列(lie)传(chuan)第(di)二十四 萧济 陆琼(qiong) 子(zi)从典 顾野王 傅縡 章华
萧济,字(zi)孝康,东海兰陵(ling)人也。少好学,博通经(jing)史,谘梁(liang)武帝《左氏》疑(yi)义三十馀条,尚书(shu)仆射范阳张缵、太(tai)常卿南阳刘之遴并与(yu)济讨论(lun),缵等莫能抗对。解褐梁(liang)秘(mi)书(shu)郎,迁太(tai)子舍(she)人。预(yu)平侯(hou)景之功(gong),封(feng)松阳县(xian)侯(hou),邑五百户(hu)。
及高(gao)祖作镇徐方,以济(ji)(ji)为(wei)明威(wei)将军、征北长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi)。承圣二年,征为(wei)中书侍(shi)(shi)郎,转通直散(san)骑常侍(shi)(shi)。世祖为(wei)会稽太(tai)守(shou),又以济(ji)(ji)为(wei)宣毅府(fu)长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi),迁司徒(tu)(tu)左长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi)。世祖即位,授(shou)侍(shi)(shi)中。寻(xun)迁太(tai)府(fu)卿,丁所生(sheng)母忧,不拜(bai)。济(ji)(ji)毘佐(zuo)二主(zhu),恩遇甚(shen)笃,赏赐加(jia)于凡等。历守(shou)兰(lan)陵(ling)、阳羡(xian)、临津、临安等郡(jun),所在(zai)皆著声绩(ji)。太(tai)建(jian)初,入为(wei)五兵尚书,与左仆(pu)射徐陵(ling)、特进周(zhou)弘正、度(du)(du)支尚书王瑒、散(san)骑常侍(shi)(shi)袁宪俱(ju)侍(shi)(shi)东(dong)宫。复为(wei)司徒(tu)(tu)长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi)。寻(xun)授(shou)度(du)(du)支尚书,领羽(yu)林监(jian)。迁国子祭(ji)酒,领羽(yu)林如(ru)故。加(jia)金紫光禄大夫,兼(jian)安德宫卫尉。寻(xun)迁仁威(wei)将军、扬州(zhou)长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi)。高(gao)宗尝(chang)敕取扬州(zhou)曹(cao)事,躬自省览(lan),见济(ji)(ji)条理详悉,文无滞害(hai),乃顾谓左右曰:“我(wo)本(ben)期萧长(zhang)(zhang)史(shi)长(zhang)(zhang)于经(jing)传,不言精(jing)练繁剧(ju),乃至于此。” 迁祠部尚书,加(jia)给事中,复为(wei)金紫光禄大夫。未(wei)拜(bai)而卒(zu),时年六十六。诏(zhao)赠(zeng)本(ben)官(guan),官(guan)给丧事。
陆琼,字伯玉,吴(wu)郡吴(wu)人也。祖(zu)完,梁琅邪、彭城二郡丞。父(fu)云公,梁给事黄(huang)门(men)侍郎,掌著作(zuo)。琼幼聪惠有(you)思理(li),六岁为(wei)(wei)五言诗,颇有(you)词采。大同末,云公受(shou)梁武(wu)帝诏校定《棋品》,到溉、硃(zhu)异以下并集。琼时年八岁,于客(ke)前覆局,由是(shi)京师号曰神童。异言之(zhi)武(wu)帝,有(you)敕召见,琼风神警亮,进(jin)退详审,帝甚异之(zhi)。十一,丁(ding)父(fu)忧,毁瘠有(you)至性,从(cong)祖(zu)襄(xiang)叹曰:“此儿(er)必荷(he)门(men)基,所谓(wei)一不为(wei)(wei)少。”及(ji)侯景作(zuo)逆(ni),携(xie)母避地(di)于县(xian)之(zhi)西乡,勤苦读书,昼夜(ye)无怠,遂博学,善(shan)属文。
永定中,州(zhou)举秀才。天嘉(jia)元(yuan)年,为宁远始兴王府法(fa)曹行参(can)军。寻以本官(guan)(guan)兼(jian)尚(shang)(shang)书外兵郎(lang),以文(wen)学转兼(jian)殿中郎(lang),满(man)岁(sui)为真(zhen)。琼(qiong)(qiong)素有令名,深为世祖所(suo)赏(shang)。及讨周迪、陈(chen)宝应(ying)等(deng),都(dou)官(guan)(guan)符(fu)及诸(zhu)大(da)手笔(bi),并中敕付琼(qiong)(qiong)。迁新安王文(wen)学,掌东宫管(guan)记。及高(gao)宗为司(si)徒,妙简僚(liao)佐(zuo),吏部尚(shang)(shang)书徐陵荐琼(qiong)(qiong)于(yu)高(gao)宗曰:“新安王文(wen)学陆琼(qiong)(qiong),见(jian)识优敏,文(wen)史足用(yong),进居郎(lang)署,岁(sui)月过淹(yan),左西掾(yuan)缺,允(yun)膺兹选,阶次小逾,其(qi)屈滞已积(ji)。” 乃除司(si)徒左西掾(yuan)。寻兼(jian)通(tong)直散骑常侍,聘齐(qi)。
太建元(yuan)年(nian)(nian),重以(yi)本官掌东宫管记(ji)。除太子庶(shu)子,兼(jian)通(tong)事(shi)舍人。转中(zhong)书侍郎、太子家令(ling)。长沙王为江(jiang)州(zhou)刺史,不循法度,高宗以(yi)王年(nian)(nian)少,授琼长史,行(xing)江(jiang)州(zhou)府国事(shi),带寻阳太守。琼以(yi)母(mu)老,不欲远出,太子亦固请留之,遂不行(xing)。累迁给事(shi)黄门侍郎,领(ling)(ling)羽林监。转太子中(zhong)庶(shu)子,领(ling)(ling)步兵校尉。又领(ling)(ling)大著作(zuo),撰国史。
后主即位(wei)。直(zhi)中书(shu)省,掌诏(zhao)诰。俄授散骑常侍,兼度支(zhi)尚(shang)书(shu),领扬州大中正。至德元(yuan)年,除度支(zhi)尚(shang)书(shu),参掌诏(zhao)诰,并判廷尉、建康二狱事。初(chu),琼(qiong)父云公奉梁武帝敕撰《嘉(jia)瑞记》,琼(qiong)述其旨而续焉,自(zi)永定(ding)讫于至德,勒(le)成一(yi)家(jia)之(zhi)言。迁吏部尚(shang)书(shu),著作如故。琼(qiong)详练(lian)谱谍,雅鉴人(ren)伦,先是(shi),吏部尚(shang)书(shu)宗(zong)元(yuan)饶卒,右仆射袁宪(xian)举琼(qiong),高宗(zong)未之(zhi)用也,至是(shi)居之(zhi),号为称职,后主甚委任焉。
