越王勾践栖(qi)(qi)于会稽之(zhi)上，乃号令于三军曰：「凡我(wo)父兄昆弟(di)及国子姓，有能助(zhu)寡人(ren)谋(mou)而(er)(er)退吴者，吾与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)共知越国之(zhi)政(zheng)。」大夫(fu)种进对曰：「臣闻(wen)之(zhi)，贾(jia)人(ren)夏则(ze)(ze)资皮，冬则(ze)(ze)资絺；旱则(ze)(ze)资舟，水则(ze)(ze)资车，以待(dai)乏也。夫(fu)虽无四(si)方(fang)之(zhi)忧，然谋(mou)臣与(yu)(yu)爪牙之(zhi)士，不(bu)可不(bu)养(yang)而(er)(er)择也；譬如蓑笠，时雨既至(zhi)必求(qiu)之(zhi)。今君既栖(qi)(qi)于会稽之(zhi)上，然后(hou)乃求(qiu)谋(mou)臣，无乃后(hou)乎？」勾践曰∶「苟得闻(wen)子大夫(fu)之(zhi)言(yan)，何后(hou)之(zhi)有？」执其手而(er)(er)与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)谋(mou)。
遂使(shi)之(zhi)行(xing)成(cheng)于吴(wu)曰：「寡(gua)君勾践(jian)乏无(wu)所使(shi)，使(shi)其(qi)下(xia)臣种(zhong)，不敢彻声闻于天(tian)王，私于下(xia)执事曰：寡(gua)君之(zhi)师徒(tu)，不足以(yi)辱君矣(yi)，愿以(yi)金玉子(zi)女(nv)赂君之(zhi)辱，请勾践(jian)女(nv)女(nv)于王，大夫女(nv)女(nv)于大夫，士女(nv)女(nv)于士，越(yue)(yue)国(guo)之(zhi)宝(bao)器毕从；寡(gua)君率越(yue)(yue)国(guo)之(zhi)众，以(yi)从君之(zhi)师徒(tu)，惟(wei)君左右之(zhi)。若以(yi)越(yue)(yue)国(guo)之(zhi)罪为不可赦也(ye)，将焚宗庙，系妻(qi)孥，沈金玉于江；有(you)带甲五千(qian)人(ren)，将以(yi)致(zhi)死，乃(nai)必有(you)偶(ou)，是(shi)以(yi)带甲万人(ren)事君也(ye)，无(wu)乃(nai)即伤(shang)君王之(zhi)所爱(ai)乎(hu)？与其(qi)杀是(shi)人(ren)也(ye)，宁(ning)其(qi)得此国(guo)也(ye)，其(qi)孰利(li)乎(hu)？」
夫(fu)差(cha)将欲听，与(yu)之(zhi)成(cheng)。子胥谏曰：「不(bu)(bu)(bu)可！夫(fu)吴(wu)之(zhi)与(yu)越也(ye)(ye)，仇(chou)雠(chou)敌战之(zhi)国也(ye)(ye)，三江环(huan)之(zhi)，民(min)无所移，有吴(wu)则无越，有越则无吴(wu)，君(jun)将不(bu)(bu)(bu)可改于是矣(yi)。员闻(wen)之(zhi)：『陆人居(ju)陆，水人居(ju)水。』夫(fu)上党之(zhi)国，我(wo)攻而胜(sheng)之(zhi)，吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)居(ju)其地(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)乘(cheng)其车；夫(fu)越国，吾(wu)攻而胜(sheng)之(zhi)，吾(wu)能(neng)居(ju)其地(di)，吾(wu)能(neng)乘(cheng)其舟。此其利也(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可失也(ye)(ye)已(yi)(yi)，君(jun)必灭(mie)之(zhi)。失此利也(ye)(ye)，虽悔之(zhi)，必无及已(yi)(yi)。」
越(yue)人(ren)饰(shi)美女八人(ren)，纳之太宰［喜否(fou)］，曰：「子苟赦越(yue)国(guo)罪，又(you)有美于此者将进之。」太宰［喜否(fou)］谏曰：「［喜否(fou)］闻古之伐国(guo)者，服(fu)(fu)之而(er)已；今已服(fu)(fu)矣，又(you)何(he)求(qiu)焉。」夫差(cha)与之成而(er)去之。
勾践(jian)说(shuo)于(yu)(yu)国(guo)人(ren)(ren)曰：「寡人(ren)(ren)不知其力之(zhi)(zhi)不足也，又与大国(guo)执雠(chou)，以暴露百姓之(zhi)(zhi)骨(gu)于(yu)(yu)中原，此则寡人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)罪也，寡人(ren)(ren)请更(geng)。」于(yu)(yu)是葬死者(zhe)(zhe)，问伤者(zhe)(zhe)，养生者(zhe)(zhe)，吊有(you)忧，贺有(you)喜，送往者(zhe)(zhe)，迎来者(zhe)(zhe)，去民之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)恶，补民之(zhi)(zhi)不足，然后(hou)卑事夫差，宦士三百人(ren)(ren)于(yu)(yu)吴，其身亲为夫差前马。
勾践(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地，南至(zhi)于(yu)句无，北至(zhi)于(yu)御儿，东至(zhi)于(yu)鄞，西(xi)至(zhi)于(yu)姑蔑，广运(yun)百(bai)里。乃致(zhi)其(qi)父(fu)母(mu)昆弟而(er)誓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)：「寡(gua)人(ren)闻古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贤君(jun)，四方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)归(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)归(gui)下(xia)也。 今寡(gua)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)能，将帅二(er)、三(san)(san)(san)子(zi)(zi)夫(fu)妇(fu)(fu)以(yi)蕃。」令(ling)壮者(zhe)(zhe)无取老妇(fu)(fu)，令(ling)老者(zhe)(zhe)无娶壮妻。女子(zi)(zi)十七不(bu)(bu)嫁，其(qi)父(fu)母(mu)有(you)罪(zui)；丈夫(fu)二(er)十不(bu)(bu)娶，其(qi)父(fu)母(mu)有(you)罪(zui)。将免者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)告，公令(ling)医守之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。生(sheng)(sheng)丈夫(fu)，二(er)壶酒、一犬；生(sheng)(sheng)女子(zi)(zi)，二(er)壶酒、一豚；生(sheng)(sheng)三(san)(san)(san)人(ren)，公与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母(mu)；生(sheng)(sheng)二(er)人(ren)，公与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饩(xi)。当(dang)室者(zhe)(zhe)死，三(san)(san)(san)年释其(qi)政(zheng)；支子(zi)(zi)死，三(san)(san)(san)月释其(qi)政(zheng)；必(bi)(bi)哭泣葬埋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如其(qi)子(zi)(zi)。令(ling)孤子(zi)(zi)、寡(gua)妇(fu)(fu)、疾(ji)疹、贫病者(zhe)(zhe)，纳宦其(qi)子(zi)(zi)。其(qi)达(da)士(shi)，洁(jie)其(qi)居(ju)，美(mei)其(qi)服，饱其(qi)食(shi)，而(er)摩厉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)义。四方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)来者(zhe)(zhe)，必(bi)(bi)庙礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，勾践(jian)(jian)载稻与脂于(yu)舟以(yi)行，国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孺子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)游者(zhe)(zhe)，无不(bu)(bu)哺也，无不(bu)(bu)歠也，必(bi)(bi)问其(qi)名。非其(qi)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所种则(ze)不(bu)(bu)食(shi)，非其(qi)夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所织则(ze)不(bu)(bu)衣。十年不(bu)(bu)收于(yu)国(guo)，民(min)俱有(you)三(san)(san)(san)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi)。
