晋书--列传(chuan)第四(si)十二
郭璞 葛洪
郭璞(pu),字景纯,河(he)东闻喜人(ren)也(ye)。父瑗,尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)都令史。时(shi)尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)杜预有(you)所增(zeng)损,瑗多驳正之(zhi),以公方著(zhu)称。终(zhong)于建平太守。璞(pu)好(hao)经术,博(bo)学有(you)高才,而讷于言论,词赋为(wei)中兴之(zhi)冠。好(hao)古文(wen)奇字,妙于阴阳算(suan)历(li)。有(you)郭公者,客居河(he)东,精于卜(bu)筮,璞(pu)从之(zhi)受业。公以《青囊中书(shu)(shu)》九(jiu)卷与之(zhi),由是遂洞五行、天文(wen)、卜(bu)筮之(zhi)术,攘灾转祸,通致无方,虽(sui)京房、管辂不能过也(ye)。璞(pu)门人(ren)赵载尝(chang)窃《青襄(xiang)书(shu)(shu)》,未及读,而为(wei)火所焚。
惠怀(huai)之际,河东先扰。璞(pu)(pu)筮之,投(tou)策而叹曰(yue):“嗟乎(hu)!黔黎将湮(yin)于异类,桑梓其翦为(wei)龙荒乎(hu)!”于是潜结姻昵及交(jiao)游数十(shi)家,欲避地东南。抵(di)将军赵固(gu),会(hui)固(gu)所乘良马(ma)死,固(gu)惜之,不(bu)接宾(bin)客。璞(pu)(pu)至,门吏不(bu)为(wei)通。璞(pu)(pu)曰(yue):“吾能(neng)活(huo)马(ma)。”吏惊(jing)入白固(gu)。固(gu)趋(qu)出,曰(yue):“君能(neng)活(huo)吾马(ma)乎(hu)?”璞(pu)(pu)曰(yue):“得(de)健夫二三(san)十(shi)人,皆(jie)持(chi)长竿(gan),东行三(san)十(shi)里,有丘林社(she)庙者,便(bian)(bian)以竿(gan)打拍(pai),当(dang)得(de)一物(wu),宜急持(chi)归。得(de)此(ci)(ci),马(ma)活(huo)矣。”固(gu)如(ru)其言,果得(de)一物(wu)似猴(hou),持(chi)归。此(ci)(ci)物(wu)见死马(ma),便(bian)(bian)嘘吸其鼻。顷(qing)之马(ma)起,奋(fen)迅嘶鸣,食如(ru)常,不(bu)复见向物(wu)。固(gu)奇(qi)之,厚加资给。
行至庐(lu)江,太守(shou)胡孟康(kang)被丞相召为军谘(zi)祭(ji)酒。时江淮清宴,孟康(kang)安(an)之(zhi)(zhi),无(wu)心南渡(du)。璞为占曰(yue)“败(bai)”。康(kang)不(bu)之(zhi)(zhi)信。璞将促装(zhuang)去之(zhi)(zhi),爱(ai)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)婢,无(wu)由而得,乃取(qu)小豆三(san)斗,绕主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)宅散之(zhi)(zhi)。主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)晨见赤衣人(ren)(ren)数(shu)(shu)千围其家,就视(shi)则灭(mie),甚恶(e)之(zhi)(zhi),请璞为卦。璞曰(yue):“君(jun)家不(bu)宜畜此(ci)婢,可于东(dong)南二十里卖之(zhi)(zhi),慎勿争价,则此(ci)妖可除也。”主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)从之(zhi)(zhi)。璞阴令人(ren)(ren)贱买此(ci)婢。复为符投于井中,数(shu)(shu)千赤衣人(ren)(ren)皆反缚,一一自投于并,主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)大(da)悦(yue)。璞携婢去。后数(shu)(shu)旬(xun)而庐(lu)江陷(xian)。
璞(pu)既过江,宣城(cheng)太守殷祐(you)引(yin)为参军。时有(you)(you)物(wu)大(da)如水牛,灰色卑脚,脚类象(xiang),胸前尾上皆白(bai),大(da)力而(er)迟钝,来到城(cheng)下(xia),众咸(xian)异焉(yan)。祐(you)使人伏(fu)(fu)而(er)取之(zhi),令璞(pu)作(zuo)卦,遇《遁》之(zhi)《蛊》,其(qi)卦曰(yue):“《艮》体连(lian)《乾》,其(qi)物(wu)壮巨。山潜之(zhi)畜(chu),匪(fei)兕匪(fei)武。身与(yu)鬼并,精(jing)见二(er)午。法当为禽,两灵不(bu)许。遂被一(yi)创,还(hai)其(qi)本墅。按卦名(ming)之(zhi),是(shi)为驴鼠。”卜适了,伏(fu)(fu)者以戟刺之(zhi),深尺余,遂去不(bu)复见。郡纲纪(ji)上祠(ci),请杀之(zhi)。巫云:“庙神(shen)不(bu)悦,曰(yue):‘此是(shi)共(gong)阝亭驴山君鼠,使诣荆山,暂来过我,不(bu)须触之(zhi)。’”其(qi)精(jing)妙(miao)如此。祐(you)迁石头督护,璞(pu)复随之(zhi)。时有(you)(you)鼯鼠出延陵,璞(pu)占之(zhi)曰(yue):“此郡东当有(you)(you)妖人欲称制者,寻亦自死矣。后当有(you)(you)妖树生(sheng),然若(ruo)瑞(rui)而(er)非瑞(rui),辛(xin)螫之(zhi)木也(ye)。傥有(you)(you)此者,东南数(shu)百里(li)必有(you)(you)作(zuo)逆(ni)者,期明年矣。”无锡县欻有(you)(you)茱萸四株(zhu)交枝而(er)生(sheng),若(ruo)连(lian)理者,其(qi)年盗杀吴(wu)兴太守袁琇。或以问璞(pu),璞(pu)曰(yue):“卯爻(yao)发而(er)沴金,此木不(bu)曲直而(er)成(cheng)灾(zai)也(ye)。”王导深重之(zhi),引(yin)参己军事。尝令作(zuo)卦,璞(pu)言:“公有(you)(you)震(zhen)厄,可(ke)命驾西出数(shu)十里(li),得一(yi)柏树,截(jie)断如身长,置常寝处,灾(zai)当可(ke)消(xiao)矣。”导从其(qi)言。数(shu)日果震(zhen),柏树粉碎。
时(shi)元帝初镇鄴,导令璞(pu)筮之(zhi)(zhi),遇《咸》之(zhi)(zhi)《井(jing)》,璞(pu)曰(yue):“东北郡县有(you)(you)(you)‘武’名者(zhe),当出(chu)铎(duo),以(yi)著受命之(zhi)(zhi)符。西(xi)南郡县有(you)(you)(you)‘阳’名者(zhe),井(jing)当沸。”其(qi)后(hou)晋陵武进县人(ren)于田(tian)中得(de)铜铎(duo)五枚,历(li)阳县中井(jing)沸,经日乃止(zhi)。及(ji)帝为晋王(wang),又使璞(pu)筮,遇《豫》之(zhi)(zhi)《睽(kui)》,璞(pu)曰(yue):“会稽(ji)当出(chu)钟(zhong),以(yi)告成功,上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)勒铭(ming),应在人(ren)家(jia)井(jing)泥中得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)。繇(zhou)辞所谓‘先王(wang)以(yi)作(zuo)乐崇德,殷荐(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)帝’者(zhe)也。”