琼性谦俭,不自封(feng)植,虽(sui)位(wei)望(wang)日隆,而执志(zhi)愈(yu)下。园(yuan)池室宇,无所改作,车马衣(yi)服,不尚鲜华,四时(shi)禄俸,皆散之(zhi)宗(zong)族(zu),家无馀财。暮年(nian)(nian)深(shen)怀止足,思(si)避权(quan)要,恒谢病(bing)不视事。俄丁(ding)母(mu)忧(you),去职。初,琼之(zhi)侍东宫也(ye),母(mu)随在(zai)官(guan)舍(she),后主(zhu)(zhu)赏(shang)赐优厚。及丧(sang)柩还(hai)乡,诏加赙赠(zeng)(zeng),并遣谒者黄长(zhang)贵持册奠祭,后主(zhu)(zhu)又自制志(zhi)铭,朝(chao)野荣之(zhi)。琼哀慕过毁,以(yi)至(zhi)德四年(nian)(nian)卒,时(shi)年(nian)(nian)五(wu)十,诏赠(zeng)(zeng)领军(jun)将(jiang)军(jun),官(guan)给丧(sang)事。有集二十卷行(xing)于世(shi)。长(zhang)子从(cong)宜,仕至(zhi)武昌(chang)王(wang)文学。
第三子从(cong)典(dian),字由仪。幼而(er)聪敏。八岁,读(du)沈(shen)约集(ji),见回文研铭,从(cong)典(dian)援笔拟(ni)之,便(bian)有佳致。年(nian)十三,作《柳赋(fu)》,其(qi)词(ci)其(qi)美(mei)。琼时(shi)为东宫(gong)管记,宫(gong)僚(liao)并一时(shi)俊(jun)伟(wei),琼示以此赋(fu),咸奇(qi)其(qi)异才。从(cong)父瑜(yu)特所赏爱,及瑜(yu)将终,家中坟籍皆付从(cong)典(dian),从(cong)典(dian)乃集(ji)瑜(yu)文为十卷,仍制集(ji)序,其(qi)文甚工。
从(cong)(cong)典(dian)笃好学(xue)业,博涉群书,于《班史》尤所属(shu)意。年(nian)十五,本州举(ju)秀才。解褐著(zhu)作佐郎(lang),转(zhuan)太子舍(she)人(ren)。时(shi)后主(zhu)赐仆射江总(zong)并其父琼诗,总(zong)命从(cong)(cong)典(dian)为谢启,俄顷(qing)便就(jiu),文华理畅,总(zong)甚(shen)异焉。寻(xun)授信义王文学(xue),转(zhuan)太子洗马(ma)。又迁司徒左西(xi)掾,兼东宫学(xue)士。丁(ding)父忧(you)去(qu)职(zhi)。寻(xun)起为德教学(xue)士,固(gu)辞(ci)不就(jiu),后主(zhu)敕留一员,以(yi)待(dai)从(cong)(cong)典(dian)。俄属(shu)金陵(ling)沦没,随例迁关右。仕隋为给事(shi)郎(lang),兼东宫学(xue)士。又除著(zhu)作佐郎(lang)。右仆射杨(yang)素奏从(cong)(cong)典(dian)续司马(ma)迁《史记(ji)》迄于隋,其书未就(jiu)。值隋末(mo)丧乱,寓居南阳郡,以(yi)疾卒,时(shi)年(nian)五十七。
顾野(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang),字(zi)希(xi)冯,吴(wu)郡(jun)吴(wu)人(ren)(ren)也。祖子乔(qiao),梁东中(zhong)郎武陵王(wang)(wang)(wang)府(fu)参军(jun)事。父亘,信威临贺(he)(he)王(wang)(wang)(wang)记(ji)室,兼本(ben)郡(jun)五官掾(yuan),以儒术知名(ming)。野(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang)幼(you)好(hao)学。七岁,读《五经》,略知大旨。九岁能属文,尝制《日赋(fu)》,领(ling)军(jun)硃异见而奇之。年十二,随父之建(jian)安(an),撰(zhuan)《建(jian)安(an)地记(ji)》二篇。长(zhang)而遍观经史,精记(ji)嘿识,天文地理、蓍龟占候、虫篆(zhuan)奇字(zi),无所不通(tong)。梁大同四年,除太学博士。迁中(zhong)领(ling)军(jun)临贺(he)(he)王(wang)(wang)(wang)府(fu)记(ji)室参军(jun)。宣城王(wang)(wang)(wang)为扬(yang)州刺(ci)史,野(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang)及琅邪王(wang)(wang)(wang)褒并为宾客,王(wang)(wang)(wang)甚(shen)爱其才。野(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang)又好(hao)丹青,善图写,王(wang)(wang)(wang)于东府(fu)起(qi)斋,乃令野(ye)(ye)王(wang)(wang)(wang)画古贤,命王(wang)(wang)(wang)褒书(shu)赞,时人(ren)(ren)称为二绝。
及侯(hou)景之(zhi)乱(luan),野(ye)王(wang)丁父忧,归(gui)本郡,乃召募乡党(dang)数(shu)百(bai)人,随义军(jun)援京邑。野(ye)王(wang)体素(su)清(qing)羸,裁长(zhang)六尺,又居丧过毁,殆不胜衣(yi),及杖(zhang)戈(ge)被甲,陈君臣之(zhi)义,逆顺(shun)之(zhi)理,抗辞作色,见者莫不壮(zhuang)之(zhi)。京城(cheng)陷,野(ye)王(wang)逃(tao)会(hui)稽,寻往东阳,与(yu)刘归(gui)义合军(jun)据(ju)城(cheng)拒(ju)贼。侯(hou)景平,太尉(wei)王(wang)僧辩深嘉之(zhi),使监海盐县。
高祖作宰,为(wei)金威将军(jun)、安东临川王(wang)府(fu)(fu)记室参(can)军(jun),寻(xun)转府(fu)(fu)谘议参(can)军(jun)。天嘉元年(nian),敕补撰史学(xue)士,寻(xun)加招(zhao)远将军(jun)。光大元年(nian),除镇东鄱阳王(wang)谘议参(can)军(jun)。太建二年(nian),迁国子(zi)(zi)博(bo)士。后主在东宫(gong),野王(wang)兼东宫(gong)管(guan)记,本官如故(gu)。六年(nian),除太子(zi)(zi)率更令,寻(xun)领大著作,掌(zhang)国史,知梁史事,兼东宫(gong)通(tong)事舍人(ren)。时宫(gong)僚有(you)济阳江总,吴(wu)国陆琼,北地傅縡,吴(wu)兴(xing)姚察,并以才学(xue)显著,论者(zhe)推重(zhong)焉。迁黄门(men)侍郎,光禄卿,知五礼事,馀(yu)官并如故(gu)。十(shi)三年(nian)卒,时年(nian)六十(shi)三。诏赠秘书监。至德(de)二年(nian),又(you)赠右卫将军(jun)。
