刘彭廖李刘魏杨传
刘(liu)封者,本罗侯寇氏之子,长沙(sha)刘(liu)氏之甥也。先主至荆州(zhou),以未有继嗣,养封为子。 及先主入蜀,自葭萌还攻刘(liu)璋,时封年二十余,有武艺,气力过(guo)人,将(jiang)兵俱(ju)与诸葛亮、 张(zhang)飞等(deng)溯流西(xi)上,所(suo)在战克(ke)。益州(zhou)既(ji)定,以封为副(fu)军中郎(lang)将(jiang)。
初,刘璋遣扶风孟达(da)(da)(da)副(fu)法正,各将(jiang)兵二千人(ren),使(shi)迎(ying)先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu),先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)因令达(da)(da)(da)并领(ling)(ling)其(qi)众(zhong)(zhong),留 屯江陵(ling)。蜀平后(hou),以(yi)达(da)(da)(da)为(wei)(wei)(wei)宜都太(tai)守(shou)(shou)。建安二十四年(nian),命达(da)(da)(da)从秭(zi)归北(bei)攻房(fang)(fang)陵(ling),房(fang)(fang)陵(ling)太(tai)守(shou)(shou)蒯 祺为(wei)(wei)(wei)达(da)(da)(da)兵所(suo)害。达(da)(da)(da)将(jiang)进攻上(shang)(shang)庸(yong),先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)阴恐难(nan)独任(ren),乃(nai)遣封自(zi)(zi)(zi)汉中乘沔水(shui)下统达(da)(da)(da)军(jun)(jun)(jun),与(yu)(yu)达(da)(da)(da) 军(jun)(jun)(jun)会(hui)上(shang)(shang)庸(yong)。上(shang)(shang)庸(yong)太(tai)守(shou)(shou)申(shen)耽(dan)举(ju)众(zhong)(zhong)降,遣妻(qi)子(zi)(zi)及宗族诣成都。先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)加(jia)耽(dan)征北(bei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun),领(ling)(ling)上(shang)(shang)庸(yong)太(tai) 守(shou)(shou)、员(yuan)乡侯(hou)如故,以(yi)耽(dan)弟(di)仪(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)建信将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)、西(xi)城(cheng)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun),迁松为(wei)(wei)(wei)副(fu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)关羽围樊城(cheng)、 襄(xiang)阳(yang),连(lian)呼封、达(da)(da)(da),令发兵自(zi)(zi)(zi)助。封、达(da)(da)(da)辞以(yi)山郡(jun)初附,未可动摇,不(bu)(bu)承羽命。会(hui)羽覆 败(bai),先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu)恨(hen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又封与(yu)(yu)达(da)(da)(da)忿争不(bu)(bu)和,封寻夺达(da)(da)(da)鼓(gu)吹。达(da)(da)(da)既惧罪,又忿恚封,遂表辞先(xian)主(zhu)(zhu), 率所(suo)领(ling)(ling)降魏(wei)。魏(wei)文帝(di)善(shan)达(da)(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姿才容(rong)观,以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)散骑常侍、建武将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun),封平阳(yang)亭侯(hou)。合房(fang)(fang)陵(ling)、 上(shang)(shang)庸(yong)、西(xi)城(cheng)三郡(jun)[为(wei)(wei)(wei)新都郡(jun),以(yi)]达(da)(da)(da)领(ling)(ling)新城(cheng)太(tai)守(shou)(shou)。遣征南将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)夏侯(hou)尚、右将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)(jun)徐晃与(yu)(yu)达(da)(da)(da)共 袭封。达(da)(da)(da)与(yu)(yu)封书曰:“古人(ren)有(you)言(yan):‘疏不(bu)(bu)间(jian)(jian)亲(qin)(qin),新不(bu)(bu)加(jia)旧’。此(ci)谓上(shang)(shang)明下直,谗(chan)慝不(bu)(bu)行(xing) 也(ye)。若乃(nai)权(quan)君谲(jue)主(zhu)(zhu),贤父(fu)慈亲(qin)(qin),犹(you)有(you)忠(zhong)臣蹈(dao)功以(yi)罹(li)祸,孝子(zi)(zi)抱仁以(yi)陷难(nan),种、商、白(bai)起、 孝己、伯奇,皆其(qi)类也(ye)。其(qi)所(suo)以(yi)然,非(fei)(fei)骨肉好离,亲(qin)(qin)亲(qin)(qin)乐患也(ye)。或有(you)恩移(yi)爱易(yi),亦有(you)谗(chan) 间(jian)(jian)其(qi)间(jian)(jian),虽忠(zhong)臣不(bu)(bu)能(neng)移(yi)于(yu)君,孝子(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)变之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)父(fu)者也(ye)。势(shi)利(li)所(suo)加(jia),改亲(qin)(qin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)仇,况非(fei)(fei)亲(qin)(qin)乎! 故申(shen)生(sheng)、卫伋、御寇、楚(chu)建禀受形之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi),当嗣立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正,而(er)犹(you)如此(ci)。