江水(shui)又东,迳(jing)广溪峡(xia),斯乃三峡(xia)之首(shou)也。峡(xia)中有瞿塘、黄龛二滩(tan)。其峡(xia)盖自(zi)昔禹(yu)凿以通江,郭景纯所谓巴东之峡(xia),夏后疏(shu)凿者(zhe)也。
江水又东(dong),迳巫峡(xia),杜宇所凿以通江水也。江水历峡(xia)东(dong),迳新崩(beng)滩。其(qi)间首尾(wei)百(bai)六十里,谓之(zhi)巫峡(xia),盖因山(shan)为(wei)名也。
自三峡七百里中,两岸连(lian)山(shan),略无阙处;重岩(yan)叠嶂,隐天蔽日,自非亭(ting)午夜分,不见曦月。至于(yu)夏水襄陵,沿溯阻绝(jue)(jue),或王命(ming)急(ji)宣(xuan),有(you)时朝(chao)发白帝,暮到(dao)江陵,其间千二百里,虽乘(cheng)奔(ben)御风不以疾也。春冬之时,则素湍绿潭(tan),回(hui)清倒影。绝(jue)(jue)巘多生(sheng)柽柏,悬泉瀑布,飞漱其间。清荣(rong)峻(jun)茂(mao),良多趣味。每至晴初霜旦(dan),林(lin)寒(han)涧肃(su),常有(you)高猿长(zhang)啸,属引凄异,空谷传响,哀转久绝(jue)(jue)。故渔(yu)者(zhe)歌曰:「巴东三峡巫峡长(zhang),猿鸣三声泪沾裳!」
江(jiang)水(shui)(shui)又东,迳流头滩。其水(shui)(shui)并峻急奔暴(bao),鱼鳖(bie)所不能游,行者常苦之,其歌曰:「滩头白勃坚相持,倏忽沦没别无期。」袁山松曰:「自蜀至此,五千(qian)余里;下水(shui)(shui)五日(ri),上水(shui)(shui)百日(ri)也(ye)。」
江水(shui)又东(dong)(dong),迳(jing)宜昌县(xian)北,县(xian)治江之(zhi)(zhi)南岸也(ye)。江水(shui)又东(dong)(dong),迳(jing)狼尾(wei)滩(tan)(tan),而历人滩(tan)(tan)。江水(shui)又东(dong)(dong),迳(jing)黄牛山(shan)(shan),下有(you)滩(tan)(tan)名曰黄牛滩(tan)(tan)。江水(shui)又东(dong)(dong),迳(jing)西(xi)陵峡(xia)。宜都记曰:「自黄牛滩(tan)(tan)东(dong)(dong)入西(xi)陵界,至峡(xia)口(kou)(kou)百(bai)许里,山(shan)(shan)水(shui)纡曲,而两岸高(gao)山(shan)(shan)重(zhong)障(zhang),非日(ri)中(zhong)夜半,不见日(ri)月,绝(jue)壁或千许丈,其(qi)石(shi)彩色(se),形容多所(suo)像(xiang)类(lei)。林木(mu)高(gao)茂,略尽冬(dong)春。猿鸣至清(qing),山(shan)(shan)谷(gu)传响,泠泠不绝(jue)。」所(suo)谓三峡(xia),此其(qi)一(yi)也(ye)。山(shan)(shan)松言(yan):「常(chang)闻峡(xia)中(zhong)水(shui)疾,书记及口(kou)(kou)传悉以临惧相戒,曾无称有(you)山(shan)(shan)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)也(ye)。及余来践跻此境,既(ji)至欣(xin)(xin)然始信耳闻之(zhi)(zhi)不如亲(qin)见矣。其(qi)叠崿(e)秀峰(feng),奇构异形,固难以辞叙。林木(mu)萧森,离(li)离(li)蔚蔚,乃(nai)在霞气之(zhi)(zhi)表。仰瞩俯映,弥(mi)习弥(mi)佳,流连信宿,不觉忘返。目所(suo)履历,未(wei)尝有(you)也(ye)。既(ji)自欣(xin)(xin)得此奇观,山(shan)(shan)水(shui)有(you)灵,亦当(dang)惊知(zhi)己于千古(gu)矣。」
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