王楼贺韦华传
王蕃字永元,庐江人也。博览多闻,兼通术艺。始为(wei)尚书郎,去官。孙休即(ji)位,与 贺邵、薛莹、虞汜俱为(wei)散骑中(zhong)常侍,皆加(jia)驸马都尉。时论清之(zhi)。遣使至蜀,蜀人称(cheng)焉,还(hai)为(wei)夏口监(jian)军。
孙皓初。复入为常侍,与万(wan)彧(yu)同官。彧(yu)与皓有旧(jiu),俗士(shi)挟侵,谓(wei)蕃(fan)(fan)自(zi)轻。又中书(shu)丞 陈声,皓之嬖臣,数谮毁蕃(fan)(fan)。蕃(fan)(fan)体气高亮,不(bu)能承(cheng)颜顺指;时或迕意,积以(yi)见责。甘露二年,丁忠(zhong)使晋(jin)还(hai)(hai),皓大会群臣,蕃(fan)(fan)沉(chen)醉(zui)顿伏。皓疑而不(bu)悦,举蕃(fan)(fan)出(chu)外。顷之 请(qing)还(hai)(hai),酒亦不(bu)解。蕃(fan)(fan)性有威严,行止(zhi)自(zi)若,皓大怒(nu),呵左右于殿下斩之。卫将军滕牧、征西将军留(liu)平(ping)请(qing),不(bu)能得。
丞相陆凯上疏曰(yue):“常侍王蕃黄中通理(li),知天知物,处朝忠蹇,斯社稷之(zhi)重镇,大 吴之(zhi)龙逢也。昔事景(jing)皇(huang),纳(na)言左右,景(jing)皇(huang)钦嘉(jia),叹为(wei)(wei)异伦。而陛(bi)下(xia)忿其苦辞,恶(e)其直(zhi)对,枭(xiao)之(zhi)殿堂,尸骸暴(bao)弃,邦内(nei)伤心(xin),有识悲(bei)悼。”其痛蕃如此(ci)。蕃死时年三十九,皓徙(xi)蕃 家属广州。二弟(di)著(zhu)、延皆作(zuo)佳器,郭马起(qi)事,不为(wei)(wei)马用,见(jian)害。
楼玄(xuan)(xuan)字(zi)承先,沛郡(jun)蕲(qi)人(ren)也(ye)。孙(sun)休(xiu)时为(wei)(wei)监农(nong)御(yu)史。孙(sun)皓即位(wei),与(yu)王蕃、郭逴(chuo)、万彧(yu)俱 为(wei)(wei)散(san)骑(qi)中(zhong)常侍,出为(wei)(wei)会(hui)稽太守(shou),入为(wei)(wei)大(da)司(si)农(nong)。旧禁中(zhong)主(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)自用亲近(jin)人(ren)作之(zhi),彧(yu)陈(chen)亲密(mi)近(jin)职宜(yi)用好人(ren),皓因敕有(you)司(si),求忠清(qing)之(zhi)士,以(yi)(yi)应其选,遂用玄(xuan)(xuan)为(wei)(wei)宫下镇禁中(zhong)候,主(zhu)(zhu)殿中(zhong)事, 玄(xuan)(xuan)从九卿持刀侍卫,正身率众,奉法(fa)而行,应对切(qie)直,数(shu)迕皓意,渐见责(ze)怒。后人(ren)诬白玄(xuan)(xuan)与(yu)贺邵(shao)相逢,驻共耳(er)语大(da)笑,谤(bang)讪政事,遂被诏诘责(ze),送付广州。东观令(ling)华核(he)上(shang)疏曰: “臣窃以(yi)(yi)治国(guo)之(zhi)体(ti),其犹治家。主(zhu)(zhu)田野者(zhe),皆宜(yi)良(liang)信。又宜(yi)得一(yi)人(ren)总其条目(mu),为(wei)(wei)作维(wei)纲,众事乃理。
《论语》曰:‘无为而(er)治(zhi)者其舜(shun)也(ye)与!恭己正南面而(er)己。’言(yan)所任得其人,放优游 而(er)自(zi)逸也(ye)。今海内(nei)未(wei)定,天下(xia)多事(shi),事(shi)无大小(xiao),皆当(dang)(dang)关闻,动经(jing)御(yu)坐,劳损圣虑。陛下(xia)既垂意博古,综极艺文,加(jia)勤(qin)心(xin)好道(dao),随节致气,宜(yi)得闲(xian)静以展神思,呼(hu)翕清淳,与天 同极。臣(chen)夙(su)夜思惟,诸吏之(zhi)(zhi)中,任干之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),足委丈(zhang)者,无胜于楼玄(xuan)(xuan)。玄(xuan)(xuan)清忠奉公(gong),冠冕(mian)当(dang)(dang)世,众服其操,无与争先(xian)。失清者则(ze)心(xin)平而(er)意直,忠者惟正道(dao)而(er)履之(zhi)(zhi),如(ru)玄(xuan)(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)性(xing),终 始可(ke)(ke)保,乞陛下(xia)赦玄(xuan)(xuan)前愆,使得自(zi)新,擢之(zhi)(zhi)宰司,责其后效。使为官(guan)择人,随才授任,则(ze)舜(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)恭己,近亦(yi)可(ke)(ke)得。”皓(hao)话(hua)玄(xuan)(xuan)名声,复徙玄(xuan)(xuan)及子据,付交阯将张奕,使以战自(zi)效, 阴(yin)别敕(chi)奕令杀之(zhi)(zhi)。据到交阯,病死。玄(xuan)(xuan)一身随亦(yi)讨贼(zei),持刀步涉,见(jian)亦(yi)辄拜,亦(yi)未(wei)忍杀。会亦(yi)暴卒,玄(xuan)(xuan)殡敛亦(yi),于器(qi)中见(jian)敕(chi)书,还便自(zi)杀。
贺邵字(zi)兴(xing)伯,会(hui)稽山(shan)阴人(ren)也,孙休即位,从中郎为(wei)期骑(qi)中常(chang)侍,出为(wei)吴郡太(tai)守。孙 皓(hao)时,入为(wei)左(zuo)典军,迁中书令,领太(tai)子太(tai)傅。皓(hao)凶暴骄(jiao)矜,政(zheng)(zheng)事日弊。邵上疏(shu)谏曰:“古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣王(wang),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)潜处重闱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)而知万里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情,垂拱(gong)衽(ren)席之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,明照(zhao)八极之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)际(ji)者,任贤(xian) 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)也。陛(bi)下(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至德淑姿,统承皇业,宜率身履道(dao),恭(gong)奉神(shen)器,旌贤(xian)表善,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)康庶政(zheng)(zheng)。自顷年以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来,朝(chao)列纷(fen)错,真伪相贸,上下(xia)空任,文武旷位,外无山(shan)岳(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)镇,内(nei)无拾(shi)遗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 臣(chen)(chen)。佞谀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒拊冀天(tian)(tian)飞(fei),干(gan)弄朝(chao)威,盗窃荣利(li),而忠(zhong)良排坠,信臣(chen)(chen)被害。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正士(shi)摧方,而庸臣(chen)(chen)苟媚(mei),先意承旨,各希(xi)时趣。人(ren)执(zhi)反(fan)理之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)评,士(shi)吐诡(gui)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)论(lun),遂使清流(liu)变浊,忠(zhong) 臣(chen)(chen)结舌。陛(bi)下(xia)处九天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,隐(yin)百重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室,言(yan)出风靡,令行(xing)景从,亲洽宠媚(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)(chen),日闻(wen)顺(shun)意之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞,将谓此辈实贤(xian),而天(tian)(tian)下(xia)已(yi)平也。臣(chen)(chen)心所(suo)不安(an),敢不以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)闻(wen)。
