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韩非子· 十过原文与翻译

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奚谓耽于(yu)女(nv)乐(le)(le)?昔者(zhe)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)使由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)聘(pin)于(yu)秦,穆(mu)公问(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)尝闻(wen)道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)得目见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也,原闻(wen)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明主(zhu)得国(guo)(guo)失国(guo)(guo)常(chang)何(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)?"由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"臣尝得闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi),常(chang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)俭得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)奢(she)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"穆(mu)公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)不辱(ru)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)问(wen)道(dao)于(yu)子,子以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)俭对(dui)寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)何(he)也?"由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)对(dui)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"臣闻(wen)昔者(zhe)尧有(you)(you)天下(xia),饭于(yu)土簋,饮于(yu)土铏。其(qi)(qi)(qi)地南至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交趾,北至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)"幽(you)都,东西至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日月(yue)所出入者(zhe),莫不实服(fu)(fu)。尧禅(shan)天下(xia),虞舜(shun)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),作为(wei)食(shi)器,斩山木而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)财子,削(xue)锯修其(qi)(qi)(qi)迹,流漆(qi)墨其(qi)(qi)(qi)上,输之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)宫(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)食(shi)器。诸(zhu)候以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)益侈,国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)十三(san)(san)。舜(shun)禅(shan)天下(xia)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)传之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)禹(yu),禹(yu)作为(wei)祭器,墨染其(qi)(qi)(qi)外,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)硃画书其(qi)(qi)(qi)内,缦帛(bo)为(wei)茵,将席颇缘,触(chu)酌有(you)(you)采,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)樽(zun)俎有(you)(you)饰。此(ci)弥(mi)(mi)侈矣(yi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)三(san)(san)十三(san)(san)。夏后(hou)氏没,殷人(ren)(ren)受之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),作为(wei)大路,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)建旒九,食(shi)器雕(diao)琢,觞酌刻镂(lou),白壁垩墀,茵席雕(diao)文。此(ci)弥(mi)(mi)侈矣(yi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)五十三(san)(san)。君子皆(jie)知文章(zhang)矣(yi),而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)欲服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)弥(mi)(mi)少(shao)。臣故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):俭其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)也。"由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)出,公乃召内史廖而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"寡(gua)人(ren)(ren):'闻(wen)邻国(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)圣人(ren)(ren),敌国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)忧(you)也。'今(jin)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu),圣人(ren)(ren)也,寡(gua)人(ren)(ren)患之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),吾将余(yu)(yu)何(he)?"内史廖曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"臣闻(wen)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居(ju),僻陋而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)道(dao)远,未(wei)闻(wen)中国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)。君其(qi)(qi)(qi)遣(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)乐(le)(le),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乱其(qi)(qi)(qi)政,而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)为(wei)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请期,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疏其(qi)(qi)(qi)谏(jian)。彼君臣有(you)(you)间而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)可图也。"君曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"诺(nuo)。"乃使内史廖以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)女(nv)乐(le)(le)二八(ba)遣(qian)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang),因为(wei)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)请期。戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)许诺(nuo),见其(qi)(qi)(qi)女(nv)乐(le)(le)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)说之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),设酒张(zhang)饮,日以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)听(ting)乐(le)(le),终几不迁(qian),牛马(ma)半死。由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)归,因谏(jian)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang),戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)(wang)弗听(ting),由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)遂去之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)秦。秦穆(mu)公迎而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)拜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上卿,问(wen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)兵势与其(qi)(qi)(qi)地形。既以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),举兵而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),兼国(guo)(guo)十二,开地千里。故曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):耽于女乐,不顾国(guo)政,则亡国(guo)之祸(huo)也(ye)。

