金史 列传第四十七
○完颜素兰 陈(chen)规 许古
完颜素兰(lan),一名翼,字伯扬,至宁元(yuan)年策(ce)论进(jin)士也(ye)。贞祐初(chu),累迁应奉(feng)翰林文(wen)字,权监察御史。二(er)年,宣宗迁汴(bian),留(liu)皇太子(zi)(zi)于燕(yan)都(dou),既(ji)而召(zhao)(zhao)之,素兰(lan)以(yi)为不(bu)可,平(ping)章(zhang)高琪曰:“主上居此,太子(zi)(zi)宜从(cong)。且(qie)汝能保都(dou)城必完否?”素兰(lan)曰:“完固(gu)不(bu)敢必,但太子(zi)(zi)在(zai)(zai)彼则声势俱重(zhong),边隘(ai)有(you)守则都(dou)城可无虞。昔唐明皇幸蜀,太子(zi)(zi)实在(zai)(zai)灵武,盖将以(yi)系天下之心也(ye)。”不(bu)从(cong),竟(jing)召(zhao)(zhao)太子(zi)(zi)从(cong)。
七(qi)月,车驾至汴,素兰上书言事,略曰:“昔东海在位,信用(yong)谗谄,疏斥(chi)忠直,以致小人(ren)(ren)日进,君(jun)子日退(tui),纪(ji)纲紊乱(luan),法度益隳。风折城门之(zhi)(zhi)关,火焚(fen)市里之(zhi)(zhi)舍,盖上天垂象以儆惧(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)也。言者劝(quan)其(qi)亲君(jun)子、远小人(ren)(ren)、恐(kong)惧(ju)修省,以答天变,东海不(bu)从(cong),遂(sui)至亡灭。夫善(shan)救(jiu)乱(luan)者必(bi)迹其(qi)乱(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)所由生,善(shan)革弊者必(bi)究其(qi)弊之(zhi)(zhi)所自(zi)起(qi),诚(cheng)能大(da)明黜(chu)陟以革东海之(zhi)(zhi)政,则治(zhi)安之(zhi)(zhi)效可指日而(er)(er)待也。陛(bi)下龙(long)兴,不(bu)思(si)出(chu)此(ci),辄(zhe)议南(nan)迁,诏下之(zhi)(zhi)日,士民相率上章(zhang)请留,启行之(zhi)(zhi)日,风雨不(bu)时、桥梁数(shu)坏(huai),人(ren)(ren)心(xin)天意(yi)亦可见矣。此(ci)事既往,岂容复追,但自(zi)今尤宜戒(jie)慎,覆车之(zhi)(zhi)辙不(bu)可引辕而(er)(er)复蹈(dao)也。”
又曰:“国家(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可一日(ri)无(wu)兵,兵不(bu)(bu)(bu)可一日(ri)无(wu)食。陛下为社稷之计,宫中(zhong)用(yong)度皆从贬损,而(er)(er)有司(si)复多(duo)置(zhi)军官,不(bu)(bu)(bu)恤妄(wang)费,甚无(wu)谓也。或谓军官之众(zhong)所以张大(da)威声,臣窃(qie)以为不(bu)(bu)(bu)然。不(bu)(bu)(bu)加精(jing)选而(er)(er)徒务其多(duo),缓急临敌其可用(yong)乎?且中(zhong)都惟其粮乏(fa),故(gu)使车驾至此。稍获(huo)安地,遂忘其危(wei)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)之备,万一再如(ru)前日(ri),未知有司(si)复请陛下何之也。”
三(san)年(nian)正(zheng)月,素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)自(zi)(zi)(zi)中都计议(yi)军(jun)(jun)(jun)事(shi)(shi)回,上书(shu)(shu)(shu)求见,乞屏左(zuo)右。上遣人(ren)(ren)(ren)谕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰:“屏人(ren)(ren)(ren)奏(zou)事(shi)(shi),朕固(gu)常尔(er)。近(jin)以(yi)(yi)游茂因缘生(sheng)疑间之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)语,故凡(fan)有(you)(you)所(suo)引见,必令(ling)一近(jin)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)立侍,汝(ru)有(you)(you)封章,亦无(wu)(wu)患不(bu)(bu)(bu)密(mi)也(ye)(ye)。”寻召至近(jin)侍局,给纸(zhi)劄令(ling)书(shu)(shu)(shu)所(suo)欲言(yan),书(shu)(shu)(shu)未及半,上出御(yu)(yu)便(bian)殿见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),悉(xi)去左(zuo)右,惟(wei)近(jin)侍局直长赵(zhao)和(he)和(he)在焉。素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)奏(zou)曰:“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)闻(wen)兴(xing)(xing)衰(shuai)治乱有(you)(you)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常,在所(suo)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)如(ru)何(he)(he)(he)耳。用(yong)得(de)其(qi)人(ren)(ren)(ren),虽衰(shuai)乱尚可扶持(chi),一或非(fei)才,则治安(an)(an)亦乱矣(yi)(yi)。向者(zhe)飐军(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变(bian),中都帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)自(zi)(zi)(zi)足剿灭(mie),朝(chao)廷(ting)乃(nai)令(ling)移剌刺塔(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)等招(zhao)(zhao)诱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)(gan)尽其(qi)力,既不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)招(zhao)(zhao),愈不(bu)(bu)(bu)可制矣(yi)(yi)。至于(yu)(yu)伯德文(wen)哥(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)叛(pan),帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)方议(yi)削其(qi)权(quan),而(er)(er)(er)朝(chao)廷(ting)传旨俾(bi)领义军(jun)(jun)(jun),文(wen)哥(ge)由是(shi)益肆,改(gai)除之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)令(ling)辄拒不(bu)(bu)(bu)受,不(bu)(bu)(bu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)状亦显矣(yi)(yi)。帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)方且(qie)收(shou)捕,而(er)(er)(er)朝(chao)廷(ting)复赦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),且(qie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)令(ling)隶帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)。国(guo)家(jia)付(fu)方面于(yu)(yu)重臣(chen)(chen)(chen),乃(nai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)信(xin)任(ren)(ren),顾养(yang)叛(pan)贼(zei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奸,不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)谁为陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)画此(ci)计者(zhe)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)自(zi)(zi)(zi)外(wai)风闻(wen),皆(jie)(jie)平(ping)章高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi),惟(wei)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)裁(cai)察(cha)。”上曰:“汝(ru)言(yan)皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)。文(wen)哥(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),朕所(suo)未悉(xi),诚如(ru)所(suo)言(yan),朕肯赦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎(hu)?且(qie)汝(ru)何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)知(zhi)此(ci)事(shi)(shi)出于(yu)(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)?”素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)曰:“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)见文(wen)哥(ge)牒永(yong)清副(fu)提控刘(liu)温(wen)云:‘所(suo)差人(ren)(ren)(ren)张希韩(han)至自(zi)(zi)(zi)南(nan)京,道副(fu)枢平(ping)章处(chu)分,已奏(zou)令(ling)文(wen)哥(ge)隶大(da)名行省,勿复遵中都帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)约束’。温(wen)即具(ju)言(yan)于(yu)(yu)帅(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)府(fu)。然则,罪人(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)计结明矣(yi)(yi)。”上颔(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)续奏(zou)曰:“高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)本(ben)无(wu)(wu)勋劳,亦无(wu)(wu)公望,向以(yi)(yi)畏死(si)故擅(shan)诛胡(hu)沙虎,盖出无(wu)(wu)聊耳。一旦得(de)志,妒(du)贤能(neng),树奸党(dang)(dang),窃弄国(guo)权(quan),自(zi)(zi)(zi)作(zuo)威福(fu)(fu)。