臣闻兴(xing)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)君乐闻其(qi)过,荒乱之(zhi)(zhi)主乐闻其(qi)誉。闻其(qi)过者过日消而福(fu)臻,闻其(qi)誉者誉 日损而祸(huo)至。是以(yi)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)人君,捐(juan)让(rang)以(yi)进贤,虚己以(yi)求(qiu)过,譬(pi)天位于乘犇,以(yi)虎尾为(wei)警戒。至于陛下(xia),严(yan)刑法以(yi)禁直(zhi)辞,黜善士(shi)以(yi)逆谏臣,眩耀毁(hui)誉之(zhi)(zhi)实,沉沦(lun)近习之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)。昔高宗 思(si)佐(zuo),梦寐得贤,而陛下(xia)求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)如忘,忽(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)如遗(yi)。故常侍王(wang)蕃忠恪在公,才任辅弼,以(yi)醉酒之(zhi)(zhi)间加之(zhi)(zhi)大戮。近鸿胪葛奚,先帝旧臣,偶有逆迕,昏醉之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)耳(er),三爵之(zhi)(zhi)后,礼所(suo)(suo)不(bu) 讳,陛下(xia)猥发雷(lei)霆,谓之(zhi)(zhi)轻慢,饮(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)醇酒,中(zhong)毒陨命。自是之(zhi)(zhi)后,海内悼心,朝臣失图,仕者以(yi)退为(wei)幸,居者以(yi)出为(wei)福(fu),诚非所(suo)(suo)以(yi)保(bao)光(guang)洪绪(xu),臣隆道化也(ye)。
“又何定(ding)本趋走小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)人(ren),仆(pu)隶之(zhi)(zhi)下,身无(wu)锱铢之(zhi)(zhi)行(xing),能无(wu)鹰犬之(zhi)(zhi)用,而(er)陛下爱其(qi)佞媚, 假其(qi)威柄,使(shi)定(ding)恃宠放(fang)恣,自擅(shan)威福(fu),口正国议(yi),手弄天机(ji),上亏日月之(zhi)(zhi)明,下塞(sai)君(jun)子之(zhi)(zhi)路。夫小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)求人(ren),必(bi)进(jin)奸(jian)利(li),定(ding)间妄兴事(shi)役,发江(jiang)边(bian)戍兵以驱麋鹿(lu),结置山(shan)陵(ling),芟夷 林莽,殚其(qi)九野之(zhi)(zhi)兽,聚(ju)于(yu)重围之(zhi)(zhi)内,上无(wu)益时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)分(fen),下有损耗之(zhi)(zhi)费。而(er)兵士疲于(yu)运送(song),人(ren)力竭(jie)于(yu)驱逐,老弱饥冻(dong),大(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)怨叹。臣(chen)窃(qie)观天变,自比年以来阴(yin)阳错谬,四(si)时(shi)逆节, 日食地震;中夏陨霜,参之(zhi)(zhi)典籍,皆阴(yin)气陵(ling)阳,小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)弄势之(zhi)(zhi)所致也。臣(chen)尝览(lan)书传,验诸(zhu)行(xing)事(shi),灾(zai)祥(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)应,所为(wei)寒栗。昔(xi)高宗修己以消(xiao)鼎(ding)雉(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)异,宋景崇德以退荧惑(huo)之(zhi)(zhi)变。愿(yuan)陛 下上惧皇(huang)天谴(qian)告之(zhi)(zhi)诮,下追二君(jun)攘灾(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)道,远(yuan)览(lan)前(qian)代任贤(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)功,近寤今(jin)日谬授之(zhi)(zhi)失,清澄朝位(wei),旌叙俊乂,放(fang)退佞邪(xie),抑夺(duo)奸(jian)势。如是(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)辈(bei),一(yi)匆复(fu)用,广延(yan)淹(yan)滞,容(rong)受直辞, 祗承乾指,敬(jing)奉(feng)先业(ye),则大(da)化光敷,天人(ren)望塞(sai)也。
《传》曰:“国之兴(xing)也,视民如赤子。其亡也,以(yi)民为草芥。”陛下昔韬(tao)神光,潜 德东夏,以(yi)圣哲茂姿,龙飞应(ying)天,四海延颈,八方拭(shi)目,以(yi)成康之化(hua)(hua)必隆于旦夕也。自登位以(yi)来,法(fa)禁转苛,赋(fu)调益繁。中宫内(nei)竖(shu),分布州郡,横兴(xing)事役,竞(jing)造奸利(li)。百姓罹 杼轴之困,黎民罢无(wu)(wu)(wu)已(yi)之求,老幼(you)饥寒,家(jia)(jia)户莱色,而所在长(zhang)吏(li),迫畏罪负,严法(fa)峻刑(xing),苦(ku)民求办。是以(yi)人力不(bu)堪(kan),家(jia)(jia)户离散,呼(hu)嗟之声,感(gan)伤和气。又江(jiang)边戍兵,远(yuan)当(dang)以(yi)拓(tuo)土 广(guang)境,近当(dang)以(yi)守(shou)界备难(nan),宜特优育(yu),以(yi)待有(you)事,而征发赋(fu)调,烟(yan)至(zhi)云集(ji),衣不(bu)全裋(shu)褐,食(shi)不(bu)瞻(zhan)朝夕,出当(dang)锋(feng)镝之难(nan),入抱无(wu)(wu)(wu)聊之戚。是以(yi)父子相弃,叛(pan)者(zhe)成行。愿陛下宽(kuan)赋(fu)除 烦,振恤穷乏,省诸不(bu)急,荡(dang)禁约法(fa),则(ze)海内(nei)乐(le)业,大化(hua)(hua)普洽。夫民者(zhe)国之本(ben),食(shi)者(zhe)民之命也,今国无(wu)(wu)(wu)一年(nian)之储。家(jia)(jia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)经月之畜,而后(hou)宫之中坐(zuo)食(shi)者(zhe)万有(you)余人。内(nei)有(you)离旷(kuang)之怨, 外(wai)有(you)损(sun)耗之费。使库廪(lin)空(kong)于无(wu)(wu)(wu)用,士民饥于糟糠。
