金史 志第二十七
食货(huo)一
国之有食货,犹人之有饮食也。人非饮食不生,国非食货不立。然燧人、庖牺能为饮食之道以教人,而不能使人无饮食之疾。三王能为食货之政以遗后世,而不能使后世无食货之弊。唯善养生者如不欲食啖,而饮食自不阙焉,故能适饥饱之宜,可以疾少而长寿。善裕国者初不事货殖,而食货自不乏焉,故能制丰约之节,可以弊少而长治。
金于食货,其立法也周,其取民也审。太祖肇造,减辽租税,规模远矣。熙宗、海陵之世,风气日开,兼务远略,君臣讲求财用之制,切切然以是为先务。虽以世宗之贤,储积之志曷尝一日而忘之。章宗弥文煟兴,边费亦广,食货之议不容不急。宣宗南迁,国土日蹙,污池数罟,往往而然。考其立国以来,所谓食货之法,荦荦大者曰租税、铜钱、交钞三者而已。三者之法数变而数穷。官田曰租,私田曰税。租税之外算其田园屋舍车马牛羊树艺之数,及其藏镪多寡,征钱曰物力。物力之征,上自公卿大夫,下逮民庶,无苟免者。近臣出使外国,归必增物力钱,以其受馈遗也。猛安谋克户又有所谓牛头税者,宰臣有纳此税,庭陛间谘及其增减,则州县征求于小民盖可知矣。故物力之外又有铺马、军须、输庸、司吏、河夫、桑皮故纸等钱,名目琐细,不可殚述。其为户有数等,有课役户、不课役户、本户、杂户、正户、监户、官户、奴婢户、二税户。有司始以三年一籍,后变为通检,又为推排。凡户隶州县者,与隶猛安谋克,其输纳高下又各不同。法之初行,唯恐不密,言事者谓其厉民,即命罢之。罢之未久,会计者告用乏,又即举行。其罢也志以便民,而民未见德。其行也志以足用,而用不加饶。一时君臣节用之言不绝告诫。尝自计其国用,数亦浩瀚,若足支历年者,郡县稍遇岁侵,又遽不足,竟莫诘其故焉。
至于铜钱、交钞之弊,盖有甚者。初用辽、宋旧钱,虽刘豫所铸,豫废,亦兼用之。正隆而降,始议鼓铸,民间铜禁甚至,铜不给用,渐兴窑冶。凡产铜地脉,遗吏境内访察无遣,且及外界,而民用铜器不可阙者,皆造于官而鬻之。既而官不胜烦,民不胜病,乃听民冶铜造器,而官为立价以售,此铜法之变也。若钱法之变,则鼓铸未广,敛散无方,已见壅滞。初恐官库多积,钱不及民,立法广布。继恐民多匿钱,乃设存留之限,开告讦之路,犯者绳以重罚,卒莫能禁。州县钱艰,民间自铸,私钱苦恶特甚。乃以官钱五百易其一千,其策愈下。及改铸大钱,所准加重,百计流通,卒莫获效。济以铁钱,铁不可用,权以交钞,钱重钞轻,相去悬绝,物价腾踊,钞至不行。权以银货,银弊又滋,救亦无策,遂罢铜钱,专用交钞、银货。然而二者之弊乃甚于钱,在官利于用大钞,而大钞出多,民益见轻。在私利于得小钞,而小钞入多,国亦无补。于是,禁官不得用大钞,已而恐民用银而不用钞,则又责民以钞纳官,以示必用。先造二十贯至百贯例,后造二百贯至千贯例,先后轻重不伦,民益眩惑。及不得已,则限以年数,限以地方,公私受纳限以分数,由是民疑日深。其间,易交钞为宝券,宝券未久更作通宝,准银并用。通宝未久复作宝泉,宝泉未久织绫印钞,名曰珍货。珍货未久复作宝会,汔无定制,而金祚讫矣。
历观自古财聚民散,以至亡国,若鹿台、钜桥之类,不足论也。其国亡财匮,比比有之,而国用之屈,未有若金季之甚者。金之为政,常有恤民之志,而不能已苛征之令,徒有聚敛之名,而不能致富国之实。及其亡也,括粟、阑籴,一切掊克之政靡不为之。加赋数倍,豫借数年,或欲得钞则豫卖下年差科。高琪为相,议至榷油。进纳滥官,辄售空名宣敕,或欲与以五品正班。僧道入粟,始自度牒,终至德号、纲副威仪、寺观主席亦量其赀而鬻之。甚而丁忧鬻以求仕,监户鬻以从良,进士出身鬻至及第。又甚而叛臣剧盗之效顺,无金帛以备赏激,动以王爵固结其心,重爵不蔇,则以国姓赐之。名实混淆,伦法飖坏,皆不暇顾,国欲不乱,其可得乎?迨夫宋绝岁币而不许和,贪其淮南之蓄,谋以力取,至使枢府武骑尽于南伐。讹可、时全之出,初志得粮,后乃尺寸无补,三军偾亡,我师压境,兵财俱困,无以御之。故志金之食货者,不能不为之掩卷而兴慨也。《传》曰:“作法于凉,其弊犹贪。作法于贪,弊将若何。”金起东海,其俗纯实,可与返古。初入中夏,兵威所加,民多流亡,土多旷闲,遗黎惴惴,何求不获。使於斯时,纵不能复井地沟洫之制,若用唐之永业、口分以制民产,仿其租庸调之法以足国计,何至百年之内所为经画纷纷然,与其国相终始耶!其弊在于急一时之利,踵久坏之法,及其中叶,鄙辽俭朴,袭宋繁缛之文;惩宋宽柔,加辽操切之政。是弃二国之所长,而并用其所短也。繁褥胜必至于伤财,操切胜必至于害民,讫金之世,国用易匮,民心易离,岂不由是欤?作法不慎厥初,变法以救其弊,只益甚焉耳。其他盐策、酒曲、常平、和籴、茶税、征商、榷场等法,大概多宋旧人之所建明,息耗无定,变易靡恆,视钱钞何异?田制、水利、区田之目,或骤行随辍,或屡试无效,或熟议未行,咸著无篇,以备一代之制云。
○户口
金制,男女二岁以下为黄,十五以下为小,十六为中,十七为丁,六十为老,无夫为寡妻妾,诸笃废疾不为丁。户主推其长充,内有物力者为课役户,无者为不课设户。令民以五家为保。泰和六年,上以旧定保伍法,有司灭裂不行,其令结保,有匿奸细、盗贼者连坐。宰臣谓旧以五家为保,恐人易为计构而难觉察,遂令从唐制,五家为邻、五邻为保,以相检察。京府州县郭下则置坊正,村社则随户众寡为乡置里正,以按比户口,催督赋役,劝课农桑。村社三百户以上则设主首四人,二百户以上三人,五十户以上二人,以下一人,以佐里正禁察非违。置壮丁,以佐主首巡警盗贼。猛安谋克部村寨,五十户以上设寨使一人,掌同主首。寺观则设纲首。凡坊正、里正,以其户十分内取三分,富民均出顾钱,募强干有抵保者充,人不得过百贯,役不得过一年。大定二十九年,章宗尝欲罢坊、里正,复以主首远,入城应代,妨农不便,乃以有物力谨愿者二年一更代。凡户口计帐,三年一籍。自正月初,州县以里正、主首,猛安谋克则以寨使,诣编户家责手实,具男女老幼年与姓名,生者增之,死者除之。正月二十日以实数报县,二月二十日申州,以十日内达上司,无远近皆以四月二十日到部呈省。凡汉人、渤海人不得充猛安谋克户。猛安谋克之奴婢免为良者,止隶本部为正户。凡没入官良人,隶宫籍监为监户,没入官奴婢,隶太府监为官户。
