张顾诸葛步传
张昭字子(zi)布,彭城人也。少(shao)好(hao)学(xue),善隶书,从白(bai)侯子(zi)安(an)受《左氏春秋(qiu)》,博(bo)览众书, 与琅邪赵昱、东(dong)海王朗俱(ju)发名友(you)善。弱冠(guan)察孝廉(lian),不(bu)就(jiu)。与朗共论旧君讳事,州(zhou)里才士(shi) 陈琳等(deng)皆称善之(zhi)。刺史陶谦(qian)举(ju)茂(mao)才,不(bu)应,谦(qian)以(yi)为(wei)轻己,遂见拘执。昱倾(qing)身营救,方以(yi) 得(de)免。汉(han)末大乱,徐方士(shi)民(min)多避(bi)难(nan)扬土,昭皆南渡江。孙策(ce)创业(ye),命昭为(wei)长史、抚(fu)军中 郎将,升堂(tang)拜(bai)母,如比肩之(zhi)旧,文(wen)武之(zhi)事,一(yi)以(yi)委昭。昭每(mei)得(de)北(bei)方士(shi)大夫书疏,专归美 于(yu)昭,昭欲嘿而不(bu)宣则惧有私,宣之(zhi)则恐非宜,进退(tui)不(bu)安(an)。策(ce)闻之(zhi),欢笑曰:“昔管仲(zhong) 相(xiang)齐,一(yi)则仲(zhong)父,二则仲(zhong)父,而桓公为(wei)霸者宗(zong)。今(jin)子(zi)布贤,我能用之(zhi),其功名独(du)不(bu)在我 乎!”,
策(ce)临亡,以(yi)弟(di)权(quan)(quan)托昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)率(lv)群僚立而(er)辅(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)。上(shang)(shang)表汉室,下(xia)(xia)移属城,中外将(jiang)(jiang)校,各令(ling) 奉职,权(quan)(quan)悲(bei)感未视(shi)事,昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)谓(wei)权(quan)(quan)曰(yue):“夫为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)后者(zhe),贵(gui)能(neng)负荷(he)先轨,克昌堂构(gou),以(yi)成勋业 也(ye)。方今天(tian)下(xia)(xia)鼎沸,群盗满山(shan),孝廉何(he)得寝伏哀戚,肆(si)匹夫之(zhi)(zhi)情哉?”乃身(shen)自(zi)(zi)扶权(quan)(quan)上(shang)(shang)马, 陈兵而(er)出(chu),然后众心知有所归。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)复为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)权(quan)(quan)长史,授任如前。后刘备表权(quan)(quan)行车(che)骑将(jiang)(jiang)军,昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao) 为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)军师。权(quan)(quan)每田(tian)猎,常(chang)乘马射虎(hu),虎(hu)常(chang)突前攀持马鞍。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)变色而(er)前曰(yue):“将(jiang)(jiang)军何(he)有当尔? 夫为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)君者(zhe),谓(wei)能(neng)驾(jia)御英雄,驱(qu)使群贤(xian),岂谓(wei)驰逐于(yu)(yu)原野,校勇于(yu)(yu)猛兽者(zhe)乎(hu)?如有一旦(dan) 之(zhi)(zhi)患,奈天(tian)下(xia)(xia)笑(xiao)何(he)?”权(quan)(quan)谢昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)曰(yue):“年少虑事不(bu)远,以(yi)此(ci)惭君。”然犹不(bu)能(neng)已,乃作(zuo)射 虎(hu)车(che),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方目,间不(bu)置盖,一人(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)御,自(zi)(zi)于(yu)(yu)中射之(zhi)(zhi)。时有逸群之(zhi)(zhi)兽,辄复犯车(che),而(er)权(quan)(quan)每 手(shou)击以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)虽谏争,常(chang)笑(xiao)而(er)不(bu)答。魏(wei)黄初(chu)二年,遣(qian)使者(zhe)邢贞拜权(quan)(quan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吴王。贞入门(men), 不(bu)下(xia)(xia)车(che)。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)谓(wei)贞曰(yue):“夫礼无不(bu)敬,故法无不(bu)行。而(er)君敢自(zi)(zi)尊(zun)大,岂以(yi)江南寡弱(ruo),无方 寸(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)刃故乎(hu)!”贞即遽(ju)下(xia)(xia)车(che)。拜昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)绥远将(jiang)(jiang)军,封由拳侯。权(quan)(quan)于(yu)(yu)武昌,临钓台,饮(yin)(yin)酒大 醉(zui)。权(quan)(quan)使人(ren)以(yi)水(shui)洒群臣曰(yue):“今日(ri)酣饮(yin)(yin),惟醉(zui)堕台中,乃当止耳(er)。”昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)正色不(bu)言,出(chu)外 车(che)中坐。权(quan)(quan)遣(qian)人(ren)呼昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)还,谓(wei)曰(yue):“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)共作(zuo)乐耳(er),公何(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)怒乎(hu)?”昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)对(dui)曰(yue):“昔纣为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)糟(zao)丘 酒池长夜之(zhi)(zhi)饮(yin)(yin),当时亦以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐,不(bu)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)恶也(ye)。”权(quan)(quan)默然。有惭色,遂罢(ba)酒。
初,权(quan)当置丞(cheng)相,众议归昭。权(quan)曰:“方(fang)今多(duo)事,职统者(zhe)责重,非(fei)所(suo)以优之也。” 后孙邵卒(zu),百寮(liao)复举昭,权(quan)曰:“孤岂(qi)为子布有爱(ai)乎?领丞(cheng)相事烦,而此(ci)公(gong)性刚,所(suo)言 不从(cong),怨咎将(jiang)兴,非(fei)所(suo)以益之也。”乃用(yong)顾雍。