又北(bei)敌(di)注目,伺国盛衰,陛下(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)恃己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威(wei)德;而怙敌(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)来,忽四海之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)困穷,而轻(qing) 虏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)难,诚非长策(ce)庙胜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)要也(ye)。昔大(da)皇帝勤身苦体,创(chuang)基南(nan)夏,割据(ju)江(jiang)山(shan),拓士万里,虽承天(tian)赞,实由人力也(ye)。余庆(qing)遗祚,至(zhi)于陛下(xia)(xia),陛下(xia)(xia)宜勉崇德器,以光前(qian)烈。爱民 养士,保全先轨,何可忽显祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功勤,轻(qing)难得之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)业。忘天(tian)下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)振(zhen),替(ti)兴衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巨变哉?臣(chen)闻否(fou)泰无(wu)(wu)常(chang),吉凶由人,长江(jiang)限不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可久恃,苟我不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)守,一(yi)苇可航也(ye)。昔秦建皇帝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)号, 据(ju)殽函之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阻,德化不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)修,法政苛酷,毒(du)流生民,忠臣(chen)杜口,是以一(yi)夫大(da)呼,社(she)稷倾覆。近(jin)刘氏据(ju)三关之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)险(xian),守重山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)固,可谓(wei)金城(cheng)石室,万世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业,任授失贤(xian),一(yi)朝丧没,君 臣(chen)系(xi)颈,共为(wei)(wei)羁仆。此当世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明鉴,目前(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)炯戒也(ye)。愿陛下(xia)(xia)远考(kao)前(qian)事,近(jin)览世(shi)(shi)变,丰(feng)基强本,割情从(cong)道,则成(cheng)康之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)治兴,而圣祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祚隆矣。书奏,皓深恨(hen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。邵(shao)奉公(gong)贞正,亲 近(jin)所(suo)惮。乃共谮邵(shao)与楼玄谤(bang)毁国事,俱被诘责。玄见送南(nan)州,邵(shao)原复职(zhi)。后邵(shao)中恶风,口不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能言,去职(zhi)数(shu)月,皓疑其托疾(ji),收付酒藏(zang),掠考(kao)千所(suo),邵(shao)卒无(wu)(wu)一(yi)语,竟见杀害,家 属徙临海。并下(xia)(xia)诏诛玄子孙,是岁(sui)天(tian)册元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)也(ye),邵(shao)年(nian)(nian)四十(shi)九。
韦(wei)曜字(zi)弘嗣,吴郡云阳(yang)人也。少好(hao)学,能属文(wen),从丞相(xiang)掾除(chu)西安令,还(hai)为尚书(shu)郎, 迁(qian)太子(zi)中庶(shu)子(zi)。时蔡颖亦在(zai)东宫,性好(hao)博奕。太子(zi)和(he)以(yi)(yi)为无益,命曜论之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)辞曰:“盖闻君子(zi)耻当年而(er)功不(bu)(bu)立(li),疾(ji)设世而(er)名不(bu)(bu)称,故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰‘学如不(bu)(bu)及(ji),犹(you)恐失(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)’。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)古(gu) 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志士,悼年齿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)流(liu)迈(mai)而(er)惧名称之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)立(li)也,故(gu)(gu)(gu)逸精(jing)厉操(cao),晨兴(xing)夜寐,不(bu)(bu)遑宁息,经之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)岁(sui)月,累之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)日力,若(ruo)宁越(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勤(qin),董生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)笃(du),渐渍德义之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渊,栖迟道艺之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)域(yu)。且以(yi)(yi)西伯(bo) 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)圣(sheng),姬公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才,犹(you)有(you)日昃待(dai)旦(dan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劳,故(gu)(gu)(gu)能隆兴(xing)周道,垂名亿载,况在(zai)臣庶(shu),而(er)可以(yi)(yi)已乎?历观古(gu)今功名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,皆(jie)有(you)累积(ji)殊异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)迹,劳身苦体,契阔勤(qin)思,平居不(bu)(bu)堕其(qi)(qi)业,穷(qiong) 困不(bu)(bu)易其(qi)(qi)素(su),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)卜式立(li)志于(yu)耕牧,而(er)黄霸受道于(yu)囹圄,终有(you)荣显之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)福,以(yi)(yi)成不(bu)(bu)朽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。故(gu)(gu)(gu)山甫(fu)勤(qin)于(yu)夙夜,而(er)吴汉不(bu)(bu)离公(gong)门,岂(qi)有(you)游(you)惰哉(zai)?