及(ji)帝即位,太兴初,会稽(ji)剡县人(ren)果于井(jing)中得(de)一钟(zhong),长七寸(cun)二分,口(kou)径四寸(cun)半(ban),上(shang)有(you)(you)(you)古文奇书(shu)十八(ba)字,云“会稽(ji)岳命”,余字时(shi)人(ren)莫识之(zhi)(zhi)。璞(pu)曰(yue):“盖王(wang)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo),必有(you)(you)(you)灵符,塞天(tian)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)心,与神(shen)物(wu)合契,然后(hou)可(ke)以(yi)言受命矣。观五铎(duo)启号于晋陵,栈钟(zhong)告成于会稽(ji),瑞不(bu)失类,出(chu)皆以(yi)方,岂不(bu)伟哉!若夫(fu)铎(duo)发其(qi)响,钟(zhong)征其(qi)象,器(qi)以(yi)数(shu)臻,事以(yi)实应,天(tian)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)际不(bu)可(ke)不(bu)察。”帝甚重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)。
璞著《江(jiang)赋》,其(qi)辞甚伟,为(wei)世所(suo)称。后(hou)复作《南(nan)郊(jiao)赋》,帝见而嘉之,以为(wei)著作佐郎。于时(shi)阴阳(yang)错缪,而刑(xing)狱繁兴,璞上疏(shu)曰(yue):
臣(chen)(chen)闻《春秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,贵(gui)元(yuan)慎(shen)始(shi),故(gu)分至启闭以(yi)(yi)(yi)观云(yun)物,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)显天(tian)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)统,存休咎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征。臣(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)揆浅见(jian),辄依岁首粗有所(suo)占,卦得《解》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《既济(ji)》。案爻论思(si),方涉春木(mu)王龙德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)废(fei)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)来(lai)见(jian)乘,加升(sheng)阳未布(bu),隆阴仍积,《坎》为(wei)(wei)(wei)法象,刑狱(yu)所(suo)丽(li),变《坎》加《离》,厥象不(bu)(bu)烛。以(yi)(yi)(yi)义推之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)刑狱(yu)殷繁(fan),理(li)有壅(yong)滥。又(you)去年十二(er)月(yue)二(er)十九日,太(tai)白蚀月(yue)。月(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)属《坎》,群阴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)府,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)照察幽情,以(yi)(yi)(yi)佐太(tai)阳者(zhe)(zhe)也。太(tai)白,金(jin)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)星,而(er)来(lai)犯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),天(tian)意若曰刑理(li)失中(zhong),自坏其(qi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)法者(zhe)(zhe)也。臣(chen)(chen)术(shu)学(xue)庸近,不(bu)(bu)练内事,卦理(li)所(suo)及(ji),敢不(bu)(bu)尽言。又(you)去秋(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai),沈(shen)雨跨年,虽为(wei)(wei)(wei)金(jin)家涉火之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祥,然亦是刑狱(yu)充溢(yi),怨叹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)所(suo)致。往建(jian)兴四年十二(er)月(yue)中(zhong),行(xing)丞(cheng)相(xiang)令史淳(chun)于伯刑于市,而(er)血逆流(liu)长标。伯者(zhe)(zhe)小人,虽罪(zui)在未允,何足感动(dong)灵(ling)(ling)变,致若斯(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怪邪!明(ming)皇天(tian)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)保祐(you)金(jin)家,子爱陛下,屡(lv)见(jian)灾异,殷勤(qin)无已。陛下宜侧身思(si)惧,以(yi)(yi)(yi)应灵(ling)(ling)谴。皇极(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谪,事不(bu)(bu)虚降(jiang)。不(bu)(bu)然,恐将来(lai)必有愆阳苦雨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)灾,崩震薄蚀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变,狂狡蠢戾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妖(yao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)益陛下旰食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劳也。
臣谨寻按(an)旧(jiu)经,《尚(shang)书》有五事供御(yu)之(zhi)术,京(jing)房易传有消复之(zhi)救,所以缘咎而致庆,因异而迈(mai)政。故木(mu)不生(sheng)庭,太戊(wu)无以隆;雉不鸣鼎(ding),武丁不为宗。夫寅畏者所以飨福,怠傲者所以招(zhao)患,此(ci)自然之(zhi)符应,不可(ke)不察也。案《解(jie)卦》繇云:“君子(zi)以赦(she)过宥罪。”《既(ji)济(ji)》云;“思(si)患而豫(yu)防之(zhi)。”臣愚以为宜(yi)发哀(ai)矜之(zhi)诏,引(yin)在予之(zhi)责,荡除瑕衅(xin),赞阳布(bu)惠,使(shi)幽毙之(zhi)人应苍生(sheng)以悦育,否滞(zhi)之(zhi)气随谷风(feng)而纾散。此(ci)亦寄(ji)时事以制用,藉开塞而曲成者也。
