晋书--载记第十四
苻(fu)坚下（王猛 苻(fu)融 苻(fu)朗）
太元七年(nian)，坚(jian)(jian)飨群臣于前殿，乐奏(zou)赋诗(shi)。秦州别驾天(tian)水姜平(ping)子诗(shi)有“丁”字，直而(er)不(bu)曲。坚(jian)(jian)问其(qi)故(gu)，平(ping)子曰：“臣丁至(zhi)刚，不(bu)可(ke)以屈，且曲下者之不(bu)正(zheng)之物，未(wei)足献也。”坚(jian)(jian)笑(xiao)曰：“名不(bu)虚行。”因擢为上第(di)。
坚兄法子东海(hai)公(gong)(gong)阳与王猛子散骑(qi)侍郎(lang)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)谋反(fan)，事泄，坚问反(fan)状，阳曰：“《礼》云，父母(mu)之(zhi)仇，不(bu)(bu)同天地。臣(chen)(chen)父哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)，死不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)罪，齐(qi)襄(xiang)复(fu)九世之(zhi)仇，而(er)况臣(chen)(chen)也(ye)！”皮(pi)(pi)(pi)曰：“臣(chen)(chen)父丞(cheng)相(xiang)有佐命之(zhi)勋，而(er)臣(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)免贫(pin)馁，所以(yi)(yi)图富(fu)也(ye)。”坚流涕谓阳曰：“哀(ai)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)薨，事不(bu)(bu)在朕，卿宁不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)之(zhi)！”让皮(pi)(pi)(pi)曰：“丞(cheng)相(xiang)临终，托卿以(yi)(yi)十具(ju)牛为田，不(bu)(bu)闻为卿求位(wei)。知(zhi)子莫若(ruo)父，何斯言之(zhi)征也(ye)！”皆赦不(bu)(bu)诛，徙阳于高(gao)昌，皮(pi)(pi)(pi)于朔(shuo)方(fang)之(zhi)北。苻融以(yi)(yi)位(wei)忝宗正，不(bu)(bu)能肃遏(e)奸萌(meng)，上疏请(qing)待(dai)罪私籓。坚不(bu)(bu)许。将以(yi)(yi)融为司徒，融固辞。坚锐(rui)意荆、扬，将谋入寇，乃改授融征南大(da)将军(jun)、开府仪(yi)同三司。
新(xin)(xin)平(ping)(ping)郡献玉器(qi)。初，坚(jian)(jian)即(ji)伪位，新(xin)(xin)平(ping)(ping)王(wang)(wang)彫(diao)陈说(shuo)图(tu)谶(chen)(chen)(chen)，坚(jian)(jian)大悦，以(yi)(yi)彫(diao)为太(tai)史(shi)令。尝言于(yu)坚(jian)(jian)曰：“谨案谶(chen)(chen)(chen)云(yun)：‘古月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末乱(luan)中(zhong)州，洪水大起(qi)健西流，惟有雄子定八州。’此(ci)(ci)即(ji)三祖、陛下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣讳也。又(you)曰：‘当有ＫＩ付(fu)臣(chen)(chen)又(you)土，灭(mie)东燕(yan)，破白虏，氐在(zai)中(zhong)，华在(zai)表。’案图(tu)谶(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)，陛下(xia)当灭(mie)燕(yan)，平(ping)(ping)六州。愿徙汧、陇诸(zhu)(zhu)氐于(yu)京师，三秦大户置于(yu)边地(di)，以(yi)(yi)应图(tu)谶(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言。”坚(jian)(jian)访之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)猛(meng)，猛(meng)以(yi)(yi)彫(diao)为左道惑(huo)众，劝(quan)坚(jian)(jian)诛(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。彫(diao)临刑上疏曰：“臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)赵建武四年，从京兆刘湛(zhan)学，明(ming)于(yu)图(tu)记，谓臣(chen)(chen)曰：‘新(xin)(xin)平(ping)(ping)地(di)古颛(zhuan)顼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)墟，里名(ming)曰鸡闾。记云(yun)，此(ci)(ci)里应出帝王(wang)(wang)宝(bao)器(qi)，其名(ming)曰延寿宝(bao)鼎。颛(zhuan)顼有云(yun)，河上先(xian)生为吾隐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)咸(xian)阳西北，吾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孙(sun)有ＫＩ付(fu)臣(chen)(chen)又(you)土应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’湛(zhan)又(you)云(yun)：‘吾尝斋于(yu)室中(zhong)，夜有流星大如半月(yue)，落(luo)于(yu)此(ci)(ci)地(di)，斯(si)盖是乎！’愿陛下(xia)志(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，平(ping)(ping)七州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，出于(yu)壬午之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年。”至是而(er)新(xin)(xin)平(ping)(ping)人得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)献，器(qi)铭(ming)篆书文(wen)题之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，一为天王(wang)(wang)，二为王(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)，三为三公，四为诸(zhu)(zhu)侯，五为伯子男(nan)，六为卿大夫，七为元(yuan)(yuan)士。自(zi)此(ci)(ci)已下(xia)，考载文(wen)记，列帝王(wang)(wang)名(ming)臣(chen)(chen)，自(zi)天子王(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)，内外次序，上应天文(wen)，象(xiang)紫(zi)宫布列，依玉牒版辞，不(bu)违(wei)帝王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数。从上元(yuan)(yuan)人皇(huang)起(qi)，至中(zhong)元(yuan)(yuan)，穷于(yu)下(xia)元(yuan)(yuan)，天地(di)一变，尽三元(yuan)(yuan)而(er)止。坚(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)彫(diao)言有征，追赠光(guang)禄大夫。
幽州蝗，广(guang)袤千(qian)里，坚遣其(qi)散骑常(chang)侍刘兰(lan)持(chi)节为使(shi)者，发青、冀、幽、并百姓讨(tao)之。
以(yi)苻朗为使持节(jie)、都督青徐兗三(san)州诸军事、镇东(dong)将(jiang)军、青州刺史(shi)，以(yi)谏议大夫(fu)裴元略为陵江将(jiang)军、西夷校尉、巴(ba)西梓潼(tong)二郡太守，密授规模，令与王抚备舟师(shi)于蜀，将(jiang)以(yi)入(ru)寇。
车(che)师(shi)(shi)前部(bu)王(wang)(wang)弥窴(tian)、鄯善王(wang)(wang)休密驮(tuo)朝(chao)于(yu)坚(jian)，坚(jian)赐以(yi)(yi)朝(chao)服(fu)，引(yin)见西堂。窴(tian)等观其宫宇壮丽，仪卫(wei)严肃，甚惧，因请年(nian)年(nian)贡(gong)献。坚(jian)以(yi)(yi)西域(yu)路遥，不(bu)许，令三年(nian)一贡(gong)，九年(nian)一朝(chao)，以(yi)(yi)为永制(zhi)。窴(tian)等请曰：“大宛诸(zhu)国虽(sui)(sui)通贡(gong)献，然诚节(jie)未纯，请乞依汉置都护故(gu)事。若王(wang)(wang)师(shi)(shi)出关，请为乡导。”坚(jian)于(yu)是以(yi)(yi)骁骑(qi)吕光(guang)为持节(jie)、都督西讨(tao)诸(zhu)军事，与(yu)陵(ling)江将(jiang)军姜飞、轻(qing)骑(qi)将(jiang)军彭晃(huang)等配兵七万，以(yi)(yi)讨(tao)定西域(yu)。苻融以(yi)(yi)虚(xu)秏中国，投兵万里之外，得(de)其人不(bu)可(ke)役，得(de)其地不(bu)可(ke)耕，固谏(jian)以(yi)(yi)为不(bu)可(ke)。坚(jian)曰：“二汉力不(bu)能制(zhi)匈奴，犹(you)出师(shi)(shi)西域(yu)。今匈奴既平，易若摧朽，虽(sui)(sui)劳(lao)师(shi)(shi)远役，可(ke)传檄而定，化(hua)被昆山，垂芳千载，不(bu)亦(yi)美哉！”朝(chao)臣(chen)又屡(lv)谏(jian)，皆不(bu)纳(na)。
晋将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)硃(zhu)绰焚践沔北(bei)屯田，掠六(liu)(liu)百(bai)余户而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)还。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)引群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)会(hui)(hui)议，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)统承大(da)(da)(da)业垂(chui)(chui)二(er)十载，芟(shan)夷逋秽，四(si)方略(lve)定(ding)(ding)，惟东南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)一(yi)隅未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾王(wang)化(hua)。吾(wu)每思天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)一(yi)，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尝不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)临食辍餔(bu)，今(jin)(jin)欲(yu)(yu)起天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)兵(bing)(bing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。略(lve)计兵(bing)(bing)杖(zhang)精卒，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)有(you)(you)九十七万(wan)，吾(wu)将(jiang)(jiang)躬(gong)先启(qi)行(xing)，薄(bo)伐(fa)(fa)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)裔，于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)卿意何(he)如(ru)(ru)？”秘书监硃(zhu)彤曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)应天(tian)顺时(shi)，恭行(xing)天(tian)罚(fa)，啸咤则(ze)五岳摧覆(fu)，呼(hu)吸则(ze)江海(hai)绝流(liu)(liu)，若(ruo)(ruo)一(yi)举(ju)百(bai)万(wan)，必(bi)有(you)(you)征无(wu)(wu)战(zhan)。晋主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)自当衔璧舆榇(chen)，启(qi)颡军(jun)门，若(ruo)(ruo)迷(mi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)弗悟，必(bi)逃死江海(hai)，猛将(jiang)(jiang)追之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，即可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)赐命(ming)(ming)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)巢(chao)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人，还之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桑(sang)梓。然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)回(hui)驾(jia)岱宗，告成封(feng)禅，起白云于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)坛，受万(wan)岁(sui)(sui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)岳，尔则(ze)终古一(yi)时(shi)，书契未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)悦曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”左仆射权(quan)翼进(jin)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)晋未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伐(fa)(fa)。夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)(wu)道(dao)(dao)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)离心，八百(bai)诸(zhu)侯不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)谋(mou)(mou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)至(zhi)，武(wu)王(wang)犹曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)彼有(you)(you)人焉，回(hui)师(shi)止(zhi)(zhi)旆。三仁(ren)诛放，然(ran)(ran)后(hou)(hou)奋戈牧野。今(jin)(jin)晋道(dao)(dao)虽(sui)(sui)(sui)微，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)闻丧德(de)(de)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)和睦，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)同心。谢安(an)(an)(an)(an)、桓冲(chong)，江表伟才，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)谓(wei)晋有(you)(you)人焉。臣(chen)(chen)闻师(shi)克在(zai)(zai)(zai)和，今(jin)(jin)晋和矣，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)图(tu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)默然(ran)(ran)久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“诸(zhu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)各言(yan)(yan)其(qi)志。”太(tai)子左卫率石越对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吴人恃险(xian)偏隅，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宾王(wang)命(ming)(ming)，陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)亲御(yu)六(liu)(liu)师(shi)，问(wen)罪衡、越，诚合人神(shen)(shen)四(si)海(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)望。但(dan)(dan)今(jin)(jin)岁(sui)(sui)镇星(xing)守斗牛，福德(de)(de)有(you)(you)吴。悬(xuan)象无(wu)(wu)差，弗可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)犯也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且晋中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宗，籓王(wang)耳(er)，夷夏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，咸共推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，遗(yi)爱犹在(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人。