“今世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人多不(bu)务经术(shu),好玩博(bo)奕(yi),废(fei)(fei)事(shi)(shi)弃业,忘寝与食,穷日(ri)尽明,继以(yi)脂(zhi)烛(zhu)。 当(dang)其(qi)临局交争,雌雄(xiong)未决(jue),专精锐(rui)意,心(xin)劳体倦,人事(shi)(shi)旷而不(bu)修,宾旅(lv)阙而不(bu)接,虽(sui)有太牢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馔,《韶》、《夏》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐,不(bu)暇(xia)存也(ye)(ye)(ye)。至或赌及衣物,徙(xi)棋易行,廉耻(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意弛, 而忿戾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)色(se)发,然(ran)其(qi)所志不(bu)出一枰(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上,所务不(bu)过方罫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间,胜敌无(wu)封爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赏,获(huo)地无(wu)兼土之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实,技非六艺,用非经国。立身(shen)者不(bu)阶其(qi)术(shu),征选者不(bu)由(you)其(qi)道。求(qiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)战陈,则(ze) 非孙、吴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伦也(ye)(ye)(ye)。考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)道艺,则(ze)非孔氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)门也(ye)(ye)(ye);以(yi)变(bian)诈为务,则(ze)非忠信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士也(ye)(ye)(ye);以(yi)劫杀为名(ming),则(ze)非仁者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意也(ye)(ye)(ye);而空妨日(ri)废(fei)(fei)业,终(zhong)无(wu)补益。是何(he)异设(she)木(mu)而击之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),置(zhi)石(shi)而投之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 哉(zai)!且(qie)君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居室(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)勤身(shen)以(yi)致养,其(qi)在朝也(ye)(ye)(ye)竭命(ming)以(yi)纳忠,临事(shi)(shi)且(qie)犹旰(gan)食,而何(he)博(bo)奕(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)足耽?夫然(ran),故(gu)孝友(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行立,贞纯(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)彰也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
“方今大(da)吴受命,海内未平,圣朝乾乾,务在(zai)得人,勇略之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士则受熊(xiong)虎(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)任,儒雅 之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒则处龙凤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)署,百(bai)行兼苞,文武并(bing)骛,博(bo)选良才,旌简髦(mao)俊。设程式之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)科,垂金爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赏,诚千(qian)载之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嘉会,百(bai)世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)良遇也,当世(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士,宜勉(mian)思至(zhi)道(dao),爱功惜力,以佐明时, 使名书史籍,勋在(zai)盟府,乃君子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)务,当今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先急也。
“夫一木之(zhi)枰孰(shu)与方国之(zhi)封?枯棋三百孰(shu)与万人(ren)之(zhi)将?兖龙(long)之(zhi)服(fu),金石之(zhi)乐,足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)兼 棋局而贸博弈矣。假(jia)令世士移(yi)博奕之(zhi)力而用(yong)之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)诗书,是(shi)(shi)有(you)颜、闵之(zhi)志也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。用(yong)之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)智计,是(shi)(shi)有(you)良、平之(zhi)思也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。用(yong)之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)资(zi)货,是(shi)(shi)有(you)猗顿之(zhi)富也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);用(yong)之(zhi)于(yu)(yu)射(she)御(yu),是(shi)(shi)有(you)将帅之(zhi)备(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。如 此(ci)则功(gong)名(ming)立(li)而鄙贱远(yuan)矣。 和(he)废后,为(wei)黄门侍(shi)郎(lang)。孙(sun)亮(liang)即位(wei)(wei),诸葛恪辅政,表曜(yao)(yao)(yao)为(wei)太(tai)史令,撰《吴书》,华核、薛莹等皆与参(can)同,孙(sun)休践阼,为(wei)中书郎(lang)、博士祭酒(jiu)。命曜(yao)(yao)(yao)依刘向(xiang)故事,校(xiao)定众书。又(you)欲(yu) 延曜(yao)(yao)(yao)侍(shi)讲(jiang),而左将军张(zhang)布近习宠幸,事行多(duo)玷,惮曜(yao)(yao)(yao)侍(shi)讲(jiang)儒士,又(you)性精确,惧以(yi)(yi)(yi)古今警戒休意,固争不(bu)可。休深恨布,语在(zai)《休传》。然曜(yao)(yao)(yao)竟止不(bu)入。孙(sun)皓(hao)(hao)(hao)即位(wei)(wei),封高陵亭候, 迁中书仆射(she),职(zhi)省,为(wei)侍(shi)中,常领左国史。时(shi)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)承(cheng)指数言瑞应。皓(hao)(hao)(hao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)问曜(yao)(yao)(yao),曜(yao)(yao)(yao)答曰(yue):“此(ci)人(ren)家(jia)筐箧中物耳(er)。”又(you)皓(hao)(hao)(hao)欲(yu)为(wei)父和(he)作纪(ji),曜(yao)(yao)(yao)执以(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)不(bu)登帝(di)位(wei)(wei),宜名(ming)为(wei)传。如是(shi)(shi)者非 一,渐见责怒。曜(yao)(yao)(yao)益忧惧,自陈衰老(lao),求去(qu)侍(shi)、史二官,乞欲(yu)成所(suo)(suo)造(zao)书,以(yi)(yi)(yi)从业(ye)别有(you)所(suo)(suo)付,皓(hao)(hao)(hao)终不(bu)听。时(shi)有(you)疾病,医(yi)药监(jian)护(hu),持之(zhi)愈急(ji)。皓(hao)(hao)(hao)每飨宴,无(wu)不(bu)竟日(ri),坐席(xi)无(wu)能否率 以(yi)(yi)(yi)七升为(wei)限,虽不(bu)悉入口,皆浇灌取尽。曜(yao)(yao)(yao)素饮酒(jiu)不(bu)过(guo)二升,初见礼异时(shi),常为(wei)裁减,或密赐茶荈以(yi)(yi)(yi)当酒(jiu),至于(yu)(yu)宠衰,更见逼强,辄(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)罪。又(you)于(yu)(yu)酒(jiu)后使侍(shi)臣难折(zhe)公卿(qing),以(yi)(yi)(yi)嘲(chao) 弄侵克发摘私短(duan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)欢(huan)。时(shi)有(you)衍过(guo),或误犯皓(hao)(hao)(hao)讳,辄(zhe)见收缚(fu),至于(yu)(yu)诛(zhu)戮。曜(yao)(yao)(yao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)外相毁伤,内长尤恨,使不(bu)济济,非佳事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故但示难问经义言论而已。皓(hao)(hao)(hao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)不(bu)承(cheng)用(yong)诏(zhao)命, 意不(bu)忠尽,遂(sui)积(ji)前后嫌忿(fen),收曜(yao)(yao)(yao)付狱,是(shi)(shi)岁(sui)凤皇(huang)二年(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
