潘浚陆凯传
潘(pan)浚字承(cheng)明,武(wu)陵汉寿(shou)人也。弱冠从宋仲子受学。年未三(san)十,荆(jing)(jing)州牧刘表辟(pi)为部江 夏从事。时(shi)沙羡长赃秽不修,浚按杀之,一郡(jun)震辣。后为湘乡令,治(zhi)甚有(you)名。刘备领(ling)荆(jing)(jing)
州,以(yi)浚为治中(zhong)从事。备人(ren)蜀,留(liu)典州事。 孙权(quan)杀关羽,井荆土,拜(bai)浚辅军中(zhong)郎(lang)将,授以(yi)兵。迁奋威将军,封常迁亭(ting)侯(hou)。权(quan)称(cheng) 尊号,拜(bai)为少府(fu)。进封刘阳(yang)侯(hou),迁太常。五(wu)溪蛮夷(yi)叛乱盘(pan)结,权(quan)假浚节(jie),督(du)诸军讨(tao)之。 信赏必行(xing),法不可(ke)干,斩首获生(sheng),盖以(yi)万数(shu),自(zi)是郡蛮衰弱,一方宁静。
先是,浚与(yu)陆逊俱驻武昌(chang),共(gong)掌留事,还复(fu)故。时校事吕壹(yi)(yi)(yi)操弄威(wei)柄,奏按丞(cheng)相顾 雍、左将军朱据等,皆见禁止。黄门侍(shi)郎谢厷(si)语(yu)(yu)次问壹(yi)(yi)(yi):“顾公(gong)事何如?”壹(yi)(yi)(yi)答(da):“不 能佳。”厷(si)又(you)问:“若此公(gong)免(mian)退,谁当代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)?”壹(yi)(yi)(yi)未答(da)厷(si)。厷(si)曰(yue):“得(de)无潘太(tai)常(chang)得(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乎?” 壹(yi)(yi)(yi)良久曰(yue):“君语(yu)(yu)近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。”宏谓曰(yue):“播(bo)太(tai)常(chang)常(chang)切齿于君,但道远无因(yin)耳。今日(ri)代(dai)顾 公(gong),恐明日(ri)便(bian)击君矣。”壹(yi)(yi)(yi)大惧,遂(sui)解散(san)雍事。浚求朝,诣建业(ye),欲(yu)尽辞(ci)极谏。至,闻(wen) 太(tai)子(zi)登已数言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而不见从。浚乃大请(qing)百寮,欲(yu)因(yin)会手刀杀壹(yi)(yi)(yi),以身当之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),为(wei)国(guo)除患。壹(yi)(yi)(yi) 密闻(wen)知(zhi),称疾不行。浚每进(jin)见,无不陈壹(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奸险也(ye)。由此壹(yi)(yi)(yi)宠渐衰,后遂(sui)诛戮。权(quan)引咎 责躬,因(yin)诮让大臣,语(yu)(yu)在《权(quan)传》。
赤(chi)二年卒,浚卒,子翥嗣。浚女配(pei)建昌侯(hou)孙虑。陆凯(kai)(kai)字敬(jing)风(feng),吴郡(jun)(jun)吴人,丞相(xiang)(xiang)逊族子也(ye)。黄(huang)武(wu)(wu)为(wei)永兴、诸(zhu)暨长,所(suo)(suo)在(zai)有治迹,拜建武(wu)(wu)都(dou)尉(wei),领(ling)兵(bing)。虽统(tong)军(jun)(jun)众,手不(bu)释书(shu)。 好《太玄》,论(lun)演其(qi)意,以(yi)(yi)(yi)筮(shi)辄验。赤(chi)乌(wu)中,除儋耳太守,讨朱(zhu)崖(ya),斩获(huo)有功,迁为(wei)建 武(wu)(wu)校(xiao)尉(wei)。五(wu)凤二年,讨山(shan)贼(zei)陈毖于(yu)零陵(ling)。斩毖克(ke)捷,拜巴(ba)(ba)丘(qiu)督(du)、偏将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),封都(dou)乡侯(hou),转 为(wei)武(wu)(wu)昌右(you)部督(du)。与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)将(jiang)共赴寿春;还(hai),累(lei)迁荡(dang)魏、绥远将(jiang)军(jun)(jun)。孙休即(ji)位,拜征北(bei)将(jiang)军(jun)(jun), 假(jia)节领(ling)豫州牧(mu)。孙皓(hao)立,迁镇西大将(jiang)军(jun)(jun),都(dou)督(du)巴(ba)(ba)丘(qiu),领(ling)荆州牧(mu),进(jin)封嘉兴侯(hou)。孙皓(hao)与(yu)(yu)晋 平,使者(zhe)丁忠(zhong)自(zi)北(bei)还(hai),说(shuo)皓(hao)弋(yi)阳可袭,凯(kai)(kai)谏止,语在(zai)《皓(hao)传》。宝(bao)鼎元年,迁左丞相(xiang)(xiang)。皑性(xing)不(bu)好人视己(ji),郡(jun)(jun)臣(chen)侍见,精莫敢进(jin)。凯(kai)(kai)说(shuo)皓(hao)曰:“夫(fu)君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)无不(bu)相(xiang)(xiang)识之(zhi)道,若率(lv) 有不(bu)虞,不(bu)知所(suo)(suo)赴。”皓(hao)听(ting)凯(kai)(kai)自(zi)视。皓(hao)时徒都(dou)武(wu)(wu)昌,扬土(tu)百姓溯(su)流供给,以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)患(huan)苦,又(you) 政事(shi)多谬(miu),黎无穷(qiong)匮。凯(kai)(kai)上疏曰:“臣(chen)闻有道之(zhi)君(jun)(jun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)乐(le)民。