今(jin)足下与(yu)(yu)汉中王(wang),道 路之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)耳(er),亲(qin)(qin)非(fei)(fei)骨血而(er)据势(shi)权(quan),义(yi)非(fei)(fei)君臣而(er)处(chu)上(shang)(shang)位,征则(ze)有(you)偏任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威,居则(ze)有(you)副(fu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)号, 远(yuan)近所(suo)间(jian)(jian)也(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)立阿斗为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)子(zi)(zi)已来,有(you)识之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)相(xiang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)寒(han)心。如使(shi)申(shen)生(sheng)从子(zi)(zi)舆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),必(bi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai) 伯;卫伋听其(qi)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谋,无(wu)彰父(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)讥也(ye)。且小白(bai)出奔,入而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)霸;重(zhong)耳(er)逾垣,卒以(yi)克复。 自(zi)(zi)(zi)古有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),非(fei)(fei)独今(jin)也(ye)。
“夫智(zhi)(zhi)贵(gui)免祸(huo),明尚夙达(da),仆(pu)揆汉中王(wang)虑定(ding)(ding)于内疑(yi)生于外(wai)矣;虑定(ding)(ding)则心固,疑(yi)生则 心惧,乱(luan)祸(huo)之(zhi)兴作,未曾不(bu)(bu)由废立之(zhi)间(jian)(jian)也(ye)。私(si)怨人情,不(bu)(bu)能不(bu)(bu)见(jian),恐左右必有以间(jian)(jian)于汉 中王(wang)矣。然则疑(yi)成怨间(jian)(jian),其发若(ruo)践机(ji)耳。今足(zu)下(xia)(xia)在远(yuan),尚可假息一时(shi)(shi);若(ruo)大军(jun)遂(sui)进,足(zu) 下(xia)(xia)失(shi)据而(er)(er)还,窃相为危之(zhi)。昔微子去殷(yin),智(zhi)(zhi)果别族,违难(nan)背祸(huo),犹皆如斯。今足(zu)下(xia)(xia)弃(qi)(qi)父 母而(er)(er)为人后,非(fei)礼也(ye);知祸(huo)将至(zhi)而(er)(er)留(liu)之(zhi),非(fei)智(zhi)(zhi)也(ye);见(jian)正不(bu)(bu)从而(er)(er)疑(yi)之(zhi),非(fei)义(yi)也(ye)。自号(hao)为丈 夫,为此三(san)者,何所贵(gui)乎?以足(zu)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)才,弃(qi)(qi)身(shen)来东(dong),继(ji)嗣罗侯,不(bu)(bu)为背亲也(ye);北面事(shi)君(jun), 以正纲纪,不(bu)(bu)为弃(qi)(qi)旧也(ye);怒不(bu)(bu)致乱(luan),以免危亡,不(bu)(bu)以徒行(xing)也(ye)。加(jia)陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)新受禅命,虚心侧 席,以德怀远(yuan),若(ruo)足(zu)下(xia)(xia)翻然内向,非(fei)但与仆(pu)为伦,受三(san)百户封,继(ji)统罗国(guo)而(er)(er)已,当更(geng)剖 符大邦,为始封之(zhi)君(jun)。陛(bi)下(xia)(xia)大军(jun),金鼓以震,当转都宛、邓;若(ruo)二敌不(bu)(bu)平,军(jun)无还期。 足(zu)下(xia)(xia)宜因(yin)此时(shi)(shi)早定(ding)(ding)良(liang)计。《易》有’利见(jian)大人’,《诗》有‘自求多福’。行(xing)矣。今足(zu) 下(xia)(xia)勉之(zhi),无使狐(hu)突(tu)闭门不(bu)(bu)出。”封不(bu)(bu)从达(da)言。
申仪叛封(feng)(feng)(feng),封(feng)(feng)(feng)破走(zou)还成都。申耽降魏,魏假耽怀集(ji)将军,徒居南阳,仪魏兴太守, 封(feng)(feng)(feng)(真乡(xiang)侯(hou)(hou))[员乡(xiang)侯(hou)(hou)],屯洵口。封(feng)(feng)(feng)既至,先主(zhu)责封(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)侵陵达,又不(bu)救羽。诸葛亮虑封(feng)(feng)(feng) 刚猛,易(yi)世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后终难制(zhi)御,劝先主(zhu)因此除之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。于是赐封(feng)(feng)(feng)死,使自裁。封(feng)(feng)(feng)叹曰:“恨不(bu)用 孟子(zi)(zi)度之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言!”先主(zhu)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流涕(ti)。达本字子(zi)(zi)敬(jing)(jing),避先主(zhu)叔父(fu)敬(jing)(jing),改(gai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