曜(yao)因(yin)狱吏(li)上(shang)(shang)辞曰(yue):“囚(qiu)荷恩(en)见哀,无(wu)(wu)(wu)与为比,曾无(wu)(wu)(wu)芒(mang)氂有以(yi)上(shang)(shang)报,孤辱恩(en)宠(chong),自陷(xian) 极(ji)罪。念(nian)当(dang)灰(hui)灭。长弃黄泉,愚情(忄(xin)娄)(忄(xin)娄),窃有所(suo)(suo)怀,贪令上(shang)(shang)闻(wen)。囚(qiu)昔(xi)见世间(jian)有古(gu)历注(zhu),其所(suo)(suo)记载(zai)既多虚无(wu)(wu)(wu),在书籍者亦复错谬。囚(qiu)寻按传(chuan)记,考合异(yi)同,采摭耳 目所(suo)(suo)及。以(yi)作(zuo)《洞纪(ji)》,纪(ji)自庖牺,至(zhi)于(yu)秦、汉(han),凡为三卷(juan),当(dang)起(qi)黄武以(yi)来,别(bie)作(zuo)一(yi)卷(juan),事(shi)尚未成。又(you)见刘熙所(suo)(suo)作(zuo)《释(shi)(shi)名》,信多佳(jia)者,然(ran)物类众多,难(nan)得(de)详究。故(gu)时(shi)有得(de)失(shi), 而(er)爵(jue)(jue)位之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),又(you)有非是。愚以(yi)官(guan)爵(jue)(jue),今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)急,不(bu)(bu)(bu)宜乘误。囚(qiu)自忘至(zhi)微,又(you)作(zuo)《官(guan)职训》及《辩释(shi)(shi)名》各一(yi)卷(juan),欲表上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。新写(xie)始毕,会以(yi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)状(zhuang),幽(you)囚(qiu)特命,泯没(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日,恨不(bu)(bu)(bu)上(shang)(shang) 闻(wen)。谨(jin)以(yi)先死列状(zhuang),乞(qi)上(shang)(shang)言秘(mi)府(fu),于(yu)外料取,呈内(nei)以(yi)闻(wen)。迫惧(ju)浅蔽,不(bu)(bu)(bu)合天(tian)听,抱怖(bu)雀息,乞(qi)垂(chui)(chui)哀省。” 曜(yao)冀(ji)以(yi)此求免,而(er)皓更(geng)怪其书之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)垢故(gu),又(you)以(yi)诘曜(yao)。曜(yao)对曰(yue):“囚(qiu)撰此书,实(shi)欲表上(shang)(shang), 惧(ju)有误谬,数数省读,不(bu)(bu)(bu)觉点污(wu)。被(bei)问寒战,形气(qi)呐吃,谨(jin)追(zhui)辞叩(kou)头五(wu)百下,两(liang)手自搏。”而(er)华核连上(shang)(shang)疏(shu)救曜(yao)曰(yue):“曜(yao)运值千载(zai),特蒙哀识,以(yi)其儒学,得(de)与史(shi)官(guan),貂蝉内(nei) 侍(shi),承答(da)天(tian)问,圣(sheng)朝仁笃(du),慎终(zhong)追(zhui)远(yuan),迎神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)际,垂(chui)(chui)涕敕曜(yao)。曜(yao)愚惑不(bu)(bu)(bu)达。不(bu)(bu)(bu)能敷(fu)宣(xuan)陛下大(da)舜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美,而(er)拘(ju)击史(shi)官(guan),使圣(sheng)趣不(bu)(bu)(bu)叙,至(zhi)行(xing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)彰(zhang),实(shi)曜(yao)愚蔽当(dang)死之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪,然(ran)臣(忄(xin)娄) (忄(xin)娄),见曜(yao)自少勤学,虽老不(bu)(bu)(bu)倦,探综坟典,温故(gu)知新,及意所(suo)(suo)经识古(gu)今行(xing)事(shi),外吏(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中少过(guo)曜(yao)者。昔(xi)李陵为汉(han)将,军败(bai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)还而(er)降匈奴,司马(ma)迁(qian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)加疾(ji)恶,为陵游说,汉(han) 武帝(di)以(yi)迁(qian)有良史(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才,欲使毕成所(suo)(suo)撰,忍不(bu)(bu)(bu)加诛,书卒(zu)成立,垂(chui)(chui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)穷。今曜(yao)在吴(wu),亦汉(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)史(shi)迁(qian)也。伏见前后符瑞彰(zhang)著。神指天(tian)应,继(ji)出(chu)累见,一(yi)统之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi),庶不(bu)(bu)(bu)复久。
事乎(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),当观时(shi)设制,三王(wang)不(bu)相因礼,五(wu)帝(di)不(bu)相沿乐,质文(wen)殊(shu)涂,损益异(yi)体,宜 得辈依(yi)准(zhun)古义,有所改立。汉(han)氏(shi)承秦,则有叔孙(sun)通定(ding)一代之(zhi)(zhi)仪,曜之(zhi)(zhi)才学(xue)亦汉(han)通之(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)也。又《吴(wu)书》虽已有头角,叙赞未(wei)述。昔班固作《汉(han)书》,文(wen)辞典雅,后(hou)刘珍(zhen),刘毅等作 《汉(han)记》,远不(bu)及固,叙传尤劣。今年《吴(wu)书》当垂千载,编次(ci)诸吏,后(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)才士论次(ci)善恶,非(fei)得良(liang)才如(ru)曜者,实(shi)不(bu)可使阙(que)不(bu)朽之(zhi)(zhi)书。如(ru)臣顽蔽,诚非(fei)其人。
曜年已(yi)七十,余(yu)数无几(ji),乞(qi)赦(she)其一等(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪,为(wei)终(zhong)身徒,使成书(shu)业,水足传未,垂(chui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 百(bai)世(shi)。谨通(tong)进(jin)表(biao),叩头百(bai)下。”皓不(bu)许,遂诛曜,徙百(bai)家零陵。子隆,亦(yi)有文学也。华(hua)核字永先,吴郡武进(jin)人也。始为(wei)上虞尉、曲农都尉,以(yi)文学入为(wei)秘府郎,迁中书(shu) 丞。蜀为(wei)魏(wei)所并(bing),核诣宫门发(fa)表(biao)曰:“间闻贼(zei)众蚁聚向西境(jing),西境(jing)艰险(xian),谓(wei)当(dang)无虞。定闻陆抗表(biao)至,成都不(bu)守,臣主播越,社稷倾(qing)覆。昔卫为(wei)翟(zhai)所灭而桓公存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),今道里长远, 不(bu)可救(jiu)振,失委附之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土,弃贡献(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国,臣以(yi)草芥,窃(qie)怀(huai)不(bu)宁。陛下圣仁,恩泽远抚,卒闻如(ru)此,必垂(chui)哀悼。臣不(bu)胜忡怅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),谨拜表(biao)以(yi)闻。”