当收国二年时,法制未定,兵革未息,贫民多依权右为苟安,多隐蔽为奴婢者。太祖下诏曰:“比以岁凶民饥,多附豪族,因陷为奴隶。及有犯法,征偿莫办,折身为奴。或私约立限,以人对赎,过期则以为奴者。并听以两人赎一为良,元约以一人赎者从便。”天辅五年,以境土既拓,而旧部多瘠卤,将移其民于泰州,乃遣皇弟昱及族子宗雄按视其地。昱等苴其土以进,言可种植,遂摘诸猛安谋克中民户万余,使宗人婆卢火统之,屯种于泰州。婆庐火旧居阿注浒水又作按出虎,至是迁焉。其居宁江州者,遣拾得、查端、阿里徒欢、奚挞罕等四谋克,挈家属耕具,徙于泰州,仍赐婆卢火耕牛五十。天辅六年,既定山西诸州,以上京为内地,则移其民实之。又命耶律佛顶以兵护送诸降人于浑河路,以皇弟昂监之,命从便以居。七年,以山西诸部族近西北二边,且辽主未获,恐阴相结诱,复命皇弟昂与孛堇稍喝等以兵四千护送,处之岭东,惟西京民安堵如故,且命昂镇守上京路。既而,上闻昂已过上京,而降人复苦其侵扰多叛亡者,遂命孛堇出里底往戒谕之,比至,而诸部已叛去。又以猛安详稳留住所领归附之民还东京,命有司常抚慰,且贷一岁之粮,其亲属被虏者皆令聚居。及七年取燕京路,二月,尽徙六州氏族富强工技之民于内地。太宗天会元年,以旧徙润、隰等四州之民于沈州之境,以新迁之户艰苦不能自存,诏曰:“比闻民乏食至鬻子者,听以丁力等者赎之。”又诏孛堇阿实赉曰:“先皇帝以同姓之人昔有自鬻及典质其身者,命官为赎。今闻尚有未复者,其悉阅赎之。”又命以官粟赎上京路新迁置宁江州户口贫而卖身者,六百余人。二年,民有自鬻为奴者,诏以丁力等者易之。三年,禁内外官及宗室毋得私役百姓,权势家不得买贫民为奴,其胁买者一人偿十五人,诈买者一人偿二人,罪皆杖百。七年,诏兵兴以来,良人被略为驱者,听其父母妻子赎之。熙宗皇统四年诏陕西、蒲、解、汝、蔡等州岁饥,百姓流落典雇为驱者,官以绢赎为良,丁男三匹,妇人幼小二匹。
世宗大定二年,诏免二税户为民。初,辽人佞佛尤甚,多以良民赐诸寺,分其税一半输官,一半输寺,故谓之二税户。辽亡,僧多匿其实,抑为贱,有援左证以告者,有司各执以闻,上素知其事,故特免之。十七年五月,省奏:“咸平府路一千六百余户,自陈皆长白山星显、禅春河女直人,辽时签为猎户,移居于此,号移典部,遂附契丹籍。本朝义兵之兴,首诣军降,仍居本部,今乞厘正。”诏从之。二十年,以上京路女直人户,规避物力,自卖其奴婢,致耕田者少,遂以贫乏,诏定制禁之。又谓宰臣曰:“猛安谋克人户,兄弟亲属若各随所分土,与汉人错居,每四五十户结为保聚,农作时令相助济,此亦劝相之道也。”二十一年六月,徙银山侧民于临潢。又命避役之户举家逃于他所者,元贯及所寓司县官同罪,为定制。二十三年,定制,女直奴婢如有得力,本主许令婚娉者,须取问房亲及村老给据,方许娉於良人。是年八月,奏猛安谋克户口、垦地、牛具之数。猛安二百二,谋克千八百七十八,户六十一万五千六百二十四,口六百一十五万八千六百三十六,内正口四百八十一万二千六百六十九,奴婢口一百三十四万五千九百六十七。垦田一百六十九万三百八十顷有奇,牛具三十八万四千七百七十一。在都宗室将军司,户一百七十,口二万八千七百九十,内正口九百八十二,奴婢口二万七千八百八。垦田三千六百八十三顷七十五亩,牛具三百四。迭剌、唐西二部五飐,户五千五百八十五,口十三万七千五百四十四,内正口十一万九千四百六十三,奴婢口一万八千八十一。垦田万六千二十四顷一十七亩,牛具五千六十六。二十五年,命宰臣禁有禄人一子、及农民避课役,为僧道者。大定初,天下户才三百余万,至二十七年天下户六百七十八万九千四百四十九,口四千四百七十万五千八十六。
章宗大定二十九年十一月,上封事者言,乞放二税户为良。省臣欲取公牒可凭者为准,参知政事移剌履谓:“凭验真伪难明,凡契丹奴婢今后所生者悉为良,见有者则不得典卖,如此则三十年后奴皆为良,而民且不病焉。”上以履言未当,令再议。省奏谓不拘括则讼终不绝,遂遣大兴府治中乌古孙仲和、侍御史范楫分括北京路及中都路二税户,凡无凭验,其主自言之者及因通检而知之者,其税半输官,半输主,而有凭验者悉放为良。明昌元年正月,上封事者言:“自古以农桑为本,今商贾之外又有佛、老与他游食,浮费百倍。农岁不登,流殍相望,此末作伤农者多故也。”上乃下令,禁自披剃为僧、道者。是岁,奏天下户六百九十三万九千,口四千五百四十四万七千九百,而粟止五千二百二十六万一千余石,除官兵二年之费,余验口计之,口月食五斗,可为四十四日之食。上曰:“蓄积不多,是力农者少故也。其集百官,议所以使民务本广储之道,以闻。”六月,奏北京等路所免二税户,凡一千七百余户,万三千九百余口,此后为良为驱,皆从已断为定。明昌六年二月,上谓宰臣曰:“凡言女直进士,不须称女直字。卿等误作回避女直、契丹语,非也。今如分别户民,则女直言本户,汉户及契丹,余谓之杂户。”明昌六年十二月,奏天下女直、契丹、汉户七百二十二万三千四百,口四千八百四十九万四百,物力钱二百六十万四千七百四十二贯。泰和七年六月,敕,中物力户,有役则多逃避,有司令以次户代之,事毕则复业,以致大损不逃之户。令省臣详议。宰臣奏:“旧制太轻。”遂命课役全户逃者徒二年,赏告者钱五万。先逃者以百日内自首,免罪。如实销乏者,内从御史台,外从按察司,体究免之。十二月,奏天下户七百六十八万四千四百三十八,口四千五百八十一万六千七十九。户增于大定二十七年一百六十二万三千七百一十五,口增八百八十二万七千六十五。此金版籍之极盛也。
