赵太后新用(yong)事,秦(qin)急(ji)攻之。赵氏(shi)求救于齐(qi),齐(qi)曰:“必以长安君(jun)为(wei)质,兵乃(nai)出。”太后不肯,大臣强(qiang)谏。太后明谓左右(you):“有复言令长安君(jun)为(wei)质者,老妇必唾其面。”
左(zuo)师触(chu)?愿见太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou),太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)盛气而(er)(er)(er)揖之(zhi)。入而(er)(er)(er)徐趋,至而(er)(er)(er)自谢,曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“老(lao)(lao)臣病足,曾(ceng)不(bu)(bu)能疾走,不(bu)(bu)得见久矣,窃(qie)自恕,而(er)(er)(er)恐(kong)太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)玉体之(zhi)有所郄也,故愿望见太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)。”太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“老(lao)(lao)妇(fu)(fu)恃辇而(er)(er)(er)行。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“日(ri)食(shi)(shi)饮得无衰乎?”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“恃鬻耳。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“老(lao)(lao)臣今(jin)者(zhe)殊不(bu)(bu)欲食(shi)(shi),乃自强步,日(ri)三四里,少益嗜食(shi)(shi),和于身。”太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue):“老(lao)(lao)妇(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)能。”太(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)之(zhi)色稍(shao)解。
左(zuo)师公曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“老臣贱(jian)息舒(shu)祺,最少(shao)(shao),不肖;而臣衰,窃(qie)爱(ai)怜(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)。愿令得补黑衣之(zhi)(zhi)数(shu),以卫王宫。没死(si)以闻。”太后(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“敬诺。年几(ji)何(he)矣?”对曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“十五岁矣。虽少(shao)(shao),愿及未填沟壑而托(tuo)之(zhi)(zhi)。”太后(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“丈夫亦(yi)爱(ai)怜(lian)其少(shao)(shao)于乎?”对曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“甚于妇人。”太后(hou)(hou)(hou)笑曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“妇人异甚。”对曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“老臣窃(qie)以为(wei)媪(ao)之(zhi)(zhi)爱(ai)燕(yan)后(hou)(hou)(hou),贤于长安(an)君(jun)。”曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“君(jun)过矣!不若(ruo)长安(an)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)甚。”左(zuo)师公曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“父(fu)母之(zhi)(zhi)爱(ai)子,则为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)计深远。媪(ao)之(zhi)(zhi)送(song)燕(yan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye),持其踵,为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)泣,念悲其远也(ye)(ye)(ye),亦(yi)哀之(zhi)(zhi)矣。已(yi)行,非弗思也(ye)(ye)(ye),祭祀必(bi)祝之(zhi)(zhi),祝曰(yue)(yue)(yue):‘必(bi)勿使反。’岂非计久长,有子孙(sun)相继为(wei)王也(ye)(ye)(ye)哉?”太后(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):“然。”
左(zuo)师公曰(yue):“今三(san)世以(yi)(yi)(yi)前,至于赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)之为赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)之子(zi)孙侯者,其(qi)(qi)(qi)继有在(zai)者乎?”曰(yue):“无有。”曰(yue):“微(wei)独赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao),诸侯有在(zai)者乎?”曰(yue):“老妇不闻也。”“此(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)近者祸(huo)及身,远者及其(qi)(qi)(qi)子(zi)孙。岂人主之子(zi)孙则必不善哉?位(wei)尊(zun)而无功,奉厚(hou)而无劳,而挟重(zhong)器多(duo)也。今媪(ao)尊(zun)长安(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)之位(wei),而封之以(yi)(yi)(yi)膏腴(yu)之地,多(duo)予之重(zhong)器,而不及今令有功于国,—旦山陵崩,长安(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)何以(yi)(yi)(yi)自托于赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)?龙臣以(yi)(yi)(yi)媪(ao)为长安(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)计短也,故以(yi)(yi)(yi)为其(qi)(qi)(qi)爱不若燕(yan)后。”太后曰(yue):“诺(nuo),恣君(jun)(jun)之所使之。”于是为长安(an)(an)(an)君(jun)(jun)约(yue)车百乘,质于齐(qi)(qi),齐(qi)(qi)兵(bing)乃出。
子(zi)义闻之(zhi)(zhi),曰:“人(ren)(ren)主之(zhi)(zhi)于也(ye),骨(gu)肉之(zhi)(zhi)亲也(ye),犹不能恃无(wu)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)尊,无(wu)劳之(zhi)(zhi)奉,而守金玉之(zhi)(zhi)重也(ye),况(kuang)人(ren)(ren)臣乎!”
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邹忌讽齐王纳谏(译文)