孙皓即位,封除陵亭(ting)候。实(shi)鼎(ding)二年,皓更(geng)营新宫,制度(du)弘广,饰以(yi)(yi)珠玉,所(suo)费甚多。 是时(shi)盛夏兴工,农守并废,核上疏谏曰:“臣闻汉文之(zhi)(zhi)世,九州晏(yan)然,秦民喜去惨毒之(zhi)(zhi)苛(ke)政,归刘氏之(zhi)(zhi)宽仁,省役约法(fa),与之(zhi)(zhi)更(geng)始,分王子弟以(yi)(yi)藩汉室,当此之(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),皆以(yi)(yi)为泰(tai) 山(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)安,无穷之(zhi)(zhi)基(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)也。至(zhi)于贾(jia)谊,独(du)以(yi)(yi)为可痛(tong)哭及(ji)流(liu)涕者(zhe)三,可为长(zhang)叹息(xi)者(zhe)六,乃曰当今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)势何异(yi)抱火积薪(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)下而寝其(qi)上,火末及(ji)然而谓之(zhi)(zhi)安。其(qi)后变乱(luan),皆如其(qi)言(yan)。臣虽(sui) 下愚(yu),不识大伦,窃(qie)以(yi)(yi)囊时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)事,揆今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)势。
谊曰复(fu)(fu)数年间,诸王方刚,汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)傅相称疾(ji)罢归,欲(yu)以(yi)此(ci)为治(zhi),虽尧、舜(shun)不(bu)能安。今(jin)(jin) 大(da)敌(di)据九州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di),有大(da)半(ban)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众,习(xi)攻战之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余术(shu),乘戎刀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧势(shi),欲(yu)与(yu)中国争相吞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计(ji),其犹楚汉势(shi)不(bu)两(liang)立,非徒汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诸王淮南(nan),济北(bei)而(er)已。谊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)欲(yu)痛哭,比今(jin)(jin)为缓,抱(bao)火卧 薪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)喻,于今(jin)(jin)而(er)急(ji)(ji)。大(da)皇帝览前(qian)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如彼,察今(jin)(jin)势(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如此(ci),故(gu)广开农(nong)桑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye),积不(bu)訾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)储,恤民(min)重役(yi),务养(yang)战士(shi),是(shi)以(yi)大(da)小(xiao)感恩,各思竭命(ming)。斯运(yun)未至,早弃万国,自是(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后, 强臣专(zhuan)政(zheng),上诡天(tian)时(shi)(shi),下违(wei)从议,忘安存(cun)(cun)(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本,邀一时(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利,数兴军旅(lv),倾竭府藏,兵劳民(min)困(kun),无时(shi)(shi)获安。今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)存(cun)(cun)(cun)者乃创夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗众,哀苦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)余及耳(er)。遂使军盗空匮,仓廪(lin)不(bu)实, 布帛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赐(ci),寒暑不(bu)周,重以(yi)失业(ye),家户不(bu)赡。而(er)北(bei)积谷养(yang)民(min),专(zhuan)心向东(dong)(dong),无复(fu)(fu)他警。蜀为西藩,土(tu)地(di)险固,加(jia)承先(xian)主统御之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)术(shu),谓其守御足以(yi)长久(jiu),不(bu)图一朝(chao)奄(yan)至倾覆!唇亡 齿寒,古人所(suo)惧(ju)。交(jiao)州诸郡,国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)土(tu),交(jiao)阯、九真二(er)郡已没,日(ri)南(nan)孤危,存(cun)(cun)(cun)亡难保,合浦以(yi)北(bei),民(min)皆摇(yao)动。因(yin)(yin)连避役(yi),多(duo)有离(li)叛,而(er)备(bei)戍减少(shao),威(wei)镇(zhen)转轻,常恐呼吸复(fu)(fu)有变 故(gu)。昔海虏窥窬东(dong)(dong)县,多(duo)得离(li)民(min),地(di)习(xi)海行,狃于往年,钞盗无日(ri),今(jin)(jin)胸背有嫌,首尾(wei)多(duo)难,乃国朝(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)厄会(hui)也(ye)(ye)。诚宜住建立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi),先(xian)备(bei)豫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)计(ji),勉垦(ken)殖(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye),为饥(ji)乏(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)救。惟 恐农(nong)时(shi)(shi)将过,东(dong)(dong)作(zuo)向晚,有事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri),整严未办(ban)。若舍此(ci)急(ji)(ji),尽力功作(zuo),卒(zu)有风尘不(bu)虞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变。当委版筑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi),应烽燧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)(ji),驱怨苦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众,赴自刃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难,此(ci)乃大(da)敌(di)所(suo)因(yin)(yin)为资(zi)也(ye)(ye)。如 但固守,旷日(ri)持久(jiu),则军粮必乏(fa)(fa),不(bu)待(dai)接刃,而(er)战士(shi)已困(kun)矣(yi)。
昔(xi)太(tai)戊(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)时,桑(sang)谷生庭,惧而修德(de),怪消殷兴。荧(ying)惑守心,宋以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)灾,景公(gong)(gong)下从瞽 史(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)言(yan),而荧(ying)惑退(tui)舍,景公(gong)(gong)延年(nian)。夫(fu)修德(de)于(yu)身而感(gan)(gan)异(yi)类,言(yan)发于(yu)口通(tong)神(shen)明。臣以(yi)愚(yu)蔽,误忝近署,不(bu)能冀宣仁泽(ze)以(yi)感(gan)(gan)灵(ling)祗(zhi),仰(yang)惭俯(fu)愧,无(wu)所(suo)投处。退(tui)伏思(si)惟,荣惑桑(sang)谷之(zhi)(zhi)异(yi), 天(tian)示二主,至如他(ta)余锱介之(zhi)(zhi)妖;近是(shi)门庭小(xiao)神(shen)所(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei),验之(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)地(di),无(wu)有他(ta)变,而征样符瑞前(qian)后(hou)屡臻(zhen),明珠既(ji)觌,白雀继见,万亿之(zhi)(zhi)祚,实灵(ling)所(suo)挺。以(yi)九域为(wei)(wei)(wei)宅,天(tian)下为(wei)(wei)(wei)家(jia),不(bu)与(yu)(yu) 编户之(zhi)(zhi)民转(zhuan)徙同(tong)也(ye)(ye)。又今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)宫室,先(xian)帝所(suo)营(ying)。卜土(tu)(tu)立基,非为(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)祥。又杨市土(tu)(tu)地(di)与(yu)(yu)宫连(lian)接,若大(da)(da)功毕(bi)竟,舆(yu)驾迁住,门行之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen),皆当转(zhuan)移,犹恐(kong)长(zhang),久未必(bi)胜旧。屡迁不(bu)少, 留则(ze)有嫌(xian),此(ci)乃愚(yu)臣所(suo)以(yi)夙夜为(wei)(wei)(wei)忧灼也(ye)(ye)。臣省《月令》,季夏之(zhi)(zhi)月,不(bu)可以(yi)兴土(tu)(tu)功,不(bu)可以(yi)会(hui)诸侯(hou),不(bu)可以(yi)起兵(bing)动众,举大(da)(da)事必(bi)有大(da)(da)殃。今(jin)虽诸侯(hou)不(bu)会(hui),诸侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)军与(yu)(yu)会(hui)无(wu)异(yi)。 六月戊(wu)己,土(tu)(tu)行正王,既(ji)不(bu)可犯(fan),加(jia)又农月,时不(bu)可失(shi)。昔(xi)鲁(lu)隐公(gong)(gong)夏城中(zhong)丘,《春秋》书之(zhi)(zhi),垂为(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)戒(jie)。今(jin)筑宫为(wei)(wei)(wei)长(zhang)世之(zhi)(zhi)洪基,而犯(fan)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)禁,袭(xi)《春秋》之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)书,废敬(jing)授(shou) 之(zhi)(zhi)上务,臣以(yi)愚(yu)管,窃所(suo)未安(an)。
