亦遍(bian),遂博学多通(tong),善谈名理。弱冠,至京师(shi),属苏峻作难。王师(shi)败绩,汪乃遁逃(tao)西(xi)归。庾(yu)亮、温峤屯兵寻阳,时行李断绝,莫知(zhi)峻之虚(xu)实,咸恐贼强,未(wei)敢轻(qing)进。及(ji)汪至,峤等访之,汪曰:“贼政令不一,贪暴纵横,灭(mie)亡已兆,虽强易弱。朝(chao)廷有(you)倒悬(xuan)之急,宜时进讨。”峤深(shen)纳之。是日,护(hu)军、平(ping)南二府礼命交至,始解褐,参护(hu)军事。贼平(ping),赐爵都乡侯。复为庾(yu)亮平(ping)西(xi)参军、从讨郭默,进爵亭(ting)侯。辟司空郗鉴掾(yuan),除宛陵令。复参亮征(zheng)西(xi)军事,转(zhuan)州(zhou)别(bie)驾。汪为亮佐使(shi)十有(you)余(yu)年,甚相(xiang)钦(qin)待。转(zhuan)鹰扬将军、安远护(hu)军、武(wu)陵内史(shi),征(zheng)拜中书侍(shi)郎。
时庾翼将(jiang)悉郢汉(han)之(zhi)众以事中(zhong)原,军次(ci)安陆,寻(xun)转屯襄阳。汪(wang)上(shang)疏曰:
臣伏思(si)安(an)西将军翼(yi)今至(zhi)襄(xiang)阳(yang)(yang),仓卒攻讨,凡百(bai)草创,安(an)陆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)调,不(bu)复(fu)为襄(xiang)阳(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。而玄冬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月,沔汉乾涸,皆当(dang)鱼(yu)贯(guan)百(bai)行,排推而进(jin)。设一(yi)处有急,势不(bu)相救。臣所至(zhi)虑(lv)(lv)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又既至(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,桓宣当(dang)出。宣往实翦(jian)豺狼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)林,招携贰(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众,待(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)至(zhi)宽,御之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)无法(fa)。田(tian)畴垦辟,生产始立,而当(dang)移之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),必有嗷然,悔吝难(nan)测。臣所至(zhi)虑(lv)(lv)二(er)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。襄(xiang)阳(yang)(yang)顿益数(shu)万口(kou),奉师之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)费,皆当(dang)出于江南。运漕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难(nan),船人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力,不(bu)可不(bu)熟(shu)计。臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所至(zhi)虑(lv)(lv)三也(ye)(ye)(ye)。且申伯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊,而与边将并驱(qu)。又东(dong)军不(bu)进(jin),殊(shu)为孤悬(xuan)。兵(bing)书云:“知(zhi)彼知(zhi)此,百(bai)战不(bu)殆。知(zhi)彼不(bu)知(zhi)此,一(yi)胜一(yi)负。”贼诚(cheng)衰弊,然得臣犹在;我虽方隆,今实未暇。而连(lian)兵(bing)不(bu)解,患难(nan)将起,臣所至(zhi)虑(lv)(lv)四也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
翼岂不(bu)(bu)知兵(bing)家所患(huan)常在于(yu)此,顾以门户事(shi)(shi)任(ren),忧责莫大(da),晏然(ran)终年,忧心情所安(an),是以抗(kang)表辄行,毕命原野。以翼宏规经略(lve),文武用命,忽(hu)遇(yu)衅会,大(da)事(shi)(shi)便济。然(ran)国家之虑(lv),常以万全,非(fei)至安(an)至审,王者不(bu)(bu)举。臣谓宜严诏谕翼,还镇养(yang)锐(rui),以为后图。若少合圣(sheng)听,乞密出臣表,与车骑臣冰等详(xiang)共(gong)集(ji)议。
寻而骠骑将军(jun)(jun)何充辅政,请为(wei)(wei)(wei)长史(shi)。桓(huan)温(wen)代翼为(wei)(wei)(wei)荆州(zhou)(zhou),复以(yi)汪为(wei)(wei)(wei)安西长史(shi)。温(wen)西征蜀(shu),委以(yi)留府。蜀(shu)平,进爵武兴(xing)县侯。而温(wen)频请为(wei)(wei)(wei)长史(shi)、江州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi),皆(jie)不就。自(zi)请还京(jing),求(qiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)东(dong)阳太守。温(wen)甚(shen)恨焉(yan)。在(zai)郡(jun)大(da)兴(xing)学校(xiao),甚(shen)有惠政。顷之,召入,频迁中(zhong)领军(jun)(jun)、本州(zhou)(zhou)大(da)中(zhong)正(zheng)。时(shi)简文帝作相,甚(shen)相亲昵,除都督徐兗青冀四州(zhou)(zhou)扬州(zhou)(zhou)之晋陵诸军(jun)(jun)事、安北将军(jun)(jun)、徐兗二州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)、假节。
既而桓温(wen)(wen)(wen)北伐(fa),令汪率(lv)文(wen)武(wu)出梁国,以失期,免为(wei)庶人。朝(chao)廷惮温(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)敢执(zhi),谈(tan)者(zhe)为(wei)之(zhi)叹恨。汪屏居吴郡(jun),从容(rong)讲肆(si),不(bu)(bu)言枉直。后至姑(gu)孰,见温(wen)(wen)(wen)。温(wen)(wen)(wen)时方(fang)起屈滞以倾(qing)朝(chao)廷,谓(wei)汪远来(lai)(lai)诣(yi)己,倾(qing)身引(yin)望,谓(wei)袁宏(hong)曰:“范公来(lai)(lai),可作太常邪(xie)?”汪既至,才(cai)坐,温(wen)(wen)(wen)谢其远来(lai)(lai)意。汪实来(lai)(lai)造温(wen)(wen)(wen),恐以趋时致损,乃曰:“亡兒(er)瘗此,故(gu)来(lai)(lai)视(shi)之(zhi)。”温(wen)(wen)(wen)殊失望而止(zhi)。时年六十五,卒于家。赠散骑常侍,谥曰穆。长子康嗣(si),早卒。康弟宁(ning),最知名。
