原文
魏(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)子无忌者(zhe)，魏(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)王(wang)少子而(er)(er)魏(wei)(wei)安厘(li)(li)王(wang)异母弟也。昭(zhao)王(wang)薨，安厘(li)(li)（音(yin)同(tong)“希”） 王(wang)即位，封公(gong)(gong)子为(wei)信陵君。是时(shi)范睢亡(wang)魏(wei)(wei)相秦，以怨魏(wei)(wei)齐(qi)故，秦兵围(wei)大(da)梁，破魏(wei)(wei)华(hua)阳(yang)下(xia)军，走(zou)芒(mang)卯(mao)。魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)及(ji)公(gong)(gong)子患(huan)之。公(gong)(gong)子为(wei)人仁(ren)而(er)(er)下(xia)士，士无贤不肖皆谦而(er)(er)礼交之，不敢以其(qi)富贵骄(jiao)士。士以此方(fang)数千(qian)里争往(wang)归之，致食客(ke)三千(qian)人。当是时(shi)，诸侯以公(gong)(gong)子贤，多(duo)客(ke)，不敢加兵谋魏(wei)(wei)十馀(yu)年。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)与(yu)魏王(wang)博(bo)，而北境传举(ju)烽，言“赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)寇至，且入界”。魏王(wang)释博(bo)，欲召大臣(chen)谋。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)止(zhi)王(wang)曰：“赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)田猎(lie)耳，非(fei)为寇也。”复博(bo)如故。王(wang)恐，心不(bu)在博(bo)。居顷(qing)，复从(cong)北方来传言曰：“赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)猎(lie)耳，非(fei)为寇也。”魏王(wang)大惊(jing)，曰：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)何以知之(zhi)？”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“臣(chen)之(zhi)客(ke)(ke)有(you)能(neng)深(shen)得(de)赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)阴(yin)事者(zhe)，赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)所为，客(ke)(ke)辄(zhe)以报臣(chen)，臣(chen)以此知之(zhi)。”是(shi)后(hou)魏王(wang)畏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)贤能(neng)，不(bu)敢任公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)以国政。魏有(you)隐(yin)士曰侯嬴，年七十，家(jia)贫，为大梁(liang)夷门监(jian)者(zhe)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)闻之(zhi)，往请，欲厚(hou)遗之(zhi)。不(bu)肯受，曰：“臣(chen)脩(xiu)身(shen)洁行数(shu)十年，终(zhong)不(bu)以监(jian)门困故而受公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)财。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)于是(shi)乃置酒(jiu)大会(hui)宾客(ke)(ke)。坐(zuo)定，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)从(cong)车(che)骑(qi)，虚左，自迎夷门侯生。侯生摄(she)敝衣(yi)冠，直上载公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)上坐(zuo)，不(bu)让，欲以观(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)执辔(pei)（音同“配(pei)”）愈恭。侯生又(you)谓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“臣(chen)有(you)客(ke)(ke)在市屠中，愿枉车(che)骑(qi)过之(zhi)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)引车(che)入巿，侯生下见其(qi)客(ke)(ke)朱亥，俾倪，故久(jiu)立与(yu)其(qi)客(ke)(ke)语，微察公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)颜色(se)愈和。当是(shi)时，魏将相宗室宾客(ke)(ke)满堂(tang)，待公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)举(ju)酒(jiu)。巿人皆观(guan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)执辔(pei)。从(cong)骑(qi)皆窃骂侯生。侯生视(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)色(se)终(zhong)不(bu)变，乃谢客(ke)(ke)就车(che)。至家(jia)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)引侯生坐(zuo)上坐(zuo)，遍赞宾客(ke)(ke)，宾客(ke)(ke)皆惊(jing)。酒(jiu)酣，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)起，为寿(shou)侯生前。
侯(hou)生(sheng)因谓(wei)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“今(jin)(jin)日嬴(ying)之为(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)亦(yi)足矣。嬴(ying)乃(nai)夷(yi)门抱关者(zhe)也，而公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)亲枉车骑，自迎嬴(ying)于(yu)众人广坐之中(zhong)，不宜有(you)所过(guo)，今(jin)(jin)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)故(gu)过(guo)之。然嬴(ying)欲就(jiu)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之名，故(gu)久立公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)车骑巿中(zhong)，过(guo)客以(yi)观(guan)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)愈恭。巿人皆(jie)以(yi)嬴(ying)为(wei)(wei)小人，而以(yi)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)长者(zhe)能(neng)(neng)下士也。”于(yu)是罢酒，侯(hou)生(sheng)遂为(wei)(wei)上客。侯(hou)生(sheng)谓(wei)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)：“臣所过(guo)屠(tu)者(zhe)朱亥，此子(zi)(zi)(zi)贤者(zhe)，世莫能(neng)(neng)知，故(gu)隐(yin)屠(tu)间耳。”公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)往数请之，朱亥故(gu)不复谢，公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)怪之。
魏(wei)(wei)(wei)安厘王(wang)二(er)十年(nian)，秦昭(zhao)王(wang)已破赵(zhao)(zhao)长平(ping)(ping)军，又(you)进(jin)兵围邯(han)郸(dan)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)姊(zi)为赵(zhao)(zhao)惠(hui)文王(wang)弟平(ping)(ping)原君夫人(ren)，数遗魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)及公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)书，请(qing)救(jiu)于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)使将军晋鄙将十万众救(jiu)赵(zhao)(zhao)。秦王(wang)使使者(zhe)(zhe)告魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)曰：“吾攻赵(zhao)(zhao)旦暮且下，而(er)诸(zhu)侯敢救(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)，已拔赵(zhao)(zhao)，必移兵先(xian)击之(zhi)。”魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)恐，使人(ren)止晋鄙，留军壁(bi)邺，名为救(jiu)赵(zhao)(zhao)，实(shi)持两端(duan)以(yi)(yi)观(guan)望。平(ping)(ping)原君使者(zhe)(zhe)冠盖相属(shu)于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)，让魏(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“胜所以(yi)(yi)自附为婚姻(yin)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)高义，为能急人(ren)之(zhi)困(kun)。今邯(han)郸(dan)旦暮降(jiang)秦而(er)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)救(jiu)不至，安在公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)能急人(ren)之(zhi)困(kun)也！且公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)纵轻胜，弃(qi)之(zhi)降(jiang)秦，独(du)不怜(lian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)姊(zi)邪？”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)患之(zhi)，数请(qing)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)，及宾客(ke)(ke)辩士说王(wang)万端(duan)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)畏秦，终不听公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)自度(du)终不能得(de)之(zhi)于(yu)王(wang)，计(ji)不独(du)生而(er)令赵(zhao)(zhao)亡(wang)，乃(nai)请(qing)宾客(ke)(ke)，约(yue)车骑(qi)百馀乘，欲以(yi)(yi)客(ke)(ke)往赴(fu)秦军，与赵(zhao)(zhao)俱死。
行(xing)(xing)(xing)过(guo)夷门，见(jian)侯生(sheng)，具告所以(yi)(yi)(yi)欲(yu)(yu)死(si)秦(qin)军(jun)状(zhuang)。辞决而(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，侯生(sheng)曰：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)勉之(zhi)矣(yi)，老臣(chen)不(bu)能从(cong)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)数(shu)里(li)，心(xin)不(bu)快(kuai)，曰：“吾所以(yi)(yi)(yi)待侯生(sheng)者备矣(yi)，天(tian)下莫不(bu)闻(wen)，今吾且死(si)而(er)(er)侯生(sheng)曾无一言半辞送(song)(song)我(wo)，我(wo)岂(qi)有(you)所失哉？”复(fu)引车还，问侯生(sheng)。侯生(sheng)笑曰：“臣(chen)固知公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)还也(ye)(ye)。”曰：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)喜(xi)士(shi)(shi)，名闻(wen)天(tian)下。今有(you)难(nan)，无他端而(er)(er)欲(yu)(yu)赴秦(qin)军(jun)，譬若以(yi)(yi)(yi)肉投馁虎(hu)，何(he)功之(zhi)有(you)哉？尚安事客？然公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遇臣(chen)厚，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)往而(er)(er)臣(chen)不(bu)送(song)(song)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)是知公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)恨之(zhi)复(fu)返也(ye)(ye)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)再拜(bai)，因(yin)问。侯生(sheng)乃(nai)屏(ping)人(ren)间语(yu)，曰：“嬴(ying)闻(wen)晋(jin)鄙(bi)之(zhi)兵(bing)符(fu)常在(zai)王卧内，而(er)(er)如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)最幸，出入王卧内，力(li)能窃之(zhi)。嬴(ying)闻(wen)如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)父为人(ren)所杀(sha)，如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)资(zi)之(zhi)三(san)年，自(zi)王以(yi)(yi)(yi)下欲(yu)(yu)求报(bao)其父仇，莫能得。如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)泣(qi)(qi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)使客斩其仇头，敬(jing)进如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)。如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)之(zhi)欲(yu)(yu)为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)死(si)，无所辞，顾未有(you)路耳。