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晋书 载记第二十一在线阅读

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晋书--载记第二(er)十(shi)一

李雄 李班(ban) 李期 李寿(shou) 李势


  李雄(xiong),字仲(zhong)俊(jun),特第(di)三子也。母罗氏(shi),梦双虹自门升天(tian),一(yi)虹中断,既而生荡(dang)。后罗氏(shi)因(yin)汲水,忽然如(ru)寐,又(you)梦大蛇(she)绕(rao)其(qi)身,遂有孕,十(shi)四(si)月而生雄(xiong)。常言吾二子若(ruo)有先亡(wang),在者(zhe)(zhe)必大贵。荡(dang)竟前(qian)死。雄(xiong)身长八尺三寸,美容貌(mao)。少以烈气闻,每周旋乡里,识达之士(shi)皆(jie)器重之。有刘化者(zhe)(zhe),道(dao)术士(shi)也,每谓人(ren)曰(yue):“关、陇之士(shi)皆(jie)当(dang)南移,李氏(shi)子中惟仲(zhong)俊(jun)有奇表,终(zhong)为人(ren)主(zhu)。”

特(te)(te)起兵于(yu)(yu)(yu)蜀(shu),承制,以雄(xiong)为前将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。流死,雄(xiong)自(zi)称(cheng)大(da)都(dou)督、大(da)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)、益州牧,都(dou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)郫(pi)城。罗尚(shang)遣将(jiang)攻雄(xiong),雄(xiong)击走(zou)之(zhi)。李骧攻犍为,断尚(shang)运道,尚(shang)军(jun)(jun)大(da)馁,攻之(zhi)又急,遂留牙门(men)罗特(te)(te)固(gu)守,尚(shang)委(wei)城夜遁。特(te)(te)开门(men)内雄(xiong),遂克(ke)成都(dou)。于(yu)(yu)(yu)时雄(xiong)军(jun)(jun)饥甚,乃(nai)率众就谷于(yu)(yu)(yu)郪,掘野芋(yu)而食之(zhi)。蜀(shu)人流散,东下江阳,南入七郡(jun)。雄(xiong)以西山范长生岩(yan)居(ju)穴处(chu),求(qiu)道养(yang)志,欲迎立为君而臣之(zhi)。长生固(gu)辞。雄(xiong)乃(nai)深自(zi)挹损(sun),不敢称(cheng)制,事(shi)无巨细,皆决于(yu)(yu)(yu)李国(guo)、李离(li)兄弟。国(guo)等事(shi)雄(xiong)弥谨。

诸将(jiang)固请雄(xiong)(xiong)即(ji)尊(zun)位,以永兴(xing)元(yuan)年(nian)僭称成都王(wang),赦(she)其(qi)(qi)(qi)境内(nei),建(jian)元(yuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)建(jian)兴(xing),除(chu)晋法(fa),约(yue)法(fa)七章。以其(qi)(qi)(qi)叔(shu)父骧为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)傅(fu)(fu),兄(xiong)始为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)保,折冲(chong)李离为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)尉(wei),建(jian)威李云为(wei)(wei)(wei)司徙(xi),翊军(jun)李璜为(wei)(wei)(wei)司空(kong),材官李国(guo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)宰,其(qi)(qi)(qi)余拜授各(ge)有差。追(zhui)尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)曾祖武(wu)(wu)曰(yue)巴郡桓公,祖慕陇西襄王(wang),父特(te)成都景王(wang),母(mu)罗氏曰(yue)王(wang)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)。范长生自西山乘素舆(yu)诣成都,雄(xiong)(xiong)迎之于门,执版延坐(zuo),拜丞相(xiang),尊(zun)曰(yue)范贤(xian)。长生劝(quan)雄(xiong)(xiong)称尊(zun)号(hao),雄(xiong)(xiong)于是僭即(ji)帝位,赦(she)其(qi)(qi)(qi)境内(nei),改(gai)年(nian)曰(yue)太(tai)(tai)武(wu)(wu)。追(zhui)尊(zun)父特(te)曰(yue)景帝,庙号(hao)始祖,母(mu)罗氏为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)后(hou)。加范长生为(wei)(wei)(wei)天地太(tai)(tai)师,封(feng)西山侯,复其(qi)(qi)(qi)部(bu)曲不豫(yu)军(jun)征(zheng),租税一入(ru)其(qi)(qi)(qi)家。雄(xiong)(xiong)时(shi)建(jian)国(guo)草创,素无法(fa)式(shi),诸将(jiang)恃恩(en),各(ge)争班位。其(qi)(qi)(qi)尚(shang)书令(ling)阎式(shi)上疏曰(yue):“夫为(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)制法(fa),勋尚(shang)仍旧。汉、晋故事,惟太(tai)(tai)尉(wei)、大(da)司马(ma)执兵,太(tai)(tai)傅(fu)(fu)、太(tai)(tai)保父兄(xiong)之官,论道之职,司徙(xi)、司空(kong)掌五教九(jiu)土之差。秦置丞相(xiang),总(zong)领万机。汉武(wu)(wu)之末(mo),越以大(da)将(jiang)军(jun)统政。今国(guo)业初建(jian),凡百末(mo)备,诸公大(da)将(jiang)班位有差,降而兢(jing)请施置,不与典(dian)故相(xiang)应,宜立制度(du)以为(wei)(wei)(wei)楷式(shi)。”雄(xiong)(xiong)从之。

遣李国、李云等率众(zhong)二万寇汉中(zhong),梁州刺史(shi)张殷奔(ben)于长安(an)。国等陷南郑(zheng),尽徙汉中(zhong)人于蜀。

先是,南土频岁饥疫,死者十(shi)万计。南夷校尉李毅固守不降,雄诱建(jian)宁夷使讨之。毅病(bing)卒(zu),城陷(xian),杀壮士三千(qian)余人,送妇(fu)女(nv)千(qian)口于(yu)成都(dou)。