彭(peng)囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)[音(yin)漾(yang)]字永年(nian),广(guang)(guang)汉人(ren)。身长八尺,容貌(mao)甚伟(wei)。姿性骄傲(ao),多(duo)所轻忽,惟敬同(tong) 郡秦子敕(chi),荐之(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)太(tai)守(shou)(shou)许(xu)靖(jing)曰:“昔高宗梦傅(fu)说,周文求吕尚(shang),爰及汉祖,纳食(shi)(shi)其(qi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)布(bu) 衣,此乃帝王之(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)倡业垂(chui)统(tong)(tong)(tong),缉熙厥功也。今(jin)明府稽古(gu)皇极,允执神灵(ling),体公刘之(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de), 行(xing)(xing)勿翦之(zhi)(zhi)惠,《清庙》之(zhi)(zhi)作于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是乎始,褒贬之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是乎兴,然(ran)而六翮未之(zhi)(zhi)备也。伏(fu)见(jian)处 士绵竹秦宓,膺山(shan)甫之(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de),履隽生之(zhi)(zhi)直,枕(zhen)石漱流,吟(yin)咏(yong)云囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)[音(yin)蕴]偃息于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)仁义(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)途, 恬淡于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)浩(hao)然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)域(yu),高概节(jie)行(xing)(xing),守(shou)(shou)直不亏,虽古(gu)人(ren)潜遁,蔑以(yi)(yi)加旃。若明府能(neng)招致此人(ren), 必有忠(zhong)谠落落之(zhi)(zhi)誉,丰(feng)功厚(hou)利,建迹(ji)立勋,然(ran)后纪功于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王府,飞声于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)来(lai)世(shi),不亦美哉!” 囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)仕州不过(guo)书(shu)佐,后又为众人(ren)所谤(bang)毁(hui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)州牧刘璋(zhang),璋(zhang)髠钳囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)为徒(tu)隶。会先(xian)主(zhu)入蜀(shu), 溯流北行(xing)(xing)。囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)欲纳说先(xian)主(zhu),乃往(wang)见(jian)庞统(tong)(tong)(tong)。统(tong)(tong)(tong)与囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)非故人(ren),又适有宾(bin)客(ke),囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)径上床(chuang)卧,谓 统(tong)(tong)(tong)曰:“须客(ke)罢当与卿(qing)善(shan)(shan)谈。”统(tong)(tong)(tong)客(ke)既罢,往(wang)就囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坐,囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)又先(xian)责统(tong)(tong)(tong)食(shi)(shi),然(ran)后共语,因留 信(xin)宿(su),至于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)经(jing)日。统(tong)(tong)(tong)大(da)善(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi),而法正(zheng)宿(su)自(zi)知(zhi)囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),遂并(bing)致之(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)主(zhu)。先(xian)主(zhu)亦以(yi)(yi)为奇(qi),数令囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei) 宣传军事(shi),指授诸将,奉使称意,识遇日加。成都既定,先(xian)主(zhu)领益(yi)州牧,拔囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)为治中从 事(shi)。囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)起(qi)徒(tu)步,一朝处州人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)上,形色(se)嚣然(ran),自(zi)矜得遇滋甚。诸葛亮(liang)虽外接待(dai)囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),而内 不能(neng)善(shan)(shan),屡密言先(xian)主(zhu),囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)心(xin)大(da)志广(guang)(guang),难可保安。先(xian)主(zhu)既敬信(xin)亮(liang),加察囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)行(xing)(xing)事(shi),意以(yi)(yi)稍疏(shu), 左迁囗(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)为阳(yang)江太(tai)守(shou)(shou)。
囗闻当(dang)(dang)远出(chu),私(si)情(qing)不悦,往诣马超。超问囗曰:“卿才(cai)具秀拔,主(zhu)公相待至(zhi)重,谓 卿当(dang)(dang)与孔明、孝(xiao)直(zhi)诸(zhu)人(ren)齐足并驱,宁当(dang)(dang)外授(shou)小(xiao)郡(jun),失人(ren)本望乎?”囗曰:“老(lao)革(ge)荒悖, 可复道(dao)邪!”又谓超曰:“卿为(wei)其外,我为(wei)其内,天下不足。”超羁(ji)旅归国,常怀危惧, 闻囗言大惊,默然不答。囗退,具表囗辞,于(yu)是收囗付有司。 囗于(yu)狱(yu)中(zhong)与诸(zhu)葛(ge)亮书(shu)曰:“仆昔有事(shi)于(yu)诸(zhu)侯,以为(wei)曹操暴虐,孙权无(wu)道(dao),振威暗弱,