权既称(cheng)尊号,昭以老病,上还官位(wei)及(ji)所(suo)(suo)统(tong)领。更拜辅(fu)吴(wu)将军,班亚(ya)三(san)司(si),改封娄侯, 食(shi)邑(yi)万户。在里宅无事,乃著《春秋左(zuo)氏(shi)传(chuan)》解及(ji)《论(lun)语》注。权尝问卫尉严(yan)畯(jun):“宁 念小时(shi)所(suo)(suo)暗书不?”畯(jun)因诵《孝经》“仲尼(ni)居”。昭曰:“严(yan)畯(jun)鄙(bi)生,臣(chen)请为陛下诵之。”乃诵“君子(zi)之事上”,咸以昭为知所(suo)(suo)诵。
昭(zhao)(zhao)每朝见(jian)(jian)(jian),辞气壮厉,义形于色,曾以(yi)直言逆(ni)旨,中不(bu)(bu)(bu)进见(jian)(jian)(jian)。后(hou)(hou)蜀使来,称(cheng)蜀德美, 而(er)群臣(chen)(chen)莫拒,权叹曰:“使张公在(zai)坐(zuo),彼不(bu)(bu)(bu)折(zhe)则废(fei),安复(fu)自(zi)夸乎?”明(ming)日,遣中使劳问, 因请(qing)见(jian)(jian)(jian)昭(zhao)(zhao)。昭(zhao)(zhao)避席(xi)谢,权跪止之。昭(zhao)(zhao)坐(zuo)定,仰曰:“昔太(tai)后(hou)(hou)、桓王(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)老(lao)臣(chen)(chen)属(shu)陛下(xia),而(er) 以(yi)陛下(xia)属(shu)老(lao)臣(chen)(chen),是(shi)以(yi)思(si)尽(jin)臣(chen)(chen)节(jie),以(yi)报(bao)厚恩。使泯没之后(hou)(hou),有可称(cheng)述(shu),而(er)意(yi)虑(lv)浅短(duan),违逆(ni) 盛旨,自(zi)分幽(you)沦,长弃沟壑,不(bu)(bu)(bu)图(tu)复(fu)蒙(meng)引见(jian)(jian)(jian),得奉帷幄。然(ran)臣(chen)(chen)愚(yu)心所(suo)以(yi)事(shi)国,志在(zai)忠益, 毕命而(er)已(yi)。若乃(nai)变心易虑(lv),以(yi)偷(tou)荣取容,此(ci)臣(chen)(chen)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能也。”权辞谢焉(yan)。
权(quan)(quan)(quan)以(yi)(yi)公孙渊(yuan)称藩,遣张弥、许(xu)晏至辽(liao)东拜(bai)渊(yuan)为(wei)燕王(wang)。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)谏曰(yue):“渊(yuan)背(bei)魏惧讨,远(yuan)来 求援,非本志也。若渊(yuan)改图,欲(yu)自明于魏,两使不(bu)反(fan),不(bu)亦取笑于天下(xia)(xia)乎?”权(quan)(quan)(quan)与相反(fan) 复(fu),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)意弥切。权(quan)(quan)(quan)不(bu)能堪(kan),案刀(dao)而怒曰(yue):“吴国士人(ren)入宫则拜(bai)孤(gu),出(chu)宫则拜(bai)君,孤(gu)之(zhi)敬 君,亦为(wei)至矣(yi),而数于众(zhong)中折孤(gu),孤(gu)尝恐失计。”昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)熟视权(quan)(quan)(quan)曰(yue):“臣虽知(zhi)言(yan)不(bu)用(yong),每竭(jie) 愚忠者,诚以(yi)(yi)太后(hou)临崩,呼(hu)老臣于床下(xia)(xia),遗诏顾命(ming)之(zhi)言(yan)故在耳。”因涕(ti)泣横(heng)流(liu)。权(quan)(quan)(quan)掷刀(dao) 致地(di),与昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)对泣。然卒遣弥、晏往。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)忿言(yan)之(zhi)不(bu)用(yong),称疾不(bu)朝(chao)。权(quan)(quan)(quan)恨之(zhi),土(tu)塞其(qi)(qi)门(men)(men),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao) 又于内以(yi)(yi)土(tu)封之(zhi)。渊(yuan)果杀弥,晏。权(quan)(quan)(quan)数慰谢昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)固不(bu)起(qi),权(quan)(quan)(quan)因出(chu)过其(qi)(qi)门(men)(men)呼(hu)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)辞疾笃(du)。权(quan)(quan)(quan)烧其(qi)(qi)门(men)(men),欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)恐之(zhi),昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)更闭门(men)(men)户。权(quan)(quan)(quan)使人(ren)灭火,住门(men)(men)良久,昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)诸子共(gong)扶昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)起(qi),权(quan)(quan)(quan) 载以(yi)(yi)还宫,深自克责。昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)不(bu)得已,然后(hou)朝(chao)会。
昭(zhao)容貌矜(jin)严,有威风,权常(chang)曰:“孤与张公言,不(bu)敢(gan)妄也。”举(ju)邦(bang)惮之。年八十一, 嘉禾五年卒(zu)。遗(yi)令幅巾素棺,敛以时服。权素服临吊,谥(shi)曰文侯。长子(zi)承已(yi)自(zi)(zi)封侯,少 子(zi)休袭爵。 昭(zhao)弟子(zi)奋(fen)年二(er)十,造(zao)作攻城大攻车,为(wei)步骘所荐。昭(zhao)不(bu)愿(yuan)曰:“妆年尚(shang)少,何为(wei)自(zi)(zi) 委于军(jun)旅(lv)乎?”奋(fen)对曰:“昔(xi)童汪死难,子(zi)奇治阿,奋(fen)实不(bu)才耳(er),于年不(bu)为(wei)少也。”遂 领兵(bing)为(wei)将军(jun),连有功(gong)效,至(平州)都督,封乐乡亭侯。
承(cheng)(cheng)字仲嗣(si),少(shao)以才学知名,与诸(zhu)葛(ge)瑾、步骘、严畯相友(you)善(shan)。权(quan)为(wei)(wei)骠骑将军,辟西曹 掾,出为(wei)(wei)长沙西部(bu)都(dou)尉(wei)。讨平山寇(kou),得精兵万五千人(ren)。后为(wei)(wei)濡须(xu)都(dou)督、奋威将军,封都(dou) 乡侯(hou),领部(bu)曲五千人(ren)。承(cheng)(cheng)为(wei)(wei)人(ren)壮毅忠谠,能甄识人(ren)物,拔彭城蔡(cai)款、南阳谢景于(yu)孤微童 幼,后并为(wei)(wei)国士(shi),款至卫尉(wei),景豫章太守(shou)。又诸(zhu)葛(ge)恪年(nian)少(shao)时(shi),众人(ren)奇其英才。承(cheng)(cheng)言终(zhong)败 诸(zhu)葛(ge)氏者,元逊(xun)也。勤(qin)于(yu)长进,笃于(yu)物类(lei),凡(fan)在庶几之(zhi)流(liu),无不造门,年(nian)六(liu)十七,赤乌 七年(nian)卒(zu),谥(shi)曰(yue)定侯(hou)。子(zi)(zi)震嗣(si)。初,承(cheng)(cheng)丧妻,昭(zhao)欲为(wei)(wei)索诸(zhu)葛(ge)瑾女(nv),承(cheng)(cheng)以相与有(you)好,难之(zhi), 权(quan)闻而劝焉,遂为(wei)(wei)婿(xu)。生(sheng)女(nv),权(quan)为(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)和纳之(zhi)。权(quan)数令和修敬于(yu)承(cheng)(cheng),执(zhi)子(zi)(zi)婿(xu)之(zhi)礼。震诸(zhu)葛(ge) 恪诛(zhu)时(shi)亦(yi)死。
