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旧五代史 列传十九在线阅读

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列传十九

豆卢革,祖籍,同州刺史。父瓚,舒州刺史。《宣和书谱》云:失其世系。革少值乱离,避地鄜、延,转入中山,王处直礼之,辟于幕下,有奏记之誉。因牡丹会赋诗,讽处直以桑柘为意,言甚古雅,渐加器仰,转节度判官。而理家无法,独请谒处直,处直虑布政有缺,有所规谏,敛版出迎,乃为嬖人祈军职矣。

天祐末,庄宗(zong)将即位,讲求(qiu)辅(fu)相(xiang),卢质以名家(jia)子(zi)举之(zhi)(zhi),征(zheng)拜(bai)行台左丞(cheng)相(xiang)。同(tong)光初,拜(bai)平章事。及登廊(lang)庙,事多错乱,至于官阶拟(ni)议,前后倒置(zhi),屡为省郎(lang)(lang)萧希甫骏正,革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)改之(zhi)(zhi),无难(nan)色。庄宗(zong)初定汴、洛,革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)引荐韦说,冀谙事体,与己同(tong)功。说既登庸,复事流品,举止(zhi)轻脱,怨归于革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)。又革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、说之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)俱授(shou)(shou)拾遗,父子(zi)同(tong)官,为人(ren)所刺,遂改授(shou)(shou)员外郎(lang)(lang)。革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)请(qing)说之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)涛为宏文馆学士(shi),说请(qing)革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)升为集贤学士(shi),交致阿私,有同(tong)市(shi)井,识者丑之(zhi)(zhi)。革(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)自作相(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)后,不以进贤劝能为务,唯事修炼,求(qiu)长生之(zhi)(zhi)术;尝服丹砂,呕血数日,垂死而愈(yu)。

天(tian)成(cheng)初(chu),将葬庄宗,以革为山(shan)陵使。及(ji)木(mu)主归庙(miao),不(bu)出私第,专俟旄(mao)镇,数日(ri)无(wu)耗,为亲友促(cu)令(ling)入朝。安重诲对众辱之(zhi)曰:“山(shan)陵使名(ming)衔尚(shang)在,不(bu)候新命(ming),便履公朝,意(yi)谓边(bian)人可欺也(ye)。”侧目者(zhe)闻之(zhi),思(si)有(you)所中。初(chu),萧希甫有(you)正谏之(zhi)望(wang),革尝阻之(zhi),遂上疏论革与(yu)说(shuo)苟且自(zi)容(rong),致君(jun)无(wu)状。复(fu)诬其纵(zong)田(tian)客(ke)杀(sha)人,冒(mao)元亨上第。遂贬(bian)为辰州(zhou)刺史,仍令(ling)所在驰驿发遣。后(hou)郑珏、任圜(yuan)等连上三章,请(qing)不(bu)行后(hou)命(ming),乃下制曰:“豆卢革、韦(wei)说(shuo)等,身为辅相(xiang),手握权衡(heng),或端坐称(cheng)臣,或半笑(xiao)奏事,于君(jun)无(wu)礼,举世(shi)宁容(rong)。革则(ze)暂委利权,便私俸(feng)禄,文武百(bai)辟皆从(cong)五月起(qi)支(zhi),父(fu)子二人偏(pian)自(zi)正初(chu)给遣。说(shuo)则(ze)自(zi)居重位(wei),全紊大纲。叙廕贪荣,乱兒(er)孙于昭穆(mu);卖官润屋,换令(ling)录之(zhi)身名(ming)。丑行叠(die)彰,群情共怒,虽居牧守,示塞非尤(you)。革可责(ze)授费州(zhou)司(si)户(hu)(hu)参军,说(shuo)可夷州(zhou)司(si)户(hu)(hu)参军,皆员(yuan)外置同(tong)正员(yuan),并所在驰驿发遣。”寻贬(bian)陵州(zhou)长(zhang)流百(bai)姓,委长(zhang)吏常(chang)知所在。天(tian)成(cheng)二年夏,诏令(ling)逐处刺史监赐自(zi)尽,其骨肉并放逐便。

子升,官至检校(xiao)正郎,服金紫,寻(xun)亦削夺(duo)。《宝晋(jin)斋法书(shu)赞》载(zai)豆卢(lu)革(ge)《田园帖》云:大德欲(yu)要一居处(chu),畿甸间(jian)旧无田园,鄜州虽有三(san)两(liang)处(chu)庄子,缘(yuan)百姓(xing)租佃多年(nian),累有令(ling)公大王(wang)(wang)(wang)书(shu)请(qing),却给还人(ren)户(hu),盖不(bu)欲(yu)侵夺(duo)疲民,兼虑无知之(zhi)辈,妄有影庇包役(yi)云云。岳珂曰:此帖乃与僧往(wang)还书(shu),其畏(wei)强籓(fan)避罪罟,盖栗栗渊冰(bing),然其后卒以故纵田客贬夜郎,正坐所畏(wei),信乎(hu)乱邦之(zhi)不(bu)可居也。是时(shi)据鄜乃高万(wan)兴,官检校(xiao)太师、中(zhong)书(shu)令(ling),封北平王(wang)(wang)(wang),即(ji)革(ge)所谓(wei)“令(ling)公大王(wang)(wang)(wang)”者。官故梁授,唐命维新,而颛(zhuan)面正朝(chao)者,不(bu)能(neng)致褫鞶之(zhi)诛,而反窃(qie)贡秉旄之(zhi)佞,唐之(zhi)不(bu)竞,有自来矣。