其(qi)(qi)惟主(zhu)公(gong)有霸王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器,可与兴业(ye)(ye)致治,故乃翻然有轻举之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志。会人(ren)来西,仆因法孝直自(zi) 炫鬻,庞统斟酌其(qi)(qi)间,遂(sui)(sui)得诣公(gong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)葭(jia)萌,指掌而(er)谭,论治世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)务,讲霸王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,建(jian)取益(yi) 州(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)策(ce),公(gong)亦宿虑明(ming)定,即相然赞,遂(sui)(sui)举事焉。仆于(yu)(yu)(yu)故州(zhou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)免凡(fan)庸(yong),优(you)于(yu)(yu)(yu)罪(zui)罔,得遭风 云激矢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中,求(qiu)君得君,志行名显,从(cong)布衣(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中擢为(wei)国士,盗(dao)窃茂(mao)才。分子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厚,谁复(fu) 过此(ci)。囗一朝狂悖,自(zi)求(qiu)菹(zu)醢,为(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忠不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)义之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鬼(gui)乎!先民有言,左手(shou)据天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)图,右(you)手(shou) 刎咽喉,愚夫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。况仆颇(po)别菽麦(mai)者(zhe)哉!所以(yi)有怨(yuan)(yuan)望意者(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)自(zi)度量,苟(gou)以(yi)为(wei)首(shou)兴事 业(ye)(ye),而(er)有投江阳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)懈(xie)主(zhu)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,意卒(zu)感激,颇(po)以(yi)被酒,脱(tuo)失(shi)‘老(lao)’语。此(ci)仆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia) 愚薄虑所致,主(zhu)公(gong)实(shi)未(wei)老(lao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。且(qie)夫立业(ye)(ye),岂在老(lao)少,西伯(bo)九十,宁(ning)有衰志,负我(wo)慈父, 罪(zui)有百死。至于(yu)(yu)(yu)内(nei)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,欲使孟(meng)起(qi)立功北州(zhou),戮力主(zhu)公(gong),共讨曹操(cao)耳(er),宁(ning)敢有他志邪(xie)? 孟(meng)起(qi)说之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是也(ye)(ye)(ye),但不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分别其(qi)(qi)间,痛(tong)人(ren)心耳(er)。昔每与庞统共相誓(shi)约,庶托(tuo)足(zu)下(xia)末踪,尽心 于(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye)(ye),追名古人(ren),载勋竹帛。统不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)幸(xing)而(er)死,仆败以(yi)取祸。自(zi)我(wo)堕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),将复(fu)谁怨(yuan)(yuan)! 足(zu)下(xia),当世(shi)伊、吕也(ye)(ye)(ye),宜善与主(zhu)公(gong)计事,济其(qi)(qi)大猷。天明(ming)地察,神祗有灵,复(fu)何(he)言哉! 贵使足(zu)下(xia)明(ming)仆本心耳(er)。行矣努力,自(zi)爱,自(zi)爱!”囗竟诛死,时年三十七。
廖立字公渊(yuan),武陵临沅(yuan)人。先(xian)主领荆州牧,辟为(wei)从事,年(nian)未三十(shi),擢为(wei)长(zhang)沙太守。 先(xian)主入蜀,诸葛亮镇荆土,孙权(quan)遣(qian)使通好于亮,因问(wen)士人皆(jie)谁相经(jing)纬者,亮答曰:“庞 统、廖立,楚之(zhi)良才,当赞兴世业者也。”建(jian)安二十(shi)年(nian),权(quan)遣(qian)吕蒙奄袭南三郡,立脱身 走,自归先(xian)主。先(xian)主素识待之(zhi),不深责(ze)也,以为(wei)巴郡太守。二十(shi)四年(nian),先(xian)主为(wei)汉中(zhong)王, 征立为(wei)侍(shi)中(zhong)。后主袭位,徒长(zhang)水校尉(wei)。