休(xiu)(xiu)字叔嗣(si),弱冠(guan)与诸葛恪、顾(gu)谭等惧为太(tai)子(zi)登僚友,以(yi)《汉(han)书》授登。从中(zhong)庶子(zi)转 为右弼都(dou)(dou)尉。权(quan)常游猎,迨幕乃归,休(xiu)(xiu)上(shang)疏(shu)谏戒,权(quan)大善之,以(yi)示于昭(zhao)。及登卒后,为 侍中(zhong),拜羽林都(dou)(dou)督,平(ping)三(san)典军(jun)事,迁扬武将军(jun)。为鲁(lu)王霸友党所谮,与顾(gu)谭、承(cheng)俱(ju)以(yi)芍 陂论功事,休(xiu)(xiu)、承(cheng)与典军(jun)陈(chen)恂通情,诈(zha)增其(qi)伐,并(bing)徙交州。中(zhong)书令孙弘(hong)佞伪险诐,休(xiu)(xiu)素 所忿,弘(hong)因是(shi)谮诉,下诏书赐休(xiu)(xiu)死,时年四(si)十一。
顾雍字元叹,吴郡吴人也。蔡(cai)伯喈从(cong)朔方还(hai),尝避怨于吴,雍从(cong)学琴(qin)书。州郡表荐, 弱冠为合肥长(zhang),后(hou)转在娄(lou)、曲阿、上虞(yu),皆有治(zhi)迹。孙权领会稽太(tai)守(shou),不之郡,以(yi)雍为 丞,行太(tai)守(shou)事,讨除寇(kou)贼,郡界宁静,吏民归服,数年,入为左(zuo)司马。权为吴王(wang),累迁 大理、奉常,领尚书令,封阳遂乡侯(hou)(hou),拜侯(hou)(hou)还(hai)寺,而家人不知,后(hou)闻乃惊。
黄武(wu)四年(nian),迎母于吴。既(ji)至,权(quan)(quan)临(lin)贺之(zhi)(zhi),亲拜其母于庭,公卿大(da)臣(chen)毕会,后太(tai)子又 往(wang)庆(qing)焉(yan)。雍(yong)(yong)(yong)为(wei)人不(bu)饮(yin)酒,寡(gua)言(yan)(yan)语,举(ju)动时(shi)当。权(quan)(quan)尝(chang)叹(tan)曰(yue):“顾君(jun)(jun)不(bu)言(yan)(yan),言(yan)(yan)必有(you)(you)(you)中。”至 饮(yin)宴欢乐之(zhi)(zhi)际(ji),左右恐有(you)(you)(you)酒失而(er)(er)雍(yong)(yong)(yong)必见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),是以(yi)不(bu)敢肆情。权(quan)(quan)亦(yi)曰(yue):“顾公在(zai)坐,使人 不(bu)乐。”其见(jian)(jian)惮如(ru)此(ci)。是岁(sui),改为(wei)太(tai)常(chang)。进封醴陵侯,代孙邵为(wei)丞相(xiang),平(ping)尚书(shu)事。其所(suo)(suo) 选用文武(wu)将吏各随能所(suo)(suo)任,心无(wu)适莫。时(shi)访逮民(min)间,及政(zheng)职所(suo)(suo)宜,辄密以(yi)闻(wen)(wen)。若见(jian)(jian)纳用, 则归之(zhi)(zhi)于上,不(bu)用,终不(bu)宣(xuan)泄。权(quan)(quan)以(yi)此(ci)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi),然于公朝(chao)有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)陈及,辞色虽顺而(er)(er)所(suo)(suo)执者正(zheng)。 权(quan)(quan)尝(chang)咨问(wen)得失,张昭(zhao)因陈听(ting)采闻(wen)(wen),颇以(yi)法令(ling)太(tai)稠,刑(xing)罚微重(zhong),宜有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)蠲损(sun)。权(quan)(quan)默然,顾 问(wen)雍(yong)(yong)(yong)曰(yue):“君(jun)(jun)以(yi)为(wei)何(he)如(ru)?”雍(yong)(yong)(yong)对(dui)曰(yue):“臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)闻(wen)(wen),亦(yi)如(ru)昭(zhao)所(suo)(suo)陈。”于是权(quan)(quan)乃(nai)议(yi)狱轻刑(xing)。 久之(zhi)(zhi),吕壹(yi)、秦(qin)博(bo)为(wei)中书(shu),典校诸官府(fu)及州郡文书(shu)。壹(yi)等因此(ci)渐作威(wei)福,遂造作榷酤障 管之(zhi)(zhi)利,举(ju)罪(zui)纠(jiu)奸,纤介必闻(wen)(wen),重(zhong)以(yi)深案(an)丑诬,毁短大(da)臣(chen),排(pai)陷无(wu)辜,雍(yong)(yong)(yong)等皆见(jian)(jian)举(ju)白(bai), 用被谴让。后壹(yi)奸罪(zui)发(fa)露(lu),收(shou)系延尉(wei)。雍(yong)(yong)(yong)往(wang)断狱。壹(yi)以(yi)囚见(jian)(jian),雍(yong)(yong)(yong)和颜色,问(wen)其辞状,临(lin)出,又谓壹(yi)曰(yue):“君(jun)(jun)意得无(wu)欲有(you)(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)道(dao)?”壹(yi)叩(kou)头无(wu)言(yan)(yan)。时(shi)尚书(shu)郎(lang)怀叙面詈辱壹(yi),雍(yong)(yong)(yong)责叙 曰(yue):“官有(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)法,何(he)至于此(ci)!”
雍(yong)为相十九(jiu)年,年七十六,赤乌六年卒。初疾(ji)微时,权(quan)令(ling)医赵(zhao)泉视之。拜其少子(zi)(zi)济(ji) 为骑(qi)都尉。雍(yong)闻,悲曰:“泉善别生(sheng)死,吾(wu)(wu)必不起(qi),故上(shang)欲及吾(wu)(wu)目见济(ji)拜也。”权(quan)素服(fu) 临吊,谥曰肃(su)侯(hou)。长子(zi)(zi)邵早卒,次子(zi)(zi)裕(yu)有笃疾(ji),少子(zi)(zi)济(ji)嗣,无(wu)后,绝(jue)(jue)。永安元(yuan)年,诏曰: “故丞相雍(yong),至德忠贤,辅国以(yi)(yi)礼,而侯(hou)统废绝(jue)(jue)。朕甚愍(min)之。其以(yi)(yi)雍(yong)次子(zi)(zi)裕(yu)袭爵(jue)为醴陵 候,以(yi)(yi)明著(zhu)旧勋。”
邵(shao)(shao)字孝则(ze),博览书传,好乐人伦(lun)。少(shao)与舅(jiu)陆(lu)绩齐名(ming),而陆(lu)逊、张敦、卜(bu)静等皆亚焉。自(zi)州郡庶(shu)几及(ji)四方人士(shi),往来相见,或言(yan)议而去,或结厚(hou)而别(bie),风声流闻,远近称之(zhi)。 权妻(qi)以策女。年二十七,起(qi)家为豫章(zhang)太(tai)守(shou)。下车祀先(xian)(xian)贤徐(xu)孺子之(zhi)墓。优待(dai)其后。禁其淫 祀非礼之(zhi)祭者。小吏资质佳者,辄令就学,择其先(xian)(xian)进,擢(zhuo)置右职,举善以教(jiao),风化大行。 初,钱(qian)唐丁谞出于役伍,阳(yang)羡张秉生于庶(shu)民。乌(wu)程吴粲、云(yun)(yun)阳(yang)殷礼起(qi)乎微贱,邵(shao)(shao)皆拔(ba)而 友之(zhi),为立声誉。秉遭大丧(sang),亲为制(zhi)服结绖(die)。邵(shao)(shao)当之(zhi)豫章(zhang),发在近路,值秉疾病(bing),时送 者百数。邵(shao)(shao)辞宾客(ke)曰:“张仲(zhong)节有疾,苦不能来别(bie),恨不见之(zhi),暂(zan)还与诀(jue),诸君少(shao)时相待(dai)。”其留心(xin)下士(shi),惟(wei)善所在,皆此类也。谞至典军中(zhong)郎(lang),秉云(yun)(yun)阳(yang)太(tai)守(shou),礼零陵太(tai)守(shou), 粲太(tai)子少(shao)傅。世(shi)以邵(shao)(shao)为知人。在郡五(wu)年,卒官,子谭、承云(yun)(yun)。
