太平经(44)
◎事师如(ru)事父言(yan)当成法诀第一百五(wu)十(shi)五(wu)
“今愚生举言(yan),不(bu)(bu)中天师(shi)心,常(chang)为重谪过(guo),不(bu)(bu)冒(mao)过(guo)问(wen)(wen),又到年(nian)竟,犹无(wu)从得(de)知(zhi)之,愿复(fu)请问(wen)(wen)一(yi)言(yan)。”“平(ping)道(dao)之,何(he)所谦哉?不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)而(er)问(wen)(wen)之,是其数(shu)也。”
“今(jin)以(yi)第(di)一上(shang)道要德以(yi)教凡人,曾不大知(zhi)乎?”“善哉子言也。何有大知(zhi)之有乎?子何故疑此(ci)哉?”“吾闻子智(zhi)过(guo)(guo)其父,弟子智(zhi)过(guo)(guo)其师,臣智(zhi)过(guo)(guo)其君,则名为(wei)下贤智(zhi)过(guo)(guo)于其上(shang),以(yi)为(wei)不宜。”
“今子(zi)言是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye),又非也(ye)(ye)。今下(xia)智(zhi)(zhi)过于(yu)上(shang)者(zhe),乃谓不当(dang)使下(xia)智(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)巧(qiao)伪之(zhi)法(fa),其(qi)智(zhi)(zhi)过其(qi)上(shang),则(ze)还欺其(qi)上(shang)。子(zi)欲乐知(zhi)其(qi)效,比若教学,巧(qiao)家弟子(zi)智(zhi)(zhi)过其(qi)师(shi),则(ze)还害其(qi)师(shi)矣(yi)。夫为(wei)人下(xia),习(xi)知(zhi)猾伪奸道(dao),则(ze)下(xia)共还荧惑、欺其(qi)上(shang)矣(yi)。是(shi)(shi)故(gu)古(gu)者(zhe)大圣贤,不敢妄教授猾巧(qiao)伪文道(dao)也(ye)(ye),常深念其(qi)本而断其(qi)末,不使愚(yu)人知(zhi)之(zhi)。故(gu)以(yi)猾智(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)国,国之(zhi)大贼(zei)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)古(gu)者(zhe)圣人,常务授其(qi)真道(dao),不授浮华伪相巧(qiao)弄之(zhi)法(fa)也(ye)(ye),知(zhi)其(qi)为(wei)害大深,故(gu)常闭其(qi)凶学,而务开其(qi)吉路,使民常自谨,不知(zhi)为(wei)非。
子(zi)(zi)欲重知其(qi)信(xin),是(shi)故(gu)上三皇乃师(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)如(ru)父也,时臣(chen)(chen)(chen)各(ge)怀真道(dao)要(yao)德,无巧伪文、猾人,故(gu)其(qi)时臣(chen)(chen)(chen)智悉(xi)过其(qi)君,能为(wei)帝(di)王师(shi)(shi),其(qi)教若父,故(gu)师(shi)(shi)父事(shi)(shi)之(zhi),是(shi)则道(dao)德过其(qi)君之(zhi)则也,故(gu)能使其(qi)君安坐垂拱而(er)(er)无忧。故(gu)言十(shi)中十(shi),可(ke)辅帝(di)王;言十(shi)中九,可(ke)佐大臣(chen)(chen)(chen);言十(shi)中八,可(ke)为(wei)小吏;过此而(er)(er)下,不(bu)足取策。所言不(bu)中,名(ming)为(wei)妄语,乱误(wu)上者也。子(zi)(zi)知之(zhi)耶?”“唯(wei)(wei)唯(wei)(wei)。”
“行(xing),子欲重知其大(da)效,到(dao)于五帝(di),道(dao)(dao)小衰,故君(jun)(jun)臣道(dao)(dao)德(de)不(bu)能复相问,同(tong)(tong)门为朋(peng),同(tong)(tong)志为友(you),所知君(jun)(jun)臣同(tong)(tong),不(bu)能复大(da)相高上,要道(dao)(dao)秘(mi)德(de),小塞(sai)不(bu)通,故无可师父(fu)事,但(dan)朋(peng)友(you)事之也。
到于三王,师授者多妒(du)学,闭绝(jue)真道(dao)奇德,其弟子日益愚蔽无知(zhi),反多入浮(fu)文(wen),使(shi)君洽眩乱(luan),其道(dao)德浅薄,不足父事(shi),不足友(you)事(shi),故(gu)子事(shi)之(zhi)。其智少,故(gu)不而为帝王图难易,故(gu)使(shi)天(tian)地(di)大怒(nu),灾变连起(qi),不可禁绝(jue),大咎(jiu)在此。子知(zhi)之(zhi)耶?”“唯唯。”