无道之(zhi)君(jun)(jun),以(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)乐(le)身。 乐(le)民者(zhe),其(qi)乐(le)弥(mi)长。乐(le)身者(zhe),不(bu)久而(er)亡。夫(fu)民者(zhe),国(guo)之(zhi)根也(ye),诚宜重其(qi)食,爱其(qi)命。民 安则(ze)君(jun)(jun)安,民乐(le)则(ze)君(jun)(jun)乐(le)。自(zi)顷年以(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai)。君(jun)(jun)威伤于(yu)桀、纣,君(jun)(jun)明暗于(yu)奸(jian)雄,君(jun)(jun)惠(hui)闭于(yu)群孽。 无灾而(er)民命尽,无为(wei)而(er)国(guo)财空,辜无罪,赏无功,使君(jun)(jun)有谬(miu)误之(zhi)愆,天(tian)为(wei)作妖(yao)。而(er)诸(zhu)公 卿(qing)媚上以(yi)(yi)(yi)求爱,因(yin)民以(yi)(yi)(yi)求饶,导(dao)君(jun)(jun)于(yu)不(bu)义,败政于(yu)淫俗,臣(chen)窃为(wei)痛心(xin)。今邻国(guo)交好。四边(bian)无事(shi),当务息(xi)役养(yang)士,实(shi)其(qi)廪库(ku),以(yi)(yi)(yi)待天(tian)时。而(er)更倾动天(tian)心(xin),骚扰万姓,使民不(bu)安, 大小(xiao)呼嗟,此非保国(guo)养(yang)民之(zhi)术也(ye)。
臣闻吉凶在天,犹影(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)在形(xing),响之(zhi)(zhi)在声也,形(xing)动(dong)(dong)则(ze)影(ying)动(dong)(dong),形(xing)止则(ze)影(ying)止。此分数乃(nai)有 所系(xi),非在口之(zhi)(zhi)所进(jin)退也。昔秦所以亡天下者(zhe),但坐赏(shang)轻而罚(fa)重,政刑(xing)错乱,民力尽于(yu) 奢侈(chi),目眩(xuan)于(yu)美色,志浊于(yu)财宝。邪臣在位,贤哲隐藏,百姓业(ye)业(ye),天下苦之(zhi)(zhi)。是以遂 有覆巢破卵之(zhi)(zhi)忧。汉所以强者(zhe),躬行诚信,听谏(jian)纳贤,惠及(ji)负薪(xin),躬请岩穴(xue),广采(cai)博(bo)察(cha), 以成其谋。此往事之(zhi)(zhi)明证也。
近者(zhe)汉之衰末,三家鼎(ding)立,曹(cao)失纲纪,晋有其政。又益州(zhou)危险。兵(bing)多精强(qiang),闭门固守,可保万世,而刘氏(shi)以(yi)夺乖错,赏罚(fa)失所,君(jun)(jun)恣意(yi)于奢侈,民力竭于不急,是以(yi)为晋 所伐,君(jun)(jun)臣(chen)见虏,此目前之明验也。
“臣(chen)暗(an)于(yu)(yu)大(da)理,文不(bu)及(ji)义,智(zhi)慧浅劣(lie),无复冀(ji)望,窃为陛(bi)下惜天下耳(er)。臣(chen)谨(jin)奏耳(er)目 所闻见,百姓所为烦苛,刑政(zheng)(zheng)所为错乱(luan),愿陛(bi)下息大(da)功(gong),损百役,务(wu)宽荡,忽苛政(zheng)(zheng)。” “又武昌(chang)土地,实(shi)危险而瘠确(que),非(fei)王(wang)都(dou)安国养民(min)之处(chu),船泊则(ze)沉漂,陵(ling)居则(ze)峻危, 旦童谣(yao)曰(yue):宁饮建业水(shui),不(bu)食武昌(chang)鱼,宁还建业死(si),不(bu)止(zhi)武昌(chang)居。”臣(chen)闻翼星为变,荧(ying) 惑作(zuo)妖,童谣(yao)之言,生(sheng)于(yu)(yu)天心,乃以安居而比(bi)死(si),足(zu)明(ming)天意,如(ru)民(min)所若也。”
臣(chen)闻(wen)国无三年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)储,渭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)国,而(er)今无一(yi)(yi)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畜(chu),此臣(chen)下(xia)责也(ye)。而(er)诸公卿位处人(ren)上(shang), 禄(lu)延子(zi)孙(sun),曾(ceng)无致命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie),匡(kuang)救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术,苟进小利(li)于君,以(yi)求容媚,荼毒百(bai)姓,不为君计 也(ye)。自从孙(sun)弘(hong)造义兵以(yi)来,耕种既废(fei),所(suo)在(zai)无复输(shu)入,而(er)分一(yi)(yi)家父子(zi)异役,廪(lin)食日(ri)张(zhang), 畜(chu)积日(ri)耗(hao)。民(min)(min)有离散之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怨,国有露根之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渐,而(er)莫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恤也(ye)。民(min)(min)力(li)因穷,鬻卖儿(er)子(zi),调赋相 仍,日(ri)以(yi)疲极,所(suo)在(zai)长吏,不加隐括,加有监官,既不爱民(min)(min),务(wu)行威势,所(suo)在(zai)骚扰,更 为烦苛,民(min)(min)苦二端,财力(li)再耗(hao),此为无益而(er)有损也(ye)。愿陛下(xia)一(yi)(yi)息此辈。矜哀孤弱,以(yi)镇 抚(fu)百(bai)姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)。此犹色鳖得免毒螫(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渊,乌(wu)兽得离罗网之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纲,四方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)襁负(fu)而(er)至。如此,民(min)(min)可得保,先王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国存(cun)焉。