臣(chen)窃观陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)贞明仁恕,体(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)自然,天(tian)假其祚,奄有区夏,启重光于已昧,廓四祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)遐武,祥灵表(biao)瑞,人(ren)鬼献(xian)谋,应天(tian)顺时,殆不(bu)(bu)尚此(ci)。然陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)即位以(yi)(yi)来,中兴之(zhi)(zhi)化未阐(chan),虽躬综万机(ji),劳(lao)逾(yu)日昃(ze),玄泽(ze)未加于群生(sheng),声教(jiao)未被乎宇宙(zhou),臣(chen)主未宁(ning)于上,黔细(xi)未辑(ji)于下(xia)(xia),《鸿(hong)雁(yan)》之(zhi)(zhi)咏不(bu)(bu)兴,康衢之(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)不(bu)(bu)作者(zhe),何也(ye)?杖道之(zhi)(zhi)情未著,而(er)任刑(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)风先彰,经国之(zhi)(zhi)略(lve)未震,而(er)轨物之(zhi)(zhi)迹屡迁。夫(fu)(fu)法令不(bu)(bu)一则(ze)人(ren)情惑,职次(ci)数(shu)改(gai)则(ze)觊觎生(sheng),官方不(bu)(bu)审则(ze)秕政作,惩劝不(bu)(bu)明则(ze)善(shan)恶浑,此(ci)有国者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)慎也(ye)。臣(chen)窃为(wei)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)惜之(zhi)(zhi)。夫(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)区区之(zhi)(zhi)曹(cao)参(can),犹能遵盖公之(zhi)(zhi)一言(yan),倚清靖以(yi)(yi)镇(zhen)俗,寄市狱以(yi)(yi)容非,德音不(bu)(bu)忘,流(liu)咏于今。汉之(zhi)(zhi)中宗,聪(cong)悟独断,可谓(wei)令主,然厉意刑(xing)(xing)(xing)名,用亏(kui)纯德。《老(lao)子》以(yi)(yi)礼(li)为(wei)忠信之(zhi)(zhi)薄(bo),况刑(xing)(xing)(xing)又是(shi)礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)糟粕者(zhe)乎!夫(fu)(fu)无为(wei)而(er)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)宰以(yi)(yi)宰之(zhi)(zhi),固陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)体(ti)者(zhe)也(ye)。耻其君不(bu)(bu)为(wei)尧舜者(zhe),亦岂(qi)惟古人(ren)!是(shi)以(yi)(yi)敢肆狂瞽,不(bu)(bu)隐其怀(huai)。若(ruo)臣(chen)言(yan)可采(cai),或所(suo)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)尘露之(zhi)(zhi)益;若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)足采(cai),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)广听纳之(zhi)(zhi)门。愿(yuan)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)少留神鉴,赐(ci)察(cha)臣(chen)言(yan)。
疏奏,优诏报之。
其后日(ri)有黑气,璞复上疏曰:
臣(chen)以顽昧,近者冒陈所(suo)见(jian),陛(bi)下不遗狂言,事蒙御省。伏读圣(sheng)诏(zhao),欢惧(ju)交(jiao)战。臣(chen)前云升(sheng)阳(yang)未布(bu),隆(long)阴仍(reng)积,《坎(kan)》为法(fa)象,刑狱所(suo)丽,变《坎(kan)》加《离》,厥象不烛,疑将来必有薄蚀之(zhi)变也。此月(yue)(yue)四(si)日,日出山六七丈(zhang),精光潜昧,而色都赤(chi),中有异(yi)物大如(ru)鸡子,又有青(qing)黑之(zhi)气共相薄击,良(liang)久方解。案(an)时在(zai)岁首纯阳(yang)之(zhi)月(yue)(yue),日在(zai)癸亥全(quan)阴之(zhi)位(wei),而有此异(yi),殆元首供(gong)御之(zhi)义(yi)不显,消复(fu)之(zhi)理(li)不著之(zhi)所(suo)致也。计去(qu)微臣(chen)所(suo)陈,未及一月(yue)(yue),而便有此变,益明(ming)皇(huang)天留(liu)情陛(bi)下恳恳之(zhi)至也。
往年(nian)岁末,太白蚀月,今在岁始,日(ri)有咎谪。会未(wei)数旬,大眚再见。日(ri)月告衅,见惧诗(shi)人(ren)(ren),无(wu)曰天(tian)高(gao),其鉴不远(yuan)。故宋景言善,荧惑(huo)退(tui)次;光武(wu)宁(ning)乱,呼沲结(jie)冰。此明天(tian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)悬符,有若形影之(zhi)(zhi)相应(ying)。应(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)德,则休祥臻;酬之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)怠,则咎征作(zuo)。陛(bi)下宜恭承灵谴,敬天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)怒,施(shi)沛然之(zhi)(zhi)恩,谐(xie)玄(xuan)同之(zhi)(zhi)化,上所以(yi)允塞(sai)天(tian)意(yi),下所以(yi)弭息群(qun)谤。
臣闻人之(zhi)多幸(xing)(xing),国之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)幸(xing)(xing)。赦不(bu)(bu)宜数(shu),实如圣旨。臣愚以(yi)为子产(chan)之(zhi)铸刑书,非政事之(zhi)善(shan),然(ran)不(bu)(bu)得(de)不(bu)(bu)作者(zhe),须以(yi)救(jiu)弊故也(ye)。今之(zhi)宜赦,理亦(yi)如之(zhi)。随(sui)时之(zhi)宜,亦(yi)圣人所善(shan)者(zhe)。此国家大信之(zhi)要,诚非微臣所得(de)干豫。今圣朝明哲,思弘谋(mou)猷(you),方辟四(si)门以(yi)亮采,访舆诵于群心(xin),况(kuang)臣蒙(meng)珥(er)笔朝末,而可不(bu)(bu)竭(jie)诚尽规哉!
顷之(zhi)迁(qian)尚书郎。数言便宜,多研匡益。明(ming)帝之(zhi)在(zai)东(dong)宫,与温峤、庾(yu)亮并有布(bu)衣之(zhi)好,璞亦以才学(xue)见重,埒(lie)于峤、亮,论者美之(zhi)。然性(xing)(xing)轻易,不修威仪,嗜酒(jiu)好色,时或过度(du)。著作郎干宝(bao)常诫之(zhi)曰(yue):“此非适(shi)性(xing)(xing)之(zhi)道(dao)也。”璞曰(yue):“吾所受有本限,用之(zhi)恆恐不得尽(jin),卿乃忧酒(jiu)色之(zhi)为患乎!”