野王(wang)少以笃学至性知(zhi)名,在物无过辞失色,观(guan)其(qi)容貌,似不能言,及(ji)其(qi)励精力行(xing),皆人(ren)所莫及(ji)。第三弟(di)充国早卒,野王(wang)抚养孤幼,恩义(yi)甚(shen)厚。其(qi)所撰著《玉篇》三十(shi)卷(juan),《舆地志(zhi)》三十(shi)卷(juan),《符瑞图》十(shi)卷(juan),《顾(gu)氏谱传》十(shi)卷(juan),《分野枢要》一卷(juan),《续洞冥(ming)纪》一卷(juan),《玄象表》一卷(juan),并行(xing)于世(shi)。又撰《通史要略(lve)》一百卷(juan),《国史纪传》二百卷(juan),未就而卒。有文集二十(shi)卷(juan)。
傅縡(zai)(zai),字宜事,北地灵州人(ren)也。父彝,梁临沂(yi)令。縡(zai)(zai)幼(you)聪敏,七岁诵古(gu)诗(shi)赋(fu)至十馀万言(yan)(yan)。长好学(xue),能属文(wen)。梁太清末,携母南奔避难,俄丁母忧,在兵乱之(zhi)中,居丧尽礼,哀(ai)毁骨立,士友(you)以此称之(zhi)。后(hou)依湘州刺史萧(xiao)循,循颇(po)好士,广(guang)集坟籍,縡(zai)(zai)肆志寻阅,因博通(tong)群书。王琳闻其名,引为府记室(shi)。琳败,随琳将孙(sun)瑒还都。时世(shi)祖(zu)(zu)使颜晃赐(ci)瑒杂物,瑒托縡(zai)(zai)启(qi)谢,词理优洽(qia),文(wen)无加点,晃还言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)世(shi)祖(zu)(zu),寻召为撰史学(xue)士。除司(si)空府记室(shi)参军,迁骠骑安成王中记室(shi),撰史如(ru)故。
縡(zai)笃信(xin)佛教,从兴皇惠朗(lang)法师受(shou)《三(san)论》,尽通(tong)其(qi)学。时有(you)大心暠法师著《无(wu)诤(zheng)论》以诋之,縡(zai)乃为(wei)《明(ming)道论》,用释其(qi)难。其(qi)略(lve)曰:
《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)论(lun)》言(yan):比有(you)(you)弘(hong)《三(san)论(lun)》者,雷同(tong)诃诋,恣言(yan)罪(zui)状(zhuang),历(li)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)诸师(shi)(shi),非斥众(zhong)学(xue),论(lun)中道(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)执(zhi)(zhi)偏心(xin)(xin),语(yu)忘怀(huai)而(er)(er)(er)竞(jing)(jing)独(du)胜,方学(xue)数论(lun),更(geng)为仇敌(di),仇敌(di)既(ji)构(gou)(gou),诤(zheng)(zheng)斗(dou)大生,以此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin),而(er)(er)(er)成罪(zui)业(ye),罪(zui)业(ye)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止,岂(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)重增生死(si),大苦聚集?答曰:《三(san)论(lun)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兴,为日(ri)(ri)久(jiu)矣。龙树(shu)创其(qi)(qi)源(yuan),除内学(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)偏见,提婆扬其(qi)(qi)旨,荡外(wai)道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邪执(zhi)(zhi)。欲使大化(hua)流(liu)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拥,玄风阐(chan)而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)坠。其(qi)(qi)言(yan)旷(kuang),其(qi)(qi)意(yi)(yi)远(yuan)(yuan),其(qi)(qi)道(dao)(dao)博,其(qi)(qi)流(liu)深。斯(si)固龙象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)腾骧,鲲(kun)鹏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)抟运。蹇(jian)乘决羽,岂(qi)(qi)能觖望(wang)其(qi)(qi)间(jian)哉?顷代浇薄,时无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)旷(kuang)士,苟习小(xiao)(xiao)学(xue),以化(hua)蒙心(xin)(xin),渐染成俗,遂迷正路(lu),唯竞(jing)(jing)穿凿,各(ge)肆营(ying)造(zao),枝叶(ye)徒繁,本源(yuan)日(ri)(ri)翳,一师(shi)(shi)解释(shi),复异一师(shi)(shi),更(geng)改旧宗,各(ge)立(li)新意(yi)(yi),同(tong)学(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,取(qu)寤(wu)复别,如是(shi)(shi)(shi)展转,添糅(rou)倍多。总而(er)(er)(er)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),心(xin)(xin)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的准;择而(er)(er)(er)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),何者为正?岂(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)浑(hun)沌伤(shang)窍,嘉树(shu)弊牙?虽复人(ren)(ren)说非马,家握(wo)灵蛇,以无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)当之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卮(zhi),同(tong)画地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饼矣。其(qi)(qi)于失(shi)道(dao)(dao),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亦(yi)宜(yi)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)?