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晋书 列传第六十六在线阅读

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晋书--列(lie)传第(di)六(liu)十六(liu)

列女


  ○羊耽妻(qi)辛氏(shi)(shi) 杜有(you)道妻(qi)严氏(shi)(shi)  王(wang)浑(hun)妻(qi)钟氏(shi)(shi) 郑袤妻(qi)曹(cao)氏(shi)(shi) 愍怀太(tai)子(zi)妃王(wang)氏(shi)(shi) 郑休(xiu)妻(qi)石氏(shi)(shi) 陶(tao)侃母(mu)(mu)(mu)湛(zhan)氏(shi)(shi) 贾浑(hun)妻(qi)宗氏(shi)(shi) 梁纬妻(qi)辛氏(shi)(shi) 许延妻(qi)杜氏(shi)(shi) 虞(yu)潭母(mu)(mu)(mu)孙(sun)氏(shi)(shi) 周顗母(mu)(mu)(mu)李(li)氏(shi)(shi) 张茂(mao)妻(qi)陆氏(shi)(shi)尹(yin)虞(yu)二女(nv)(nv) 荀崧小女(nv)(nv)灌  王(wang)凝之(zhi)妻(qi)谢氏(shi)(shi) 刘臻(zhen)妻(qi)陈氏(shi)(shi) 皮京妻(qi)龙氏(shi)(shi) 孟昶妻(qi)周氏(shi)(shi) 何无(wu)忌(ji)母(mu)(mu)(mu)刘氏(shi)(shi) 刘聪妻(qi)刘氏(shi)(shi) 王(wang)广女(nv)(nv) 陕妇人 靳康女(nv)(nv) 韦逞母(mu)(mu)(mu)宋(song)氏(shi)(shi) 张天(tian)锡(xi)妾阎氏(shi)(shi)薛氏(shi)(shi)苻(fu)坚妾张氏(shi)(shi) 窦(dou)滔妻(qi)苏氏(shi)(shi)  苻(fu)登妻(qi)毛(mao)氏(shi)(shi) 慕(mu)容垂妻(qi)段氏(shi)(shi) 段丰妻(qi)慕(mu)容氏(shi)(shi) 吕(lv)纂(zuan)妻(qi)杨氏(shi)(shi) 李(li)玄(xuan)盛后尹(yin)氏(shi)(shi)

夫(fu)三才分(fen)位(wei),室(shi)家之(zhi)道克隆;二族交叹,贞烈之(zhi)风斯(si)著。振高情而(er)独秀,鲁册于(yu)是(shi)飞华;挺峻(jun)节而(er)孤(gu)标,周篇于(yu)焉腾茂。徽烈兼劭(shao),柔顺(shun)无愆,隔代(dai)相望(wang),谅(liang)非一绪(xu)。然(ran)则虞兴妫(gui)汭,夏(xia)盛(sheng)涂山,有娀、有{新女}广隆殷之(zhi)业,大(da)任(ren)、大(da)姒衍昌姬之(zhi)化,马邓恭(gong)俭,汉(han)朝(chao)推德,宣(xuan)昭懿(yi)淑(shu),魏代(dai)扬芬,斯(si)皆礼极中(zhong)闱(wei),义(yi)殊(shu)月室(shi)者矣。至若恭(gong)姜誓节,孟母求(qiu)仁,华率傅而(er)经齐,樊授规而(er)霸(ba)楚,讥文伯于(yu)奉(feng)剑,让子(zi)发(fa)于(yu)分(fen)菽(shu),少君(jun)之(zhi)从约礼,孟光之(zhi)符隐志,既(ji)昭妇则,且擅母仪。子(zi)政缉之(zhi)于(yu)前,元凯编之(zhi)于(yu)后(hou),具宣(xuan)闺范,有裨阴训。故上从泰始,下(xia)迄恭(gong)安,一操可称,一艺可纪,咸皆撰(zhuan)录,为之(zhi)传云。或(huo)位(wei)极后(hou)妃,或(huo)事因夫(fu)子(zi),各(ge)随本传,今所不录。在诸(zhu)伪国,暂阻王猷,天下(xia)之(zhi)善(shan),足以惩(cheng)劝,亦同(tong)搜(sou)次,附于(yu)篇末。

羊(yang)耽妻辛氏,字宪英,陇西人,魏(wei)侍中毗(pi)(pi)之女也(ye)。聪朗(lang)有才鉴。初(chu),魏(wei)文(wen)帝得立为太子,抱毗(pi)(pi)项谓(wei)之曰(yue):“辛君知我喜不(bu)(bu)?”毗(pi)(pi)以(yi)告宪英,宪英叹曰(yue):“太子,代君主(zhu)宗庙(miao)社稷者也(ye)。代君不(bu)(bu)可以(yi)不(bu)(bu)戚(qi),主(zhu)国不(bu)(bu)可以(yi)不(bu)(bu)惧,宜戚(qi)而(er)喜,何以(yi)能(neng)久(jiu)!魏(wei)其不(bu)(bu)昌乎?”

弟敞(chang)(chang)为(wei)大将军(jun)曹爽(shuang)参军(jun),宣帝将诛(zhu)爽(shuang),因其从(cong)魏(wei)帝出(chu)而闭城门,爽(shuang)司马(ma)鲁芝率府兵斩关赴爽(shuang),呼敞(chang)(chang)同去(qu)。敞(chang)(chang)惧,问宪英(ying)曰(yue):“天子(zi)在(zai)外,太(tai)(tai)傅闭城门,人(ren)(ren)(ren)云将不利国(guo)家,于(yu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)得(de)(de)尔乎?”宪英(ying)曰(yue):“事(shi)(shi)(shi)有不可(ke)知,然以吾度之(zhi)(zhi),太(tai)(tai)傅殆不得(de)(de)不尔。明皇帝临崩(beng),把太(tai)(tai)傅臂,属(shu)以后事(shi)(shi)(shi),此(ci)言犹(you)在(zai)朝士之(zhi)(zhi)耳。且曹爽(shuang)与太(tai)(tai)傅俱受寄(ji)托之(zhi)(zhi)任,而独专(zhuan)权势,于(yu)王(wang)室不忠,于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)道不直,此(ci)举不过以诛(zhu)爽(shuang)耳。”敞(chang)(chang)曰(yue):“然则敞(chang)(chang)无出(chu)乎?”宪英(ying)曰(yue):“安可(ke)以不出(chu)!职守(shou),人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)大义也。凡人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)难,犹(you)或(huo)恤之(zhi)(zhi);为(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)执鞭而弃其事(shi)(shi)(shi),不祥也。且为(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)任,为(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)死(si),亲(qin)昵(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)职也,汝从(cong)众而已。”敞(chang)(chang)遂出(chu)。宣帝果诛(zhu)爽(shuang)。事(shi)(shi)(shi)定后,敞(chang)(chang)叹曰(yue):“吾不谋于(yu)姊,几不获于(yu)义!”