去岁,都下(xia)(xia)(xia)书(shu)(shu)(shu)生(sheng)樊知(zhi)一者(zhe)诣高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)言(yan):‘飐军(jun)(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可信(xin),恐(kong)终作(zuo)乱。’遂以(yi)(yi)刀杖决(jue)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)无(wu)(wu)复敢(gan)(gan)(gan)言(yan)军(jun)(jun)(jun)国(guo)利害(hai)(hai)者(zhe)。宸(chen)聪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)通,下(xia)(xia)(xia)情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)达,皆(jie)(jie)此(ci)人(ren)(ren)(ren)罪也(ye)(ye)。及飐军(jun)(jun)(jun)为变(bian),以(yi)(yi)党(dang)(dang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)塔(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)为武宁军(jun)(jun)(jun)节度使(shi)往招(zhao)(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),已而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)成,则复以(yi)(yi)为武卫军(jun)(jun)(jun)使(shi)。塔(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)也(ye)(ye)何(he)(he)(he)人(ren)(ren)(ren),且(qie)有(you)(you)何(he)(he)(he)功,而(er)(er)(er)重用(yong)如(ru)此(ci)。以(yi)(yi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)观(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),此(ci)贼(zei)变(bian)乱纪纲(gang),戕害(hai)(hai)忠良(liang),实有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)欲国(guo)家(jia)平(ping)治之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。昔东(dong)海(hai)(hai)时,胡(hu)沙虎跋(ba)扈(hu)无(wu)(wu)上,天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)(gan)言(yan),独台官乌古论德升、张行信(xin)弹劾(he)其(qi)恶,东(dong)海(hai)(hai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)察(cha),卒被(bei)其(qi)祸。今高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)琪(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奸,过(guo)于(yu)(yu)胡(hu)沙虎远(yuan)矣(yi)(yi)。台谏职当言(yan)责,迫于(yu)(yu)凶威,噤不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)(gan)忤。然内外(wai)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)庶见其(qi)恣横,莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)扼腕切(qie)齿,欲一剚刃,陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)何(he)(he)(he)惜而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耶。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)非(fei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)言(yan)出而(er)(er)(er)患至,顾臣(chen)(chen)(chen)父子迭仕圣朝(chao),久食(shi)厚禄,不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)(gan)(gan)偷安(an)(an)。惟(wei)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)断然行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),社稷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)。”上曰:“此(ci)乃(nai)大(da)事(shi)(shi),汝(ru)敢(gan)(gan)(gan)及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),甚善。”素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)复奏(zou):“丞相福(fu)(fu)兴(xing)(xing),国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勋旧,乞召还京,以(yi)(yi)镇雅俗,付(fu)左(zuo)丞彖(tuan)多(duo)以(yi)(yi)留后事(shi)(shi),足也(ye)(ye)。”上曰:“如(ru)卿所(suo)言(yan),二人(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)无(wu)(wu)相恶耶?”素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)曰:“福(fu)(fu)兴(xing)(xing)、彖(tuan)多(duo)同心同德,无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)协者(zhe)。”上曰:“都下(xia)(xia)(xia)事(shi)(shi)殷,恐(kong)丞相不(bu)(bu)(bu)可辍。”素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)曰:“臣(chen)(chen)(chen)闻(wen)朝(chao)廷(ting)正(zheng)则天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)正(zheng),不(bu)(bu)(bu)若令(ling)福(fu)(fu)兴(xing)(xing)还,以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)根本(ben)。”上曰:“朕徐思之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)出,上复戒曰:“今日(ri)与(yu)朕对者(zhe)止汝(ru)二人(ren)(ren)(ren),慎无(wu)(wu)泄也(ye)(ye)。”厥(jue)后,上以(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)(su)兰(lan)屡(lv)进直言(yan),命再任(ren)(ren)监察(cha)御(yu)(yu)史。
四(si)年三月,言:“臣近被命体问外(wai)路(lu)官,廉干者(zhe)(zhe)拟不(bu)(bu)(bu)差遣,若(ruo)懦弱(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)罢(ba)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),具申(shen)朝廷(ting)(ting),别(bie)议(yi)拟注。臣伏(fu)念(nian)彼懦弱(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人虽(sui)令罢(ba)去(qu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)过止(zhi)以待阙(que)者(zhe)(zhe)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其能否又未(wei)可(ke)知(zhi),或反不(bu)(bu)(bu)及前官,盖徒有选人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚(xu)名,而无得人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实(shi)迹(ji)。古语曰:‘县令非其人,百姓受其殃。’今若(ruo)后官更劣(lie),则为患(huan)滋甚,岂朝廷(ting)(ting)恤民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意哉?夫守令,治(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本也。乞令随朝七品(pin)、外(wai)路(lu)六(liu)品(pin)以上官,各举(ju)堪充(chong)司县长官者(zhe)(zhe),仍明(ming)著举(ju)官姓名,他(ta)日(ri)察其能否,同定赏(shang)罚,庶几其可(ke)。议(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)或以阂(he)选法、紊资(zi)品(pin)为言,是不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)方今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事与(yu)平昔不(bu)(bu)(bu)同,岂可(ke)拘一定之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,坐视斯民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)病而不(bu)(bu)(bu)权宜更定乎。”诏有司议(yi)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