及卫绍王之时,军旅不息,宣宗立而南迁,死徙之余,所在为虚矣。户口日耗,军费日急,赋敛繁重,皆仰给于河南,民不堪命,率弃庐田,相继亡去。及屡降诏招复业者,免其岁之租,然以国用乏竭,逃者之租皆令居者代出,以故多不敢还。兴定元年十二月,宣宗欲悬赏募人捕亡户,而复虑骚动,遂命依已降诏书,已免债逋,更招一月,违而不来者然后捕获治罪,而以所遗地赐人。四年,省臣奏:“河南以岁饥而赋役不息,所亡户令有司招之,至明年三月不复业者,论如律。”时河壖为疆,烽鞞屡警,故集庆军节度使温迪罕达言:“亳州户旧六万,自南迁以来,不胜调发,相继逃去,所存者曾无十一,砀山下邑,野无居民矣!”
○通检推排
通检,即《周礼》大司徒三年一大比,各登其乡之众寡、六畜、车辇,辨物行征之制也。金自国初占籍之后,至大定四年,承正隆师旅之余,民之贫富变更,赋役不均,世宗下诏曰:“粤自国初,有司常行大比,于今四十年矣。正隆时,兵役并兴,调发无度,富者今贫不能自存,版籍所无者今为富室而犹幸免。是用遣信臣泰宁军节度使张弘信等十三人,分路通检天下物力而差定之,以革前弊,俾元元无不均之叹,以称朕意。凡规措条理,命尚书省画一以行。”又命:“凡监户事产,除官所拨赐之外,余凡置到百姓有税田宅。皆在通检之数。”时诸使往往以苛酷多得物力为功,弘信检山东州县尤为酷暴,棣州防御使完颜永元面责之曰:“朝廷以正隆后差调不均,故命使者均之。今乃残暴,妄加民产业数倍,一有来申诉者,则血肉淋离,甚者即殒杖下,此何理也?”弘信不能对,故惟棣州稍平。五年,有司奏诸路通检不均,诏再以户口多寡、贫富轻重,适中定之。既而,又定通检地土等第税法。十五年九月,上以天下物力,自通检以来十余年,贫富变易,赋调轻重不均,遣济南尹梁肃等二十六人,分路推排。
二十年四月,上谓宰臣曰:“猛安谋克户,富贫差发不均,皆自谋克内科之,暗者惟胥吏之言是从,轻重不一。自窝斡叛后,贫富反复,今当籍其夹户,推其家赀,傥有军役庶可均也。”诏集百官议,右丞相克宁、平章政事安礼,枢密副使宗尹言:“女直人除猛安谋克仆从差使,余无差役。今不推奴婢孳畜、地土数目,止验产业科差为便。”左丞相守道等言:“止验财产,多寡分为四等,置籍以科差,庶得均也。”左丞通、右丞道、都点检襄言:“括其奴婢之数,则贫富自见,缓急有事科差,与一例科差者不同。请俟农隙,拘括地土牛具之数,各以所见上闻。”上曰:“一谋克户之贫富,谋克岂不知。一猛安所领八谋克,一例科差。设如一谋无内,有奴婢二三百口者,有奴婢一二人者,科差与同,岂得平均。正隆兴兵时,朕之奴婢万数,孳畜数千,而不差一人一马,岂可谓平。朕于庶事未尝专行,与卿谋之。往年散置契丹户,安礼极言恐扰动,朕决行之,果得安业。安礼虽尽忠,未审长策。其从左丞通等所见,拘括推排之。”十二月,上谓宰臣曰:“猛安谋克多新强旧弱,差役不均,其令推排,当自中都路始。”至二十二年八月,始诏令集耆老,推贫富,验土地牛具奴婢之数,分为上中下三等。以同知大兴府事完颜乌里也先推中都路,续遣户部主事按带等十四人与外官同分路推排。
九月,诏:“毋令富者匿隐畜产,贫户或有不敢养马者。昔海陵时,拘括马畜,绝无等级,富者幸免,贫者尽拘入官,大为不均。今并核实贫富造籍,有急即按籍取之,庶几无不均之弊。”张汝弼、梁肃奏:“天下民户通检既定,设有产物移易,自应随业输纳。至于浮财,须有增耗,贫者自贫,富者自富,似不必屡推排也。”上曰:“宰执家多有新富者,故皆不愿也。”肃对曰:“如臣者,能推排中都物力。臣以尝为南使,先自添物力钱至六十余贯,视其他奉使无如臣多者。但小民无知,法出奸生,数动摇则易骇。如唐、宋及辽时,或三二十年不测通比则有之。频岁推排,似为难尔。”二十六年,复以李晏等分路推排。二十七年,奏晏等所定物力之数。上曰:“朕以元推天下物力钱三百五万余贯,除三百万贯外,令减五万余贯。今减不及数,复续收二万余贯,即是实二万贯尔,而曰续收,何也?”对曰:“此谓旧脱漏而今首出者,及民地旧无力耕种,而今耕种者也。”上曰:“通检旧数,止于视其营运息耗,与房地多寡,而加减之。彼人卖地,此人买之,皆旧数也。至如营运。此强则彼弱,强者增之,弱者减之而已。且物力之数盖是定差役之法,其大数不在多寡也。朕恐实有营运富家所当出者,反分与贫者尔。”
章(zhang)宗大定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六(liu)月(yue)(yue),命(ming)为国信使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)副者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),免(mian)(mian)增物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)。又(you)命(ming)农(nong)民(min)(min)如有(you)(you)积(ji)(ji)粟,毋(wu)充物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li),钱悭(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)郡(jun),所纳钱货则许(xu)折粟帛。九(jiu)月(yue)(yue),以(yi)(yi)曹州(zhou)河(he)溢,遣马百(bai)(bai)(bai)禄(lu)等(deng)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)遭垫(dian)溺州(zhou)县之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贫乏(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。