昌(chang)明(ming)，其(qi)孙(sun)(sun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，国(guo)有(you)(you)长江之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)险(xian)，朝无(wu)(wu)昏(hun)贰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衅。臣(chen)(chen)愚以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)利(li)用修德(de)(de)，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宜动师(shi)。孔子曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘远人不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服，修文德(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’愿(yuan)保境(jing)养兵(bing)(bing)，伺其(qi)虚隙。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吾(wu)闻武(wu)王(wang)伐(fa)(fa)纣，逆岁(sui)(sui)犯星(xing)。天(tian)道(dao)(dao)幽远，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔夫差威陵上(shang)国(guo)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)句(ju)践所灭(mie)。仲(zhong)谋(mou)(mou)泽洽(qia)全吴，孙(sun)(sun)皓因三代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业，龙骧一(yi)呼(hu)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)面缚，虽(sui)(sui)(sui)有(you)(you)长江，其(qi)能(neng)固乎(hu)！以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吾(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众旅，投(tou)鞭(bian)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)江，足(zu)(zu)断(duan)其(qi)流(liu)(liu)。”越曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)闻纣为(wei)(wei)无(wu)(wu)道(dao)(dao)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)患之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。夫差淫虐，孙(sun)(sun)皓昏(hun)暴(bao)，众叛亲离，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)败也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)晋虽(sui)(sui)(sui)无(wu)(wu)德(de)(de)，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)斯罪，深愿(yuan)厉兵(bing)(bing)积粟(su)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)待天(tian)时(shi)。”群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)各有(you)(you)异(yi)同，庭议者(zhe)久之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“所谓(wei)筑室于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)道(dao)(dao)，沮计万(wan)端(duan)，吾(wu)当内断(duan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)心矣。”群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)出后(hou)(hou)，独留苻融(rong)议之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“自古大(da)(da)(da)事(shi)，定(ding)(ding)策者(zhe)一(yi)两人而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，群(qun)议纷纭(yun)，徒(tu)乱(luan)人意，吾(wu)当与汝决(jue)(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”融(rong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“岁(sui)(sui)镇在(zai)(zai)(zai)斗牛，吴、越之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)(fa)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晋主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)休明(ming)，朝臣(chen)(chen)用命(ming)(ming)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)(fa)二(er)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。我数(shu)战(zhan)，兵(bing)(bing)疲将(jiang)(jiang)倦，有(you)(you)惮敌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)(fa)三也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸(zhu)言(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)者(zhe)，策之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，愿(yuan)陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)纳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)作色(se)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“汝复(fu)如(ru)(ru)此(ci)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，吾(wu)当谁与言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！今(jin)(jin)有(you)(you)众百(bai)万(wan)，资仗(zhang)如(ru)(ru)山(shan)，吾(wu)虽(sui)(sui)(sui)未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)称令主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)暗劣。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)累捷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威，击垂(chui)(chui)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寇(kou)，何(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)克之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)乎(hu)！吾(wu)终不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)贼(zei)(zei)遗(yi)子孙(sun)(sun)，为(wei)(wei)宗庙社稷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忧(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”融(rong)泣(qi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“吴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)伐(fa)(fa)昭(zhao)然(ran)(ran)，虚劳(lao)(lao)大(da)(da)(da)举(ju)，必(bi)无(wu)(wu)功而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)反。臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所忧(you)，非(fei)此(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)。陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)宠(chong)育鲜(xian)卑、羌、羯，布诸(zhu)畿甸，旧人族类，斥徙遐方。今(jin)(jin)倾国(guo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)去(qu)，如(ru)(ru)有(you)(you)风尘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变者(zhe)，其(qi)如(ru)(ru)宗庙何(he)！监国(guo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)弱卒数(shu)万(wan)留守京(jing)师(shi)，鲜(xian)卑、羌、羯攒聚如(ru)(ru)林，此(ci)皆国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贼(zei)(zei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，我之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)恐非(fei)但(dan)(dan)徒(tu)返(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，亦未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)必(bi)万(wan)全。臣(chen)(chen)智识愚浅，诚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)采(cai)；王(wang)景(jing)略(lve)一(yi)时(shi)奇士，陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)每拟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔明(ming)，其(qi)临终之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)忘也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纳。游于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)东苑(yuan)，命(ming)(ming)沙门道(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)同辇(nian)(nian)(nian)。权(quan)翼谏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)闻天(tian)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)驾(jia)，侍中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)陪(pei)乘，清(qing)道(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)，进(jin)止(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)度(du)。三代(dai)末(mo)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，或亏大(da)(da)(da)伦，适(shi)一(yi)时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，书恶来世。故班姬(ji)辞辇(nian)(nian)(nian)，垂(chui)(chui)美无(wu)(wu)穷(qiong)。道(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)毁形贱士，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜参秽神(shen)(shen)舆。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)作色(se)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“安(an)(an)(an)(an)公(gong)(gong)道(dao)(dao)冥至(zhi)境(jing)，德(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)时(shi)尊。朕举(ju)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重，未(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。非(fei)公(gong)(gong)与辇(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荣，此(ci)乃朕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)显也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”命(ming)(ming)翼扶安(an)(an)(an)(an)升辇(nian)(nian)(nian)，顾谓(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“朕将(jiang)(jiang)与公(gong)(gong)南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)游吴、越，整六(liu)(liu)师(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)巡(xun)狩，谒(ye)虞陵于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)疑(yi)岭，瞻禹穴于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)会(hui)(hui)稽，泛长江，临沧海(hai)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亦乐乎(hu)！”安(an)(an)(an)(an)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)应天(tian)御(yu)世，居中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)土而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)制四(si)维，逍遥顺时(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)适(shi)圣(sheng)躬(gong)，动则(ze)鸣銮清(qing)道(dao)(dao)，止(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)神(shen)(shen)栖无(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei)，端(duan)拱而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)化(hua)，与尧、舜比隆(long)，何(he)为(wei)(wei)劳(lao)(lao)身(shen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)驰骑，口倦于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)经略(lve)，栉风沐雨(yu)。蒙尘野次乎(hu)？且东南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)区区，地(di)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)气疠(li)，虞舜游而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)返(fan)，大(da)(da)(da)禹适(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)弗归，何(he)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)劳(lao)(lao)神(shen)(shen)驾(jia)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)困(kun)苍生(sheng)(sheng)。