七年级语文上册专项训练——成语对联歇后语练习
班级________ 姓(xing)名________
成语练习
一、补写成语
1．前(qian)事(shi)不(bu)忘，__________
2. 只可意会，__________
3. 失之毫厘，___________
4. 皮之不存, ______________
5 __________, 不(bu)为瓦全_____
6. 城门(men)失火,__________
7. 项庄舞剑(jian), ______________
8.近朱者(zhe)赤, _________________
9.___________,不见泰山.
二、改(gai)正下(xia)列成语中(zhong)的错别字
1. 搬门弄虎______ 别出心(xin)裁_______ 弱不禁风_____ 莫齿不忘_____
2.责无旁代______ 味(wei)同(tong)嚼(jiao)腊_______ 束之(zhi)高搁_____ 厉厉在目_____
3.天翻(fan)地(di)覆______ 走投无(wu)路_______ 痴心望想_____ 趾高气扬(yang)_____
4.滥竽充数 ______有侍无恐(kong)_______ 向偶而泣_____ 自渐形(xing)秽_____
三、根据要求写成语
1． 有关(guan)刻苦学习的(de)：_______________________________________
2． 表达愉快心情的：_______________________________________
3． 成语中带绿的:__ ________________________________________
六．成语还能体现语言文化的修辞现(xian)象。从成语“千钧一发(fa)”、“如火如荼”、“轻描淡(dan)写”、“何罪之有”、“天(tian)怒人怨”中选出一两个，加(jia)以简要说(shuo)明。
________________________________________________________________________________
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四、从(cong)一(yi)个新的角(jiao)(jiao)度思考(kao)，可以(yi)引出新的观点。请根据下列成(cheng)语，变换角(jiao)(jiao)度提炼出言之有理(li)的观点。
1． 铁杵磨成(cheng)针：____________________________________________________________
2． 名(ming)师(shi)出高徒：____________________________________________________________
五、依据成语编造出(chu)诗句。
谈笑(xiao)风生 随(sui)心所欲 潜滋暗长 夜以继日(ri) 不入虎穴
诗(shi)句：_____________________________________________________________________
六、给“变(bian)幻莫测(ce)”写出(chu)两个同义成语(yu)和一个反义成语(yu)。
同义成语(yu)_______________________________________
反义成语_______________________________________
七、成语接龙
守株待(dai)兔 、_______________、______________ 、________________ 、_________________
对联练习
一、对联相关知识
对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)种(zhong)类(lei)约分为(wei)春联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、喜联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、寿(shou)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、挽联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、装饰联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、行业联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)、交际联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)和杂联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)（包(bao)括谐(xie)(xie)趣联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)….）等。对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)文(wen)字(zi)(zi)长短不(bu)一，短的(de)(de)(de)(de)仅一、两(liang)个字(zi)(zi)；长的(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)达几(ji)百字(zi)(zi)。对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)形(xing)式(shi)多样，有正对(dui)、反对(dui)、流水对(dui)、联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)球对(dui)、集句(ju)(ju)对(dui)等。但(dan)(dan)不(bu)管何类(lei)对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，使用何种(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)，却又(you)必须具备以(yi)(yi)下特点(dian)：一要(yao)字(zi)(zi)数(shu)相(xiang)等，断句(ju)(ju)一致。除(chu)有意空出某(mou)字(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置以(yi)(yi)达到某(mou)种(zhong)效果外，上(shang)下联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)字(zi)(zi)数(shu)必须相(xiang)同，不(bu)多不(bu)少。二要(yao)平仄相(xiang)合，音调(diao)和谐(xie)(xie)。传(chuan)统(tong)习惯是(shi)「仄起(qi)平落」，即上(shang)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)末(mo)句(ju)(ju)尾(wei)字(zi)(zi)用仄声，下联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)末(mo)句(ju)(ju)尾(wei)字(zi)(zi)用平声。三要(yao)词(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)相(xiang)对(dui)，位置相(xiang)同。一般称(cheng)为(wei)「虚对(dui)虚，实(shi)对(dui)实(shi)」，就(jiu)是(shi)名词(ci)(ci)(ci)对(dui)名词(ci)(ci)(ci)，动词(ci)(ci)(ci)对(dui)动词(ci)(ci)(ci)，形(xing)容词(ci)(ci)(ci)对(dui)形(xing)容词(ci)(ci)(ci)，数(shu)量(liang)词(ci)(ci)(ci)对(dui)数(shu)量(liang)词(ci)(ci)(ci)，副(fu)词(ci)(ci)(ci)对(dui)副(fu)词(ci)(ci)(ci)，而(er)且相(xiang)对(dui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)词(ci)(ci)(ci)必须在(zai)相(xiang)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置上(shang)。四要(yao)内容相(xiang)关(guan)，上(shang)下衔(xian)接(jie)。上(shang)下联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)含(han)义(yi)必须相(xiang)互(hu)衔(xian)接(jie)，但(dan)(dan)又(you)不(bu)能重覆。此外，张挂的(de)(de)(de)(de)对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)，传(chuan)统(tong)作(zuo)法还必须直写竖(shu)贴，自右而(er)左，由上(shang)而(er)下，不(bu)能颠倒。与对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)紧(jin)密相(xiang)关(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)横(heng)批，可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)说是(shi)对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)题目，也(ye)是(shi)对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)中心。好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)横(heng)批在(zai)对(dui)联(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)中可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)起(qi)到画龙点(dian)睛(jing)、相(xiang)互(hu)补(bu)充的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用。
二、将下列对联补充完(wan)整。
1、写鬼写妖，高(gao)人一等 ______________，________________ （郭沫若题蒲松龄故居）
2、板凳要坐十年冷_ _______________________
3、草堂留后世 __________________ （朱德题杜甫草堂）
4、风声、雨(yu)声、读书(shu)声，声声入耳(er)，______________________________
5、谦受益； ___________
6、海(hai)纳百(bai)川，有容(rong)乃大； _______________，_____________________ 。
歇后语练习
请你写出你熟悉(xi)的歇后语，不少于15个