其(qi)后钟会(hui)(hui)(hui)为镇西将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),宪(xian)英(ying)谓(wei)耽从子(zi)(zi)祜曰(yue):“钟士(shi)季何(he)故西出(chu)?”祐曰(yue):“将(jiang)为灭(mie)蜀也。”宪(xian)英(ying)曰(yue):“会(hui)(hui)(hui)在(zai)事纵(zong)恣,非持久处下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao),吾(wu)畏其(qi)有他志也。”及(ji)会(hui)(hui)(hui)将(jiang)行,请其(qi)子(zi)(zi)琇(xiu)(xiu)为参军(jun)(jun),宪(xian)英(ying)忧(you)曰(yue):“他日吾(wu)为国忧(you),今日难至吾(wu)家(jia)矣(yi)。”琇(xiu)(xiu)固请于文帝,帝不听。宪(xian)英(ying)谓(wei)琇(xiu)(xiu)曰(yue):“行矣(yi),戒(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)!古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君子(zi)(zi)入则致孝(xiao)于亲,出(chu)则致节(jie)于国;在(zai)职(zhi)思(si)其(qi)所司(si),在(zai)义思(si)其(qi)所立,不遗父母忧(you)患(huan)而已。军(jun)(jun)旅(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间可以济者,其(qi)惟(wei)仁恕乎!”会(hui)(hui)(hui)至蜀果反,琇(xiu)(xiu)竟以全归。祜尝送锦被,宪(xian)英(ying)嫌(xian)其(qi)华,反而覆(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其(qi)明鉴俭约如此。泰始五(wu)年(nian)卒(zu),年(nian)七十九。

杜有道妻严氏(shi),字宪(xian),京兆人(ren)也(ye)。贞淑(shu)有识量。年(nian)十三,适于杜氏(shi),十八而嫠(li)居。子植(zhi)、女韡并孤(gu)藐,宪(xian)虽少,誓不改节,抚育(yu)二子,教以礼度,植(zhi)遂显名于时(shi),韡亦有淑(shu)德,传玄(xuan)(xuan)求(qiu)为(wei)继室(shi),宪(xian)便许之。时(shi)玄(xuan)(xuan)与(yu)何晏、邓扬不穆,晏等每欲害之,时(shi)人(ren)莫肯共婚。及宪(xian)许玄(xuan)(xuan),内外以为(wei)忧惧。或曰:“何、邓执权,必为(wei)玄(xuan)(xuan)害,亦由排山(shan)压卵,以汤沃雪(xue)耳(er),奈(nai)何与(yu)之为(wei)亲?”宪(xian)曰:“尔知(zhi)其一(yi),不知(zhi)其他(ta)。晏等骄移,必当(dang)自败,司马太傅兽睡耳(er),吾恐卵破(po)雪(xue)销,行自有在。”遂与(yu)玄(xuan)(xuan)为(wei)婚。晏等寻亦为(wei)宣帝(di)所诛(zhu)。植(zhi)后为(wei)南安太守(shou)。

植从兄预(yu)为(wei)秦州(zhou)刺史(shi),被诬,征(zheng)还,宪与预(yu)书戒之(zhi)曰(yue):“谚云忍辱至(zhi)三公。卿(qing)今可谓辱矣,能(neng)忍之(zhi),公是卿(qing)坐。”预(yu)后果为(wei)仪同三司(si)。玄前妻子咸年六岁,尝随其(qi)继母省宪,谓咸曰(yue):“汝千里驹也,必当远(yuan)至(zhi)。”以其(qi)妹之(zhi)女妻之(zhi)。咸后亦有(you)名于海内(nei)。其(qi)知人之(zhi)鉴(jian)如此。年六十六卒。

王浑妻钟氏,字琰(yan)(yan),颍(ying)川人(ren),魏(wei)太傅繇(zhou)曾孙也(ye)。父徽,黄门郎。琰(yan)(yan)数(shu)岁能(neng)属文,及长,聪慧弘雅,博览记籍。美容止(zhi),善啸(xiao)咏,礼仪法(fa)度为(wei)中表(biao)所(suo)则。既适浑,生济(ji)。浑尝(chang)共琰(yan)(yan)坐(zuo),济(ji)趋(qu)庭而过(guo),浑欣然曰(yue):“生子(zi)如(ru)(ru)此,足慰人(ren)心(xin)。”琰(yan)(yan)笑曰(yue):“若使新妇得(de)配参(can)军,生子(zi)故(gu)不翅(chi)如(ru)(ru)此。”参(can)军,谓浑中弟沦也(ye)。琰(yan)(yan)女(nv)亦(yi)有才淑,为(wei)求(qiu)贤(xian)夫。时有兵(bing)家(jia)子(zi)甚俊,济(ji)欲妻之,白琰(yan)(yan),琰(yan)(yan)曰(yue):“要令(ling)我见之。”济(ji)令(ling)此兵(bing)与(yu)群小杂处,琰(yan)(yan)自帏(wei)中察之,既而谓济(ji)曰(yue):“绯衣(yi)者非汝(ru)所(suo)拔(ba)乎?”济(ji)曰(yue):“是。”琰(yan)(yan)曰(yue):“此人(ren)才足拔(ba)萃(cui),然地寒寿促,不足展其器(qi)用,不可与(yu)婚。”遂止(zhi)。其人(ren)数(shu)年果亡。琰(yan)(yan)明(ming)鉴远识,皆(jie)此类也(ye)。

浑弟湛妻(qi)郝(hao)氏亦有德(de)行,琰(yan)虽贵门,与郝(hao)雅相亲重,郝(hao)不以贱下琰(yan),琰(yan)不以贵陵郝(hao),时人(ren)称钟夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)礼,郝(hao)夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)法云。

郑袤妻曹(cao)氏(shi)(shi)。鲁国薛人也(ye)。袤先娶孙氏(shi)(shi),早亡,娉之为继室。事舅姑甚孝,躬纺织之勤,以充奉养,至于叔妹群娣之间,尽其(qi)礼节,咸得欢心(xin)。及(ji)袤为司空,其(qi)子默(mo)等又(you)显朝(chao)列,时人称(cheng)其(qi)荣贵。曹(cao)氏(shi)(shi)深惧盛满,每(mei)默(mo)等升进,辄(zhe)忧之形于声色。然食无重(zhong)味,服浣(huan)濯(zhuo)之衣,袤等所获禄秩,曹(cao)氏(shi)(shi)必班散亲姻(yin),务令周给,家无余赀。

初(chu),孙(sun)氏(shi)瘗于黎阳,及(ji)袤薨,议者以(yi)(yi)久丧难举(ju),欲不合(he)葬(zang)。曹氏(shi)曰:“孙(sun)氏(shi)元妃,理(li)当从(cong)葬(zang),不可使孤(gu)魂无所依邪。”于是备(bei)吉凶导从(cong)之(zhi)仪以(yi)(yi)迎之(zhi),具衣衾几筵(yan),亲执(zhi)雁行之(zhi)礼,闻者莫不叹(tan)息,以(yi)(yi)为赵姬之(zhi)下(xia)叔隗,不足称也。太康元年卒,年八十三。

愍怀太子(zi)妃(fei)王氏(shi),太尉衍(yan)女也,字(zi)惠(hui)风。贞婉(wan)有(you)志节。太子(zi)既废居于金(jin)墉(yong),衍(yan)请绝婚,惠(hui)风号哭而归,行路为(wei)之(zhi)流涕。及(ji)刘曜陷(xian)洛(luo)阳,以惠(hui)风赐(ci)其将乔属,属将妻(qi)之(zhi)。惠(hui)风拔剑距属曰(yue):“吾太尉公女,皇太子(zi)妃(fei),义不为(wei)逆胡所辱。”属遂(sui)害之(zhi)。