《诗》云：‘惠此(ci)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)绥四(si)方。’苟文德(de)(de)足(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)怀(huai)远，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)烦寸(cun)兵(bing)(bing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)坐宾百(bai)越。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“非(fei)为(wei)(wei)地(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)广、人不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，但(dan)(dan)思混一(yi)六(liu)(liu)合，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)济苍生(sheng)(sheng)。天(tian)生(sheng)(sheng)蒸庶，树之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)者(zhe)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)除烦去(qu)乱(luan)，安(an)(an)(an)(an)得惮劳(lao)(lao)！朕既大(da)(da)(da)运所钟，将(jiang)(jiang)简天(tian)心以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)天(tian)罚(fa)。高辛有(you)(you)熊泉(quan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役，唐尧有(you)(you)丹水之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)师(shi)，此(ci)皆著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)典，昭(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)王(wang)。诚如(ru)(ru)公(gong)(gong)言(yan)(yan)，帝王(wang)无(wu)(wu)省方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文乎(hu)？且朕此(ci)行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义举(ju)耳(er)，使(shi)流(liu)(liu)度(du)衣冠(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胄(zhou)，还其(qi)墟坟，复(fu)其(qi)桑(sang)梓，止(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)济难铨才，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)欲(yu)(yu)穷(qiong)兵(bing)(bing)极武(wu)。”安(an)(an)(an)(an)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“若(ruo)(ruo)銮驾(jia)必(bi)欲(yu)(yu)亲动，犹不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)愿(yuan)远涉江、淮，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)暂幸洛(luo)阳(yang)(yang)，明(ming)授胜略(lve)，驰纸檄于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)丹阳(yang)(yang)，开其(qi)改迷(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)路。如(ru)(ru)其(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)庭，伐(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纳。先是，群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)信重道(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)，谓(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)上(shang)欲(yu)(yu)有(you)(you)事(shi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)东南(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)，公(gong)(gong)何(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)苍生(sheng)(sheng)致一(yi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)！”故安(an)(an)(an)(an)因此(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)谏。苻融(rong)及(ji)(ji)尚书原绍(shao)、石越等上(shang)书面谏，前(qian)后(hou)(hou)数(shu)十，坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)终不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)少子中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)山(shan)公(gong)(gong)诜有(you)(you)宠(chong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，又谏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“臣(chen)(chen)闻季梁在(zai)(zai)(zai)随(sui)，楚人惮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；宫(gong)奇在(zai)(zai)(zai)虞，晋不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)窥兵(bing)(bing)。国(guo)有(you)(you)人焉故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。及(ji)(ji)谋(mou)(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)亡不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)淹(yan)岁(sui)(sui)。前(qian)车(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)覆(fu)轨，后(hou)(hou)车(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)鉴。阳(yang)(yang)平公(gong)(gong)，国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谋(mou)(mou)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)违之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；晋有(you)(you)谢安(an)(an)(an)(an)、桓冲(chong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)伐(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。是行(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，臣(chen)(chen)窃惑焉。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“国(guo)有(you)(you)元(yuan)龟。可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)(jue)大(da)(da)(da)谋(mou)(mou)；朝有(you)(you)公(gong)(gong)卿，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)进(jin)否。孺子言(yan)(yan)焉，将(jiang)(jiang)为(wei)(wei)戮也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”
所司(si)奏刘(liu)兰讨蝗幽州(zhou)，经(jing)秋冬(dong)不灭，请征下廷尉诏狱。坚曰：“灾降自(zi)天(tian)，殆非人力所能(neng)除也。此自(zi)朕之政违所致，兰何罪(zui)焉！”
明年，吕光发长安，坚(jian)送(song)于建章宫，谓光曰：“西戎荒俗(su)，非礼义之(zhi)(zhi)邦。羁縻之(zhi)(zhi)道，服(fu)而赦之(zhi)(zhi)，示以中国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)威，导以王(wang)化之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，勿极(ji)武穷(qiong)兵，过深(shen)残(can)掠(lve)。”加鄯善王(wang)休密驮使持节、散骑常侍、都(dou)督西域诸军(jun)事、宁西将军(jun)，车师前(qian)部王(wang)弥窴使持节、平西将军(jun)、西域都(dou)护，率其国(guo)兵为光乡导。
是年，益州西南夷、海南诸国(guo)皆遣使贡其(qi)方(fang)物。
坚南(nan)(nan)游灞(ba)上，从(cong)容谓(wei)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)曰(yue)(yue)：“轩(xuan)辕，大(da)(da)(da)圣(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)仁若(ruo)(ruo)天(tian)，其(qi)智若(ruo)(ruo)神(shen)，犹随不(bu)(bu)顺(shun)者从(cong)而(er)(er)征(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，居无(wu)(wu)常所，以(yi)兵(bing)为卫，故(gu)能日(ri)月所照，风雨所至(zhi)(zhi)，莫不(bu)(bu)率从(cong)。今(jin)天(tian)下(xia)垂(chui)平，惟东(dong)南(nan)(nan)未(wei)殄(tian)。朕忝荷(he)大(da)(da)(da)业，巨责(ze)攸归，岂(qi)敢优游卒岁(sui)，不(bu)(bu)建(jian)大(da)(da)(da)同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业！每思(si)桓(huan)温之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寇也(ye)(ye)(ye)，江东(dong)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)灭(mie)。今(jin)有(you)劲卒百(bai)(bai)万，文(wen)武(wu)如林(lin)，鼓行(xing)而(er)(er)摧遗(yi)晋(jin)，若(ruo)(ruo)商风之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)陨秋箨。朝廷内(nei)外(wai)(wai)，皆言不(bu)(bu)可(ke)，吾(wu)实未(wei)解所由(you)。晋(jin)武(wu)若(ruo)(ruo)信朝士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)征(zheng)吴者，天(tian)下(xia)何(he)(he)由(you)一(yi)轨！吾(wu)计决矣(yi)，不(bu)(bu)复与诸卿议也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”太(tai)子(zi)(zi)宏进曰(yue)(yue)：“吴今(jin)得岁(sui)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)伐也(ye)(ye)(ye)。且晋(jin)主(zhu)无(wu)(wu)罪，人为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)；谢(xie)安(an)(an)、桓(huan)冲兄弟皆一(yi)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俊(jun)才，君(jun)臣(chen)(chen)戮力，阻险长(zhang)江，未(wei)可(ke)图也(ye)(ye)(ye)。但可(ke)厉兵(bing)积粟，以(yi)待暴(bao)主(zhu)，一(yi)举(ju)而(er)(er)灭(mie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今(jin)若(ruo)(ruo)动而(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)功(gong)，则威名(ming)损于(yu)(yu)外(wai)(wai)，资财(cai)竭于(yu)(yu)内(nei)。是(shi)故(gu)圣(sheng)(sheng)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)师也(ye)(ye)(ye)，内(nei)断必诚，然(ran)后用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。彼若(ruo)(ruo)凭长(zhang)江以(yi)固守，徙江北百(bai)(bai)姓于(yu)(yu)江南(nan)(nan)，增城清野，杜(du)门不(bu)(bu)战，我已(yi)疲矣(yi)，彼未(wei)引弓。土下(xia)气疠(li)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)久(jiu)(jiu)留，陛下(xia)将若(ruo)(ruo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)(he)？”坚曰(yue)(yue)：“往(wang)年车骑灭(mie)燕，亦(yi)犯岁(sui)而(er)(er)捷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。天(tian)道(dao)幽远(yuan)，非汝(ru)所知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔(xi)始皇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)灭(mie)六(liu)国，其(qi)王(wang)岂(qi)皆暴(bao)乎？且吾(wu)内(nei)断于(yu)(yu)心久(jiu)(jiu)矣(yi)，举(ju)必克(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，何(he)(he)为无(wu)(wu)功(gong)！吾(wu)方(fang)命蛮夷(yi)以(yi)攻(gong)其(qi)内(nei)，精(jing)甲劲兵(bing)以(yi)攻(gong)其(qi)外(wai)(wai)，内(nei)外(wai)(wai)如此(ci)，安(an)(an)有(you)不(bu)(bu)克(ke)！”道(dao)安(an)(an)曰(yue)(yue)：“太(tai)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，愿陛下(xia)纳(na)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”坚弗从(cong)。冠军(jun)慕容垂(chui)言于(yu)(yu)坚曰(yue)(yue)：“陛下(xia)德侔轩(xuan)、唐(tang)，功(gong)高汤、武(wu)，威泽被于(yu)(yu)八表(biao)，远(yuan)夷(yi)重译(yi)而(er)(er)归。司(si)马(ma)昌明因余烬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)资，敢距王(wang)命，是(shi)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)诛，法将安(an)(an)措！孙氏跨僭(jian)江东(dong)，终并(bing)于(yu)(yu)晋(jin)，其(qi)势然(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)闻小(xiao)不(bu)(bu)敌大(da)(da)(da)，弱不(bu)(bu)御强(qiang)，况大(da)(da)(da)秦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)应符，陛下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng)(sheng)武(wu)，强(qiang)兵(bing)百(bai)(bai)万，韩、白盈(ying)朝，而(er)(er)令其(qi)偷魂(hun)假号，以(yi)贼(zei)虏遗(yi)子(zi)(zi)孙哉！《诗》云：‘筑(zhu)室(shi)于(yu)(yu)道(dao)谋(mou)，是(shi)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)溃于(yu)(yu)成。’陛下(xia)内(nei)断神(shen)谋(mou)足矣(yi)，不(bu)(bu)烦(fan)广访朝臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)乱圣(sheng)(sheng)虑。昔(xi)晋(jin)武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)平吴也(ye)(ye)(ye)，言可(ke)者张、杜(du)数贤(xian)而(er)(er)已(yi)，若(ruo)(ruo)采群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言，岂(qi)能建(jian)不(bu)(bu)世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)！谚云凭天(tian)俟时，时已(yi)至(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，其(qi)可(ke)已(yi)乎！”坚大(da)(da)(da)悦，曰(yue)(yue)：“与吾(wu)定天(tian)下(xia)者，其(qi)惟卿耳(er)。”赐帛五(wu)百(bai)(bai)匹(pi)。