摄山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)学(xue),则不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如是(shi)(shi)(shi)。守一遵本,无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)改作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过;约文申意(yi)(yi),杜臆断之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情。言(yan)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)预说,理非宿构(gou)(gou)。睹缘尔(er)乃应,见敌(di)然后(hou)动(dong)。纵横络驿,忽(hu)恍杳冥(ming)。或弥纶而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)穷。或消散而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所。焕乎(hu)(hu)(hu)有(you)(you)文章,踪朕不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)得(de);深乎(hu)(hu)(hu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)量,即(ji)事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)非远(yuan)(yuan)。凡相酬对(dui),随理详核。有(you)(you)何嫉(ji)诈(zha),干犯诸师(shi)(shi)?且(qie)(qie)诸师(shi)(shi)所说,为是(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)?为不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)?若可(ke)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)者,毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)故为衰;若不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)自不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)。法师(shi)(shi)何独(du)蔽护(hu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)毁(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)?且(qie)(qie)教有(you)(you)大小(xiao)(xiao),备在圣诰(gao),大乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文,则指(zhi)斥小(xiao)(xiao)道(dao)(dao)。今弘(hong)大法,宁得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)大乘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)耶?斯(si)则褒贬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),从弘(hong)放学(xue);与夺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞,依经议论(lun)。何得(de)见佛说而(er)(er)(er)信(xin)顺,在我语(yu)而(er)(er)(er)忤(wu)逆?无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)平等心(xin)(xin)如是(shi)(shi)(shi)耶?且(qie)(qie)忿(fen)恚烦恼,凡夫(fu)恒性,失(shi)理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,率皆(jie)有(you)(you)此(ci)。岂(qi)(qi)可(ke)以三(san)修(xiu)未惬,六师(shi)(shi)怀(huai)恨,而(er)(er)(er)蕴涅槃妙(miao)法,永不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宣扬?但冀其(qi)(qi)忿(fen)愤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)既(ji)极,恬淡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寤(wu)自成耳。人(ren)(ren)面不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong),其(qi)(qi)心(xin)(xin)亦(yi)异,或有(you)(you)辞意(yi)(yi)相反,或有(you)(you)心(xin)(xin)口相符。岂(qi)(qi)得(de)必(bi)谓(wei)他人(ren)(ren)说中道(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)心(xin)(xin)偏执(zhi)(zhi),己行无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng),外(wai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)违而(er)(er)(er)内平等?仇敌(di)斗(dou)讼,岂(qi)(qi)我事(shi)焉;罪(zui)业(ye)聚集,斗(dou)诤(zheng)(zheng)者所畏耳。