璞(pu)既好卜筮(shi),缙(jin)绅多笑(xiao)之。又自以才高位卑(bei),乃(nai)著《客傲》,其辞曰:
客傲(ao)郭(guo)生曰:“玉以兼城为宝,士(shi)以知(zhi)名(ming)为贤。明月不妄映,兰葩岂(qi)虚(xu)鲜。今(jin)足下(xia)既(ji)以拔文(wen)秀(xiu)于丛荟(hui),廕弱根于庆云(yun),陵扶(fu)摇(yao)而(er)(er)(er)竦翮,挥清澜以濯鳞,而(er)(er)(er)响不彻于一皋(gao),价不登乎(hu)千金。傲(ao)岸荣悴之(zhi)际,颉(jie)颃(hang)龙鱼之(zhi)间(jian),进不为谐隐,退不为放言,无沈冥(ming)之(zhi)韵(yun),而(er)(er)(er)希风乎(hu)严先,徒(tu)费思于赞味(wei),摹《洞(dong)林》乎(hu)《连山》,尚何名(ming)乎(hu)!夫攀骊(li)龙之(zhi)髯,抚翠禽之(zhi)毛,而(er)(er)(er)不得绝霞肆、跨天津者,未之(zhi)前(qian)闻也。”
郭生粲然而笑曰:“鹪鹩不(bu)可(ke)与论云翼(yi),井蛙难与量海鰲。虽然,将祛子之惑,讯以未悟,其可(ke)乎(hu)?
“乃(nai)者地维中绝,乾光坠采,皇运暂回,廓祚淮海。龙德时乘,群才云骇(hai),蔼若邓林之(zhi)(zhi)会逸翰,烂若溟海之(zhi)(zhi)纳奔涛,不(bu)烦咨嗟之(zhi)(zhi)访,不(bu)假蒲帛之(zhi)(zhi)招,羁(ji)九有之(zhi)(zhi)奇骏,咸总之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)一(yi)朝,岂惟丰沛之(zhi)(zhi)英,南阳之(zhi)(zhi)豪!昆吾(wu)挺(ting)锋(feng),骕骦(shuang)轩髦,杞梓竞敷,兰荑(ti)争翘,嘤声冠于(yu)伐木,援类繁乎拔茅。是以(yi)水无浪士,岩无幽人,刈兰不(bu)暇,爨桂不(bu)给,安(an)事错薪(xin)乎!
“且夫窟泉之(zhi)(zhi)潜不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)思云翚(hui),熙冰(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)采不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)羡旭晞,混光耀于(yu)(yu)埃蔼者(zhe),亦曷愿(yuan)沧浪之(zhi)(zhi)深(shen),秋(qiu)阳之(zhi)(zhi)映乎(hu)(hu)(hu)!登降纷于(yu)(yu)九五(wu),沦涌悬乎(hu)(hu)(hu)龙(long)津。蚓蛾以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)才陆槁,蟒(mang)蛇以(yi)腾骛暴鳞。连城之(zhi)(zhi)宝(bao),藏于(yu)(yu)褐里,三秀(xiu)虽艳(yan),糜于(yu)(yu)丽采。香恶乎(hu)(hu)(hu)芬?贾恶乎(hu)(hu)(hu)在?是(shi)(shi)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)冥,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骊(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)骍,支离其神(shen),萧悴(cui)其形(xing)(xing)。形(xing)(xing)废则神(shen)王,迹(ji)粗(cu)而名(ming)生(sheng)。体全者(zhe)为牺(xi),至独者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)孤,傲俗者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得以(yi)自得,默觉(jue)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)以(yi)涉无。故不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)恢心而形(xing)(xing)遗,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)外累(lei)而智丧,无岩(yan)穴(xue)而冥寂(ji),无江湖而放浪。玄(xuan)悟不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)应机,洞鉴不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)昭旷。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)物(wu)(wu)物(wu)(wu)我我,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)非(fei)非(fei)。忘(wang)意非(fei)我意,意得非(fei)我怀。寄群(qun)籁乎(hu)(hu)(hu)无象(xiang),域万殊于(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)归。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)寿殇子,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)夭彭涓(juan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)壮(zhuang)秋(qiu)豪(hao),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小(xiao)太山(shan)。蚊(wen)泪与(yu)天地齐流,蜉蝣与(yu)大椿齿年。然一(yi)(yi)阖一(yi)(yi)开,两仪之(zhi)(zhi)迹(ji),一(yi)(yi)冲一(yi)(yi)溢,悬象(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)节,涣互期于(yu)(yu)寒(han)暑,凋(diao)蔚要乎(hu)(hu)(hu)春(chun)秋(qiu)。青阳之(zhi)(zhi)翠秀(xiu),龙(long)豹(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)委颖,骏狼之(zhi)(zhi)长晖,玄(xuan)陆之(zhi)(zhi)短(duan)景。故皋壤为悲欣之(zhi)(zhi)府,胡蝶为物(wu)(wu)化(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)器矣。
“夫欣黎黄之(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)者,不(bu)颦蟪蛄(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)吟(yin);豁云台之(zhi)(zhi)观者,必閟(bi)带(dai)索之(zhi)(zhi)欢。纵(zong)蹈(dao)而(er)咏采荠(ji),拥璧(bi)而(er)叹抱关(guan)。战机心以外物,不(bu)能得意于一弦。悟往复于嗟(jie)叹,安(an)可与(yu)言乐天者乎!若乃庄周偃蹇于漆园,老莱(lai)婆娑于林(lin)窟,严平澄漠(mo)于尘肆(si),梅真(zhen)隐沦乎市卒,梁生吟(yin)啸而(er)矫迹,焦先(xian)混(hun)沌(dun)而(er)槁杌,阮公昏酣而(er)卖傲,翟叟遁形以倏(shu)忽(hu)。吾不(bu)能岁韵(yun)于数贤,故寂然玩此员策(ce)与(yu)智(zhi)骨。”
永(yong)昌元(yuan)年,皇(huang)孙生(sheng),璞上疏(shu)曰(yue):