彗星(xing)扫(sao)东井。自坚之建元十七年四月，长安有水影，远观若水，视地则见人，至是则止。坚恶之。上林竹死，洛阳地陷。
晋车(che)骑将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)桓冲(chong)率(lv)众十(shi)万(wan)伐(fa)坚(jian)，遂攻(gong)襄阳。遣(qian)前将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)刘波(bo)、冠军(jun)(jun)桓石(shi)虔、振威桓石(shi)民(min)攻(gong)沔北诸城(cheng)；辅国杨(yang)亮(liang)伐(fa)蜀，攻(gong)拔伍城(cheng)，进攻(gong)涪(fu)城(cheng)，龙骧(xiang)胡(hu)彬(bin)攻(gong)下蔡；鹰扬郭铨(quan)攻(gong)武当(dang)(dang)；冲(chong)别将(jiang)攻(gong)万(wan)岁城(cheng)，拔之。坚(jian)大(da)怒，遣(qian)其子(zi)征(zheng)南(nan)睿(rui)(rui)(rui)及冠军(jun)(jun)慕容(rong)垂(chui)、左卫(wei)毛当(dang)(dang)率(lv)步(bu)骑五万(wan)救(jiu)襄阳，扬武张(zhang)(zhang)崇救(jiu)武当(dang)(dang)，后(hou)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)张(zhang)(zhang)蚝(hao)、步(bu)兵校尉姚苌(chang)救(jiu)涪(fu)城(cheng)。睿(rui)(rui)(rui)次新野(ye)，垂(chui)次邓城(cheng)。王师败张(zhang)(zhang)崇于武当(dang)(dang)，掠二千余户而归。睿(rui)(rui)(rui)遣(qian)垂(chui)及骁骑石(shi)越(yue)为(wei)前锋，次于沔水。垂(chui)、越(yue)夜命(ming)三军(jun)(jun)人持十(shi)炬火(huo)，系炬于树枝，光照十(shi)数里中。冲(chong)惧，退(tui)还(hai)上明。张(zhang)(zhang)蚝(hao)出斜谷，杨(yang)亮(liang)亦引兵退(tui)归。
坚(jian)下(xia)书悉发(fa)诸(zhu)州公私马，人十丁遣一兵(bing)。门在灼(zhuo)然者，为(wei)崇(chong)文义从。良(liang)家(jia)子(zi)年(nian)二(er)十已下(xia)，武艺骁勇，富室材雄(xiong)者，皆拜羽林郎。下(xia)书期克捷之日，以帝为(wei)尚书左仆射，谢安为(wei)吏部尚书，桓冲(chong)为(wei)侍(shi)中，并立第以待(dai)之。良(liang)家(jia)子(zi)至者三万余(yu)骑。其(qi)秦州主(zhu)簿(bu)金(jin)城赵(zhao)盛之为(wei)建威将军(jun)、少年(nian)都统。遣征南(nan)苻(fu)融、骠骑张(zhang)蚝(hao)、抚(fu)军(jun)苻(fu)方、卫(wei)军(jun)梁成、平南(nan)慕(mu)容(rong)、冠军(jun)慕(mu)容(rong)垂率步骑二(er)十五万为(wei)前锋。坚(jian)发(fa)长(zhang)安，戎卒(zu)六十余(yu)万，骑二(er)十七万，前后千里，旗(qi)鼓相望。坚(jian)至项城，凉(liang)州之兵(bing)始达(da)咸阳，蜀汉之军(jun)顺(shun)流而下(xia)，幽、冀(ji)之众至于(yu)彭城，东西万里，水(shui)陆齐进。运漕万艘，自河(he)入(ru)石门，达(da)于(yu)汝、颍。
融(rong)等(deng)攻陷(xian)寿春，执晋(jin)平虏将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)徐元喜、安丰太(tai)守王(wang)(wang)先。垂攻陷(xian)郧(yun)城，害晋(jin)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)王(wang)(wang)太(tai)丘。梁成(cheng)(cheng)与其扬(yang)州刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)显(xian)、弋阳太(tai)守王(wang)(wang)咏等(deng)率(lv)众五(wu)万，屯(tun)于(yu)洛涧(jian)，栅(zha)淮(huai)以(yi)遏东军(jun)。成(cheng)(cheng)频败王(wang)(wang)师。晋(jin)遣(qian)都督谢石、徐州刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)(shi)谢玄、豫州刺(ci)史(shi)(shi)(shi)桓伊、辅国谢琰等(deng)水陆(lu)七万，相继距融(rong)，去洛涧(jian)二十五(wu)里，惮成(cheng)(cheng)不进(jin)。龙骧将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)胡(hu)彬先保硖石，为融(rong)所逼(bi)，粮尽，诈(zha)扬(yang)沙以(yi)示融(rong)军(jun)，潜遣(qian)使告石等(deng)曰(yue)：“今(jin)贼盛粮尽，恐不见大军(jun)。”融(rong)军(jun)人(ren)获而(er)送(song)之(zhi)(zhi)。融(rong)乃(nai)驰使白坚曰(yue)：“贼少易俘，但惧其越逸，宜速进(jin)众军(jun)，掎禽贼帅。”坚大悦，恐石等(deng)遁也(ye)，舍大军(jun)于(yu)项城，以(yi)轻骑八(ba)千(qian)兼(jian)道(dao)赴(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)，令军(jun)人(ren)曰(yue)：“敢(gan)言(yan)吾至寿春者拔舌。”故石等(deng)弗知(zhi)。晋(jin)龙骧将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)刘牢(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)率(lv)劲卒(zu)五(wu)千(qian)，夜袭梁成(cheng)(cheng)垒，克之(zhi)(zhi)，斩成(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)王(wang)(wang)显(xian)、王(wang)(wang)咏等(deng)十将(jiang)(jiang)，士(shi)卒(zu)死者万五(wu)千(qian)。谢石等(deng)以(yi)既败梁成(cheng)(cheng)，水陆(lu)继进(jin)。坚与苻(fu)融(rong)登城而(er)望王(wang)(wang)师，见部阵(zhen)齐整，将(jiang)(jiang)士(shi)精锐，又(you)北(bei)望八(ba)公山上草木(mu)，皆类(lei)人(ren)形，顾谓融(rong)曰(yue)：“此(ci)亦勍敌(di)也(ye)，何谓少乎！”怃然(ran)有惧色。初，朝廷闻坚入寇，会(hui)稽王(wang)(wang)道(dao)子以(yi)威仪鼓吹(chui)求助(zhu)于(yu)钟山之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)，奉以(yi)相国之(zhi)(zhi)号。及(ji)坚之(zhi)(zhi)见草木(mu)状人(ren)，若有力(li)焉。
坚(jian)(jian)遣其(qi)(qi)尚(shang)书硃序说(shuo)石等以(yi)众(zhong)盛，欲(yu)(yu)胁而降之(zhi)。序诡谓石曰(yue)：“若(ruo)秦(qin)百万之(zhi)众(zhong)皆(jie)(jie)至(zhi)(zhi)，则莫可敌也(ye)(ye)。及其(qi)(qi)众(zhong)军(jun)(jun)未集(ji)，宜在(zai)速战(zhan)。若(ruo)挫其(qi)(qi)前(qian)锋，可以(yi)得志。”石闻坚(jian)(jian)在(zai)寿春也(ye)(ye)，惧，谋(mou)不(bu)战(zhan)以(yi)疲(pi)之(zhi)。谢(xie)琰劝从序言(yan)(yan)，遣使请战(zhan)，许之(zhi)。时张蚝败谢(xie)石于(yu)(yu)(yu)肥南(nan)，谢(xie)玄、谢(xie)琰勒卒数万，阵以(yi)待之(zhi)。蚝乃退(tui)，列阵逼(bi)肥水(shui)。王师(shi)不(bu)得渡(du)，遣使谓融曰(yue)：“君悬(xuan)军(jun)(jun)深入，置(zhi)阵逼(bi)水(shui)，此持(chi)久之(zhi)计(ji)，岂欲(yu)(yu)战(zhan)者(zhe)乎(hu)(hu)？若(ruo)小退(tui)师(shi)，令将士周(zhou)旋，仆与君公(gong)(gong)缓(huan)辔而观之(zhi)，不(bu)亦美乎(hu)(hu)！”融于(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)麾军(jun)(jun)却阵，欲(yu)(yu)因其(qi)(qi)济水(shui)，覆而取之(zhi)。军(jun)(jun)遂(sui)奔退(tui)，制之(zhi)不(bu)可止。融驰骑略(lve)阵，马倒被杀，军(jun)(jun)遂(sui)大败。王师(shi)乘胜(sheng)追击，至(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)青冈，死者(zhe)相枕。坚(jian)(jian)为(wei)流(liu)(liu)矢(shi)所中，单(dan)骑遁(dun)还于(yu)(yu)(yu)淮北，饥(ji)甚，人(ren)有进壶飧豚髀(bi)者(zhe)，坚(jian)(jian)食之(zhi)，大悦，曰(yue)：“昔公(gong)(gong)孙豆粥(zhou)何以(yi)加(jia)也(ye)(ye)！”使赐(ci)帛十(shi)(shi)匹，绵十(shi)(shi)斤。辞曰(yue)：“臣闻白(bai)龙厌天(tian)池(chi)之(zhi)乐而见困豫且(qie)，陛(bi)下目所睹也(ye)(ye)，耳所闻也(ye)(ye)。今蒙尘之(zhi)难，岂自天(tian)乎(hu)(hu)！且(qie)妄施不(bu)为(wei)惠，妄受(shou)不(bu)为(wei)忠。陛(bi)下，臣之(zhi)父母也(ye)(ye)，安有子养而求(qiu)报哉(zai)！”弗顾而退(tui)。坚(jian)(jian)大惭(can)，顾谓其(qi)(qi)夫人(ren)张氏曰(yue)：“朕若(ruo)用朝臣之(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，岂见今日之(zhi)事邪！当何面目复临天(tian)下乎(hu)(hu)？”潸然流(liu)(liu)涕而去(qu)。闻风(feng)声鹤唳，皆(jie)(jie)谓晋师(shi)之(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)仆射张天(tian)锡(xi)、尚(shang)书硃序及徐(xu)元喜等皆(jie)(jie)归顺。初，谚言(yan)(yan)“坚(jian)(jian)不(bu)出(chu)项”，群臣劝坚(jian)(jian)停(ting)项，为(wei)六军(jun)(jun)声镇，坚(jian)(jian)不(bu)从，故败。
诸(zhu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)悉溃(kui)，惟慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)垂(chui)一(yi)军(jun)(jun)(jun)独(du)全，坚以千(qian)余(yu)骑赴(fu)之。垂(chui)子宝劝垂(chui)杀坚，垂(chui)不从，乃以兵属坚。初，慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)屯郧城，姜(jiang)成(cheng)等守漳口，晋随(sui)郡太守夏侯澄攻姜(jiang)成(cheng)，斩之，弃其众(zhong)奔还。坚收离(li)集散(san)，比至洛阳(yang)，众(zhong)十余(yu)万，百官威仪军(jun)(jun)(jun)容(rong)(rong)粗备(bei)。未及关(guan)而(er)(er)垂(chui)有贰志，说坚请巡抚(fu)燕、岱，并(bing)求拜(bai)墓，坚许之。权(quan)翼(yi)固谏(jian)以为(wei)不可(ke)，坚不从。寻惧垂(chui)为(wei)变，悔之，遣骁骑石越率(lv)卒三千(qian)戍鄴，骠(piao)骑张(zhang)蚝率(lv)羽林五(wu)千(qian)戍并(bing)州，留兵四(si)千(qian)配镇军(jun)(jun)(jun)毛当戍洛阳(yang)。坚至自淮南，次于长(zhang)安东之行宫，哭苻融而(er)(er)后入，告罪于其太庙，赦(she)殊死(si)已(yi)下，文武增位一(yi)级，厉兵课农，存恤孤老，诸(zhu)士卒不返(fan)者皆复其家终世。赠融大司马，谥曰哀公。
卫军从事中郎丁零(ling)(ling)、翟(zhai)斌反于河(he)南(nan)，长乐公(gong)苻丕遣慕容垂(chui)(chui)及苻飞龙(long)(long)讨之(zhi)。垂(chui)(chui)南(nan)结丁零(ling)(ling)，杀飞龙(long)(long)，尽坑(keng)其众。豫州牧、平原公(gong)苻晖遣毛(mao)当击翟(zhai)斌，为(wei)斌所(suo)败，当死之(zhi)。垂(chui)(chui)子农(nong)亡奔列(lie)人，招(zhao)集群(qun)盗，众至万(wan)数千。丕遣石(shi)越击之(zhi)，为(wei)农(nong)所(suo)败，越死之(zhi)。垂(chui)(chui)引丁零(ling)(ling)、乌丸之(zhi)众二十余(yu)万(wan)，为(wei)飞梯地道以攻鄴城(cheng)。
慕容(rong)弟燕故济北王(wang)泓(hong)(hong)先为北地(di)长史，闻垂(chui)攻鄴，亡(wang)命奔(ben)关东(dong)，收诸(zhu)马(ma)牧(mu)鲜卑(bei)，众至数千，还屯华阴。慕容(rong)乃潜使诸(zhu)弟及宗人起(qi)兵于外(wai)。坚遣(qian)将军强(qiang)永率骑(qi)击之，为泓(hong)(hong)所败，泓(hong)(hong)众遂(sui)盛，自称使持节、大(da)都督陕(shan)西诸(zhu)军事、大(da)将军、雍州牧(mu)、济北王(wang)，推叔父垂(chui)为丞相、都督陕(shan)东(dong)诸(zhu)军事、领大(da)司马(ma)、冀州牧(mu)、吴王(wang)。
坚(jian)(jian)(jian)谓(wei)权翼(yi)(yi)曰：“吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)卿(qing)(qing)言(yan)，鲜卑至(zhi)是。关(guan)东(dong)(dong)之(zhi)地，吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)(fu)与之(zhi)争(zheng)，将(jiang)若泓(hong)(hong)(hong)何？”翼(yi)(yi)曰：“寇不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)长。慕(mu)(mu)容垂正(zheng)可(ke)(ke)据山东(dong)(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乱(luan)(luan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)暇(xia)近逼。今及宗族(zu)种类尽在京师(shi)(shi)，鲜卑之(zhi)众(zhong)(zhong)布(bu)于(yu)畿(ji)甸，实社稷之(zhi)元忧，宜(yi)遣(qian)重将(jiang)讨(tao)之(zhi)。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)乃以(yi)(yi)(yi)广平(ping)公(gong)苻(fu)熙为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)使(shi)持节、都(dou)督雍州杂戎诸军(jun)事、镇东(dong)(dong)大(da)(da)(da)将(jiang)军(jun)、雍州刺(ci)史，镇蒲坂。征苻(fu)睿(rui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)都(dou)督中(zhong)外诸军(jun)事、卫大(da)(da)(da)将(jiang)军(jun)、司隶校(xiao)尉、录尚书(shu)事，配兵(bing)(bing)五(wu)万以(yi)(yi)(yi)左将(jiang)军(jun)窦(dou)冲(chong)(chong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)长史，龙骧(xiang)姚(yao)苌为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)司马，讨(tao)泓(hong)(hong)(hong)于(yu)华泽。平(ping)阳太守慕(mu)(mu)容冲(chong)(chong)起兵(bing)(bing)河东(dong)(dong)，有(you)众(zhong)(zhong)二万，进攻蒲坂，坚(jian)(jian)(jian)命窦(dou)冲(chong)(chong)讨(tao)之(zhi)。苻(fu)睿(rui)勇果轻(qing)敌，不(bu)(bu)(bu)恤士(shi)众(zhong)(zhong)。泓(hong)(hong)(hong)闻其至(zhi)也，惧(ju)，率众(zhong)(zhong)将(jiang)奔(ben)关(guan)东(dong)(dong)，睿(rui)驰兵(bing)(bing)要之(zhi)。