《无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)论(lun)(lun)》言:摄山(shan)(shan)大(da)师(shi)(shi)诱进(jin)化导,则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如此,即习行(xing)于(yu)无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)者也(ye)。导悟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德既往(wang),淳一之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风已浇(jiao),竞(jing)胜(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),阿毁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曲(qu),盛于(yu)兹矣(yi)。吾愿息诤(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)道(dao),让(rang)(rang)(rang)胜(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)忘德。何必排拂(fu)异家,生(sheng)其(qi)(qi)恚怒(nu)者乎?若(ruo)(ruo)以(yi)(yi)中(zhong)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)行(xing)于(yu)《成(cheng)实》,亦能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng);若(ruo)(ruo)以(yi)(yi)偏(pian)著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)说于(yu)《中(zhong)论(lun)(lun)》,亦得有(you)诤(zheng)(zheng)。固知诤(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng),偏(pian)在一法(fa)(fa)(fa)。答曰:摄山(shan)(shan)大(da)师(shi)(shi)实无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)矣(yi),但法(fa)(fa)(fa)师(shi)(shi)所赏,未(wei)衷其(qi)(qi)节。彼静守幽谷(gu),寂(ji)尔无(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei),凡有(you)训勉,莫匪同(tong)志,从容(rong)语(yu)嘿,物无(wu)(wu)间然(ran),故其(qi)(qi)意虽深,其(qi)(qi)言甚约。今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敷畅,地势不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)。处王城之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隅,居(ju)聚落之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei),呼(hu)吸顾望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)客,脣吻纵横之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,奋锋颖,励羽翼(yi),明目张胆,被坚执锐,聘异家,衒别解,窥(kui)伺间隙,邀冀长短,与(yu)相(xiang)酬对,捔其(qi)(qi)轻重,岂得默默无(wu)(wu)言,唯唯应(ying)命?必须(xu)掎摭同(tong)异,发擿玼瑕,忘身(shen)而弘道(dao),忤(wu)俗而通(tong)教,以(yi)(yi)此为(wei)(wei)病(bing),益(yi)知未(wei)达。若(ruo)(ruo)令大(da)师(shi)(shi)当此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地,亦何必默己,而为(wei)(wei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)师(shi)(shi)所贵(gui)耶?法(fa)(fa)(fa)师(shi)(shi)又言:“吾愿息诤(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)通(tong)道(dao),让(rang)(rang)(rang)胜(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)忘德。”道(dao)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)止(zhi)在诤(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng),让(rang)(rang)(rang)与(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)让(rang)(rang)(rang)也(ye)。此语(yu)直是人间所重,法(fa)(fa)(fa)师(shi)(shi)慕(mu)而言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),竟未(wei)知胜(sheng)(sheng)若(ruo)(ruo)为(wei)(wei)可让(rang)(rang)(rang)也(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)他人道(dao)高(gao),则(ze)自(zi)胜(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)劳让(rang)(rang)(rang)矣(yi);他人道(dao)劣,则(ze)虽让(rang)(rang)(rang)而无(wu)(wu)益(yi)矣(yi)。欲让(rang)(rang)(rang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci),将非虚(xu)设?中(zhong)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin),无(wu)(wu)处不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可。《成(cheng)实三(san)论(lun)(lun)》,何事致乖?但须(xu)息守株之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)解,除胶(jiao)柱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,是事皆中(zhong)也(ye)。来旨(zhi)言“诤(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng),偏(pian)在一法(fa)(fa)(fa)”。何为(wei)(wei)独褒无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)耶?讵非矛(mao)盾?