郑休(xiu)妻石(shi)氏,不(bu)知(zhi)何许(xu)人也。少(shao)有(you)德操,年十余岁,乡邑称之(zhi)。既(ji)归郑氏,为九(jiu)族所(suo)重(zhong)。休(xiu)前(qian)妻女(nv)既(ji)幼,又(you)休(xiu)父布临终,有(you)庶子沈生,命弃之(zhi),石(shi)氏曰:“奈(nai)何使舅(jiu)之(zhi)胤不(bu)存乎!”遂养沈及前(qian)妻女(nv)。力不(bu)兼举,九(jiu)年之(zhi)中,三不(bu)举子。

陶侃(kan)母湛氏(shi)(shi),豫章新淦人(ren)(ren)也。初,侃(kan)父丹娉为妾(qie),生侃(kan),而陶氏(shi)(shi)贫贱,湛氏(shi)(shi)每纺绩资(zi)给之(zhi),使交结胜己。侃(kan)少为寻阳县吏,尝监鱼梁,以一坩(gan)鲊遗母。湛氏(shi)(shi)封鲊及(ji)书,责(ze)侃(kan)曰:“尔为吏,以官物遗我,非惟(wei)不能益吾(wu),乃(nai)以增吾(wu)忧(you)矣。”鄱阳孝廉范逵(kui)寓(yu)宿于侃(kan),时(shi)大雪,湛氏(shi)(shi)乃(nai)彻所卧亲荐,自(zi)锉给其马,又密(mi)截发卖(mai)与邻人(ren)(ren),供肴馔。逵(kui)闻之(zhi),叹息曰:“非此母不生此子!”侃(kan)竟(jing)以功名显。

贾(jia)浑(hun)妻宗(zong)氏(shi),不(bu)知何许(xu)人(ren)也。浑(hun)为介休令,被刘元(yuan)海将乔晞攻破(po),死之。宗(zong)氏(shi)有姿色(se),晞欲纳之。宗(zong)氏(shi)骂曰:“屠(tu)各奴(nu)!岂有害人(ren)之夫而欲加无礼,于尔安乎?何不(bu)促(cu)杀我!”因仰(yang)天大哭。晞遂害之,时年二十余。

梁(liang)纬妻(qi)辛(xin)(xin)氏(shi),陇西狄道(dao)人也。纬为散骑常侍,西都陷没,为刘曜所(suo)害(hai)。辛(xin)(xin)氏(shi)有殊色,曜将(jiang)妻(qi)之(zhi)。辛(xin)(xin)氏(shi)据(ju)地大哭,仰谓曜曰:“妾(qie)闻男以义(yi)烈,女不(bu)再醮。妾(qie)夫已死(si),理无(wu)独全(quan)。且妇(fu)人再辱,明公亦安用(yong)哉!乞即(ji)就死(si)。下事舅姑。逐号哭不(bu)止(zhi)。曜曰:“贞妇(fu)也,任之(zhi)。”自(zi)缢而死(si)曜以礼葬(zang)之(zhi)。

许延妻杜(du)氏(shi),不知(zhi)何许人也(ye)。延为(wei)益州别(bie)驾,为(wei)李骧所(suo)害(hai)。骧欲纳杜(du)氏(shi)为(wei)妻,杜(du)氏(shi)号(hao)哭守夫尸,骂骧曰:“汝辈逆(ni)贼无道,死有先(xian)后,宁当久活(huo)!我杜(du)家女,岂为(wei)贼妻也(ye)!”骧怒,遂害(hai)之。

虞潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)母孙氏,吴郡富(fu)春(chun)人(ren)(ren),孙权族孙女也(ye)。初适潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)父忠(zhong),恭顺贞和,甚有妇德(de)。及(ji)忠(zhong)亡,遗(yi)孤(gu)藐尔,孙氏虽少(shao),誓不(bu)(bu)改节,躬自(zi)抚养,劬劳(lao)备至。性聪敏,识鉴过(guo)人(ren)(ren)。潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)始自(zi)幼童,便训(xun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)忠(zhong)义(yi),故得声(sheng)望允(yun)洽(qia),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)朝廷所(suo)称。永(yong)嘉末,潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)南康(kang)太守,值(zhi)杜弢(tao)构(gou)逆,率(lv)众(zhong)讨之(zhi)(zhi)。孙氏勉潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)必死之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),俱(ju)倾其(qi)(qi)(qi)资产以(yi)(yi)(yi)馈战士,潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)遂(sui)克捷(jie)。及(ji)苏峻(jun)作乱,潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)时守吴兴,又(you)(you)假节征(zheng)峻(jun)。孙氏戒之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“吾闻(wen)忠(zhong)臣出孝子之(zhi)(zhi)门,汝当舍生(sheng)取义(yi),勿以(yi)(yi)(yi)吾老为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)累也(ye)。”仍尽发其(qi)(qi)(qi)家(jia)僮(tong),令随潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)助战,贸(mao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)服环(huan)珮以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军(jun)资。于(yu)时会稽内史王舒遣子允(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)督护(hu),孙氏又(you)(you)谓(wei)潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)曰:“王府君遣兒征(zheng),汝何为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)独不(bu)(bu)?”潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)即以(yi)(yi)(yi)子楚为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)督护(hu),与(yu)舒允(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)合势。其(qi)(qi)(qi)忧(you)国之(zhi)(zhi)诚如(ru)此。拜武昌侯太夫(fu)人(ren)(ren),加金章紫绶。潭(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)立(li)养堂于(yu)家(jia),王导(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)皆就拜谒。咸和末卒,所(suo)九十五。成帝遣使(shi)吊祭,谥曰定夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)。

周顗母李(li)氏(shi),字(zi)络(luo)(luo)秀,汝南(nan)人(ren)也(ye)。少时(shi)在(zai)室,顗父(fu)浚(jun)(jun)(jun)为安东将军,时(shi)尝出猎,遇雨(yu),过(guo)止络(luo)(luo)秀之(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)。会其(qi)家(jia)父(fu)兄(xiong)不(bu)(bu)在(zai),络(luo)(luo)秀闻浚(jun)(jun)(jun)至(zhi),与(yu)(yu)一(yi)婢(bi)于内(nei)宰猪羊,具数十人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)馔,甚精办而不(bu)(bu)闻人(ren)声。浚(jun)(jun)(jun)怪使觇之(zhi)(zhi),独见一(yi)女(nv)子甚美,浚(jun)(jun)(jun)因求(qiu)为妾。其(qi)父(fu)兄(xiong)不(bu)(bu)许(xu),络(luo)(luo)秀曰:“门户殄瘁,何惜一(yi)女(nv)!若连姻贵族,将来庶有大益矣。”父(fu)兄(xiong)许(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)。遂生顗及嵩、谟。而顗等既长,络(luo)(luo)秀谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)曰:“我屈节(jie)为汝家(jia)作(zuo)妾,门户计耳。汝不(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)我家(jia)为亲亲者(zhe),吾亦何惜余年!”顗等从(cong)命,由(you)此李(li)氏(shi)遂得为方雅之(zhi)(zhi)族。