韦(wei)说(shuo),福(fu)建(jian)观察使岫(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)也(ye)。案:以(yi)下有阙文。庄宗定汴、洛,说(shuo)与赵(zhao)光(guang)允(yun)同制拜平章事(shi)(shi)。说(shuo)性谨重,奉职常不造事(shi)(shi)端。时郭崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬秉政,说(shuo)等(deng)承顺而已,政事(shi)(shi)得失(shi)(shi),无所措(cuo)言(yan)。初,或(huo)(huo)有言(yan)于崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬,铨选(xuan)(xuan)逾滥(lan),选(xuan)(xuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)(huo)取(qu)他人(ren)(ren)(ren)出身衔,或(huo)(huo)取(qu)父兄资绪(xu),与令史(shi)囊橐(tuo)罔冒,崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬乃(nai)条奏其(qi)事(shi)(shi)。其(qi)后郊(jiao)天,行事(shi)(shi)官(guan)(guan)数千人(ren)(ren)(ren),多有告敕伪滥(lan),因定去留(liu),涂(tu)毁告身者(zhe)(zhe)甚众(zhong),选(xuan)(xuan)人(ren)(ren)(ren)号哭都门(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)。议者(zhe)(zhe)亦以(yi)为积弊累年,一旦澄(cheng)汰(tai)太细,惧(ju)失(shi)(shi)惟新含垢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。时说(shuo)与郭崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬国列,不能执而止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),颇(po)遭(zao)物议。说(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)党告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),说(shuo)曰:“此郭汉子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)。”及(ji)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬得罪,说(shuo)惧(ju)流(liu)言(yan)所钟,乃(nai)令门(men)(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)左拾遗王松、吏部员外(wai)郎李慎仪等(deng)上疏(shu)(shu),云:“崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬往日专权,不闲(xian)故(gu)事(shi)(shi),塞仕进之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门(men)(men),非(fei)奖善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。”疏(shu)(shu)下中(zhong)书,说(shuo)等(deng)覆奏,深诋(di)崇(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)韬,识者(zhe)(zhe)非(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又有王傪者(zhe)(zhe),能以(yi)多岐取(qu)事(shi)(shi),纳赂于说(shuo),说(shuo)以(yi)其(qi)名犯祖讳(hui),遂改之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为“操”,拟官(guan)(guan)于近甸(dian)。及(ji)明(ming)宗即位,说(shuo)常虑身危,每求(qiu)庇于任(ren)圜,常保护(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。说(shuo)居(ju)有井,昔与邻家共之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),因嫌鄙杂,筑垣于外(wai)。邻人(ren)(ren)(ren)讼(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),为希甫疏(shu)(shu)论,以(yi)为井有货财,及(ji)案之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本人(ren)(ren)(ren),惟称有破(po)釜一所,反招(zhao)虚妄。初贬(bian)叙州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi),寻责(ze)授夷州(zhou)(zhou)司户参军。

初,说在江(jiang)陵,与高季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)相知,及入中书,亦常通信币。自讨(tao)西蜀(shu),季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)请(qing)攻峡(xia)内,庄宗许之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi):“如能得(de)三(san)州(zhou),俾(bi)为属郡(jun)(jun)。”西川(chuan)既定,季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)无(wu)尺寸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功。洎(ji)明(ming)宗缵(zuan)承,季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)频(pin)请(qing)三(san)郡(jun)(jun),朝廷不得(de)已而与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。革、说方在中书,亦预其议。及季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)占据(ju),独归(gui)其罪,流(liu)于合州(zhou)。明(ming)年(nian)夏,诏曰:“陵州(zhou)、合州(zhou)长(zhang)流(liu)百姓豆卢革、韦说,顷(qing)在先朝,擢居重任,欺(qi)公(gong)害物,黩货卖官。静惟肇乱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端,更有难(nan)容之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,且夔、忠、万三(san)州(zhou),地(di)连巴蜀(shu),路扼荆蛮,藉皇都弭难(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功,徇(xun)逆(ni)帅僭求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)势,罔予视听,率意(yi)割(ge)移。将千之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土疆(jiang),开(kai)通狡穴;动两川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵赋,御捍经年(nian)。致朕莫遂偃戈,犹(you)烦运策。近者西方鄴虽复要害,高季(ji)兴(xing)(xing)(xing)尚(shang)固窠巢,增(zeng)吾旰食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忧,职(zhi)尔朋奸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计。而又(you)自居贬所,继出(chu)流(liu)言。苟(gou)刑戮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)稽时,处忠良于何地(di)?宜令逐处刺史监(jian)赐自尽。”《欧阳史》:说子(zi)涛,晋天福(fu)初,为尚(shang)书膳部(bu)员外(wai)郎,卒。