“臣闻五音(yin)令(ling)人耳不聪,五色令(ling)人目不明,此(ci)无益于政,有(you)损于事者也(ye)。自昔先(xian)帝(di) 时,后宫(gong)(gong)列女(nv),及(ji)(ji)诸织络(luo),数不满百(bai),米有(you)畜积,货财有(you)余(yu)。先(xian)帝(di)崩后,幼、景在(zai)位, 更(geng)改奢侈(chi),不蹈先(xian)迹。伏闻织络(luo)及(ji)(ji)诸徒坐,乃(nai)有(you)千数,计其所长,不足为国财。然(ran)坐食(shi) 宫(gong)(gong)廪,岁岁相承(cheng),此(ci)为无益。愿陛下(xia)料出赋(fu)嫁,给与无妻者。如此(ci),上(shang)应天(tian)心(xin),下(xia)合地 意,天(tian)下(xia)幸甚(shen)”。
“臣闻殷汤取(qu)(qu)(qu)士于(yu)商(shang)贾,齐桓取(qu)(qu)(qu)士于(yu)车(che)辕(yuan),周武(wu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)士于(yu)负新(xin),大汉取(qu)(qu)(qu)士于(yu)奴仆。明 王圣主(zhu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)士以贤,不拘卑(bei)贱。故其(qi)功德洋溢,名流(liu)竹素,非(fei)求颜色而取(qu)(qu)(qu)好服、捷口、容悦者也(ye)。臣伏见当今(jin)内宠之(zhi)臣,位非(fei)其(qi)人(ren),任非(fei)其(qi)量(liang),不能(neng)辅国匡时,群党(dang)相(xiang)扶,害(hai)忠 隐贤。愿(yuan)陛(bi)下简文将之(zhi)臣。各(ge)勤(qin)其(qi)官,州(zhou)牧督将,藩镇方外,公卿尚(shang)书,务修(xiu)仁化,上(shang) 助陛(bi)下,下拯黎(li)民,各(ge)尽(jin)其(qi)忠,拾贵万一。则(ze)康哉之(zhi)歌作,刑错之(zhi)理清。愿(yuan)陛(bi)下留神思 臣愚言。”
时殿上列将何(he)定(ding)(ding)佞巧便辟,贵(gui)幸任(ren)事。凯面责定(ding)(ding)曰:“卿见前后事主不(bu)(bu)忠,倾乱国 政,宁(ning)有(you)得以(yi)寿终(zhong)者邪!何(he)以(yi)专为(wei)佞邪,秽尘天听?宜自改(gai)厉。不(bu)(bu)然(ran),方见卿有(you)不(bu)(bu)测之祸 矣(yi)。”定(ding)(ding)大恨凯,思中(zhong)伤之,凯终(zhong)不(bu)(bu)以(yi)为(wei)意,乃(nai)心公(gong)家,义(yi)形于色,表疏皆指事不(bu)(bu)饰,忠恳(ken)内发。
建(jian)衡元(yuan)年(nian),疾病。皓遣(qian)中(zhong)书令董(dong)朝问所欲(yu)言(yan),凯陈:“何定不可(ke)任用,宣授外任, 不宜委以(yi)国(guo)事(shi)。奚熙小吏,建(jian)起浦里田,欲(yu)复严密故迹(ji),亦不可(ke)听。姚信、楼玄(xuan)、贺劭、 张悌(ti)、郭逴(chuo)、薛莹、滕脩及(ji)族弟喜,抗,或清白忠勤,或姿才(cai)卓(zhuo)茂,皆社稷之(zhi)(zhi)桢干,国(guo) 家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)良辅。愿陛下(xia)(xia)重留神思(si),访以(yi)时务,各尽(jin)其忠,拾遗万一。”遂(sui)卒,时年(nian)七十二。 子祎(yi)。初(chu)为黄门侍郎(lang),出领部曲,拜偏将军(jun)。凯亡后,入(ru)为太子中(zhong)庶子。右国(guo)史华核表(biao) 荐祎(yi)曰:“祎(yi)体质方刚,器干强固(gu),董(dong)率之(zhi)(zhi)才(cai),鲁肃不过。及(ji)被召当下(xia)(xia),径还赴都(dou),道由武(wu)昌(chang),曾不回顾,器械军(jun)资,一无所取,在(zai)戎(rong)果毅(yi),临(lin)财有(you)节。夫夏口(kou),贼之(zhi)(zhi)冲要(yao), 直选名(ming)将以(yi)镇戍之(zhi)(zhi),臣窃思(si)惟,莫善于祎(yi)。”
初,皓常衔凯数犯颜(yan)忤旨(zhi),加(jia)何定谮构非—,既以(yi)重臣,难(nan)绳以(yi)法,又陆(lu)抗时为(wei)大 将(jiang)在疆场,故以(yi)计(ji)容忍。抗卒后,竟徙凯家于建(jian)安。或曰宝鼎(ding)元年十二月,凯与(yu)大司马 丁(ding)奉、御史大夫丁(ding)固谋,因(yin)皓谒(ye)庙,欲废皓立孙休子(zi)。时左将(jiang)军(jun)留(liu)平领兵先驱,故密(mi)语(yu) 平,平拒而不许,誓以(yi)不泄(xie),是以(yi)所(suo)图不果。太(tai)史郎陈苗奏皓久阴不雨,风气回逆,将(jiang) 有阴谋,皓深警惧云。
予连从荆、扬来者(zhe)得凯(kai)所谏皓二(er)十事,博问吴(wu)人,多云不闻凯(kai)有(you)此表(biao)。又按其(qi)文殊甚切直,恐(kong)非皓之所能容(rong)忍也。或以为(wei)凯(kai)藏之箧笥,未敢宣行(xing),病困,皓遣董(dong)朝省(sheng)问欲 言,因以付之。虚实(shi)难明(ming),故(gu)(gu)不著于篇,然爱其(qi)指擿(zhi)皓事,足(zu)为(wei)后戒,故(gu)(gu)抄列于《凯(kai)传》 左云。