时李离据梓(zi)潼,其部将罗羕、张金苟等(deng)杀离及阎式,以(yi)(yi)梓(zi)潼归于(yu)罗尚。尚遣(qian)其将向奋(fen)屯安汉之(zhi)宜福(fu)以(yi)(yi)逼(bi)雄(xiong)(xiong),雄(xiong)(xiong)率众攻奋(fen),不(bu)克。时李国镇(zhen)巴西,其帐(zhang)下文(wen)硕又杀国,以(yi)(yi)巴西降尚。雄(xiong)(xiong)乃引还,遣(qian)其将张宝袭梓(zi)潼,陷(xian)之(zhi)。会(hui)罗尚卒,巴郡乱,李骧(xiang)攻涪,又陷(xian)之(zhi),执梓(zi)潼太守谯登(deng),遂乘胜进军讨(tao)文(wen)硕,害(hai)之(zhi)。雄(xiong)(xiong)大悦(yue),赦其境(jing)内,改元曰玉衡。

雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)母(mu)罗氏死,雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)信巫觋(xi)者之言(yan)(yan),多有忌(ji)讳,至欲不(bu)(bu)葬。其(qi)司空赵(zhao)肃谏(jian),雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)乃(nai)从之。雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)欲申三年之礼,群臣(chen)固谏(jian),雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弗许(xu)。李骧(xiang)谓司空上(shang)官惇曰(yue):“今方难(nan)未弭,吾欲固谏(jian),不(bu)(bu)听主上(shang)终谅(liang)闇(an),君以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)何如?”惇曰(yue):“三年之丧,自天(tian)子达于庶(shu)人(ren),故孔子曰(yue):‘何必高宗,古之人(ren)皆然。’但(dan)汉(han)、魏以(yi)(yi)来,天(tian)下多难(nan),宗庙至重,不(bu)(bu)可久(jiu)旷,故释(shi)衰绖,至哀而已。”骧(xiang)曰(yue):“任回(hui)方至,此人(ren)决(jue)于行(xing)事,且上(shang)常难(nan)达违(wei)言(yan)(yan),待其(qi)至,当与俱(ju)请(qing)。”及回(hui)至,骧(xiang)与回(hui)俱(ju)见雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)。骧(xiang)免(mian)冠(guan)流涕,固请(qing)公(gong)除(chu)。雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)号(hao)泣(qi)不(bu)(bu)许(xu)。回(hui)跪而进曰(yue):“今王(wang)业(ye)初建(jian),凡(fan)百草创,一(yi)日无(wu)主,天(tian)下惶惶。昔武(wu)王(wang)素甲(jia)观兵,晋襄(xiang)墨绖从戎,岂所(suo)愿哉(zai)?为(wei)(wei)天(tian)下屈己故也。愿陛下割情从权(quan),永(yong)隆天(tian)保。”遂(sui)强(qiang)扶雄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)起,释(shi)服(fu)亲(qin)政。

是时南(nan)得汉嘉(jia)、涪陵(ling),远人继至,雄(xiong)于是下宽大之令,降(jiang)附(fu)者皆假复除。虚(xu)己爱人,授用皆得其才,益(yi)州遂定。伪立其妻任(ren)氏为(wei)皇后。氐(di)王杨难敌(di)兄弟为(wei)刘曜所破,奔葭萌,遣子入质。陇西贼帅陈安又附(fu)之。

遣(qian)李骧(xiang)征越巂,太守(shou)李钊降(jiang)。骧(xiang)进军(jun)由小会攻(gong)宁州(zhou)刺(ci)史王逊,逊使其将(jiang)姚岳悉众(zhong)距(ju)战。骧(xiang)军(jun)不利,又遇霖雨(yu),骧(xiang)引军(jun)还,争济泸(lu)水,士众(zhong)多死。钊到(dao)成都(dou),雄待遇甚(shen)厚(hou),朝(chao)迁仪式,丧纪(ji)之(zhi)礼(li),皆决于钊。

杨难敌之(zhi)奔葭(jia)萌(meng)也,雄(xiong)安(an)北李(li)(li)稚(zhi)厚抚之(zhi),纵其兄弟还(hai)武都,难敌遂恃(shi)险多(duo)为不法(fa),稚(zhi)请讨之(zhi)。雄(xiong)遣(qian)中领军琀(han)(han)及将军乐次、费他(ta)、李(li)(li)乾(qian)等由白(bai)水桥(qiao)攻下辩(bian),征东李(li)(li)寿(shou)督琀(han)(han)弟玝攻阴平。难敌遣(qian)军距之(zhi),寿(shou)不得进,而琀(han)(han)、稚(zhi)长驱至武街。难敌遣(qian)兵断其归道,四(si)面攻之(zhi),获琀(han)(han)、稚(zhi),死(si)者(zhe)数千人。琀(han)(han)、稚(zhi),雄(xiong)兄荡之(zhi)子也。雄(xiong)深悼之(zhi),不食(shi)者(zhe)数日,言则流涕(ti),深自咎责焉。

其后将(jiang)立(li)荡(dang)子(zi)(zi)班为(wei)太子(zi)(zi)。雄(xiong)有子(zi)(zi)十余人,群臣咸(xian)欲立(li)雄(xiong)所(suo)生。雄(xiong)曰:“起兵之(zhi)(zhi)初,举手捍头(tou),本不(bu)(bu)希帝王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)业也(ye)(ye)。值天(tian)下丧(sang)乱(luan),晋氏播荡(dang),群情义举,志济(ji)涂炭,而诸君遂(sui)见推逼(bi),处王(wang)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)上。本之(zhi)(zhi)基业,功由先帝。吾兄嫡(di)统(tong),丕祚所(suo)归,恢懿明睿,殆天(tian)报命,大事垂(chui)克(ke),薨于戎战(zhan)。班姿性仁孝,好学夙成,必为(wei)名器。”李骧与司(si)徒王(wang)达谏(jian)曰:“先王(wang)树冢(zhong)嫡(di)者(zhe),所(suo)以防篡夺之(zhi)(zhi)萌,不(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)慎。吴子(zi)(zi)舍其子(zi)(zi)而立(li)其弟,所(suo)以有专诸之(zhi)(zhi)祸;宋宣不(bu)(bu)立(li)与夷(yi)而立(li)穆公(gong),卒(zu)有宋督之(zhi)(zhi)变。犹子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),岂若子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)?深愿陛下思(si)之(zhi)(zhi)。”雄(xiong)不(bu)(bu)从,竟立(li)班,骧退(tui)而流(liu)涕曰:“乱(luan)自此始矣!”