宁字武子(zi)。少笃学(xue),多所通(tong)览。简文帝为(wei)相,将(jiang)辟之,为(wei)桓温(wen)所讽(feng),遂寝不行。故(gu)终温(wen)之世,兄弟无在列位者。时(shi)以浮虚相扇,儒(ru)雅日替,宁以为(wei)其源始于王弼、何晏,二(er)人之罪深于桀(jie)纣,乃(nai)著论曰:
或曰:“黄唐缅邈(miao),至道沦翳,濠濮辍咏(yong),风流靡托,争(zheng)夺(duo)兆于仁(ren)义,是非成于儒墨(mo)。平叔神怀超绝(jue),辅(fu)嗣妙思通微,振(zhen)千载之(zhi)颓纲,落周孔之(zhi)尘网。斯盖轩冕(mian)之(zhi)龙门,濠梁之(zhi)宗匠。尝闻夫(fu)子之(zhi)论(lun),以为罪过桀纣,何哉?”
答曰:“子(zi)信(xin)(xin)有圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)乎(hu)?夫圣(sheng)人(ren)者,德侔二(er)仪,道(dao)冠三才,虽帝皇(huang)殊号,质文(wen)异制,而(er)(er)统天成(cheng)务,旷代齐趣。王何蔑弃典文(wen),不遵礼(li)度,游辞浮说,波荡后生(sheng),饰华言(yan)以(yi)(yi)翳实,骋繁文(wen)以(yi)(yi)惑世(shi)(shi)。搢绅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,翻然改辙,洙泗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风,缅焉将堕(duo)。遂令仁(ren)义幽沦,儒雅蒙尘(chen),礼(li)坏乐(le)崩,中原倾覆。古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)谓言(yan)伪(wei)而(er)(er)辩、行僻而(er)(er)坚者,其(qi)斯人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒欤!昔夫子(zi)斩少正于鲁,太公戮华士于齐,岂非旷世(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)同诛乎(hu)!桀纣(zhou)暴虐,正足以(yi)(yi)灭身覆国(guo),为后世(shi)(shi)鉴诫(jie)耳,岂能(neng)回百(bai)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)视(shi)听载(zai)!王何叨海内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浮誉,资(zi)膏粱(liang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)傲(ao)诞,画螭魅以(yi)(yi)为巧,扇无检(jian)以(yi)(yi)为俗。郑声之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乱乐(le),利(li)口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)覆邦,信(xin)(xin)矣(yi)哉!吾固以(yi)(yi)为一世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸轻,历代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪重,自丧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衅小,迷众之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愆大(da)也。”
宁(ning)崇儒(ru)抑俗,率皆如(ru)此。
温薨(hong)之(zhi)后(hou),始(shi)解(jie)褐为余(yu)杭令(ling),在县兴(xing)学校,养生徒,洁己修礼,志行之(zhi)士(shi)莫(mo)不宗之(zhi)。期(qi)年(nian)之(zhi)后(hou),风化大行。自中兴(xing)已来(lai),崇学敦教,未(wei)有如宁(ning)(ning)者(zhe)也。在职(zhi)六年(nian),迁临(lin)淮太守,封阳遂乡侯。顷(qing)之(zhi),征拜(bai)中书侍(shi)郎(lang)。在职(zhi)多所献替,有益政道。时更营(ying)新庙,博求辟雍、明堂之(zhi)制,宁(ning)(ning)据经传奏上,皆有典证(zheng)。孝武帝(di)雅好文(wen)学,甚(shen)被(bei)亲爱,朝廷疑(yi)议,辄谘访之(zhi)。宁(ning)(ning)指斥朝士(shi),直(zhi)言无讳。
王国(guo)宝(bao),宁之(zhi)(zhi)甥也,以(yi)(yi)谄(chan)媚(mei)事会稽王道子(zi),惧为(wei)宁所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)容,乃相驱(qu)扇,因被疏隔。求补豫章太(tai)守,帝曰:“豫章不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜(yi)太(tai)守,何急以(yi)(yi)身试(shi)死邪?”宁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)信(xin)卜占,固请(qing)行,临(lin)发,上疏曰:“臣闻道尚虚简,政贵平静,坦公(gong)亮于幽显,流(liu)子(zi)爱(ai)于百姓,然后可以(yi)(yi)经夷险而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忧(you)(you),乘休否而常(chang)夷。先(xian)王所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)致太(tai)平,如此而已。今四(si)境晏如,烽(feng)燧不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)举,而仓庾虚秏,帑藏空匮。古者使人,岁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过三(san)日(ri),今之(zhi)(zhi)劳扰,殆无三(san)日(ri)休停,至有残刑(xing)翦(jian)发,要求复(fu)除(chu),生(sheng)兒(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)举养,鳏(guan)寡不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢妻娶。岂不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怨结人鬼(gui),感(gan)伤和气。臣恐社(she)稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)忧(you)(you),积薪(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)(yi)为(wei)喻。臣久欲(yu)(yu)粗(cu)启所(suo)(suo)怀,日(ri)复(fu)一日(ri)。今当(dang)永(yong)离左(zuo)右,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欲(yu)(yu)令心有余(yu)恨。请(qing)出臣启事,付外详择。”帝诏公(gong)卿牧守普议得失(shi),宁又陈时(shi)政曰:
古(gu)者分土(tu)割境,以益百(bai)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心;圣王(wang)作制,籍无(wu)黄(huang)白之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别。昔中原丧乱,流寓(yu)江左(zuo),庶有旋反之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期,故(gu)许其(qi)挟注(zhu)本郡。自尔(er)渐久,人安其(qi)业(ye),丘(qiu)垄坟柏(bo),皆(jie)已成(cheng)行,虽无(wu)本邦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名,而(er)(er)有安土(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实。今宜正其(qi)封(feng)疆,以土(tu)断人户,明考课之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科,修闾(lv)伍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。难(nan)者必曰(yue):“人各有桑(sang)梓,俗自有南(nan)北。一朝属户,长为人隶(li),君(jun)子则有土(tu)风之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)慨,小(xiao)人则怀下(xia)役之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虑(lv)。”斯诚并兼者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)执(zhi),而(er)(er)非通理(li)者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)笃论也。古(gu)者失(shi)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),犹臣所(suo)寓(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主,列国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣,亦有违適之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。随会仕秦,致称《春秋》;乐毅宦燕,见(jian)褒良(liang)史。且今普天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人,原其(qi)氏出(chu),皆(jie)随世迁移,何至于今而(er)(er)独(du)不可?
凡荒(huang)郡之人(ren),星(xing)居东(dong)西(xi),远者千(qian)(qian)余,近者数百(bai),而(er)举(ju)召役调,皆(jie)相资(zi)须,期会差违(wei),辄(zhe)致严(yan)坐,人(ren)不堪命,叛为(wei)(wei)(wei)盗(dao)贼。是以山湖日(ri)积(ji),刑狱愈滋。今荒(huang)小(xiao)郡县(xian),皆(jie)宜并合,不满五千(qian)(qian)户,不得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)郡,不满千(qian)(qian)户,不得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)县(xian)。守宰之任,宜得(de)清平之人(ren)。顷(qing)者选举(ju),惟以恤贫为(wei)(wei)(wei)先,虽(sui)制有(you)六年,而(er)富足便退。又郡守找(zhao)吏,牵置无(wu)常,或(huo)兼台职,或(huo)带府官(guan)。夫府以统(tong)州,州以监郡,郡以莅县(xian),如令(ling)互相领帖,则是下官(guan)反为(wei)(wei)(wei)上司,赋调役使无(wu)复节限。且牵曳百(bai)姓,营起廨舍,东(dong)西(xi)流(liu)迁,人(ren)人(ren)易处,文书簿籍,少有(you)存者。先之室宇(yu),皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)私家,后来新官(guan),复应修立。其为(wei)(wei)(wei)弊也,胡(hu)可胜言!
又方镇去官,皆割精兵器杖以(yi)(yi)(yi)为送(song)故(gu),米布(bu)之(zhi)属不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可称计(ji)。监司相容,初无(wu)(wu)弹纠。其中或有清白,亦复不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见甄异(yi)。送(song)兵多(duo)者至(zhi)有千余家(jia),少者数(shu)十(shi)(shi)户。既(ji)力人(ren)私门,复资官廪(lin)布(bu)。兵役既(ji)竭,枉服良(liang)人(ren),牵(qian)引无(wu)(wu)端,以(yi)(yi)(yi)相充补。若(ruo)是功勋之(zhi)臣,则已(yi)享裂(lie)土之(zhi)祚,岂(qi)应封外复置吏兵乎(hu)!谓(wei)送(song)故(gu)之(zhi)格宜为节(jie)制,以(yi)(yi)(yi)三年为断,夫人(ren)性无(wu)(wu)涯(ya),奢(she)俭由势。今并兼之(zhi)士亦多(duo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)瞻,非力不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)厚身(shen),非禄不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)富家(jia),是得之(zhi)有由,而(er)(er)用之(zhi)无(wu)(wu)节(jie)。蒱酒(jiu)永日,驰骛卒(zu)年,一宴之(zhi)馔(zhuan),费过十(shi)(shi)金,丽服之(zhi)美,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可赀算(suan),盛狗(gou)马之(zhi)饰,营郑卫之(zhi)音(yin),南亩废(fei)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)垦(ken),讲诵阙而(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)闻(wen),凡(fan)庸竞驰,傲诞成(cheng)俗。谓(wei)宜验其乡党,考(kao)其业尚,试其能否,然后升进。如此,匪惟家(jia)给人(ren)足(zu),贤(xian)人(ren)岂(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)继踵而(er)(er)至(zhi)哉(zai)!