皓遣(qian)亲近赵(zhao)钦口(kou)诏(zhao)报凯前表曰:“孤动必遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),有何不(bu)(bu)(bu)平?君所(suo)谏非(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又建业 宫(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li),故避(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)(er)西宫(gong)(gong)(gong)室宇摧朽,须谋(mou)移都,何以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)可徙乎?”凯上疏曰:“贸窃陛 下(xia)(xia)执政以(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai),阴阳不(bu)(bu)(bu)调,五(wu)星失晷,职司不(bu)(bu)(bu)忠,奸党相扶,是(shi)(shi)陛下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)致(zhi).夫(fu)(fu) 王者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兴,受(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于天(tian)(tian)(tian),修(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)由德,岂在(zai)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)乎?而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)咨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)公(gong)辅,便盛意驱驰,六军流 离悲(bei)惧,逆(ni)犯天(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di),天(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)灾(zai),童歌其谣。纵(zong)令陛下(xia)(xia)一(yi)身得安,百姓愁(chou)劳,何以(yi)(yi)(yi)用治(zhi)? 此不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)选帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);臣闻有国以(yi)(yi)(yi)贤(xian)为(wei)(wei)本,夏杀龙逢(feng),殷获伊挚(zhi)。斯前世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明效,今日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)师 表也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。中常(chang)侍王蕃黄(huang)中通(tong)理,处(chu)朝忠謇,斯社稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重镇(zhen),大(da)吴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)龙逢(feng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)忿(fen)其苦 辞,恶其直对,枭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殿堂(tang),尸骸暴弃(qi)。邦内伤心,有识悲(bei)悼,咸以(yi)(yi)(yi)吴国夫(fu)(fu)差复(fu)存,先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di) 亲贤(xian),陛下(xia)(xia)反(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)陛下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);臣闻宰相国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),不(bu)(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)(bu)强,是(shi)(shi)故汉有萧、 曹(cao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐(zuo),先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有顾、步之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相。而(er)(er)(er)万(wan)彧琐才凡庸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)质,昔从家隶,超步紫闼,于彧已丰, 于器已溢,而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)爱其细介(jie),不(bu)(bu)(bu)访(fang)大(da)趣,荣以(yi)(yi)(yi)尊辅,越尚旧(jiu)臣。