什(shen)么(me)叫沉(chen)溺于(yu)女(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)歌舞(wu)?过去戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)派(pai)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)对秦国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)进行国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)事访问(wen)(wen)(wen),穆公(gong)(gong)问(wen)(wen)(wen)他(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)曾(ceng)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之道而(er)(er)未能亲(qin)眼看见,希望听(ting)(ting)听(ting)(ting)古代(dai)君主(zhu)(zhu)得国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)失国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)常(chang)常(chang)因(yin)为(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)?”由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)答说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)曾(ceng)经听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)过了(le),常(chang)常(chang)因(yin)为(wei)(wei)俭(jian)(jian)朴(po)得国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),因(yin)为(wei)(wei)奢(she)侈失国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”穆公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)不(bu)感到(dao)(dao)耻辱(ru)而(er)(er)向你打听(ting)(ting)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之道,你用俭(jian)(jian)朴(po)来(lai)回(hui)(hui)(hui)答我(wo)(wo)(wo),为(wei)(wei)什(shen)么(me)?”由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)答说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)过去尧拥有(you)(you)(you)天下(xia),用陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)吃饭,用陶器(qi)(qi)(qi)喝水(shui)。他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)领土南到(dao)(dao)交趾(zhi),北到(dao)(dao)幽都(dou)(dou),东(dong)西到(dao)(dao)达日月(yue)升落的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),没(mei)有(you)(you)(you)不(bu)臣服(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。尧禅让(rang)天下(xia),虞舜接受下(xia)来(lai),所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食(shi)具,都(dou)(dou)是(shi)(shi)砍伐(fa)山上(shang)树木(mu)制作成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),削锯成器(qi)(qi)(qi),修整痕迹,在(zai)上(shang)面(mian)涂上(shang)漆和墨(mo),送到(dao)(dao)宫(gong)里作为(wei)(wei)食(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。诸侯认(ren)为(wei)(wei)太奢(she)侈,不(bu)臣服(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)十(shi)三(san)个(ge)。虞舜禅让(rang)天下(xia),传给(ji)(ji)夏禹(yu)(yu),夏禹(yu)(yu)所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祭器(qi)(qi)(qi),在(zai)外面(mian)染墨(mo),里面(mian)绘(hui)上(shang)红色(se),缦帛做(zuo)车(che)垫(dian),草(cao)(cao)席饰有(you)(you)(you)斜纹(wen)边缘,杯(bei)勺(shao)有(you)(you)(you)花纹(wen),酒器(qi)(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)装饰。这就(jiu)更(geng)加奢(she)侈了(le),而(er)(er)不(bu)臣服(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)三(san)十(shi)三(san)个(ge)。夏王(wang)朝灭亡,殷商接受天下(xia),所做(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大辂(lu),旗子(zi)(zi)上(shang)装有(you)(you)(you)九条飘带(dai),食(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)雕琢,杯(bei)勺(shao)刻镂,白色(se)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)墙壁和台阶,垫(dian)席织成花纹(wen)。这就(jiu)更(geng)加奢(she)侈了(le),而(er)(er)不(bu)臣服(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)五十(shi)三(san)个(ge)。君主(zhu)(zhu)都(dou)(dou)注重文彩华丽了(le),而(er)(er)愿意服(fu)(fu)从的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)越来(lai)越少(shao)。所以我(wo)(wo)(wo)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),节(jie)俭(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)治国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原则。”由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)出去后,穆公(gong)(gong)就(jiu)召来(lai)内(nei)史(shi)廖,告(gao)诉他(ta)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)有(you)(you)(you)圣(sheng)人,是(shi)(shi)抗衡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)忧患(huan)。现在(zai)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)个(ge)圣(sheng)人,我(wo)(wo)(wo)很担(dan)心(xin)(xin)。我(wo)(wo)(wo)将怎(zen)么(me)办?”内(nei)史(shi)廖说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)(wo)听(ting)(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)居住(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)方(fang),荒(huang)僻简陋而(er)(er)道路遥远(yuan),没(mei)听(ting)(ting)过中原的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)声乐。