官制谪兵,不相袭代,顷(qing)者小(xiao)事(shi),便从(cong)补役(yi)(yi),一(yi)愆之违(wei),辱及累世(shi),亲戚傍支,罹其(qi)祸(huo)毒,户口减秏(hao),亦由于此。皆宜(yi)料遣,以(yi)全(quan)国信(xin),礼,十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)为(wei)长殇,以(yi)其(qi)未成人(ren)(ren)也。十(shi)(shi)五(wu)为(wei)中殇,以(yi)为(wei)尚童(tong)幼也。今(jin)以(yi)十(shi)(shi)六为(wei)全(quan)丁,则备成人(ren)(ren)之役(yi)(yi)矣。以(yi)十(shi)(shi)三为(wei)半(ban)丁,所任非复童(tong)幼之事(shi)矣。岂可伤天理,远经(jing)典,困苦万姓,乃至此乎!今(jin)宜(yi)修(xiu)礼文,以(yi)二十(shi)(shi)为(wei)全(quan)丁,十(shi)(shi)六至十(shi)(shi)九(jiu)为(wei)半(ban)丁,则人(ren)(ren)无夭折,生长滋繁矣。
帝善之。
初,宁(ning)(ning)(ning)之(zhi)出,非(fei)帝本意,故所(suo)启多(duo)合旨。宁(ning)(ning)(ning)在(zai)郡(jun)又大设庠序(xu),遣人(ren)(ren)往交州(zhou)采(cai)磬石(shi),以供学(xue)(xue)用(yong),改革旧制,不(bu)拘常宪。远(yuan)近至者千余人(ren)(ren),资(zi)给众费,一出私(si)禄。并取郡(jun)四姓子弟,皆充学(xue)(xue)生,课续五经(jing)。又起学(xue)(xue)台,功用(yong)弥广,江(jiang)州(zhou)刺史王(wang)凝之(zhi)上(shang)言(yan)曰:“豫章郡(jun)居(ju)此州(zhou)之(zhi)半(ban)。太守(shou)臣(chen)(chen)宁(ning)(ning)(ning)入参机省,出宰名(ming)郡(jun),而肆其奢浊(zhuo),所(suo)为狼(lang)籍。郡(jun)城先(xian)有六门(men),宁(ning)(ning)(ning)悉改作(zuo)重(zhong)楼(lou),复更开二(er)门(men),合前为八。私(si)立(li)下舍七所(suo)。臣(chen)(chen)伏寻(xun)宗庙之(zhi)设,各有品秩,而宁(ning)(ning)(ning)自置家庙。又下十五县(xian),皆使左宗庙,右(you)社稷,准之(zhi)太庙,皆资(zi)人(ren)(ren)力,又夺人(ren)(ren)居(ju)宅,工(gong)夫万计。宁(ning)(ning)(ning)若(ruo)以古制宜崇,自当列上(shang),而敢专辄,惟(wei)在(zai)任心。州(zhou)既闻(wen)知,既符从事,制不(bu)复听(ting)。而宁(ning)(ning)(ning)严威属县(xian),惟(wei)令(ling)速立(li)。愿(yuan)出臣(chen)(chen)表下太常,议之(zhi)礼典(dian)。”诏曰:“汉宣云:可与共治天下者,良二(er)千石(shi)也!若(ruo)范(fan)宁(ning)(ning)(ning)果如凝之(zhi)所(suo)表者,岂可复宰郡(jun)乎(hu)!”以此抵罪。子泰时为天门(men)太守(shou),弃(qi)官称诉。帝以宁(ning)(ning)(ning)所(suo)务(wu)惟(wei)学(xue)(xue),事久不(bu)判。会赦(she),免。
初(chu),宁尝患目(mu)痛就(jiu)中书(shu)侍郎张湛求方(fang),湛因嘲之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“古方(fang),宋(song)阳里子少得其术,以(yi)授鲁东门(men)伯(bo),鲁东门(men)伯(bo)以(yi)授左丘明,遂世也上传。及汉杜(du)子夏郑康(kang)成、魏高(gao)堂隆(long)、晋左太(tai)冲,凡(fan)此(ci)诸(zhu)(zhu)贤,并有目(mu)疾,得此(ci)方(fang)云:用(yong)损读书(shu)一,减思虑二,专(zhuan)内视三,简(jian)外观四,旦(dan)晚起(qi)五,夜早眠六(liu)。凡(fan)六(liu)物熬以(yi)神火(huo),下(xia)以(yi)气簁(xi),蕴于(yu)胸中七(qi)日,然后纳(na)诸(zhu)(zhu)方(fang)寸。修之(zhi)(zhi)一时,近(jin)能(neng)数其目(mu)睫,远(yuan)视尺捶之(zhi)(zhi)余。长(zhang)服(fu)不(bu)已,洞见墙壁之(zhi)(zhi)外。非但明目(mu),乃亦延年。”既免官(guan),家(jia)于(yu)丹阳,犹(you)勤经学(xue),终年不(bu)辍。年六(liu)十三,卒于(yu)家(jia)。
初(chu),宁以《春秋谷梁氏》未有善释,遂沈(shen)思积年,为之(zhi)集解。其义精审,为世所重。既(ji)而徐邈复为之(zhi)注,世亦(yi)称之(zhi)。
子泰,元(yuan)熙中,为护军(jun)将(jiang)军(jun)。
坚(jian)(jian)字子(zi)(zi)常。博学善属(shu)文。永(yong)嘉中,避(bi)乱(luan)江东,拜佐著(zhu)作郎、抚军参军。讨苏峻,赐爵都亭(ting)侯。累(lei)迁(qian)尚书(shu)右丞。时廷尉奏(zou)殿中帐吏邵广(guang)盗官(guan)幔三张,合布三十匹,有(you)(you)司正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)刑(xing)弃市。广(guang)二子(zi)(zi),宗(zong)(zong)年十三,云年十一,黄幡挝登闻鼓乞(qi)恩,辞(ci)求自没为(wei)奚(xi)官(guan)奴(nu),以(yi)(yi)赎父(fu)命。尚书(shu)郎硃暎(ying)议(yi)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)父(fu),无子(zi)(zi)者少(shao),一事遂行,便成永(yong)制(zhi),惧死罪之(zhi)(zhi)刑(xing),于此而(er)弛。坚(jian)(jian)亦同(tong)暎(ying)议(yi)。