卢(lu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),唐朝右族(zu)。祖(zu)懿,父蕴,历(li)仕通显。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),天(tian)复末登进士(shi)第,崔魏(wei)公领盐铁,署(shu)为巡官。昭宗迁洛阳,柳璨陷右族(zu),程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)避地河朔,客(ke)游(you)燕(yan)、赵,或衣道士(shi)服,干谒籓伯,人未知之(zhi)。豆卢(lu)革客(ke)游(you)中山,依王(wang)处直,卢(lu)汝弼来太(tai)原。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)与革、弼皆朝族(zu)知旧,因往来依革,处直礼遇未优,故投于太(tai)原;汝弼因为延誉,庄宗署(shu)为推官,寻改支使(shi)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)褊(bian)浅无他才(cai),惟务恃门第,口多是非,笃厚(hou)君子尤薄之(zhi)。

初,判官(guan)(guan)王缄(jian)从军(jun)掌文(wen)翰,胡柳之役,缄(jian)殁于(yu)军(jun)。庄(zhuang)(zhuang)宗归宁太原(yuan),置酒公宴,举(ju)酒谓张(zhang)承业(ye)(ye)曰:“予今于(yu)此会(hui)取一书记(ji),先(xian)以(yi)卮酒辟之。”即(ji)举(ju)酒属巡(xun)官(guan)(guan)冯道,道以(yi)所(suo)举(ju)非次,抗酒辞(ci)避。庄(zhuang)(zhuang)宗曰:“勿谦挹,无(wu)逾(yu)于(yu)卿(qing)也。”时(shi)以(yi)职列序迁(qian),则程(cheng)(cheng)当(dang)为(wei)书记(ji),汝弼亦(yi)左右之。程(cheng)(cheng)既失职,私(si)怀愤惋,谓人曰:“主(zhu)上不(bu)重人物,使田里兒居余上。”先(xian)是(shi),庄(zhuang)(zhuang)宗尝于(yu)帐中召程(cheng)(cheng)草奏,程(cheng)(cheng)曰:“叨忝成(cheng)名(ming),不(bu)闲(xian)笔(bi)砚。”由是(shi)文(wen)翰之选,不(bu)及于(yu)程(cheng)(cheng)。时(shi)张(zhang)承业(ye)(ye)专制河东(dong)留(liu)(liu)守事(shi),人皆敬惮。旧例(li),支使监诸廪出纳,程(cheng)(cheng)诉于(yu)承业(ye)(ye)曰:“此事(shi)非仆所(suo)长,请择能者(zhe)。”承业(ye)(ye)叱之曰:“公称文(wen)士(shi),即(ji)合飞文(wen)染翰,以(yi)济霸国,尝命草辞(ci),自陈短拙,及留(liu)(liu)职务,又(you)以(yi)为(wei)辞(ci),公所(suo)能者(zhe)何(he)也?”程(cheng)(cheng)垂泣谢之。后(hou)历观察判官(guan)(guan)。

庄宗将即位,求四镇判(pan)(pan)官(guan)可为宰(zai)(zai)辅者。时卢(lu)汝(ru)弼、苏(su)循相次沦(lun)没,当用(yong)判(pan)(pan)官(guan)卢(lu)质。质性疏放,不(bu)愿重位;求留太原,乃举定州(zhou)判(pan)(pan)官(guan)豆卢(lu)革,次举程(cheng),即诏征之(zhi)(zhi),并命为平章事。程(cheng)本非(fei)重器,骤历显位,举止不(bu)恆。时朝廷草创,庶物未备,班列萧(xiao)然,寺署(shu)多缺。程(cheng)、革受命之(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),即乘肩舆,驺导喧(xuan)沸(fei)。庄宗闻诃导之(zhi)(zhi)声,询于(yu)左右,曰:“宰(zai)(zai)相担子入门。”庄宗骇异,登楼视之(zhi)(zhi),笑曰:“所(suo)谓似是(shi)而非(fei)者也。”顷之(zhi)(zhi),遣程(cheng)使晋阳宫册皇(huang)太后。山路险(xian)阻(zu),往复绵邈,程(cheng)安坐肩舆,所(suo)至州(zhou)县,驱(qu)率(lv)丁夫,长(zhang)吏迎谒,拜伏舆前(qian),少(shao)有忤(wu)意(yi),因(yin)加笞辱。