您不(bu)妨赠给(ji)(ji)他(ta)女(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)歌舞(wu),去扰乱他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)事,然(ran)后替由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)请求延长回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)时间(jian),来(lai)疏(shu)远(yuan)由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劝谏。他(ta)们君臣有(you)(you)(you)了(le)隔阂,然(ran)后就(jiu)可(ke)以谋取了(le)。”穆公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“好(hao)吧(ba)。”就(jiu)派(pai)内(nei)史(shi)廖把十(shi)六个(ge)女(nv)(nv)乐赠送给(ji)(ji)戎(rong)(rong)王(wang),趁机替由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)请求延长回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)时间(jian)。戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)答应了(le),看到(dao)(dao)女(nv)(nv)乐而(er)(er)感到(dao)(dao)高兴,安排(pai)酒席在(zai)帐蓬中痛饮,每天听(ting)(ting)女(nv)(nv)乐,整年不(bu)迁徒(tu),牛马没(mei)有(you)(you)(you)水(shui)草(cao)(cao)吃,死了(le)一半。由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)回(hui)(hui)(hui)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),马上(shang)劝谏戎(rong)(rong)王(wang),戎(rong)(rong)王(wang)不(bu)听(ting)(ting),由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)就(jiu)离开戎(rong)(rong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)来(lai)到(dao)(dao)秦国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。秦穆公(gong)(gong)迎接他(ta)并拜他(ta)为(wei)(wei)上(shang)卿(qing),向由(you)(you)余(yu)(yu)(yu)询问(wen)(wen)(wen)戎(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兵(bing)力情况和地(di)理形(xing)势。已经了(le)解了(le)这些情况,出兵(bing)伐(fa)戎(rong)(rong),兼并十(shi)二个(ge)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia),开辟一千(qian)里土地(di)。所以说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),沉(chen)溺于(yu)女(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)歌舞(wu),不(bu)关心(xin)(xin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)政(zheng)事,是(shi)(shi)亡国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祸害(hai)。

奚谓离内远(yuan)游(you)?昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)齐景(jing)公(gong)游(you)于海而(er)(er)乐(le)之(zhi)。号令(ling)(ling)诸大夫曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"言归者(zhe)(zhe)死。"颜(yan)涿(zhuo)聚曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"君(jun)(jun)游(you)海而(er)(er)乐(le)之(zhi),奈(nai)臣有图国(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)何?君(jun)(jun)虽乐(le)之(zhi),将安得。"齐景(jing)公(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"寡人布(bu)令(ling)(ling)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)'言归者(zhe)(zhe)死',今(jin)子犯寡人之(zhi)令(ling)(ling)。"援戈(ge)将击之(zhi)。颜(yan)涿(zhuo)聚曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"昔(xi)桀杀关龙逢而(er)(er)纣杀王子比干,今(jin)君(jun)(jun)虽杀臣之(zhi)身(shen)(shen)(shen)以三之(zhi)可(ke)也。臣言为国(guo)(guo),非为身(shen)(shen)(shen)也。"延颈而(er)(er)前曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"君(jun)(jun)击之(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)!"君(jun)(jun)乃释戈(ge)趣驾而(er)(er)归。至三日,而(er)(er)闻国(guo)(guo)人有谋不内齐景(jing)公(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)矣(yi)(yi)。齐景(jing)公(gong)所以遂有齐国(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe),颜(yan)涿(zhuo)聚之(zhi)力地。故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):离内远(yuan)游(you),则危(wei)身(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)道(dao)也。

什(shen)么(me)(me)叫离开朝(chao)廷(ting)(ting)到(dao)远(yuan)方游(you)玩?过(guo)去(qu)(qu)齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)(gong)到(dao)渤海(hai)游(you)玩,非常高(gao)兴。下令给诸(zhu)大夫说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)要回(hui)去(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)处(chu)死(si)。”颜涿(zhuo)聚说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“您来海(hai)上游(you)玩得开心,然而臣子中有图(tu)谋篡国(guo)的(de)(de)人该(gai)怎么(me)(me)办?您现(xian)在(zai)虽然快乐,日后(hou)怎能再这样呢(ni)?”齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)(gong)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“我(wo)(wo)下令说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)谈论回(hui)去(qu)(qu)的(de)(de)就处(chu)死(si)。现(xian)在(zai)你违犯了(le)我(wo)(wo)的(de)(de)命(ming)令。”拿起戈(ge)来就要击杀(sha)。颜涿(zhuo)聚说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“过(guo)去(qu)(qu)夏桀杀(sha)了(le)关(guan)龙(long)逢(feng),商(shang)纣杀(sha)了(le)王子比干(gan),现(xian)在(zai)您即使(shi)杀(sha)死(si)我(wo)(wo),把我(wo)(wo)和关(guan)龙(long)逢(feng)、比干(gan)凑成三个也是可以的(de)(de)。我(wo)(wo)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)话是为国(guo)家(jia),不(bu)是为了(le)自身。伸着脖子上前说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo):“您杀(sha)了(le)我(wo)(wo)吧(ba)!”齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)(gong)便放下戈(ge)催促驾车(che)赶了(le)回(hui)去(qu)(qu)。回(hui)去(qu)(qu)三天以后(hou),就听(ting)说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)都城里有人图(tu)谋不(bu)让景(jing)公(gong)(gong)回(hui)城的(de)(de)了(le)。齐(qi)景(jing)公(gong)(gong)、之所以能继续统治齐(qi)国(guo),靠的(de)(de)是颜涿(zhuo)聚出了(le)力。所以说(shuo)(shuo)(shuo),离开朝(chao)廷(ting)(ting)到(dao)远(yuan)方游(you)玩,是使(shi)自己遭受危害的(de)(de)做法。