有道之(zhi)(zhi)君未(wei)(wei)尝不(bu)以危自持,乱(luan)世之(zhi)(zhi)主未(wei)(wei)尝不(bu)以安自居。故(gu)存而不(bu)忘亡(wang)者,三代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)所以兴也;亡(wang)而自以为存者,三季之(zhi)(zhi)所以废也。是以古之(zhi)(zhi)令主开(kai)纳忠谠,以弼其违;标显(xian)切(qie)直(zhi),用(yong)攻其失(shi)。至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃(nai)闻(wen)一善则(ze)拜(bai),见规诫则(ze)惧。何者?盖不(bu)私其身,处(chu)天下以至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公也。臣窃(qie)惟(wei)陛下符运(yun)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)著,勋业至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大,而中(zhong)兴之(zhi)(zhi)祚(zuo)不(bu)隆、圣敬之(zhi)(zhi)风未(wei)(wei)跻者,殆由法令太明,刑教太峻。故(gu)水至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清则(ze)无鱼,政至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)察则(ze)众乖,此自然之(zhi)(zhi)势也。
臣去(qu)(qu)春启事(shi),以(yi)囹圄充斥(chi),阴阳不和,推之卦(gua)理,宜因郊祀作赦,以(yi)荡涤瑕秽。不然(ran),将来(lai)(lai)必(bi)有(you)愆阳苦雨之灾,崩震薄蚀(shi)之变,狂狡蠢(chun)戾之妖。其后(hou)月余,日(ri)果薄斗。去(qu)(qu)秋以(yi)来(lai)(lai),诸郡并有(you)暴雨,水皆洪(hong)潦,岁用(yong)无年。适(shi)闻吴兴(xing)复欲有(you)构(gou)妄者(zhe),咎征(zheng)渐成(cheng),臣甚恶之。顷者(zhe)以(yi)来(lai)(lai),役赋转重,狱犴日(ri)结,百姓困扰,甘乱者(zhe)多,小(xiao)人愚险,共相扇惑。虽势无所(suo)至,然(ran)不可不虞。案《洪(hong)范传》,君道亏则(ze)日(ri)蚀(shi),人愤怨则(ze)水涌益,阴气积则(ze)下代上。此(ci)微理潜应已著实于事(shi)者(zhe)也。假令臣遂不幸(xing)谬中,必(bi)贻陛下侧席之忧。
今皇孙载育(yu),天固灵(ling)基,黔(qian)首颙颙,实望惠(hui)润。又岁涉午位,金(jin)家所忌。宜于此(ci)时(shi)崇恩布泽(ze),则火气潜消,灾谴不生矣。陛下上承天意,下顺物情,可(ke)因皇孙之庆大赦天下。然后明罚敕(chi)法,以肃理官,克厌(yan)天心,慰塞人事,兆庶幸甚,祯祥必臻矣。
臣(chen)(chen)(chen)今(jin)所陈,暂而(er)省之(zhi)(zhi),或未(wei)允(yun)圣旨,久而(er)寻之(zhi)(zhi),终(zhong)亮臣(chen)(chen)(chen)诚。若所启上合,愿陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)勿以臣(chen)(chen)(chen)身废(fei)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)言。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)言无隐,而(er)陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)纳之(zhi)(zhi),适所以显君明臣(chen)(chen)(chen)直之(zhi)(zhi)义耳。
疏奏,纳焉,即大(da)赦改年。
时暨(ji)阳人(ren)(ren)任谷因耕息于树下,忽有(you)一(yi)人(ren)(ren)著(zhu)羽衣就淫之(zhi),既而不(bu)知所(suo)(suo)在(zai),谷遂有(you)娠。积(ji)月(yue)将产,羽衣人(ren)(ren)复(fu)来(lai),以(yi)(yi)刀穿其(qi)(qi)(qi)阴下,出一(yi)蛇子便去。谷遂成宦(huan)者(zhe)。后诣阙上书,自(zi)云有(you)道术。帝留谷于宫(gong)中。璞复(fu)上疏(shu)曰:“任谷所(suo)(suo)为(wei)妖异,无(wu)有(you)因由。陛(bi)(bi)(bi)下玄鉴广览,欲知其(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing)状,引之(zhi)禁内,供给安处。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)闻(wen)为(wei)国(guo)以(yi)(yi)礼正(zheng)(zheng),不(bu)闻(wen)以(yi)(yi)奇邪(xie)。所(suo)(suo)听惟(wei)人(ren)(ren),故神(shen)降之(zhi)吉(ji)。陛(bi)(bi)(bi)下简默居正(zheng)(zheng),动遵典刑。案(an)《周礼》,奇服怪(guai)人(ren)(ren)不(bu)入(ru)宫(gong),况谷妖诡怪(guai)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)甚者(zhe),而登讲(jiang)肆(si)之(zhi)堂,密迩(er)殿省(sheng)之(zhi)侧,尘点日月(yue),秽乱天听,臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)私情(qing)窃所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)取也。陛(bi)(bi)(bi)下若以(yi)(yi)谷信为(wei)神(shen)灵所(suo)(suo)凭者(zhe),则应敬而远之(zhi)。夫神(shen),聪明(ming)正(zheng)(zheng)直(zhi),接以(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)事。若以(yi)(yi)谷为(wei)妖蛊诈妄者(zhe),则当投畀裔土,不(bu)宜令亵(xie)近紫闱。若以(yi)(yi)谷或是神(shen)祇(zhi)告谴、为(wei)国(guo)作(zuo)眚者(zhe),则当克己修礼以(yi)(yi)弭其(qi)(qi)(qi)妖,不(bu)宜令谷安然自(zi)容,肆(si)其(qi)(qi)(qi)邪(xie)变也。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)愚以(yi)(yi)为(wei)阴阳陶烝,变化万(wan)端,亦是狐狸魍魉凭假作(zuo)慝。愿陛(bi)(bi)(bi)下采臣(chen)(chen)(chen)愚怀,特遣谷出。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)乏,忝(tian)荷(he)史任,敢忘直(zhi)笔(bi),惟(wei)义是规。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)后元帝崩,谷因亡走。