谭(tan)(tan)字子(zi)默,弱冠(guan)与(yu)(yu)诸葛恪(ke)等为(wei)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)四(si)友,从中庶子(zi)转辅正都尉(wei)。赤乌中,代恪(ke)为(wei)左 节度(du)。每(mei)省簿(bu)书,未尝(chang)下筹,徒屈指(zhi)心(xin)计,尽发疑谬,下吏以(yi)(yi)此服之(zhi)。加奉车都尉(wei)。薛 综为(wei)选(xuan)曹尚(shang)书,固让(rang)谭(tan)(tan)曰:“谭(tan)(tan)心(xin)精体密(mi),贯(guan)道(dao)达(da)微,才(cai)照人(ren)物,德允(yun)众(zhong)望(wang),诚非愚臣(chen)(chen) 所可越先。”后(hou)(hou)遂代综。祖父雍(yong)卒数(shu)月,拜太(tai)(tai)常,代雍(yong)平尚(shang)书事。是(shi)时鲁(lu)王霸(ba)有(you)盛宠, 与(yu)(yu)太(tai)(tai)子(zi)和齐衡,谭(tan)(tan)上疏曰:“臣(chen)(chen)闻有(you)国有(you)家(jia)者,必明嫡庶之(zhi)端(duan),异尊卑之(zhi)礼,使高下有(you)差,阶级逾邈,如(ru)此则骨肉之(zhi)恩生,觊觎之(zhi)望(wang)绝。昔贾谊陈(chen)治安之(zhi)计,论诸侯之(zhi)势(shi)(shi),以(yi)(yi) 为(wei)势(shi)(shi)重(zhong),虽(sui)亲(qin)必有(you)逆节之(zhi)累,势(shi)(shi)轻,虽(sui)疏必有(you)保全(quan)(quan)之(zhi)祚(zuo)。故淮南(nan)亲(qin)弟(di),不(bu)终飨(xiang)国,失之(zhi) 于(yu)势(shi)(shi)重(zhong)也(ye)。吴(wu)芮疏臣(chen)(chen),传祚(zuo)长沙,得之(zhi)于(yu)势(shi)(shi)轻也(ye)。昔汉文帝使慎夫(fu)人(ren)与(yu)(yu)皇后(hou)(hou)同席(xi),袁盎 退(tui)夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)座,帝有(you)怒色。及盎辨上下之(zhi)仪,陈(chen)人(ren)彘之(zhi)戒,帝既悦怪,夫(fu)人(ren)亦(yi)(yi)悟(wu)。今臣(chen)(chen)所 陈(chen),非有(you)所偏,诚欲以(yi)(yi)安太(tai)(tai)子(zi)而便(bian)鲁(lu)王也(ye)。”由是(shi)霸(ba)与(yu)(yu)谭(tan)(tan)有(you)隙。时长公主婿卫将军(jun)(jun)全(quan)(quan)琮(cong) 子(zi)寄(ji)为(wei)霸(ba)宾客,寄(ji)素倾邪(xie),谭(tan)(tan)所不(bu)纳。先是(shi),谭(tan)(tan)弟(di)承与(yu)(yu)张休俱北征寿春,全(quan)(quan)琮(cong)时为(wei)大(da)都 督,与(yu)(yu)魏将王淩战于(yu)芍陂,军(jun)(jun)不(bu)利(li),魏兵乘胜陷没(mei)五营将(秦儿),军(jun)(jun),休、承奋击之(zhi)。 遂驻魏师(shi)。时琮(cong)群(qun)子(zi)绪、端(duan)亦(yi)(yi)并为(wei)将,因敌既住,乃进击之(zhi)。淩军(jun)(jun)用退(tui)。时论功行赏。 以(yi)(yi)为(wei)功驻敌之(zhi)功大(da),退(tui)敌之(zhi)功小。休、承并为(wei)杂号(hao)将军(jun)(jun),绪、端(duan)偏裨而已。寄(ji)父子(zi)益恨(hen), 共构会谭(tan)(tan)。谭(tan)(tan)坐徙交州(zhou),幽(you)而发愤,著《新言》仁十篇。其《知难篇》盖以(yi)(yi)自悼(dao)伤也(ye)。 见流二年(nian)(nian),年(nian)(nian)四(si)十二,卒于(yu)交阯。
承字(zi)子直(zhi),嘉禾中与(yu)舅陆瑁(mao)俱(ju)以礼征(zheng)。权赐丞相(xiang)雍书曰:“贵(gui)孙(sun)子直(zhi),令问休休, 至与(yu)相(xiang)见,过于(yu)所闻(wen),为(wei)(wei)君嘉之。”拜骑都尉,领(ling)羽林兵。后为(wei)(wei)吴郡西部都尉,与(yu)诸葛 恪等共平(ping)山越,别得精(jing)兵八千(qian)人,还屯军章阬,拜昭义中郎将(jiang),入为(wei)(wei)侍中。芍陂之役, 拜奋(fen)威将(jiang)军,出领(ling)京下(xia)督(du)。数年,与(yu)兄谭,张休等惧(ju)徙交州,年三十七卒。 诸葛瑾字(zi)子瑜(yu),琅(lang)邪阳都人也。汉(han)末避(bi)乱(luan)江东。值(zhi)孙(sun)策卒,孙(sun)权姊婿曲阿弘咨见而(er)
异之,荐之于权(quan),与鲁肃等(deng)并(bing)见(jian)宾(bin)待。后为权(quan)长(zhang)史,转中(zhong)司马。建安(an)二十年(nian),权(quan)遣瑾(jin)使 蜀通好刘备,与其弟亮俱公会(hui)相见(jian),退(tui)无私面。
与(yu)权(quan)(quan)谈说谏喻(yu),未尝切愕,微见(jian)风彩(cai),粗陈(chen)指归。如有(you)未合,则舍而(er)(er)及他,徐复(fu)托 事造端(duan),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)类相求,于是权(quan)(quan)意往(wang)往(wang)而(er)(er)释。吴郡太守朱治,权(quan)(quan)举将也(ye),权(quan)(quan)曾有(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)望(wang)之(zhi), 而(er)(er)素加敬,难自(zi)(zi)诘(jie)让,忿(fen)忿(fen)不解。瑾(jin)揣知其故,而(er)(er)不敢显陈(chen),乃(nai)乞以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意私自(zi)(zi)问(wen),遂于权(quan)(quan)前为(wei)书,泛论(lun)物(wu)理,因以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)己心遥(yao)往(wang)忖度之(zhi)。毕,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)呈权(quan)(quan),权(quan)(quan)喜(xi),笑曰(yue)(yue):“孤(gu)意解矣。颜 氏之(zhi)德,使人加亲,岂(qi)谓此耶?”权(quan)(quan)又怪校尉(wei)殷模(mo),罪至(zhi)不测。群下多为(wei)之(zhi)言(yan),权(quan)(quan)怒益 甚,与(yu)相反复(fu),推瑾(jin)默然(ran)。权(quan)(quan)曰(yue)(yue):“子(zi)瑜(yu)何独不言(yan)?”瑾(jin)避席(xi)曰(yue)(yue):“瑾(jin)与(yu)殷模(mo)等遭本(ben)州 倾覆,生类殄尽。弃坟墓,携老(lao)弱,披(pi)草莱,归圣化,在流(liu)隶之(zhi)中,蒙生成之(zhi)福(fu),不能 躬相督厉。陈(chen)答万一,至(zhi)令模(mo)孤(gu)负恩惠,自(zi)(zi)陷罪戾。臣谢过(guo)不暇,诚不敢有(you)言(yan)。”权(quan)(quan)闻 之(zhi)怆然(ran),乃(nai)曰(yue)(yue):“特为(wei)君(jun)赦之(zhi)。”