时议(yi)者以(yi)(yi)广(guang)为(wei)钳徒,二兒(er)没入,既足(zu)以(yi)(yi)惩,又使百(bai)姓知父(fu)子(zi)(zi)道(dao),圣(sheng)朝有(you)(you)垂(chui)恩之(zhi)(zhi)仁。可特听(ting)减广(guang)死罪为(wei)五岁刑(xing),宗(zong)(zong)等付奚(xi)官(guan)为(wei)奴(nu),而(er)不为(wei)永(yong)制(zhi)。坚(jian)(jian)驳(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“自淳朴浇(jiao)散,刑(xing)辟仍作,刑(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)止刑(xing),杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)止杀(sha)。虽时有(you)(you)赦(she)过宥罪,议(yi)狱(yu)缓死,未有(you)(you)行小不忍而(er)轻易典刑(xing)也(ye)。且既许(xu)宗(zong)(zong)等,宥广(guang)以(yi)(yi)死,若复有(you)(you)宗(zong)(zong)比而(er)不求赎父(fu)者,岂得(de)不摈绝人(ren)伦,同(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)禽兽邪!案主者今(jin)奏(zou)云,惟特听(ting)宗(zong)(zong)等而(er)不为(wei)永(yong)制(zhi)。臣(chen)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)王者之(zhi)(zhi)作,动关盛衰,嚬(pin)笑之(zhi)(zhi)间,尚慎所(suo)加(jia),况于国典,可以(yi)(yi)徒亏!今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)宥广(guang),正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)宗(zong)(zong)等耳。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)爱(ai)父(fu),谁不如宗(zong)(zong)?今(jin)既居然许(xu)宗(zong)(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)请,将来诉者,何独匪民!特听(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)意,未见其益(yi);不以(yi)(yi)为(wei)例,交兴(xing)怨讟。此为(wei)施一恩于今(jin),而(er)开万怨于后也(ye)。”成帝从之(zhi)(zhi),正(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)广(guang)死刑(xing)。后迁(qian)护(hu)军长史,卒官(guan)。
子(zi)启,字(zi)荣期(qi),虽经学(xue)不及坚,而以(yi)才义显于当世(shi)。于时(shi)清谈之(zhi)士(shi)庾龢、韩伯、袁(yuan)宏等,并(bing)相知友。为秘书(shu)郎(lang),累居显职,终于黄门侍郎(lang)。父子(zi)并(bing)有文(wen)笔传于世(shi)。
刘(liu)惔(yan)(yan),字真长(zhang),沛(pei)国相人也。祖宏(hong),字终嘏,光(guang)禄勋(xun)。宏(hong)兄粹,字纯嘏,侍中(zhong)。宏(hong)弟(di)潢,字冲嘏,吏部尚书(shu)。并有(you)名中(zhong)朝。时(shi)人语曰(yue):“洛中(zhong)雅(ya)雅(ya)有(you)三嘏。”父耽,晋(jin)陵太(tai)守,亦知名。惔(yan)(yan)少清(qing)远,有(you)标奇(qi),与(yu)母(mu)任氏寓居京口,家贫,织芒屩以(yi)为(wei)养,虽荜门陋(lou)巷(xiang),晏(yan)如也。人未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)识,惟(wei)王(wang)导深器之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后稍知名,论(lun)者(zhe)比(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)袁羊。惔(yan)(yan)喜,还告其(qi)母(mu)。其(qi)母(mu),聪明(ming)妇(fu)人也,谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“此非汝(ru)比(bi),勿(wu)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)有(you)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)范汪(wang)者(zhe)。惔(yan)(yan)复(fu)喜,母(mu)又(you)不听。及惔(yan)(yan)年德转升,论(lun)者(zhe)遂(sui)比(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荀粲。尚明(ming)帝女庐陵公主。以(yi)惔(yan)(yan)雅(ya)善言(yan)理(li),简文(wen)帝初作(zuo)相,与(yu)王(wang)濛并为(wei)谈客,俱蒙上(shang)宾礼(li)。时(shi)孙盛作(zuo)《易象(xiang)妙于见形论(lun)》,帝使殷浩难之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不能(neng)屈。帝曰(yue):“使真长(zhang)来,故应有(you)以(yi)制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”乃命迎惔(yan)(yan)。盛素敬服惔(yan)(yan),及至,便(bian)与(yu)抗(kang)答(da),辞甚简至,盛理(li)遂(sui)屈。一(yi)坐(zuo)抚掌大笑,咸称美之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