明(ming)昌元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)四(si)月(yue)(yue),刑部(bu)(bu)郎(lang)中(zhong)路(lu)伯达(da)等(deng)言:“民(min)(min)地(di)已(yi)纳税(shui),又(you)通(tong)(tong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li),比之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)浮(fu)财所出差役,是(shi)(shi)为重并(bing)也。”遂(sui)(sui)详酌民(min)(min)地(di)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li),减(jian)(jian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)。尚书(shu)(shu)户(hu)(hu)(hu)部(bu)(bu)言,中(zhong)都(dou)等(deng)路(lu)被水,诏委官推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai),比旧减(jian)(jian)钱五(wu)千(qian)(qian)六(liu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)余贯。明(ming)昌三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)八(ba)(ba)(ba)月(yue)(yue),敕(chi)(chi)尚书(shu)(shu)省:“百(bai)(bai)(bai)姓当(dang)丰稔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时不(bu)(bu)务积(ji)(ji)贮(zhu),一(yi)(yi)(yi)遇凶俭(jian)辄有(you)(you)阻饥(ji),何(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)可(ke)使(shi)(shi)民(min)(min)重谷而(er)多积(ji)(ji)也。”宰(zai)臣(chen)对(dui)曰:“二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),已(yi)诏农(nong)民(min)(min)能积(ji)(ji)粟免(mian)(mian)充物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)。明(ming)昌初,命(ming)民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)与(yu)地(di)土通(tong)(tong)推(tui)(tui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦减(jian)(jian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)(er),此固其(qi)术也。”承(cheng)安元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),尚书(shu)(shu)省奏(zou):“是(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九(jiu)月(yue)(yue)当(dang)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai),以(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)故不(bu)(bu)克(ke)。”诏以(yi)(yi)冬已(yi)深,比事毕恐(kong)妨农(nong)作(zuo),乃权止(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。二(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)冬十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue),敕(chi)(chi)令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)议通(tong)(tong)检(jian),宰(zai)臣(chen)奏(zou)曰:“大定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)通(tong)(tong)检(jian)后,距(ju)今(jin)(jin)已(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),旧户(hu)(hu)(hu)贫弱者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)众,傥迟(chi)更定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding),恐(kong)致(zhi)流亡(wang)。”