《无(wu)(wu)诤论(lun)(lun)(lun)》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan):邪正得(de)失,胜(sheng)(sheng)负是(shi)(shi)(shi)非,必生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)矣(yi),非谓所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)说之(zhi)(zhi)法,而(er)有定相论(lun)(lun)(lun)胜(sheng)(sheng)劣(lie)(lie)也(ye)。若(ruo)异论(lun)(lun)(lun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非,以偏著(zhu)为(wei)失言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),无(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)无(wu)(wu)非,消彼得(de)失,以此论(lun)(lun)(lun)为(wei)胜(sheng)(sheng)妙者(zhe)(zhe),他论(lun)(lun)(lun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不及,此亦(yi)(yi)为(wei)失也(ye)。何(he)者(zhe)(zhe)?凡(fan)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)破(po),岂无(wu)(wu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)于(yu)(yu)(yu)能破(po),则(ze)胜(sheng)(sheng)负之(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)不忘(wang),宁不存(cun)胜(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)乎(hu)?斯(si)则(ze)矜我(wo)(wo)为(wei)得(de),弃他之(zhi)(zhi)失,即有取舍,大生(sheng)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非,便(bian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)增(zeng)诤。答曰(yue):言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)为(wei)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)使,心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)受言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)诠;和(he)(he)合(he)根尘,鼓动(dong)风气,故(gu)成(cheng)语也(ye)。事必由(you)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),实如来说。至于(yu)(yu)(yu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)造伪(wei)以使口,口行(xing)诈(zha)以应心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),外和(he)(he)而(er)内险,言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)随而(er)意(yi)逆,求利养,引声名(ming),入道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren),在家之(zhi)(zhi)士,斯(si)辈非一。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以曲陈教诫,深(shen)致防杜(du),说见在之(zhi)(zhi)殃咎,叙(xu)将来之(zhi)(zhi)患(huan)害(hai),此文明著(zhu),甚于(yu)(yu)(yu)日(ri)月,犹有忘(wang)爱躯,冒峻制,蹈(dao)汤炭,甘齑粉,必行(xing)而(er)不顾(gu)也(ye)。岂能悦(yue)无(wu)(wu)诤之(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo),而(er)回首革音耶?若(ruo)弘道(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren),宣(xuan)化之(zhi)(zhi)士,心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)胜(sheng)(sheng)也(ye),口言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)胜(sheng)(sheng)也(ye),心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)知(zhi)劣(lie)(lie)也(ye),口言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)劣(lie)(lie)也(ye),亦(yi)(yi)无(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)苞藏(zang),亦(yi)(yi)无(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)忌禅,但(dan)直心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)耳。他道(dao)(dao)虽劣(lie)(lie),圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)教也(ye);己德虽优(you),亦(yi)(yi)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)教也(ye)。我(wo)(wo)胜(sheng)(sheng)则(ze)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)胜(sheng)(sheng),他劣(lie)(lie)则(ze)圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)劣(lie)(lie)。圣(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)优(you)劣(lie)(lie),盖(gai)根缘所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)宜尔。于(yu)(yu)(yu)彼于(yu)(yu)(yu)此,何(he)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)厚薄哉(zai)?虽复终(zhong)日(ri)按剑,极夜击柝,瞋目以争得(de)失,作(zuo)气以求胜(sheng)(sheng)负,在谁处乎(hu)?有心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)与无(wu)(wu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin),徒欲分别虚空耳。何(he)意(yi)不许(xu)我(wo)(wo)论(lun)(lun)(lun)说,而(er)使我(wo)(wo)谦退(tui)?此谓鹪褷已翔于(yu)(yu)(yu)寥廓,而(er)虞者(zhe)(zhe)犹窥薮泽而(er)求之(zhi)(zhi)。嗟(jie)乎(hu)!丈(zhang)夫(fu)当弘斯(si)道(dao)(dao)矣(yi)。