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)诚一开口(kou)请(qing)如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)，如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)必许诺，则得虎(hu)符(fu)夺晋(jin)鄙(bi)军(jun)，北(bei)救赵而(er)(er)西(xi)却秦(qin)，此(ci)(ci)五(wu)霸(ba)之(zhi)伐(fa)也(ye)(ye)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)从(cong)其计(ji)，请(qing)如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)。如(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)果盗晋(jin)鄙(bi)兵(bing)符(fu)与(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，侯生(sheng)曰：“将(jiang)在(zai)外，主令有(you)所不(bu)受(shou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)国(guo)家。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)即合符(fu)，而(er)(er)晋(jin)鄙(bi)不(bu)授公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)兵(bing)而(er)(er)复(fu)请(qing)之(zhi)，事必危矣(yi)。臣(chen)客屠者朱亥(hai)(hai)可与(yu)俱，此(ci)(ci)人(ren)力(li)士(shi)(shi)。晋(jin)鄙(bi)听，大善(shan)；不(bu)听，可使击之(zhi)。”于是公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)泣(qi)(qi)。侯生(sheng)曰：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)畏死(si)邪(xie)？何(he)泣(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)？”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰：“晋(jin)鄙(bi)嚄唶宿(su)将(jiang)，往恐不(bu)听，必当杀(sha)之(zhi)，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)泣(qi)(qi)耳，岂(qi)畏死(si)哉？”于是公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)请(qing)朱亥(hai)(hai)。朱亥(hai)(hai)笑曰：“臣(chen)乃(nai)市井鼓刀屠者，而(er)(er)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亲数(shu)存之(zhi)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)报(bao)谢者，以(yi)(yi)(yi)为小礼无所用。今公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)急，此(ci)(ci)乃(nai)臣(chen)效命(ming)之(zhi)秋也(ye)(ye)。”遂与(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)俱。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)过(guo)谢侯生(sheng)。侯生(sheng)曰：“臣(chen)宜(yi)从(cong)，老不(bu)能。请(qing)数(shu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)日，以(yi)(yi)(yi)至晋(jin)鄙(bi)军(jun)之(zhi)日，北(bei)乡自(zi)刭，以(yi)(yi)(yi)送(song)(song)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遂行(xing)(xing)(xing)。
至(zhi)邺，矫(jiao)魏王(wang)令(ling)代晋鄙(bi)(bi)。晋鄙(bi)(bi)合符，疑之(zhi)(zhi)，举手(shou)视公子(zi)曰(yue)：“今(jin)吾(wu)拥十万之(zhi)(zhi)众，屯于(yu)境上(shang)，国之(zhi)(zhi)重任(ren)，今(jin)单(dan)车来(lai)代之(zhi)(zhi)，何如(ru)哉？”欲(yu)无(wu)听。朱亥袖四(si)十斤铁椎，椎杀(sha)晋鄙(bi)(bi)，公子(zi)遂(sui)将晋鄙(bi)(bi)军(jun)。勒兵(bing)下(xia)令(ling)军(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)：“父(fu)子(zi)俱(ju)在军(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)，父(fu)归(gui)(gui)；兄(xiong)弟俱(ju)在军(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)，兄(xiong)归(gui)(gui)；独子(zi)无(wu)兄(xiong)弟，归(gui)(gui)养。”得选兵(bing)八万人，进兵(bing)击秦(qin)军(jun)。秦(qin)军(jun)解去，遂(sui)救邯郸，存赵(zhao)。赵(zhao)王(wang)及平(ping)原君(jun)自(zi)迎公子(zi)于(yu)界，平(ping)原君(jun)负韊矢为公子(zi)先(xian)引。赵(zhao)王(wang)再拜曰(yue)：“自(zi)古贤人未有(you)及公子(zi)者也。”当(dang)此之(zhi)(zhi)时，平(ping)原君(jun)不敢自(zi)比于(yu)人。公子(zi)与侯生(sheng)决，至(zhi)军(jun)，侯生(sheng)果北乡(xiang)自(zi)刭。
魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)怒(nu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盗其兵(bing)(bing)(bing)符，矫杀(sha)晋鄙(bi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦自(zi)(zi)(zi)知也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。已却秦(qin)(qin)存赵(zhao)(zhao)，使(shi)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)其军(jun)归(gui)(gui)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，而(er)(er)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)独(du)与客留(liu)(liu)赵(zhao)(zhao)。赵(zhao)(zhao)孝成王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)德(de)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矫夺晋鄙(bi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)而(er)(er)存赵(zhao)(zhao)，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)与平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)计(ji)，以五(wu)城(cheng)封公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，意骄矜而(er)(er)有(you)(you)自(zi)(zi)(zi)功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色(se)(se)。客有(you)(you)说公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“物有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)忘(wang)，或有(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)忘(wang)。夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)(you)德(de)于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)忘(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)德(de)于(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，愿公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)忘(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且(qie)矫魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)令，夺晋鄙(bi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)以救(jiu)赵(zhao)(zhao)，于(yu)赵(zhao)(zhao)则(ze)有(you)(you)功矣(yi)(yi)，于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)则(ze)未(wei)为忠臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)骄而(er)(er)功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，窃为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)取也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”于(yu)是公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li)(li)(li)自(zi)(zi)(zi)责(ze)，似若无(wu)所(suo)容者(zhe)。赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)埽(sao)除自(zi)(zi)(zi)迎，执主人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，引公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)就西阶。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)侧行(xing)辞让，从东阶上。自(zi)(zi)(zi)言罪(zui)过，以负于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，无(wu)功于(yu)赵(zhao)(zhao)。赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)侍(shi)酒至(zhi)暮，口不(bu)(bu)忍献五(wu)城(cheng)，以公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)退让也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)竟留(liu)(liu)赵(zhao)(zhao)。赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以鄗(hao)为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)汤沐邑，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)亦复以信陵奉公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)留(liu)(liu)赵(zhao)(zhao)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)闻(wen)赵(zhao)(zhao)有(you)(you)处(chu) 士(shi)(shi)毛公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藏于(yu)博徒(tu)(tu)(tu)，薛公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藏于(yu)卖浆家，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)欲(yu)见(jian)两人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，两人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)自(zi)(zi)(zi)匿不(bu)(bu)肯见(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)闻(wen)所(suo)在，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)间步往(wang)(wang)(wang)从此两人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)游(you)(you)，甚(shen)欢。平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓其夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)：“始吾闻(wen)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)弟公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)无(wu)双，今(jin)(jin)吾闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)妄从博徒(tu)(tu)(tu)卖浆者(zhe)游(you)(you)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)妄人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)耳。”夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)以告(gao)(gao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)谢夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)去(qu)(qu)，曰(yue)(yue)：“始吾闻(wen)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)贤(xian)，故(gu)负魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)而(er)(er)救(jiu)赵(zhao)(zhao)，以称(cheng)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)。