时哀宗(zong)为皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi),春宫(gong)所设师(shi)保(bao)赞谕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官多非其(qi)人,于是素兰上章言(yan):“臣闻太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)者天(tian)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)也,欲(yu)治天(tian)下先正(zheng)其(qi)本(ben),正(zheng)本(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要无(wu)他(ta),在选(xuan)人辅翼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。夫生(sheng)于齐(qi)者能齐(qi)言(yan)而不能楚语,未习(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故也。人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)性亦在夫习(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而已。昔(xi)成(cheng)王在襁褓中,即命周(zhou)、召(zhao)以(yi)为师(shi)保(bao),戒其(qi)逸豫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,告以(yi)持守之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,终之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功光(guang)文、武,垂(chui)休(xiu)无(wu)穷。钦惟(wei)陛下顺(shun)天(tian)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心,预建春宫(gong)。皇(huang)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)仁孝聪明出(chu)于天(tian)资,总制(zhi)枢务固已绰然有余,倘更选(xuan)贤如(ru)周(zhou)、召(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俦(chou)者使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夹辅,则成(cheng)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治不足(zu)侔矣。”上称善。未几,擢为内侍局直长(zhang),寻迁谏议大夫,进侍御史。
兴定二(er)年四月,以蒲鲜万奴(nu)叛,遣(qian)(qian)(qian)素兰与近(jin)侍(shi)局副使内(nei)族(zu)讹(e)可(ke)同赴辽(liao)东(dong),诏(zhao)(zhao)谕之(zhi)曰(yue):“万奴(nu)事竟(jing)不(bu)知果(guo)何如(ru),卿(qing)等到彼(bi)当得(de)其(qi)详,然宜(yi)止(zhi)居铁山(shan),若复远去(qu),则朕难(nan)得(de)其(qi)耗也(ye)。”又曰(yue):“朕以讹(e)可(ke)性颇(po)率(lv)易,故特命卿(qing)偕行(xing)(xing),每(mei)事当详议之(zhi)。”素兰将行(xing)(xing),上言曰(yue):“臣(chen)近(jin)请宣谕高丽(li)复开互(hu)市事,闻以诏(zhao)(zhao)书(shu)付(fu)行(xing)(xing)省必(bi)兰出。若令行(xing)(xing)省就遣(qian)(qian)(qian)谕之(zhi),不(bu)过(guo)邻境领受,恐中间有所不(bu)通,使圣(sheng)恩不(bu)达于(yu)高丽(li),高丽(li)亦无由知朝廷(ting)本意也(ye)。况彼(bi)世为籓辅,未(wei)尝阙臣(chen)子礼,如(ru)遣(qian)(qian)(qian)信使明持恩诏(zhao)(zhao)谕之(zhi),贷粮(liang)、开市二(er)者必(bi)有一济。苟俱不(bu)从(cong),则其(qi)曲在彼(bi),然后别议图之(zhi)可(ke)也(ye)。”上是其(qi)言,于(yu)是遣(qian)(qian)(qian)典客署书(shu)表刘(liu)丙从(cong)行(xing)(xing)。及还(hai),授翰林待制。
正大元(yuan)年(nian)正月(yue),诏集群臣议修复河中府,素兰(lan)(lan)与陈规等奏其(qi)未可,语在《规传(chuan)》。是月(yue),转刑部郎中。时南阳人(ren)布陈谋反,坐系(xi)者(zhe)数百人(ren),司直白华言于素兰(lan)(lan)曰:“此狱诖误者(zhe)多,新天子(zi)方务(wu)宽(kuan)大,他日必再诏推问(wen),比得昭雪(xue),死于榜笞之下者(zhe)多矣(yi)。”素兰(lan)(lan)命华及(ji)检法(fa)边泽分别当死、当免者(zhe),素兰(lan)(lan)以闻,止坐首(shou)恶及(ji)拟(ni)伪将相者(zhe)数人(ren),余(yu)悉释(shi)之。
八月,权(quan)户部侍(shi)郎。二年三月,授京西司农卿,俄改司农大卿,转御史(shi)中(zhong)丞。七(qi)年七(qi)月,权(quan)元帅(shuai)右都监、参知政(zheng)事(shi),行省於京兆。未几,迁金安(an)(an)军(jun)节度(du)使,兼同、华(hua)安(an)(an)抚使。既(ji)而召(zhao)还(hai)朝,行至陕被围,久之,亡奔行在,道(dao)中(zhong)遇害。
素兰莅官以修(xiu)谨得名,然苛细(xi)不能(neng)任大事,较之辈流颇可(ke)称。自擢为近侍局直长,每(mei)进言(yan)多有补益(yi)。其居父丧(sang),不饮酒,庐(lu)墓三年(nian),时论以为难。
陈规(gui),字正叔,绛州稷山人(ren)。明昌五年(nian)词赋进(jin)士(shi),南渡为监(jian)察御史。贞祐(you)三年(nian)十一月(yue),上章言(yan):“参政侯挚初(chu)以都西立功,获(huo)不次之(zhi)用(yong),遂自(zi)请镇抚(fu)河北。陛下(xia)遽(ju)授以执政,盖欲(yu)责(ze)其报(bao)效也。既而盘桓西山,不能进(jin)退(tui),及召还阙,自(zi)当(dang)辞避,乃恬然安居,至于(yu)按阅仓库,规(gui)画榷(que)酤,岂大臣所宜亲。方今疆土日(ri)蹙,将帅乏人(ren),士(shi)不选练,冗食猥(wei)多,守令(ling)贪(tan)残(can),百姓(xing)流亡,盗贼滋起,灾变不息,则当(dang)日(ri)夜讲求其故,启(qi)告(gao)陛下(xia)者也,而挚未尝及之(zhi)。伏愿陛下(xia)特赐省(sheng)察,量(liang)其才分别加任使(shi),无令(ling)负(fu)天下(xia)之(zhi)谤。”不报(bao)。又言(yan):“警巡使(shi)冯(feng)祥进(jin)由刀笔,无他才能,第(di)以惨(can)刻督责(ze)为事。由是(shi)升职(zhi),恐长残(can)虐之(zhi)风(feng),乞黜退(tui)以励余者。”诏即罢祥职(zhi),且谕(yu)规(gui)曰:“卿知臣子之(zhi)分,敢言(yan)如此(ci),朕甚(shen)嘉之(zhi)。”
四年正月,上言:“伏见(jian)沿河(he)(he)悉禁物(wu)斛(hu)北渡(du)(du),遂使河(he)(he)北艰食,人(ren)(ren)心(xin)不(bu)(bu)安(an)。昔秦、晋(jin)为(wei)仇,一遇年饥则互输之粟(su)。今圣主在上,一视(shi)同(tong)仁,岂可以一家(jia)(jia)之民自限南(nan)北,坐视(shi)困馁而不(bu)(bu)救哉。况军(jun)(jun)民效死(si)御敌(di),使复(fu)乏食,生亦何聊,人(ren)(ren)心(xin)一摇,为(wei)害不(bu)(bu)细。臣谓宜于大阳(yang)、孟津(jin)等渡(du)(du)委官(guan)阅视(shi),过河(he)(he)之物(wu),每石官(guan)收不(bu)(bu)过其(qi)(qi)(qi)半(ban),则富有之家(jia)(jia)利其(qi)(qi)(qi)厚息,辐凑而往,庶几公私(si)俱足(zu)。”宰执以河(he)(he)南(nan)军(jun)(jun)储为(wei)重,诏两渡(du)(du)委官(guan)取其(qi)(qi)(qi)八,二以与民,至春泽足(zu),大兵(bing)北还(hai),乃(nai)依规请。制可。
三(san)月,上言:“臣因巡按至徐州。去岁河北红袄盗起,州遣(qian)节度副使纥(he)石烈鹤寿将兵讨之,而乃大掠(lve)良民(min)家属为(wei)驱(qu)(qu),甚不可也(ye)。乞(qi)明敕有(you)司,凡鹤寿所虏俱放免(mian)之,余路(lu)军(jun)人有(you)掠(lve)本国人为(wei)驱(qu)(qu)者(zhe),亦乞(qi)一体施行,庶几河朔有(you)所系(xi)望,上恩无有(you)极(ji)已。”事下尚书省,命徐州、归德(de)行院拘括放之,有(you)隐匿者(zhe)坐掠(lve)人为(wei)奴婢法,仍许(xu)诸(zhu)人告捕(bu),依(yi)令(ling)给(ji)赏(shang),被(bei)虏人自诉者(zhe)亦赏(shang)之。
四月(yue),上言(yan):“河(he)北濒河(he)州县,率距一(yi)舍(she)为一(yi)寨,籍居民为兵(bing)。数寨置(zhi)总领官一(yi)人(ren),并以(yi)宣差(cha)从宜(yi)为名。其(qi)人(ren)大抵皆闲官,义军之(zhi)长、偏裨之(zhi)属尤多无赖辈,征逐宴饮(yin)取给(ji)于(yu)下,日以(yi)为常。及敌至则伏匿不出(chu),敌去骚扰如初(chu)。此辈小(xiao)人(ren)假以(yi)重柄,朝(chao)廷号令威权无乃太轻乎(hu)。臣谓宜(yi)皆罢(ba)之(zhi),第委宣抚司从宜(yi)措(cuo)画足矣(yi)。”制可。
七月,上章言:
陛下以上圣宽仁之(zhi)姿(zi),当天地(di)否极之(zhi)运,广开言(yan)(yan)路以求至(zhi)论,虽狂(kuang)妄(wang)失(shi)实者亦不坐罪。臣忝耳目之(zhi)官,居可言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)地(di),苟为缄默,何以仰酬(chou)洪造。谨条陈八事,愿不以人微而废之(zhi),即(ji)无可采,乞放归山林以惩尸禄之(zhi)罪。
一(yi)曰责大(da)臣(chen)以(yi)身任安危(wei)(wei)。今北(bei)兵起自边(bian)陲(chui),深入吾境,大(da)小之(zhi)(zhi)战无不(bu)(bu)胜(sheng)捷,以(yi)致神都(dou)覆没,翠华南(nan)狩,中(zhong)原之(zhi)(zhi)民肝脑涂(tu)地,大(da)河以(yi)北(bei)莽为(wei)(wei)盗(dao)区。臣(chen)每念(nian)及此(ci),惊怛不(bu)(bu)已。况(kuang)宰(zai)相大(da)臣(chen)皆社稷(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)灵(ling)所系以(yi)安危(wei)(wei)者,岂得不(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)陛(bi)下忧虑哉。每朝奏(zou)议(yi),不(bu)(bu)过目前数条,特以(yi)碎末,互生(sheng)(sheng)异同,俱(ju)非救时之(zhi)(zhi)急者。况(kuang)近诏军(jun)旅之(zhi)(zhi)务,专委枢(shu)府,尚书省坐视利害,泛(fan)然不(bu)(bu)问,以(yi)为(wei)(wei)责不(bu)(bu)在己,其(qi)(qi)(qi)于避(bi)嫌周身之(zhi)(zhi)计则(ze)(ze)得矣,社稷(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)灵(ling)将何所赖。古语云(yun):“疑(yi)则(ze)(ze)勿任,任则(ze)(ze)勿疑(yi)。”又曰:“谋(mou)之(zhi)(zhi)欲众,断(duan)(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)欲独。”陛(bi)下既以(yi)宰(zai)相任之(zhi)(zhi),岂可使亲(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)细(xi)而不(bu)(bu)图其(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)者乎(hu)。伏愿特同睿断(duan)(duan),若军(jun)伍器(qi)械、常程文牍即听枢(shu)府专行,至于战守大(da)计、征讨密谋(mou)皆须省院同议(yi)可否,则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)大(da)臣(chen)者知(zhi)有所责,而天下可为(wei)(wei)矣。