贤(xian)良愤惋,智士(shi)赫咤, 是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)爱民(min)过(guo)于婴孩,民(min)无妻者(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)妾妻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),见(jian)单衣者(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)帛给(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),枯骨不(bu)(bu)(bu) 收而(er)(er)(er)取埋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)反(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)理先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);昔桀、纣灭由妖(yao)妇,幽、厉乱在(zai)嬖(bi)妾,先(xian)(xian)(xian) 帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)鉴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)身戒。故左右不(bu)(bu)(bu)置淫(yin)邪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色,后房无旷(kuang)积之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)。今中宫(gong)(gong)(gong)万(wan)数,不(bu)(bu)(bu)备嫔嫱, 外(wai)多鳏夫(fu)(fu),女(nv)吟于中。风雨逆(ni)度,正由此起,是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)先(xian)(xian)(xian)五(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)忧劳万(wan)机(ji),犹(you)惧有 失。陛下(xia)(xia)临(lin)阼以(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai),游戏后宫(gong)(gong)(gong),眩惑妇女(nv),乃令庶(shu)事(shi)多旷(kuang),下(xia)(xia)吏容奸,是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye); 先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)笃尚朴素,服不(bu)(bu)(bu)纯(chun)丽,宫(gong)(gong)(gong)无高台,物不(bu)(bu)(bu)雕饰(shi),故国富民(min)充,奸盗不(bu)(bu)(bu)作。而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)征调 州郡,竭民(min)财力,士(shi)被(bei)玄黄(huang),宫(gong)(gong)(gong)有朱紫,是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)七也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)外(wai)仗顾、陆、朱、张, 内近胡综、薛综是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)庶(shu)绩雍熙(xi)。邦内情肃。今者(zhe)外(wai)非(fei)其任,内非(fei)其人,陈声(sheng)、曹(cao)辅,斗 筲小吏,先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)弃(qi),而(er)(er)(er)陛下(xia)(xia)幸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)八(ba)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
“先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)每宴见(jian)(jian)群臣(chen),抑(yi)损醇(酉农),臣(chen)下终(zhong)日无(wu)(wu)(wu)失慢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尤,百寮庶尹(yin),并展(zhan)所陈。 而(er)陛下拘以(yi)视瞻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)敬(jing),惧(ju)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)尽(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酒(jiu)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)酒(jiu)以(yi)成札,过则(ze)败德,此无(wu)(wu)(wu)异商辛长(zhang)夜(ye)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饮也(ye)(ye), 是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)九(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye);昔(xi)(xi)汉(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)桓、灵(ling),亲近宦竖(shu)。大失民(min)(min)心(xin)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)高通、詹廉(lian)、羊度,黄门小 人,而(er)陛下赏(shang)以(yi)重爵,权以(yi)战兵。