璞(pu)(pu)(pu)以(yi)母忧去职,卜(bu)葬地于暨阳(yang)(yang),去水百步许。人以(yi)近水为言,璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue):“当(dang)(dang)即为陆(lu)矣(yi)。”其(qi)后沙涨,去墓(mu)数十里皆为桑田。未期,王敦(dun)(dun)起(qi)璞(pu)(pu)(pu)为记(ji)室参军。是时颍川陈述为大(da)(da)将军掾,有(you)美名,为敦(dun)(dun)所重,未几而没(mei)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)哭之(zhi)哀甚,呼(hu)曰(yue):“嗣(si)祖,嗣(si)祖,焉(yan)知(zhi)非福!”夫几而敦(dun)(dun)作难。时明帝(di)即位逾年(nian)(nian),未改号(hao),而荧惑守房。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)时休归,帝(di)乃(nai)遣使赍手诏(zhao)问(wen)璞(pu)(pu)(pu)。会暨阳(yang)(yang)县复(fu)上言曰(yue)赤乌见。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)乃(nai)上疏(shu)请改年(nian)(nian)肆赦,文多不(bu)(bu)载。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)尝为人葬,帝(di)微服往观之(zhi),因(yin)问(wen)主人何以(yi)葬龙角(jiao),此法当(dang)(dang)灭(mie)族。主人曰(yue):“郭(guo)璞(pu)(pu)(pu)云此葬龙耳,不(bu)(bu)出三年(nian)(nian)当(dang)(dang)致天(tian)(tian)子也(ye)。”帝(di)曰(yue):“出天(tian)(tian)子邪?”答(da)曰(yue):“能致天(tian)(tian)子问(wen)耳。”帝(di)甚异之(zhi)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)素与桓(huan)彝(yi)友善(shan),彝(yi)每(mei)造之(zhi),或值璞(pu)(pu)(pu)在妇间,便入(ru)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue):“卿(qing)来(lai)(lai),他(ta)处自可(ke)(ke)径前(qian),但不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)厕上相寻耳。必客主有(you)殃。”彝(yi)后因(yin)醉诣璞(pu)(pu)(pu),正逢在厕,掩而观之(zhi),见璞(pu)(pu)(pu)裸(luo)身(shen)被发,衔(xian)刀设醊(chuo)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)见彝(yi),抚心(xin)大(da)(da)惊(jing)曰(yue):“吾每(mei)属卿(qing)勿来(lai)(lai),反更如是!非但祸吾,卿(qing)亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)免矣(yi)。天(tian)(tian)实为之(zhi),将以(yi)谁咎!”璞(pu)(pu)(pu)终婴王敦(dun)(dun)之(zhi)祸,彝(yi)亦(yi)(yi)死苏(su)峻之(zhi)难。
王敦(dun)(dun)(dun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谋逆也,温峤(jiao)(jiao)、庾亮(liang)使璞(pu)(pu)(pu)筮(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),璞(pu)(pu)(pu)对(dui)不(bu)决。峤(jiao)(jiao)、亮(liang)复(fu)令占己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉(ji)凶(xiong)(xiong),璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“大吉(ji)。”峤(jiao)(jiao)等(deng)退,相谓曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“璞(pu)(pu)(pu)对(dui)不(bu)了,是(shi)不(bu)敢有(you)言,或天夺敦(dun)(dun)(dun)魄。今吾等(deng)与(yu)国家共举(ju)大事(shi),而璞(pu)(pu)(pu)云(yun)大吉(ji),是(shi)为举(ju)事(shi)必(bi)有(you)成(cheng)也。”于(yu)是(shi)劝(quan)(quan)帝讨敦(dun)(dun)(dun)。初(chu),璞(pu)(pu)(pu)每(mei)言“杀我(wo)者山宗”,至是(shi)果(guo)有(you)姓崇者构璞(pu)(pu)(pu)于(yu)敦(dun)(dun)(dun)。敦(dun)(dun)(dun)将举(ju)兵,又使璞(pu)(pu)(pu)筮(shi)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“无成(cheng)。”敦(dun)(dun)(dun)固疑璞(pu)(pu)(pu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劝(quan)(quan)峤(jiao)(jiao)、亮(liang),又闻(wen)卦凶(xiong)(xiong),乃问璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue);“卿更(geng)筮(shi)吾寿(shou)几(ji)何?”答(da)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“思向(xiang)卦,明(ming)公起(qi)事(shi),必(bi)祸(huo)不(bu)久(jiu)。若住武昌,寿(shou)不(bu)可测。”敦(dun)(dun)(dun)大怒(nu)(nu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“卿寿(shou)几(ji)何?”曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“命尽今日(ri)日(ri)中。”敦(dun)(dun)(dun)怒(nu)(nu),收(shou)璞(pu)(pu)(pu),诣(yi)南冈斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)临出,谓行(xing)刑者欲何之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“南冈头。”璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“必(bi)在(zai)双柏树下(xia)。”既至,果(guo)然。复(fu)云(yun):“此树应有(you)大鹊巢。”众索(suo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)得(de)(de)。璞(pu)(pu)(pu)更(geng)令寻觅,果(guo)于(yu)枝间得(de)(de)一大鹊巢,密叶(ye)蔽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。初(chu),璞(pu)(pu)(pu)中兴(xing)初(chu)行(xing)经(jing)越城,间遇一人(ren),呼其姓名,因以袴褶遗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其人(ren)辞不(bu)受,璞(pu)(pu)(pu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“但取,后自(zi)当知。”其人(ren)遂(sui)受而去。至是(shi),果(guo)此人(ren)行(xing)刑。时年四十九(jiu)。及王敦(dun)(dun)(dun)平,追(zhui)赠弘农(nong)太(tai)守。