及汴(bian)将王(wang)彦(yan)章陷德胜南(nan)城,争攻杨刘,庄(zhuang)宗(zong)御军苦战,臣下忧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),咸白宰臣,欲连章规谏,请不(bu)躬御士伍(wu)。豆卢(lu)革言及汉高临广武(wu)事,矢及于(yu)(yu)胸,绐云(yun)中足。程曰(yue):“此刘季失策。”众皆缩颈。尝论近世士族,或(huo)曰(yue):“员外郎孔明龟(gui),善和宰相之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)令绪,宣圣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)孙(sun),得非(fei)盛欤!”程曰(yue):“止于(yu)(yu)孔子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),盛则吾(wu)不(bu)知也。”亲(qin)党有(you)假驴夫(fu)于(yu)(yu)程者,程帖府给之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),府吏诉云(yun)无例(li),程怒鞭(bian)吏背。时(shi)任圜为(wei)兴(xing)唐(tang)少尹(yin),庄(zhuang)宗(zong)从姊(zi)婿也,凭其宠戚,因(yin)诣程。程方衣(yi)鹤氅、华阳巾,凭几决事,见圜怒詈曰(yue):“是何虫豸,恃妇力耶!宰相取给于(yu)(yu)府县,得不(bu)识旧体(ti)!”圜不(bu)言而退,是夜,驰至(zhi)博平(ping),面诉于(yu)(yu)庄(zhuang)宗(zong)。庄(zhuang)宗(zong)怒,谓郭崇韬(tao)(tao)曰(yue):“朕误相此痴物(wu),敢辱(ru)予九卿。”促(cu)令自尽。崇韬(tao)(tao)亦(yi)怒,事几不(bu)测(ce),赖卢(lu)质横身(shen)解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),遂降为(wei)右(you)庶子。庄(zhuang)宗(zong)既定河南(nan),程随(sui)百官从幸(xing)洛(luo)阳,沿路(lu)坠(zhui)马,因(yin)病风而卒。赠礼部(bu)尚书。

赵凤(feng)(feng),幽州(zhou)人也。少(shao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)儒。唐(tang)天(tian)祐中,燕(yan)帅刘(liu)守(shou)光尽率部(bu)内丁夫(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军伍(wu),而黥其面,为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)儒者(zhe)患之(zhi)。多为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)僧(seng)以(yi)避之(zhi),凤(feng)(feng)亦落发至太原。顷之(zhi),从(cong)刘(liu)守(shou)奇(qi)奔梁,梁用(yong)守(shou)奇(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)博州(zhou)刺史(shi),表凤(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)判官(guan)。案:下有阙文。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)郓(yun)州(zhou)节度(du)判官(guan)。唐(tang)庄宗闻凤(feng)(feng)名,得之(zhi)甚喜,以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)护銮(luan)学士。后庄宗即(ji)位,拜凤(feng)(feng)中书舍人。及入汴,改(gai)授礼部(bu)员(yuan)外郎。庄宗及刘(liu)皇后幸张全(quan)义(yi)(yi)第,后奏曰(yue)(yue):“妾(qie)五六岁失父母,每见(jian)老者(zhe),思念(nian)尊亲泣下,以(yi)全(quan)义(yi)(yi)年德(de),妾(qie)欲父事之(zhi),以(yi)慰孤女之(zhi)心。”庄宗许之(zhi),命凤(feng)(feng)作(zuo)笺上全(quan)义(yi)(yi),定往来仪注。凤(feng)(feng)上书极谏(jian),不(bu)(bu)纳。天(tian)成初,置端明(ming)殿学士,凤(feng)(feng)与(yu)冯道俱任其职(zhi)。时(shi)任圜(yuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宰相,为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安重诲(hui)所倾(qing),以(yi)至罢(ba)相归(gui)磁州(zhou)。及硃守(shou)殷以(yi)汴州(zhou)叛,驰驿赐圜(yuan)自尽。既而凤(feng)(feng)哭谓安重诲(hui)曰(yue)(yue):“任圜(yuan),义(yi)(yi)士也,肯造(zao)逆谋以(yi)雠君(jun)父乎?如此(ci)滥刑,何以(yi)安国!”重诲(hui)笑而不(bu)(bu)责。是冬(dong),权知贡举(ju)。

明年(nian)春,有僧自(zi)西国取经回(hui),得(de)佛牙大如拳(quan),褐(he)渍皴裂,进于(yu)明宗(zong)。凤(feng)扬言曰(yue)(yue):“曾闻佛牙锤锻不(bu)坏,请试之(zhi)(zhi)。”随斧(fu)而(er)碎。时宫(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)施(shi)已逾数千缗(min),闻毁乃止(zhi)。及(ji)车驾还(hai)洛,留知汴(bian)州事,寻授中(zhong)(zhong)书侍郎、平章事。李之(zhi)(zhi)仪《姑溪居士集》:凤(feng)为(wei)《庄(zhuang)宗(zong)实(shi)录(lu)》,将(jiang)何挺(ting)论刘煦疏(shu)不(bu)载(zai),昫既(ji)相,遂引凤(feng)共(gong)政(zheng)事。长(zhang)兴中(zhong)(zhong),安重(zhong)诲(hui)出镇河中(zhong)(zhong),人无敢(gan)言者,惟凤(feng)极(ji)言于(yu)上前曰(yue)(yue):“重(zhong)诲(hui)是(shi)陛下(xia)家臣,其心终不(bu)背主(zhu),五年(nian)秉权,贤豪俯伏,但不(bu)周防,自(zi)贻浸(jin)润。”明宗(zong)以为(wei)朋(peng)党,不(bu)悦其奏。重(zhong)诲(hui)获罪,乃出邢州节(jie)度使。及(ji)闵帝蒙尘于(yu)卫州,凤(feng)集宾佐军(jun)校,垂涕(ti)曰(yue)(yue):“主(zhu)上播(bo)迁,渡河而(er)北(bei),吾辈安坐不(bu)赴奔问(wen),于(yu)礼(li)可乎?”军(jun)校曰(yue)(yue):“唯公所(suo)使。”将(jiang)行(xing),闻闵帝遇弑(shi)而(er)止(zhi)。清泰初,召还(hai),授太(tai)保。既(ji)而(er)病(bing)足,不(bu)能朝(chao)谒。疾(ji)笃,自(zi)为(wei)蓍筮,卦成,投蓍而(er)叹曰(yue)(yue):“吾家世(shi)无五十者,而(er)复穷贱;吾年(nian)已五十,又(you)为(wei)将(jiang)相,岂有遐寿(shou)哉(zai)!”清泰二年(nian)三月卒(zu)。