后从讨关羽,封(feng)宣城(cheng)侯(hou),以绥(sui)南(nan)将(jiang)军代吕蒙领(ling)南(nan)郡太守,住(zhu)公安。刘备(bei)东伐吴,吴王(wang)求和,瑾(jin)与备(bei)笺曰:“奄闻旗鼓来至(zhi)白帝(di),或恐议臣以吴王(wang)侵取(qu)此州,危害(hai)关羽,怨 深祸大(da)(da),不(bu)宜答和,此用心于(yu)(yu)小(xiao),末留(liu)意(yi)于(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)者(zhe)也。试(shi)为陛(bi)下(xia)论其轻重(zhong),及其大(da)(da)小(xiao)。陛(bi) 下(xia)若抑威损忿,暂省瑾(jin)言者(zhe),计可立(li)决,不(bu)复咨之于(yu)(yu)群后也。陛(bi)下(xia)以关羽之亲何(he)如先帝(di)? 荆州大(da)(da)小(xiao)孰与海(hai)内?俱应仇疾,谁(shei)当先后?若审此数(shu),易于(yu)(yu)反掌(zhang)。时(shi)或言瑾(jin)别遣亲人与备(bei) 相闻,权曰:“孤与子瑜有(you)死(si)生不(bu)易之誓,子瑜之不(bu)负孤,犹孤之不(bu)负子瑜也。”黄武(wu) 元年,迁左将(jiang)军,督公安,假(jia)节,封(feng)宛陵(ling)侯(hou)。
虞翻以(yi)(yi)狂直流徙,惟瑾屡为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说。翻与(yu)所亲书(shu)曰(yue):“诸(zhu)葛敦仁,则天活(huo)物(wu),比(bi)蒙清 论,有(you)以(yi)(yi)保分。恶(e)积罪(zui)深(shen),见忌殷重(zhong),虽有(you)祁老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)救,德无(wu)羊舌,解(jie)释难(nan)冀也(ye)(ye)。” 瑾为(wei)人(ren)有(you)容貌思度,于(yu)时(shi)服(fu)其(qi)(qi)弘雅。权亦(yi)重(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),大事咨访(fang)。又别咨瑾曰(yue):“近得伯 言(yan)表,以(yi)(yi)为(wei)曹丕(pi)已(yi)(yi)死,毒乱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min),当(dang)望旌瓦解(jie),而更静然(ran)(ran)。闻(wen)(wen)皆选用忠(zhong)良,宽刑(xing)罚(fa),布(bu) 恩(en)惠,薄赋省役,以(yi)(yi)悦(yue)民(min)心,其(qi)(qi)患更深(shen)于(yu)操(cao)(cao)时(shi)。孤以(yi)(yi)为(wei)不(bu)然(ran)(ran)。操(cao)(cao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所行,其(qi)(qi)惟杀伐小为(wei) 过差,及离间人(ren)骨肉,以(yi)(yi)为(wei)酷耳。至(zhi)于(yu)御(yu)将,自(zi)(zi)古(gu)少有(you)。丕(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)操(cao)(cao),万不(bu)及也(ye)(ye)。今睿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 不(bu)如丕(pi),犹丕(pi)不(bu)如操(cao)(cao)也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)所以(yi)(yi)务祟小惠,必以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)父新死,自(zi)(zi)度衰(shuai)微(wei),恐困(kun)苦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)一朝 崩沮(ju),故强(qiang)屈曲以(yi)(yi)求(qiu)民(min)心,欲以(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)安住耳,宁(ning)是兴(xing)隆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渐邪!闻(wen)(wen)任陈长(zhang)(zhang)文(wen)、曹子(zi)丹辈(bei), 或文(wen)人(ren)诸(zhu)生,或宗室(shi)戚臣,宁(ning)能(neng)御(yu)雄才虎将以(yi)(yi)制(zhi)天下乎?夫威柄(bing)不(bu)专,则其(qi)(qi)事乖(guai)错(cuo)。如 昔张耳、陈馀(yu),非不(bu)敦睦。至(zhi)于(yu)秉势,自(zi)(zi)还相贼,乃事理使然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)。又长(zhang)(zhang)文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒,昔所以(yi)(yi) 能(neng)善(shan)守者,以(yi)(yi)操(cao)(cao)笮其(qi)(qi)头,畏操(cao)(cao)威严,故竭心尽意,不(bu)敢为(wei)非耳。逮丕(pi)继业,年已(yi)(yi)长(zhang)(zhang)大, 承操(cao)(cao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后,以(yi)(yi)恩(en)情(qing)加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),用能(neng)感(gan)义(yi)。今睿幼弱,随(sui)人(ren)东西,此曹等辈(bei),必当(dang)因此弄(nong)巧行 态,阿(a)党比(bi)周,各助所附(fu)。如此之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),奸谗(chan)并起,更相陷怼,转(zhuan)成(cheng)嫌(xian)贰。一尔(er)已(yi)(yi)往,群 下争(zheng)利,主幼不(bu)御(yu)。其(qi)(qi)为(wei)败也(ye)(ye)焉得久乎?所以(yi)(yi)知其(qi)(qi)然(ran)(ran)者,自(zi)(zi)古(gu)至(zhi)今,安有(you)四五人(ren)把持刑(xing)柄(bing),而不(bu)离刺转(zhuan)相蹄(ti)啮者也(ye)(ye)!强(qiang)当(dang)陵弱,弱当(dang)求(qiu)援,此乱亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)。子(zi)瑜,卿但(dan)侧耳听 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),伯言(yan)常长(zhang)(zhang)于(yu)计校,恐此一事小短(duan)也(ye)(ye)。”
权称尊号,拜大将(jiang)军(jun)、左都护,领豫(yu)州牧。及吕壹诛(zhu),权又(you)有诏切磋瑾(jin)(jin)等,语在 《权传》。瑾(jin)(jin)辄因事以答,辞顺理正。瑾(jin)(jin)子(zi)(zi)恪(ke)(ke),名盛当世,权深器异之(zhi);然瑾(jin)(jin)常嫌(xian)之(zhi), 谓非保家之(zhi)子(zi)(zi),每(mei)以忧(you)戚。赤乌(wu)四年,年六十(shi)八卒(zu)(zu),遣(qian)命令素棺敛以时(shi)服(fu),事从省约。 恪(ke)(ke)已自封(feng)侯,故弟融(rong)袭爵。摄兵(bing)业驻公安(an),部曲吏(li)士(shi)(shi)亲附之(zhi)。疆外无事,秋冬则射猎讲 武,春夏则延宾高会(hui),休吏(li)假(jia)卒(zu)(zu),或(huo)不(bu)远(yuan)千里而造焉。每(mei)会(hui)辄历问宾客,各言(yan)其能,乃(nai) 合榻促席(xi),量敌选对,或(huo)有博(bo)弈,或(huo)有摴蒱,投壶弓弹,部别类分,于是甘果继进(jin),清 酒徐行(xing),融(rong)周流观览,终日不(bu)倦(juan)。融(rong)父兄质(zhi)素,虽(sui)在军(jun)旅(lv),身无采(cai)饰;而融(rong)锦罽文绣, 独(du)为奢绮。孙权薨,徙奋威将(jiang)军(jun)。后恪(ke)(ke)征淮南,假(jia)融(rong)节(jie),令引军(jun)入沔(mian),以击西兵(bing)。恪(ke)(ke)既 诛(zhu),遗无难督施宽(kuan)就(jiu)将(jiang)军(jun)施绩(ji)、孙壹、全(quan)熙等取融(rong)。融(rong)卒(zu)(zu)闻兵(bing)士(shi)(shi)至,惶惧犹豫(yu),不(bu)能决 计,兵(bing)到围城,饮药而死,三子(zi)(zi)皆伏诛(zhu)。