初,庾(yu)(yu)(yu)翼幼时(shi)尝令(ling)璞(pu)筮公家及(ji)(ji)身(shen),卦成,曰:“建元(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)末丘(qiu)山(shan)倾(qing),长顺之(zhi)(zhi)初子(zi)凋零。”及(ji)(ji)康(kang)帝即位,将改元(yuan)为(wei)(wei)建元(yuan),或谓庾(yu)(yu)(yu)冰曰:“子(zi)忘(wang)郭生(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)言邪?丘(qiu)山(shan)上(shang)名,此号不宜用(yong)。”冰抚心(xin)叹(tan)恨。及(ji)(ji)帝崩,何充改元(yuan)为(wei)(wei)永(yong)和(he),庾(yu)(yu)(yu)翼叹(tan)曰:“天道精微,乃当(dang)如是。长顺者,永(yong)和(he)也(ye),吾庸得免乎!”其年翼卒。冰又令(ling)筮其后嗣,卦成,曰:“卿诸子(zi)并当(dang)贵盛,然有白(bai)龙者,凶征至(zhi)矣。若墓碑(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)金,庾(yu)(yu)(yu)氏之(zhi)(zhi)大忌也(ye)。”后冰子(zi)蕴(yun)(yun)为(wei)(wei)广州刺史,妾房内忽(hu)有一(yi)新生(sheng)(sheng)白(bai)狗(gou)子(zi),莫知所(suo)由(you)来,其妾秘(mi)爱之(zhi)(zhi),不令(ling)蕴(yun)(yun)知。狗(gou)转长大,蕴(yun)(yun)入,是狗(gou)眉眼分明,又身(shen)至(zhi)长而弱(ruo),异于常(chang)狗(gou),蕴(yun)(yun)甚怪(guai)之(zhi)(zhi)。将出(chu),共视在(zai)众人前,忽(hu)失(shi)所(suo)在(zai)。蕴(yun)(yun)慨然曰:“殆白(bai)龙乎!庾(yu)(yu)(yu)氏祸至(zhi)矣。”又墓碑(bei)生(sheng)(sheng)金。俄而为(wei)(wei)桓(huan)温所(suo)灭(mie),终如其言。璞(pu)之(zhi)(zhi)占验,皆如此类也(ye)。
璞撰前后筮验六十(shi)(shi)余事(shi),名为《洞林(lin)》。又(you)抄京(jing)、费诸家要最,更(geng)撰《新林(lin)》十(shi)(shi)篇、《卜韵(yun)》一篇。注释《尔雅》,别为《音义》、《图(tu)谱》。又(you)注《三(san)苍》、《方言》、《穆(mu)天子传》、《山海经》及《楚(chu)辞(ci)》、《子虚》、《上林(lin)赋》数(shu)十(shi)(shi)万言,皆(jie)传于世。所(suo)作诗赋诔(lei)颂亦数(shu)万言。子骜,官至临贺太守。
葛洪(hong)(hong),字(zi)稚川(chuan),丹(dan)阳句(ju)容人(ren)也。祖(zu)系,吴大(da)鸿胪。父悌,吴平后入晋,为(wei)邵陵太守。洪(hong)(hong)少好学(xue)(xue),家贫,躬(gong)自伐(fa)薪(xin)以(yi)(yi)贸纸(zhi)笔,夜辄写书诵习,遂(sui)以(yi)(yi)儒学(xue)(xue)知名(ming)。性寡欲(yu),无所(suo)爱玩,不知棋(qi)局几道(dao),摴蒱齿名(ming)。为(wei)人(ren)木讷(ne),不好荣(rong)利,闭门(men)却扫,未(wei)尝交(jiao)游。于(yu)余杭(hang)山见(jian)何幼道(dao)、郭(guo)文举,目击而(er)(er)已(yi),各无所(suo)言。时或寻书问义,不远数千里(li)崎岖冒涉(she),期于(yu)必得,遂(sui)究(jiu)览典籍,尤好神仙(xian)导养之法(fa)。从祖(zu)玄(xuan),吴时学(xue)(xue)道(dao)得仙(xian),号(hao)曰葛仙(xian)公,以(yi)(yi)其(qi)练丹(dan)秘术授(shou)弟子郑隐(yin)。洪(hong)(hong)就隐(yin)学(xue)(xue),悉得其(qi)法(fa)焉。后师事南海太守上党鲍(bao)玄(xuan)。玄(xuan)亦内学(xue)(xue),逆占(zhan)将来,见(jian)洪(hong)(hong)深重之,以(yi)(yi)女(nv)妻洪(hong)(hong)。洪(hong)(hong)传(chuan)玄(xuan)业,兼综练医术,凡所(suo)著撰,皆(jie)精核是非,而(er)(er)才(cai)章(zhang)富赡。
太安中,石(shi)冰作乱,吴(wu)兴太守顾秘为义军(jun)都(dou)督,与周等起兵讨(tao)之,秘檄洪为将(jiang)兵都(dou)尉,攻冰别率,破之,迁伏波(bo)将(jiang)军(jun)。冰平,洪不论功(gong)赏,径至洛阳,欲搜求异书以广其学。
洪(hong)见天下已(yi)乱,欲(yu)(yu)避地南土,乃(nai)参广州(zhou)刺史嵇(ji)含军(jun)事。及含遇害,遂停南土多(duo)年(nian),征镇檄命一无所就。后还(hai)乡里,礼辟皆不(bu)赴。元(yuan)帝(di)为丞相(xiang),辟为掾。以平贼功(gong),赐爵关内侯。咸和初,司(si)徒导召(zhao)补州(zhou)主簿,转司(si)徒掾,迁谘议参军(jun)。干宝(bao)深相(xiang)亲友,荐(jian)洪(hong)才堪国史,选为散骑常侍,领大(da)著作,洪(hong)固辞不(bu)就。以年(nian)老,欲(yu)(yu)练丹(dan)(dan)以祈遐寿,闻交阯出丹(dan)(dan),求为句漏令。帝(di)以洪(hong)资高,不(bu)许。洪(hong)曰:“非欲(yu)(yu)为荣,以有丹(dan)(dan)耳。”帝(di)从之。洪(hong)遂将子侄俱(ju)行。至广州(zhou),刺史邓岳留(liu)不(bu)听(ting)去,洪(hong)乃(nai)止罗浮山(shan)炼丹(dan)(dan)。岳表补东官(guan)太守,又辞不(bu)就。岳乃(nai)以洪(hong)兄子望为记(ji)室参军(jun)。在山(shan)积(ji)年(nian),优游(you)闲养,著述不(bu)辍(chuo)。其自序(xu)曰:
洪(hong)体乏进(jin)趣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才,偶好无为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业。假令奋翅(chi)则能(neng)(neng)陵厉玄霄,骋足则能(neng)(neng)追风蹑景,犹欲戢劲翮于(yu)(yu)于(yu)(yu)鹪鷃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)群,藏逸迹于(yu)(yu)跛(bo)驴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伍,岂况大(da)塊(kuai)禀我(wo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)寻(xun)常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)短羽(yu),造化(hua)假我(wo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)驽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蹇足?