若(ruo)江(jiang)渚(zhu)有难,烽(feng)燧互起(qi),则(ze)度等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)武不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)御侮明(ming)也(ye)(ye), 是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye);今(jin)(jin)(jin)宫(gong)(gong)女旷积,而(er)黄门复(fu)走(zou)州郡,条牒民(min)(min)女,有钱则(ze)舍,无(wu)(wu)(wu)钱则(ze)取,怨 呼道路(lu),母子(zi)死(si)诀(jue),是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一也(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)在时,亦养诸王(wang)太子(zi),若(ruo)取乳母,其(qi)(qi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)复(fu) 役,赐与钱财,给其(qi)(qi)资粮(liang),时遣(qian)归来,视其(qi)(qi)弱息。今(jin)(jin)(jin)则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran),夫(fu)(fu)(fu)妇(fu)生(sheng)离,夫(fu)(fu)(fu)故作役,儿 从(cong)后(hou)死(si),家(jia)为空户,是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二也(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)叹曰:‘国以(yi)民(min)(min)为本,民(min)(min)以(yi)食为天,衣其(qi)(qi) 次(ci)也(ye)(ye),三者,孤存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)心(xin)。’今(jin)(jin)(jin)则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran),农桑并废(fei),是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三也(ye)(ye); “先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)简士(shi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)拘卑贱,任之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乡闾,效(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)事(shi),举者不(bu)(bu)(bu)虚,受者不(bu)(bu)(bu)妄(wang)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)则(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran), 浮华者登,朋党者进,是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四也(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)战士(shi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)给他役,使春惟(wei)知农,秋惟(wei)收 稻(dao),江(jiang)渚(zhu)有事(shi),责(ze)其(qi)(qi)死(si)效(xiao)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)战士(shi),供给众役,廪赐不(bu)(bu)(bu)赡,是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)也(ye)(ye);夫(fu)(fu)(fu)赏(shang) 以(yi)劝(quan)功,罚以(yi)禁(jin)邪,赏(shang)罚不(bu)(bu)(bu)中,则(ze)士(shi)民(min)(min)散失。今(jin)(jin)(jin)江(jiang)边将士(shi),死(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)哀,劳(lao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)赏(shang),是不(bu)(bu)(bu) 遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六也(ye)(ye);今(jin)(jin)(jin)在所监司,民(min)(min)为烦猥(wei),兼有内(nei)使,扰乱其(qi)(qi)中,一民(min)(min)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)吏(li),何以(yi)堪(kan)命? 昔(xi)(xi)景(jing)帝(di)(di)(di)时,交阯反乱,实由兹起(qi),是为遵(zun)(zun)景(jing)帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阙,不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七也(ye)(ye);夫(fu)(fu)(fu)校(xiao)事(shi),吏(li)民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 仇也(ye)(ye)。先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)末年(nian),虽有吕壹、钱钦,寻皆诛(zhu)夷,以(yi)谢(xie)百姓。