姚(yao)苌谏(jian)曰：“鲜卑有(you)思归(gui)之(zhi)心(xin)，宜(yi)驱(qu)令出关(guan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)遏也。”睿(rui)弗从(cong)，战(zhan)于(yu)华泽，睿(rui)败绩，被杀。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)怒(nu)。苌惧(ju)诛，遂叛(pan)。窦(dou)冲(chong)(chong)击慕(mu)(mu)容冲(chong)(chong)于(yu)河东(dong)(dong)，大(da)(da)(da)破(po)之(zhi)，冲(chong)(chong)率骑八千奔(ben)于(yu)泓(hong)(hong)(hong)军(jun)。泓(hong)(hong)(hong)众(zhong)(zhong)至(zhi)十余万，遣(qian)使(shi)谓(wei)坚(jian)(jian)(jian)曰：“秦(qin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)无(wu)道，灭(mie)我社稷。今天诱(you)其衷，使(shi)秦(qin)师(shi)(shi)倾(qing)败，将(jiang)欲兴(xing)复(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)燕(yan)。吴(wu)王(wang)已(yi)(yi)定关(guan)东(dong)(dong)，可(ke)(ke)速资备大(da)(da)(da)驾，奉送家(jia)兄(xiong)皇(huang)帝并宗室功臣之(zhi)家(jia)。泓(hong)(hong)(hong)当(dang)率关(guan)中(zhong)燕(yan)人(ren)(ren)，翼(yi)(yi)卫皇(huang)帝，还返鄴都(dou)，与秦(qin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)武牢(lao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)界(jie)，分王(wang)天下，永为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)邻好，不(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)秦(qin)之(zhi)患也。钜(ju)鹿(lu)公(gong)轻(qing)戆锐进，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乱(luan)(luan)兵(bing)(bing)所害，非(fei)泓(hong)(hong)(hong)之(zhi)意。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)怒(nu)，召慕(mu)(mu)容责之(zhi)曰：“卿(qing)(qing)父子干纪(ji)僭乱(luan)(luan)，乖逆人(ren)(ren)神(shen)，朕应天行神(shen)，尽兵(bing)(bing)势而得卿(qing)(qing)。卿(qing)(qing)非(fei)改迷归(gui)善(shan)，而合宗蒙(meng)宥，兄(xiong)弟布(bu)列上(shang)将(jiang)、纳言(yan)，虽曰破(po)灭(mie)，其实若归(gui)。奈(nai)何因王(wang)师(shi)(shi)小败，便猖悖(bei)若此(ci)！垂为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)长蛇(she)于(yu)关(guan)东(dong)(dong)，泓(hong)(hong)(hong)、冲(chong)(chong)称兵(bing)(bing)内侮。泓(hong)(hong)(hong)书(shu)如此(ci)，卿(qing)(qing)欲去者，朕当(dang)相(xiang)资。卿(qing)(qing)之(zhi)宗族(zu)，可(ke)(ke)谓(wei)人(ren)(ren)面兽(shou)心(xin)，殆不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)国(guo)(guo)士(shi)期也。”叩头流血，泣涕陈(chen)谢。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)久之(zhi)曰：“《书(shu)》云，父子兄(xiong)弟无(wu)相(xiang)及也。卿(qing)(qing)之(zhi)忠诚，实简朕心(xin)，此(ci)自三(san)竖之(zhi)罪，非(fei)卿(qing)(qing)之(zhi)过。”复(fu)(fu)其位(wei)而待之(zhi)如初。命以(yi)(yi)(yi)书(shu)招喻(yu)垂及泓(hong)(hong)(hong)、冲(chong)(chong)，使(shi)息兵(bing)(bing)还长安(an)，恕(shu)其反叛(pan)之(zhi)咎。而密遣(qian)使(shi)者谓(wei)泓(hong)(hong)(hong)曰：“今秦(qin)数已(yi)(yi)终，长安(an)怪异特(te)甚，当(dang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)(fu)能久立。吾(wu)既笼中(zhong)之(zhi)人(ren)(ren)，必无(wu)还理(li)。昔不(bu)(bu)(bu)能保守宗庙(miao)，致令倾(qing)丧若斯，吾(wu)罪人(ren)(ren)也，不(bu)(bu)(bu)足复(fu)(fu)顾吾(wu)之(zhi)存(cun)亡。社稷不(bu)(bu)(bu)轻(qing)，勉(mian)建大(da)(da)(da)业，以(yi)(yi)(yi)兴(xing)复(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)务。可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)吴(wu)王(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)相(xiang)国(guo)(guo)，中(zhong)山王(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太宰、领大(da)(da)(da)司马，汝可(ke)(ke)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)将(jiang)军(jun)、领司徒，承制封拜。听吾(wu)死问，汝使(shi)即(ji)尊位(wei)。”泓(hong)(hong)(hong)于(yu)是进向长安(an)，改年曰燕(yan)兴(xing)。是时鬼夜哭，三(san)旬(xun)而止。
坚(jian)率步骑(qi)二万(wan)(wan)讨(tao)姚(yao)苌(chang)(chang)于北(bei)地，次于赵氏坞，使护军(jun)杨(yang)(yang)璧游(you)骑(qi)三(san)千，断其(qi)奔路，右军(jun)徐成、左军(jun)窦(dou)(dou)冲、镇军(jun)毛盛(sheng)等屡战(zhan)败之(zhi)，仍(reng)断其(qi)运水之(zhi)路。冯翊游(you)钦因淮南之(zhi)败，聚众(zhong)数千，保据频阳，遣(qian)军(jun)运水及粟(su)，以馈姚(yao)苌(chang)(chang)，杨(yang)(yang)璧尽获之(zhi)。苌(chang)(chang)军(jun)渴甚(shen)，遣(qian)其(qi)弟镇北(bei)尹买(mai)率劲(jing)卒二万(wan)(wan)决堰。窦(dou)(dou)冲率众(zhong)败其(qi)军(jun)于鹳雀渠，斩尹买(mai)及首级万(wan)(wan)三(san)千。苌(chang)(chang)众(zhong)危惧，人有渴死者(zhe)。俄而降雨于苌(chang)(chang)营，营中水三(san)尺，周(zhou)营百步之(zhi)外，寸余(yu)而已，于是苌(chang)(chang)军(jun)大振。坚(jian)方食，去案怒曰：“天其(qi)无心(xin)，何故降泽贼营！”苌(chang)(chang)又东引慕容泓为(wei)援(yuan)。
泓(hong)谋臣高盖(gai)、宿勤崇等(deng)以泓(hong)德望后(hou)冲，且持法苛峻，乃杀(sha)泓(hong)，立冲为皇太弟(di)，承制(zhi)行事，自相署置。
姚苌留其弟征虏绪(xu)守杨渠(qu)川(chuan)大(da)营，率(lv)众七万来攻坚。坚遣(qian)杨璧等击之，为(wei)苌所败，获杨璧、毛盛、徐成(cheng)及前军齐午等数十人，皆礼而遣(qian)之。
苻(fu)晖(hui)(hui)率(lv)洛(luo)阳、陕(shan)城(cheng)之众(zhong)(zhong)七(qi)万(wan)归(gui)于(yu)(yu)长(zhang)(zhang)安。益州刺(ci)史王广遣(qian)将(jiang)军王蚝率(lv)蜀汉之众(zhong)(zhong)来(lai)赴难。坚(jian)闻慕容冲(chong)去长(zhang)(zhang)安二百余里，引师而归(gui)，使抚军苻(fu)方戍(shu)骊山(shan)，拜苻(fu)晖(hui)(hui)使持节、散骑(qi)常侍、都督中外诸军事、车(che)骑(qi)大(da)将(jiang)军、司(si)隶校尉、录(lu)尚(shang)书，配兵五万(wan)距(ju)冲(chong)，河间(jian)公苻(fu)琳为(wei)(wei)中军大(da)将(jiang)军，为(wei)(wei)晖(hui)(hui)后(hou)继。冲(chong)乃(nai)令妇人乘牛(niu)马为(wei)(wei)众(zhong)(zhong)，揭竿为(wei)(wei)旗，扬土(tu)为(wei)(wei)尘(chen)，督厉其(qi)众(zhong)(zhong)，晨攻(gong)晖(hui)(hui)营于(yu)(yu)郑西。晖(hui)(hui)出(chu)距(ju)战，冲(chong)扬尘(chen)鼓噪，晖(hui)(hui)师败绩。坚(jian)又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)尚(shang)书姜(jiang)宇为(wei)(wei)前将(jiang)军，与苻(fu)琳率(lv)众(zhong)(zhong)三(san)万(wan)，击冲(chong)于(yu)(yu)灞上，为(wei)(wei)冲(chong)所(suo)败，宇死之，琳中流(liu)矢，冲(chong)遂据(ju)阿(a)房城(cheng)。初，坚(jian)之灭燕，冲(chong)姊(zi)为(wei)(wei)清河公主，年十(shi)四，有殊色，坚(jian)纳之，宠冠(guan)后(hou)庭。冲(chong)年十(shi)二，亦有龙阳之姿(zi)，坚(jian)又(you)(you)幸之。姊(zi)弟专宠，宫(gong)(gong)人莫(mo)进。长(zhang)(zhang)安歌之曰：“一(yi)雌复(fu)一(yi)雄，双飞入紫宫(gong)(gong)。”咸惧为(wei)(wei)乱。王猛(meng)切谏(jian)，坚(jian)乃(nai)出(chu)冲(chong)。长(zhang)(zhang)安又(you)(you)谣(yao)曰：“凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)止(zhi)(zhi)阿(a)房。”坚(jian)以(yi)(yi)凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)非梧桐不栖，非竹实不食，乃(nai)植桐竹数十(shi)万(wan)株于(yu)(yu)阿(a)房城(cheng)以(yi)(yi)待(dai)之。冲(chong)小字凤(feng)皇(huang)(huang)，至是，终为(wei)(wei)坚(jian)贼，入止(zhi)(zhi)阿(a)房城(cheng)焉。
晋(jin)西中郎将桓石虔进(jin)据(ju)鲁阳，遣(qian)河(he)南太守高茂北戍洛阳。晋(jin)冠军谢玄(xuan)次于下邳，徐州刺史赵(zhao)迁(qian)弃彭城(cheng)奔还(hai)。玄(xuan)前锋张愿追迁(qian)及于砀山(shan)，转战(zhan)而免(mian)。玄(xuan)进(jin)据(ju)彭城(cheng)。
时吕光讨(tao)平西域三十六国(guo)，所获珍宝(bao)以(yi)万万计。坚下书以(yi)光为(wei)使持节、散骑常侍、都督玉门以(yi)西诸军事(shi)、安(an)西将军、西域校尉，进(jin)封顺乡侯，增邑一千户(hu)。
刘(liu)牢之(zhi)伐兗(yan)州(zhou)，坚刺史张崇弃鄄(juan)城(cheng)奔于(yu)慕容(rong)垂。牢之(zhi)遣将(jiang)军刘(liu)袭追崇，战于(yu)河南，斩其东平太守杨光而退。牢之(zhi)遂据鄄(juan)城(cheng)。
慕容(rong)冲(chong)进逼长安，坚(jian)登(deng)城观之(zhi)，叹曰：“此虏何从(cong)出也？其强若(ruo)斯！”大言(yan)(yan)责冲(chong)曰：“尔辈(bei)群奴正可牧牛(niu)羊，何为送(song)(song)死！”冲(chong)曰：“奴则(ze)奴矣，既(ji)(ji)厌奴苦，复欲(yu)取尔见代。”坚(jian)遣使(shi)送(song)(song)锦袍(pao)一(yi)领(ling)遗冲(chong)，称(cheng)诏(zhao)曰：“古人兵交(jiao)，使(shi)在(zai)其间。卿(qing)远来草创，得无劳乎？今送(song)(song)一(yi)袍(pao)，以明本(ben)怀。朕于(yu)(yu)卿(qing)恩分如(ru)何，而(er)于(yu)(yu)一(yi)朝(chao)忽为此变！”冲(chong)命(ming)詹事答之(zhi)，亦称(cheng)“皇太(tai)弟有令：孤今心在(zai)天下，岂(qi)顾一(yi)袍(pao)小(xiao)惠。苟能知命(ming)，便(bian)可君臣束手，早送(song)(song)皇帝，自当宽贷苻氏，以酬曩好，终不使(shi)既(ji)(ji)往之(zhi)施独(du)美于(yu)(yu)前”。坚(jian)大怒曰：“吾不用(yong)王景略、阳平公之(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，使(shi)白虏敢至于(yu)(yu)此。”
苻丕(pi)(pi)在(zai)鄴(ye)粮竭(jie)，马无(wu)草，削松木而食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。会丁(ding)零(ling)叛慕容垂(chui)(chui)，垂(chui)(chui)引(yin)师去(qu)鄴(ye)，始(shi)具西问(wen)，知苻睿等(deng)(deng)丧(sang)败(bai)，长(zhang)安危逼，乃(nai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)其(qi)阳平(ping)太(tai)(tai)(tai)守邵兴(xing)(xing)率骑(qi)一千，将北引(yin)重(zhong)合(he)侯苻谟、高邑侯苻亮、阜城(cheng)(cheng)侯苻定于(yu)(yu)(yu)常山，固安侯苻鉴、中山太(tai)(tai)(tai)守王(wang)兗于(yu)(yu)(yu)中山，以(yi)(yi)为己援(yuan)。垂(chui)(chui)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)将军(jun)(jun)张(zhang)崇要兴(xing)(xing)，获之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)襄国(guo)南(nan)。又遣(qian)(qian)(qian)其(qi)参军(jun)(jun)封孚西引(yin)张(zhang)蚝(hao)、并州刺史王(wang)腾于(yu)(yu)(yu)晋阳，蚝(hao)、腾以(yi)(yi)众寡不(bu)赴(fu)。丕(pi)(pi)进退路穷，乃(nai)谋(mou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)群僚。司马杨(yang)膺唱(chang)归顺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计，丕(pi)(pi)犹未从。会晋遣(qian)(qian)(qian)济北太(tai)(tai)(tai)守丁(ding)匡据(ju)碻磝，济阳太(tai)(tai)(tai)守郭满据(ju)滑(hua)台，将军(jun)(jun)颜肱、刘袭(xi)次于(yu)(yu)(yu)河北，丕(pi)(pi)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)将军(jun)(jun)桑据(ju)距(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，为王(wang)师所(suo)败(bai)。袭(xi)等(deng)(deng)进攻黎(li)阳，克之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。丕(pi)(pi)惧，乃(nai)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)从弟(di)就与(yu)(yu)参军(jun)(jun)焦逵请(qing)救于(yu)(yu)(yu)谢(xie)玄。丕(pi)(pi)书(shu)称假途求粮，还赴(fu)国(guo)难，须军(jun)(jun)援(yuan)既(ji)接，以(yi)(yi)鄴(ye)与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若西路不(bu)通，长(zhang)安陷没，请(qing)率所(suo)领保守鄴(ye)城(cheng)(cheng)。乃(nai)羁縻一方，文降而已。逵与(yu)(yu)参军(jun)(jun)姜让密(mi)谓杨(yang)膺曰(yue)：“今(jin)(jin)祸难如(ru)此，京师阻(zu)隔(ge)，吉凶莫审，密(mi)迩寇仇，三(san)军(jun)(jun)罄绝，倾危之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚(shen)，朝不(bu)及(ji)夕。观公豪气不(bu)除，非救世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，既(ji)不(bu)能竭(jie)尽诚款，速致(zhi)粮援(yuan)，方设(she)两端，必(bi)无(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)也。今(jin)(jin)日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殆，疾于(yu)(yu)(yu)转(zhuan)机(ji)，不(bu)容虚(xu)设(she)，徒成(cheng)(cheng)反覆(fu)。宜(yi)正书(shu)为表，以(yi)(yi)结殷勤。若王(wang)师之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至，必(bi)当致(zhi)身。如(ru)其(qi)不(bu)从，可逼缚与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。苟不(bu)义服，一人力耳。古人行权，宁济为功(gong)，况君侯累叶载德，显祖(zu)初著名于(yu)(yu)(yu)晋朝，今(jin)(jin)复建崇勋，使功(gong)业相继，千载一时，不(bu)可失也。”膺素轻丕(pi)(pi)，自以(yi)(yi)力能逼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃(nai)改书(shu)而遣(qian)(qian)(qian)逵等(deng)(deng)，并遣(qian)(qian)(qian)济南(nan)毛蜀、毛鲜等(deng)(deng)分房为任于(yu)(yu)(yu)晋。