步(bu)骘字(zi)子山,临淮(huai)淮(huai)阴(yin)人也。世(shi)乱,避难江东,单身穷困。与广陵卫旌同年相善, 俱以种瓜(gua)自给,昼勤四(si)体,夜诵经传。
会(hui)稽焦征(zheng)(zheng)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),郡之豪族(zu),人(ren)客放(fang)纵。骘(zhi)(zhi)与旌(jing)(jing)求食其(qi)地,惧为(wei)所侵(qin)。乃共修刺(ci)奉(feng)瓜, 以(yi)(yi)献征(zheng)(zheng)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。征(zheng)(zheng)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)方(fang)在内卧,驻之移(yi)时,旌(jing)(jing)欲委(wei)去(qu)。骘(zhi)(zhi)止之曰:“本(ben)所以(yi)(yi)来,畏其(qi)强(qiang)也。 而(er)今舍去(qu),欲以(yi)(yi)为(wei)高,只结怨耳。”良久,征(zheng)(zheng)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)开牖见之,身隐几坐帐中(zhong),设(she)席致(zhi)地, 坐骘(zhi)(zhi)、旌(jing)(jing)于牖外,旌(jing)(jing)愈耻之,骘(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)色自若。征(zheng)(zheng)羌(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)作食,身享大案,殽膳重沓,以(yi)(yi)小盘饭 与骘(zhi)(zhi)、旌(jing)(jing),惟菜茹而(er)已。旌(jing)(jing)不能食,骘(zhi)(zhi)极饭致(zhi)饱乃辞(ci)出。旌(jing)(jing)怒骘(zhi)(zhi)曰:“何能忍此?”骘(zhi)(zhi) 曰:“吾等贫贱,是以(yi)(yi)主人(ren)以(yi)(yi)贫贱遇之,固其(qi)宜也,当何所耻?”
孙权(quan)为讨(tao)虏将(jiang)(jiang)军,召骘为主记。除(chu)海盐长,还辟(pi)车骑将(jiang)(jiang)军东曹掾。建安(an)十五(wu)年,出 领鄱(po)阳太守(shou)(shou)。岁中(zhong)(zhong),徙(xi)交州刺(ci)史、立武(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)郎将(jiang)(jiang)。领武(wu)射吏千人(ren),便道南行。明年,追拜 使(shi)(shi)持(chi)节、征南中(zhong)(zhong)郎将(jiang)(jiang)。刘表所置苍(cang)梧太守(shou)(shou)吴巨阴怀异(yi)心,外附(fu)内违。骘降(jiang)意怀诱,请与 相见,因斩徇之,威声(sheng)大震。士燮兄弟(di),相率供命,南土之宾,自此(ci)始也。益(yi)州大姓雍 闿(kai)等(deng)杀蜀所署太守(shou)(shou)正昂(ang),与燮相闻,求欲内附(fu)。骘因承制遣(qian)使(shi)(shi)宣恩抚纳,由是加拜平戎 将(jiang)(jiang)军,封广信侯。
延(yan)康元年(nian),权遣吕(lv)岱代(dai)骘(zhi),骘(zhi)将(jiang)(jiang)交州义(yi)士万人出长(zhang)沙。会刘备东(dong)下,武(wu)陵蛮(man)夷蠢(chun)动, 权遂(sui)命骘(zhi)上(shang)益阳。备既败(bai)绩,而零、桂诸郡犹相惊扰,处处阻兵,骘(zhi)周旋征讨,皆平之。 黄武(wu)二年(nian),迁右将(jiang)(jiang)军、左护(hu)军,改封临湘侯。五年(nian),假节,徙屯沤口。
权称尊号,拜骠骑将(jiang)军,领冀(ji)州(zhou)牧。是岁,都督西(xi)陵(ling)。代陆(lu)逊抚二境,顷以冀(ji)州(zhou)在 蜀分,解牧职。时(shi)(shi)权太子(zi)登(deng)驻武昌,爱人(ren)好善(shan),与(yu)骘书(shu)曰:“夫贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)君子(zi),所(suo)以兴隆大 化,佐(zuo)理时(shi)(shi)务者也。受性暗蔽,不达(da)道(dao)数,虽实区区欲尽心于(yu)(yu)明德,归分于(yu)(yu)君子(zi),至于(yu)(yu) 远(yuan)近士人(ren),先后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜,犹或缅(mian)焉,未(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能详(xiang)。《传》曰:‘爱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能勿(wu)劳乎(hu)?忠(zhong)焉能勿(wu)诲 乎(hu)?’斯(si)其义也,岂(qi)非(fei)所(suo)望于(yu)(yu)君子(zi)哉!”骘于(yu)(yu)是条(tiao)(tiao)于(yu)(yu)时(shi)(shi)事业在荆州(zhou)界(jie)者,诸葛瑾(jin)、陆(lu)逊、 朱然、程普、潘(pan)浚(jun),斐玄、夏侯承(cheng),卫旌,李(li)肃(su)、周条(tiao)(tiao)、石(shi)干十一人(ren)。甄别行状,因(yin)上 疏奖(jiang)劝曰:“臣闻人(ren)君不亲小事,百(bai)官有司各任其职。故舜命九贤(xian)(xian),则无(wu)所(suo)用心,弹五弦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)琴,咏南风之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗,不下(xia)(xia)堂庙而天下(xia)(xia)治也。齐(qi)桓用管仲,被发载车,齐(qi)国(guo)既治,又致 匡合。近汉高(gao)祖揽三(san)杰以兴帝(di)业,西(xi)楚失(shi)雄俊以丧成功(gong),汲黯在朝,淮南寝(qin)谋。郅都守(shou) 边(bian),匈奴(nu)窜迹。故贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)所(suo)在,折冲(chong)万里,信国(guo)家之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利器,祟替之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)由也。方今王(wang)化未(wei)被 于(yu)(yu)汉北,河、洛(luo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滨(bin)尚(shang)有僭逆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丑,诚(cheng)揽英雄拔俊任贤(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)也。愿明太子(zi)重以经意,则 天下(xia)(xia)幸甚。”