凤性豁达,轻(qing)财重义,凡士友以穷厄告者,必倾其(qi)资(zi)而饷之,人士以此多之也(ye)。

李愚,字(zi)子晦(hui)。自称(cheng)赵郡平棘西祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),家世为儒。父(fu)(fu)瞻(zhan)业,应进(jin)士(shi)(shi)不第(di),遇(yu)乱,徙家渤海之(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)棣(di),以(yi)(yi)诗(shi)书训子孙(sun)。愚童龀(chen)时(shi),谨重有(you)(you)异常(chang)兒,年(nian)长方志学,遍阅(yue)经史。慕晏婴之(zhi)(zhi)为人(ren),初名晏平。为文(wen)尚气格,有(you)(you)韩、柳体。厉志端庄(zhuang),风神峻(jun)整,非礼不言,行(xing)不苟且。愚初以(yi)(yi)艰贫,求为假官,沧州卢彦(yan)威署安陵(ling)簿。丁忧(you),服阕,随计之(zhi)(zhi)长安。属关辅乱离,频(pin)年(nian)罢举,客于蒲、华(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)间。光化中,军(jun)容刘(liu)季述、王奉先废(fei)昭宗,立裕王,五(wu)月余,诸(zhu)侯无(wu)奔问者。愚时(shi)在华(hua)阴,致书于华(hua)帅韩建(jian)(jian),其略(lve)曰(yue):“仆关东(dong)(dong)一布衣耳,幸读书为文(wen),每见君(jun)臣父(fu)(fu)子之(zhi)(zhi)际(ji),有(you)(you)伤(shang)教(jiao)害(hai)义(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)事,常(chang)痛心切齿(chi),恨不得抽肠蹀(die)血,肆(si)之(zhi)(zhi)市(shi)朝。明(ming)(ming)公(gong)居近关重镇(zhen)(zhen),君(jun)父(fu)(fu)幽辱月余,坐视(shi)凶逆,而(er)忘勤王之(zhi)(zhi)举,仆所未(wei)喻也。仆窃计中朝辅弼,虽有(you)(you)志而(er)无(wu)权(quan);外镇(zhen)(zhen)诸(zhu)侯,虽有(you)(you)权(quan)而(er)无(wu)志。惟明(ming)(ming)公(gong)忠义(yi),社稷(ji)是依。往(wang)年(nian)车辂(lu)播迁,号泣(qi)奉迎,累岁供(gong)馈,再复朝庙,义(yi)感人(ren)心,至今歌咏。此时(shi)事势(shi),尤异于前,明(ming)(ming)公(gong)地(di)处(chu)要(yao)冲(chong),位兼将(jiang)相,自宫闱变故,已涉旬时(shi),若(ruo)不号令(ling)率先,以(yi)(yi)图反正,迟(chi)疑(yi)未(wei)决(jue),一朝山东(dong)(dong)侯伯唱义(yi)连衡,鼓(gu)行(xing)而(er)西,明(ming)(ming)公(gong)求欲(yu)自安,如何(he)决(jue)策(ce)!此必然之(zhi)(zhi)势(shi)也。不如驰檄四(si)方,谕以(yi)(yi)逆顺,军(jun)声一振,则元凶破胆,浃(jia)旬之(zhi)(zhi)间,二(er)竖之(zhi)(zhi)首传于天(tian)下(xia),计无(wu)便于此者。”建(jian)(jian)深(shen)礼遇(yu)之(zhi)(zhi),坚辞还山。天(tian)复初,驾在凤翔,汴军(jun)攻蒲、华(hua),愚避难东(dong)(dong)归洛(luo)(luo)阳。时(shi)卫公(gong)李德(de)裕孙(sun)道古在平泉(quan)旧墅,愚往(wang)依焉。子弟亲采梠负薪,以(yi)(yi)给朝夕,未(wei)尝(chang)干人(ren)。故少师薛廷珪掌(zhang)贡籍之(zhi)(zhi)岁,登进(jin)士(shi)(shi)第(di);又登宏词料,授(shou)河(he)南(nan)府参(can)军(jun),遂(sui)下(xia)居洛(luo)(luo)表(biao)白(bai)沙之(zhi)(zhi)别墅。