坚(jian)遣鸿(hong)胪郝(hao)稚征处士王(wang)嘉(jia)于(yu)(yu)到兽(shou)山。既至，坚(jian)每(mei)日召嘉(jia)与(yu)道(dao)安(an)于(yu)(yu)外(wai)殿，动静咨问(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。慕(mu)容(rong)入(ru)见东堂，稽首谢(xie)曰(yue)：“弟冲(chong)不识(shi)义方，孤背国恩，臣(chen)罪应万死。陛下垂天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)，臣(chen)蒙(meng)更生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惠。臣(chen)二(er)子昨婚，明当三日，愚欲暂(zan)屈(qu)銮驾，幸臣(chen)私第。”坚(jian)许之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。出(chu)，嘉(jia)曰(yue)：“椎芦(lu)作蘧(qu)蒢，不成文(wen)章(zhang)，会天(tian)大雨，不得(de)杀羊。”坚(jian)与(yu)群臣(chen)莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能解。是(shi)夜大雨，晨不果出(chu)。初，之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遣诸(zhu)弟起(qi)兵于(yu)(yu)外(wai)也，坚(jian)防守甚严，谋(mou)应之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而无因(yin)。时鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)在城者犹有千余人，乃(nai)密(mi)结(jie)鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众，谋(mou)伏(fu)兵请坚(jian)，因(yin)而杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。令其豪帅悉罗腾、屈(qu)突(tu)铁侯等潜告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：“官今(jin)使侯外(wai)镇，听旧人悉随，可于(yu)(yu)某日会集某处。”鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。北部人突(tu)贤与(yu)其妹(mei)(mei)别，妹(mei)(mei)为左将军窦冲(chong)小(xiao)妻，闻以告冲(chong)，请留其兄(xiong)。冲(chong)驰入(ru)白坚(jian)，坚(jian)大惊，召腾问(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，腾具(ju)首服。坚(jian)乃(nai)诛(zhu)父子及其宗族，城内(nei)鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)无少长及妇女(nv)皆杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
慕容(rong)垂复(fu)围鄴城。焦逵既至(zhi)，朝廷(ting)果欲征(zheng)丕任子，然后出(chu)师。逵固陈丕款诚(cheng)无贰，并宣(xuan)杨膺之(zhi)意，乃遣刘牢之(zhi)等率众二万(wan)，水陆运漕救鄴。
时(shi)长安大饥，人相食，诸将归而吐肉以饴妻子。
慕容冲僭称尊号于(yu)(yu)阿(a)房，改(gai)年更始。坚(jian)与冲战，各有胜负(fu)。尝为冲军(jun)所(suo)围，殿中上将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)邓(deng)迈、左中郎将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)邓(deng)绥(sui)、尚书郎邓(deng)琼相谓(wei)曰：“吾门(men)世荷荣(rong)宠，先君(jun)建殊功于(yu)(yu)国家，不可不立忠效节，以成先君(jun)之志。且不死君(jun)难者(zhe)，非丈夫也。”于(yu)(yu)是与毛长(zhang)乐(le)等(deng)(deng)蒙兽皮，奋(fen)矛(mao)而击(ji)(ji)冲军(jun)。冲军(jun)溃，坚(jian)获免，嘉其忠勇，并拜五(wu)校，加三品将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)，赐爵关内侯。冲又遣其尚书令(ling)高盖(gai)率(lv)众夜袭长(zhang)安，攻陷南门(men)，入于(yu)(yu)南城(cheng)(cheng)。左将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)窦冲、前禁将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)李辩等(deng)(deng)击(ji)(ji)败之，斩(zhan)首千八百级(ji)，分(fen)其尸而食之。坚(jian)寻败冲于(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)西，追奔至于(yu)(yu)阿(a)城(cheng)(cheng)。诸将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)请乘胜入城(cheng)(cheng)，坚(jian)惧为冲所(suo)获，乃击(ji)(ji)金以止军(jun)。
是时刘牢之至枋头。征东参军徐义、宦人孟丰告苻(fu)丕(pi)，杨膺、姜让等谋反，丕(pi)收膺、让戮(lu)之。牢之以丕(pi)自相屠戮(lu)，盘(pan)桓不进(jin)。
苻晖屡为冲(chong)所(suo)败(bai)(bai)，坚(jian)(jian)让之曰：“汝，吾(wu)之子也，拥大(da)众，屡为白虏小兒所(suo)摧，何用生为！”晖愤恚自杀。关中堡壁(bi)三千余所(suo)，推(tui)平(ping)远将(jiang)军(jun)冯翊(yi)、赵敖为统主(zhu)，相率(lv)结盟，遣(qian)兵(bing)粮助(zhu)坚(jian)(jian)。左将(jiang)军(jun)苟池、右(you)(you)将(jiang)军(jun)俱(ju)石子率(lv)骑五千，与冲(chong)争麦(mai)，战于骊山，为冲(chong)所(suo)败(bai)(bai)，池死之，石子奔鄴。坚(jian)(jian)大(da)怒，复遣(qian)领军(jun)杨定率(lv)左右(you)(you)精骑二千五百击冲(chong)，大(da)败(bai)(bai)之，俘掠鲜(xian)卑万余而还。坚(jian)(jian)怒，悉(xi)坑之。定果(guo)勇善战，冲(chong)深惮之，遂穿马埳以自固。
刘(liu)牢之(zhi)至(zhi)鄴，慕容垂(chui)北(bei)如新城(cheng)(cheng)。鄴中饥甚，丕率鄴城(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)众就(jiu)晋谷于(yu)枋(fang)头(tou)。牢之(zhi)入(ru)屯鄴城(cheng)(cheng)。慕容垂(chui)军人(ren)饥甚，多奔中山(shan)，幽(you)、冀人(ren)相食。初，关东谣(yao)曰：“幽(you)州，生当灭。若不灭，百(bai)(bai)姓绝(jue)。”，垂(chui)之(zhi)本名(ming)。与丕相持经年(nian)，百(bai)(bai)姓死几(ji)绝(jue)。
先(xian)是(shi)，姚苌(chang)(chang)攻新(xin)平(ping)，新(xin)平(ping)太守苟(gou)辅(fu)将降(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，郡人(ren)辽西太守冯杰、莲(lian)勺令冯翊等(deng)谏曰(yue)：“天(tian)下丧乱，忠臣乃见(jian)。昔田单守一(yi)城(cheng)(cheng)而存齐，今(jin)秦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)有(you)，犹连州累镇(zhen)，郡国(guo)百城(cheng)(cheng)。臣子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于君父(fu)，尽心焉(yan)(yan)，尽力焉(yan)(yan)，死而后已，岂宜贰哉！”辅(fu)大悦，于是(shi)凭(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)固(gu)守。苌(chang)(chang)为(wei)土(tu)山地道，辅(fu)亦为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。或战山峰，苌(chang)(chang)众(zhong)(zhong)死者万(wan)有(you)余(yu)人(ren)。辅(fu)乃诈降(jiang)，苌(chang)(chang)将入，觉(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，引(yin)众(zhong)(zhong)而退(tui)。辅(fu)驰出(chu)击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，斩(zhan)获万(wan)计。至(zhi)是(shi)，粮竭矢(shi)尽，外救不(bu)至(zhi)，苌(chang)(chang)遣吏(li)谓辅(fu)曰(yue)：“吾(wu)方以义(yi)(yi)取(qu)天(tian)下，岂仇忠臣乎？卿但率见(jian)众(zhong)(zhong)男女(nv)(nv)还长娄，吾(wu)须此城(cheng)(cheng)置(zhi)镇(zhen)。”辅(fu)以为(wei)然，率男女(nv)(nv)万(wan)五千口出(chu)城(cheng)(cheng)，苌(chang)(chang)围(wei)而坑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，男女(nv)(nv)无(wu)遗。初，石季龙末，清河崔悦为(wei)新(xin)平(ping)相，为(wei)郡人(ren)所(suo)杀。悦子液后仕(shi)坚(jian)(jian)，为(wei)尚书郎，自表父(fu)仇不(bu)同天(tian)地，请还冀州。坚(jian)(jian)愍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，禁锢新(xin)平(ping)人(ren)，缺其城(cheng)(cheng)角以耻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。新(xin)平(ping)酋望深以为(wei)惭，故相率距(ju)苌(chang)(chang)，以立(li)忠义(yi)(yi)。
时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)群乌数万，翔鸣于(yu)长安城上(shang)，其声(sheng)甚悲，占(zhan)者(zhe)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)斗羽不终年，有(you)(you)(you)(you)甲(jia)兵入(ru)城之(zhi)(zhi)象。冲率(lv)众(zhong)登(deng)城，坚(jian)身(shen)(shen)贯甲(jia)胄，督战距之(zhi)(zhi)，飞矢满身(shen)(shen)，血流(liu)(liu)(liu)被(bei)体。时(shi)虽兵寇危逼，冯翊(yi)诸(zhu)堡壁(bi)犹有(you)(you)(you)(you)负粮(liang)冒难而(er)(er)至者(zhe)，多为(wei)贼所(suo)(suo)杀。坚(jian)谓之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：“闻(wen)来者(zhe)率(lv)不善(shan)达(da)，诚是忠(zhong)(zhong)臣赴(fu)难之(zhi)(zhi)义。当今寇难殷繁，非(fei)一(yi)(yi)人之(zhi)(zhi)力(li)所(suo)(suo)能(neng)济也(ye)。庶明灵有(you)(you)(you)(you)照，祸(huo)极灾返，善(shan)保诚顺，为(wei)国自(zi)爱，蓄粮(liang)厉甲(jia)，端(duan)听(ting)师期，不可(ke)徒(tu)丧无(wu)成，相随兽口。”三辅(fu)人为(wei)冲所(suo)(suo)略者(zhe)，咸(xian)遣使告坚(jian)，请放火(huo)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)内应。坚(jian)曰(yue)：“哀(ai)诸(zhu)卿(qing)忠(zhong)(zhong)诚之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)也(ye)，何(he)复(fu)已已。但(dan)时(shi)运圮(pi)丧，恐无(wu)益于(yu)国，空使诸(zhu)卿(qing)坐自(zi)夷灭，吾所(suo)(suo)不忍也(ye)。且吾精兵若兽，利器如霜，而(er)(er)衄于(yu)乌合疲钝之(zhi)(zhi)贼，岂非(fei)天也(ye)！宜善(shan)思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)。”众(zhong)固请曰(yue)：“臣等不爱性命，投身(shen)(shen)为(wei)国，若上(shang)天有(you)(you)(you)(you)灵，单(dan)诚或(huo)冀一(yi)(yi)济，没(mei)无(wu)遗恨(hen)矣。”坚(jian)遣骑七百(bai)应之(zhi)(zhi)。而(er)(er)冲营放火(huo)者(zhe)为(wei)风焰所(suo)(suo)烧(shao)，其能(neng)免者(zhe)十有(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)二。坚(jian)深痛(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)，身(shen)(shen)为(wei)设祭而(er)(er)招之(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：“有(you)(you)(you)(you)忠(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)灵，来就此庭。归汝先父，勿为(wei)妖形。”歔欷流(liu)(liu)(liu)涕，悲不自(zi)胜(sheng)。众(zhong)咸(xian)相谓曰(yue)：“至尊慈恩如此，吾等有(you)(you)(you)(you)死(si)无(wu)移。”冲毒暴(bao)关中，人皆流(liu)(liu)(liu)散，道(dao)路断绝，千里(li)无(wu)烟。坚(jian)以(yi)(yi)甘松(song)护(hu)军仇腾为(wei)冯翊(yi)太(tai)守，加辅(fu)国将军，与(yu)破虏将军蜀(shu)人兰犊慰(wei)勉冯翊(yi)诸(zhu)县之(zhi)(zhi)众(zhong)。众(zhong)咸(xian)曰(yue)：“与(yu)陛下同死(si)共生，誓无(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)贰。”
每夜有(you)(you)周城(cheng)大呼(hu)曰：“杨(yang)(yang)定健兒应属我(wo)，宫殿台观应坐(zuo)我(wo)，父子同(tong)出(chu)不共汝(ru)。”且寻而不见人迹。城(cheng)中有(you)(you)书(shu)曰《古符(fu)传贾(jia)录》，载“帝出(chu)五(wu)将久长得”。先是(shi)，又谣曰：“坚(jian)入(ru)五(wu)将山长得。”坚(jian)大信之，告其太子宏(hong)(hong)曰：“脱如(ru)此言，天或(huo)导予(yu)。今留汝(ru)兼(jian)总(zong)戎政，勿与贼争利，朕当(dang)出(chu)陇收兵运(yun)粮以给汝(ru)。天其或(huo)者正训予(yu)也。”于是(shi)遣卫(wei)将军杨(yang)(yang)定击冲于城(cheng)西，为冲所擒。坚(jian)弥惧，付宏(hong)(hong)以后事(shi)，将中山公诜、张(zhang)夫人率骑数(shu)(shu)百(bai)出(chu)如(ru)五(wu)将，宣告州(zhou)郡，期以孟冬救长安(an)。宏(hong)(hong)寻将母(mu)妻宗室(shi)男女数(shu)(shu)千骑出(chu)奔，百(bai)僚逃散。慕容冲入(ru)据长安(an)，从兵大掠，死(si)者不可胜计。
初，秦(qin)之未乱也，关中(zhong)土(tu)然，无火而(er)烟气大起，方数十(shi)里中(zhong)，月余不(bu)灭。坚每临听讼(song)观，令百姓有怨者举烟于(yu)城北，观而(er)录之。长安为之语(yu)曰：“欲得必存(cun)当举烟。”又为谣曰：“长鞘马鞭击左股，太(tai)岁南行(xing)当复虏(lu)(lu)。”秦(qin)人呼鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)为白虏(lu)(lu)。慕容(rong)垂之起于(yu)关东，岁在癸末。坚之分(fen)氐户于(yu)诸(zhu)镇也，赵整(zheng)(zheng)因(yin)侍，援琴而(er)歌曰：“阿得脂，阿得脂，博劳旧父(fu)是仇绥(sui)，尾长翼短不(bu)能飞，远徙种(zhong)人留鲜(xian)(xian)卑(bei)，一旦缓(huan)急语(yu)阿谁(shei)！”坚笑而(er)不(bu)纳。至是，整(zheng)(zheng)言验矣。