累(lei)迁丹(dan)阳尹。为政清整,门无杂宾。时百姓颇有讼官长(zhang)者,诸郡(jun)往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)有相举正,惔(yan)叹曰:“夫居下讪(shan)上,此弊道也。古之善政,司契而已,岂不(bu)以其(qi)敦本正源,镇静流末乎!君虽不(bu)君,下安可以失礼。若此风不(bu)革,百姓将往(wang)(wang)而不(bu)反。”遂寝(qin)而不(bu)问(wen)。
性简贵,与(yu)王羲(xi)(xi)之雅相友善。郗(xi)愔有伧奴善知文章(zhang),羲(xi)(xi)之爱之,每称奴于忄炎。惔(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“何(he)如(ru)方回邪?”羲(xi)(xi)之曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“小人(ren)耳(er),何(he)比郗(xi)公(gong)!”惔(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“若不如(ru)方回,故(gu)常奴耳(er)。”桓温尝问惔(yan)(yan):“会稽王谈(tan)更进邪?”惔(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“极进,然故(gu)第(di)二流耳(er)。”温曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“第(di)一复谁?”惔(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“故(gu)在我辈。”其高(gao)自标置如(ru)此。
惔每奇温才(cai),而(er)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)有不(bu)臣之迹。及(ji)(ji)温为荆(jing)州,惔言于帝曰:“温不(bu)可使(shi)居形胜(sheng)地(di),其(qi)(qi)位号常宜抑之。”劝帝自镇上流,而(er)己为军(jun)司,帝不(bu)纳。又请(qing)自行,复(fu)不(bu)听。及(ji)(ji)温伐蜀,时(shi)咸(xian)谓(wei)未易可制(zhi),惟惔以(yi)为必克(ke)。或问其(qi)(qi)故,云:“以(yi)蒱(pu)博(bo)验之,其(qi)(qi)不(bu)必得,则不(bu)为也。恐温终专(zhuan)制(zhi)朝廷。”及(ji)(ji)后竟(jing)如其(qi)(qi)言。尝荐(jian)吴郡张凭,凭卒(zu)为美士(shi),众(zhong)以(yi)此服其(qi)(qi)知(zhi)人(ren)。
尤(you)好《老(lao)庄》,任自然趣。疾笃,百姓(xing)欲为(wei)之祈(qi)祷,家人又请祭神,惔曰(yue):“丘之祷久矣。”年三十六,卒官(guan)。孙绰(chuo)(chuo)为(wei)之诔云(yun):“居官(guan)无官(guan)官(guan)之事(shi),处事(shi)无事(shi)事(shi)之心。”时人以为(wei)名(ming)(ming)言(yan)。后绰(chuo)(chuo)尝诣(yi)褚裒,言(yan)及惔,流涕曰(yue):“可谓人之云(yun)亡,邦国殄瘁(cui)。”裒大怒(nu)曰(yue):“真长(zhang)生平何尝相比(bi)数,而卿今(jin)日(ri)作此面向人邪!”其为(wei)名(ming)(ming)流所敬重如此。
张(zhang)凭(ping),字(zi)长宗。祖镇,苍梧太守。凭(ping)年数岁。镇谓其父(fu)曰:“我不(bu)如汝有(you)佳兒。”凭(ping)曰:“阿翁岂(qi)宜以子戏父(fu)邪!”及长,有(you)志(zhi)气,为乡(xiang)闾所(suo)称。举(ju)(ju)孝廉,负其才,自谓必参(can)时(shi)彦。初,欲(yu)诣惔(yan),乡(xiang)里及同举(ju)(ju)者(zhe)共笑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既至(zhi),惔(yan)处之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下坐,神意不(bu)接(jie),凭(ping)欲(yu)自发而无(wu)端。会王就濛惔(yan)清言,有(you)所(suo)不(bu)通,凭(ping)于(yu)末坐判之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),言旨深远,足(zu)暢彼我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怀,一坐皆惊。惔(yan)延之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上坐,清言弥日,留(liu)宿至(zhi)旦遣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凭(ping)既还(hai)船,须臾,惔(yan)遣传教觅张(zhang)孝廉船,便召(zhao)与同载,遂言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)简文帝(di)。帝(di)召(zhao)与语(yu),叹曰:“张(zhang)凭(ping)勃窣为理窟。”官(guan)至(zhi)吏部(bu)郎、御史中丞。
韩(han)伯(bo)(bo),字康伯(bo)(bo),颍川(chuan)长(zhang)社人也。母(mu)(mu)殷氏,高(gao)明有行。家贫(pin)窭,伯(bo)(bo)年数岁,至大寒,母(mu)(mu)方为作襦,令伯(bo)(bo)捉熨斗,而谓之(zhi)曰(yue):“且著襦,寻当(dang)作复衤军。”伯(bo)(bo)曰(yue):“不复须(xu)。”母(mu)(mu)问其故,对曰(yue):“火在(zai)斗中,而柄尚热,今既著襦,下亦当(dang)暖。”母(mu)(mu)甚异之(zhi)。及(ji)长(zhang),清和(he)有思(si)理(li),留心文艺。舅殷浩称之(zhi)曰(yue):“康伯(bo)(bo)能自标(biao)置,居(ju)然是出群之(zhi)器。”颍川(chuan)庾龢名(ming)重一(yi)时,少所(suo)推服,常(chang)称伯(bo)(bo)及(ji)王(wang)坦之(zhi)曰(yue):“思(si)理(li)伦和(he),我(wo)敬(jing)韩(han)康伯(bo)(bo);志力强正(zheng),吾愧王(wang)文度。自此以(yi)还,吾皆百之(zhi)矣(yi)。”