平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游(you)(you)，徒(tu)(tu)(tu)豪举(ju)耳，不(bu)(bu)求士(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无(wu)忌(ji)自(zi)(zi)(zi)在大梁时，常闻(wen)此两人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)贤(xian)，至(zhi)赵(zhao)(zhao)，恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)得(de)见(jian)。以无(wu)忌(ji)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游(you)(you)，尚恐(kong)其不(bu)(bu)我(wo)欲(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，今(jin)(jin)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)以为羞(xiu)，其不(bu)(bu)足(zu)从游(you)(you)。”乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)装为去(qu)(qu)。夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)具以语平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)。平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)免冠谢，固留(liu)(liu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)门下(xia)(xia)闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，半去(qu)(qu)平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)归(gui)(gui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)士(shi)(shi)复往(wang)(wang)(wang)归(gui)(gui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)倾平(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)客。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)留(liu)(liu)赵(zhao)(zhao)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)不(bu)(bu)归(gui)(gui)。秦(qin)(qin)闻(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)在赵(zhao)(zhao)，日夜(ye)出兵(bing)(bing)(bing)东伐魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)患之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)使(shi)往(wang)(wang)(wang)请公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)恐(kong)其怒(nu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)诫门下(xia)(xia)：“有(you)(you)敢为魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)使(shi)通者(zhe)，死。”宾客皆(jie)背魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赵(zhao)(zhao)，莫敢劝(quan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)归(gui)(gui)。毛公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、薛公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)两人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)往(wang)(wang)(wang)见(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)以重于(yu)赵(zhao)(zhao)，名闻(wen)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)，徒(tu)(tu)(tu)以有(you)(you)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)秦(qin)(qin)攻魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)急(ji)而(er)(er)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)恤(xu)，使(shi)秦(qin)(qin)破大梁而(er)(er)夷先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗庙(miao)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)当何面目立(li)(li)(li)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)乎？”语未(wei)及卒(zu)(zu)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li)(li)(li)变(bian)色(se)(se)，告(gao)(gao)车趣驾归(gui)(gui)救(jiu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)见(jian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，相与泣(qi)，而(er)(er)以上将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)印授公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)遂将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安厘(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)三(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)使(shi)使(shi)遍告(gao)(gao)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)。诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)闻(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，各(ge)遣将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)救(jiu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)率五(wu)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)破秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)于(yu)河外(wai)，走蒙(meng)骜(ao)。遂乘胜逐秦(qin)(qin)军(jun)至(zhi)函谷关，抑(yi)秦(qin)(qin)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)，秦(qin)(qin)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)不(bu)(bu)敢出。当是时，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)威(wei)振天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)客进兵(bing)(bing)(bing)法，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)皆(jie)名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)世俗称(cheng)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)兵(bing)(bing)(bing)法。秦(qin)(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)患之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)行(xing)金万斤于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，求晋鄙(bi)客，令毁公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)曰(yue)(yue)：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亡(wang)在外(wai)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)矣(yi)(yi)，今(jin)(jin)为魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)皆(jie)属，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)徒(tu)(tu)(tu)闻(wen)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，不(bu)(bu)闻(wen)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦欲(yu)因此时定南面而(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)畏公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威(wei)，方(fang)欲(yu)共立(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”秦(qin)(qin)数使(shi)反间，伪贺公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)立(li)(li)(li)为魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)未(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)日闻(wen)其毁，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)不(bu)(bu)信，后(hou)果使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)代公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)知再以毁废，乃(nai)(nai)(nai)(nai)谢病(bing)不(bu)(bu)朝，与宾客为长夜(ye)饮(yin)(yin)，饮(yin)(yin)醇(chun)酒，多近妇(fu)女。日夜(ye)为乐饮(yin)(yin)者(zhe)四(si)岁(sui)，竟病(bing)酒而(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)。其岁(sui)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安厘(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦薨。秦(qin)(qin)闻(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)死，使(shi)蒙(meng)骜(ao)攻魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，拔二(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)城(cheng)，初置东郡。其后(hou)秦(qin)(qin)稍蚕食魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)八岁(sui)而(er)(er)虏魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，屠(tu)大梁。
高祖始微少时，数闻公子贤。及即天子位，每过大梁(liang)，常祠公子。高祖十二年，从击(ji)黥(qing)布还，为公子置守冢五家，世世岁以四时奉祠公子。
太史公(gong)曰：吾(wu)过大(da)梁(liang)之(zhi)墟，求问其所谓夷门(men)。夷门(men)者(zhe)，城之(zhi)东门(men)也。天下(xia)诸公(gong)子亦有(you)喜(xi)士者(zhe)矣(yi)，然(ran)信陵君之(zhi)接岩穴隐者(zhe)，不(bu)耻(chi)下(xia)交，有(you)以也。名(ming)冠诸侯，不(bu)虚耳(er)。高(gao)祖(zu)每过之(zhi)而令民奉祠(ci)不(bu)绝也。
译文
魏(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)叫无忌，是(shi)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)昭王(wang)(wang)的(de)小儿子(zi)、魏(wei)(wei)(wei)安(an)厘王(wang)(wang)的(de)异母弟弟。昭王(wang)(wang)去世后，安(an)厘王(wang)(wang)即(ji)位，封公(gong)(gong)子(zi)为(wei)信陵君(jun)。当时范睢从魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)逃出到(dao)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)任秦(qin)相(xiang)，因为(wei)怨恨魏(wei)(wei)(wei)相(xiang)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)齐屈打自己几乎(hu)致死(si) 的(de)缘故(gu)，就派秦(qin)军围(wei)攻大梁，击(ji)败了魏(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)驻扎在(zai)华阳的(de)部队(dui)，使魏(wei)(wei)(wei)将(jiang)芒卯(mao)战败而逃。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)和(he)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)对这件(jian)事十(shi)分焦虑。
公子(zi)(zi)的为人(ren)(ren)仁爱宽(kuan)厚礼贤(xian)下(xia)士(shi)，士(shi)人(ren)(ren)无(wu)论有无(wu)才(cai)能(neng)或才(cai)能(neng)大小，他都(dou)谦恭(gong)有礼地同他们交(jiao)往，从(cong)来不敢(gan)因(yin)为自己富贵而(er)轻(qing)慢士(shi)人(ren)(ren)。因(yin)此方圆几千里的士(shi)人(ren)(ren)都(dou)争相(xiang)归(gui)附于(yu)他，招来食客(ke)三千人(ren)(ren)。当时，诸(zhu)侯各国因(yin)公子(zi)(zi)贤(xian)德，宾(bin)客(ke)众多，连续十几年不敢(gan)动兵(bing)谋犯(fan)魏国。