奚谓过而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听于(yu)忠臣?昔者(zhe)(zhe)齐桓(huan)公九合诸候,一匡天下,为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)伯长,管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)佐(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)老,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)用事(shi),休(xiu)居(ju)于(yu)家。桓(huan)公从(cong)而(er)问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)父(fu)家居(ju)有病,即不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起此病,政安迁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"臣老矣,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)问也(ye)(ye)。虽(sui)然,臣闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),知(zhi)(zhi)臣莫若君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),知(zhi)(zhi)子莫若父(fu)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)其试(shi)以(yi)(yi)心(xin)决之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"鲍(bao)叔牙(ya)何如(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。鲍(bao)叔牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren),刚(gang)愎(bi)而(er)上悍(han)。刚(gang)则(ze)犯民(min)以(yi)(yi)暴,愎(bi)则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得民(min)心(xin),悍(han)则(ze)下不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)用。其心(xin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惧(ju),非霸者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)。"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)何如(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。夫(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱(ai)其身(shen)。公妒(du)而(er)好内,竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)自獖以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)治内。其身(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱(ai),又安能(neng)(neng)爱(ai)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然,则(ze)术(shu)公子开方(fang)何如(ru)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。齐、卫(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过十日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行,开方(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)事(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),欲(yu)(yu)适君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)(gu),十五(wu)年不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)归见(jian)(jian)其父(fu)母(mu),此非人(ren)情(qing)也(ye)(ye)。其父(fu)母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亲(qin)也(ye)(ye),又能(neng)(neng)亲(qin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)乎?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)何?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。夫(fu)易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)主(zhu)味(wei)。君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)未尝(chang)食唯(wei)人(ren)肉耳,易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)蒸其子首(shou)而(er)进之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)所(suo)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing)莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱(ai)其子,今蒸其子以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)膳于(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),其子弗爱(ai),又安能(neng)(neng)爱(ai)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)乎?"公曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"然则(ze)孰可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)?"管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"隰(xi)朋可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)。其为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)也(ye)(ye),坚中而(er)廉外,少(shao)欲(yu)(yu)而(er)多信。夫(fu)坚中,则(ze)足以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)表;廉外,则(ze)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)大任(ren);少(shao)欲(yu)(yu),则(ze)能(neng)(neng)临其众;多信,则(ze)能(neng)(neng)亲(qin)邻国。此霸者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye),君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)其用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。"君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):"诺。"居(ju)一年馀,管(guan)钟死,君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)遂(sui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用隰(xi)朋而(er)与竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)。刁(diao)莅事(shi)三年,桓(huan)公南游堂(tang)阜,竖(shu)(shu)刁(diao)率易(yi)(yi)牙(ya)、卫(wei)公子开方(fang)及大臣为(wei)(wei)(wei)乱(luan)。桓(huan)公渴馁而(er)死南门之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寝、公守(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi),身(shen)死三月不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)收,虫出(chu)于(yu)户。故(gu)(gu)桓(huan)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵横行天下,为(wei)(wei)(wei)五(wu)伯长,卒见(jian)(jian)弑于(yu)其臣,而(er)灭高(gao)名,为(wei)(wei)(wei)天下笑者(zhe)(zhe),何也(ye)(ye)?不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用管(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):过而(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听于(yu)忠臣,独行其意,则(ze)灭其高(gao)名为(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)笑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)始也(ye)(ye)。