举秀(xiu)才,征佐(zuo)著作郎,并不(bu)就(jiu)。简文帝居(ju)籓,引(yin)为(wei)谈客,自司徒(tu)左西属(shu)转(zhuan)抚军掾、中书郎、散骑(qi)常侍、豫章(zhang)太守,入为(wei)侍中。陈郡(jun)周勰(xie)(xie)为(wei)谢(xie)安主(zhu)簿,居(ju)丧废礼,崇尚庄老,脱落名教。伯(bo)领(ling)中正,不(bu)通勰(xie)(xie),议曰:“拜下之敬,犹违众从礼。情理之极(ji),不(bu)宜以多比为(wei)通。”时(shi)人惮(dan)焉。”识者(zhe)谓伯(bo)可(ke)谓澄世所(suo)不(bu)能澄,而裁世所(suo)不(bu)能裁者(zhe)矣,与夫容己顺众者(zhe),岂(qi)得(de)同时(shi)而共(gong)称哉!
王坦之(zhi)又尝著(zhu)《公谦(qian)论(lun)》,袁宏(hong)作(zuo)论(lun)以难(nan)之(zhi)。伯(bo)览(lan)而美(mei)其辞旨(zhi),以为是(shi)非既辩(bian),谁与(yu)正之(zhi),遂作(zuo)《辩(bian)谦(qian)》以折中(zhong)曰:
夫寻理辩疑,必先(xian)定其(qi)(qi)名(ming)分所(suo)(suo)(suo)存。所(suo)(suo)(suo)存既明,则彼我之趣可得(de)而(er)详也(ye)。夫谦之为(wei)义(yi),存乎降(jiang)(jiang)己者(zhe)也(ye)。以高从(cong)卑,以贤(xian)同(tong)鄙(bi),故谦名(ming)生(sheng)焉(yan)。孤寡不谷,人之所(suo)(suo)(suo)恶,而(er)侯王(wang)以自称,降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)贵(gui)者(zhe)也(ye)。执御执射,众之所(suo)(suo)(suo)贱(jian),而(er)君子以自目,降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)贤(xian)才也(ye)。与夫山在地中之象(xiang),其(qi)(qi)致岂殊哉!舍此二者(zhe),而(er)更求(qiu)其(qi)(qi)义(yi),虽南辕求(qiu)冥,终莫近也(ye)。
夫(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)贵(gui),故有(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)焉(yan);夫(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)美,故有(you)(you)(you)(you)谦焉(yan)。譬(pi)影响之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)形声(sheng),相与(yu)而(er)(er)(er)立。道(dao)足(zu)(zu)者(zhe),忘贵(gui)贱而(er)(er)(er)一贤(xian)愚;体(ti)公者(zhe),乘(cheng)理(li)当而(er)(er)(er)均彼(bi)我(wo)。降(jiang)(jiang)挹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,于(yu)何而(er)(er)(er)生!则(ze)谦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为美,固不(bu)可以语至(zhi)足(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),涉乎(hu)大方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)矣。然君(jun)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行己,必(bi)尚(shang)于(yu)至(zhi)当,而(er)(er)(er)必(bi)造乎(hu)匿善。至(zhi)理(li)在(zai)乎(hu)无(wu)(wu)私(si),而(er)(er)(er)动之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)己者(zhe)何?诚(cheng)由未能一观于(yu)能鄙,则(ze)贵(gui)贱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情立;非忘怀于(yu)彼(bi)我(wo),则(ze)私(si)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)累(lei)存(cun)。当其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)贵(gui)在(zai)我(wo)则(ze)矜,值其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)贤(xian)能之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)伐。处贵(gui)非矜,而(er)(er)(er)矜己者(zhe)常有(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)贵(gui);言善非伐,而(er)(er)(er)伐善者(zhe)骤称其(qi)(qi)(qi)能。是以知矜贵(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伤德者(zhe),故宅心于(yu)卑(bei)素;悟骤称之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亏理(li)者(zhe),故情存(cun)于(yu)不(bu)言。情存(cun)于(yu)不(bu)言,则(ze)善斯匿矣;宅心于(yu)卑(bei)素,则(ze)贵(gui)斯降(jiang)(jiang)矣。