有(you)一(yi)次，公子(zi)跟魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)正在(zai)下棋，不想北边(bian)(bian)边(bian)(bian)境传(chuan)来警报，说(shuo)“赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)发兵进犯(fan)，将进入边(bian)(bian)境。”魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)立(li)即放下棋子(zi)，就(jiu)要(yao)召(zhao)集大臣们商议对(dui)策。公子(zi)劝阻(zu)魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)说(shuo)：“是(shi)赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)打(da)猎(lie)罢了(le)，不是(shi)进犯(fan)边(bian)(bian)境。”又(you)(you)接(jie)着跟魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)下棋如同没(mei)发生什么(me)事一(yi)样。可是(shi)魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)惊(jing)恐，心思全没(mei)放在(zai)下棋上(shang)。过(guo)了(le)一(yi)会(hui)儿，又(you)(you)从(cong)北边(bian)(bian)传(chuan)来消息说(shuo)：“是(shi)赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)打(da)猎(lie)罢了(le)，不是(shi)进犯(fan)边(bian)(bian)境。”魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)听后大感(gan)惊(jing)诧，问道(dao)：“公子(zi)是(shi)怎么(me)知道(dao)的(de)(de)？”公子(zi)回答说(shuo)：“我的(de)(de)食客中有(you)个人(ren)能深(shen)入底里探到赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)的(de)(de)秘密，赵(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)有(you)什么(me)行动，他就(jiu)会(hui)立(li)即报告(gao)我，我因此(ci)知道(dao)这件事。”从(cong)此(ci)以后，魏(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)畏惧公子(zi)贤能，不敢任用公子(zi)处理(li)国(guo)家大事。
魏(wei)国有个(ge)(ge)隐士叫(jiao)侯(hou)嬴(ying)，已经七(qi)十岁了(le)(le)(le)，家(jia)境(jing)贫寒(han)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)梁城(cheng)东门(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)看(kan)(kan)门(men)(men)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)听(ting)说了(le)(le)(le)这(zhei)个(ge)(ge)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)派人(ren)(ren)(ren)去(qu)(qu)(qu)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)见，并想送给他(ta)一份厚礼(li)。但是(shi)(shi)(shi)侯(hou)嬴(ying)不肯接(jie)(jie)(jie)受，说：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)几十年来(lai)修养品德，坚持操守，终究不能(neng)因我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)看(kan)(kan)门(men)(men)贫困(kun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缘故而接(jie)(jie)(jie)受公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)财礼(li)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)于是(shi)(shi)(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)大(da)摆酒(jiu)席，宴饮宾(bin)客。大(da)家(jia)来(lai)齐坐定之后(hou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)带着(zhe)车马(ma)(ma)以(yi)及(ji)随从人(ren)(ren)(ren)员(yuan)，空出车子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)左位(wei)，亲自(zi)到(dao)东城(cheng)门(men)(men)去(qu)(qu)(qu)迎(ying)接(jie)(jie)(jie)侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)整理了(le)(le)(le)一下破旧(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衣(yi)帽，就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)径直上(shang)(shang)(shang)了(le)(le)(le)车子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)坐在公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)空出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尊贵座位(wei)，丝毫没(mei)有谦(qian)让的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)思，想借(jie)此观察一下公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)态度。可(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)手握(wo)马(ma)(ma)缰(jiang)绳(sheng)更加(jia)恭(gong)敬。侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)又(you)对公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)说：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)有个(ge)(ge)朋友(you)(you)在街(jie)(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屠宰(zai)场，希望委(wei)屈(qu)一下车马(ma)(ma)载我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)去(qu)(qu)(qu)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)访他(ta)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)立(li)即驾车前往进入街(jie)(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)，侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)下车去(qu)(qu)(qu)会见他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朋友(you)(you)朱亥(hai)，他(ta)斜(xie)眯缝(feng)着(zhe)眼看(kan)(kan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，故意(yi)久(jiu)久(jiu)地(di)站在那里，同他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)朋友(you)(you)聊天，同时(shi)暗暗地(di)观察公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)面色更加(jia)和悦。在这(zhei)个(ge)(ge)时(shi)候，魏(wei)国的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)将军、宰(zai)相、宗室大(da)臣以(yi)及(ji)高朋贵宾(bin)坐满堂(tang)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，正等(deng)着(zhe)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)举杯(bei)开(kai)宴。街(jie)(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都(dou)看(kan)(kan)到(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)手握(wo)缰(jiang)绳(sheng)替侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)驾车。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)随从人(ren)(ren)(ren)员(yuan)都(dou)暗自(zi)责骂侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)看(kan)(kan)到(dao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)面色始(shi)终不变(bian)，才告别了(le)(le)(le)朋友(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)了(le)(le)(le)车。到(dao)家(jia)后(hou)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)领着(zhe)侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)坐到(dao)上(shang)(shang)(shang)位(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)，并向全体宾(bin)客赞扬地(di)介绍(shao)了(le)(le)(le)侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，满堂(tang)宾(bin)客无(wu)不惊(jing)异(yi)。大(da)家(jia)酒(jiu)兴正浓时(shi)， 公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)站起来(lai)，走到(dao)侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)面前举杯(bei)为他(ta)祝寿(shou)。侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)趁机对公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)说：“今天我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)侯(hou)嬴(ying)为难公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也够劲了(le)(le)(le)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)只是(shi)(shi)(shi)个(ge)(ge)城(cheng)东门(men)(men)抱门(men)(men)插关的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，可(ke)是(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)委(wei)屈(qu)车马(ma)(ma)，亲自(zi)在大(da)庭广众之中迎(ying)接(jie)(jie)(jie)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)本不该(gai)再去(qu)(qu)(qu)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)访朋友(you)(you)，今天公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)竟屈(qu)尊陪我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)访他(ta)。可(ke)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)也想成(cheng)就(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)名声，故意(yi)让公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)车马(ma)(ma)久(jiu)久(jiu)地(di)停在街(jie)(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)中，借(jie)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)访朋友(you)(you)来(lai)观察公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，结果(guo)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)更加(jia)谦(qian)恭(gong)。街(jie)(jie)(jie)市(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)都(dou)以(yi)为我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)小人(ren)(ren)(ren)，而认(ren)为公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)个(ge)(ge)高尚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)能(neng)礼(li)贤(xian)下士啊。”在这(zhei)次宴会散了(le)(le)(le)后(hou)，侯(hou)先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)便(bian)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)贵客。
侯先生对公(gong)子(zi)说：“我所拜访的(de)屠夫(fu)(fu)朱(zhu)亥(hai)，是(shi)(shi)个贤能的(de)人，只是(shi)(shi)人们都不了(le)解他，所以(yi)隐没在屠夫(fu)(fu)中罢了(le)。”公(gong)子(zi)曾多(duo)次(ci)前往拜见朱(zhu)亥(hai)，朱(zhu)亥(hai)故意(yi)不回拜答(da)谢，公(gong)子(zi)觉(jue)得这个人很(hen)奇怪。
魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安厘王(wang)(wang)二(er)十年(nian)（前257），秦(qin)昭王(wang)(wang)已经(jing)在(zai)(zai)长平(ping)大败赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)军(jun)队(dui)(dui)，接着(zhe)进(jin)(jin)兵(bing)围攻邯郸。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)的(de)姐(jie)姐(jie)是(shi)(shi)赵(zhao)惠文王(wang)(wang)弟弟平(ping)原君的(de)夫(fu)人(ren)，多次给魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)和(he)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)送信来，向魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)请(qing)求救(jiu)兵(bing)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)派将军(jun)晋鄙(bi)带(dai)领(ling)十万之(zhi)众的(de)部队(dui)(dui)去救(jiu)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)。秦(qin)昭王(wang)(wang)得(de)知(zhi)这个消(xiao)息(xi)后就派使(shi)臣告诫魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)说：“我就要攻下赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)了(le)，这只是(shi)(shi)早晚(wan)的(de)事(shi)，诸侯中有谁(shei)敢救(jiu)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)的(de)，拿(na)下赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)后，一(yi)定调(diao)兵(bing)先攻打它。”魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)很害(hai)怕，就派人(ren)阻(zu)止晋鄙(bi)不(bu)要再(zai)(zai)进(jin)(jin)军(jun)了(le)，把军(jun)队(dui)(dui)留在(zai)(zai)邺城扎营驻守(shou)，名义(yi)上是(shi)(shi)救(jiu)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)，实际(ji)上是(shi)(shi)采取两面倒的(de)策略(lve)来观望形势的(de)发展(zhan)。平(ping)原君使(shi)臣的(de)车子(zi)连(lian)续不(bu)断地到魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)来，频(pin)频(pin)告急，责备魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)说：“我赵(zhao)胜(sheng)之(zhi)所(suo)以(yi)自(zi)愿依托魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)跟魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)联姻结亲，就是(shi)(shi)因为公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)的(de)道(dao)义(yi)高(gao)尚(shang)，能(neng)热(re)心帮(bang)助别人(ren)摆脱危难(nan)。如今(jin)邯郸危在(zai)(zai)旦夕(xi)，早晚(wan)就要投(tou)降秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)，可是(shi)(shi)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)救(jiu)兵(bing)至今(jin)不(bu)来，公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)能(neng)帮(bang)助别人(ren)摆脱危难(nan)又表现在(zai)(zai)哪里(li)！再(zai)(zai)说公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)即(ji)使(shi)不(bu)把我赵(zhao)胜(sheng)看在(zai)(zai)眼里(li)，抛弃我让(rang)我投(tou)降秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)，难(nan)道(dao)就不(bu)可怜你的(de)姐(jie)姐(jie)吗？”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)为这件事(shi)忧虑万分，屡次请(qing)求魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)赶快出兵(bing)，又让(rang)宾客辩士们千方百计地劝说魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)由于害(hai)怕秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)，始终不(bu)肯听从公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)的(de)意见(jian)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)估计终究不(bu)能(neng)征得(de)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)同意出兵(bing)了(le)，就决(jue)计不(bu)能(neng)自(zi)己(ji)活(huo)着(zhe)而(er)让(rang)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)灭亡，于是(shi)(shi)请(qing)来宾客，凑(cou)集(ji)了(le)战车一(yi)百多辆，打算带(dai)着(zhe)宾客赶到 战场上去同秦(qin)军(jun)拼一(yi)死命，与赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)人(ren)一(yi)起死难(nan)。
公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)带着(zhe)车队走过东(dong)门(men)时，去见侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)，把(ba)打算同秦(qin)(qin)军拼一(yi)死(si)(si)(si)命(ming)的(de)(de)(de)(de)情况全(quan)都(dou)告诉(su)了(le)(le)(le)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)。然(ran)后(hou)向侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)诀别准备(bei)上路(lu)，行前侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)努力干吧(ba)，老臣我(wo)(wo)(wo)不能随(sui)行。”公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)走了(le)(le)(le)几(ji)里路(lu)，心(xin)(xin)里不痛快，自(zi)语道(dao)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)对待(dai)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)算是(shi)够周到的(de)(de)(de)(de)了(le)(le)(le)，天(tian)下无(wu)人(ren)不晓(xiao)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)今我(wo)(wo)(wo)将要死(si)(si)(si)难(nan)可是(shi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)竟(jing)没有(you)一(yi)言半语来送我(wo)(wo)(wo)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)难(nan)道(dao)对待(dai)他有(you)闪失(shi)吗？”于是(shi)又赶着(zhe)车子(zi)(zi)(zi)返回(hui)来，想问(wen)问(wen)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)。侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)一(yi)见公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)便笑着(zhe)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)本来就知道(dao)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)会回(hui)来的(de)(de)(de)(de)。”又接着(zhe)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)好客(ke)爱士，闻名天(tian)下。如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)今有(you)了(le)(le)(le)危难(nan)，想要去到秦(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)军队（同他作战(zhan)）就像(xiang)把(ba)肉(rou)扔给饥饿的(de)(de)(de)(de)老虎，有(you)什(shen)么(me)作用呢(ni)？如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)果这(zhei)样的(de)(de)(de)(de)话，还用我(wo)(wo)(wo)们这(zhei)些(xie)宾客(ke)干什(shen)么(me)呢(ni)？公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)待(dai)我(wo)(wo)(wo)情深意厚，公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)前往(wang)可是(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)不送行，因此知道(dao)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)恼(nao)恨我(wo)(wo)(wo)会返回(hui)来的(de)(de)(de)(de)。”公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)连着(zhe)两次(ci)向侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)拜礼(li)，进(jin)而(er)问(wen)对策。侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)就让旁人(ren)离(li)开，同公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)秘密交谈，说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)晋(jin)鄙的(de)(de)(de)(de)兵符(fu)经(jing)常(chang)放在(zai)魏(wei)王的(de)(de)(de)(de)卧室内(nei)，在(zai)妻(qi)妾中如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)最受宠爱，她(ta)出(chu)入(ru)魏(wei)王的(de)(de)(de)(de)卧室很随(sui)便，只要尽(jin)力是(shi)能偷(tou)出(chu)兵符(fu)来的(de)(de)(de)(de)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)还听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)父(fu)亲被人(ren)杀死(si)(si)(si)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)报仇雪(xue)恨的(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)志积(ji)蓄了(le)(le)(le)三(san)年之久，从(cong)魏(wei)王以(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)群臣左右都(dou)想为如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)报仇，但没能如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)愿。为此，如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)曾(ceng)对公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)哭诉(su)，公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)派门(men)客(ke)斩了(le)(le)(le)那(nei)个仇人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)头(tou)，恭敬地献(xian)给如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)。如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)要为公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)效命(ming)而(er)死(si)(si)(si)，是(shi)在(zai)所不辞的(de)(de)(de)(de)，只是(shi)没有(you)行动的(de)(de)(de)(de)机(ji)会罢了(le)(le)(le)。公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)果真(zhen)一(yi)开口请求如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)帮(bang)(bang)忙，如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)必(bi)定答应，那(nei)么(me)就能得(de)到虎符(fu)而(er)夺了(le)(le)(le)晋(jin)鄙的(de)(de)(de)(de)军权(quan)，北边可救赵国(guo)，西边能抵御(yu)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)，这(zhei)是(shi)春秋五霸的(de)(de)(de)(de)功业啊。”公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)听(ting)从(cong)了(le)(le)(le)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)嬴的(de)(de)(de)(de)计策，请求如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)帮(bang)(bang)忙。