《无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)论》言(yan):无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,通(tong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)内外。子所(suo)(suo)言(yan)须诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)者(zhe),此(ci)用(yong)末而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)救本(ben)(ben),失(shi)(shi)(shi)本(ben)(ben)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)营(ying)末者(zhe)也(ye)。今为(wei)(wei)(wei)子言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。何则(ze)?若依(yi)外典(dian),寻书契(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian),至(zhi)淳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi),朴质其心,行不(bu)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教,当(dang)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)时(shi)(shi),民(min)至(zhi)老(lao)死不(bu)相(xiang)往来(lai),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)各得(de)其所(suo)(suo),复有(you)(you)何诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)乎(hu)?固知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)(ben)末不(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),是(shi)(shi)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)真矣。答曰(yue):诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)与无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),不(bu)可(ke)偏执。本(ben)(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与末,又安(an)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)?由来(lai)不(bu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),宁(ning)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非末?于(yu)(yu)(yu)今而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),何验非本(ben)(ben)?夫(fu)居(ju)后(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)望(wang)前(qian)(qian),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)前(qian)(qian);居(ju)前(qian)(qian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)望(wang)后(hou),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)前(qian)(qian)后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事犹如彼(bi)此(ci),彼(bi)呼此(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)彼(bi),此(ci)呼彼(bi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)彼(bi),彼(bi)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名,的居(ju)谁(shei)(shei)处?以(yi)此(ci)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),万事可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。本(ben)(ben)末前(qian)(qian)后(hou),是(shi)(shi)非善(shan)恶(e),可(ke)恒(heng)守邪?何得(de)自(zi)信(xin)聪明(ming),废他(ta)耳(er)(er)目?夫(fu)水泡(pao)生灭,火轮旋转,入牢阱(jing),受(shou)羁绁,生忧畏,起烦恼,其失(shi)(shi)(shi)何哉?不(bu)与道相(xiang)应(ying),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)起诸见(jian)故(gu)也(ye)。相(xiang)应(ying)者(zhe)则(ze)不(bu)然,无(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye),无(wu)(wu)不(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)也(ye)。善(shan)恶(e)不(bu)能偕,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未曾离(li)善(shan)恶(e),生死不(bu)能至(zhi),亦终然在生死,故(gu)得(de)永离(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)任放焉(yan)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)圣(sheng)人(ren)念绕桎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)脱(tuo),愍黏胶(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难离(li),故(gu)殷勤(qin)教示,备诸便巧。希(xi)向之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,涉求有(you)(you)类,虽驎角难成,象形易失(shi)(shi)(shi),宁(ning)得(de)不(bu)仿(fang)佛遐路,勉励(li)短晨(chen)?且(qie)(qie)当(dang)念己(ji)身(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)恶(e),莫揣他(ta)物,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)欲分别,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)聪明(ming),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)见(jian),我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)计校,我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo)思(si)惟(wei),以(yi)此(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan),亦为(wei)(wei)(wei)疏矣。