夫(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)况君(jun)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流,苟理(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)未尽,情有(you)(you)(you)(you)未夷,存(cun)我(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)未冥于(yu)内,岂不(bu)同心于(yu)降(jiang)(jiang)挹洗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)滞哉!体(ti)有(you)(you)(you)(you)而(er)(er)(er)拟无(wu)(wu)者(zhe),圣(sheng)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德;有(you)(you)(you)(you)累(lei)而(er)(er)(er)存(cun)理(li)者(zhe),君(jun)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。虽所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)滞不(bu)同,其(qi)(qi)(qi)于(yu)遣情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)累(lei)缘有(you)(you)(you)(you)弊而(er)(er)(er)用,降(jiang)(jiang)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)由私(si)我(wo)而(er)(er)(er)存(cun),一也。故惩忿(fen)窒欲,著(zhu)于(yu)《损》象(xiang);卑(bei)以自牧,实(shi)系《谦》爻(yao)。皆(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以存(cun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)足(zu)(zu),拂其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)余者(zhe)也。
王生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谈(tan),以(yi)至理(li)无(wu)谦,近得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。云人有争心(xin),善不可收,假(jia)后(hou)物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迹,以(yi)逃动者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患,以(yi)语圣贤则可,施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于下斯者(zhe),岂(qi)惟逃患于外(wai)。亦(yi)所(suo)以(yi)洗(xi)心(xin)于内也。
转丹阳(yang)尹、吏(li)部尚书、领军(jun)将军(jun)。既疾病,占候者云:“不宜此官。”朝廷改授太常,未拜,卒(zu),时(shi)年(nian)四十九,即赠太常。子璯,官至衡阳(yang)太守。
史(shi)臣曰:王(wang)湛门资台铉(xuan),地处膏腴,识表邻机,才惟(wei)王(wang)佐。叶宣尼之(zhi)远(yuan)契,玩(wan)道(dao)韦编(bian);遵伯(bo)阳之(zhi)幽旨,含虚牝谷。所谓天质不(bu)雕(diao),合于(yu)(yu)(yu)大朴者也。安(an)期英姿(zi)挺秀,籍(ji)甚(shen)一时(shi),朝(chao)野挹其风流,人(ren)伦推其表烛。虽崇勋懋绩有(you)阙于(yu)(yu)(yu)旂常(chang),素德清规足传(chuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)汗简矣。怀祖鉴(jian)局夷(yi)远(yuan),冲衿玉粹(cui)。坦之(zhi)墙宇疑(yi)旷,逸(yi)操金(jin)贞。腾讽庾(yu)之(zhi)良笺,情嗤语怪;演《废庄》之(zhi)宏论,道(dao)焕(huan)崇儒。或(huo)寄重文昌,允釐(li)于(yu)(yu)(yu)衮职(zhi);或(huo)任华纶阁,密勿于(yu)(yu)(yu)王(wang)言。咸能(neng)克著徽(hui)音,保其荣秩,美矣!国宝检行(xing)无闻,坐升彼相(xiang),混暗识于(yu)(yu)(yu)心镜(jing),开险路于(yu)(yu)(yu)情田。于(yu)(yu)(yu)时(shi)疆埸多(duo)虞,宪(xian)章罕备,天子居缀旒之(zhi)连,人(ren)臣微(wei)覆(fu)餗(su)之(zhi)忧。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是窃势(shi)拥权,黩明王(wang)之(zhi)彝典;穷(qiong)奢纵侈,假凶竖之(zhi)余(yu)威。绣桷雕(diao)楹,陵(ling)跨于(yu)(yu)(yu)宸极;丽珍冶质,充牣(ren)于(yu)(yu)(yu)帷房。亦犹犬彘腴肥,不(bu)知(zhi)祸之(zhi)将及。告尽私室,固其宜哉!荀景猷(you)履孝居忠(zhong),无惭往烈。范玄平(ping)陈(chen)谋献策,有(you)会时(shi)机。崧则(ze)思业该通,缉(ji)遗经于(yu)(yu)(yu)已紊(wen)。汪则(ze)风飚(biao)直亮,抗(kang)高节于(yu)(yu)(yu)将颠,扬榷而言,俱为雅士(shi)。刘韩俊爽,标置轶群,胜气笼霄(xiao),飞(fei)谈卷雾(wu),并兰芬(fen)菊耀,无绝于(yu)(yu)(yu)终古(gu)矣。
赞曰:处冲(chong)纯(chun)懿,是称奇器。养素(su)虚庭,同尘下位。雅(ya)道虽屈,高风不坠(zhui)。猗欤后胤(yin),世(shi)传清德(de)。帝室驰芬,士林扬则。国宝庸暗,托(tuo)意骄奢。既丰其(qi)屋,终蔀其(qi)家。荀范令望,金声远暢。刘(liu)韩(han)秀士,珠谈间起。异术同华(hua),葳蕤青史。
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