二(er)(er)曰(yue)任(ren)(ren)(ren)台谏(jian)(jian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)广耳(er)目(mu)。人主有(you)(you)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen),有(you)(you)议论(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)。政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)宰相(xiang)执政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),和阴阳,遂万物,镇抚四夷,亲附百(bai)姓,与天子经纶于庙(miao)堂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上者(zhe)(zhe)也。议论(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)谏(jian)(jian)官(guan)御(yu)(yu)史,与天子辨曲直(zhi)、正是非者(zhe)(zhe)也。二(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)岂可偏废哉。昔唐文皇制中书门下入(ru)阁(ge)议事(shi)(shi)(shi)皆令谏(jian)(jian)官(guan)随之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),有(you)(you)失辄谏(jian)(jian)。国朝虽设谏(jian)(jian)官(guan),徒备(bei)员耳(er),每遇(yu)奏事(shi)(shi)(shi)皆令回避。或(huo)兼(jian)(jian)他职(zhi),或(huo)为(wei)省部(bu)所(suo)差,有(you)(you)终任(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)觌(di)天颜、不(bu)出一言(yan)而(er)去者(zhe)(zhe)。虽有(you)(you)御(yu)(yu)史,不(bu)过责以(yi)(yi)(yi)纠察官(guan)吏、照刷(shua)案牍(du)、巡视仓库(ku)而(er)已,其(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)关(guan)利(li)(li)害或(huo)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)令更革,则皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)机密(mi)而(er)不(bu)闻。万一政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)专任(ren)(ren)(ren)胸臆(yi)、威福自由,或(huo)掌兵者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)私见败事(shi)(shi)(shi)机,陛下安(an)得而(er)知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。伏(fu)愿(yuan)遴(lin)选学术讠夹(jia)博(bo)、通晓世务(wu)、骨鲠敢言(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)台谏(jian)(jian),凡事(shi)(shi)(shi)关(guan)利(li)(li)害皆令预议,其(qi)或(huo)不(bu)当,悉听论(lun)列,不(bu)许(xu)兼(jian)(jian)职(zhi)及充省部(bu)委差,苟(gou)畏徇不(bu)言(yan)则从而(er)黜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
三(san)曰崇节俭(jian)以(yi)答天(tian)(tian)(tian)意(yi)。昔(xi)卫(wei)文(wen)公乘狄人(ren)灭国(guo)之余,徙居楚丘,才革车三(san)十两,乃(nai)躬行(xing)俭(jian)约,冠(guan)大帛之冠(guan),衣大布之衣,季(ji)年致(zhi)騋牝三(san)千,遂为富庶。汉文(wen)帝承秦、项战争之后,四海困穷(qiong),天(tian)(tian)(tian)子不(bu)能具钧驷(si),乃(nai)示以(yi)敦(dun)朴,身衣弋绨,足履革舄,未几天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)富安(an),四夷咸(xian)服。国(guo)家自(zi)兵兴以(yi)来(lai),州县残毁(hui),存(cun)者(zhe)复为土寇所扰,独(du)河南稍(shao)完,然(ran)大驾所在(zai),其费不(bu)赀,举天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)所奉责之一(yi)路,顾不(bu)难(nan)哉。赖陛下(xia)(xia)慈(ci)仁,上天(tian)(tian)(tian)眷(juan)佑,蝗灾(zai)之余而去岁秋禾、今年夏麦(mai)稍(shao)得支持。夫应天(tian)(tian)(tian)者(zhe)要在(zai)以(yi)实,行(xing)俭(jian)者(zhe)天(tian)(tian)(tian)必降福,切(qie)见宫中及(ji)东宫奉养与平(ping)时无(wu)异,随朝(chao)官吏、诸局(ju)承应人(ren)亦未尝有所裁省。至于贵臣、豪族、掌(zhang)兵官,莫不(bu)以(yi)奢侈相尚,服食车马惟(wei)事纷华。今京(jing)师鬻(yu)明(ming)(ming)金(jin)衣服及(ji)珠玉(yu)犀象者(zhe)日增于旧(jiu),俱非克己消(xiao)厄之道。愿陛下(xia)(xia)以(yi)卫(wei)文(wen)公、汉文(wen)帝为法,凡所奉之物痛自(zi)樽节,罢冗员(yuan),减(jian)浮费,戒豪侈,禁戢(ji)明(ming)(ming)金(jin)服饰,庶皇(huang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)悔祸(huo),太平(ping)可致(zhi)。
四曰选(xuan)守令以结民(min)心(xin)。方今举天(tian)下官(guan)吏军兵之(zhi)费、转(zhuan)输营造之(zhi)劳,皆(jie)仰给(ji)河南(nan)、陕西(xi)。加(jia)之(zhi)连(lian)年蝗旱(han),百姓荐(jian)饥,行赈济则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仓廪(lin)悬乏,免(mian)征(zheng)调(diao)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)用度不(bu)足,欲其(qi)实惠及民(min),惟得贤守令而(er)已。当(dang)赋役繁殷、期(qi)会(hui)促迫之(zhi)际,若措画有方则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)百姓力省(sheng)(sheng)而(er)易办,一或乖谬有不(bu)胜其(qi)害者(zhe)。况县(xian)令之(zhi)弊无(wu)甚于(yu)今,由军卫(wei)监(jian)当(dang)进(jin)纳劳效而(er)得者(zhe)十居八九,其(qi)桀黠者(zhe)乘时贪(tan)纵,庸懦者(zhe)权(quan)归猾吏。近虽遣官(guan)廉(lian)察,治其(qi)奸滥,易其(qi)疲软,然代(dai)者(zhe)亦非选(xuan)择,所谓除(chu)狼得虎(hu)也。伏乞明敕尚书省(sheng)(sheng),公(gong)选(xuan)廉(lian)洁无(wu)私、才堪牧民(min)者(zhe),以补州府官(guan)。仍(reng)清县(xian)令之(zhi)选(xuan),及责随朝(chao)七品,外任六品以上官(guan)各保(bao)堪任县(xian)令者(zhe)一员,如他日(ri)犯(fan)赃并从坐。其(qi)资(zi)历已系正(zheng)七品,及见任县(xian)令者(zhe),皆(jie)听寄理,俟秩(zhi)满升迁(qian)。复(fu)令监(jian)察以时巡按,有不(bu)法及不(bu)任职者(zhe)究治之(zhi),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)实惠及民(min)而(er)民(min)心(xin)固(gu)矣(yi)。
五(wu)曰博(bo)谋群臣以定大(da)计。比者徙(xi)河(he)北军(jun)户百(bai)万(wan)(wan)余口于河(he)南,虽革去(qu)冗滥而(er)(er)所存犹四十(shi)二万(wan)(wan)有(you)奇,岁支粟三百(bai)八十(shi)余万(wan)(wan)斛,致(zhi)竭一(yi)路(lu)终岁之敛(lian),不(bu)能赡此(ci)(ci)不(bu)耕不(bu)战之人。虽无边事(shi)(shi),亦将坐(zuo)困,况兵事(shi)(shi)方兴(xing),未(wei)见息(xi)期(qi)耶。近欲分布沿河(he),使自(zi)种殖,然游惰之人不(bu)知耕稼,群饮赌博(bo)习以成风,是徒烦有(you)司征索(suo)课(ke)租(zu)而(er)(er)已(yi)。举数百(bai)万(wan)(wan)众(zhong)坐(zuo)糜(mi)廪给,缓之则用阙(que),急之则民疲,朝迁惟此(ci)(ci)一(yi)事(shi)(shi)已(yi)不(bu)知所处,又何(he)以待敌哉。是盖(gai)不(bu)审于初,不(bu)计其后,致(zhi)此(ci)(ci)误(wu)也。使初迁时去(qu)留从其所愿(yuan),则欲来者是足(zu)以自(zi)赡之家(jia),何(he)假(jia)官廪,其留者必有(you)避难之所,不(bu)必强遣(qian),当(dang)不(bu)至今日措画之难。古昔人君将举大(da)事(shi)(shi),则谋及(ji)(ji)乃心,谋及(ji)(ji)卿士、庶(shu)人、卜筮,乞自(zi)今凡有(you)大(da)事(shi)(shi)必令省院(yuan)台(tai)谏(jian)及(ji)(ji)随朝五(wu)品以上官同议为便。
六曰(yue)重(zhong)官(guan)(guan)赏以(yi)(yi)劝有功。陛(bi)(bi)下即位以(yi)(yi)来(lai),屡(lv)沛覃恩(en)以(yi)(yi)均大庆,不吝官(guan)(guan)爵以(yi)(yi)激人心(xin),至有未(wei)满一任(ren)而(er)并进(jin)十级(ji),承应未(wei)出(chu)职(zhi)而(er)已(yi)带(dai)骠(piao)骑荣禄者,冗滥之(zhi)(zhi)极至于如此,复开鬻爵进(jin)献之(zhi)(zhi)门,然(ran)则(ze)被坚(jian)执锐效死行(xing)阵(zhen)者何(he)所劝哉。官(guan)(guan)本虚(xu)名(ming),特出(chu)于人主之(zhi)(zhi)口,而(er)天下之(zhi)(zhi)人极意趋慕者,以(yi)(yi)朝(chao)廷爱(ai)重(zhong)耳。若不计勋劳,朝(chao)授(shou)一官(guan)(guan),暮升一职(zhi),人亦将轻之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)不慕矣(yi)。已(yi)然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)事既不可咎,伏愿(yuan)陛(bi)(bi)下重(zhong)惜将来(lai),无使公(gong)器为寻常之(zhi)(zhi)具,功赏为侥(jiao)幸(xing)所乘。又今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)散(san)官(guan)(guan)动至三品,有司艰于迁(qian)授(shou),宜於减罢八(ba)资内量(liang)增阶数,易以(yi)(yi)美名(ming),庶几(ji)历(li)官(guan)(guan)者不至于太(tai)骤,而(er)国家恩(en)权(quan)不失(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)轻矣(yi)。