立(li)(li)本意,自谓才名宜为(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)葛亮(liang)之贰,而更游散在李严(yan)等下,常怀怏(yang)怏(yang)。后(hou)丞相(xiang)掾 (李邰)[李邵]、蒋(jiang)琬至(zhi),立(li)(li)计曰(yue):“军(jun)(jun)当远出,卿诸(zhu)(zhu)人好谛其事(shi)。昔先(主)[帝]不(bu)(bu) 取汉中(zhong),走与吴人争南(nan)三(san)郡,卒以三(san)郡与吴人,徒(tu)劳役更士,无(wu)(wu)益而还(hai)。既(ji)亡汉中(zhong),使(shi) 夏侯渊、张邰深入于巴,几丧(sang)一(yi)州。后(hou)至(zhi)汉中(zhong)使(shi)关侯身死(si)无(wu)(wu)孑(jie)遗,上庸覆败,徒(tu)失(shi)一(yi)方。 是羽怙恃勇名,作(zuo)军(jun)(jun)无(wu)(wu)法,直以意突(tu)耳(er),故(gu)前后(hou)数丧(sang)师众(zhong)(zhong)也。如向朗(lang)、文恭(gong),凡俗(su)之人 耳(er)。恭(gong)作(zuo)治(zhi)中(zhong)无(wu)(wu)纲纪;朗(lang)昔奉马(ma)良兄弟,谓为(wei)圣人,今(jin)作(zuo)长史,素能合道。中(zhong)郎郭演长, 从人者耳(er),不(bu)(bu)足与经大(da)事(shi),而作(zuo)侍(shi)中(zhong)。今(jin)弱世也,欲任此三(san)人,为(wei)不(bu)(bu)然也。王连流俗(su), 苟作(zuo)掊(pou)克,使(shi)百姓(xing)疲(pi)弊,以致(zhi)今(jin)日。”(邰)[邵]、琬具白其言(yan)于诸(zhu)(zhu)葛亮(liang)。亮(liang)表立(li)(li)曰(yue): “长水(shui)校尉廖立(li)(li),坐自贵大(da),臧否群(qun)(qun)士,公言(yan)国(guo)(guo)家(jia)不(bu)(bu)任贤达(da)而任俗(su)吏,又言(yan)万人率者皆 小子也;诽谤先帝,疵毁众(zhong)(zhong)臣(chen)。人有言(yan)国(guo)(guo)家(jia)兵众(zhong)(zhong)简练(lian),部伍分明者,立(li)(li)举头视屋,愤(fen)咤(zha) 作(zuo)色曰(yue):‘何足言(yan)!’凡如是者不(bu)(bu)可胜数。羊(yang)之乱群(qun)(qun),犹(you)能为(wei)害,况(kuang)立(li)(li)托在大(da)位,中(zhong)人 以下识真伪邪(xie)?”于是废(fei)立(li)(li)为(wei)民(min),徒(tu)汶山(shan)(shan)郡。立(li)(li)躬率妻(qi)子耕殖自守(shou),闻诸(zhu)(zhu)葛亮(liang)卒,垂泣(qi) 叹曰(yue):“吾(wu)终为(wei)左衽矣!”后(hou)监军(jun)(jun)姜维率偏军(jun)(jun)经汶山(shan)(shan),诣立(li)(li),称立(li)(li)意气不(bu)(bu)衰,言(yan)论(lun)自若(ruo)。 立(li)(li)遂终徒(tu)所。妻(qi)子还(hai)蜀(shu)。
李严(yan)(yan)字正(zheng)方,南阳人也。少(shao)为(wei)(wei)郡职(zhi)吏,以(yi)(yi)才干称。荆(jing)牧刘表(biao)使历诸(zhu)(zhu)郡县(xian)。曹公入(ru)荆(jing) 州(zhou)时,严(yan)(yan)宰秭归,遂西诣蜀,刘璋以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)成(cheng)都(dou)(dou)令(ling),复(fu)有能名。建(jian)安(an)十(shi)八年,署严(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)护(hu)军(jun), 拒先(xian)主(zhu)于(yu)(yu)绵竹。严(yan)(yan)率众降(jiang)先(xian)主(zhu),先(xian)主(zhu)拜(bai)严(yan)(yan)裨将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)。成(cheng)都(dou)(dou)既定,为(wei)(wei)犍为(wei)(wei)太守、兴业(ye)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)。 二十(shi)三年,盗贼马秦、高胜等起事于(yu)(yu)郪(qi),合聚部伍数万(wan)人,到(dao)资(zi)中县(xian)。时先(xian)主(zhu)在(zai)汉(han)中, 严(yan)(yan)不更发(fa)兵(bing),但(dan)率将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)郡士五千人讨之,斩(zhan)秦、胜等产。枝党星散,悉复(fu)民籍。又(you)越囗夷 率高定遣军(jun)围新道县(xian),严(yan)(yan)驰往赴(fu)救,贼皆(jie)破走。加(jia)辅汉(han)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun),领郡如故。章(zhang)武二年,先(xian) 主(zhu)征严(yan)(yan)诣永(yong)安(an)宫,拜(bai)尚(shang)书令(ling)。三年,先(xian)主(zhu)疾病,严(yan)(yan)与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)(liang)并受遗诏辅少(shao)主(zhu);以(yi)(yi)严(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)中 都(dou)(dou)护(hu),统内外军(jun)事,留镇永(yong)安(an)。建(jian)兴元年,封都(dou)(dou)乡侯,假节(jie),加(jia)光禄勋。四年,转(zhuan)为(wei)(wei)前 将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)。以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)葛(ge)亮(liang)(liang)欲出(chu)军(jun)汉(han)中,严(yan)(yan)当知(zhi)后事,移(yi)屯江州(zhou),留护(hu)军(jun)陈到(dao)驻永(yong)安(an),皆(jie)统属(shu)严(yan)(yan)。 严(yan)(yan)与(yu)(yu)孟达书曰:“吾与(yu)(yu)孔明俱受寄托,忧深责(ze)重(zhong),思得良(liang)伴。”亮(liang)(liang)亦与(yu)(yu)达书曰:“部分 如流,趋舍罔滞,正(zheng)方性也。”其(qi)见(jian)贵(gui)重(zhong)如此(ci)。八年,迁骠(piao)骑将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)军(jun)。以(yi)(yi)曹真欲三道向汉(han) 川(chuan),亮(liang)(liang)命严(yan)(yan)将(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)二万(wan)人赴(fu)汉(han)中。亮(liang)(liang)表(biao)严(yan)(yan)子丰为(wei)(wei)江州(zhou)都(dou)(dou)督(du)督(du)军(jun),典(dian)为(wei)(wei)后事。亮(liang)(liang)以(yi)(yi)明年当出(chu)军(jun), 命严(yan)(yan)以(yi)(yi)中都(dou)(dou)护(hu)署府事。严(yan)(yan)改名为(wei)(wei)平。