坚(jian)(jian)(jian)至五(wu)(wu)将山，姚苌(chang)遣将军吴(wu)忠围之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)众奔散(san)，独侍御十(shi)(shi)数人(ren)(ren)而已(yi)。神(shen)色自若，坐(zuo)而待(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，召宰(zai)人(ren)(ren)进食。俄而忠至，执坚(jian)(jian)(jian)以归新(xin)平，幽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)别室。苌(chang)求(qiu)(qiu)传国(guo)玺于(yu)坚(jian)(jian)(jian)曰：“苌(chang)次膺符(fu)历，可以为惠。”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)瞋目叱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰：“小羌乃敢(gan)干逼(bi)天(tian)子，岂以传国(guo)玺授汝羌也，图纬符(fu)命，何(he)所依(yi)据？五(wu)(wu)胡次序，无汝羌名。违天(tian)不祥，其(qi)能(neng)久乎！玺已(yi)送晋，不可得也。”苌(chang)又(you)遣尹纬说坚(jian)(jian)(jian)，求(qiu)(qiu)为尧、舜禅代(dai)(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)责纬曰：“禅代(dai)(dai)者，圣贤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。姚苌(chang)叛贼(zei)，奈(nai)何(he)拟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)古人(ren)(ren)！”坚(jian)(jian)(jian)既不许(xu)苌(chang)以禅代(dai)(dai)，骂而求(qiu)(qiu)死，苌(chang)乃缢坚(jian)(jian)(jian)于(yu)新(xin)平佛寺中(zhong)，时(shi)年四十(shi)(shi)八。中(zhong)山公(gong)诜及(ji)张夫人(ren)(ren)并自杀。是岁太元十(shi)(shi)年也。
宏(hong)之奔也(ye)，归(gui)其(qi)南秦州刺史杨璧于(yu)下辩，璧距之，乃奔武翥(zhu)氐豪强(qiang)熙，假道(dao)归(gui)顺，朝廷处宏(hong)于(yu)江州。宏(hong)历(li)位(wei)(wei)辅国将军。桓玄篡位(wei)(wei)，以宏(hong)为梁州刺史。义熙初，以谋叛被诛。
初，坚(jian)强盛之(zhi)时(shi)，国有(you)童谣云(yun)(yun)：“河(he)水清复清，苻诏死新(xin)城。”坚(jian)闻而恶之(zhi)，每征伐，戒军候云(yun)(yun)：“地有(you)名新(xin)者(zhe)避之(zhi)。”时(shi)又童谣云(yun)(yun)：“阿坚(jian)连(lian)牵三十年(nian)(nian)，若后欲败当在江、淮间。”坚(jian)在位二(er)十七年(nian)(nian)，因寿春之(zhi)败，其国大乱，后二(er)年(nian)(nian)，竟死于新(xin)平(ping)佛寺(si)，咸应谣言(yan)矣。丕僭号，伪追谥坚(jian)曰世(shi)祖宣昭皇帝。
王(wang)(wang)猛(meng)，字景略，北海(hai)剧人(ren)也，家(jia)于魏郡。少贫(pin)贱，以(yi)鬻畚(ben)为业(ye)。尝货(huo)畚(ben)于洛阳，乃(nai)有(you)一人(ren)贵(gui)买其(qi)畚(ben)，而(er)云(yun)无直(zhi)，自言：“家(jia)去此无远，可随我取直(zhi)。”猛(meng)利其(qi)贵(gui)而(er)从之，行不(bu)觉远，忽至深山，见一父(fu)(fu)老(lao)，须发皓然，踞(ju)胡床而(er)坐(zuo)，左(zuo)右十许(xu)人(ren)，有(you)一人(ren)引(yin)猛(meng)进(jin)拜之。父(fu)(fu)老(lao)曰：“王(wang)(wang)公何(he)缘拜也！”乃(nai)十倍偿畚(ben)直(zhi)，遣(qian)人(ren)送之。猛(meng)既出，顾视，乃(nai)嵩(song)高山也。
猛(meng)(meng)(meng)瑰姿俊伟。博学好(hao)兵(bing)书(shu)，谨重严(yan)毅，气度雄远，细(xi)事不(bu)干其虑，自(zi)(zi)不(bu)参其神契，略(lve)不(bu)与交通，是以浮华之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)咸(xian)轻而(er)(er)(er)笑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。猛(meng)(meng)(meng)悠(you)然(ran)自(zi)(zi)得(de)，不(bu)以屑怀。少游于鄴都，时人罕(han)能识也(ye)。惟徐统见而(er)(er)(er)奇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，召为功曹(cao)。遁(dun)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)应，遂隐于华阴山。怀佐世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi)，希龙颜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，敛(lian)翼待(dai)时，候风云而(er)(er)(er)后动(dong)。桓温(wen)入(ru)关，猛(meng)(meng)(meng)被褐(he)而(er)(er)(er)诣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，一面谈(tan)当世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，扪虱而(er)(er)(er)言，旁若无人。温(wen)察(cha)而(er)(er)(er)异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，问(wen)曰(yue)：“吾(wu)奉天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命，率锐师(shi)十万，杖义讨逆，为百姓除(chu)残贼，而(er)(er)(er)三秦豪杰未(wei)有至(zhi)者何(he)也(ye)？”猛(meng)(meng)(meng)曰(yue)：“公不(bu)远数千(qian)里，深入(ru)寇境，长安咫(zhi)尺而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)渡灞(ba)水，百姓未(wei)见公心故也(ye)，所以不(bu)至(zhi)。”温(wen)默然(ran)无以酬(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。温(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)将还，赐猛(meng)(meng)(meng)车马，拜高官督护，请(qing)与俱南。猛(meng)(meng)(meng)还山咨(zi)师(shi)，师(shi)曰(yue)：“卿与桓温(wen)岂并世哉！在此自(zi)(zi)可富(fu)贵(gui)，何(he)为远乎！”猛(meng)(meng)(meng)乃止。
苻(fu)坚将有大(da)志，闻(wen)猛(meng)名，遣吕婆楼招之(zhi)(zhi)，一(yi)(yi)见便若平生。语及(ji)废兴大(da)事，异符(fu)同契(qi)，若玄德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)遇孔明(ming)也。及(ji)坚僭位，以(yi)猛(meng)为中书(shu)侍郎。时始平多枋(fang)头西归(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)人，豪右纵横，劫盗充斥(chi)，乃转猛(meng)为始平令。猛(meng)下(xia)车，明(ming)法(fa)峻刑，澄察善(shan)恶，禁(jin)勒强(qiang)豪。鞭(bian)杀(sha)一(yi)(yi)吏，百姓上书(shu)讼之(zhi)(zhi)，有司劾奏，槛(jian)车征(zheng)下(xia)廷(ting)尉诏狱。坚亲问之(zhi)(zhi)，曰：“为政之(zhi)(zhi)体，德(de)化为先，莅(li)任(ren)(ren)未几而杀(sha)戮无数(shu)，何其酷也！”猛(meng)曰：“臣闻(wen)宰宁国以(yi)礼，治乱(luan)邦以(yi)法(fa)。陛下(xia)不(bu)以(yi)臣不(bu)才(cai)，任(ren)(ren)臣以(yi)剧邑，谨为明(ming)君翦除凶(xiong)猾。始杀(sha)一(yi)(yi)奸，余尚(shang)万(wan)数(shu)，若以(yi)臣不(bu)能穷(qiong)残尽暴，肃(su)清轨法(fa)者，敢不(bu)甘(gan)心鼎镬，以(yi)谢孤负。酷政之(zhi)(zhi)刑，臣实(shi)未敢受之(zhi)(zhi)。”坚谓群臣曰：“王景(jing)略固是夷(yi)吾、子产之(zhi)(zhi)俦也。”于(yu)是赦(she)之(zhi)(zhi)。
迁尚(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)丞(cheng)、咸(xian)阳内(nei)史、京(jing)兆(zhao)尹。未几，除吏部尚(shang)书(shu)、太(tai)子詹事(shi)，又迁尚(shang)书(shu)左(zuo)仆(pu)射、辅国将军、司(si)隶校尉，加(jia)骑(qi)都尉，居(ju)中宿卫。时(shi)猛年(nian)三十六，岁中五迁，权倾内(nei)外，宗戚(qi)旧(jiu)臣皆害其宠。尚(shang)书(shu)仇腾(teng)、丞(cheng)相长史席(xi)宝数谮毁(hui)之，坚(jian)大怒，黜腾(teng)为甘松护军，宝白(bai)衣领长史。尔后上(shang)下咸(xian)服，莫(mo)有敢言(yan)。顷之，迁尚(shang)书(shu)令、太(tai)子太(tai)傅，加(jia)散骑(qi)常(chang)侍。猛频表(biao)累(lei)让，坚(jian)竟(jing)不许。又转(zhuan)司(si)徒、录尚(shang)书(shu)事(shi)，余(yu)如故。猛辞以(yi)无功，不拜。
后率(lv)诸军(jun)讨慕(mu)容，军(jun)禁严(yan)明，师无(wu)私犯。猛之未至(zhi)鄴(ye)也(ye)，劫盗公行，及猛之至(zhi)，远近帖然(ran)，燕人(ren)安(an)之。军(jun)还，以(yi)功进封清河郡侯，赐以(yi)美妾五人(ren)，上(shang)女妓十二人(ren)，中(zhong)妓三十八(ba)人(ren)，马百匹，车十乘。猛上(shang)疏固辞不(bu)受。
时(shi)既留镇冀州，坚遣(qian)猛(meng)(meng)于(yu)(yu)六州之(zhi)内听以(yi)便宜从事(shi)，简(jian)召(zhao)英俊，以(yi)补关东守宰，授(shou)(shou)讫，言台(tai)除正。居数(shu)月(yue)，上疏曰：“臣前(qian)所以(yi)朝闻夕(xi)拜，不(bu)顾(gu)艰虞者(zhe)，正以(yi)方(fang)难未(wei)夷，军机权速，庶竭(jie)命戎行，甘驱驰之(zhi)役，敷宣皇(huang)威(wei)，展筋骨之(zhi)效，故ＦＣ俛从事(shi)，叨据(ju)负乘，可谓恭命于(yu)(yu)济时(shi)，俟太(tai)平于(yu)(yu)今(jin)日(ri)。今(jin)圣德格于(yu)(yu)皇(huang)天，威(wei)灵(ling)被(bei)于(yu)(yu)八表，弘化已熙，六合清泰，窃(qie)敢披贡丹诚(cheng)，请避贤(xian)路。设官分(fen)职，各有司存，岂应(ying)孤任愚臣，以(yi)速倾败！东夏之(zhi)事(shi)，非臣区区所能康(kang)理(li)，愿徙授(shou)(shou)亲贤(xian)，济臣颠坠。若以(yi)臣有鹰犬(quan)微勤，未(wei)忍捐(juan)弃者(zhe)，乞待罪(zui)一州，效尽力命。徐方(fang)始宾，淮、汝防(fang)重，六州处分(fen)，府(fu)选便宜，辄以(yi)悉停。督(du)任弗可虚旷(kuang)，深愿时(shi)降(jiang)神(shen)规(gui)。”坚不(bu)许(xu)，遣(qian)其侍中梁谠诣鄴喻旨，猛(meng)(meng)乃视事(shi)如前(qian)。
俄入(ru)为丞相、中书监、尚(shang)书令(ling)、太子(zi)太傅(fu)、司隶(li)校尉，持节、常侍、将(jiang)军(jun)、侯(hou)如故。稍加都督(du)中外(wai)(wai)诸军(jun)事。猛(meng)(meng)表让久之(zhi)(zhi)。坚曰：“卿(qing)(qing)昔螭蟠布衣(yi)，朕龙潜弱(ruo)冠，属世事纷(fen)纭，厉士之(zhi)(zhi)际(ji)，颠覆厥(jue)德。朕奇卿(qing)(qing)于(yu)暂见，拟卿(qing)(qing)为卧龙，卿(qing)(qing)亦(yi)异朕于(yu)一言，回(hui)《考槃》之(zhi)(zhi)雅志，岂不(bu)(bu)(bu)精契神(shen)交，千载之(zhi)(zhi)会！虽(sui)傅(fu)岩入(ru)梦，姜公(gong)悟兆，今古一时(shi)，亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)殊(shu)也。自卿(qing)(qing)辅政，几将(jiang)二纪，内厘(li)百(bai)揆(kui)，外(wai)(wai)荡(dang)群凶，天下(xia)(xia)向定，彝伦始叙。朕且(qie)欲从容于(yu)上(shang)，望卿(qing)(qing)劳(lao)心于(yu)下(xia)(xia)，弘(hong)济之(zhi)(zhi)务，非卿(qing)(qing)而谁！”遂(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)许。其后数年，复授(shou)司徒。猛(meng)(meng)复上(shang)疏(shu)曰：“臣(chen)(chen)闻乾象盈虚(xu)，惟(wei)后则(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)；位称以(yi)才(cai)，官非则(ze)旷。郑武翼周，仍(reng)世载咏；王叔昧宠，政替身亡，斯则(ze)成(cheng)败之(zhi)(zhi)殷监，为臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)炯戒。窃惟(wei)鼎(ding)宰(zai)崇重，参路太阶(jie)，宜妙尽(jin)时(shi)贤，对扬休命。魏祖以(yi)文和为公(gong)，贻笑孙后；千秋一言致(zhi)相，匈奴吲之(zhi)(zhi)。臣(chen)(chen)何庸狷，而应(ying)斯举！不(bu)(bu)(bu)但(dan)取嗤邻远，实(shi)令(ling)为虏轻秦(qin)。昔东野穷(qiong)驭，颜子(zi)知其将(jiang)弊。陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)复料度臣(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)才(cai)力，私(si)惧败亡是(shi)及。且(qie)上(shang)亏(kui)宪典，臣(chen)(chen)何颜处之(zhi)(zhi)！虽(sui)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)私(si)臣(chen)(chen)，其如天下(xia)(xia)何！愿回(hui)日月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)鉴，矜臣(chen)(chen)后悔，使(shi)上(shang)无过(guo)授(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)谤，臣(chen)(chen)蒙覆焘之(zhi)(zhi)恩。”坚竟不(bu)(bu)(bu)从。猛(meng)(meng)乃受(shou)命。军(jun)国内外(wai)(wai)万(wan)机之(zhi)(zhi)务，事无巨细，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)归之(zhi)(zhi)。
猛(meng)宰(zai)政公(gong)平(ping)，流放(fang)尸素，拔幽滞，显贤(xian)才，外修兵(bing)革(ge)，内(nei)综儒(ru)学，劝课农桑(sang)，教以(yi)廉耻，无(wu)罪而不刑(xing)，无(wu)才而不任，庶绩咸熙(xi)，百揆时叙(xu)。于是兵(bing)强(qiang)国富，垂及(ji)升平(ping)，猛(meng)之力也。坚尝从(cong)容(rong)谓猛(meng)曰：“卿夙夜匪懈，忧勤万机，若文王得太(tai)公(gong)，吾(wu)将优游以(yi)卒(zu)岁(sui)。”猛(meng)曰：“不图陛下知(zhi)臣(chen)之过，臣(chen)何足以(yi)拟古人！”坚曰：“以(yi)吾(wu)观之，太(tai)公(gong)岂能过也。”常(chang)敕(chi)其(qi)太(tai)子宏、长乐(le)公(gong)丕(pi)等曰：“汝事(shi)王公(gong)，如事(shi)我(wo)也。”其(qi)见(jian)重如此。
广(guang)平麻思流寄关(guan)(guan)右，因母亡(wang)归葬，请(qing)还冀州(zhou)。猛(meng)谓思曰：“便可速装，是暮已(yi)符(fu)卿(qing)发遣。”及始出关(guan)(guan)，郡县已(yi)被符(fu)管摄(she)。其令行禁整(zheng)，事无留滞(zhi)，皆此(ci)类也。性刚明(ming)清肃(su)，于善恶尤分。微时(shi)一餐(can)之(zhi)(zhi)惠，睚柴之(zhi)(zhi)忿，靡不报(bao)焉，时(shi)论颇以此(ci)少之(zhi)(zhi)。