如(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)姬(ji)(ji)(ji)果然(ran)盗(dao)出(chu)晋(jin)鄙的(de)(de)(de)(de)兵符(fu)交给了(le)(le)(le)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)拿到了(le)(le)兵(bing)符(fu)准备上路，侯先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)说(shuo)：“将帅在外作战时(shi)，有(you)机断处置的(de)权力，国君的(de)命(ming)令(ling)有(you)的(de)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)接受，以(yi)有(you)利于国家。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)到那里即使两符(fu)相合(he)，验明无误，可(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)晋(jin)鄙仍(reng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)交给(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)兵(bing)权反而(er)再请示(shi)魏王，那么(me)事情就(jiu)(jiu)危险了(le)(le)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)的(de)朋友屠夫(fu)朱(zhu)亥(hai)(hai)(hai)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)跟您(nin)一(yi)起前(qian)往(wang)，这个(ge)人是(shi)(shi)个(ge)大力士。如(ru)果晋(jin)鄙听从，那是(shi)(shi)再好不(bu)(bu)(bu)过了(le)(le)；如(ru)果他(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)听从，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)让朱(zhu)亥(hai)(hai)(hai)击杀(sha)他(ta)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)听了(le)(le)这些话后，便哭(ku)(ku)(ku)了(le)(le)。侯先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)见状便问(wen)道：“公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)害怕死呀？为(wei)什么(me)哭(ku)(ku)(ku)呢？”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)回答(da)说(shuo)：“晋(jin)鄙是(shi)(shi)魏国勇猛(meng)强悍(han)、富有(you)经验的(de)老将，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)去(qu)他(ta)那里恐怕他(ta)不(bu)(bu)(bu)会听从命(ming)令(ling)，必定要杀(sha)死他(ta)，因此我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)难过地哭(ku)(ku)(ku)了(le)(le)，哪里是(shi)(shi)怕死呢？”于是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)去(qu)请求朱(zhu)亥(hai)(hai)(hai)一(yi)同前(qian)往(wang)。朱(zhu)亥(hai)(hai)(hai)笑着说(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)只是(shi)(shi)个(ge)市(shi)场上击刀杀(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)屠夫(fu)，可(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)竟多次登(deng)门(men)问(wen)候我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)之所以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)回拜答(da)谢您(nin)，是(shi)(shi)因为(wei)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)认为(wei)小礼小节没什么(me)用处。如(ru)今公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)有(you)了(le)(le)急难，这就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)为(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)杀(sha)身效(xiao)命(ming)的(de)时(shi)候了(le)(le)。”就(jiu)(jiu)与公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)一(yi)起上路了(le)(le)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)去(qu)向(xiang)侯先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)辞行(xing)。侯先(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)说(shuo)：“我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)本应随您(nin)一(yi)起去(qu)，可(ke)(ke)是(shi)(shi)老了(le)(le)心有(you)余力不(bu)(bu)(bu)足(zu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能成(cheng)行(xing)。请允许我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)计算您(nin)行(xing)程的(de)日(ri)期，您(nin)到达晋(jin)鄙军部的(de)那一(yi)天，我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)面(mian)向(xiang)北刎颈(jing)而(er)死，来表达我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)为(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)送行(xing)的(de)一(yi)片忠心。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)于是(shi)(shi)上路出发。
到(dao)了(le)邺城，公子(zi)(zi)(zi)拿出兵符假传魏王(wang)命令(ling)代替(ti)晋(jin)鄙(bi)担(dan)任(ren)将领。晋(jin)鄙(bi)合了(le)兵符，验证无误，但还(hai)是(shi)怀(huai)疑这(zhei)件事，就举着(zhe)手盯着(zhe)公子(zi)(zi)(zi)说：“如今我统帅(shuai)(shuai)着(zhe)十(shi)(shi)万(wan)之众的(de)(de)(de)大军(jun)，驻扎在(zai)边境(jing)上，这(zhei)是(shi)关系到(dao)国(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)命运的(de)(de)(de)重任(ren)，今天你只(zhi)身一(yi)(yi)人(ren)来代替(ti)我，这(zhei)是(shi)怎么(me)回事呢(ni)？”正要拒绝接受命令(ling)。这(zhei)时(shi)(shi)朱亥取出藏在(zai)衣袖里的(de)(de)(de)四十(shi)(shi)斤铁(tie)椎，一(yi)(yi)椎击死了(le)晋(jin)鄙(bi)，公子(zi)(zi)(zi)于(yu)是(shi)统帅(shuai)(shuai)了(le)晋(jin)鄙(bi)的(de)(de)(de)军(jun)队。然后整(zheng)顿部队，向(xiang)军(jun)中下(xia)令(ling)说：“父子(zi)(zi)(zi)都在(zai)军(jun)队里的(de)(de)(de)，父亲(qin)回家(jia)(jia)；兄(xiong)弟同在(zai)军(jun)队里的(de)(de)(de)，长兄(xiong)回家(jia)(jia)；没有兄(xiong)弟的(de)(de)(de)独(du)生(sheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，回家(jia)(jia)去(qu)奉养双(shuang)亲(qin)。”经过整(zheng)顿选拔，得(de)到(dao)精兵八(ba)万(wan)人(ren)。开(kai)跋前(qian)线攻击秦军(jun)。秦军(jun)解围(wei)撤离(li)而去(qu)，于(yu)是(shi)邯郸得(de)救，保住了(le)赵国(guo)(guo)。赵王(wang)和平(ping)原(yuan)君(jun)到(dao)郊界来迎接公子(zi)(zi)(zi)。平(ping)原(yuan)君(jun)替(ti)公子(zi)(zi)(zi)背着(zhe)盛满箭支的(de)(de)(de)囊(nang)袋(dai)走(zou)在(zai)前(qian)面(mian)引路(lu)。赵王(wang)连着(zhe)两次拜谢说：“自古以来的(de)(de)(de)贤(xian)人(ren)没有一(yi)(yi)个赶上公子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)。”在(zai)这(zhei)个时(shi)(shi)候(hou)，平(ping)原(yuan)君(jun)不敢再拿自己跟别人(ren)相比了(le)。公子(zi)(zi)(zi)与侯先(xian)生(sheng)诀别之后，在(zai)到(dao)达邺城军(jun)营的(de)(de)(de)那(nei)一(yi)(yi)天，侯先(xian)生(sheng)果然面(mian)向(xiang)北刎(wen)颈而死。
魏(wei)王恼怒公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)盗出(chu)了(le)他(ta)的(de)(de)兵(bing)符，假传君令击杀晋(jin)鄙(bi)，这(zhei)一(yi)点公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)是(shi)(shi)明知的(de)(de)。所以(yi)在(zai)打退秦军拯(zheng)救赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)之后，就(jiu)让部将带着(zhe)部队返(fan)回魏(wei)国(guo)去，而公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)己和他(ta)的(de)(de)门(men)客(ke)(ke)就(jiu)留(liu)在(zai)了(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)。赵(zhao)(zhao)孝成王感激公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)假托君命夺(duo)(duo)取晋(jin)鄙(bi)军权(quan)从而保住了(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)这(zhei)一(yi)义举，就(jiu)与平原(yuan)君商量，把(ba)五(wu)座城邑(yi)(yi)封(feng)赏给(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)听到这(zhei)个消息后，产生了(le)骄(jiao)傲自(zi)大的(de)(de)情(qing)绪，露(lu)出(chu)了(le)居功(gong)自(zi)满的(de)(de)神色。门(men)客(ke)(ke)中(zhong)有个人(ren)(ren)劝说公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)道：“事(shi)物有不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)忘记的(de)(de)，也(ye)(ye)有不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)忘记的(de)(de)。别人(ren)(ren)对公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有恩德，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)忘记；公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)对别人(ren)(ren)有恩德，希望公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)忘掉它。况且假托魏(wei)王命令，夺(duo)(duo)取晋(jin)鄙(bi)兵(bing)权(quan)去救赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)，这(zhei)对赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)来(lai)说算是(shi)(shi)有功(gong)劳了(le)，但对魏(wei)国(guo)来(lai)说那就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)算忠臣了(le)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)却因此自(zi)以(yi)为有功(gong)，觉得了(le)不(bu)(bu)起，我私下认为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)实在(zai)不(bu)(bu)应该(gai)。”公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)听后，立刻(ke)责(ze)备自(zi)己，好(hao)像无(wu)地自(zi)容一(yi)样(yang)。赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)召开(kai)(kai)盛大欢迎宴(yan)会，赵(zhao)(zhao)王打扫了(le)殿(dian)堂(tang)(tang)台阶(jie)，亲自(zi)到门(men)口(kou)迎接贵客(ke)(ke)，并执行主人(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)礼节，领着(zhe)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)走进殿(dian)堂(tang)(tang)的(de)(de)西(xi)边(bian)台阶(jie)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)则(ze)侧(ce)着(zhe)身(shen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)走一(yi)再推(tui)辞谦让，并主动从东(dong)边(bian)的(de)(de)台阶(jie)升堂(tang)(tang)。宴(yan)会上(shang)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)称说自(zi)己有罪，对不(bu)(bu)起魏(wei)国(guo)，于(yu)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)也(ye)(ye)无(wu)功(gong)劳可(ke)(ke)(ke)言。赵(zhao)(zhao)王陪着(zhe)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)饮酒直到傍晚，始(shi)终(zhong)不(bu)(bu)好(hao)意(yi)思开(kai)(kai)口(kou)谈封(feng)献(xian)五(wu)座城邑(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)事(shi)，因为公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)总是(shi)(shi)在(zai)谦让自(zi)责(ze)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)终(zhong)于(yu)留(liu)在(zai)了(le)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)。赵(zhao)(zhao)王把(ba)鄗（hao，耗(hao)）邑(yi)(yi)封(feng)赏给(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，这(zhei)时魏(wei)王也(ye)(ye)把(ba)信(xin)陵邑(yi)(yi)又奉(feng)还给(ji)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)仍(reng)留(liu)在(zai)赵(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)。