“行,子已觉矣,复为子重明(ming)之。今五霸(ba)其臣(chen)悉无真道德,皆(jie)能作(zuo)巧伪猾,所以(yi)相(xiang)欺诈者,其臣(chen)多(duo)知(zhi)邪(xie)猾佞伪巧,所以(yi)相(xiang)惊(jing)动(dong)惑(huo)之道,或乃(nai)过(guo)其君,因而反逆(ni),子杀(sha)其父,臣(chen)杀(sha)其君,下杀(sha)其上,悉怀(huai)无义(yi)夷狄之心(xin),人(ren)人(ren)有(you)巧伪之术(shu),各有(you)奸(jian)心(xin),无有(you)真道,故(gu)数反逆(ni)。故(gu)事(shi)斧钻(zuan),视臣(chen)若死籍,乃(nai)其臣(chen)皆(jie)怀(huai)佞文,多(duo)巧猾,道不足(zu)重,故(gu)视之若畜也(ye),是(shi)明(ming)效也(ye)。
故(gu)古者圣(sheng)贤应天心(xin),娉(ping)真道德(de),士仁人,而放佞伪猾,以(yi)称皇天之心(xin),是故(gu)吾道悉开(kai)吉门,而闭凶(xiong)户,不敢及猾知可以(yi)过其君者也(ye)。子(zi)宁晓知耶?”“唯唯,慎(shen)之矣(yi)。”
“太上(shang)古(gu)之臣多(duo)仙寿,故能使(shi)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)寿;中(zhong)古(gu)臣多(duo)知(zhi)(zhi)怀道(dao)德,故能使(shi)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)常(chang)无忧;下古(gu)臣多(duo)无真(zhen)(zhen)道(dao)而愚,故多(duo)使(shi)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)愚甚(shen),君(jun)愚,其(qi)(qi)洽常(chang)乱愦,不(bu)得天心。霸君(jun)之臣尽佞伪,多(duo)猾巧诈,共荧(ying)惑其(qi)(qi)君(jun),使(shi)其(qi)(qi)失天正路,反入凶户,故与天为大(da)(da)怨。子(zi)知(zhi)(zhi)之乎?故其(qi)(qi)治悉凶,不(bu)得大(da)(da)久。真(zhen)(zhen)人为天问事,宜日谨,不(bu)可但恣意妄言(yan)(yan),言(yan)(yan)当成法(fa),言(yan)(yan)不(bu)成经,不(bu)若默也。举(ju)言(yan)(yan)不(bu)中(zhong),罪深不(bu)除。”“唯(wei)唯(wei)。”“行去,子(zi)已知(zhi)(zhi)矣。”
右智贤过其君难解诀
◎神(shen)司(si)人守(shou)本(ben)阴?诀第一百五十六
“请问一大(da)疑事。”“行言之。”“今(jin)天师广(guang)开天道之路,悉(xi)拘(ju)校古者道书之文(wen),以为真要秘道。真道者,多善其文(wen)乃入(ru)神(shen)(shen)(shen),故能睹(du)神(shen)(shen)(shen),与(yu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)为治,所治若神(shen)(shen)(shen)入(ru)神(shen)(shen)(shen),则真道也。乃多成于(yu)幽室(shi),或(huo)有使度于(yu)室(shi)中而去(qu)者,或(huo)有一出一入(ru)未能去(qu)者,或(huo)有但见神(shen)(shen)(shen)而终古不去(qu)者。
夫(fu)度(du)去者(zhe),万(wan)(wan)未(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)一人(ren)(ren);大寿(shou)者(zhe),千(qian)未(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)一人(ren)(ren)也(ye);小寿(shou)者(zhe),百(bai)未(wei)(wei)(wei)有(you)一人(ren)(ren)也(ye);竟其(qi)(qi)天(tian)年者(zhe),比是也(ye)。凡天(tian)下之人(ren)(ren)学问(wen)也(ye),万(wan)(wan)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)上官也(ye),千(qian)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)中官也(ye),百(bai)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)小官也(ye)。其(qi)(qi)于佃家活生,万(wan)(wan)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)亿万(wan)(wan)也(ye),千(qian)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)千(qian)万(wan)(wan)也(ye),百(bai)未(wei)(wei)(wei)一人(ren)(ren)得(de)(de)百(bai)万(wan)(wan)也(ye)。凡事者(zhe),皆如此矣(yi),故其(qi)(qi)本者(zhe)众多,其(qi)(qi)度(du)世及富贵者(zhe)少也(ye),愚生甚忧之。