梁有(you)禅代之谋,柳(liu)璨希旨(zhi)杀害朝士(shi),愚(yu)以(yi)衣冠自相(xiang)残害,乃避(bi)地河朔,与(yu)宗人(ren)李延光(guang)客(ke)于山(shan)东。梁末帝(di)嗣(si)位,雅好儒士(shi),延光(guang)素相(xiang)款奉,得侍讲禁(jin)中,屡言愚(yu)之行高学赡,有(you)史鱼、蘧(qu)瑗之风。召见,嗟赏久(jiu)之,擢为左拾遗(yi)。俄充崇政(zheng)(zheng)院直学士(shi),或(huo)预咨(zi)谋,而俨然正色,不畏强御。衡王(wang)入朝,重臣(chen)(chen)(chen)李振辈皆致拜(bai),惟愚(yu)长揖(yi)。末帝(di)让之曰(yue):“衡王(wang),朕(zhen)(zhen)之兄。朕(zhen)(zhen)犹致拜(bai),崇政(zheng)(zheng)使(shi)李振等皆拜(bai),尔(er)何傲耶(ye)!”对曰(yue):“陛下以(yi)家人(ren)礼兄,振等私臣(chen)(chen)(chen)也(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)居(ju)朝列,与(yu)王(wang)无素,安(an)敢谄事。”其(qi)刚(gang)毅如此。晋州节度使(shi)华温(wen)琪(qi)在任违法(fa),籍民家财(cai),其(qi)家讼于朝,制使(shi)劾之,伏罪。梁末帝(di)以(yi)先朝草昧之臣(chen)(chen)(chen),不忍加法(fa),愚(yu)坚按其(qi)罪。梁末帝(di)诏曰(yue):“朕(zhen)(zhen)若不与(yu)鞫(ju)穷,谓(wei)予不念赤子(zi);若或(huo)遂行典宪,谓(wei)予不念功臣(chen)(chen)(chen)。为尔(er)君者(zhe),不亦难乎!其(qi)华温(wen)琪(qi)所受赃,宜官(guan)给代还所讼之家。”贞明中,通事舍(she)人(ren)李霄(xiao)(xiao)佣夫(fu)殴僦舍(she)人(ren)致死,法(fa)司(si)案律,罪在李霄(xiao)(xiao)。愚(yu)白:“李霄(xiao)(xiao)手不斗殴。庸夫(fu)致死,安(an)得坐其(qi)主耶(ye)!”以(yi)是忤旨(zhi)。愚(yu)自拾遗(yi)再迁膳部员(yuan)外(wai)郎,赐绯(fei),改司(si)勋(xun)员(yuan)外(wai)郎,赐紫,至是罢职,历许、邓观察(cha)判官(guan)。

初(chu)在内职(zhi),慈州(zhou)举子张(zhang)砺(li)依(yi)焉。贞明中(zhong),砺(li)自河(he)阳北归(gui)庄宗(zong),补授太原府掾(yuan),出入(ru)崇(chong)闼之(zhi)间,揄(yu)扬(yang)愚(yu)之(zhi)节概,及言愚(yu)之(zhi)所为(wei)(wei)(wei)文《仲(zhong)尼遇》、《颜(yan)回寿》、《夷齐非饿(e)人(ren)(ren)》等篇,北人(ren)(ren)望(wang)风(feng)称之(zhi)。洎庄宗(zong)都洛阳,邓帅俾奏(zou)章入(ru)朝,诸贵见之(zhi),礼接如(ru)(ru)旧。寻为(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)客郎中(zhong),数月,召为(wei)(wei)(wei)翰林(lin)学(xue)士。三年(nian),魏王继岌(ji)征(zheng)蜀(shu),请(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)都统判官,仍带本职(zhi)从军(jun)。时物议以(yi)蜀(shu)险阻,未可(ke)长驱,郭崇(chong)韬问(wen)计于愚(yu),愚(yu)曰:“如(ru)(ru)闻蜀(shu)人(ren)(ren)厌其(qi)(qi)主(zhu)荒恣,仓(cang)卒必不为(wei)(wei)(wei)用。宜乘其(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)二三,风(feng)驰电击,彼必破胆,安能守(shou)险。”及前军(jun)至固镇(zhen),收(shou)军(jun)食十五万斛,崇(chong)韬喜(xi),谓(wei)愚(yu)曰:“公(gong)能料事(shi),吾军(jun)济矣!”招讨(tao)判官陈乂至宝(bao)鸡,称疾乞(qi)留在后。愚(yu)厉声曰:“陈乂见利则进,惧难则止(zhi)。今大军(jun)涉(she)险,人(ren)(ren)心(xin)易惑,正(zheng)可(ke)斩之(zhi)以(yi)徇(xun)。”由是军(jun)人(ren)(ren)无迟(chi)留者。是时,军(jun)书(shu)羽檄,皆出其(qi)(qi)手(shou)。蜀(shu)平,就拜(bai)中(zhong)书(shu)舍人(ren)(ren)。师(shi)还,明宗(zong)即位。时西征(zheng)副招讨(tao)使任圜为(wei)(wei)(wei)宰相,雅相钦重,屡言于安重诲,请(qing)引为(wei)(wei)(wei)同列;属孔循(xun)用事(shi),援(yuan)引崔协以(yi)塞其(qi)(qi)请(qing)。俄以(yi)本职(zhi)权(quan)知贡举,改兵(bing)部(bu)侍郎,充翰林(lin)承旨(zhi)。长兴初(chu),除太常(chang)卿,属赵凤出镇(zhen)邢台,乃拜(bai)中(zhong)书(shu)侍郎、平章事(shi),转集(ji)贤殿大学(xue)士。