又恐所(suo)召离(li)民,或有不至,讨(tao)之(zhi)则(ze)废役(yi)兴事,不讨(tao)则(ze)日(ri)月滋慢。若(ruo)悉(xi)并到(dao),大众(zhong)聚 会,希(xi)无疾(ji)病(bing)。且人(ren)心安(an)则(ze)念善,苦则(ze)怨叛。江南精兵,北土所(suo)难,欲以十(shi)卒(zu)当(dang)东一人(ren)。天下未定(ding)(ding),深可忧惜之(zhi)。如此(ci)宫(gong)成,死(si)叛五千(qian),则(ze)北军之(zhi)众(zhong)更增五万(wan)(wan),著到(dao)万(wan)(wan)人(ren),则(ze)倍 益十(shi)万(wan)(wan),病(bing)者有死(si)亡之(zhi)损(sun)(sun),叛者传不善之(zhi)语,此(ci)乃大敌所(suo)以欢喜也。今(jin)当(dang)角力中原,以定(ding)(ding)强弱(ruo),正于际会。彼益我损(sun)(sun),加以劳困(kun),此(ci)乃雄(xiong)夫智士所(suo)以深忧。
臣闻(wen)先王治国(guo)(guo)无(wu)(wu)三年之储,曰国(guo)(guo)非(fei)其国(guo)(guo),安宁之世戒备如此。况敌(di)强大而忽农忘畜。 今虽颇(po)种殖,间者(zhe)大水沉没,其余存(cun)者(zhe)当须耘获。而长吏怖(bu)期(qi),上(shang)方(fang)诸(zhu)郡,身(shen)涉山林(lin),尽力(li)伐(fa)材,废农弃务(wu);士民妻(qi)孥羸小,垦(ken)殖又(you)薄;若有水旱则永无(wu)(wu)所获。州郡见米,当 待有事,冗食之众,仰官供济(ji)。若上(shang)下空(kong)乏(fa),运(yun)漕不供,而北敌(di)犯疆,使周、召(zhao)更生,良(liang)、平复出,不能(neng)为(wei)陛下计明矣。臣闻(wen)君明者(zhe)臣忠(zhong),主(zhu)圣者(zhe)臣直,是(shi)以(忄(xin)娄)(忄(xin) 娄),昧犯天威,乞垂哀省。
书(shu)奏,皓不纳。后迁东(dong)观令,领右国吏,核上疏辞(ci)让。皓答曰:“得表,以东(dong)观儒 林之(zhi)府(fu),当(dang)讲校文艺(yi),处定疑难,汉时皆名学硕儒乃任其职(zhi),乞(qi)更选英贤。闻(wen)之(zhi),以卿(qing)研(yan)精坟典,博(bo)览多闻(wen),可谓悦(yue)礼乐(le)敦诗书(shu)者(zhe)也。当(dang)飞翰骋藻,光(guang)赞时事(shi),以越(yue)扬、班、 张、蔡之(zhi)畴,怪乃谦光(guang),厚(hou)自菲薄,宜勉备所(suo)职(zhi),以迈(mai)先贤,勿复纷(fen)纷(fen)。”
时仓廪无(wu)储(chu)(chu),世俗滋(zi)侈,核(he)上(shang)疏曰:“今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)冠虏充(chong)(chong)斥,征(zheng)伐(fa)未(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)(yi),居无(wu)积年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)储(chu)(chu),出 无(wu)敌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)畜,此乃有(you)(you)国(guo)(guo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所宣深忧也。夫(fu)财谷(gu)所生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),皆出于(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min),趋时务(wu)(wu)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong),国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)急(ji)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)都(dou)下(xia)(xia)诸官,所掌(zhang)别异,各自下(xia)(xia)调,不(bu)(bu)计民(min)(min)(min)力(li),辄(zhe)与近期。长吏(li)畏罪(zui),昼夜催(cui)民(min)(min)(min),委舍(she)佃(dian) 事(shi),遑赴(fu)会日,定送到都(dou),或蕴(yun)积不(bu)(bu)用,而(er)(er)(er)(er)徒使(shi)百(bai)姓消力(li)失(shi)时。到秋收月,督其(qi)限入,夺其(qi)播殖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,而(er)(er)(er)(er)责定送其(qi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)税,如(ru)有(you)(you)逋悬,则籍没(mei)财物,故家(jia)(jia)户贫(pin)困(kun),衣食不(bu)(bu)足(zu)。 宜暂息众役(yi),专心(xin)(xin)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)桑。古人(ren)(ren)称一(yi)(yi)夫(fu)不(bu)(bu)耕(geng),或受其(qi)饥。一(yi)(yi)女(nv)(nv)不(bu)(bu)织,或受其(qi)寒。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)先王治国(guo)(guo),惟农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)是(shi)(shi)务(wu)(wu)。军兴(xing)以(yi)(yi)来,已(yi)(yi)向(xiang)百(bai)栽,农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)人(ren)(ren)废(fei)(fei)南亩之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)务(wu)(wu),女(nv)(nv)工(gong)停(ting)机杼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye)。推此揆(kui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi), 则蔬食而(er)(er)(er)(er)长饥,薄衣而(er)(er)(er)(er)履冰(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),固(gu)不(bu)(bu)少(shao)矣(yi)。臣闻主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所求于(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二,民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所望于(yu)(yu)主(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)。二谓(wei)(wei)求其(qi)为(wei)(wei)己(ji)劳也,求其(qi)为(wei)(wei)己(ji)死也。三(san)谓(wei)(wei)讥者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),劳者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能息之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),有(you)(you)功(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)能赏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。民(min)(min)(min) 以(yi)(yi)致其(qi)二事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)主(zhu)失(shi)其(qi)三(san)望者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则怨(yuan)心(xin)(xin)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)功(gong)不(bu)(bu)建(jian),今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)帑藏(zang)(zang)不(bu)(bu)实(shi),民(min)(min)(min)劳役(yi)猥,主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二求已(yi)(yi)备,民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)望未(wei)(wei)(wei)报。