中(zhong)兴时,顗等(deng)并(bing)列(lie)(lie)显位。尝(chang)冬至置酒,络秀举(ju)觞(shang)赐(ci)三子曰(yue):“吾本(ben)渡江,托足无(wu)所,不(bu)谓尔(er)等(deng)并(bing)贵,列(lie)(lie)吾目(mu)前(qian),吾复何忧!”高(gao)起(qi)曰(yue):“恐(kong)不(bu)如尊旨。伯仁志大而才短(duan),名重而识暗,好乘人之弊,此非自全之道。嵩性抗(kang)直,亦不(bu)容于世(shi)。唯阿奴(nu)碌(liu)碌(liu),当在阿母(mu)目(mu)下(xia)耳。”阿奴(nu),谟小(xiao)字(zi)也。后果如其言。

张茂(mao)(mao)(mao)妻陆氏(shi),吴(wu)郡(jun)人也。茂(mao)(mao)(mao)为(wei)吴(wu)郡(jun)太守,被沈(shen)充所害,陆氏(shi)倾(qing)家产,率茂(mao)(mao)(mao)部曲(qu)为(wei)先登以讨充。充败,陆诣阙上书(shu),为(wei)茂(mao)(mao)(mao)谢(xie)不克之责。诏(zhao)曰:“茂(mao)(mao)(mao)夫妻忠诚,举门义烈(lie),宜(yi)追赠茂(mao)(mao)(mao)太仆。”

尹虞二女,长沙人也。虞前(qian)任始(shi)兴太守,起兵(bing)讨杜弢,战(zhan)败,二女为弢所获,并(bing)有国色,弢将妻之。女曰:“我(wo)父二千石,终不能为贼妇,有死(si)而(er)已!”弢并(bing)害(hai)之。

荀崧(song)(song)小女灌,幼有奇节。崧(song)(song)为(wei)襄城太(tai)守,为(wei)杜曾所围,力弱(ruo)食(shi)尽,欲求(qiu)救于(yu)故吏平南将军(jun)石览,计无(wu)从出。灌时年十三,乃(nai)率勇士(shi)数千(qian)人(ren),逾城突围夜出。贼追甚(shen)急,灌督厉将士(shi),且(qie)战且(qie)前,得入鲁阳山获免(mian)。自诣览乞师,又为(wei)崧(song)(song)书与南中郎(lang)将周访(fang)请援,仍结为(wei)兄(xiong)弟,访(fang)即遣(qian)子抚(fu)率三千(qian)人(ren)会石览俱(ju)救崧(song)(song)。贼闻兵至,散(san)走,灌之力也。

五凝之妻谢氏(shi),字(zi)道韫(yun),安西将(jiang)军奕(yi)之女也。聪识有才辩。叔父(fu)安尝问(wen):“《毛诗》何句最佳?”道韫(yun)称:“吉甫作颂,穆如清风。仲山(shan)甫永怀,以(yi)慰(wei)其心。”安谓有雅人(ren)深致。又(you)尝内集(ji),俄而雪骤下,安曰(yue)(yue):“何所似也?”安兄子朗曰(yue)(yue):“散(san)盐(yan)空中差可拟。”道韫(yun)曰(yue)(yue):“未若柳(liu)絮因(yin)风起(qi)。”安大悦。

初适(shi)凝(ning)之,还,甚不(bu)乐(le)。安(an)曰:“王郎,逸少子,不(bu)恶,汝何恨也?”答曰:“一门叔(shu)父则有阿大、中(zhong)郎,群从兄弟复有封、胡、羯、末(mo),不(bu)意天(tian)(tian)壤之中(zhong)乃有王郎!”封谓(wei)谢(xie)韶,胡谓(wei)谢(xie)朗,羯谓(wei)谢(xie)玄,末(mo)谓(wei)谢(xie)川,皆其小字也。又尝(chang)讥玄学植不(bu)进,曰:“为(wei)尘务经心,为(wei)天(tian)(tian)分有限邪?”凝(ning)之弟献之尝(chang)与宾客谈议(yi),词(ci)理将屈(qu),道韫遣婢白(bai)献之曰:“欲(yu)为(wei)小郎解(jie)围(wei)。”乃施青绫步(bu)鄣(zhang)自蔽,申(shen)献之前议(yi),客不(bu)能屈(qu)。

及遭孙恩(en)之(zhi)难(nan),举厝自(zi)若(ruo),既(ji)闻夫及诸子已为贼(zei)所(suo)(suo)害(hai),方命婢肩舆抽刃出门。乱兵稍至,手杀数人,乃被虏。其(qi)外孙刘(liu)涛时年(nian)数岁,贼(zei)又欲(yu)害(hai)之(zhi),道韫(yun)(yun)曰(yue):“事在王门,何关(guan)他族!必其(qi)如此(ci),宁先(xian)见(jian)杀。”恩(en)虽毒虐,为之(zhi)改容,乃不害(hai)涛。自(zi)尔(er)嫠居(ju)会稽(ji),家中莫不严肃。太(tai)守刘(liu)柳(liu)(liu)闻其(qi)名,请与谈(tan)议。道韫(yun)(yun)素知(zhi)柳(liu)(liu)名,亦不自(zi)阻,乃簪髻素褥坐(zuo)于(yu)帐中,柳(liu)(liu)束(shu)脩整(zheng)带(dai)造于(yu)别榻。道韫(yun)(yun)风(feng)韵高迈(mai),叙致清(qing)雅,先(xian)及家事,慷慨(kai)流涟,徐酬问(wen)(wen)旨,词理无(wu)滞。柳(liu)(liu)退(tui)而叹曰(yue):“实(shi)顷所(suo)(suo)未见(jian),瞻(zhan)察言气,使(shi)人心形(xing)俱服。”道韫(yun)(yun)亦云:“亲从凋亡(wang),始遇此(ci)士,听其(qi)所(suo)(suo)问(wen)(wen),殊开人胸府。”

初,同郡(jun)张玄妹亦(yi)有(you)才质,适(shi)于(yu)顾氏,玄每称(cheng)之,以敌道(dao)韫(yun)。有(you)济尼者,游(you)于(yu)二家(jia),或问之,济尼答(da)曰:“王(wang)夫人神情散朗,故有(you)林下风气(qi)。顾家(jia)妇清(qing)心玉映,自是闺房之秀(xiu)。”道(dao)韫(yun)所著诗(shi)赋诔颂并(bing)传(chuan)于(yu)世。

刘(liu)臻(zhen)妻陈氏者,亦聪辩能属文。尝正旦献(xian)《椒花颂》,其词曰:“旋(xuan)穹周回,三朝肇(zhao)建。青(qing)阳散辉(hui),澄(cheng)景载(zai)焕(huan)。标美灵葩,爰采爰献(xian)。圣容映之,永寿于万。”又撰元(yuan)日及冬至进见之仪,行于世。

皮京妻(qi)龙氏,字怜(lian),西道县人也。年(nian)(nian)(nian)十三适京,未逾年(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)京卒,京二弟亦相(xiang)次而(er)陨(yun),既无胤嗣,又无期功之亲。怜(lian)货其嫁(jia)时资装,躬自(zi)纺织,数年(nian)(nian)(nian)间三丧俱举,葬(zang)敛既毕,每时享祭无阙。州里闻其贤,屡有娉(ping)者,怜(lian)誓不改醮,守节穷(qiong)居五十余(yu)载而(er)卒。