长兴(xing)季年,秦王恣(zi)横(heng),权要之臣(chen),避祸不暇(xia),邦之存(cun)亡,无敢言(yan)者。愚(yu)性刚介,往(wang)往(wang)形言(yan),然人(ren)无唱(chang)和者。后转门下侍郎,监(jian)修(xiu)国史(shi),兼(jian)吏部尚书,与诸儒修(xiu)成(cheng)《创业功(gong)臣(chen)传》三十卷。愚(yu)初(chu)不治第,既命为相,官借(jie)延宾馆居(ju)(ju)之。尝有疾,诏(zhao)近臣(chen)宣(xuan)谕(yu),延之中(zhong)堂,设(she)席(xi)惟筦秸,使人(ren)言(yan)之,明宗特赐帷帐(zhang)茵褥(ru)。《职官分纪(ji)》云:长兴(xing)四年,愚(yu)病,明宗遣中(zhong)使宣(xuan)问。愚(yu)所居(ju)(ju)寝室,萧然四壁,病榻(ta)弊氈而已。中(zhong)使具言(yan)其事,帝曰:“宰(zai)相月俸几何(he)?而委顿如此。”诏(zhao)赐绢百匹、钱百千(qian)、帷帐(zhang)什(shen)物一(yi)十三事。

闵帝嗣位,志修德政(zheng),易月之(zhi)制才除(chu),便延(yan)访学(xue)士(shi)读《贞观政(zheng)要》、《太(tai)宗实录》,有意(yi)于致理。愚私谓同列曰:“吾(wu)君延(yan)访,少及(ji)吾(wu)辈(bei),位高责重,事(shi)亦堪忧,奈宗社何!”皆惕息而(er)不(bu)(bu)敢(gan)言(yan)。以(yi)恩(en)例进位左仆射。清泰初,徽(hui)陵礼毕,冯(feng)(feng)道(dao)出(chu)镇同州,愚加特进、太(tai)微宫(gong)使(shi)、宏文馆大学(xue)士(shi)。宰(zai)相刘昫与冯(feng)(feng)道(dao)为婚家,道(dao)既出(chu)镇,两人在中书,或旧事(shi)不(bu)(bu)便要厘革者(zhe),对论不(bu)(bu)定。愚性太(tai)峻(jun),因曰:“此事(shi)贤家翁(weng)所为,更(geng)之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)亦便乎!”昫憾其言(yan)切,于是每言(yan)必相折难,或至喧呼。无(wu)几(ji),两人俱罢相守本官。清泰二年(nian)秋,愚已婴疾,率多请(qing)告,累(lei)表乞骸,不(bu)(bu)允,卒于位。

任圜,京兆三原人。祖清,成都少尹。父茂宏,避(bi)地(di)太(tai)原,奏授西河令(ling);有(you)子五人,曰图、回、圜、团、冏,风彩俱异。武(wu)皇爱(ai)之(zhi),以(yi)宗女妻圜,历代、宪(xian)二郡(jun)刺史。

李嗣(si)昭典兵于晋阳(yang),与(yu)圜游处甚(shen)洽,及镇泽(ze)潞,请为(wei)(wei)观察(cha)支使(shi),解褐,赐(ci)硃绂(fu)。圜美姿容,有口辩。嗣(si)昭为(wei)(wei)人(ren)(ren)间谍于庄(zhuang)宗,方有微隙,圜奉使(shi)往来,常申理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),克(ke)成友于之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,圜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)也。及丁母忧,庄(zhuang)宗承制起复潞州(zhou)观察(cha)判官(guan),赐(ci)紫。常山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役,嗣(si)昭为(wei)(wei)帅(shuai),卒于军,圜代总其(qi)事,号令如一,敌人(ren)(ren)不知。庄(zhuang)宗闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),倍(bei)加奖赏。是(shi)秋,复以(yi)上党之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)师攻(gong)常山,城(cheng)中万人(ren)(ren)突出,大将孙文进死(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),贼逼我(wo)军,圜麾(hui)骑士击(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),颇有杀获。尝(chang)以(yi)祸福谕其(qi)城(cheng)中,镇人(ren)(ren)信之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)乞降。及城(cheng)溃,诛(zhu)元恶(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外,官(guan)吏咸保其(qi)家属(shu),亦圜所(suo)庇护焉(yan)。庄(zhuang)宗改(gai)镇州(zhou)为(wei)(wei)北京,以(yi)圜为(wei)(wei)工部尚书兼真定尹、北京副留守(shou),行留守(shou)事。明年,郭崇韬兼镇,改(gai)行军司马,充北面水陆转(zhuan)运使(shi),仍知府事。同(tong)光三年,归朝(chao),守(shou)工部尚书。