今为(wei)道,当(dang)以(yi)何为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)戒,而(er)得(de)长成(cheng)乎(hu)(hu)(hu)?学问当(dang)以(yi)何为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)戒,而(er)得(de)到大(da)(da)(da)官乎(hu)(hu)(hu)?治生聚(ju)财,当(dang)以(yi)何为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)戒,而(er)得(de)致富乎(hu)(hu)(hu)?今不(bu)(bu)及天师力(li)问诸疑,恐(kong)终古蒙昧,不(bu)(bu)复开通(tong),无以(yi)得(de)知之也(ye)。”
“善(shan)哉善(shan)哉!诸真人问(wen)疑(yi)事也,天使子来问(wen)之(zhi)。诺,安坐,善(shan)问(wen)身听,今为真人悉道之(zhi),使□□可知(zhi),自随而力(li)记之(zhi)。”“唯唯。”
“行,后世得吾(wu)文,为其广开真(zhen)道之路,必且俱学真(zhen)道。夫真(zhen)道而(er)(er)多与神交际(ji),神道专以司人(ren)(ren)为事:亲(qin)人(ren)(ren)且喜(xi)善(shan),与不视,人(ren)(ren)且惊骇,与不俱争,语言于人(ren)(ren)旁,状若群鸟,相与往来,无有穷极,或(huo)言人(ren)(ren)且度(du)去,或(huo)言人(ren)(ren)且富而(er)(er)贵,或(huo)言人(ren)(ren)且贫而(er)(er)贱,或(huo)誉旁人(ren)(ren),或(huo)毁旁人(ren)(ren),或(huo)使人(ren)(ren)大(da)悦(yue)喜(xi),或(huo)使人(ren)(ren)常苦大(da)忿。
夫神,乃无形象、变化无穷极之(zhi)(zhi)物也。人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)专心(xin)自守,能(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)听其言,考(kao)心(xin)乃行,闭口不(bu)(bu)(bu)传其言,又不(bu)(bu)(bu)随为(wei)(wei)其愁怒(nu)喜,固(gu)固(gu)坚(jian)守本不(bu)(bu)(bu)移,务阴利(li)佑(you)人(ren)(ren)及凡物,不(bu)(bu)(bu)欲为(wei)(wei)害以年(nian),一知(zhi)(zhi)道之(zhi)(zhi)后,常为(wei)(wei)上善(shan),务利(li)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)害伤,求道为(wei)(wei)善(shan),到年(nian)穷乃止,为(wei)(wei)是不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢懈(xie)怠,万(wan)万(wan)度世一不(bu)(bu)(bu)耳(er),万(wan)得(de)大吉一凶(xiong)耳(er)。如此,则群神转共(gong)佑(you)助人(ren)(ren)也,使(shi)人(ren)(ren)日(ri)乐善(shan),不(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)复(fu)为(wei)(wei)邪(xie)恶也。真人(ren)(ren)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)耶?”“唯唯。”
“行,子(zi)已知矣。行为真(zhen)人道其(qi)且乱败者。人用(yong)心意不(bu)专纯,又(you)易(yi)(yi)喜易(yi)(yi)怒,易(yi)(yi)惊易(yi)(yi)惑,又(you)易(yi)(yi)事轻口(kou)(kou)清辩(bian)慧,常(chang)欲(yu)语善恶,无(wu)可能隐(yin)匿,遭(zao)者欲(yu)言,不(bu)能自(zi)禁止,于(yu)其(qi)如是,则(ze)群神(shen)共来欺之(zhi)(zhi)。或之(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)人,则(ze)且上(shang)入BD28言而(er)(er)死也(ye),或数争辩(bian)口(kou)(kou)而(er)(er)妄言也(ye),或为鬼神(shen)所惊,因而(er)(er)病狂也(ye)。大用(yong)心意不(bu)专一,人怒喜无(wu)常(chang),举事失(shi)正(zheng),惚恍无(wu)方,或以是失(shi)其(qi)贤友善辅(fu)也(ye),因以危亡。