后(hou)中书吕(lv)壹典(dian)校(xiao)文书,多所纠举,骘(zhi)上疏曰:“伏(fu)闻诸(zhu)典(dian)校(xiao)擿(zhi)抉细微,吹毛求瑕(xia), 重(zhong)案深诬,辄欲陷(xian)人(ren)(ren)以(yi)成(cheng)威福。无罪(zui)(zui)无辜,横受大刑,是(shi)以(yi)使民跼天蹐地,谁不战慄? 昔之(zhi)狱官,惟贤是(shi)任,故(gu)皋陶作士,吕(lv)侯赎刑,张、于(yu)廷尉,民无冤(yuan)枉(wang),休泰之(zhi)祚(zuo),实 由此兴。今之(zhi)小臣(chen),动与古异,狱以(yi)贿(hui)成(cheng),轻(qing)忽人(ren)(ren)命,归咎于(yu)上,为国速(su)怨,夫一(yi)人(ren)(ren)吁 嗟,王道为亏,甚可仇疾。明德慎(shen)罚,哲人(ren)(ren)惟刑,书传所美(mei)。自(zi)今蔽狱,都下则(ze)宜谘顾 雍,武昌则(ze)陆(lu)逊、潘浚,平心专意,务(wu)在得(de)情,骘(zhi)党神(shen)明,受罪(zui)(zui)何恨?”又曰:“天子(zi) 父天母地,故(gu)宫室(shi)百官,动法(fa)列宿。若施政令,钦顺(shun)时节,官得(de)其(qi)人(ren)(ren),则(ze)阴阳(yang)和平,七 曜循(xun)度。至(zhi)于(yu)今日(ri),官寮(liao)多阙(que),虽有大臣(chen),复不信任,如此天地焉得(de)无变?故(gu)频(pin)年枯旱(han), 亢阳(yang)之(zhi)应也。
又嘉禾(he)六年五(wu)月(yue)十四日,赤(chi)乌二年正(zheng)月(yue)一(yi)日及二十七日,地皆震动(dong)。地阴类(lei),臣(chen)之(zhi) 象,阴气盛故动(dong),臣(chen)下专政之(zhi)故也。夫天(tian)地见异(yi),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)警悟人(ren)(ren)主,可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)深思(si)其(qi)意哉!” 又曰:“丞相(xiang)顾雍。上大将(jiang)军陆逊、太(tai)常潘浚,忧深责重,志在竭诚,夙夜兢(jing)兢(jing),寝食 不(bu)(bu)(bu)宁,念欲安国利民,建(jian)久长之(zhi)计,可(ke)谓心膂股肱,社稷(ji)之(zhi)臣(chen)矣。宜各委任,不(bu)(bu)(bu)使他官(guan) 监其(qi)所(suo)(suo)司,责其(qi)成(cheng)效,课其(qi)负(fu)殿。此(ci)三臣(chen)者(zhe),思(si)虑(lv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)到则已,岂敢(gan)专擅威(wei)福欺(qi)负(fu)所(suo)(suo)天(tian) 乎?”又曰:“悬(xuan)赏以(yi)(yi)显(xian)善,设刑以(yi)(yi)威(wei)奸,任贤而使能(neng),审明于法(fa)术(shu),则何(he)功而不(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng), 何(he)事而不(bu)(bu)(bu)辨(bian),何(he)听而不(bu)(bu)(bu)闻(wen)(wen),何(he)视(shi)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)睹哉?若今郡守百里,皆各得其(qi)人(ren)(ren),共(gong)相(xiang)经纬,如是,庶(shu)政岂不(bu)(bu)(bu)康哉!窃闻(wen)(wen)诸(zhu)县并有备吏,吏多民烦(fan),俗(su)以(yi)(yi)之(zhi)弊。但小人(ren)(ren)因缘衔命,不(bu)(bu)(bu)务(wu) 奉公(gong)而作威(wei)福,无益视(shi)听,更为(wei)(wei)民害,愚以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)可(ke)一(yi)切罢省。”权亦(yi)觉悟,遂诛吕壹。骘 前后荐达屈(qu)滞,救(jiu)解患难,书(shu)数十上。权虽不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)悉纳,然时采其(qi)言,多蒙济赖。 赤(chi)乌九年,代陆逊为(wei)(wei)丞相(xiang),犹诲育门生,手不(bu)(bu)(bu)释书(shu)。被(bei)服(fu)居(ju)处(chu)有如儒生。然门内(nei)(nei)妻 妾服(fu)饰奢绮(qi),颇以(yi)(yi)此(ci)见讥。在西(xi)陵二十年,邻(lin)敌敬其(qi)威(wei)信。性宽弘(hong)得众,喜(xi)怒(nu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)形于声 色,而外内(nei)(nei)肃(su)然。
十(一)年卒,子协(xie)嗣(si)(si),统(tong)骘所领(ling),加(jia)(jia)抚军(jun)(jun)(jun)将军(jun)(jun)(jun)。协(xie)卒,子玑(ji)嗣(si)(si)侯(hou)。协(xie)弟(di)(di)阐,继业(ye) 为(wei)西陵(ling)督(du),加(jia)(jia)昭武将军(jun)(jun)(jun),封(feng)西亭侯(hou),凤皇元年,召为(wei)绕帐督(du)。阐累世在西陵(ling),卒被征命, 自以失(shi)职(zhi),又惧有谗祸,于是据城(cheng)降晋,遣玑(ji)与弟(di)(di)璿诣洛阳为(wei)任,晋以阐为(wei)都督(du)西陵(ling)诸(zhu) 军(jun)(jun)(jun)事、卫(wei)将军(jun)(jun)(jun)、仪同三(san)司,加(jia)(jia)侍中,假节领(ling)交州牧(mu),封(feng)宜都公。玑(ji)监江(jiang)陵(ling)诸(zhu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)事、左(zuo)将 军(jun)(jun)(jun)。加(jia)(jia)散骑(qi)(qi)常侍,领(ling)庐陵(ling)太守(shou),改封(feng)江(jiang)陵(ling)侯(hou);璿给(ji)事中、宣威将军(jun)(jun)(jun),封(feng)都乡侯(hou)。命车骑(qi)(qi) 将军(jun)(jun)(jun)羊(yang)祜、荆州刺吏(li)杨肇(zhao)往(wang)赴(fu)救阐。孙皓使陆(lu)抗(kang)西行,祜等遁退。抗(kang)陷城(cheng),斩(zhan)阐等,步(bu) 氏泯灭,惟璿绍祀。
颍(ying)川周昭著书称步骘(zhi)及严(yan)畯等(deng)曰(yue):“古今贤士大夫所(suo)以(yi)(yi)失名丧身倾家害国者(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)由(you) 非一也(ye)(ye)(ye),然要(yao)其(qi)大归,总其(qi)常患(huan),四者(zhe)(zhe)而已。急论(lun)议一也(ye)(ye)(ye),争(zheng)名势二也(ye)(ye)(ye),重朋(peng)党三也(ye)(ye)(ye), 务欲速四也(ye)(ye)(ye)。急论(lun)议则伤人,争(zheng)名势则败(bai)友(you),重朋(peng)党则蔽主,务欲速则失德(de),此(ci)四者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu) 除,未(wei)有(you)能(neng)全也(ye)(ye)(ye)。当(dang)世君(jun)(jun)子能(neng)不(bu)(bu)然者(zhe)(zhe),亦比有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),岂独古人乎!然论(lun)其(qi)绝异,未(wei)若(ruo)顾(gu)豫 章(zhang)(zhang)、诸葛使(shi)(shi)君(jun)(jun)、步丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)、严(yan)卫(wei)尉(wei)、张奋(fen)威之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为美也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《论(lun)语(yu)》言(yan)(yan)‘夫子恂恂然善(shan)(shan)诱人’, 又曰(yue)‘成人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,不(bu)(bu)成人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恶’,豫章(zhang)(zhang)有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。