孟昶(chang)妻(qi)(qi)周(zhou)氏(shi),昶(chang)弟顗妻(qi)(qi)又其(qi)从妹也。二家并丰(feng)财(cai)产。初,桓玄雅重昶(chang)而(er)(er)刘(liu)迈毁之,昶(chang)知(zhi),深自惋失。及刘(liu)裕(yu)将(jiang)建(jian)(jian)义(yi),与昶(chang)定谋,昶(chang)欲(yu)尽散(san)财(cai)物(wu)以(yi)供军粮,其(qi)妻(qi)(qi)非常妇(fu)人(ren),可(ke)(ke)(ke)语以(yi)大(da)事,乃谓(wei)之曰:“刘(liu)迈毁我于桓公,便是一生沦(lun)陷,决当(dang)作贼(zei)。卿(qing)幸可(ke)(ke)(ke)早尔离绝,脱得富贵,相(xiang)迎不晚也。”周(zhou)氏(shi)曰:“君父母(mu)在堂,欲(yu)建(jian)(jian)非常之谋,岂妇(fu)人(ren)所(suo)谏!事之不成,当(dang)于奚官中奉养(yang)大(da)家,义(yi)无归(gui)志也。”昶(chang)怆然久之而(er)(er)起。周(zhou)氏(shi)追(zhui)昶(chang)坐,云:“观君举厝,非谋及妇(fu)人(ren)者,不过(guo)欲(yu)得财(cai)物(wu)耳。”时其(qi)所(suo)生女(nv)在抱,推而(er)(er)示之曰:“此而(er)(er)可(ke)(ke)(ke)卖(mai),亦当(dang)不惜,况资财(cai)乎!”遂倾资产以(yi)给之,而(er)(er)托(tuo)以(yi)他用。及事之将(jiang)举,周(zhou)氏(shi)谓(wei)顗妻(qi)(qi)云:“一昨(zuo)梦殊不好,门(men)内(nei)宜浣濯沐(mu)浴以(yi)除之,且不宜赤色(se),我当(dang)悉(xi)取作七日藏厌。”顗妻(qi)(qi)信之,所(suo)有(you)绛色(se)者悉(xi)敛以(yi)付焉。乃置帐(zhang)中,潜自剔绵,以(yi)绛与昶(chang),遂得数十人(ren)被(bei)服赫然,悉(xi)周(zhou)氏(shi)所(suo)出(chu),而(er)(er)家人(ren)不之知(zhi)也。

何(he)无忌(ji)母刘氏(shi),征虏将(jiang)军建之(zhi)女(nv)也。少有(you)志(zhi)节。弟牢之(zhi)为桓(huan)玄所害,刘氏(shi)每衔(xian)之(zhi),常思报(bao)复。及无忌(ji)与刘裕(yu)(yu)定(ding)谋,而刘氏(shi)察其举厝有(you)异,喜而不言(yan)。会无忌(ji)夜于(yu)屏(ping)风(feng)裹制檄文,刘氏(shi)潜以器覆(fu)烛,徐登橙于(yu)屏(ping)风(feng)上窥之(zhi),既知,泣而抚(fu)之(zhi)曰:“我不如东海吕母明矣!既孤其诚,常恐寿促,汝(ru)能如此,吾仇(chou)耻雪矣。”因(yin)问其同谋,知事在裕(yu)(yu),弥喜,乃说桓(huan)玄必败、义(yi)师(shi)必成之(zhi)理以劝勉之(zhi)。后果(guo)如其言(yan)。

刘聪(cong)(cong)(cong)妻刘氏,名娥,字(zi)丽华,伪(wei)太(tai)保殷女也(ye)。幼而(er)聪(cong)(cong)(cong)慧,昼营女工,夜(ye)诵书籍,傅母恆止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),娥敦(dun)习弥厉。每与诸兄(xiong)论经义,理趣超远,诸兄(xiong)深以(yi)(yi)叹伏。性(xing)孝友(you),善(shan)风仪进止。聪(cong)(cong)(cong)既僭位,召为(wei)(wei)右贵(gui)嫔,甚宠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。俄拜为(wei)(wei)后(hou),将起皇(huang)(huang)仪殿以(yi)(yi)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),其廷尉陈元(yuan)达(da)切谏(jian)(jian),聪(cong)(cong)(cong)大(da)怒,将斩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。娥时在后(hou)堂(tang),私敕左(zuo)右停刑(xing),手(shou)疏启曰:“伏闻(wen)将为(wei)(wei)妾营殿,今(jin)(jin)昭(zhao)德足居(ju),皇(huang)(huang)仪非(fei)急。四(si)海未一(yi),祸(huo)难犹繁,动须(xu)人(ren)(ren)力(li)资财,尤(you)宜(yi)慎(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。廷尉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),国(guo)家大(da)政。夫忠(zhong)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谏(jian)(jian),岂为(wei)(wei)身哉(zai)?帝王距之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦非(fei)顾身也(ye)。妾仰(yang)(yang)谓陛下(xia)(xia)上寻明君纳谏(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昌,下(xia)(xia)忿(fen)暗主距谏(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸(huo),宜(yi)赏廷尉以(yi)(yi)美(mei)爵,酬(chou)廷尉以(yi)(yi)列(lie)土,如何不(bu)惟不(bu)纳,而(er)反欲诛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)?陛下(xia)(xia)此(ci)怒由(you)(you)(you)(you)妾而(er)起,廷尉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸(huo)由(you)(you)(you)(you)妾而(er)招(zhao),人(ren)(ren)怨国(guo)疲,咎归于妾,距谏(jian)(jian)害忠(zhong),亦妾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由(you)(you)(you)(you)。自古败国(guo)丧家,未始(shi)不(bu)由(you)(you)(you)(you)妇人(ren)(ren)者也(ye)。妾每览(lan)(lan)古事,忿(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忘食,何意今(jin)(jin)日妾自为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)!后(hou)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)观妾,亦犹妾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)视前人(ren)(ren)也(ye),复何面目仰(yang)(yang)侍巾栉,请归死此(ci)堂(tang),以(yi)(yi)塞陛下(xia)(xia)误惑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过。”聪(cong)(cong)(cong)览(lan)(lan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色变,谓其群下(xia)(xia)曰:“朕比得(de)风疾,喜怒过常。元(yuan)达(da),忠(zhong)臣(chen)也(ye),朕甚愧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”以(yi)(yi)娥表示元(yuan)达(da)曰:“外辅如公,内辅如此(ci)后(hou),朕无(wu)忧矣。”及(ji)娥死,伪(wei)谥武宣皇(huang)(huang)后(hou)。

其姊英(ying),字丽芳,亦聪敏涉学,而文词机辩(bian),晓达政事,过于娥(e)。初(chu)与(yu)娥(e)同召拜左(zuo)贵(gui)嫔,寻(xun)卒,伪追谥(shi)武德(de)皇(huang)后。