张(zhang)骏(jun)遣使(shi)(shi)遗(yi)雄(xiong)(xiong)书,劝去尊号,称籓于(yu)(yu)晋(jin)。雄(xiong)(xiong)复(fu)书曰:“吾过为士大(da)夫所推,然本无心于(yu)(yu)帝王也,进思(si)为晋(jin)室(shi)元功之(zhi)臣(chen),退思(si)共为守籓之(zhi)将,扫除氛埃,以(yi)康帝宇。而晋(jin)室(shi)陵迟,德声不振,引领(ling)东(dong)望,有(you)年月矣。会获来贶,情(qing)在暗室(shi),有(you)何已已。知欲远遵(zun)楚、汉,尊崇义(yi)(yi)帝,《春秋》之(zhi)义(yi)(yi),于(yu)(yu)斯莫大(da)。”骏(jun)重其言,使(shi)(shi)聘相(xiang)继(ji)。巴(ba)郡尝告急,云有(you)东(dong)军(jun)。雄(xiong)(xiong)曰:“吾尝虑石勒跋(ba)扈(hu),侵逼琅邪,以(yi)为耿(geng)耿(geng)。不图(tu)乃能举兵,使(shi)(shi)人欣然。”雄(xiong)(xiong)之(zhi)雅谭(tan),多如(ru)此类(lei)。

雄以中(zhong)(zhong)原丧乱(luan),乃(nai)频遣(qian)(qian)使朝贡,与(yu)晋(jin)穆(mu)帝(di)分(fen)天下(xia)(xia)。张(zhang)骏(jun)领秦、梁,先是(shi),遣(qian)(qian)傅颖假(jia)道于(yu)蜀,通(tong)(tong)表京(jing)师,雄弗(fu)许。骏(jun)又遣(qian)(qian)治中(zhong)(zhong)从事(shi)张(zhang)淳(chun)(chun)称籓于(yu)蜀,托以假(jia)道。雄大悦,谓淳(chun)(chun)曰(yue):“贵主(zhu)英名盖世,土(tu)险兵(bing)强,何不自称帝(di)一方?”淳(chun)(chun)曰(yue):“寡君以乃(nai)祖(zu)世济(ji)忠良(liang),未(wei)能雪天下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)耻(chi),解众人之(zhi)倒悬,日昃忘(wang)食,枕戈待旦。以琅(lang)邪中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing)江东,故万里翼戴,将(jiang)成桓文之(zhi)事(shi),何言(yan)自取邪!”雄有惭(can)色,曰(yue):“我乃(nai)祖(zu)乃(nai)父(fu)亦是(shi)晋(jin)臣,往与(yu)六郡(jun)避(bi)难(nan)此(ci)地,为(wei)同(tong)盟所推,遂有今(jin)日。琅(lang)邪若能中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing)大晋(jin)于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)夏,亦当率众辅之(zhi)。”淳(chun)(chun)还(hai),通(tong)(tong)表京(jing)师,天子嘉之(zhi)。

时李骧(xiang)死(si),以(yi)其(qi)子寿(shou)为(wei)大将(jiang)军、西夷(yi)校尉,督征南费(fei)黑、征东(dong)任巳攻(gong)陷巴东(dong),太守杨谦退保建(jian)平(ping)。寿(shou)别遣费(fei)黑寇(kou)建(jian)平(ping),晋巴东(dong)监军毌(guan)丘奥退保宜都。雄(xiong)遣李寿(shou)攻(gong)硃提(ti),以(yi)费(fei)黑、仰攀(pan)为(wei)前锋,又(you)遣镇南任回征木落,分(fen)宁(ning)州之援。宁(ning)州刺史尹奉降(jiang),遂有南中之地。雄(xiong)于是赦其(qi)境内,使班(ban)(ban)讨平(ping)宁(ning)州夷(yi),以(yi)班(ban)(ban)为(wei)抚军。

咸(xian)和八年(nian),雄生疡于头,六(liu)日死,时年(nian)六(liu)十(shi)一,在位三(san)十(shi)年(nian)。伪谥(shi)武(wu)帝,庙曰太宗,墓号安都陵(ling)。