遂(sui)(sui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)制,已(yi)典卖物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)业,止(zhi)(zhi)随(sui)(sui)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou),析户(hu)(hu)(hu)异居者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)许(xu)令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)别籍(ji),户(hu)(hu)(hu)绝及困弱者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)减(jian)(jian)免(mian)(mian),新(xin)(xin)(xin)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)详审(shen)增之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),止(zhi)(zhi)当(dang)从(cong)实(shi),不(bu)(bu)必(bi)敷足元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)数。边城(cheng)被寇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)必(bi)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)。于(yu)是(shi)(shi),令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)吏(li)部(bu)(bu)尚书(shu)(shu)贾执刚(gang)、吏(li)部(bu)(bu)侍郎(lang)高汝砺先推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)在都(dou)两警巡院,示为诸(zhu)路(lu)法(fa)(fa)(fa)。每路(lu)差官一(yi)(yi)(yi)员,命(ming)提(ti)刑司官一(yi)(yi)(yi)员副之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九(jiu)月(yue)(yue),奏(zou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)路(lu)籍(ji)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)钱二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)万六(liu)千(qian)(qian)七百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)贯四(si)百(bai)(bai)(bai)九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文,旧额三(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)万二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)七百(bai)(bai)(bai)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)贯九(jiu)百(bai)(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)文,以(yi)(yi)贫乏(fa)除(chu)(chu)免(mian)(mian)六(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)万八(ba)(ba)(ba)千(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)贯。除(chu)(chu)上(shang)(shang)京,北京、西京路(lu)无新(xin)(xin)(xin)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)增者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),余路(lu)计(ji)收(shou)(shou)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)万二(er)(er)(er)千(qian)(qian)九(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)贯。泰和二(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)闰十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue),上(shang)(shang)以(yi)(yi)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)时,既问(wen)人(ren)(ren)(ren)户(hu)(hu)(hu)浮(fu)财物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li),而(er)又(you)勘当(dang)比次,期(qi)(qi)迫事繁(fan),难得其(qi)实(shi),敕(chi)(chi)尚书(shu)(shu)省,定