王(wang)(wang)广(guang)女者(zhe),不(bu)(bu)知何许人也。容质甚美,慷慨有丈夫之(zhi)节(jie)。广(guang)仕刘聪,为西(xi)扬州刺史。蛮帅梅芳攻陷(xian)扬州,而(er)广(guang)被杀。王(wang)(wang)时年十五,芳纳之(zhi)。俄于暗室击芳,不(bu)(bu)中,芳惊起曰:“何故反邪?”王(wang)(wang)骂(ma)曰:“蛮畜!我欲(yu)诛(zhu)反贼,何谓反乎?吾(wu)闻父仇(chou)不(bu)(bu)同天,母(mu)仇(chou)不(bu)(bu)同地(di),汝(ru)反逆(ni)无状(zhuang),害人父母(mu),而(er)复以(yi)无礼陵人,吾(wu)所以(yi)不(bu)(bu)死者(zhe),欲(yu)诛(zhu)汝(ru)耳(er)!今(jin)死自吾(wu)分,不(bu)(bu)待汝(ru)杀,但恨不(bu)(bu)得枭(xiao)汝(ru)首于通逵(kui),以(yi)塞大(da)耻。”辞气猛厉,言(yan)终乃自杀,芳止之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)可。

陕妇(fu)人,不知姓字(zi),年十九(jiu)。刘(liu)曜(yao)时嫠居陕县,事(shi)叔(shu)姑甚谨,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)家(jia)欲嫁(jia)之,此妇(fu)毁面自誓。后叔(shu)姑病死,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叔(shu)姑有女(nv)在(zai)夫家(jia),先从此妇(fu)乞假不得(de),因而(er)诬杀其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)母,有司(si)不能察而(er)诛之。时有群鸟悲鸣尸上(shang),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)声甚哀,盛夏暴尸十日,不腐,亦不为(wei)虫兽(shou)所败,其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)境乃(nai)经岁(sui)不雨(yu)。曜(yao)遣呼延谟为(wei)太守,既知其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冤,乃(nai)斩此女(nv),设少牢以祭其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)墓(mu),谥曰孝(xiao)烈贞妇(fu),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)日大雨(yu)。

靳(jin)康女者,不(bu)知何(he)许人也。美(mei)姿容,有志(zhi)操。刘曜(yao)(yao)之诛靳(jin)氏,将纳靳(jin)女为(wei)妾,靳(jin)曰:“陛下既灭其父母兄弟,复何(he)用妾为(wei)!妾闻逆人之诛也,尚污宫伐树,而况其子(zi)女乎!”因号泣请死(si),曜(yao)(yao)哀之,免(mian)康一子(zi)。

韦(wei)逞(cheng)(cheng)母(mu)(mu)宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi),不知何郡人(ren)也,家世(shi)以(yi)儒学(xue)(xue)(xue)称(cheng)。宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)幼(you)丧母(mu)(mu),其(qi)(qi)父躬(gong)自养之。及长,授以(yi)《周(zhou)(zhou)官》音义,谓之曰:“吾家世(shi)学(xue)(xue)(xue)《周(zhou)(zhou)官》,传(chuan)业相继(ji),此(ci)又周(zhou)(zhou)以(yi)所制,经纪典诰,百(bai)官品物,备于此(ci)矣。吾今无(wu)(wu)(wu)男可传(chuan),汝可受之,勿(wu)令(ling)经世(shi)。”属(shu)天下(xia)丧乱,宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)讽诵不辍。其(qi)(qi)后为石季龙徙之于山东,宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)与夫(fu)在(zai)徙中,推鹿(lu)车,背负父所授书(shu),到冀州(zhou),依胶东富人(ren)程安寿(shou),寿(shou)养护之。逞(cheng)(cheng)时(shi)年小,宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)昼(zhou)则(ze)樵采,夜则(ze)教逞(cheng)(cheng),然纺绩无(wu)(wu)(wu)废。寿(shou)每叹曰:“学(xue)(xue)(xue)家多士大夫(fu),得无(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)乎!”逞(cheng)(cheng)遂学(xue)(xue)(xue)成名立(li),仕苻坚(jian)为太常(chang)(chang)。坚(jian)尝幸其(qi)(qi)太学(xue)(xue)(xue),问博士经典,乃(nai)悯礼乐遣阙。时(shi)博士卢壸对曰:“废学(xue)(xue)(xue)既(ji)久,书(shu)传(chuan)零(ling)落,此(ci)年缀撰,正经粗集,唯周(zhou)(zhou)官礼注(zhu)未(wei)有其(qi)(qi)师。窥见太常(chang)(chang)韦(wei)逞(cheng)(cheng)母(mu)(mu)宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)世(shi)学(xue)(xue)(xue)家女,传(chuan)其(qi)(qi)父业,得周(zhou)(zhou)官音义,今年八(ba)十(shi),视(shi)听(ting)无(wu)(wu)(wu)阙,自非(fei)此(ci)母(mu)(mu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)可以(yi)传(chuan)授后生。”于是(shi)就宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)家立(li)讲堂,置生员(yuan)百(bai)二十(shi)人(ren),隔绛纱幔而(er)受业,号宋(song)(song)(song)氏(shi)(shi)为宣文君,赐侍婢十(shi)人(ren)。周(zhou)(zhou)官学(xue)(xue)(xue)复行(xing)于世(shi),时(shi)称(cheng)韦(wei)氏(shi)(shi)宋(song)(song)(song)母(mu)(mu)焉。

张天锡(xi)妾(qie)阎(yan)氏、薛(xue)氏,并不知(zhi)何(he)许人也,咸有宠(chong)于天锡(xi)。天锡(xi)寝疾,谓之曰:“汝二人将何(he)以报我?吾死后(hou),岂(qi)可(ke)为人妻乎(hu)!”皆(jie)曰:“尊若不讳(hui),妾(qie)请效死,供洒(sa)扫地下,誓(shi)无他志(zhi)。”及其疾笃,二姬(ji)皆(jie)自刎。天锡(xi)疾瘳,追悼之,以夫人礼葬焉。

苻坚(jian)妾(qie)张(zhang)氏(shi),不(bu)(bu)知何(he)许人,明(ming)辩有(you)才识(shi)。坚(jian)将入寇江左,群臣切谏(jian)不(bu)(bu)从。张(zhang)氏(shi)进曰:“妾(qie)闻天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生万物,圣(sheng)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)驭天(tian)下(xia),莫不(bu)(bu)顺其性而(er)暢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故黄帝服牛乘马,因(yin)其性也(ye)(ye),禹(yu)凿龙门(men),决洪(hong)河,因(yin)水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)势也(ye)(ye);后(hou)稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)播殖百(bai)谷,因(yin)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)也(ye)(ye);汤武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)灭(mie)夏(xia)商(shang),因(yin)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲也(ye)(ye)。是以有(you)因(yin)成,无因(yin)败(bai)。今朝臣上下(xia)皆言(yan)不(bu)(bu)可,陛下(xia)复何(he)所因(yin)也(ye)(ye)?书曰:‘天(tian)聪明(ming)自我民聪明(ming)。’天(tian)犹若(ruo)此,况于(yu)(yu)人主(zhu)乎!妾(qie)闻人君(jun)有(you)伐国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志者(zhe),必上观(guan)乾象,下(xia)采(cai)众(zhong)祥。天(tian)道(dao)崇远,非妾(qie)所知。以人事言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),未(wei)见其可。谚言(yan):“鸡夜(ye)(ye)(ye)鸣(ming)(ming)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)利行师,犬(quan)群唣者(zhe)宫(gong)室必空,兵动马惊(jing),军败(bai)不(bu)(bu)归(gui)。”秋冬已来,每夜(ye)(ye)(ye)群犬(quan)大嗥(hao),众(zhong)鸡夜(ye)(ye)(ye)鸣(ming)(ming),伏闻厩(jiu)马惊(jing)逸,武库兵器有(you)声(sheng),吉(ji)凶(xiong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li),诚非微(wei)妾(qie)所论,愿陛下(xia)详而(er)思之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”坚(jian)曰:“军旅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事非妇人所豫(yu)也(ye)(ye)。”遂兴兵。张(zhang)氏(shi)请(qing)从。坚(jian)是大败(bai)于(yu)(yu)寿春,张(zhang)氏(shi)乃自杀(sha)。