是者(zhe)大咎在不(bu)爱利,为(wei)上(shang)则不(bu)欲(yu)利其(qi)(qi)(qi)下,听邪神,反欲(yu)害(hai)之(zhi),故(gu)贤者(zhe)使去,反失其(qi)(qi)(qi)贤辅用。其(qi)(qi)(qi)于小人(ren)也,不(bu)欲(yu)尊重其(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang),反听邪神诈伪,祆言妄语,是即为(wei)道不(bu)成,所以得凶之(zhi)门(men)户也,吾(wu)不(bu)能豫胜记(ji)之(zhi)也。凡人(ren)用心,不(bu)能专坚密者(zhe)易(yi)营,或皆举事不(bu)吉,所为(wei)多害(hai)得凶,其(qi)(qi)(qi)过失积(ji)众多,不(bu)可尽言。但为(wei)真人(ren)举道其(qi)(qi)(qi)大纲,见其(qi)(qi)(qi)端首,使贤明(ming)深见吾(wu)文,自精详随而察之(zhi),必已知矣。真人(ren)宁晓不(bu)耶(ye)?”“唯唯。”
“行(xing),子已大(da)觉矣。守(shou)吾(wu)文(wen)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)深戒,以(yi)(yi)为(wei)行(xing)者(zhe)万世(shi)可无凶害(hai),诚□□。故后(hou)世(shi)读吾(wu)文(wen)书(shu),从上(shang)到(dao)下,尽(jin)睹其(qi)要意(yi)义(yi)而行(xing)者(zhe),万不(bu)(bu)(bu)失一也(ye)(ye)。守(shou)之不(bu)(bu)(bu)置,自然毕也(ye)(ye)。专心(xin)善意(yi),乃与神交结也(ye)(ye)。邪心(xin)恶(e)意(yi),道必失也(ye)(ye);大(da)人不(bu)(bu)(bu)精听耶,或(huo)失其(qi)正位;小(xiao)人不(bu)(bu)(bu)精听耶,与祆结也(ye)(ye),此(ci)悉成身之害(hai),不(bu)(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)戒慎也(ye)(ye)。凡人举事有过,皆自身得之也(ye)(ye)。夫祸变近(jin)从胸心(xin)中出,不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)他所来也(ye)(ye)。真人知(zhi)耶?”
“唯(wei)(wei)唯(wei)(wei),可骇(hai)哉!可骇(hai)哉!”“子(zi)(zi)知(zhi)惧(ju)骇(hai)于(yu)是,可谓已得入真(zhen)道矣(yi)。”“愚生已大觉矣(yi),贤仪此(ci)以为行(xing)。成事,得长(zhang)入吉(ji)门,辟凶户矣(yi);死生之路,可长(zhang)睹矣(yi)。案此(ci)为行(xing),凶耶日远去(qu),吉(ji)者来矣(yi)。”“然,子(zi)(zi)已知(zhi)之矣(yi),□□不复(fu)重戒子(zi)(zi)也。”“唯(wei)(wei)唯(wei)(wei)。”
“行为(wei)子道学(xue)(xue)而得大(da)官者(zhe)决意。凡人(ren)学(xue)(xue)问也(ye)(ye)(ye),今日(ri)入学(xue)(xue)门,用心(xin)专一(yi),常欲(yu)(yu)佑利爱而不妄(wang)语,年(nian)少而学(xue)(xue),至老穷无(wu)复知乃止(zhi),不乐得官也(ye)(ye)(ye),但身好学(xue)(xue),务欲(yu)(yu)得知经(jing)道,积为(wei)善(shan)(shan)而不止(zhi),行名立,经(jing)道成,深知古今灾(zai)变所(suo)从起,其行与(yu)学(xue)(xue),有(you)益于上,有(you)利于下,为(wei)善(shan)(shan)积闻(wen),不可阖(he)闭(bi),名闻(wen)四(si)远,明王(wang)好之,因而征索召取(qu),百姓(xing)俱言(yan)善(shan)(shan)哉(zai),俱言(yan)大(da)吉,是其人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。旁(pang)人(ren)为(wei)其说喜,是者(zhe)即其善(shan)(shan)人(ren)学(xue)(xue)而度世者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。真人(ren)知之耶(ye)?”“唯唯。”