战国策 苏(su)秦始将连横说(shuo)秦惠王曰(yue):「大王之(zhi)国,西有(you)巴蜀汉中之(zhi)利(li),北有(you)胡貉代马之(zhi)用(yong),南有(you)巫山(shan)黔中之(zhi)限(xian),东有(you)崤(yao)函之(zhi)固;田肥美,民殷富,战车万(wan)乘(cheng),奋击百万(wan);沃野千里,蓄积(ji)饶多,地(di)势形便,此所谓(wei)天(tian)府,天(tian)下(xia)之(zhi)雄(xiong)国也!以大王之(zhi)贤,士民之(zhi)众,车骑(qi)之(zhi)用(yong),兵法(fa)之(zhi)教(jiao),可(ke)以并诸侯,吞天(tian)下(xia),称帝而治。愿大王少留意,臣请奏其效(xiao)。」 秦王曰(yue):「寡(gua)人闻(wen)之(zhi),毛羽不(bu)(bu)(bu)丰满者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)以高飞。文章不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)以诛罚。道德不(bu)(bu)(bu)厚者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)以使民。政教(jiao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)顺者,不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)烦(fan)大臣(chen)。今先生(sheng)俨然不(bu)(bu)(bu)远千里而庭教(jiao)之(zhi),愿以异日。」 苏秦曰:「臣固疑大王(wang)之不(bu)能用也!昔者(zhe)神农伐(fa)补遂(sui),黄(huang)帝(di)伐(fa)涿鹿(lu)而禽蚩(chi)尤(you),尧伐(fa)驩兜,舜(shun)伐(fa)三(san)(san)苗,禹伐(fa)共工(gong),汤伐(fa)有夏,文(wen)王(wang)伐(fa)崇,武(wu)王(wang)伐(fa)纣,齐(qi)桓任战(zhan)而霸天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。由此观之,恶(e)有不(bu)战(zhan)者(zhe)乎?古者(zhe)使车毂击驰,言语(yu)相结,天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)为一。约从(cong)连横,兵革不(bu)藏;文(wen)士(shi)并(bing)饬,诸(zhu)侯乱(luan)惑;万端俱起(qi),不(bu)可胜(sheng)理。科条既备(bei),民(min)多伪态;书策稠浊(zhuo),百姓不(bu)足;上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)相愁,民(min)无所聊;明言章理,兵甲愈起(qi);辩言伟服(fu),战(zhan)攻不(bu)息;繁称文(wen)辞,天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)治(zhi);舌敝耳聋,不(bu)见成功;行(xing)(xing)义约信,天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)亲。于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是乃(nai)废文(wen)任武(wu),厚养死士(shi),缀(zhui)甲厉兵,效胜(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)战(zhan)场(chang)。夫徒处而致利,安坐而广地,虽古五帝(di)三(san)(san)王(wang)五霸,明主贤君,常欲(yu)坐而致之,其(qi)势不(bu)能,故以战(zhan)续之。宽(kuan)则(ze)两军相攻,迫则(ze)杖戟相撞,然(ran)后可建(jian)大功。是故兵胜(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)外,义强于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)内(nei);威立于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)上(shang),民(min)服(fu)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。今欲(yu)并(bing)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia),凌(ling)万乘(cheng),诎敌国,制海(hai)内(nei),子元元,臣诸(zhu)侯,非兵不(bu)可。今之嗣主,忽于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)至道,皆(jie)惛(hun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教,乱(luan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)治(zhi),迷于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言,惑于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)语(yu),沈于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)辩,溺于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)辞,以此论之,王(wang)固不(bu)能行(xing)(xing)也.」 说(shuo)秦王书十上而说(shuo)不行,黑(hei)(hei)貂之(zhi)(zhi)裘敝(bi),黄金百斤(jin)尽。资用乏绝(jue),去秦而归。羸媵履蹻,负书担橐,形容枯槁(gao),面(mian)目黧(li)黑(hei)(hei),状有愧色。归至家,妻不下絍,嫂不为炊,父(fu)母不与言。苏(su)秦喟然(ran)叹(tan)曰:「妻不以我(wo)为夫,嫂不以我(wo)为叔,父(fu)母不以我(wo)为子,是(shi)皆秦之(zhi)(zhi)罪也!」 乃夜(ye)发书(shu),陈(chen)箧数十,得太(tai)公阴(yin)符之(zhi)谋(mou)。伏而诵之(zhi),简练(lian)以为揣摩。读书(shu)欲睡,引锥自剌其股,血流(liu)至足,曰:「安有(you)说人主,不(bu)能出其金玉锦绣,取卿相之(zhi)尊(zun)者乎?」 期(qi)年,揣摩(mo)成。曰(yue):「此(ci)真(zhen)可以说当世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)矣(yi)。」于(yu)(yu)是乃摩(mo)燕乌集阙,见说赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)于(yu)(yu)华(hua)屋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下。抵掌而(er)(er)谈(tan),赵(zhao)王(wang)(wang)大悦,封为武安君(jun),受(shou)相印。革(ge)车百(bai)乘,锦绣千纯,白璧百(bai)双,黄金万(wan)镒,以随其(qi)后。约从散横,以抑强秦(qin)。故苏(su)秦(qin)相于(yu)(yu)赵(zhao),而(er)(er)关不(bu)通。当此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大,万(wan)民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众(zhong),王(wang)(wang)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威,谋臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)权,皆欲决(jue)苏(su)秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)策(ce)。不(bu)费斗粮,未(wei)烦一兵,未(wei)战一士,未(wei)绝一弦,未(wei)折(zhe)一矢,诸侯相亲,贤于(yu)(yu)兄弟。夫贤人(ren)在而(er)(er)天下服(fu),一人(ren)用(yong)而(er)(er)天下从。故曰(yue):「式(shi)于(yu)(yu)政(zheng),不(bu)式(shi)于(yu)(yu)勇;式(shi)于(yu)(yu)廊庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内,不(bu)式(shi)于(yu)(yu)四境之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外。」当秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆(long),黄金万(wan)镒为用(yong),转毂连骑,炫熿于(yu)(yu)道。山东之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国,从风而(er)(er)服(fu),使赵(zhao)大重(zhong)。 且(qie)夫苏秦特穷巷(xiang)、掘门(men)、桑户、棬枢之(zhi)士耳(er),伏轼(shi)撙衔,横历天下,庭说诸侯之(zhi)主,杜左(zuo)右(you)之(zhi)口,天下莫之(zhi)伉(kang)。将说楚王,路过(guo)洛阳。父(fu)(fu)母闻之(zhi),清宫(gong)除道(dao),张乐(le)设饮(yin),郊(jiao)迎(ying)三十里。妻侧目而(er)视,侧耳(er)而(er)听。嫂蛇行匍伏,四拜(bai)自跪而(er)谢。苏秦曰(yue):「嫂何前倨而(er)后卑也?」嫂曰(yue):「以(yi)季子(zi)之(zhi)位尊而(er)多金。」苏秦曰(yue):「嗟乎(hu)!贫穷则父(fu)(fu)母不子(zi),富贵则亲戚畏惧。人生世上,势位富厚,盍可(ke)忽(hu)乎(hu)哉?」
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