什么(me)(me)(me)叫有过(guo)(guo)错却(que)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)忠(zhong)(zhong)臣(chen)劝(quan)谏(jian)?过(guo)(guo)去(qu)齐桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)九合诸侯,一(yi)匡(kuang)天(tian)下(xia),为(wei)五(wu)霸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)辅佐(zuo)他(ta)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)老了(le)(le)(le),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)执(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng),安居在(zai)家。桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)去(qu)问(wen)他(ta)说:“您(nin)在(zai)家病(bing)着,假(jia)若不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸一(yi)病(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起,政(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)移交给谁?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“我(wo)老了(le)(le)(le),经不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)起问(wen)事(shi)了(le)(le)(le)。虽然这(zhei)样,我(wo)听(ting)说,了(le)(le)(le)解臣(chen)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莫(mo)过(guo)(guo)于君主(zhu)(zhu),了(le)(le)(le)解儿(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莫(mo)过(guo)(guo)于父亲。您(nin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)妨试着按自(zi)己想(xiang)法来(lai)决(jue)定(ding)吧。”桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说:“鲍叔牙怎么(me)(me)(me)样?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)。鲍叔牙为(wei)人(ren),刚强任(ren)性而崇尚(shang)凶(xiong)悍。刚强就(jiu)会粗暴(bao)地侵扰民(min)众(zhong),任(ren)性就(jiu)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)到民(min)心(xin)(xin),凶(xiong)悍了(le)(le)(le)臣(chen)民(min)就(jiu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)他(ta)使(shi)唤。他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)思无(wu)所(suo)畏惧,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是霸主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好帮手。”桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说:“那么(me)(me)(me)竖(shu)刁(diao)怎样?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情(qing)没有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱(ai)惜自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)体。您(nin)忌妒(du)而爱(ai)好女(nv)色,竖(shu)刁(diao)把自(zi)己阉割了(le)(le)(le)来(lai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)宫内事(shi)务。他(ta)连自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)身(shen)体都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)爱(ai)惜,又(you)怎么(me)(me)(me)能(neng)(neng)爱(ai)惜君主(zhu)(zhu)呢(ni)?”恒公(gong)(gong)说:“那么(me)(me)(me)卫公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)开方怎么(me)(me)(me)样?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)。齐、卫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)过(guo)(guo)十(shi)天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)路程,开方为(wei)了(le)(le)(le)侍奉君主(zhu)(zhu),为(wei)了(le)(le)(le)想(xiang)迎合君主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缘(yuan)故,十(shi)五(wu)年(nian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)回去(qu)看他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)父母,这(zhei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情(qing)。他(ta)连父母都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)亲近(jin),还能(neng)(neng)亲近(jin)君主(zhu)(zhu)吗(ma)?”桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说:“那么(me)(me)(me)易(yi)牙怎么(me)(me)(me)样?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)。易(yi)牙为(wei)您(nin)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)伙食(shi),您(nin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾吃(chi)过(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)只(zhi)有人(ren)肉,易(yi)牙蒸了(le)(le)(le)儿(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)头进献给您(nin),这(zhei)是您(nin)知道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常情(qing)没有不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怜爱(ai)自(zi)己孩子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),现在(zai)蒸自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)儿(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)作(zuo)为(wei)您(nin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)饭食(shi),他(ta)连儿(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)都(dou)(dou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)怜惜,又(you)怎能(neng)(neng)怜惜君主(zhu)(zhu)呢(ni)?”桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说:“那么(me)(me)(me)谁行(xing)(xing)呢(ni)?”管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)说:“隰(xi)朋行(xing)(xing)。他(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)人(ren),心(xin)(xin)地坚贞(zhen),行(xing)(xing)为(wei)廉正,少有私欲,多(duo)能(neng)(neng)守信。