雄(xiong)(xiong)性(xing)宽厚(hou)(hou),简刑约法,甚有(you)(you)名(ming)称。氐(di)苻成、隗文既降复叛,手伤雄(xiong)(xiong)母,及其(qi)来也(ye),咸释其(qi)罪,厚(hou)(hou)加待纳。由是夷(yi)夏安(an)(an)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),威震(zhen)四土。时海内大乱,而(er)蜀独无(wu)(wu)事(shi),故归之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者相(xiang)(xiang)寻(xun)。雄(xiong)(xiong)乃兴学(xue)校,置史官(guan),听览之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暇,手不(bu)(bu)释卷。其(qi)赋男丁(ding)岁谷三斛,女丁(ding)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),户调绢(juan)不(bu)(bu)过数丈,绵数两。事(shi)少役稀(xi),百(bai)姓富贵(gui),闾(lv)门不(bu)(bu)闭,无(wu)(wu)相(xiang)(xiang)侵(qin)盗。然雄(xiong)(xiong)意在(zai)招致远方,国用(yong)不(bu)(bu)足,故诸将每进金银(yin)珍宝,多(duo)有(you)(you)以(yi)得官(guan)者。丞相(xiang)(xiang)杨褒(bao)谏曰(yue):“陛下为天(tian)下主(zhu),当网罗四海,何有(you)(you)以(yi)官(guan)买(mai)金邪(xie)!”雄(xiong)(xiong)逊辞谢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。后雄(xiong)(xiong)尝(chang)酒醉(zui)而(er)推中书令(ling),杖(zhang)太官(guan)令(ling),褒(bao)进曰(yue):“天(tian)子穆(mu)穆(mu),诸侯(hou)皇(huang)皇(huang),安(an)(an)有(you)(you)天(tian)子而(er)为酗也(ye)!”雄(xiong)(xiong)即舍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。雄(xiong)(xiong)无(wu)(wu)事(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)出(chu),褒(bao)于后持矛驰马过雄(xiong)(xiong)。雄(xiong)(xiong)怪问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),对(dui)曰(yue):“夫统天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重,如(ru)臣乘(cheng)恶马而(er)持矛也(ye),急(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则虑自伤,缓(huan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则惧其(qi)失,是以(yi)马驰而(er)不(bu)(bu)制也(ye)。”雄(xiong)(xiong)寤,即还(hai)。雄(xiong)(xiong)为国无(wu)(wu)威仪,官(guan)无(wu)(wu)禄秩,班序不(bu)(bu)别,君子小(xiao)(xiao)人服(fu)章(zhang)不(bu)(bu)殊;行(xing)军无(wu)(wu)号(hao)令(ling),用(yong)兵无(wu)(wu)部队,战胜(sheng)不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)让,败不(bu)(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)救,攻城破(po)邑动(dong)以(yi)虏获为先。此其(qi)所以(yi)失也(ye)。

班字世文(wen)。初署平(ping)南将军,后立为(wei)太(tai)子(zi)。班谦虚博纳(na),敬爱(ai)儒贤,自何(he)点、李钊,班皆(jie)师之(zhi)(zhi),又引(yin)名士王(wang)嘏及(ji)陇西董融(rong)、天水文(wen)夔等以(yi)为(wei)宾友。每谓融(rong)等曰:“观周(zhou)景(jing)王(wang)太(tai)子(zi)晋、魏太(tai)子(zi)丕、吴(wu)太(tai)子(zi)孙登,文(wen)章鉴识(shi),超然卓绝,未尝(chang)不(bu)有惭(can)色(se)。何(he)古贤之(zhi)(zhi)高朗(lang),后人之(zhi)(zhi)莫逮(dai)也!”为(wei)性汎爱(ai),动修轨(gui)度。时(shi)诸李子(zi)弟皆(jie)尚奢靡,而班常戒厉之(zhi)(zhi)。每朝有大议,雄(xiong)辄令(ling)豫之(zhi)(zhi)。班以(yi)古者垦田(tian)均(jun)平(ping),贫富(fu)获所,今贵者广占荒(huang)田(tian),贫者种殖无(wu)地,富(fu)者以(yi)己(ji)所余而卖(mai)之(zhi)(zhi),此岂王(wang)者大均(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)义乎!雄(xiong)纳(na)之(zhi)(zhi)。及(ji)雄(xiong)寝疾,班昼夜侍侧。雄(xiong)少数攻(gong)战,多被伤夷,至(zhi)是疾甚(shen),痕皆(jie)脓溃,雄(xiong)子(zi)越(yue)等恶而远之(zhi)(zhi)。班为(wei)吮(shun)脓,殊无(wu)难色(se),每尝(chang)药流涕,不(bu)脱衣冠,其孝诚(cheng)如此。

雄(xiong)死,嗣伪位(wei),以(yi)(yi)李寿录尚书事(shi)辅政。班(ban)居中执丧礼,政事(shi)皆委寿及司徒(tu)何(he)点、尚书令王瑰等。越时(shi)镇江阳(yang),以(yi)(yi)班(ban)非雄(xiong)所生,意甚不(bu)平(ping)。至此,奔丧,与其(qi)弟期(qi)密计图之(zhi)(zhi)。李玝劝班(ban)遣(qian)越还(hai)江阳(yang),以(yi)(yi)期(qi)为梁州刺史,镇葭萌。班(ban)以(yi)(yi)未葬,不(bu)忍(ren)遣(qian),推诚居厚,心无纤芥。时(shi)有(you)白气二(er)道(dao)带天,太(tai)史令韩豹(bao)奏:“宫中有(you)阴谋兵气,戒(jie)在亲(qin)戚(qi)。”班(ban)不(bu)悟(wu)。咸(xian)和(he)九年,班(ban)因夜哭,越杀班(ban)于殡宫,时(shi)年四十七,在位(wei)一年,遂(sui)立雄(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)子期(qi)嗣位(wei)焉(yan)。

期(qi)字世运,雄第四子也。聪慧好学,弱冠能属文,轻财好施(shi),虚心招纳(na)。初为建威将军,雄令(ling)诸(zhu)子及宗室子弟以恩信合众,多者(zhe)不至数百(bai),而期(qi)独致千(qian)余人。其(qi)所(suo)表荐,雄多纳(na)之,故长(zhang)史列署颇(po)出其(qi)门(men)。