且(qie)饥者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)待美馔(zhuan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后饱,寒者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)俟狐貉而(er)(er)(er)(er)后温,为(wei)(wei)味者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奇,文(wen) 绣(xiu)(xiu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰也。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)事(shi)多(duo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)役(yi)繁,民(min)(min)(min)贫(pin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)俗奢,百(bai)工(gong)作无(wu)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器,妇人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)绮靡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰,不(bu)(bu)勤麻枲,并乡黼黻,转相仿(fang)效,耻独无(wu)有(you)(you)。兵(bing)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia),犹复(fu)遂俗,内无(wu)儋石之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)储(chu)(chu),而(er)(er)(er)(er)出有(you)(you) 绫绮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu),至于(yu)(yu)富(fu)贾商贩(fan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia),重(zhong)以(yi)(yi)金银,奢恣(zi)尤(you)甚。天下(xia)(xia)未(wei)(wei)(wei)平(ping),百(bai)姓不(bu)(bu)赡,宜一(yi)(yi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)民(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原,丰谷(gu)帛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)弃功(gong)于(yu)(yu)浮华(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)巧,妨(fang)日于(yu)(yu)侈靡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),上(shang)无(wu)尊卑等级之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差,下(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)耗 财物力(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)损。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)吏(li)士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)家(jia)(jia),少(shao)无(wu)子女(nv)(nv),多(duo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)三(san)四,少(shao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)(yi)二,通令(ling)户有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)女(nv)(nv),十(shi)万家(jia)(jia)则十(shi)万人(ren)(ren),人(ren)(ren)织绩(ji)一(yi)(yi)岁一(yi)(yi)束,则十(shi)万束矣(yi)。使(shi)四疆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内同心(xin)(xin)戮力(li),数年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间,布(bu)帛必积。 恣(zi)民(min)(min)(min)五(wu)色(se),惟所服(fu)用,但禁绮绣(xiu)(xiu)无(wu)益之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰。且(qie)美貌(mao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)待华(hua)(hua)采以(yi)(yi)祟(sui)好,艳姿者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)待文(wen)绮以(yi)(yi)致爱,五(wu)采之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饰,足(zu)以(yi)(yi)丽矣(yi)。若极粉黛,穷盛服(fu),未(wei)(wei)(wei)必无(wu)丑妇。废(fei)(fei)华(hua)(hua)采,去文(wen)绣(xiu)(xiu),未(wei)(wei)(wei) 必无(wu)美人(ren)(ren)也。若实(shi)如(ru)论,有(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)益废(fei)(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)损者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),何爱而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)斩(zhan)禁以(yi)(yi)充(chong)(chong)府藏(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)乎?此救乏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)务(wu)(wu),富(fu)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本业(ye)也,使(shi)管、晏复(fu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),无(wu)以(yi)(yi)易此。汉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)、景(jing),承平(ping)继统,天下(xia)(xia)已(yi)(yi)定, 四方无(wu)虞,犹以(yi)(yi)雕文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妨(fang)农(nong)(nong)(nong)(nong)事(shi),锦绣(xiu)(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)害(hai)女(nv)(nv)红,开富(fu)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)利,杜饥寒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本。况今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)六台分(fen)乖;豺(chai)狼充(chong)(chong)路;兵(bing)不(bu)(bu)离疆;甲(jia)不(bu)(bu)解带(dai)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)可以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)广生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)财之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)原,充(chong)(chong)府藏(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)积哉?”
皓(hao)以核(he)年老,敕(chi)令草表,核(he)不敢。又(you)敕(chi)作草文,停立待之。核(he)为(wei)文曰:“咨(zi)核(he)小臣, 草芥(jie)凡(fan)庸(yong)。遭眷值圣(sheng),受恩特隆(long)。越从朽壤(rang),蝉蜕朝(chao)中。熙光紫闼;青璅是凭(ping)。毖挹清露,沐浴凯风。效无丝氂,负阙山祟。滋(zi)润含垢,恩贷(dai)累(lei)重(zhong)。秽质被荣(rong),局命得融。欲 报罔极,委之皇穹。圣(sheng)恩雨注(zhu),哀(ai)弃其尤(you)。猥命草对,润被下愚。不敢达敕(chi),惧速(su)罪诛。冒承(cheng)诏(zhao)命,魂逝形留。”核(he)前(qian)后陈便宜(yi),及贡荐良能,解释罪过,书百余上,皆有补益(yi), 文多(duo)不悉载。天册元(yuan)年以微谴免,数岁卒。曜(yao)、核(he)所(suo)论事章疏,咸(xian)传于世也。
评(ping)曰:薛莹称王蕃(fan)器量(liang)绰(chuo)异,弘(hong)博多通。楼玄清(qing)白节操(cao),才(cai)理(li)条(tiao)畅;贺邵(shao)厉志高洁, 机理(li)清(qing)要。韦(wei)曜笃学(xue)好古(gu),博见群(qun)籍,有(you)记述之(zhi)才(cai)。胡冲(chong)以为玄、邵(shao)、蕃(fan)一时清(qing)妙(miao),略无优劣,必不(bu)得已,玄宜在先,邵(shao)当次之(zhi)。华核文赋之(zhi)才(cai),有(you)过于曜,而典诰不(bu)及也。 矛观核数(shu)献(xian)良规(gui),期于自尽,庶几忠(zhong)臣矣。然此(ci)数(shu)子,处无妄之(zhi)世而有(you)名位,强死其理(li),得免为幸耳。
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