心(xin)(xin)地坚贞(zhen),就(jiu)足(zu)以(yi)作(zuo)表(biao)率(lv);行(xing)(xing)为(wei)廉正,就(jiu)可(ke)以(yi)担重任(ren);少有私欲,就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)驾驭(yu)属下(xia);多(duo)能(neng)(neng)守信,就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)亲近(jin)邻(lin)国。这(zhei)是霸主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)好帮手,您(nin)最好是用他(ta)。”桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)说:“好吧。”过(guo)(guo)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)年(nian)多(duo),管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)死,桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)便不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用隰(xi)朋而用竖(shu)刁(diao)。竖(shu)刁(diao)掌(zhang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)三年(nian),桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)南游堂阜,竖(shu)刁(diao)率(lv)领易(yi)牙、卫公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)开方以(yi)及(ji)大(da)臣(chen)趁机作(zuo)乱。桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)在(zai)南门(men)寝宫守卫房屋里(li)饥渴(ke)而死,死后三个月没人(ren)收葬,尸体上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蛆虫(chong)爬(pa)出门(men)外。所(suo)以(yi),桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)军队横行(xing)(xing)天(tian)下(xia),桓(huan)(huan)(huan)公(gong)(gong)身(shen)为(wei)五(wu)霸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首,最终被臣(chen)下(xia)所(suo)杀,从而丧失(shi)了(le)(le)(le)好名(ming)(ming)声,被天(tian)下(xia)人(ren)讥(ji)笑,为(wei)什么(me)(me)(me)?是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)管(guan)(guan)(guan)仲(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)忠(zhong)(zhong)告的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)错。所(suo)以(yi)说,有过(guo)(guo)错却(que)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听(ting)忠(zhong)(zhong)臣(chen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劝(quan)谏(jian),一(yi)意孤行(xing)(xing),是丧失(shi)好名(ming)(ming)声并被人(ren)耻(chi)笑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)开始。

奚谓(wei)(wei)内不(bu)(bu)量力?昔者(zhe)秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攻宜阳(yang),韩(han)(han)氏急(ji)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)朋谓(wei)(wei)韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)曰(yue)(yue):"与国不(bu)(bu)可恃也(ye),岂如因(yin)张仪为(wei)和于(yu)秦(qin)哉!因(yin)赂以(yi)(yi)名都而(er)(er)南与伐(fa)楚(chu)(chu)(chu),是患解于(yu)秦(qin)而(er)(er)害(hai)(hai)交于(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)也(ye)。"公(gong)曰(yue)(yue):"善。"乃警公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行,将西和秦(qin)。楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王闻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),惧,召(zhao)陈(chen)(chen)轸(zhen)而(er)(er)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue):"韩(han)(han)朋将西和秦(qin),今将奈何(he)?"陈(chen)(chen)轸(zhen)曰(yue)(yue):"秦(qin)得(de)韩(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都一(yi),驱其(qi)练甲,秦(qin)、韩(han)(han)为(wei)一(yi)以(yi)(yi)南乡楚(chu)(chu)(chu),此秦(qin)王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)庙祠而(er)(er)求也(ye),其(qi)为(wei)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)害(hai)(hai)必矣(yi)。王其(qi)趣(qu)发(fa)(fa)信臣,多其(qi)车,重其(qi)币,以(yi)(yi)奉韩(han)(han)曰(yue)(yue):'不(bu)(bu)谷(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国虽(sui)小,卒已悉起,愿大(da)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信意于(yu)秦(qin)也(ye)。因(yin)愿大(da)国令使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)入(ru)境视楚(chu)(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)起卒也(ye)。'"韩(han)(han)使(shi)(shi)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)楚(chu)(chu)(chu),楚(chu)(chu)(chu)王因(yin)发(fa)(fa)车骑,陈(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下路,谓(wei)(wei)韩(han)(han)使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)曰(yue)(yue):"报韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun),言(yan)弊邑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兵(bing)今将入(ru)境矣(yi)。"使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)还(hai)报韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun),韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)大(da)大(da)悦,止(zhi)公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)曰(yue)(yue):"不(bu)(bu)可。夫(fu)以(yi)(yi)实(shi)害(hai)(hai)我者(zhe),秦(qin)也(ye);以(yi)(yi)名救我者(zhe),楚(chu)(chu)(chu)也(ye)。听(ting)楚(chu)(chu)(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)虚言(yan)而(er)(er)轻强(qiang)秦(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实(shi)祸,则危(wei)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本也(ye)。"韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)弗听(ting)。公(gong)仲(zhong)(zhong)怒(nu)而(er)(er)归(gui),十日不(bu)(bu)朝(chao)。宜阳(yang)益急(ji),韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)令使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)趣(qu)卒于(yu)楚(chu)(chu)(chu),冠盖相望而(er)(er)卒无至者(zhe)。宜阳(yang)果拔,为(wei)诸(zhu)候笑。故(gu)曰(yue)(yue):内不(bu)(bu)量力,外恃诸(zhu)候者(zhe),则国削(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患也(ye)。