既杀班(ban),欲立越为(wei)主,越以期(qi)雄妻(qi)任(ren)氏所养,又多(duo)才(cai)艺(yi)(yi),乃(nai)让位(wei)于(yu)(yu)期(qi)。于(yu)(yu)是僭(jian)即皇(huang)帝位(wei),大赦(she)境(jing)内,改(gai)元玉恆。诛班(ban)弟都。使李(li)寿伐都弟玝(wu)于(yu)(yu)涪,玝(wu)弃城(cheng)降晋。封寿汉王(wang),拜梁州刺史、东(dong)羌校尉、中护军(jun)、录尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)事;封兄越建宁王(wang),拜相国、大将军(jun)、录尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)事。立妻(qi)阎(yan)氏为(wei)皇(huang)后。以其卫(wei)将军(jun)尹奉为(wei)右丞相、骠骑将军(jun)、尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)令,王(wang)瑰为(wei)司徒。期(qi)自以谋大事既果(guo),轻(qing)诸旧臣,外则信任(ren)尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)令景骞、尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)姚(yao)华、田褒。褒无他(ta)才(cai)艺(yi)(yi),雄时劝立期(qi),故宠(chong)待甚厚。内则信宦竖许涪等。国之刑政,希复关之卿(qing)相,庆(qing)赏威刑,皆决(jue)数人(ren)而已,于(yu)(yu)是纲(gang)维紊矣。乃(nai)诬其尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)仆射、武陵公李(li)载(zai)谋反,下(xia)狱死(si)。

先(xian)是(shi),晋建威(wei)将军司马勋(xun)屯汉中(zhong),期遣李寿(shou)攻(gong)而陷之,遂置守宰,戍南郑。

雄子霸、保并不病而(er)(er)死,皆云期(qi)(qi)鸩(zhen)杀(sha)之(zhi),于是(shi)(shi)大臣怀惧,人不自安(an)。天雨大鱼(yu)于宫(gong)中,其(qi)色(se)黄。又宫(gong)中豕犬交。期(qi)(qi)多所诛夷(yi),籍没妇女资财以(yi)实(shi)后庭(ting),内外凶(xiong)凶(xiong),道(dao)路以(yi)目(mu),谏(jian)者(zhe)获罪,人怀苟免。期(qi)(qi)又鸩(zhen)杀(sha)其(qi)安(an)北(bei)李(li)攸。攸,寿(shou)(shou)(shou)之(zhi)养弟也(ye)。于是(shi)(shi)与越及(ji)(ji)景骞(qian)(qian)、田褒、姚华谋袭寿(shou)(shou)(shou)等(deng),欲因烧(shao)市(shi)桥(qiao)而(er)(er)发兵。期(qi)(qi)又累遣中常侍(shi)(shi)许(xu)涪(fu)至寿(shou)(shou)(shou)所,伺其(qi)动静。及(ji)(ji)杀(sha)攸,寿(shou)(shou)(shou)大惧,又疑许(xu)涪(fu)往来之(zhi)数也(ye),乃(nai)率步骑(qi)一万,自涪(fu)向成都,表(biao)称景骞(qian)(qian)、田褒乱(luan)政(zheng),兴晋阳之(zhi)甲(jia),以(yi)除(chu)君侧(ce)之(zhi)恶。以(yi)李(li)奕(yi)为(wei)(wei)先登。寿(shou)(shou)(shou)到成都,期(qi)(qi)、越不虞其(qi)至,素(su)不备设,寿(shou)(shou)(shou)遂取其(qi)城,屯兵至门。期(qi)(qi)遣侍(shi)(shi)中劳寿(shou)(shou)(shou),寿(shou)(shou)(shou)奏相(xiang)国、建宁(ning)王(wang)越,尚(shang)书令(ling)、河南公(gong)景骞(qian)(qian),尚(shang)书田褒、姚华,中常侍(shi)(shi)许(xu)涪(fu),征西将(jiang)军(jun)李(li)遐及(ji)(ji)将(jiang)军(jun)李(li)西等(deng),皆怀奸乱(luan)政(zheng),谋倾社稷,大逆不道(dao),罪合夷(yi)灭。期(qi)(qi)从之(zhi),于是(shi)(shi)杀(sha)越、骞(qian)(qian)等(deng)。寿(shou)(shou)(shou)矫任氏令(ling),废期(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)邛都县公(gong),幽(you)之(zhi)别宫(gong)。期(qi)(qi)叹曰:“天下主乃(nai)当为(wei)(wei)小县公(gong),不如(ru)死也(ye)!”咸康三年,自缢而(er)(er)死,时(shi)年二十五,在位(wei)三年。谥曰幽(you)公(gong)。及(ji)(ji)葬,赐鸾(luan)辂九旒,余(yu)如(ru)王(wang)礼。雄之(zhi)子皆为(wei)(wei)寿(shou)(shou)(shou)所杀(sha)。

寿字(zi)武(wu)考,骧之子(zi)也。敏(min)而(er)好学,雅量(liang)豁然,少尚(shang)(shang)礼容(rong),异于李氏(shi)诸子(zi)。雄(xiong)(xiong)奇其才,以为足荷重任,拜前将军(jun)(jun)、督(du)(du)巴西军(jun)(jun)事,迁(qian)征东将军(jun)(jun)。时年十九,聘处士谯秀以为宾客,尽其谠言(yan),在(zai)巴西威惠(hui)甚著。骧死(si),迁(qian)大(da)(da)将军(jun)(jun)、大(da)(da)都(dou)督(du)(du)、侍中,封(feng)扶风公,录尚(shang)(shang)书(shu)事。征宁(ning)州,攻(gong)围百余日,悉平诸郡,雄(xiong)(xiong)大(da)(da)悦,封(feng)建宁(ning)王。雄(xiong)(xiong)死(si),受遗辅政。期立,改封(feng)汉(han)王,食梁(liang)州五郡,领梁(liang)州刺(ci)史。