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)人(ren)(ren)(ren)户(hu)(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)随(sui)(sui)时推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou)法(fa)(fa)(fa),令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)自(zi)今(jin)(jin)典卖事产(chan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)随(sui)(sui)业推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou),别置标(biao)(biao)簿,临(lin)时止(zhi)(zhi)拘浮(fu)财物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)以(yi)(yi)增减(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。泰和四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue),上(shang)(shang)以(yi)(yi)职(zhi)官仕于(yu)远(yuan)方,其(qi)家(jia)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)有(you)(you)应(ying)除(chu)(chu)而(er)不(bu)(bu)除(chu)(chu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),遂(sui)(sui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)典卖实(shi)业逐(zhu)时推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou),若无浮(fu)财营运,应(ying)除(chu)(chu)免(mian)(mian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)本(ben)家(jia)陈(chen)告(gao),集坊村人(ren)(ren)(ren)户(hu)(hu)(hu)推(tui)(tui)唱(chang),验实(shi)免(mian)(mian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。造籍(ji)后如无人(ren)(ren)(ren)告(gao),一(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)内(nei)以(yi)(yi)本(ben)官文牒推(tui)(tui)唱(chang),定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)标(biao)(biao)附于(yu)籍(ji)。五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian),以(yi)(yi)西京、北京边地(di)常罹兵荒(huang),遣使(shi)(shi)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。旧大定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)所定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)万三(san)千(qian)(qian)余贯,遂(sui)(sui)减(jian)(jian)为二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)万七千(qian)(qian)余贯。五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)六(liu)月(yue)(yue),签(qian)南(nan)京按察(cha)司事李革言:“近制,令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)户(hu)(hu)(hu)推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li),置簿标(biao)(biao)题,至(zhi)通(tong)(tong)推(tui)(tui)时,止(zhi)(zhi)增新(xin)(xin)(xin)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),销旧弱,庶得其(qi)实(shi)。