九年(nian)(nian)春(chun),亮(liang)军(jun)祁山,平(ping)(ping)(ping)催督(du)运(yun)事。秋夏之(zhi)(zhi)际(ji),值(zhi)天霖雨,运(yun)粮(liang)不(bu)继,平(ping)(ping)(ping)遣参(can)军(jun)狐忠、 督(du)军(jun)成藩(fan)喻指,呼亮(liang)来还(hai);亮(liang)承以(yi)退军(jun)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)闻军(jun)退,乃更阳惊,说“军(jun)粮(liang)饶足(zu),何(he)以(yi)便 归”!欲(yu)(yu)以(yi)解己不(bu)办之(zhi)(zhi)责,显亮(liang)不(bu)进之(zhi)(zhi)愆也(ye)。又表(biao)后(hou)主(zhu)(zhu),说“军(jun)伪退,欲(yu)(yu)以(yi)诱贼与(yu)战”。 亮(liang)具(ju)出其(qi)前后(hou)手笔(bi)书疏本(ben)末(mo),平(ping)(ping)(ping)违错章(zhang)灼。平(ping)(ping)(ping)辞穷情(qing)竭,首谢罪负(fu)。于是(shi)亮(liang)表(biao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)曰: “自先帝崩后(hou),平(ping)(ping)(ping)所在(zai)治家(jia),尚为小惠,安身求名,无忧国之(zhi)(zhi)事。臣(chen)当(dang)北出,欲(yu)(yu)得(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)兵 以(yi)镇汉(han)中(zhong),平(ping)(ping)(ping)穷难纵横,无有来意(yi),而求以(yi)五郡为巴州剌史。去年(nian)(nian)臣(chen)欲(yu)(yu)西征,欲(yu)(yu)令平(ping)(ping)(ping)主(zhu)(zhu) 督(du)汉(han)中(zhong),平(ping)(ping)(ping)说司(si)马懿等开府(fu)辟召。臣(chen)知(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)鄙情(qing),欲(yu)(yu)因行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)际(ji)逼臣(chen)取利也(ye),是(shi)以(yi)表(biao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)子丰(feng) 督(du)主(zhu)(zhu)江州,隆崇其(qi)遇,以(yi)取一时之(zhi)(zhi)务。平(ping)(ping)(ping)至(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),都委诸(zhu)事,群(qun)臣(chen)上下皆怪臣(chen)待(dai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)厚 也(ye)。正以(yi)大事未定,汉(han)室倾危,代平(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)短,莫若褒之(zhi)(zhi)。然(ran)谓平(ping)(ping)(ping)情(qing)在(zai)于荣利而已,不(bu)意(yi)平(ping)(ping)(ping) 心颠倒乃尔。若事稽留(liu),将致(zhi)祸败,是(shi)臣(chen)不(bu)敏,言多增咎。”乃废平(ping)(ping)(ping)为民,徒梓潼郡。 十二年(nian)(nian),平(ping)(ping)(ping)闻亮(liang)卒,发病(bing)死(si)。平(ping)(ping)(ping)常冀亮(liang)当(dang)自补复,策(ce)后(hou)人(ren)不(bu)能,故以(yi)激愤也(ye)。丰(feng)官至(zhi)(zhi)朱 提太守。
刘(liu)琰字威硕,鲁(lu)国人也。先(xian)主(zhu)在(zai)豫州,辟为从事,以其(qi)宗姓,有(you)风流,善(shan)谈论,厚 亲待之(zhi)(zhi),遂随从周(zhou)旋(xuan),常为宾(bin)客(ke)。先(xian)主(zhu)定益州,以琰为固陵(ling)太守。后主(zhu)立,封都(dou)乡侯(hou), 班位每亚李严,为卫(wei)尉中军(jun)师后将(jiang)军(jun),迁车(che)骑将(jiang)军(jun),然不(bu)豫国政(zheng),但领兵千余,随丞相 亮(liang)(liang)(liang)讽议(yi)而已。车(che)服饮食,号为侈靡(mi),侍婢数十,皆能为声(sheng)乐,又悉教(jiao)诵(song)读《鲁(lu)灵光殿(dian) 赋》。建(jian)兴十年(nian),与前(qian)军(jun)师魏延不(bu)和,言(yan)语虚(xu)诞(dan),亮(liang)(liang)(liang)责让之(zhi)(zhi)。琰与亮(liang)(liang)(liang)笺(jian)谢曰:“琰禀(bing)性 空虚(xu),本薄操行,加有(you)酒荒之(zhi)(zhi)病,自(zi)先(xian)帝以来,纷(fen)纭之(zhi)(zhi)论,殆将(jiang)倾(qing)覆。颇蒙(meng)明公本其(qi)一 心在(zai)国,原其(qi)身(shen)中秽垢,扶持全(quan)济(ji),致其(qi)禄位,以至今日(ri)。间埏迷醉,言(yan)有(you)违(wei)错,慈(ci)恩 含(han)忍,不(bu)致之(zhi)(zhi)于理,使得(de)全(quan)完,保育性命(ming)。虽必克己责躬,改(gai)过投死,以誓神灵;无(wu)所 用命(ming),则(ze)靡(mi)寄颜。”于是亮(liang)(liang)(liang)遣琰还成都(dou),官(guan)位如故。
琰(yan)失志慌惚。十(shi)二(er)年(nian)正月,琰(yan)妻(qi)胡(hu)(hu)氏(shi)入贺太后(hou),太后(hou)令特留胡(hu)(hu)氏(shi),经月乃(nai)出(chu)。胡(hu)(hu)氏(shi) 有(you)美色,琰(yan)疑(yi)其与后(hou)主(zhu)有(you)私,呼(卒)五百挝胡(hu)(hu),至于以(yi)履捕面(mian),而(er)(er)后(hou)弃(qi)遣(qian)。胡(hu)(hu)具以(yi)告(gao) 言琰(yan),琰(yan)坐下狱,有(you)司议曰:“卒非挝妻(qi)之人,面(mian)非受履之地。”琰(yan)竟(jing)弃(qi)市。自(zi)(zi)是大(da)(da)臣(chen) 妻(qi)母朝庆遂绝。 魏(wei)延(yan)(yan)字文长,义阳人也(ye)。以(yi)部曲随先(xian)主(zhu)入蜀,数(shu)有(you)战(zhan)功,迁牙门将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。先(xian)主(zhu)为(wei)(wei)汉(han)中(zhong) 王,迁治成都(dou),当得重(zhong)(zhong)将(jiang)以(yi)镇汉(han)川,众论以(yi)为(wei)(wei)必在张飞,飞亦以(yi)心自(zi)(zi)许。先(xian)主(zhu)乃(nai)拔延(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei) 督汉(han)中(zhong)镇远将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),领汉(han)中(zhong)太守,一军(jun)(jun)尽惊。