七曰选将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明军(jun)(jun)(jun)法(fa)。夫将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)司(si)命,天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)所(suo)(suo)赖(lai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)安(an)危者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。举(ju)万众之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命付之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren),呼吸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)决(jue)生死,其任顾不(bu)(bu)重(zhong)欤(yu)?自北兵入境,野战(zhan)则(ze)全军(jun)(jun)(jun)俱殃,城守则(ze)阖郡被屠,岂(qi)皆(jie)士(shi)(shi)卒单弱、守备不(bu)(bu)严哉(zai),特以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)庸将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)不(bu)(bu)知用兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道而已。古语云:“三(san)辰不(bu)(bu)轨,取士(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)相。四(si)夷交(jiao)侵,拔卒为(wei)(wei)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。”今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai),大(da)抵(di)先(xian)论出身官品,或(huo)门阀膏粱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi),或(huo)亲(qin)故假托之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流,平(ping)居则(ze)意(yi)气自高,遇敌则(ze)首(shou)尾退缩,将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)既(ji)自畏怯,士(shi)(shi)卒夫谁(shei)肯前(qian)。又(you)(you)居常裒(pou)刻,纳其馈献,士(shi)(shi)卒因(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)扰(rao)良民而莫可制(zhi)。及(ji)率之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)应敌,在途(tu)则(ze)前(qian)后乱行(xing),屯次则(ze)排(pai)门择屋(wu),恐逼小民,恣(zi)其求索,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此责其畏法(fa)死事,岂(qi)不(bu)(bu)难(nan)哉(zai)。况今(jin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)官数(shu)(shu)多,自千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu)而上,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)万户(hu)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)副统、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)都(dou)统、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)副提控,十(shi)羊九牧,号令不(bu)(bu)一(yi)(yi)(yi),动相牵制(zhi)。切闻国初取天下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),元(yuan)帅(shuai)而下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),惟(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)万户(hu),所(suo)(suo)统军(jun)(jun)(jun)士(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)数(shu)(shu)万人(ren)(ren),专制(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)路,岂(qi)在多哉(zai)?多则(ze)难(nan)择,少则(ze)易(yi)精(jing)。今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)军(jun)(jun)(jun)法(fa),每二十(shi)五人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)谋(mou)(mou)克(ke)(ke),四(si)谋(mou)(mou)克(ke)(ke)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu),谋(mou)(mou)克(ke)(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)蒲辇一(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)、旗鼓(gu)司(si)火头五人(ren)(ren),其任战(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)才十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)八人(ren)(ren)而已。又(you)(you)为(wei)(wei)头目选其壮健以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)给使令,则(ze)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu)所(suo)(suo)统不(bu)(bu)及(ji)百人(ren)(ren),不(bu)(bu)足成其队伍(wu)矣。古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)良将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)常与士(shi)(shi)卒同甘苦(ku),今(jin)军(jun)(jun)(jun)官既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)俸廪(lin),又(you)(you)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)券粮,一(yi)(yi)(yi)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)给兼数(shu)(shu)十(shi)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)则(ze)丰饱有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)余,士(shi)(shi)卒则(ze)饥(ji)寒不(bu)(bu)足,曷若裁(cai)省(sheng)冗食而加(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)军(jun)(jun)(jun)士(shi)(shi)哉(zai)。伏乞明敕(chi)大(da)臣,精(jing)选通晓军(jun)(jun)(jun)政者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),分诣诸路,编列队伍(wu),要必(bi)五十(shi)人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)谋(mou)(mou)克(ke)(ke),四(si)谋(mou)(mou)克(ke)(ke)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu),五千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)万户(hu),谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)散将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。万人(ren)(ren)设(she)一(yi)(yi)(yi)都(dou)统,谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang),总(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帅(shuai)府。数(shu)(shu)不(bu)(bu)足者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)并之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其副统、副提控及(ji)无军(jun)(jun)(jun)虚(xu)(xu)设(she)都(dou)统、万户(hu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)悉罢省(sheng)。仍敕(chi)省(sheng)院大(da)臣及(ji)内外五品以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上,各举(ju)方略(lve)优长(zhang),武(wu)勇出众、材堪将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)(yi)二人(ren)(ren),不(bu)(bu)限官品,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)充万户(hu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上都(dou)统、元(yuan)帅(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)职。千(qian)(qian)(qian)户(hu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia),选军(jun)(jun)(jun)中有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)谋(mou)(mou)略(lve)武(wu)艺为(wei)(wei)众所(suo)(suo)服者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)充。申(shen)明军(jun)(jun)(jun)法(fa),居常教阅,必(bi)使将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)明于奇正虚(xu)(xu)实(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)(shu),士(shi)(shi)卒熟于坐作进(jin)退之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节。至于弓矢铠仗须令自负,习于劳苦(ku)。若有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)犯(fan),必(bi)刑无赦(she)。则(ze)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帅(shuai)得(de)人(ren)(ren),士(shi)(shi)气日振,可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)待敌矣。