公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)赵(zhao)国有两(liang)个有才有德(de)而没有从(cong)政的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，一个是(shi)(shi)毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藏(zang)身于(yu)赌(du)徒(tu)中，一个是(shi)(shi)薛公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藏(zang)身在酒店里(li)，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)很想见见这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)两(liang)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，可是(shi)(shi)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)两(liang)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)躲了(le)(le)起来不肯见公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)打听(ting)到他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)藏(zang)身地(di)址(zhi)，就(jiu)(jiu)悄悄地(di)步行去(qu)(qu)同这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)两(liang)个交(jiao)往，彼此都(dou)(dou)以相识为(wei)乐事，很是(shi)(shi)高(gao)兴(xing)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)知道了(le)(le)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)个情况，就(jiu)(jiu)对他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“当(dang)初我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)弟(di)弟(di)魏(wei)(wei)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)个举(ju)(ju)世无双的(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)贤人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，如(ru)今我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)竟然(ran)胡来，跟那(nei)伙赌(du)徒(tu)、酒店伙计(ji)交(jiao)往，公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)只是(shi)(shi)个无知妄为(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)罢了(le)(le)。”平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)把(ba)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)些(xie)话(hua)告(gao)诉了(le)(le)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)听(ting)后就(jiu)(jiu)向夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)告(gao)辞准备离(li)(li)开这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)里(li)，说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)：“以前(qian)我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)贤德(de)，所(suo)以背(bei)弃(qi)魏(wei)(wei)王而救赵(zhao)国，满(man)足(zu)了(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)。现在才知道平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)与(yu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)交(jiao)往，只是(shi)(shi)显示富贵的(de)(de)(de)(de)豪放举(ju)(ju)动罢了(le)(le)，他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)不是(shi)(shi)求(qiu)取贤士(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才啊。我(wo)(wo)(wo)从(cong)在大(da)梁时(shi)，就(jiu)(jiu)常常听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)两(liang)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)贤能有才，到了(le)(le)赵(zhao)国，我(wo)(wo)(wo)惟恐(kong)不能见到他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)。拿我(wo)(wo)(wo)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)跟他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)交(jiao)往，还怕他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)不要我(wo)(wo)(wo)呢(ni)，现在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)竟然(ran)把(ba)跟他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)们(men)交(jiao)往看作是(shi)(shi)羞辱，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)个人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)不值(zhi)得(de)结交(jiao)。”于(yu)是(shi)(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)整理(li)行装(zhuang)准备离(li)(li)去(qu)(qu)。夫(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)把(ba)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)话(hua)全都(dou)(dou)告(gao)诉了(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)听(ting)了(le)(le)自感惭(can)愧便去(qu)(qu)向公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)脱帽谢罪(zui)，坚决地(di)把(ba)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)挽留下(xia)来。平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)门(men)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宾客(ke)(ke)们(men)听(ting)到这(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)(zhei)件(jian)事，有一半人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)离(li)(li)开了(le)(le)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)归附(fu)于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，天下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也都(dou)(dou)去(qu)(qu)投靠(kao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，归附(fu)在他(ta)(ta)(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)门(men)下(xia)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)使平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)原(yuan)(yuan)君(jun)(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)宾客(ke)(ke)仰慕而尽(jin)都(dou)(dou)到公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)门(men)下(xia)来。
公(gong)子留在(zai)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)十年不回(hui)(hui)(hui)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)听(ting)说公(gong)子留在(zai)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，就日夜(ye)不停地发兵向东进(jin)攻魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)为此事焦虑(lv)万分，就派使臣(chen)去请公(gong)子回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。公(gong)子仍担心魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)恼怒自己，就告诫(jie)门下宾(bin)客(ke)说：“有敢(gan)替(ti)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)使臣(chen)通报传达(da)的(de)，处死。”由于宾(bin)客(ke)们都是背弃(qi)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)来到赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)，所(suo)以(yi)没谁敢(gan)劝公(gong)子回(hui)(hui)(hui)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。这时，毛公(gong)和薛公(gong)两人(ren)去见公(gong)子说：“公(gong)子所(suo)以(yi)在(zai)赵(zhao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)受到尊重，名扬诸侯，只是因(yin)为有魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)存在(zai)啊(a)。现在(zai)秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)进(jin)攻魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)危急而公(gong)子毫(hao)不顾念(nian)，假(jia)使秦(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻破大梁而把(ba)您先祖的(de)宗庙夷平，公(gong)子还有什么(me)脸面活在(zai)世(shi)上呢？”话(hua)还没说完(wan)，公(gong)子脸色立即变了，嘱(zhu)咐车(che)夫赶快套车(che)回(hui)(hui)(hui)去救魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。
魏王见到公(gong)(gong)子(zi)，两人不禁相(xiang)对落泪(lei)，魏王把上(shang)将军大印授给公(gong)(gong)子(zi)，公(gong)(gong)子(zi)便正式担任了上(shang)将军这个统帅军队的(de)最(zui)高职务。
魏安厘王三十年（前247），公(gong)子(zi)(zi)派(pai)使臣把(ba)自(zi)己(ji)担任上(shang)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)职务(wu)一事通报给各(ge)个(ge)诸(zhu)侯国(guo)。诸(zhu)侯们(men)得(de)知公(gong)子(zi)(zi)担任了上(shang)将(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)，都各(ge)自(zi)调(diao)兵(bing)(bing)遣将(jiang)(jiang)救援魏国(guo)。公(gong)子(zi)(zi)率(lv)领五(wu)个(ge)诸(zhu)侯国(guo)的(de)军(jun)队(dui)在黄河以(yi)南地区把(ba)秦军(jun)打得(de)大败，使秦将(jiang)(jiang)蒙骜败逃。进(jin)而乘胜(sheng)追击(ji)直到函谷关，把(ba)秦军(jun)压在函谷关内，使他们(men)不敢再出(chu)关。当时，公(gong)子(zi)(zi)的(de)声威震动天下，各(ge)诸(zhu)侯国(guo)来的(de)宾客(ke)都进(jin)献兵(bing)(bing)法，公(gong)子(zi)(zi)把(ba)它们(men)合在一起签(qian)上(shang)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)名字，所以(yi)世上(shang)俗称《魏公(gong)子(zi)(zi)兵(bing)(bing)法》。