自卜者(zhe)审,不(bu)能(neng)(neng)者(zhe)止,又岂敢力(li)苍蝇(ying)而(er)慕冲天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)举,策跛(bo)鳖而(er)追飞兔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轨;饰嫫母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)笃(du)陋,求媒阳(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美谈;推沙砾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贱质,索千(qian)金于(yu)(yu)和肆(si)哉!夫僬侥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)步(bu)而(er)企及夸父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)踪,近才所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)踬碍也(ye);要(yao)离之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)羸而(er)强赴扛鼎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)势(shi),秦人所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)断筋也(ye)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)望绝(jue)于(yu)(yu)荣华之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)途,而(er)志安乎穷圮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)域;藜藿有八珍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甘,蓬荜有藻(zao)棁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐也(ye)。故(gu)权贵(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家,虽咫尺弗从也(ye);知道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,虽艰远(yuan)必造也(ye)。考(kao)览奇(qi)书,既不(bu)少矣(yi),率多隐语(yu),难可卒(zu)解,自非至(zhi)精不(bu)能(neng)(neng)寻(xun)究,自非笃(du)勤不(bu)能(neng)(neng)悉见(jian)也(ye)。
道士弘(hong)博(bo)洽(qia)闻者(zhe)寡(gua),而意断妄说(shuo)者(zhe)众。至(zhi)于时有(you)好事者(zhe),欲有(you)所(suo)修为,仓卒不(bu)(bu)知所(suo)从,而意之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)疑(yi)又无足(zu)谘(zi)。今为此书,粗举长生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)。其(qi)至(zhi)妙(miao)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)得宣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于翰墨,盖(gai)粗言较略(lve)以示一隅(yu),冀悱愤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒省之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可以思(si)过半矣(yi)。岂谓暗塞(sai)必(bi)能穷微暢远乎(hu),聊论(lun)其(qi)所(suo)先觉(jue)者(zhe)耳。世儒徒知服膺周孔,莫信神仙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)书,不(bu)(bu)但大(da)而笑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又将谤毁真正。故予所(suo)著(zhu)子言黄白之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,名曰《内篇(pian)》,其(qi)余驳难通释,名曰《外篇(pian)》,大(da)凡内外一百一十(shi)六篇(pian)。虽不(bu)(bu)足(zu)藏诸名山(shan),且欲缄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)金(jin)匮,以示识者(zhe)。
自号抱(bao)朴(po)子,因以名书。其(qi)余所(suo)著碑诔诗赋百卷(juan),移(yi)檄章表三(san)十卷(juan),神(shen)仙、良吏(li)、隐逸、集异(yi)等(deng)传各十卷(juan),又抄(chao)《五经》、《史》、《汉》、百家之言、方(fang)技杂事三(san)百一十卷(juan),《金匮药(yao)方(fang)》一百卷(juan),《肘(zhou)后要急(ji)方(fang)》四卷(juan)。
洪博闻深洽,江(jiang)左绝伦。著(zhu)述篇章富于班(ban)马,又精辩玄(xuan)赜(ze),析(xi)理入微。后(hou)忽与岳疏云(yun):“当远行寻师(shi),克期便发。”岳得疏,狼狈(bei)往别。而洪坐至(zhi)日(ri)中,兀然若睡而卒,岳至(zhi),遂不及见(jian)。时年八(ba)十一。视其颜色如(ru)生,体亦(yi)柔(rou)软,举(ju)尸(shi)入棺,甚轻,如(ru)空衣,世以为尸(shi)解得仙云(yun)。
史臣曰:景纯笃(du)志绨缃,洽闻强记,在异书(shu)而(er)(er)毕综,瞻往滞而(er)(er)咸释;情源秀逸,思业(ye)高奇;袭文(wen)雅(ya)于(yu)(yu)(yu)西朝,振辞锋于(yu)(yu)(yu)南夏,为中兴才(cai)学之宗(zong)矣。夫(fu)语怪征神,伎(ji)成(cheng)则(ze)贱,前(qian)修贻训,鄙乎兹道。景纯之探(tan)策定(ding)数,考往知来(lai),迈京管于(yu)(yu)(yu)前(qian)图,轶梓窀(zhun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)遐篆。而(er)(er)宦微于(yu)(yu)(yu)世,礼薄于(yu)(yu)(yu)时,区(qu)区(qu)然(ran)寄《客傲(ao)》以申怀,斯(si)亦伎(ji)成(cheng)之累也(ye)(ye)。若乃大塊流形,玄天赋(fu)命,吉凶修短(duan),定(ding)乎自然(ran)。虽稽象或通,而(er)(er)厌胜难恃(shi),禀(bing)之有在,必也(ye)(ye)无(wu)差,自可(ke)居常待终,颓心委(wei)运,何至(zhi)衔刀被发(fa),遑遑于(yu)(yu)(yu)秽向(xiang)之间哉!晚抗忠言,无(wu)救(jiu)王敦之逆;初(chu)惭(can)智免,竟(jing)毙(bi)“山(shan)宗(zong)”之谋。仲尼(ni)所谓攻乎异端,斯(si)害也(ye)(ye)已,悲(bei)夫(fu)!稚川束发(fa)从师(shi),老而(er)(er)忘倦。䌷奇册府,总百代之遗编;纪化(hua)仙都,穷九丹之秘术。谢浮(fu)荣而(er)(er)捐杂艺,贱尺宝而(er)(er)贵(gui)分阴,游德栖真,超然(ran)事外。全(quan)生之道,其最优乎!
赞曰:景纯通秀(xiu),夙振宏材(cai)。沈(shen)研鸟册,洞晓(xiao)龟(gui)枚。匪宁国衅(xin),坐致身灾。稚川(chuan)优洽,贫而乐道(dao)。载(zai)范斯文,永传洪藻。
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