窦(dou)滔妻苏氏(shi),始平人也,名(ming)蕙,字(zi)若兰,善(shan)属文(wen)。滔苻坚时(shi)为秦州(zhou)刺史,被(bei)徙流沙,苏氏(shi)思之,织锦为回文(wen)旋(xuan)图诗以赠(zeng)滔。宛转(zhuan)循(xun)环以读之,词甚凄惋,凡八(ba)百四(si)十字(zi),文(wen)多不录(lu)。

苻(fu)登妻毛(mao)氏(shi),不知(zhi)何(he)许人,壮勇善骑射。登为(wei)姚苌(chang)(chang)(chang)所(suo)(suo)袭,营(ying)垒(lei)既陷,毛(mao)氏(shi)犹弯(wan)弓跨马,率壮士数百人,与苌(chang)(chang)(chang)交战,杀伤甚众。众寡不敌,为(wei)苌(chang)(chang)(chang)所(suo)(suo)执。苌(chang)(chang)(chang)欲(yu)纳之,毛(mao)氏(shi)骂(ma)曰:“吾天(tian)(tian)子后,岂为(wei)贼羌所(suo)(suo)辱(ru),何(he)不速杀我(wo)!”因(yin)仰(yang)天(tian)(tian)大哭曰:“姚苌(chang)(chang)(chang)无(wu)道,前(qian)害(hai)天(tian)(tian)子,今辱(ru)皇(huang)后,皇(huang)天(tian)(tian)后土,宁不鉴照!”苌(chang)(chang)(chang)怒,杀之。

慕(mu)容(rong)垂(chui)(chui)妻段氏,字元(yuan)妃(fei)(fei),伪(wei)(wei)右(you)光禄大夫仪之女也(ye)。少而婉慧(hui),有(you)志操,常谓妹(mei)季妃(fei)(fei)曰:“我(wo)终不(bu)作凡人(ren)妻。”委(wei)妃(fei)(fei)亦曰:“妹(mei)亦不(bu)为庸夫妇。”邻人(ren)闻而笑之。垂(chui)(chui)之称燕王,纳元(yuan)妃(fei)(fei)为继室,遂有(you)殊宠。伪(wei)(wei)范阳(yang)王德亦娉季妃(fei)(fei)焉。姊妹(mei)俱为垂(chui)(chui)、德之妻,卒如其志。垂(chui)(chui)既僭位,拜为皇(huang)后。

垂(chui)(chui)立其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)宝为(wei)(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)也,元(yuan)妃(fei)(fei)谓垂(chui)(chui)曰:“太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)姿质雍容,柔(rou)而(er)不(bu)断,承平则为(wei)(wei)仁明之(zhi)(zhi)主,处难则非济世之(zhi)(zhi)雄,陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)托之(zhi)(zhi)以大业,妾未见克(ke)昌之(zhi)(zhi)美。辽(liao)西、高阳(yang)二王,陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)兒之(zhi)(zhi)贤者,宜(yi)择一以树之(zhi)(zhi)。赵(zhao)王麟奸诈负气,常有轻太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)一旦不(bu)讳,必(bi)有难作(zuo)。此陛(bi)(bi)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)家事,宜(yi)深图之(zhi)(zhi)。”垂(chui)(chui)不(bu)纳(na)。宝及麟闻之(zhi)(zhi),深以为(wei)(wei)恨。其(qi)后元(yuan)妃(fei)(fei)又言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi),垂(chui)(chui)曰:“汝(ru)欲(yu)使我(wo)为(wei)(wei)晋(jin)献公乎?”元(yuan)妃(fei)(fei)泣而(er)退,告季(ji)妃(fei)(fei)曰:“太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)令,群(qun)下(xia)所知,而(er)主上比吾为(wei)(wei)骊戎之(zhi)(zhi)女,何其(qi)苦哉!主上百年之(zhi)(zhi)后,太(tai)(tai)(tai)子(zi)(zi)(zi)必(bi)亡社稷。范阳(yang)王有非常器度(du),若燕(yan)祚(zuo)未终,其(qi)在王乎!”

垂死(si),宝(bao)嗣(si)伪位,遣麟逼(bi)元(yuan)(yuan)妃(fei)曰(yue):“后(hou)常谓(wei)主上不能(neng)嗣(si)守大(da)统,今竟何如?宜早自裁,以(yi)(yi)全段氏。”元(yuan)(yuan)妃(fei)怒曰(yue):“汝兄弟尚逼(bi)杀(sha)母,安能(neng)保守社稷(ji)!吾岂惜(xi)死(si),念国灭不久耳(er)。”遂自杀(sha)。宝(bao)议以(yi)(yi)元(yuan)(yuan)妃(fei)谋废嫡统,无母后(hou)之道(dao),不宜成丧,群下咸以(yi)(yi)为然。伪中书(shu)令(ling)眭邃大(da)言于朝曰(yue):“子(zi)无废母之义,汉之安思阎后(hou)亲废顺帝,犹配飨安皇,先后(hou)言虚实尚未可知(zhi),宜依阎后(hou)故事。”宝(bao)从之。其后(hou)麟果(guo)作乱(luan),宝(bao)亦被(bei)杀(sha),德(de)后(hou)僭称尊号,终如元(yuan)(yuan)妃(fei)之言。

段丰(feng)妻(qi)慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏,德之女(nv)也(ye)。有才慧,善书(shu)史,能(neng)鼓(gu)琴,德既(ji)僭位(wei),署(shu)为平原公(gong)(gong)主。年十(shi)四,适于(yu)(yu)丰(feng)。丰(feng)为人(ren)所(suo)谮,被杀,慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏寡归,将改适伪寿光(guang)公(gong)(gong)余(yu)炽(chi)。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏谓侍婢曰:“我闻忠臣不(bu)(bu)事二君,贞(zhen)女(nv)不(bu)(bu)更二夫。段氏既(ji)遭(zao)无(wu)辜,己不(bu)(bu)能(neng)同死(si),岂复有心(xin)于(yu)(yu)重行(xing)哉!今主上不(bu)(bu)顾礼(li)义嫁(jia)我,若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)从(cong),则(ze)违严君之命矣。”于(yu)(yu)是克日交礼(li)。慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏姿容(rong)(rong)婉丽,服饰光(guang)华,炽(chi)睹(du)之甚(shen)喜。经再宿(su),慕(mu)(mu)容(rong)(rong)氏伪辞以疾(ji),炽(chi)亦不(bu)(bu)之逼。三日还第,沐浴置酒,言笑自若(ruo)(ruo),至夕,密(mi)书(shu)其裙带云(yun):“死(si)后当埋我于(yu)(yu)段氏墓侧,若(ruo)(ruo)魂魄有知,当归彼矣。”遂于(yu)(yu)浴室自缢而死(si)。及(ji)葬,男女(nv)观者数万人(ren),莫不(bu)(bu)叹息曰:“贞(zhen)哉公(gong)(gong)主!”路经余(yu)炽(chi)宅前,炽(chi)闻挽歌之声,恸绝良久(jiu)。