其(qi)(qi)年寝(qin)疾，坚(jian)(jian)(jian)亲祈南(nan)北(bei)郊、宗庙、社稷(ji)，分遣侍(shi)臣(chen)祷河(he)岳诸(zhu)祀，靡不(bu)周(zhou)备(bei)。猛疾未瘳，乃大赦其(qi)(qi)境内(nei)殊死(si)已下。猛疾甚，因上疏谢恩(en)，并言时政，多所(suo)弘(hong)益。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)览之(zhi)流涕，悲恸左(zuo)右。及疾笃，坚(jian)(jian)(jian)亲临省病，问以(yi)后事。猛曰：“晋虽僻陋吴(wu)、越(yue)，乃正朔相承。亲仁善邻(lin)，国之(zhi)宝也。臣(chen)没之(zhi)后，愿不(bu)以(yi)晋为图(tu)。鲜卑、羌(qiang)虏，我之(zhi)仇也，终为人(ren)患，宜(yi)渐(jian)除(chu)之(zhi)，以(yi)便社稷(ji)。”言终而死(si)，时年五十一(yi)。坚(jian)(jian)(jian)哭之(zhi)恸。比敛，三(san)临，谓(wei)太子宏曰：“天(tian)不(bu)欲使吾平一(yi)六(liu)合邪？何夺吾景略(lve)之(zhi)速也！”赠侍(shi)中(zhong)，丞相余如故。给东园温明(ming)秘器，帛三(san)千匹(pi)，谷万(wan)石。谒者仆射监护丧事，葬礼(li)一(yi)依汉大将军故事。谥曰武侯。朝野巷(xiang)哭三(san)日。
苻融，字(zi)博(bo)休，坚之(zhi)(zhi)季弟也(ye)。少而岐(qi)嶷夙(su)成(cheng)，魁伟美姿度。健之(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)封安乐王(wang)，融上疏固辞(ci)，健深奇之(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)：“且(qie)成(cheng)吾(wu)兒箕山之(zhi)(zhi)操。”乃止。苻生爱其器貌，常侍(shi)左右，未(wei)弱(ruo)冠便有(you)台辅(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)望。长而令誉弥高(gao)，为朝野所属。坚僭号，拜(bai)侍(shi)中(zhong)，寻(xun)除(chu)中(zhong)军将(jiang)军。融聪辩(bian)明(ming)慧，下笔成(cheng)章，至(zhi)于(yu)谈玄论(lun)道(dao)，虽道(dao)安无(wu)以(yi)出之(zhi)(zhi)。耳闻则诵，过(guo)目(mu)不(bu)(bu)忘，时人(ren)拟(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)粲。尝著《浮图赋》，壮丽清赡，世(shi)咸珍之(zhi)(zhi)。未(wei)有(you)升高(gao)不(bu)(bu)赋，临丧不(bu)(bu)诔，硃(zhu)彤(tong)、赵整等推其妙速(su)。旅力雄勇，骑(qi)射击(ji)刺，百夫之(zhi)(zhi)敌也(ye)。铨综内外，刑政(zheng)修(xiu)理，进才(cai)理滞(zhi)，王(wang)景略(lve)之(zhi)(zhi)流也(ye)。尤善断狱，奸无(wu)所容，故为坚所委任。
后为(wei)(wei)司隶(li)校(xiao)尉。京兆人(ren)(ren)董丰游学(xue)三年而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)返(fan)(fan)，过宿(su)妻(qi)(qi)家，是(shi)夜妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)贼所杀(sha)。妻(qi)(qi)兄(xiong)疑丰杀(sha)之(zhi)，送丰有(you)司。丰不(bu)(bu)堪楚掠，诬引杀(sha)妻(qi)(qi)。融察而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)疑之(zhi)，问(wen)曰(yue)(yue)：“汝行(xing)往还(hai)，颇有(you)怪异及(ji)卜(bu)筮(shi)(shi)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)？”丰曰(yue)(yue)：“初(chu)将发(fa)，夜梦(meng)乘马(ma)(ma)南(nan)(nan)渡水(shui)(shui)(shui)，返(fan)(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)北(bei)渡，复自(zi)北(bei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)南(nan)(nan)，马(ma)(ma)停水(shui)(shui)(shui)中，鞭策不(bu)(bu)去。俯而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)视之(zhi)，见两(liang)日在于(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)下，马(ma)(ma)左白而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)湿(shi)，右黑而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)燥。寤(wu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)心悸(ji)，窃以(yi)为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)祥。还(hai)之(zhi)夜，复梦(meng)如初(chu)，问(wen)之(zhi)筮(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，筮(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)云：‘忧狱讼，远三枕(zhen)(zhen)，避三沐(mu)(mu)(mu)。’既至，妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)具沐(mu)(mu)(mu)，夜授丰枕(zhen)(zhen)。丰记筮(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)言，皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)从(cong)之(zhi)。妻(qi)(qi)乃自(zi)沐(mu)(mu)(mu)，枕(zhen)(zhen)枕(zhen)(zhen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寝。”融曰(yue)(yue)：“吾知(zhi)之(zhi)矣。《周易(yi)(yi)》《坎(kan)》为(wei)(wei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，马(ma)(ma)为(wei)(wei)《离》，梦(meng)乘马(ma)(ma)南(nan)(nan)渡，旋北(bei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)南(nan)(nan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，从(cong)《坎(kan)》之(zhi)《离》。三爻(yao)同变，变而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)《离》。《离》为(wei)(wei)中女，《坎(kan)》为(wei)(wei)中男。两(liang)日，二夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)象。《坎(kan)》为(wei)(wei)执(zhi)法(fa)吏。吏诘其(qi)夫(fu)(fu)，妇人(ren)(ren)被(bei)流血而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)死。《坎(kan)》二阴一(yi)阳(yang)，《离》二阳(yang)一(yi)阴，相承(cheng)易(yi)(yi)位。《离》下《坎(kan)》上，《既济》，文(wen)王遇之(zhi)囚(qiu)牖里，有(you)礼而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生，无礼而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)死。马(ma)(ma)左而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)湿(shi)，湿(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)也(ye)，左水(shui)(shui)(shui)右马(ma)(ma)，冯(feng)字也(ye)。两(liang)日，昌字也(ye)。其(qi)冯(feng)昌杀(sha)之(zhi)乎！”于(yu)是(shi)推(tui)检，获昌而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)诘之(zhi)，昌具首(shou)服，曰(yue)(yue)：“本与其(qi)妻(qi)(qi)谋杀(sha)董丰，期以(yi)新沐(mu)(mu)(mu)枕(zhen)(zhen)枕(zhen)(zhen)为(wei)(wei)验(yan)，是(shi)以(yi)误中妇人(ren)(ren)。”在冀(ji)州，有(you)老母(mu)遇劫于(yu)路，母(mu)扬声(sheng)唱盗(dao)(dao)，行(xing)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)母(mu)逐之(zhi)。既擒劫者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，劫者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)返(fan)(fan)诬行(xing)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)盗(dao)(dao)。时日垂暮，母(mu)及(ji)路人(ren)(ren)莫知(zhi)孰是(shi)，乃俱送之(zhi)。融见而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)笑曰(yue)(yue)：“此易(yi)(yi)知(zhi)耳(er)，可二人(ren)(ren)并走(zou)，先(xian)出凤(feng)阳(yang)门者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)非盗(dao)(dao)。”既而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)还(hai)入(ru)，融正色(se)谓后出者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)：“汝真(zhen)是(shi)盗(dao)(dao)，何以(yi)诬人(ren)(ren)！”其(qi)发(fa)奸摘伏(fu)，皆(jie)(jie)此类(lei)也(ye)。所在盗(dao)(dao)贼止息，路不(bu)(bu)拾(shi)遗(yi)。坚及(ji)朝臣(chen)雅皆(jie)(jie)叹服，州郡疑狱莫不(bu)(bu)折之(zhi)于(yu)融。融观(guan)色(se)察形，无不(bu)(bu)尽其(qi)情(qing)状(zhuang)。虽镇关(guan)东(dong)，朝之(zhi)大事靡不(bu)(bu)驰驿与融议之(zhi)。
性至孝，初届冀州(zhou)，遣使(shi)(shi)参问其(qi)母动止，或日有(you)再三。坚以为烦，月(yue)听一使(shi)(shi)。后上疏请还侍(shi)养，坚遣使(shi)(shi)慰喻不(bu)许。久(jiu)之，征拜侍(shi)中、中书(shu)监、都督中外诸军(jun)(jun)事、车(che)骑大将军(jun)(jun)、司隶校尉、太子太傅、领宗(zong)正、录尚书(shu)事。俄转司徒，融苦让不(bu)受。融为将善谋略，好施爱士，专方征伐，必有(you)殊(shu)功(gong)。
坚(jian)既(ji)有(you)意荆、扬，时(shi)慕容垂(chui)、姚苌(chang)等常说坚(jian)以平(ping)吴封禅(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，坚(jian)谓江(jiang)东可(ke)平(ping)，寝(qin)不(bu)暇旦。融(rong)每谏曰：“知(zhi)(zhi)足(zu)不(bu)辱，知(zhi)(zhi)止不(bu)殆，穷兵极武(wu)，未有(you)不(bu)亡。且国(guo)(guo)家(jia)，戎族也(ye)，正朔(shuo)会不(bu)归(gui)人(ren)。江(jiang)东虽不(bu)绝如綖，然天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)相，终不(bu)可(ke)灭。”坚(jian)曰：“帝王历数岂(qi)有(you)常哉，惟德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)授耳(er)！汝(ru)所(suo)以不(bu)如吾(wu)者，正病此(ci)不(bu)达变(bian)通大运(yun)。刘禅(shan)(shan)可(ke)非汉(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗祚，然终为中国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)并。吾(wu)将任汝(ru)以天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，奈何事事折(zhe)吾(wu)，沮(ju)坏大谋！汝(ru)尚如此(ci)，况(kuang)于众乎！”坚(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)将入(ru)寇(kou)也(ye)，融(rong)又切切谏曰：“陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)听信鲜卑、羌虏谄(chan)谀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言，采纳(na)良家(jia)少年利口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说，臣恐(kong)非但无成(cheng)，亦(yi)大事去矣(yi)。垂(chui)、苌(chang)皆(jie)我(wo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仇敌(di)，思闻风尘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变(bian)，冀因之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以逞其凶德(de)。少年等皆(jie)富足(zu)子弟，希关军旅，苟说佞(ning)谄(chan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言，以会陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，不(bu)足(zu)采也(ye)。”坚(jian)弗(fu)纳(na)。及淮南(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)败(bai)，垂(chui)、苌(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)叛，坚(jian)悼(dao)恨弥深。
苻朗，字元达，坚(jian)之从兄(xiong)子也。性宏(hong)达，神气爽迈(mai)，幼怀远操(cao)，不屑时荣。坚(jian)尝目(mu)之曰(yue)：“吾(wu)家千(qian)里驹也。”征拜镇(zhen)东(dong)将军、青州刺史，封乐安男(nan)，不得(de)已(yi)起(qi)而就官(guan)。及为方伯，有若素士，耽(dan)玩(wan)经籍(ji)，手不释卷，每谈(tan)虚语玄，不觉日之将夕；登(deng)涉(she)山水，不知老之将至。在任甚(shen)有称(cheng)绩。
后晋遣淮阴太(tai)守高素伐青(qing)州(zhou)，朗(lang)遣使诣(yi)谢玄(xuan)于(yu)彭城求(qiu)降，玄(xuan)表朗(lang)许之，诏(zhao)加员外(wai)散骑侍郎。既至扬州(zhou)，风流迈(mai)于(yu)一时，超然(ran)自得，志陵万物，所与悟(wu)言(yan)，不过一二人而(er)已。骠骑长史王忱，江东之俊(jun)秀(xiu)，闻(wen)而(er)诣(yi)之，朗(lang)称(cheng)疾不见。沙门释(shi)法汰问朗(lang)曰(yue)：“见王吏部(bu)兄弟(di)未？”朗(lang)曰(yue)：“吏部(bu)为谁？非人面而(er)狗心、狗面而(er)人心兄弟(di)者乎(hu)？”王忱丑而(er)才慧(hui)，国宝(bao)美貌(mao)而(er)才劣于(yu)弟(di)，故朗(lang)云然(ran)。汰怅然(ran)自失。其忤物侮人，皆(jie)此类也。
谢安常设宴请之(zhi)(zhi)，朝士盈(ying)坐，并机褥壶席。朗(lang)(lang)每事欲夸之(zhi)(zhi)，唾(tuo)(tuo)则令小兒跪而(er)张口，既唾(tuo)(tuo)而(er)含出，顷(qing)复(fu)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)，坐者为(wei)不及之(zhi)(zhi)远也。又善识味，咸(xian)酢(zuo)及肉皆(jie)(jie)别所由。会(hui)稽王司马道子为(wei)朗(lang)(lang)设盛馔，极江(jiang)左(zuo)精肴。食讫，问(wen)曰：“关(guan)中之(zhi)(zhi)食孰若(ruo)此(ci)？”答(da)曰：“皆(jie)(jie)好，惟盐(yan)味小生耳。”既问(wen)宰夫(fu)，皆(jie)(jie)如(ru)其(qi)言。或人杀鸡以(yi)食之(zhi)(zhi)，既进(jin)，朗(lang)(lang)曰：“此(ci)鸡栖(qi)恆半露。”检之(zhi)(zhi)，皆(jie)(jie)验。又食鹅肉，知黑白之(zhi)(zhi)处。人不信，记(ji)而(er)试之(zhi)(zhi)，无豪厘之(zhi)(zhi)差。时(shi)人咸(xian)以(yi)为(wei)知味。
后(hou)数年，王国(guo)宝谮而(er)杀之(zhi)。王忱将为荆州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)，待杀朗而(er)后(hou)发。临刑，志(zhi)色自若(ruo)，为诗曰：“四大起何因？聚散(san)无穷已。既过(guo)一生(sheng)中，又入(ru)一死理。冥心乘和暢(chang)，未觉(jue)有终(zhong)始。如何箕山夫，奄(yan)焉处东市！旷此百(bai)年期，远(yuan)同嵇叔子。命(ming)也归自天，委化任冥纪。”著《苻子》数十篇行于世，亦《老》《庄》之(zhi)流也。
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