国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)兄请(qing)曰(yue)：「昔者(zhe)，夫(fu)差耻(chi)吾君(jun)于(yu)诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)；今(jin)(jin)越国(guo)亦节(jie)矣，请(qing)报(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)！」勾践(jian)(jian)辞曰(yue)：「昔者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)战也(ye)，非二、三(san)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)，寡(gua)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)。如寡(gua)人者(zhe)，安(an)与知(zhi)耻(chi)？请(qing)姑无庸战！」父(fu)(fu)(fu)兄又(you)请(qing)曰(yue)：「越四封之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内，亲吾君(jun)也(ye)，犹父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)也(ye)，子而思报(bao)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仇(chou)，臣而思报(bao)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雠，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)敢不(bu)(bu)尽(jin)力(li)者(zhe)乎？请(qing)复战！」勾践(jian)(jian)既(ji)许之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃致其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)众(zhong)而誓(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)：「寡(gua)人闻古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贤(xian)君(jun)，不(bu)(bu)患(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)众(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)足也(ye)，而患(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)志行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少耻(chi)也(ye)。今(jin)(jin)夫(fu)差衣水犀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甲(jia)者(zhe)，亿有(you)(you)三(san)千，不(bu)(bu)患(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少耻(chi)也(ye)，而患(huan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)众(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)足也(ye)。今(jin)(jin)寡(gua)人将助(zhu)天灭(mie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。吾不(bu)(bu)欲匹(pi)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇也(ye)，欲其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)旅进(jin)旅退(tui)。进(jin)则思赏，退(tui)则思刑(xing)；如此，则有(you)(you)常赏；进(jin)不(bu)(bu)用命，退(tui)则无耻(chi)，如此，则有(you)(you)常刑(xing)。」果行，国(guo)人皆劝：父(fu)(fu)(fu)勉其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)子，兄勉其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)弟，妇勉其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)夫(fu)，曰(yue)：「孰是吾君(jun)也(ye)，而可(ke)无死乎？」是故败吴于(yu)囿，又(you)败之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)没，又(you)郊(jiao)败之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
夫差行成，曰(yue)：「寡(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)师(shi)徒(tu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)足以(yi)辱(ru)(ru)君(jun)(jun)(jun)矣，请以(yi)金(jin)玉子女赂君(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)辱(ru)(ru)！」勾(gou)践对曰(yue)：「昔天(tian)以(yi)越与吴(wu)，而吴(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)受命；今(jin)天(tian)以(yi)吴(wu)予越，越可(ke)以(yi)无听天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)命而听君(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)令乎(hu)？吾请达(da)王甬、句东，吾与君(jun)(jun)(jun)为(wei)二君(jun)(jun)(jun)乎(hu)！」夫差对曰(yue)；「寡(gua)人(ren)礼先壹饭矣，君(jun)(jun)(jun)若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)忘周(zhou)室而为(wei)弊邑宸(chen)宇(yu)，亦寡(gua)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)愿也。君(jun)(jun)(jun)若(ruo)曰(yue)；『吾将(jiang)残汝社稷(ji)，灭汝宗庙。』寡(gua)人(ren)请死，余何面目(mu)以(yi)视于天(tian)下(xia)乎(hu)？越君(jun)(jun)(jun)其次也！」遂灭吴(wu)。此篇非古文观止所选，电子版初稿录入(ru)，姑(gu)从之(zhi)(zhi)。校(xiao)以(yi)四(si)部丛刊和(he)四(si)
部备要(yao)本国语(yu)及汪(wang)远(yuan)孙《考(kao)异》，异文多(duo)依丛刊，不一(yi)一(yi)注明。