八曰练(lian)士卒以(yi)(yi)振兵(bing)威。昔周世宗常(chang)曰:“兵(bing)贵精而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)贵多,百农夫不(bu)(bu)(bu)能养一战士,奈何朘民脂膏养此(ci)无(wu)用之(zhi)(zhi)卒。苟健懦(nuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)分,众(zhong)何以(yi)(yi)劝。”因大搜军(jun)(jun)卒,遂下淮南(nan),取(qu)三关,兵(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)血刃,选(xuan)练(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)力也。唐(tang)魏徵曰:“兵(bing)在(zai)以(yi)(yi)道御(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)已(yi)。御(yu)壮健足以(yi)(yi)无(wu)敌(di)于天下,何取(qu)细弱以(yi)(yi)增(zeng)虚数。”比者(zhe)(zhe)凡战多败(bai)(bai),非由兵(bing)少,正以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)多而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)分健懦(nuo),故为敌(di)所乘,懦(nuo)者(zhe)(zhe)先(xian)奔(ben),健者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能独战而(er)(er)遂溃,此(ci)所以(yi)(yi)取(qu)败(bai)(bai)也。今莫若选(xuan)差习兵(bing)公正之(zhi)(zhi)官(guan),将已(yi)籍军(jun)(jun)人随其(qi)(qi)所长而(er)(er)类试之(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)武艺出众(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)别作(zuo)一军(jun)(jun),量增(zeng)口(kou)粮,时加训练(lian),视(shi)等第而(er)(er)赏之(zhi)(zhi)。如(ru)此(ci),则人人激厉,争效(xiao)所长,而(er)(er)衰懦(nuo)者(zhe)(zhe)亦有可用之(zhi)(zhi)渐矣。昔唐(tang)文皇出征,常(chang)分其(qi)(qi)军(jun)(jun)为上(shang)中(zhong)下,凡临敌(di)则观其(qi)(qi)强弱,使(shi)下当其(qi)(qi)上(shang),而(er)(er)上(shang)当其(qi)(qi)中(zhong),中(zhong)当其(qi)(qi)下。敌(di)乘下军(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)过奔(ben)逐数步,而(er)(er)上(shang)军(jun)(jun)中(zhong)军(jun)(jun)已(yi)胜(sheng)其(qi)(qi)二军(jun)(jun),用是(shi)常(chang)胜(sheng)。盖古之(zhi)(zhi)将帅亦有以(yi)(yi)懦(nuo)兵(bing)委敌(di)者(zhe)(zhe),要在(zai)预为分别,不(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)混淆(xiao)耳。
上(shang)览书不悦,诏付尚(shang)书省诘之。宰执恶其纷(fen)更诸事,谓所(suo)言多(duo)不当(dang)。于是规惶惧待罪,诏谕(yu)曰:“朕始以规有放归(gui)山(shan)林之语(yu),故令(ling)诘之,乃(nai)辞以不职忌(ji)讳,意谓朕恶其言而怒也。朕初无意加罪,其令(ling)御史台(tai)谕(yu)之。”寻出为徐(xu)州帅府经历官。
正大(da)元年(nian),召(zhao)为(wei)右(you)司谏,数上章言(yan)事,寻权(quan)吏部(bu)郎中。时诏(zhao)群臣议修(xiu)复(fu)河中府,规(gui)与杨(yang)云(yun)翼等(deng)言(yan):“河中今为(wei)无人之(zhi)境,陕西民力(li)(li)疲乏,修(xiu)之(zhi)亦不能守,不若以见(jian)屯军士量力(li)(li)补治,待其可守即修(xiu)之(zhi)未(wei)晚也。”从之(zhi)。未(wei)几,坐事解职(zhi)。初,吏部(bu)尚书赵伯成坐铨选吏员出身王京与进士王著(zhu)填开(kai)封警巡(xun)判官(guan)见(jian)阙,为(wei)京所讼免(mian)官(guan),规(gui)亦坐之(zhi)。是年(nian)十(shi)一月,改充补阙。十(shi)二(er)月,言(yan)将相非材,且(qie)荐数人可用者。
二年正月,规及台谏同奏五(wu)事(shi)(shi):一(yi)(yi),乞(qi)尚书省提(ti)控(kong)枢密院,如大(da)定、明昌故事(shi)(shi)。二,简留(liu)亲卫军。三,沙(sha)汰冗(rong)军,减(jian)行枢密院、帅府。四(si),选大(da)臣(chen)为宣抚使,招集流亡以实边防。五(wu),选官置所(suo),议一(yi)(yi)切省减(jian)。略施行之。
四(si)月,以(yi)大旱(han)诏规审理(li)冤滞,临发上奏:“今(jin)河南一路便宜(yi)(yi)、行(xing)院(yuan)、帅(shuai)府、从宜(yi)(yi)凡(fan)二(er)十处,陕西行(xing)尚书省(sheng)、帅(shuai)府五,皆得以(yi)便宜(yi)(yi)杀人(ren),冤狱在此,不在州县。”又曰:“雨(yu)水不时则责审理(li),然则职(zhi)燮(xie)理(li)者(zhe)当何(he)如(ru)?”上善其言而不能有为(wei)也。
十一月(yue),上(shang)召完颜(yan)素兰及规(gui)入见,面(mian)谕曰(yue)(yue):“宋(song)人轻犯边界,我以(yi)轻骑袭之,冀其惩创(chuang)告和(he)(he),以(yi)息吾民耳。宋(song)果行成,尚欲用(yong)兵乎(hu)。卿(qing)等当识此意。”规(gui)进曰(yue)(yue):“帝(di)王之兵贵(gui)于(yu)万全,昔光武中兴,所征必克,犹言‘每一出兵,头须为(wei)白’。兵不(bu)(bu)(bu)妄动(dong)如(ru)(ru)(ru)此。”上(shang)善(shan)之。四(si)年三月(yue),上(shang)召群(qun)臣(chen)喻以(yi)陕(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue):“方春北方马渐羸瘠,秋高大势并(bing)来,何以(yi)支(zhi)持。朕已喻合(he)达尽力决一战矣,卿(qing)等以(yi)为(wei)如(ru)(ru)(ru)何?”又(you)言和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi)无益,撒(sa)合(he)辇力破(po)和(he)(he)议,赛(sai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言:“今(jin)已遣(qian)和(he)(he)使,可中辍乎(hu)。”余(yu)皆(jie)无言,规(gui)独进曰(yue)(yue):“兵难遥(yao)度,百闻不(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)一见。臣(chen)尝任陕(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi)官,近年又(you)屡到陕(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi),兵将(jiang)冗懦,恐不(bu)(bu)(bu)可用(yong),未如(ru)(ru)(ru)圣料(liao)。”言未终,乌(wu)古(gu)论(lun)四(si)和(he)(he)曰(yue)(yue):“陈规(gui)之言非(fei)是,臣(chen)近至(zhi)陕(shan)西(xi)(xi)(xi),军士(shi)勇锐,皆(jie)思一战。”监察御史完颜(yan)习显从而和(he)(he)之,上(shang)首肯(ken),又(you)泛言和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。规(gui)对曰(yue)(yue):“和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi)固非(fei)上(shang)策,又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可必成,然(ran)方今(jin)事(shi)(shi)(shi)势不(bu)(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)。使彼(bi)难从,犹可以(yi)激厉将(jiang)士(shi),以(yi)待其变(bian)。”上(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)为(wei)然(ran)。明日,又(you)令集议省中,欲罢和(he)(he)事(shi)(shi)(shi),群(qun)臣(chen)多以(yi)和(he)(he)为(wei)便,乃诏行省斟酌(zhuo)发遣(qian),而事(shi)(shi)(shi)竟不(bu)(bu)(bu)行。
十月(yue),规(gui)与(yu)右拾遗李大(da)节上章,劾同判大(da)睦(mu)亲事撒合辇(nian)谄佞,招权(quan)纳贿及不公事。由(you)是(shi)撒合辇(nian)竟出(chu)为(wei)中京留守,朝廷快之(zhi)。五年二(er)月(yue),又与(yu)大(da)节言(yan)三(san)事:“一(yi),将帅出(chu)兵每为(wei)近臣牵(qian)制,不得专辄。二(er),近侍送宣传旨,公受(shou)赂遗,失朝廷体,可一(yi)切(qie)禁绝。三(san),罪同罚异,何以(yi)使人。”上嘉纳焉(yan)。