秦(qin)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)担(dan)忧公(gong)子(zi)(zi)将进一步威(wei)胁秦(qin)国(guo)，就(jiu)(jiu)使(shi)用了(le)万(wan)斤黄金到魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)行贿，寻找晋鄙原来的(de)(de)那些门(men)客(ke)，让他们(men)在(zai)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)面(mian)前进谗言说：“公(gong)子(zi)(zi)流亡在(zai)外十(shi)年(nian)了(le)，现在(zai)担(dan)任魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)大(da)将，诸侯(hou)(hou)国(guo)的(de)(de)将领都归(gui)他指(zhi)挥，诸侯(hou)(hou)们(men)只知(zhi)道(dao)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)有(you)个(ge)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)公(gong)子(zi)(zi)，不知(zhi)道(dao)还(hai)有(you)个(ge)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。公(gong)子(zi)(zi)也要乘这个(ge)时机决定称(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。诸侯(hou)(hou)们(men)害怕公(gong)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)权势(shi)声(sheng)威(wei)，正打(da)算共(gong)同出面(mian)拥立(li)他为王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)呢(ni)。”秦(qin)国(guo)又多次(ci)实行反间(jian)，利用在(zai)秦(qin)国(guo)的(de)(de)魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)间(jian)谍，假装不知(zhi)情地请他们(men)向公(gong)子(zi)(zi)祝贺问(wen)是(shi)否已经(jing)立(li)为魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)了(le)。魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)天天听到这些毁谤公(gong)子(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)话，不能不信以为真，后来果(guo)然(ran)派人代替公(gong)子(zi)(zi)担(dan)任上将军。公(gong)子(zi)(zi)自己明知(zhi)这是(shi)又一次(ci)因毁谤而被废黜，于是(shi)就(jiu)(jiu)推托有(you)病不上朝了(le)，他在(zai)家里与宾客(ke)们(men)通宵达旦地宴饮(yin)，痛(tong)饮(yin)烈性酒，常(chang)跟(gen)女人厮混，这样(yang)日日夜夜寻欢作乐(le)度(du)过(guo)了(le)四年(nian)，终(zhong)于因饮(yin)酒无度(du)患病死亡，这一年(nian)，魏(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)安厘王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也去世了(le)。
秦王(wang)得到公子已死的(de)消(xiao)息，就派(pai)蒙(meng)骜(ao)进攻魏国(guo)，攻占(zhan)了二十(shi)座城邑(yi)，开始设立东郡。从此(ci)以后(hou)，秦国(guo)逐(zhu)渐(jian)地像蚕食桑(sang)叶一样侵占(zhan)魏国(guo)领土，过了十(shi)八(ba)年(nian)便(bian)俘虏了魏王(wang)假，屠(tu)杀大梁军民，毁掉了这座都(dou)城。
汉(han)高祖(zu)(zu)当初地位低贱时，就多(duo)次听别(bie)人说(shuo)魏公子贤德有才。等到他即位做了皇帝后，每次经过大梁，常常去祭祀(si)公子。汉(han)高祖(zu)(zu)十(shi)二(er)年（前195），他从击败叛(pan)将黥布的前线(xian)归来，经过大梁时为公子安置了五户人家，专门看守(shou)他的坟墓，让他们(men)世(shi)世(shi)代代每年按四季(ji)祭祀(si)公子。
太史公(gong)说(shuo)：我经(jing)过(guo)(guo)大(da)梁(liang)(liang)废(fei)墟时(shi)，曾(ceng)寻访那(nei)个(ge)所谓(wei)的(de)(de)夷(yi)门(men)。原(yuan)来夷(yi)门(men)就是(shi)大(da)梁(liang)(liang)城(cheng)的(de)(de)东门(men)。天下诸多(duo)公(gong)子中(zhong)也(ye)确有(you)好(hao)客喜士的(de)(de)，但只(zhi)有(you)信陵君能够(gou)交(jiao)结(jie)那(nei)些隐没在社会各个(ge)角落的(de)(de)人(ren)物，他(ta)(ta)不以(yi)交(jiao)结(jie)下层贱民为耻辱，是(shi)很有(you)道理(li)的(de)(de)。他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)名声(sheng)远远超过(guo)(guo)诸侯，的(de)(de)确不是(shi)虚(xu)传。因(yin)此，高祖每(mei)次经(jing)过(guo)(guo)大(da)梁(liang)(liang)便命令百姓祭祀他(ta)(ta)不能断绝(jue)。
说明
魏(wei)公子(zi)即信陵君(jun)，是(shi)“战国(guo)四公子(zi)”之一。他名冠(guan)诸(zhu)侯，声震天下，其(qi)才德远(yuan)远(yuan)超过(guo)齐之孟(meng)尝、赵之平原、楚之春申，《魏(wei)公子(zi)列传(chuan)》便是(shi)司马迁倾注(zhu)了高度热情为信陵君(jun)所(suo)立的一篇专传(chuan)。
传中(zhong)详(xiang)细地(di)叙述了(le)信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)从保(bao)存魏(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)发，屈尊(zun)求贤(xian)，不耻(chi)下(xia)(xia)交(jiao)(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)一系列活动，如(ru)驾车虚左亲自迎接门役(yi)侯嬴(ying)于大(da)庭广众之中(zhong)，多次卑身拜访屠夫朱亥以及秘密(mi)结交(jiao)(jiao)赌徒(tu)毛公(gong)、卖(mai)浆者(zhe)(zhe)薛公(gong)等；着重(zhong)记写(xie)了(le)他在这(zhei)些“岩穴(xue)隐者(zhe)(zhe)”的(de)(de)(de)鼎(ding)力相助下(xia)(xia)，不顾个人安危(wei)，不谋(mou)一己之利，挺身而(er)出(chu)完成“窃符救赵”和“却秦存魏(wei)(wei)”的(de)(de)(de)历(li)史大(da)业。从而(er)，歌颂(song)(song)了(le)信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)心系魏(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)，礼贤(xian)下(xia)(xia)士，救人于危(wei)难之中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)思(si)想品质。这(zhei)也是(shi)(shi)本传的(de)(de)(de)主旨所在。诚如(ru)《太史公(gong)自序》所言，“能(neng)(neng)以富贵下(xia)(xia)贫贱，贤(xian)能(neng)(neng)诎于不肖，唯信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)为能(neng)(neng)行(xing)之”。值得注意的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，传中(zhong)以大(da)量(liang)笔墨描写(xie)了(le)下(xia)(xia)层社会的(de)(de)(de)几个人物(wu)（也可以看作是(shi)(shi)附传），特(te)别是(shi)(shi)门役(yi)侯嬴(ying)，他身处市井心怀魏(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)，才智远非那般王侯公(gong)卿所能(neng)(neng)比。如(ru)果说(shuo)，信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)在历(li)史舞台上演(yan)出(chu)了(le)一幕(mu)“窃符救赵”的(de)(de)(de)壮举而(er)为人们(men)所称(cheng)颂(song)(song)的(de)(de)(de)话；那么，门役(yi)侯嬴(ying)则(ze)是(shi)(shi)这(zhei)幕(mu)壮举的(de)(de)(de)总导演(yan)，他更(geng)令人敬佩(pei)、景(jing)仰。这(zhei)反(fan)映了(le)司(si)马迁重(zhong)视人民(min)群众力量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)进步历(li)史观。信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)的(de)(de)(de)结局是(shi)(shi)不幸的(de)(de)(de)，他才高(gao)遭嫉，竟被(bei)魏(wei)(wei)王废黜(chu)，以致沉(chen)湎(mian)酒色，终因“病酒”而(er)死。这(zhei)既真实地(di)揭示了(le)信(xin)陵君(jun)(jun)思(si)想性(xing)格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)弱点，更(geng)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)揭露了(le)最高(gao)统治者(zhe)(zhe)嫉贤(xian)妒(du)能(neng)(neng)，打击忠良(liang)的(de)(de)(de)丑恶行(xing)径，可以说(shuo)反(fan)映了(le)那个时代的(de)(de)(de)某种带有规(gui)律性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)东西(xi)。
这(zhei)(zhei)是一(yi)(yi)篇出色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)传记(ji)文(wen)学作(zuo)品(pin)。叙(xu)(xu)事(shi)精于(yu)选材，信陵(ling)君(jun)门客三千(qian)，才干非凡，一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)动千(qian)头万绪，作(zuo)者着眼于(yu)突(tu)出传旨(zhi)，选择了“窃符救(jiu)赵(zhao)”这(zhei)(zhei)一(yi)(yi)重大历(li)(li)史(shi)事(shi)件作(zuo)为叙(xu)(xu)事(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin)，并围(wei)绕这(zhei)(zhei)个(ge)中(zhong)心(xin)组织材料，从而将其一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)诸多(duo)方面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)动凝聚(ju)起来(lai)，既突(tu)出了信陵(ling)君(jun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)思想性(xing)格(ge)，又(you)反映(ying)了历(li)(li)史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真实面(mian)(mian)貌，使(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)们在(zai)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活(huo)(huo)动中(zhong)看到历(li)(li)史(shi)，在(zai)历(li)(li)史(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)发展中(zhong)了解人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)，把人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)、历(li)(li)史(shi)都写活(huo)(huo)了。刻画(hua)(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)性(xing)格(ge)，手法(fa)多(duo)样，如刻画(hua)(hua)信陵(ling)君(jun)礼贤下士的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品(pin)格(ge)，有对人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)言(yan)行(xing)心(xin)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直接描(miao)绘，也(ye)有借助周围(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)对比烘(hong)托(tuo)。细节(jie)描(miao)写也(ye)相当成(cheng)功，如写晋鄙合符验证后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)怀疑心(xin)理(li)时用“举手视(shi)公子”几个(ge)字加以刻画(hua)(hua)，一(yi)(yi)个(ge)动作(zuo)、一(yi)(yi)个(ge)眼神(shen)便(bian)把一(yi)(yi)位(wei)嚄宿(su)将当时当地惊奇、自信、决不轻易交出兵权的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)神(shen)态活(huo)(huo)灵(ling)活(huo)(huo)现的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呈现在(zai)读者面(mian)(mian)前，可谓(wei)神(shen)来(lai)之笔(bi)。
通篇(pian)洋溢着作者对信(xin)陵(ling)君(jun)的敬慕(mu)、赞叹和惋惜的感情，不独篇(pian)名直呼“公(gong)子(zi)(zi)”，就是(shi)文(wen)(wen)中(zhong)称“公(gong)子(zi)(zi)”即有(you)一(yi)百四十七次，所谓“无限唱叹，无限低徊”。茅坤说：“信(xin)陵(ling)君(jun)是(shi)太史(shi)公(gong)胸(xiong)中(zhong)得意人，故本传亦太史(shi)公(gong)得意文(wen)(wen)。”（《史(shi)记钞》）可算是(shi)知言了。
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