‘望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)俨(yan)然,即之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)温,听其(qi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)厉’, 使(shi)(shi)君(jun)(jun)体之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。‘恭而安,威而不(bu)(bu)猛’,丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)履(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。学不(bu)(bu)求禄(lu),心(xin)无(wu)苟得,卫(wei)尉(wei),奋(fen)威 蹈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。此(ci)五君(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe),虽德(de)实有(you)差,轻重不(bu)(bu)同(tong),至(zhi)于趣舍大检,不(bu)(bu)犯四者(zhe)(zhe),惧一揆也(ye)(ye)(ye)。昔(xi)(xi)丁谞出于孤(gu)家,吾粲由(you)于牧坚,豫章(zhang)(zhang)扬其(qi)善(shan)(shan),以(yi)(yi)并陆、全之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)列,是以(yi)(yi)人无(wu)幽滞而风俗厚 焉。使(shi)(shi)君(jun)(jun)、丞(cheng)(cheng)相(xiang)、卫(wei)尉(wei)三君(jun)(jun),昔(xi)(xi)以(yi)(yi)布衣俱相(xiang)友(you)善(shan)(shan),诸论(lun)者(zhe)(zhe)因各叙其(qi)优劣(lie)。
初,先(xian)卫尉,次丞相,而(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)使(shi)君也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)并事(shi)(shi)明主,经营世务,出处(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)才(cai)有(you)不(bu)(bu)同, 先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)须(xu)反其(qi)(qi)初,此世常(chang)人(ren)(ren)所决(jue)勤薄(bo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。至(zhi)(zhi)于三君分(fen)好,卒无(wu)亏损,岂非古人(ren)(ren)交(jiao)哉(zai)! 又鲁横江昔杖万兵,屯据陆口(kou),当世之(zhi)(zhi)美业也(ye)(ye)(ye),能(neng)与不(bu)(bu)能(neng),孰不(bu)(bu)愿焉?而(er)(er)横江既亡,卫 尉应其(qi)(qi)选,自以(yi)才(cai)非将帅,深辞固让,终于不(bu)(bu)就。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)徙九列,迁典(dian)八(ba)座,荣不(bu)(bu)足以(yi)自曜, 禄不(bu)(bu)足以(yi)自奉。至(zhi)(zhi)于二(er)君,皆(jie)位为上将,穷富极贵(gui)。卫尉既无(wu)求(qiu)(qiu)欲,二(er)君又不(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)荐,各守(shou)所志。保其(qi)(qi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)好。孔(kong)子曰:‘君子矜(jin)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)争,群而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)党。’斯(si)有(you)风矣。又奋(fen)威之(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming), 亦三君之(zhi)(zhi)次也(ye)(ye)(ye),当一(yi)方之(zhi)(zhi)戍,受上将之(zhi)(zhi)任,与使(shi)君、丞相不(bu)(bu)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)。然历国事(shi)(shi),论功劳, 实(shi)有(you)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou);故爵位之(zhi)(zhi)荣殊焉。而(er)(er)奋(fen)威将处(chu)此,决(jue)能(neng)明其(qi)(qi)部(bu)分(fen),心无(wu)失道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)欲,事(shi)(shi)无(wu)充(chong)诎 之(zhi)(zhi)求(qiu)(qiu)。每升朝堂,循礼而(er)(er)动(dong),辞气謇謇,罔(wang)不(bu)(bu)惟忠(zhong)。叔嗣虽(sui)亲(qin)贵(gui),言忧其(qi)(qi)败,蔡文至(zhi)(zhi)虽(sui) 疏贱,谈(tan)称(cheng)(cheng)其(qi)(qi)贤。女配太子,受礼若吊,慷(kang)忾之(zhi)(zhi)趋,惟笃人(ren)(ren)物,成败得(de)失,皆(jie)如所虑, 可(ke)谓守(shou)道(dao)见机(ji),好古之(zhi)(zhi)士也(ye)(ye)(ye)。若乃经国家,当军旅(lv),于驰骛之(zhi)(zhi)际,立(li)霸王之(zhi)(zhi)功,此五者(zhe) 未为过(guo)人(ren)(ren)。至(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)纯粹履道(dao),求(qiu)(qiu)不(bu)(bu)苟得(de),升降(jiang)当世,保全名(ming)(ming)(ming)行,邈然绝俗(su),实(shi)有(you)所师(shi)。故粗论其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi),以(yi)示(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)君子。周昭者(zhe)字(zi)恭远,与韦(wei)曜、薛莹、华核并述《吴书》,后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为中 书郎,坐事(shi)(shi)下狱,核表救之(zhi)(zhi),孙休不(bu)(bu)听,遂(sui)伏(fu)法云。
评曰:张(zhang)昭受遗辅佐(zuo),功勋克举,忠(zhong)謇(jian)方直,动不(bu)(bu)(bu)为己(ji)。而(er)以严(yan)见(jian)(jian)惮,以高(gao)见(jian)(jian)外, 既不(bu)(bu)(bu)处(chu)宰(zai)相,又不(bu)(bu)(bu)登(deng)师保(bao),从(cong)容闾巷,养老而(er)已,以此明(ming)权之不(bu)(bu)(bu)及策也(ye)。顾(gu)雍依杖素业, 而(er)将(jiang)之智局,故(gu)能究极荣位。诸葛瑾(jin)、步骘并以德度规检见(jian)(jian)器当世,张(zhang)承,顾(gu)邵(shao)虚心长 者,好尚人物,周(zhou)昭之论(lun),称之甚(shen)美,故(gu)详录焉。谭献(xian)纳在(zai)公,有忠(zhong)贞之节。休、承修 志,咸庶为善。爱恶(e)相攻,流(liu)播南裔,哀哉!
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