吕纂(zuan)妻杨氏(shi),弘农人(ren)(ren)也(ye)。美艳有义(yi)烈(lie)。纂(zuan)被吕超(chao)所杀(sha),杨氏(shi)与侍婢十数人(ren)(ren)殡纂(zuan)于城西(xi)。将出宫,超(chao)虑赍珍物出外,使人(ren)(ren)搜之(zhi)(zhi)。杨氏(shi)厉声责超(chao)曰(yue):“尔(er)兄弟不(bu)能(neng)和睦,手刃(ren)相屠(tu),我旦夕死人(ren)(ren),何(he)用金宝!”超(chao)惭而退。又问杨氏(shi)玉玺所在(zai),杨氏(shi)怒(nu)曰(yue):“尽毁之(zhi)(zhi)矣。”超(chao)将妻之(zhi)(zhi),谓其(qi)父桓曰(yue):“后若自(zi)杀(sha),祸(huo)及卿宗。”桓以告杨氏(shi),杨氏(shi)曰(yue):“大人(ren)(ren)本卖女与氏(shi)以图(tu)富贵,一之(zhi)(zhi)已甚,其(qi)可再(zai)乎!”乃(nai)自(zi)杀(sha)。

时吕(lv)绍(shao)妻张氏亦有操行,年十四(si),绍(shao)死,便(bian)请为尼(ni)。吕(lv)隆见而悦之,欲秽其行,张氏曰:“钦乐至道(dao),誓(shi)不受辱。”遂(sui)升楼自投于地,二胫俱折(zhe),口诵佛经,俄然而死。

凉武昭王(wang)李(li)玄(xuan)盛后尹氏,天水冀人也(ye)。幼好学,清(qing)辩有志节。初适扶风马元正,元正卒,为玄(xuan)盛继(ji)室。以再醮之故(gu),三年不言。抚前妻子逾于己生。玄(xuan)盛之创(chuang)业也(ye),谟谋经略(lve)多所毗赞,故(gu)西州谚曰:“李(li)、尹王(wang)敦(dun)煌。”

及玄盛(sheng)薨,子(zi)士(shi)业嗣位,尊为太后。士(shi)业将攻沮渠蒙逊(xun),尹氏(shi)谓(wei)士(shi)业曰(yue):“汝新造之(zhi)国(guo),地狭人(ren)(ren)稀,靖以(yi)(yi)(yi)守之(zhi)犹(you)惧其(qi)失,云(yun)何(he)轻举,窥冀非望(wang)!蒙逊(xun)骁武,善用兵,汝非其(qi)敌。吾观其(qi)数(shu)年已来有(you)并(bing)兼之(zhi)志,且(qie)天时人(ren)(ren)事似欲归之(zhi)。今国(guo)虽小,足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为政。知足(zu)不(bu)(bu)辱,道(dao)家明诫也。且(qie)先王临(lin)薨,遗(yi)令殷勤,志令汝曹深慎兵战(zhan),俟时而动。言犹(you)在耳,柰何(he)忘(wang)之(zhi)!不(bu)(bu)如(ru)勉(mian)修德政,蓄力以(yi)(yi)(yi)观之(zhi)。彼若淫暴(bao),人(ren)(ren)将归汝;汝苟德之(zhi)不(bu)(bu)建,事之(zhi)无日矣。汝此(ci)行也,非唯(wei)师败,国(guo)亦将亡。”士(shi)业不(bu)(bu)从(cong),果为蒙逊(xun)所灭。

尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)至姑臧,蒙逊(xun)引见劳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),对曰(yue):“李氏(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)胡所灭,知复何(he)(he)(he)言!”或(huo)谏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue):“母子(zi)(zi)命(ming)悬人手,柰何(he)(he)(he)倨傲(ao)!且国败子(zi)(zi)孙屠灭,何(he)(he)(he)独无悲?”尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“兴灭死生,理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大分,何(he)(he)(he)为(wei)同凡(fan)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,起兒(er)女(nv)(nv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)悲!吾(wu)(wu)一妇人,不(bu)能死亡,岂惮(dan)斧钺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸,求为(wei)臣妾乎!若(ruo)杀我(wo)者,吾(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愿矣。”蒙逊(xun)嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)诛,为(wei)子(zi)(zi)茂虔娉其女(nv)(nv)为(wei)妻。及(ji)魏氏(shi)(shi)(shi)以武威公主(zhu)妻茂虔,尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)女(nv)(nv)迁居酒泉。既而(er)女(nv)(nv)卒,抚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)哭,曰(yue):“汝(ru)死晚矣!”沮(ju)渠无讳时镇酒泉,每谓尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue):“后诸孙在伊(yi)吾(wu)(wu),后能去不(bu)?”尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)未测(ce)其言,答曰(yue):“子(zi)(zi)孙流(liu)漂(piao),托身丑虏,老年余(yu)命(ming),当死于(yu)此,不(bu)能作氈(zhan)裘鬼(gui)也。”俄(e)而(er)潜奔(ben)伊(yi)吾(wu)(wu),无讳遣骑(qi)追及(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。尹氏(shi)(shi)(shi)谓使(shi)者曰(yue):”沮(ju)渠酒泉许我(wo)归(gui)北,何(he)(he)(he)故来追?汝(ru)可斩吾(wu)(wu)首归(gui),终(zhong)不(bu)回矣。”使(shi)者不(bu)敢逼而(er)还(hai)。年七十五,卒于(yu)伊(yi)吾(wu)(wu)。

史臣曰:夫(fu)繁霜(shuang)降节,彰劲(jing)心于(yu)(yu)后凋;横流在辰,表贞(zhen)期(qi)于(yu)(yu)上德,匪(fei)(fei)伊尹子,抑(yi)亦妇人焉。自晋(jin)政陵夷,罕树风检,亏(kui)闲爽操,相(xiang)趋成(cheng)俗,荐(jian)之(zhi)以刘石,汩之(zhi)以苻姚(yao)。三月歌胡(hu),唯(wei)见(jian)争(zheng)新之(zhi)饰;一朝辞汉,曾微恋旧之(zhi)情(qing)。驰骛风埃(ai),脱落(luo)名(ming)教,颓(tui)纵(zong)忘(wang)反,于(yu)(yu)兹为极(ji)。至若惠风之(zhi)数(shu)乔属,道(dao)韫之(zhi)对(dui)孙恩,荀女释急于(yu)(yu)重围(wei),张妻报怨(yuan)于(yu)(yu)强寇,僭登之(zhi)后,蹈死不回,伪纂(zuan)之(zhi)妃,捐生匪(fei)(fei)吝,宗(zong)辛抗情(qing)而致夭(yao),王靳(jin)守节而就(jiu)终(zhong),斯皆冥践义途,匪(fei)(fei)因教至。耸清(qing)汉之(zhi)乔叶,有(you)裕徽音;振幽(you)谷之(zhi)贞(zhen)蕤,无惭雅引,比夫(fu)悬(xuan)梁靡顾,齿剑如归(gui),异日齐风,可以激扬千载矣。

赞曰:从容阴礼,婉娩(mian)柔则(ze)。载循六(liu)行(xing),爰昭四德(de)。操(cao)洁风霜,誉流(liu)邦国。彤管贻训,清芬靡忒(te)。

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