先(xian)主(zhu)大(da)(da)会群臣(chen),问延(yan)(yan)曰:“今委卿以(yi)重(zhong)(zhong)任(ren), 卿居之欲(yu)云何?”延(yan)(yan)对(dui)曰:“若曹(cao)操举天下而(er)(er)来,请为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)王拒之;偏将(jiang)十(shi)万之众至,请 为(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)王吞(tun)之。”先(xian)主(zhu)称善,众咸(xian)壮其言。先(xian)主(zhu)践尊号(hao),进(jin)拜镇北将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。建兴元年(nian),封(feng)都(dou) 亭侯(hou)。五年(nian),请诸葛(ge)亮驻汉(han)中(zhong),更(geng)以(yi)延(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)督前部,领丞相司马、凉州(zhou)剌(la)(la)史。八年(nian),使(shi)延(yan)(yan) 西入羌中(zhong),魏(wei)后(hou)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)费瑶(yao)、雍(yong)州(zhou)剌(la)(la)史郭淮(huai)与延(yan)(yan)战(zhan)于阳溪,延(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)破淮(huai)等,迁为(wei)(wei)前军(jun)(jun)师、征 西大(da)(da)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),假(jia)节(jie),进(jin)封(feng)南郑侯(hou)。
延(yan)(yan)(yan)每随(sui)亮(liang)(liang)(liang)出,辄(zhe)欲(yu)请兵万人(ren)(ren),与亮(liang)(liang)(liang)异道会于潼关,如(ru)韩信故事,亮(liang)(liang)(liang)制而(er)(er)不(bu)许。延(yan)(yan)(yan)常 谓(wei)亮(liang)(liang)(liang)为怯,叹恨己才(cai)用(yong)之不(bu)尽。延(yan)(yan)(yan)既善养士卒,勇猛过(guo)人(ren)(ren),又性(xing)矜高,当时(shi)皆避(bi)下(xia)之。 唯(wei)杨仪不(bu)假借(jie)延(yan)(yan)(yan),延(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)为忿,有如(ru)水火(huo)。十(shi)二年,亮(liang)(liang)(liang)出北谷口,延(yan)(yan)(yan)为前锋。出亮(liang)(liang)(liang)营十(shi)里, 延(yan)(yan)(yan)梦头(tou)上(shang)生角,以(yi)问占梦赵直(zhi),直(zhi)诈(zha)延(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue):“夫(fu)麒麟有角而(er)(er)不(bu)用(yong);此不(bu)战而(er)(er)贼欲(yu)自破(po)之 象(xiang)也(ye)。”退而(er)(er)告人(ren)(ren)曰(yue):“角之为字,刀下(xia)用(yong)也(ye);头(tou)上(shang)用(yong)刀,其凶甚矣。”
秋,亮病困,密(mi)与(yu)长(zhang)史(shi)(shi)杨(yang)仪(yi)、司马费祎、护军(jun)姜(jiang)维(wei)等(deng)(deng)作(zuo)(zuo)身(shen)殁之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)退(tui)军(jun)节(jie)度,令(ling)延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)断(duan) 后(hou),姜(jiang)维(wei)次(ci)之(zhi)(zhi);若延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)不(bu)从命(ming)(ming),军(jun)使自(zi)发(fa)。亮适卒,秘不(bu)发(fa)丧,仪(yi)令(ling)祎往揣延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)意(yi)指(zhi)。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan) 曰(yue):“丞相(xiang)虽亡(wang),吾自(zi)见(jian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)。府亲官属便可将(jiang)(jiang)丧还葬,吾自(zi)当率(lv)诸(zhu)(zhu)军(jun)击(ji)(ji)贼(zei),云(yun)何(he)以一人 死废天下之(zhi)(zhi)事邪?且魏(wei)延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)何(he)人,当为杨(yang)仪(yi)所(suo)(suo)部(bu)勒,作(zuo)(zuo)断(duan)后(hou)将(jiang)(jiang)乎(hu)!”因与(yu)祎共(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)行留部(bu)分(fen), 令(ling)祎手书与(yu)己(ji)连(lian)名,告下诸(zhu)(zhu)将(jiang)(jiang)。祎给延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue):“当为郡还解杨(yang)长(zhang)史(shi)(shi),长(zhang)史(shi)(shi)文(wen)吏,稀(xi)更(geng)军(jun)事, 必不(bu)违命(ming)(ming)也。”祎出(chu)门,驰(chi)马而去,延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)寻悔,追(zhui)之(zhi)(zhi)已不(bu)及矣(yi)。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)遣人觇仪(yi)等(deng)(deng),遂使欲案 亮成规,诸(zhu)(zhu)营相(xiang)次(ci)引军(jun)还。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大怒,(才)[搀]仪(yi)未发(fa),率(lv)所(suo)(suo)领(ling)径先南(nan)归(gui),所(suo)(suo)过(guo)烧绝阁 道。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、仪(yi)各相(xiang)表叛逆,一日(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)中,羽邀交至。