韩愈 作者简介
韩(han)愈(768—824),字退之,河(he)(he)阳(yang)(现在(zai)河(he)(he)南孟县(xian))人(ren),祖籍河(he)(he)北昌黎(li),世称“韩(han)昌黎(li)”。晚年(nian)任(ren)吏(li)部(bu)侍郎,故又(you)称“韩(han)吏(li)部(bu)”。死(si)后谥“文”,故又(you)称“韩(han)文公”。少小孤苦,由(you)兄嫂抚(fu)养长大。二十(shi)岁入(ru)(ru)(ru)长安,三次(ci)考(kao)进(jin)士不中。贞(zhen)元(yuan)八年(nian)(792)第四次(ci)参加(jia)考(kao)试,登进(jin)士第。曾入(ru)(ru)(ru)汴(bian)州(治(zhi)所在(zai)现在(zai)的(de)河(he)(he)南开(kai)封(feng))、徐(xu)州等地(di)(di)的(de)幕府任(ren)闲职,贞(zhen)元(yuan)十(shi)八年(nian)(802)到(dao)长安任(ren)国子监(jian)(jian)四门博(bo)士,从(cong)此正式步入(ru)(ru)(ru)仕(shi)途。贞(zhen)元(yuan)十(shi)九年(nian),改(gai)任(ren)监(jian)(jian)察御史,因上书(shu)论饥(ji)荒(huang),得罪权贵,被贬为(wei)(wei)阳(yang)山(现在(zai)广(guang)东连阳(yang))县(xian)令(ling)。元(yuan)和元(yuan)年(nian)(806),新皇帝(唐宪宗(zong))继位(wei)(wei),他(ta)被召回(hui)长安,任(ren)国子监(jian)(jian)博(bo)士。元(yuan)和十(shi)二年(nian),随裴度征讨叛乱(luan)有功,升(sheng)任(ren)刑部(bu)侍郎。元(yuan)和十(shi)四年(nian),唐宪宗(zong)派人(ren)迎佛骨(gu)入(ru)(ru)(ru)宫,韩(han)愈上书(shu)力谏(jian),被贬为(wei)(wei)潮(chao)州刺(ci)史。元(yuan)和十(shi)五年(nian),唐穆(mu)宗(zong)继位(wei)(wei),召韩(han)愈回(hui)长安为(wei)(wei)国子监(jian)(jian)祭(ji)酒(jiu),此后政治(zhi)地(di)(di)位(wei)(wei)逐步上升(sheng),官至吏(li)部(bu)侍郎。