什么叫内不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)量(liang)力?过(guo)去(qu)(qu)(qu)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)攻打(da)宜阳时(shi),韩(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)危急。公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)朋对韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)说(shuo);“盟国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),还不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如通过(guo)张仪去(qu)(qu)(qu)和秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)讲(jiang)和呢!就用一个(ge)著名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)城(cheng)去(qu)(qu)(qu)贿赂秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),和秦(qin)(qin)一道(dao)南(nan)伐楚,这样(yang)就解除(chu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)秦(qin)(qin)对韩(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祸(huo)(huo)(huo)患,把(ba)祸(huo)(huo)(huo)害转嫁给(ji)楚了(le)(le)(le)(le)。”韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)说(shuo):“好(hao)。”于是(shi)命(ming)令公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)出使(shi)(shi),将西去(qu)(qu)(qu)与(yu)(yu)秦(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)和。楚王(wang)听说(shuo)后,感到(dao)害怕,召来(lai)(lai)陈轸告(gao)(gao)诉(su)说(shuo):“韩(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)朋将西去(qu)(qu)(qu)与(yu)(yu)秦(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)和,现在(zai)(zai)怎么办?”陈轸说(shuo):“秦(qin)(qin)得到(dao)韩(han)(han)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一座名城(cheng),驱使(shi)(shi)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精锐(rui)军队(dui),与(yu)(yu)韩(han)(han)联合起来(lai)(lai)向南(nan)攻楚,这是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)王(wang)庙祭(ji)时(shi)所祈求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),这必将成为楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祸(huo)(huo)(huo)害。大(da)王(wang)最好(hao)赶快派遣可(ke)靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)臣(chen),多(duo)带些车辆载上(shang)厚礼(li)来(lai)(lai)献(xian)给(ji)韩(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),说(shuo):‘楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)虽小(xiao),士卒已经(jing)全都发动起来(lai)(lai)了(le)(le)(le)(le),希(xi)(xi)望(wang)(wang)贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)向秦(qin)(qin)申明不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)屈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)图。为此(ci)希(xi)(xi)望(wang)(wang)贵国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)派使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)前来(lai)(lai)观察(cha)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)动员(yuan)起来(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)士卒。”’韩(han)(han)派人到(dao)楚,楚王(wang)便征发车骑排列(lie)在(zai)(zai)大(da)路上(shang),对韩(han)(han)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)说(shuo):“请报告(gao)(gao)韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun),说(shuo)我(wo)(wo)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)军队(dui)现在(zai)(zai)就要(yao)进(jin)入韩(han)(han)境了(le)(le)(le)(le)。”使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)回去(qu)(qu)(qu)报告(gao)(gao)韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun),韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)非常高兴,中止(zhi)了(le)(le)(le)(le)公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)去(qu)(qu)(qu)秦(qin)(qin)讲(jiang)和。公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)说(shuo):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)。在(zai)(zai)实(shi)际上(shang)危害我(wo)(wo)们的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)秦(qin)(qin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo);在(zai)(zai)名义上(shang)援救我(wo)(wo)们的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de),是(shi)楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。听从楚国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空(kong)头(tou)承(cheng)诺而忽视强秦(qin)(qin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)实(shi)际危害,那是(shi)危害国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祸(huo)(huo)(huo)根(gen)。”韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听。公(gong)(gong)仲(zhong)生气回家了(le)(le)(le)(le),十天(tian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang)朝(chao)。宜阳更(geng)加(jia)危急,韩(han)(han)君(jun)(jun)派使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)到(dao)楚催(cui)兵求(qiu)援,使(shi)(shi)者(zhe)去(qu)(qu)(qu)了(le)(le)(le)(le)一批(pi)又一批(pi),但楚军却没有一个(ge)到(dao)来(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。宜阳果然(ran)被攻克,成为诸侯(hou)间的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)笑料(liao)。所以(yi)说(shuo),内不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)量(liang)力,外(wai)靠诸侯(hou),是(shi)削弱国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祸(huo)(huo)(huo)患。

 

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