后(hou)主(zhu)以问(wen)侍中董允(yun)、留府长(zhang)史(shi)(shi)蒋琬,琬、 允(yun)咸保(bao)仪(yi)疑延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。仪(yi)等(deng)(deng)槎(cha)山(shan)通道,昼(zhou)夜兼(jian)行,亦继延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后(hou)。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)先至,据南(nan)谷口(kou),遣兵逆击(ji)(ji)仪(yi) 等(deng)(deng),仪(yi)等(deng)(deng)令(ling)何(he)平在(zai)(zai)(zai)前御延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。平叱延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)先登曰(yue):“公亡(wang),身(shen)尚未寒,汝辈何(he)敢乃尔!”延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)士 众知曲在(zai)(zai)(zai)延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),莫为用命(ming)(ming),军(jun)皆散。延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)独与(yu)其子(zi)数人逃亡(wang),奔汉(han)中,仪(yi)遣马岱追(zhui)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi),致 首于仪(yi),仪(yi)起自(zi)踏之(zhi)(zhi),曰(yue):“庸奴(nu)!复能作(zuo)(zuo)恶不(bu)?”遂夷延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)三族。初,蒋琬率(lv)宿卫(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)营 赴(fu)难北行,行数十(shi)里,延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)死问(wen)至,乃旋。原延(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)意(yi)不(bu)北降魏(wei)而南(nan)还者,但欲除杀(sha)仪(yi)等(deng)(deng)。平 日(ri)诸(zhu)(zhu)将(jiang)(jiang)素不(bu)同,冀时论(lun)必当以代(dai)亮。本(ben)指(zhi)如此(ci)。不(bu)便背叛。
杨仪(yi)字威(wei)公,襄阳人也。建安中(zhong),为(wei)荆(jing)州剌(la)史傅群主(zhu)薄,背(bei)群而诣襄阳太(tai)守关羽。 羽命(ming)为(wei)功(gong)曹,遣奉命(ming)西诣先(xian)(xian)主(zhu)。先(xian)(xian)主(zhu)与语(yu)论军(jun)(jun)围计策,政(zheng)治得失,大(da)悦之(zhi),因辟为(wei)左将(jiang) 军(jun)(jun)兵(bing)曹掾。及先(xian)(xian)主(zhu)为(wei)汉中(zhong)王(wang),拔仪(yi)为(wei)尚书。先(xian)(xian)主(zhu)称尊号(hao),东征吴,仪(yi)与尚书令(ling)刘巴不(bu)睦, 左迁(qian)(qian)遥署弘农(nong)太(tai)守。建兴三年(nian),丞相亮(liang)(liang)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)参军(jun)(jun),署府事,将(jiang)南(nan)行。五年(nian)。随亮(liang)(liang)汉中(zhong)。 八年(nian),迁(qian)(qian)长史,加(jia)绥军(jun)(jun)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。亮(liang)(liang)数出军(jun)(jun),仪(yi)常(chang)(chang)规画分部(bu),筹度(du)粮谷,不(bu)稽思(si)虑,斯须(xu)便 了。军(jun)(jun)戎节度(du),取办(ban)于仪(yi)。亮(liang)(liang)深惜仪(yi)之(zhi)才干(gan),凭魏延之(zhi)骁勇,常(chang)(chang)恨二人之(zhi)不(bu)平,不(bu)忍有(you) 所偏(pian)废也。十二年(nian),随亮(liang)(liang)出屯谷口。亮(liang)(liang)卒(zu)于敌场。仪(yi)既(ji)领军(jun)(jun)还,又诛讨延,自以(yi)(yi)为(wei)功(gong)勋 至(zhi)大(da),宜(yi)当代亮(liang)(liang)秉政(zheng),呼都(dou)尉赵正(zheng)以(yi)(yi)《周(zhou)易》筮(shi)之(zhi),卦(gua)得《家人》,默然不(bu)悦。而亮(liang)(liang)平 生密指,以(yi)(yi)仪(yi)性(xing)狷狭,意在蒋琬(wan),琬(wan)遂为(wei)尚书令(ling)、益州剌(la)史。仪(yi)至(zhi),拜为(wei)中(zhong)军(jun)(jun)师,无所 统领,从容而已。
初(chu),仪(yi)(yi)为(wei)先主尚(shang)书,琬为(wei)尚(shang)郎,后(hou)虽(sui)俱为(wei)丞相(xiang)参军(jun)长史,仪(yi)(yi)每(mei)从行,当(dang)其(qi)劳剧,自 为(wei)年宦先琬,才能逾之,于是怨愤形于声色,叹咤(zha)之音发于五内。时人畏(wei)其(qi)言语不(bu)节, 莫敢从也(ye),惟后(hou)军(jun)师费祎(yi)恨望,前后(hou)云云,又语祎(yi)曰:“往者丞相(xiang)亡没(mei)之际(ji),吾若(ruo)举军(jun) 以(yi)(yi)(yi)就(jiu)魏氏,处世宁当(dang)落度如此邪(xie)!令(ling)人追悔不(bu)可复及。”祎(yi)密表其(qi)言。十三(san)年,废仪(yi)(yi)为(wei) 民,徒汉嘉郡。仪(yi)(yi)至徒所(suo),复上(shang)书诽谤,辞指(zhi)激切,遂下郡收仪(yi)(yi)。仪(yi)(yi)自杀,其(qi)妻子还蜀。 评曰:刘封处嫌疑之地,而思(si)防不(bu)足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自卫。彭囗、廖立以(yi)(yi)(yi)才拔进(jin),李严以(yi)(yi)(yi)干局达, 魏延以(yi)(yi)(yi)勇略任,杨仪(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)当(dang)官显(xian),刘琰旧仕,并咸贵重。览其(qi)举措(cuo),迹(ji)其(qi)规矩,招祸取咎, 无不(bu)自己(ji)也(ye)。
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