初(chu),宣宗尝(chang)召文绣署令王寿孙作(zuo)大(da)红半身绣衣(yi),且(qie)戒以勿令陈(chen)规(gui)(gui)知。及成,进,召寿孙问曰:“曾令陈(chen)规(gui)(gui)辈知否?”寿孙顿(dun)首言(yan):“臣(chen)(chen)侍禁(jin)庭,凡(fan)宫(gong)(gong)省(sheng)大(da)小事(shi)不(bu)敢为外(wai)人言(yan),况亲被圣训乎。”上(shang)因(yin)叹曰:“陈(chen)规(gui)(gui)若知,必以华(hua)饰(shi)谏我(wo),我(wo)实畏其言(yan)。”盖(gai)规(gui)(gui)言(yan)事(shi)不(bu)假(jia)借,朝望甚(shen)重,凡(fan)宫(gong)(gong)中举(ju)事(shi),上(shang)必曰:“恐陈(chen)规(gui)(gui)有(you)言(yan)。”一时近臣(chen)(chen)切议,惟畏陈(chen)正叔耳,挺然一时直士也。后出为中京副留守,未赴,卒,士论惜(xi)之。
规博(bo)学(xue)能文(wen),诗亦有律度。为(wei)人刚(gang)毅质(zhi)实,有古人风,笃于(yu)学(xue)问,至老不(bu)废。浑源刘从(cong)益见其所上(shang)八(ba)事,叹曰:“宰相材也(ye)。”每与人论(lun)及时事辄(zhe)愤惋,盖(gai)伤(shang)其言之不(bu)行也(ye)。南渡后,谏(jian)官称许古、陈规,而规不(bu)以讦直自名,尤见重云。死之日,家无一金(jin),知友为(wei)葬(zang)之。子良臣(chen)。
许古,字道(dao)真,汾阳军(jun)节度使致仕安仁(ren)子也。登明昌五年词赋进士第。贞祐初,自左拾遗拜(bai)监察御(yu)史。时宣宗迁汴,信任丞相高琪,无(wu)恢(hui)复之谋,古上章曰:
自中都失守,庙社陵寝(qin)、宫室(shi)府库,至于图籍重器,百年积累,一朝弃之。惟圣主痛(tong)悼(dao)之心至为深(shen)切,夙夜思惧所以建中兴之功(gong)者(zhe),未尝少置也。为臣(chen)子者(zhe)食禄受责,其(qi)能(neng)无愧乎!且闾阎细民犹颙望朝廷整训师徒,为恢复计(ji)。而今(jin)才闻拒河自保,又尽徙诸路军户河南,彼既弃其(qi)恆产无以自生,土居之民复被其(qi)扰(rao),臣(chen)不(bu)知(zhi)谁(shei)为此谋(mou)者(zhe)。然(ran)业已(yi)如是,但当议(yi)所以处之,使军无妄费,民不(bu)至困穷则善(shan)矣。
臣(chen)闻安危所(suo)系,在于一相,孔子称:“危而不持,颠而不扶,则将焉(yan)用(yong)?”事(shi)势至(zhi)此,不知(zhi)执政者(zhe)每对(dui)天颜,何以(yi)仰答清问也。今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)急,莫若得人(ren),如(ru)(ru)前(qian)御史大(da)夫裴(pei)满德仁、工部尚书孙(sun)德渊,忠谅明敏(min),可以(yi)大(da)用(yong),近皆(jie)(jie)许告老,愿复起而任之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),必能有所(suo)建(jian)立以(yi)利国(guo)家(jia)。太(tai)子太(tai)师致仕孙(sun)铎,虽颇衰疾,如(ru)(ru)有大(da)议犹可赐召,或就问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。人(ren)才自(zi)古所(suo)难(nan),凡知(zhi)治体者(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)当(dang)重惜,况此耆(qi)旧,岂宜轻弃哉(zai)。若乃临事(shi)不尽(jin)其心(xin),虽尽(jin)心(xin)而不明於理,得无益、失无损者(zhe),纵其尚壮,亦安所(suo)用(yong)。方时多难(nan),固不容(rong)碌(liu)碌(liu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒备员尸(shi)素,以(yi)塞(sai)贤路也。惟陛下宸衷(zhong)刚断(duan),黜陟一新,以(yi)幸天下。臣(chen)前(qian)为(wei)拾(shi)遗时,已尝(chang)备论择相之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,乞取臣(chen)前(qian)奏(zou)并今(jin)所(suo)言,加(jia)审思焉(yan)。
臣(chen)又闻将者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)民(min)之司命,国家安危所(suo)(suo)系(xi),故古之人(ren)(ren)君必(bi)重其(qi)选,为(wei)将者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦必(bi)以(yi)(yi)天下为(wei)己任。夫将者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贵(gui)谋(mou)而贱战,必(bi)也赏罚使(shi)人(ren)(ren)信(xin)之而不(bu)疑,权谋(mou)使(shi)人(ren)(ren)由之而不(bu)知,三军奔走号令(ling)以(yi)(yi)取(qu)胜,然后(hou)中心诚服而乐(le)为(wei)之用。迩来城守不(bu)坚(jian),临战辄(zhe)北,皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)将之不(bu)才故也。私于所(suo)(suo)昵,赏罚不(bu)公,至于众怨,而惧(ju)其(qi)生变,则抚摩慰籍,一切为(wei)姑息之事(shi)(shi)。由是兵轻其(qi)将,将畏其(qi)兵,尚能使(shi)之出(chu)死力以(yi)(yi)御敌乎?愿令(ling)腹心之臣(chen)及闲于兵事(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),各举所(suo)(suo)知,果得真才,优加宠任,由战功可(ke)期矣。如河东宣(xuan)抚使(shi)胥鼎、山东宣(xuan)抚使(shi)完(wan)颜(yan)弼(bi)、涿州刺史内族从坦,昭义节度使(shi)必(bi)兰阿鲁带,或忠勤勇(yong)干,或重厚有谋(mou),皆(jie)可(ke)任之,以(yi)(yi)扞方面。
又曰:
河北诸路以(yi)(yi)(yi)都城既(ji)失(shi),军户尽迁,将谓(wei)国(guo)家举而弃之,州县官(guan)往往逃奔河南。乞令所在根括,立期遣(qian)(qian)还,违者(zhe)勿复(fu)录用。未尝(chang)离(li)任(ren)者(zhe)议加恩赉(lai),如(ru)愿自(zi)(zi)效(xiao)河北者(zhe)亦听陈(chen)请,仍先(xian)赏(shang)之,减其日(ri)月。州县长(zhang)贰官(guan)并令兼领军职,许择军中有(you)才(cai)略胆勇者(zhe)为头目,或(huo)加爵(jue)命以(yi)(yi)(yi)收其心(xin),能(neng)取一府者(zhe)即授以(yi)(yi)(yi)府长(zhang)官(guan),州县亦如(ru)之,使人怀(huai)复(fu)土(tu)之心(xin)。别遣(qian)(qian)忠实(shi)干济者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)檄官(guan)赏(shang)招(zhao)诸胁从人,彼(bi)既(ji)苦(ku)于敌役,来者(zhe)必(bi)多,敌势当自(zi)(zi)削。有(you)司不知(zhi)出此,而但为清野计,事无(wu)缓急惟期速办,今晚禾十损七八,远近危惧,所谋可谓(wei)大戾矣。
又曰:
京师诸夏根本,况今(jin)常宿重兵,缓急(ji)征讨必由(you)于(yu)此,平(ping)时尚(shang)宜优于(yu)外(wai)路,使百姓有(you)所蓄积,虽在私室犹(you)公(gong)家也。今(jin)有(you)司(si)搜括余粮,致转贩(fan)者(zhe)无复敢入,宜即止之(zhi)。臣顷看(kan)读陈言(yan),见(jian)其尽(jin)心竭诚以吐正论者(zhe),率皆草泽(ze)疏(shu)(shu)贱之(zhi)人,况在百僚,岂无为国深忧进章疏(shu)(shu)者(zhe)乎?诚宜明敕中外(wai),使得尽(jin)言(yan)不讳(hui),则太平(ping)之(zhi)长(zhang)策出矣。
诏付尚(shang)书(shu)省(sheng),略(lve)施行焉。
寻迁尚(shang)书左司(si)员(yuan)外郎,兼起居注,无何,转右(you)司(si)谏。时(shi)丞相(xiang)高琪(qi)立(li)法,职官有犯(fan)皆的决(jue),古(gu)及(ji)左司(si)谏抹(mo)捻胡鲁(lu)剌(la)上(shang)(shang)言(yan)曰:“礼义(yi)廉(lian)耻以(yi)治君子,刑罚威狱以(yi)治小人,此万(wan)世不(bu)易论也。近者(zhe)(zhe)朝廷急(ji)于(yu)求治,有司(si)奏请从权(quan)立(li)法:职官有犯(fan)应赎者(zhe)(zhe)亦多(duo)的决(jue)。夫爵禄所以(yi)驭贵也,贵不(bu)免辱,则(ze)卑贱者(zhe)(zhe)又何加焉。车驾所驻非(fei)同征行,而凡科征小过皆以(yi)军期罪之(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)已甚(shen)乎(hu)。陛下(xia)仁(ren)恕,决(jue)非(fei)本心(xin),殆有司(si)不(bu)思宽静可(ke)以(yi)措安(an),而专事督责故耳。且百官皆朝廷遴选,多(duo)由(you)文行、武功、阀阅而进,乃与凡庶等,则(ze)享爵禄者(zhe)(zhe)亦不(bu)足(zu)为荣矣。抑(yi)又有大可(ke)虑者(zhe)(zhe),为上(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)将(jiang)(jiang)曰官犹不(bu)免,民复何辞,则(ze)苛暴(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)日(ri)行。为下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)将(jiang)(jiang)曰彼既亦然,吾复何耻,则(ze)陵犯(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)益肆。其弊岂胜言(yan)哉(zai)。伏愿依元年赦恩‘刑不(bu)上(shang)(shang)大夫’之(zhi)(zhi)文,削此一(yi)切之(zhi)(zhi)法,幸甚(shen)。”上(shang)(shang)初欲行之(zhi)(zhi),而高琪(qi)固执以(yi)为不(bu)可(ke),遂寝。
四年,以(yi)(yi)右司谏兼侍御史(shi)。时大(da)(da)兵(bing)越潼关而东,诏尚书(shu)省(sheng)集百官议(yi),古上言曰:“兵(bing)逾关而朝(chao)廷甫知,此(ci)盖诸将欺蔽罪也。虽然(ran),大(da)(da)兵(bing)驻(zhu)阌(wen)乡境(jing),数(shu)日不动(dong),意者恐吾河(he)南之(zhi)(zhi)军逆诸前,陕西之(zhi)(zhi)众议(yi)其后,或欲先令觇者伺趋向之(zhi)(zhi)便,或以(yi)(yi)深入人境(jing)非其地利而自(zi)危,所以(yi)(yi)观(guan)望未遽进也。此(ci)时正宜(yi)选募锐卒并(bing)力击之(zhi)(zhi),且(qie)开其归路(lu),彼既疑惑,遇敌必走,我众从(cong)而袭之(zhi)(zhi),其破必矣(yi)。”上以(yi)(yi)示尚书(shu)省(sheng),高琪沮其议(yi),遂不行。是(shi)月(yue),始置招贤所,令古等领(ling)其事(shi)。