寿(shou)(shou)(shou)威名远振,深(shen)(shen)为李(li)越、景骞等所(suo)惮,寿(shou)(shou)(shou)深(shen)(shen)忧之(zhi)。代李(li)玝屯涪(fu),每应(ying)期(qi)朝(chao)觐,常自陈边疆(jiang)寇警,不可旷镇,故得不朝(chao)。寿(shou)(shou)(shou)又见(jian)期(qi)、越兄弟十余人(ren)(ren)年方壮大,而并有(you)强兵(bing),惧不自全,乃(nai)(nai)数聘礼巴(ba)(ba)西(xi)龚壮。壮虽不应(ying)聘,数往见(jian)寿(shou)(shou)(shou)。时岷山崩,江水竭,寿(shou)(shou)(shou)恶之(zhi),每问壮以(yi)自安(an)之(zhi)术。壮以(yi)特杀其父(fu)及叔,欲(yu)假手报仇,未(wei)有(you)其由,因说寿(shou)(shou)(shou)曰(yue):“节(jie)下若能舍小从大,以(yi)危(wei)易安(an),则(ze)开国裂土,长为诸(zhu)侯,名高(gao)桓文,勋流(liu)百代矣。”寿(shou)(shou)(shou)从之(zhi),阴与长史略阳罗恆、巴(ba)(ba)西(xi)解思明(ming)共(gong)谋据成都,称籓归(gui)顺。乃(nai)(nai)誓文武,得数千人(ren)(ren),袭成都,克(ke)之(zhi),纵兵(bing)虏(lu)掠,至(zhi)乃(nai)(nai)奸略雄(xiong)女及李(li)氏诸(zhu)妇,多所(suo)残害,数日乃(nai)(nai)定。

恆(heng)与思(si)明(ming)及李奕(yi)、王利等劝寿称镇西将军、益(yi)州牧(mu)、成都王,称籓于晋(jin),而任(ren)调与司马(ma)蔡兴(xing)、侍中李艳及张烈等劝寿自立。寿命筮(shi)之,占(zhan)者曰:“可数(shu)年(nian)天(tian)子。”调喜曰:“一(yi)日尚为(wei)(wei)足,而况数(shu)年(nian)乎!”思(si)明(ming)曰:“数(shu)年(nian)天(tian)子,孰与百世诸侯!”寿曰:“朝闻(wen)道,夕死可矣。任(ren)侯之言(yan),策(ce)之上也。”遂(sui)以咸康四年(nian)僭(jian)即伪位,赦其(qi)境内,改元为(wei)(wei)汉兴(xing)。以董皎为(wei)(wei)相国,罗(luo)恆(heng)、马(ma)当为(wei)(wei)股肱,李奕(yi)、任(ren)调、李闳为(wei)(wei)爪牙,解(jie)思(si)明(ming)为(wei)(wei)谋主。以安车(che)束帛聘龚壮为(wei)(wei)太师,壮固辞,特(te)听缟(gao)巾(jin)素带,居(ju)师友之位。拔(ba)擢幽滞,处(chu)之显列。追(zhui)尊父骧为(wei)(wei)献帝,母昝氏为(wei)(wei)太后,立妻阎(yan)氏为(wei)(wei)皇后,世子势为(wei)(wei)太子。

有告广汉(han)太守(shou)李乾与(yu)大(da)(da)臣(chen)通谋,欲废(fei)寿者(zhe)。寿令其子广与(yu)大(da)(da)臣(chen)盟于(yu)前殿(dian),徙(xi)乾汉(han)嘉太守(shou)。大(da)(da)风暴雨(yu),震其端门(men)。寿深(shen)自悔责,命群(qun)臣(chen)极尽忠言,勿拘忌讳。

遣(qian)其(qi)(qi)散(san)骑常侍(shi)王嘏、中常侍(shi)王广(guang)聘于石(shi)季龙。先是,季龙遗寿(shou)(shou)书,欲连横(heng)入寇,约分天下。寿(shou)(shou)大(da)悦,乃大(da)修船舰,严兵缮甲(jia),吏(li)卒皆备候粮。以其(qi)(qi)尚(shang)书令马当为(wei)六军(jun)都督(du),假节(jie)钺(yue),营东场大(da)阅,军(jun)士七万(wan)(wan)余人(ren),舟师溯(su)江而(er)上。过(guo)成(cheng)都,鼓噪盈(ying)江,寿(shou)(shou)登(deng)城观之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)群(qun)(qun)臣咸曰:“我国小(xiao)众寡,吴、会险(xian)远,图之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未易(yi)。”解思(si)明(ming)又切谏恳(ken)至(zhi),寿(shou)(shou)于是命群(qun)(qun)臣陈其(qi)(qi)利害。龚壮谏曰:“陛下与胡通(tong),孰如与晋通(tong)?胡,豺狼国也(ye)。晋既灭,不得不北面事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)争天下,则(ze)强弱势异。此虞、虢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)范,已然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)戒(jie),愿陛下熟(shu)虑(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”群(qun)(qun)臣以壮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言为(wei)然(ran),叩(kou)头(tou)泣谏,寿(shou)(shou)乃止(zhi),士众咸称(cheng)万(wan)(wan)岁。

遣其镇(zhen)东大将军李奕(yi)征牂柯(ke),太守谢恕(shu)保(bao)城距守者积(ji)日(ri),不拔(ba)。会奕(yi)粮(liang)尽,引还。

寿以其太子势领大将军、录(lu)尚书事。

寿(shou)承雄宽(kuan)俭(jian),新行篡(cuan)夺,因循雄政,未逞其志(zhi)欲(yu)。会(hui)李闳、王嘏从(cong)鄴还,盛(sheng)称(cheng)季龙(long)威强,宫观美丽,鄴中殷(yin)实(shi)。寿(shou)又(you)闻(wen)季龙(long)虐用刑法,王逊(xun)亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)杀(sha)罚(fa)御下(xia),并能控(kong)制邦域,寿(shou)心欣慕,人有小过,辄杀(sha)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立威。又(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郊甸(dian)未实(shi),都(dou)邑空(kong)虚,工(gong)匠器(qi)械,事(shi)未充盈,乃徙旁郡户三(san)丁已(yi)上(shang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)实(shi)成都(dou),兴(xing)尚方御府,发(fa)州郡工(gong)巧以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)充之(zhi),广修宫室,引水入城,务于(yu)奢侈。又(you)广太学(xue),起宴殿。百姓疲于(yu)使役(yi),呼嗟满道,思乱者十室而九矣。其左仆射蔡兴(xing)切(qie)谏(jian),寿(shou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)诽谤,诛之(zhi)。右仆射李嶷数(shu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直言忏旨,寿(shou)积忿非一,托以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)他罪,下(xia)狱杀(sha)之(zhi)。