今(jin)(jin)(jin)复(fu)张立校(xiao)曹,纵吏(li)言(yan)(yan)事(shi), 是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八也(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)时,居宫(gong)(gong)者咸久于(yu)其(qi)(qi)位(wei),然(ran)后(hou)考绩黜陟。今(jin)(jin)(jin)州县职司,或莅 政无(wu)(wu)(wu)几(ji),便(bian)征召迁转,迎新送旧,纷坛道路(lu),伤财害民(min)(min),于(yu)是为甚,是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye);先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)每察竟解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奏(zou),常留心(xin)推按,是以(yi)狱无(wu)(wu)(wu)冤囚,死(si)者吞声。今(jin)(jin)(jin)则(ze)违之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是不(bu)(bu)(bu)遵(zun)(zun)先(xian)(xian)(xian)帝(di)(di)(di)二 十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)臣(chen)言(yan)(yan)可录,藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟府。如其(qi)(qi)虚妄(wang),治臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪。愿陛下留意。”
胤(yin)(yin)(yin)字敬宗,凯(kai)弟也。始为(wei)御史、尚(shang)书选曹郎,太子和(he)闻其名,待(dai)以殊礼。会全(quan)寄(ji)、 杨(yang)竺(zhu)等阿附鲁王霸,与(yu)和(he)分争,阴相谮构(gou),胤(yin)(yin)(yin)坐收(shou)下狱,楚毒备至,终(zhong)无他辞。后(hou)为(wei)衡 阳督军(jun)(jun)都尉。赤乌十一(yi)年;交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)阯九真夷贼攻(gong)没(mei)城邑,交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)部骚动。以胤(yin)(yin)(yin)为(wei)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)州刺(ci)史、安(an)南(nan) 校尉。胤(yin)(yin)(yin)入南(nan)界,喻以恩信,务祟招纳,高(gao)凉渠帅(shuai)黄吴(wu)等支(zhi)党三千余(yu)(yu)家(jia)皆出(chu)降。引军(jun)(jun)而 南(nan),重宣至诚,遗以财币。贼帅(shuai)百余(yu)(yu)人(ren),民五万余(yu)(yu)家(jia),深幽不羁(ji),莫不稽颡(sang),交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)域(yu)清(qing)泰。 就加(jia)安(an)南(nan)将军(jun)(jun)。复讨(tao)苍梧建陵贼,破之,前(qian)后(hou)出(chu)兵八千余(yu)(yu)人(ren),以充军(jun)(jun)用。
永安元年(nian),征(zheng)为西陵督(du)(du),封都(dou)亭侯,后转左(zuo)虎(hu)林(lin)。中书丞(cheng)华核表(biao)荐胤(yin)(yin)曰:“胤(yin)(yin)天姿 聪(cong)朗,才通行洁,昔历(li)选曹,遗(yi)迹可(ke)纪(ji)。还(hai)在(zai)交州(zhou),奉(feng)宣朝恩,流(liu)民(min)归附,海(hai)隅肃(su)清。 苍梧、南海(hai),岁有(you)旧风(feng)瘴气(qi)之害,风(feng)则(ze)折木,飞(fei)(fei)沙转石(shi),气(qi)则(ze)雾郁,飞(fei)(fei)鸟不(bu)(bu)经。自胤(yin)(yin)至(zhi) 州(zhou),风(feng)气(qi)绝息,商旅平行,民(min)无疾疫,田(tian)稼(jia)丰稔(ren)。州(zhou)治临海(hai),海(hai)流(liu)秋咸,胤(yin)(yin)又畜(chu)水,民(min) 得(de)甘(gan)食。惠(hui)风(feng)横被,化感人神,遂凭(ping)天威(wei),招合(he)遗(yi)散(san)。至(zhi)被诏书当出(chu),民(min)感其恩,以忘(wang)恋土,负老携幼,甘(gan)心(xin)景从,众(zhong)无携贰(er),不(bu)(bu)烦兵(bing)卫(wei)。自诸将合(he)众(zhong),皆胁(xie)之以威(wei),未有(you)如 胤(yin)(yin)结以恩信(xin)者也。衔命在(zai)州(zhou),十(shi)有(you)余年(nian),宾(bin)带(dai)殊(shu)俗,宝玩所生(sheng),而内无粉黛附珠之妾, 家无文(wen)甲犀象之珍,方之今臣,实难多得(de)。宜在(zai)辇毂,股肱王室,以赞唐虞康哉之颂。 江(jiang)边任(ren)轻(qing),不(bu)(bu)尽其才,虎(hu)林(lin)选督(du)(du),堪之者众(zhong)。若召还(hai)都(dou),宠以上司则(ze)天工(gong)毕修(xiu),庶绩咸 熙矣。”
胤率(lv),子式嗣。为柴桑督、扬武将军。天(tian)策(ce)元年,与(yu)从兄祎俱徙(xi)建安(an)。天(tian)纪二年, 召还(hai)建业,复将军、候。
评(ping)曰:潘浚公清害断,陆凯忠壮质(zhi)直,皆节概(gai)梗梗,有大丈夫格业。胤身洁事(shi)济,著称南土,可谓良牧矣(yi)。
更多有关三国志 二十四史 的资料