今(jin)(jin)有(you)(you)司奉行灭裂,恐(kong)临(lin)时冗并(bing),卒难详审(shen),可(ke)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)(qi)限,立罪以(yi)(yi)督之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”遂(sui)(sui)令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)自(zi)今(jin)(jin)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)日,令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)人(ren)(ren)(ren)户(hu)(hu)(hu)告(gao)诣推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou)标(biao)(biao)附,至(zhi)次年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)日毕,违期(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)言者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)坐罪。且(qie)令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)诸(zhu)处税(shui)务,具税(shui)讫房(fang)地(di),每半月(yue)(yue)具数申报所属(shu),违者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)坐以(yi)(yi)怠慢轻事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪。仍敕(chi)(chi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)既随(sui)(sui)业,通(tong)(tong)推(tui)(tui)时止(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)浮(fu)财。八(ba)(ba)(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)九(jiu)月(yue)(yue),以(yi)(yi)吏(li)部(bu)(bu)尚书(shu)(shu)贾守谦、知(zhi)济南(nan)府事蒲察(cha)张家(jia)奴、莒州(zhou)刺史完颜(yan)百(bai)(bai)(bai)嘉、南(nan)京路(lu)转(zhuan)运使(shi)(shi)宋元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)吉等(deng)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)员,分(fen)路(lu)同本(ben)路(lu)按察(cha)司官一(yi)(yi)(yi)员,推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai)诸(zhu)路(lu)。上(shang)(shang)召(zhao)至(zhi)香(xiang)阁,亲谕(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰:“朕选卿(qing)等(deng)随(sui)(sui)路(lu)推(tui)(tui)排(pai)(pai)(pai),除(chu)(chu)推(tui)(tui)收(shou)(shou)外,其(qi)新(xin)(xin)(xin)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)消乏(fa)户(hu)(hu)(hu),虽集众推(tui)(tui)唱(chang),然消乏(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)勿销不(bu)(bu)尽,如一(yi)(yi)(yi)户(hu)(hu)(hu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)力(li)(li)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)三(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)贯,今(jin)(jin)蠲(juan)免(mian)(mian)二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贯犹(you)有(you)(you)未当(dang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。新(xin)(xin)(xin)强(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)勿添(tian)尽,量存其(qi)力(li)(li),如一(yi)(yi)(yi)户(hu)(hu)(hu)可(ke)添(tian)三(san)百(bai)(bai)(bai)贯,而(er)止(zhi)(zhi)添(tian)二(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)(bai)贯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)。卿(qing)等(deng)各宜尽心(xin),一(yi)(yi)(yi)推(tui)(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)利害所关,苟不(bu)(bu)副所任(ren),罪当(dang)不(bu)(bu)轻也。”