寿疾笃,常(chang)见李(li)期(qi)、蔡兴为祟(sui)。八年(nian)(nian),寿死,时年(nian)(nian)四十四,在位五年(nian)(nian)。伪谥昭文(wen)帝,庙曰(yue)中宗,墓曰(yue)安昌陵。

寿初为(wei)(wei)王,好学爱士,庶几善道,每览良将贤相建功立事者(zhe),未(wei)尝不(bu)反(fan)覆诵(song)之(zhi),故(gu)能(neng)征伐四克,辟国千里。雄(xiong)(xiong)既垂(chui)心于(yu)上,寿亦尽诚于(yu)下(xia),号为(wei)(wei)贤相。及即伪位之(zhi)后(hou),改立宗庙,以(yi)(yi)(yi)父骧为(wei)(wei)汉始祖(zu)庙,特(te)、雄(xiong)(xiong)为(wei)(wei)大成(cheng)庙,又下(xia)书(shu)言(yan)与(yu)期、越别族,凡诸制度,皆(jie)有改易。公(gong)卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),率用己之(zhi)僚佐,雄(xiong)(xiong)时旧臣及六郡士人,皆(jie)见废黜(chu)。寿初病,思明(ming)(ming)等复(fu)议奉王室,寿不(bu)从。李演自(zi)越巂上书(shu),劝寿归正返(fan)本,释帝称王,寿怒(nu)杀(sha)之(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)威(wei)龚壮(zhuang)、思明(ming)(ming)等。壮(zhuang)作诗七篇(pian),托(tuo)言(yan)应璩以(yi)(yi)(yi)讽寿。寿报曰:“省诗知意,若(ruo)今人所(suo)作,贤哲之(zhi)话言(yan)也。古(gu)人所(suo)作,死鬼之(zhi)常辞耳!”动慕汉武、魏(wei)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)所(suo)为(wei)(wei),耻闻父兄(xiong)时事,上书(shu)者(zhe)不(bu)得言(yan)先世政(zheng)化,自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)己胜之(zhi)也。

势(shi)(shi)字子(zi)仁,寿(shou)之长子(zi)也。初,寿(shou)妻(qi)阎(yan)氏无子(zi),骧杀李凤,为寿(shou)纳凤女,生势(shi)(shi)。期爱(ai)势(shi)(shi)姿貌(mao),拜翊军(jun)将军(jun)、汉王世子(zi)。势(shi)(shi)身长七尺九(jiu)寸(cun),腰带十四围,善于俯(fu)仰,时(shi)人异之。寿(shou)死(si),势(shi)(shi)嗣伪位,赦(she)其境内,改元曰(yue)太和。尊母阎(yan)氏为太后,妻(qi)李氏为皇后。

太史令韩皓奏(zou)荧惑守(shou)心,以过(guo)庙(miao)礼废,势命群臣议之。其相国董皎(jiao)、侍(shi)中(zhong)王嘏等以为(wei)景武昌(chang)业(ye),献文承基(ji),至亲不远,无宜疏绝。势更令祭特(te)、雄(xiong),同号曰汉王。

势弟(di)(di)大将军、汉王广(guang)以(yi)势无子,求(qiu)为(wei)太弟(di)(di),势弗许。马当、解思(si)明(ming)以(yi)势兄弟(di)(di)不多(duo),若(ruo)有所废,则益孤危,固劝许之。势疑当等(deng)与广(guang)有谋,遣其太保李奕袭广(guang)于涪城,命(ming)董皎(jiao)收马当、思(si)明(ming)斩之,夷(yi)其三族。贬广(guang)为(wei)临(lin)邛侯,广(guang)自杀(sha)。思(si)明(ming)有计谋,强谏诤,马当甚(shen)得人心。自此之后(hou),无复(fu)纪纲及谏诤者。

李奕(yi)(yi)自晋寿举(ju)兵反之,蜀人多有从奕(yi)(yi)者,众至(zhi)数万。势(shi)登城(cheng)距战(zhan)。奕(yi)(yi)单骑突门,门者射而杀之,众乃(nai)溃散。势(shi)既诛奕(yi)(yi),大赦境内,改年嘉(jia)宁。

初,蜀(shu)土无獠,至(zhi)此,始从山而出(chu),北至(zhi)犍(jian)为(wei),梓(zi)潼,布在(zai)山谷,十余万落,不可禁制(zhi),大为(wei)百(bai)姓之(zhi)(zhi)患。势既骄吝,而性爱财色,常杀人而取其妻,荒淫不恤(xu)国事。夷獠叛乱,军守离(li)缺,境宇日(ri)蹙。加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)荒俭,性多忌害,诛残大臣(chen),刑(xing)狱(yu)滥加(jia),人怀危惧。斥外父祖臣(chen)佐(zuo),亲任左右小人,群(qun)小因行威福。又常居内,少见公卿。史(shi)官屡陈(chen)灾(zai)谴,乃加(jia)董皎太(tai)师(shi),以名位(wei)优之(zhi)(zhi),实欲与(yu)分灾(zai)眚(sheng)。