崇韬(tao)伐蜀,奏(zou)令从征,西(xi)蜀平(ping),署圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)黔南节度使(shi)(shi),恳辞遂(sui)止(zhi)。魏王班(ban)师(shi),行(xing)及利(li)州(zhou),康延孝(xiao)叛,以(yi)劲兵(bing)八(ba)千回劫西(xi)川。继岌(ji)闻之,夜半命中使(shi)(shi)李(li)廷安(an)(an)(an)召圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan),圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)方寝,廷安(an)(an)(an)登其床以(yi)告之,圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)衣不及带,遽见(jian)继岌(ji)。继岌(ji)泣而言曰(yue):“绍琛负恩,非尚书不能制。”即(ji)署圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)为招讨副(fu)使(shi)(shi),与都指挥使(shi)(shi)梁汉(han)颙等率兵(bing)攻延孝(xiao)于(yu)汉(han)州(zhou),擒(qin)之。旋至渭南,继岌(ji)遇害。圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)代总(zong)全师(shi),朝于(yu)洛阳。明宗嘉其功,拜平(ping)章事,判(pan)三(san)司。圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)拣拔贤(xian)俊,杜绝(jue)幸(xing)门,百官俸入为孔谦减折。圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)廷臣(chen)为国家(jia)羽(yu)仪(yi),故优(you)假班(ban)行(xing),禁其虚估,期(qi)月(yue)之内,府库充赡,朝廷修(xiu)葺,军(jun)民(min)咸足。虽忧国如家(jia),而切于(yu)功名,故为安(an)(an)(an)重诲所(suo)忌(ji)。尝与重诲会(hui)于(yu)私第,有妓(ji)善歌,重诲求(qiu)之不得,嫌隙自兹(zi)而深(shen)矣。先是,使(shi)(shi)人食券,皆出(chu)于(yu)户(hu)部,重诲止(zhi)之,俾须(xu)内出(chu),争(zheng)于(yu)御前,往(wang)复(fu)数四(si),竟为所(suo)沮,《通鉴》:安(an)(an)(an)重诲与圜(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)争(zheng)于(yu)上(shang)前,往(wang)复(fu)数四(si),声色俱厉。上(shang)退朝,宫人问上(shang):“适与重诲论事为谁(shei)?”上(shang)曰(yue):“宰相。”宫人曰(yue):“妾在长安(an)(an)(an)宫中,未尝见(jian)宰相、枢(shu)密奏(zou)事敢如是者(zhe),盖轻(qing)大家(jia)耳!”上(shang)愈(yu)不悦。因求(qiu)罢三(san)司。

天成二年(nian),除太子少(shao)保致(zhi)仕(shi),出居磁(ci)州(zhou)。及硃守殷(yin)(yin)叛,重(zhong)诲乘间诬(wu)其(qi)结构,立遣人(ren)称制就害之(zhi),乃下诏(zhao)曰(yue):“太子少(shao)保致(zhi)仕(shi)任圜,早推勋旧,曾委重(zhong)难,既退免于(yu)(yu)(yu)剧权,俾(bi)优闲于(yu)(yu)(yu)外(wai)地(di),而乃不(bu)遵礼分,潜附守殷(yin)(yin),缄(jian)题罔避于(yu)(yu)(yu)嫌疑(yi),情(qing)旨颇彰于(yu)(yu)(yu)怨望(wang)。自收汴垒,备见踪由,若务含宏(hong),是孤典宪(xian),尚全大体,止(zhi)罪一(yi)身。宜令本州(zhou)于(yu)(yu)(yu)私第赐自尽。”圜受命之(zhi)日,聚(ju)族酣饮,神情(qing)不(bu)挠。清泰中,制赠太傅。

子(zi)彻,仕皇(huang)朝,位至度支郎(lang)中,卒。

史臣曰:革(ge)、说承旧族之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胄(zhou),佐新造之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邦,业虽谢于财(cai)成,罪未闻(wen)于昭著,而(er)乃为权臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)忌,顾后命以无逃(tao),静而(er)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦(yi)可悯(min)也。卢程器狭如(ru)是,形渥(wo)攸宜。赵凤、李愚,咸以文学之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming),俱践岩(yan)廊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位,校(xiao)其贞(zhen)节,愚复优(you)焉。任圜有纵横济物(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才(cai),无明哲保身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,退犹不免,吁可悲哉!

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