兴定元(yuan)年(nian)七月,上(shang)(shang)(shang)闻宋(song)兵(bing)(bing)连陷赣(gan)榆、涟水诸(zhu)县,且获伪檄,辞多诋斥,因谕(yu)(yu)宰臣曰(yue):“宋(song)人构(gou)祸久矣,朕(zhen)姑含容者(zhe),众虑开兵(bing)(bing)端以(yi)劳吾民(min)耳。今(jin)数见侵,将何(he)(he)以(yi)处(chu),卿(qing)等其与百官议。”于(yu)是(shi)集众议于(yu)都堂,古(gu)曰(yue):“宋(song)人孱弱(ruo),畏我素深,且知北兵(bing)(bing)方强,将恃我为(wei)(wei)(wei)屏蔽(bi),虽(sui)时(shi)跳(tiao)梁,计必(bi)不(bu)敢深入(ru),其侮嫚之(zhi)语(yu),特(te)市井屠沽兒所为(wei)(wei)(wei),乌足较(jiao)之(zhi)。止当命有(you)(you)(you)司移文,谕(yu)(yu)以(yi)本朝(chao)(chao)累(lei)有(you)(you)(you)大造(zao),及圣(sheng)主兼爱生灵意。彼若有(you)(you)(you)知,复寻旧好,则又何(he)(he)求。其或怙恶(e)(e)不(bu)悛,举众讨之(zhi),顾亦未晚也。”时(shi)预议者(zhe)十余人,虽(sui)或小异而大略则一(yi),既而丞(cheng)相(xiang)高琪等奏:“百官之(zhi)议,咸请严兵(bing)(bing)设备(bei)以(yi)逸待劳,此上(shang)(shang)(shang)策也。”上(shang)(shang)(shang)然之(zhi)。时(shi)朝(chao)(chao)廷以(yi)诸(zhu)路(lu)把(ba)军(jun)官时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)和不(bu)听(ting),更相(xiang)诉讼,古(gu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)言曰(yue):“臣以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)者(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)劝,恶(e)(e)者(zhe)有(you)(you)(you)惩,国之(zhi)大法也。苟(gou)善(shan)恶(e)(e)不(bu)闻,则上(shang)(shang)(shang)下相(xiang)蒙,惩劝无(wu)所施矣。”上(shang)(shang)(shang)嘉纳(na)之(zhi)。
古(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)廷欲(yu)(yu)举兵(bing)(bing)伐宋,上疏谏曰:“昔大(da)定初(chu),宋人(ren)犯宿州,已而屡败,世宗料(liao)其不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢遽(ju)乞和,乃(nai)敕元帅府遣人(ren)议之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),自是太平几三十(shi)年(nian)。泰和中(zhong),韩侂(tuo)(tuo)胄妄开边(bian)衅,章宗遣驸马(ma)仆撒揆(kui)讨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。揆(kui)虑兵(bing)(bing)兴费重不(bu)(bu)(bu)能久(jiu)支,阴遣侂(tuo)(tuo)胄族人(ren)赍(ji)乃(nai)祖琦(qi)画(hua)像及家(jia)牒,伪为归附,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见丘崇,因之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)继好,振旅而还。夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)世宗、章宗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隆,府库充实(shi)(shi),天下(xia)(xia)富庶,犹先俯屈以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)即(ji)成功(gong),告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖庙(miao),书之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)史册(ce),为万世美谈,今(jin)其可不(bu)(bu)(bu)务乎?今(jin)大(da)兵(bing)(bing)少(shao)息,若复南边(bian)无事,则(ze)(ze)太平不(bu)(bu)(bu)远矣(yi)。或谓专(zhuan)用(yong)威武(wu)可使(shi)宋人(ren)屈服,此殆虚(xu)言(yan)(yan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)究(jiu)实(shi)(shi)用(yong)。借令时(shi)获小(xiao)捷,亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)足多贺。彼(bi)见吾势大(da),必坚守不(bu)(bu)(bu)出,我军仓猝(cu)无得,须还以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)就粮,彼(bi)复乘而袭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)我欲(yu)(yu)战不(bu)(bu)(bu)得、欲(yu)(yu)退不(bu)(bu)(bu)能,则(ze)(ze)休兵(bing)(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期殆未见也(ye)。况(kuang)彼(bi)有(you)江南蓄积(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余(yu),我止河(he)南一路征(zheng)敛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊,可为寒(han)心。愿陛下(xia)(xia)隐忍(ren)包(bao)容,速行此策(ce),果通知,则(ze)(ze)大(da)兵(bing)(bing)闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦将敛迹,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)吾无掣肘故也(ye)。河(he)南既(ji)得息肩,然后经略(lve)朔(shuo)方,则(ze)(ze)陛下(xia)(xia)享中(zhong)兴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福,天下(xia)(xia)赖涵养之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庆矣(yi)。惟陛下(xia)(xia)略(lve)近功(gong)、虑后患,不(bu)(bu)(bu)胜幸(xing)甚。”上是其言(yan)(yan),即(ji)命古(gu)草议和牒文。既(ji)成,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)宰臣,宰臣言(yan)(yan)其有(you)哀祈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,自示(shi)微弱,遂不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)。
监察御史粘割(ge)梭(suo)(suo)失劾榷货司同提举毛端(duan)卿(qing)贪污不法,古以(yi)(yi)词理繁(fan)杂,辄为(wei)删(shan)定,颇有脱漏,梭(suo)(suo)失以(yi)(yi)闻,削官(guan)一阶(jie),解职(zhi),特免殿年。三年正(zheng)月,尚(shang)书(shu)省奏谏官(guan)阙员,因以(yi)(yi)古为(wei)请,上曰:“朕昨暮(mu)方思古,而卿(qing)等及(ji)之(zhi),正(zheng)合朕意,其(qi)趋召之(zhi)。”复拜(bai)左补(bu)阙。八月,削官(guan)四(si)阶(jie),解职(zhi)。初(chu),朝廷遣(qian)近侍局(ju)直长温敦百(bai)家(jia)奴暨刑(xing)部侍郎(lang)奥屯胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撒合徙吉州之(zhi)民于丹以(yi)(yi)避兵锋,州民重迁,遮道(dao)控诉(su),百(bai)家(jia)奴谕以(yi)(yi)天子恐伤百(bai)姓(xing)之(zhi)意,且令召晋安(an)兵将护老幼(you)以(yi)(yi)行。众(zhong)意兵至则(ze)必见强(qiang)也(ye),乃噪入(ru)州署,索(suo)百(bai)家(jia)奴杀之(zhi)。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撒合畏祸,矫徇众(zhong)情,与(yu)之(zhi)会饮歌乐尽日,众(zhong)肩(jian)舁导拥,欢呼拜(bai)谢而去。既还(hai),诏(zhao)古与(yu)监察御史纥石(shi)烈铁论鞫之(zhi),谕旨(zhi)曰:“百(bai)家(jia)奴之(zhi)死,皆胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撒合所卖也(ye),其(qi)阅(yue)实以(yi)(yi)闻。”奥屯胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撒合既下狱,上怒(nu)甚,亟欲(yu)得其(qi)情以(yi)(yi)正(zheng)典刑(xing),而古等颇宽纵之(zhi)。胡(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)撒合自(zi)缢死,有司以(yi)(yi)故出论罪,遂有是罚。
哀宗初即位,召为(wei)补阙,俄迁左司谏,言事稍(shao)不(bu)(bu)及(ji)昔时。未(wei)几,致仕,居(ju)伊(yi)阳,郡(jun)守为(wei)起伊(yi)川亭。古性(xing)嗜(shi)酒,老(lao)而未(wei)衰,每乘舟(zhou)出村落间,留饮或十(shi)数日不(bu)(bu)归,及(ji)溯流而上,老(lao)稚争(zheng)为(wei)挽舟(zhou),数十(shi)里不(bu)(bu)绝,其为(wei)时人爱慕(mu)如此。正大(da)(da)七(qi)(qi)年(nian)卒,年(nian)七(qi)(qi)十(shi)四。古平生好(hao)为(wei)诗及(ji)书,然不(bu)(bu)为(wei)士大(da)(da)夫所(suo)重(zhong),时论但称(cheng)其直(zhi)云。
天兴间(jian),有右司谏陈岢(ke)者,遇事辄言无少隐,上尝面奖。及汴京被兵,屡上封事言得失,请战一书尤为(wei)剀切,其略云:“今日之事,皆出陛下不(bu)断,将相(xiang)(xiang)怯懦,若因循不(bu)决(jue),一旦无如之何,恐君臣(chen)相(xiang)(xiang)对涕(ti)泣而已。”可谓切中时(shi)(shi)病,而时(shi)(shi)相(xiang)(xiang)赤(chi)盏合(he)喜等沮之,策为(wei)不(bu)行,识者惜(xi)焉。岢(ke)字和之,沧州人,大安元年进(jin)士。
赞曰:宣宗即位,孜孜焉以继述世宗为志,而其所为一切反之。大定讲和,南北称治,贞祐用兵,生民涂炭。石琚为相,君臣之间务行宽厚。高琪秉政,恶儒喜吏,上下苛察。完颜素兰首攻琪恶,谓琪必乱纪纲。陈规力言刀笔吏残虐,恐坏风俗。许古请与宋和,辞极忠爱。三人所言皆切中时病,有古诤臣之风焉。宣宗知其为直,而不用其言,如是而欲比隆世宗,难矣。
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