他(ta)人(ren)者(zhe)实难测,或可(ke)是(shi)(shi)凡夫(fu)真尔,亦可(ke)是(shi)(shi)圣(sheng)人(ren)俯(fu)同(tong),时(shi)(shi)俗所(suo)(suo)宜见(jian),果报所(suo)(suo)应(ying)睹。安(an)得(de)肆胸衿,尽情性,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)生讥诮乎(hu)?正应(ying)虚己(ji)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)游乎(hu)世(shi),俯(fu)仰于(yu)(yu)(yu)电露之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间耳(er)(er)。明(ming)月在天,众水咸见(jian),清风至(zhi)林,群籁毕响。吾(wu)岂(qi)逆物哉?不(bu)入鲍鱼(yu),不(bu)甘腐鼠。吾(wu)岂(qi)同(tong)物哉?谁(shei)(shei)能知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)我(wo)(wo)(wo)(wo),共行斯路,浩(hao)浩(hao)乎(hu)!堂(tang)堂(tang)乎(hu)!岂(qi)复见(jian)有(you)(you)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)非,无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)是(shi)(shi)?此(ci)则(ze)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)者(zhe)自(zi)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)者(zhe)自(zi)无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),吾(wu)俱(ju)取而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。宁(ning)劳法师费功夫(fu),点(dian)笔(bi)纸,但申(shen)于(yu)(yu)(yu)无(wu)(wu)诤(zheng)(zheng)(zheng);弟(di)子疲脣舌,消晷漏,唯对于(yu)(yu)(yu)明(ming)道?戏论哉!糟(zao)粕(po)哉!必欲且(qie)(qie)考真伪(wei),蹔观得(de)失(shi)(shi)(shi),无(wu)(wu)过依(yi)贤圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),检行藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理,始终研究,表里综核,使浮(fu)辞无(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)用(yong),诈道自(zi)然消。请待后(hou)筵,以(yi)观其妙矣。
寻以本官兼通直散(san)骑侍郎使齐,还除散(san)骑侍郎、镇(zhen)南始兴王(wang)谘议参军,兼东宫管记(ji)。历太子(zi)庶子(zi)、仆,兼管记(ji)如(ru)故。后主即位,迁秘书监、右卫将军,兼中书通事舍(she)人,掌诏诰。
縡(zai)为(wei)文典丽,性(xing)又敏速,虽军国大(da)事,下笔辄成,未(wei)尝起(qi)草,沉(chen)思(si)者(zhe)亦无以(yi)(yi)加焉,甚为(wei)后(hou)(hou)主所重。然性(xing)木强(qiang),不持检操,负才使气(qi)(qi),陵侮人(ren)(ren)物,朝士多(duo)衔(xian)之(zhi)。会(hui)施文庆(qing)、沈(shen)客卿以(yi)(yi)便佞(ning)亲幸,专(zhuan)(zhuan)制(zhi)衡轴(zhou),而(er)縡(zai)益(yi)疏。文庆(qing)等因(yin)共谮縡(zai)受(shou)高丽使金(jin),后(hou)(hou)主收縡(zai)下狱。縡(zai)素刚,因(yin)愤恚,乃(nai)于(yu)狱中(zhong)上(shang)(shang)书曰:“夫君人(ren)(ren)者(zhe),恭(gong)事上(shang)(shang)帝,子(zi)爱下民,省嗜(shi)欲(yu),远(yuan)谄(chan)佞(ning),未(wei)明求衣,日旰忘食,是以(yi)(yi)泽被区宇,庆(qing)流子(zi)孙。陛下顷来酒色过度,不虔郊庙之(zhi)神(shen),专(zhuan)(zhuan)媚淫(yin)昏之(zhi)鬼;小人(ren)(ren)在侧,宦竖弄权,恶(e)忠直若(ruo)仇(chou)雠,视生民如草芥(jie);后(hou)(hou)宫曳(ye)绮绣,厩马馀(yu)菽粟,百(bai)姓(xing)流离,僵尸蔽(bi)野;货贿公行,帑(tang)藏损耗(hao),神(shen)怒民怨,众叛亲离。恐东(dong)南(nan)王气(qi)(qi),自斯而(er)尽。”书奏,后(hou)(hou)主大(da)怒。顷之(zhi),意稍解(jie),遣(qian)使谓(wei)縡(zai)曰:“我欲(yu)赦卿,卿能改(gai)过不?”縡(zai)对曰:“臣(chen)(chen)心如面(mian),臣(chen)(chen)面(mian)可(ke)改(gai),则臣(chen)(chen)心可(ke)改(gai)。”后(hou)(hou)主于(yu)是益(yi)怒,令宦者(zhe)李善庆(qing)穷治其事,遂赐(ci)死狱中(zhong),时年五十五。有集(ji)十卷行于(yu)世。
时有(you)吴(wu)兴章华,字仲宗(zong),家(jia)世农夫,至华独(du)好学,与(yu)士君子游处,颇(po)览经史(shi)(shi),善属文(wen)。侯景之(zhi)(zhi)乱(luan),乃(nai)游岭南(nan)(nan),居(ju)罗(luo)浮(fu)山寺,专精习业。欧(ou)阳頠为(wei)广州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi),署为(wei)南(nan)(nan)海太(tai)(tai)守。及欧(ou)阳纥败,乃(nai)还京师。太(tai)(tai)建中,高(gao)宗(zong)使(shi)吏部侍郎(lang)萧引喻广州(zhou)刺史(shi)(shi)马(ma)靖(jing),令(ling)入子为(wei)质,引奏华与(yu)俱行(xing)。使(shi)还,而(er)高(gao)宗(zong)崩。后(hou)主即位(wei),朝臣以华素无伐阅,竞排诋之(zhi)(zhi),乃(nai)除大市令(ling),既(ji)雅非所好,乃(nai)辞以疾,郁(yu)郁(yu)不(bu)得(de)志。祯明初,上书(shu)极谏,其(qi)大略曰(yue):“昔高(gao)祖南(nan)(nan)平百(bai)越,北诛逆虏;世祖东定吴(wu)会,西破(po)王琳(lin);高(gao)宗(zong)克复淮南(nan)(nan),辟地千里:三祖之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong),亦至勤矣(yi)。陛下(xia)即位(wei),于今五年,不(bu)思先帝之(zhi)(zhi)艰难,不(bu)知天(tian)命之(zhi)(zhi)可畏,溺于嬖宠,惑于酒(jiu)色,祠七庙而(er)不(bu)出,拜妃嫔而(er)临轩,老(lao)臣宿将,弃之(zhi)(zhi)草莽(mang),谄佞谗(chan)邪,升之(zhi)(zhi)朝廷。今疆埸(yi)日蹙,隋军压境,陛下(xia)如不(bu)改弦易张,臣见麋鹿复游于姑苏台矣(yi)。”书(shu)奏,后(hou)主大怒,即日命斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)。
史臣曰:萧济(ji)、陆琼,俱以(yi)才学显著,顾野王博(bo)极(ji)群典,傅(fu)縡(zai)聪(cong)警特达,并一代之英灵(ling)矣。然(ran)縡(zai)不(bu)能循(xun)道(dao)进退,遂(sui)置极(ji)网,悲(bei)夫(fu)!
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