大司马桓温(wen)率水(shui)军(jun)(jun)伐势(shi)(shi)。温(wen)次青衣,势(shi)(shi)大发军(jun)(jun)距守,又遣李福(fu)与(yu)昝(zan)坚(jian)等数千人(ren)(ren)从(cong)(cong)山阳(yang)趣合(he)水(shui)距温(wen)。谓(wei)温(wen)从(cong)(cong)步(bu)道而(er)上(shang),诸(zhu)将(jiang)皆欲设伏(fu)于(yu)江南以(yi)(yi)待(dai)王(wang)(wang)师(shi),昝(zan)坚(jian)不从(cong)(cong),率诸(zhu)军(jun)(jun)从(cong)(cong)江北鸳鸯碕渡向(xiang)犍为,而(er)温(wen)从(cong)(cong)山阳(yang)出江南,昝(zan)坚(jian)到(dao)犍为,方知与(yu)温(wen)异道,乃(nai)回从(cong)(cong)沙头(tou)津(jin)北渡。及(ji)坚(jian)至(zhi),温(wen)已造成都之十里陌,昝(zan)坚(jian)众自(zi)(zi)溃。温(wen)至(zhi)城下,纵火烧其(qi)大城诸(zhu)门(men)(men)。势(shi)(shi)众惶(huang)惧,无(wu)复固(gu)志,其(qi)中书监王(wang)(wang)嘏、散骑常(chang)侍(shi)常(chang)璩等劝势(shi)(shi)降。势(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)问侍(shi)中冯孚(fu),孚(fu)言:“昔(xi)吴汉(han)征(zheng)蜀(shu),尽诛公孙氏。今(jin)晋下书,不赦诸(zhu)李,虽(sui)降,恐(kong)无(wu)全理。”势(shi)(shi)乃(nai)夜出东门(men)(men),与(yu)昝(zan)坚(jian)走至(zhi)晋寿,然后送降文于(yu)温(wen)曰(yue):“伪嘉宁二年(nian)三月十七日(ri),略阳(yang)李势(shi)(shi)叩头(tou)死罪(zui)。伏(fu)惟(wei)大将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)节下,先人(ren)(ren)播流,恃险因衅,窃自(zi)(zi)汶、蜀(shu)。势(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)暗弱,复统未(wei)绪,偷安荏苒(ran),未(wei)能改图。猥(wei)烦硃轩,践冒(mao)险阻(zu)。将(jiang)士狂愚(yu),干犯天(tian)威(wei)。仰惭(can)俯(fu)愧,精魂飞(fei)散,甘受斧锧,以(yi)(yi)衅军(jun)(jun)鼓。伏(fu)惟(wei)大晋,天(tian)网(wang)恢弘(hong),泽及(ji)四海,恩(en)过阳(yang)日(ri)。逼迫仓卒,自(zi)(zi)投草野。即日(ri)到(dao)白水(shui)城,谨遣私署散骑常(chang)侍(shi)王(wang)(wang)幼奉(feng)笺以(yi)(yi)闻,并敕州(zhou)郡(jun)投戈释杖。穷(qiong)池之鱼,待(dai)命漏刻。”势(shi)(shi)寻舆榇(chen)面缚(fu)军(jun)(jun)门(men)(men),温(wen)解其(qi)缚(fu),焚(fen)其(qi)榇(chen),迁势(shi)(shi)及(ji)弟(di)福(fu)、从(cong)(cong)兄权亲族十余(yu)人(ren)(ren)于(yu)健康,封势(shi)(shi)归义(yi)侯(hou)。升平五年(nian),死于(yu)建(jian)康。在位(wei)五年(nian)而(er)败。

始,李特以(yi)惠帝太安元年(nian)起兵,至(zhi)此六世,凡(fan)四十六年(nian),以(yi)穆帝永和三(san)年(nian)灭。

史臣曰(yue):昔周德(de)方隆,古(gu)公切(qie)逾梁(liang)之(zhi)患;汉(han)祚斯(si)永,宣后兴渡湟之(zhi)师(shi)。是知戎狄乱华,衅深自古(gu),况乎巴(ba)、濮杂种,厥类实繁,资(zi)剽(piao)窃以全生,习犷(guang)悍而成俗。李特世传凶狡,早擅枭(xiao)雄,太(tai)息剑门,志(zhi)吞(tun)井络。属晋纲之(zhi)落纽(niu),乘罗侯之(zhi)无断(duan),骋马属犍,同声云集,歼殄蜀、汉(han),荐食巴(ba)、梁(liang),沃野无半菽(shu)之(zhi)资(zi),华阳有(you)析骸(hai)之(zhi)衅。盖上(shang)失其道,覆败之(zhi)至于斯(si)!

仲俊天(tian)挺(ting)英姿,见称奇(qi)伟,摧(cui)锋累载,克(ke)隆霸(ba)业。蹈玄德之(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)基,掩子阳(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)地,薄赋而(er)(er)绥弊俗,约(yue)法而(er)(er)悦(yue)新邦,拟(ni)于其(qi)伦,实孙权之(zhi)(zhi)亚也。若夫(fu)立子以(yi)嫡,往哲(zhe)通训,继体承基,前(qian)修(xiu)茂范(fan)。而(er)(er)雄暗经国之(zhi)(zhi)远图,蹈匹(pi)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)小节,传大(da)统(tong)于犹(you)子。托强(qiang)兵于厥(jue)胤。遗骸莫敛,寻戈之(zhi)(zhi)衅已深(shen);星(xing)纪(ji)未周,倾巢之(zhi)(zhi)衅便(bian)及。虽(sui)云天(tian)道,抑亦人(ren)谋。

班(ban)以(yi)宽爱罹灾,期以(yi)暴戾速祸,殊涂并失(shi),异术(shu)同亡。武考凭藉世资,穷兵窃位,罪百周带,毒甚楚围,获保归全,何其(qi)幸也!子仁承(cheng)绪,继传昏虐(nve),驱率余烬,敢(gan)距(ju)大(da)邦。授甲(jia)晨征,则(ze)理均于困兽;斩(zhan)关宵遁(dun),则(ze)义殊于前(qian)禽。宜其(qi)悬首(shou)国门(men),以(yi)明大(da)戮,遂得礼同刘禅,不亦优乎!

赞(zan)曰:晋图(tu)驰驭,百六斯(si)钟(zhong)。天垂伏(fu)鳖,野战群龙(long)。李(li)特窥衅,盗我巴、庸。世历五朝,年将(jiang)四纪。篡杀(sha)移国,昏狂继轨。德之(zhi)不修,险亦难恃。 

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