卷四十 杂记上第二十
陆曰:“郑(zheng)云:《杂记》者(zhe),以其杂记诸侯及(ji)士之丧事。”
[疏]正义曰:按郑《目录》云(yun):“名曰《杂记》者,以其(qi)杂记诸侯(hou)以下至(zhi)士之丧事。此於《别(bie)录》属《丧服》,分为上下,义与《曲(qu)礼》、《檀弓》分别(bie)不殊(shu)也。”
诸侯行而死於馆,则其复如於其国。如於道,则升其乘车之左毂,以其绥复。馆,王国所致舍。复,招魂复魄也。如於其国,主国馆宾,予使有之,得升屋招用襃衣也。如於道,道上庐宿也。升车左毂,象升屋东荣。“绥”当为“緌”,读如蕤宾之蕤,字之误也。緌,谓旌旗之旄也,去其旒而用之,异於生也。
○乘,绳证反(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。毂,工木反(fan)(fan)。绥,依注(zhu)作緌,耳隹反(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)及(ji)注(zhu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。复音伏,下(xia)(xia)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。予,羊汝反(fan)(fan)。襃,本又作褒(bao),保毛反(fan)(fan),后皆同(tong)(tong)(tong)。去(qu),起吕(lv)反(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)“去(qu)輤(qian)”同(tong)(tong)(tong)。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下至“蒲席以为裳帷”,总明诸侯及大夫士在路而死,招魂复魄,并明饰馆贵贱之等。此一经下至“庙门外”,论诸侯之制,今各依文解之。
○“诸侯行而死於馆”者,谓五等诸侯朝觐天子,及自相朝会之属而死者,谓诸侯於时,或在主国,死於馆者,谓主国有司所授馆舍也。
○“则其复如於其国”者,其复,谓招魂复魄也。虽在他国所授之舍,若复魄之礼,则与在己本国同,故云“如於其国”也。
○“如於道,则升其乘车之左毂”者,如,若也。道,路也。谓若诸侯在道路死,则复魄与本国异也。“乘车”,其所自乘之车也。其复魄,则俱升其所乘车左边毂上而复魄也。此车以南面为正,则左在东也。升车左毂,象在家升屋东荣也。其五等之复,人数各如其命数。今毂上狭,则不知以几人。崔氏云:“一人而已。”
○“以其绥复”者,绥,旌旗绥也。若在国中招魂,则衣各用其上服。今在路死,则招用旌旗之绥,是在路则异於在国,故云“於道用之”,亦冀魂魄望见识之而还也。若王丧於国,而复於四郊,亦建绥而复。《周礼·夏采》云“以乘车建绥,复于四郊”是也。
○注“馆主”至“生也”。
○正义曰:“馆(guan)(guan),主国所(suo)致舍(she)(she)”者(zhe)(zhe),按《曾子(zi)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“公(gong)(gong)馆(guan)(guan)与公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)为(wei)曰公(gong)(gong)馆(guan)(guan)”,是(shi)(shi)主国馆(guan)(guan)宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舍(she)(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与使(shi)有之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)主国与宾(bin)此舍(she)(she),使(shi)宾(bin)专自有之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)得升(sheng)屋招魂(hun),复用(yong)(yong)褒衣(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。褒衣(yi)者(zhe)(zhe),天子(zi)褒赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衣(yi),即下文(wen)“复用(yong)(yong)褒衣(yi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“如於(wu)(wu)道,道上(shang)庐宿也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),按《遗(yi)人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡野(ye)都之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道,十(shi)(shi)里(li)有庐,三十(shi)(shi)里(li)有宿,五十(shi)(shi)里(li)有市”,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“道上(shang)庐宿也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升(sheng)车左毂,象升(sheng)屋东荣”者(zhe)(zhe),车辕向南,左毂在东,故(gu)(gu)象东荣。不於(wu)(wu)庐宿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舍(she)(she)复者(zhe)(zhe),庐宿供待众宾(bin),非死者(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)专有,故(gu)(gu)复於(wu)(wu)乘(cheng)车左毂。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绥(sui)(sui)当(dang)为(wei)緌,读(du)(du)如蕤(rui)宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蕤(rui)”者(zhe)(zhe),但经(jing)中绥(sui)(sui)字(zi)丝旁(pang)著(zhu)妥,其音虽(sui),训(xun)为(wei)安。此复之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)緌也(ye)(ye)(ye)。緌,丝旁(pang)著(zhu)委,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“緌当(dang)为(wei)绥(sui)(sui)”。读(du)(du)此緌字(zi)为(wei)蕤(rui)宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蕤(rui)者(zhe)(zhe),音与蕤(rui)宾(bin)字(zi)声同也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)经(jing)作(zuo)绥(sui)(sui),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“字(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)误(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。“绥(sui)(sui),谓(wei)(wei)旌(jing)旗(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旄也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),按《夏采》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“乘(cheng)车建(jian)绥(sui)(sui),复于(yu)四郊。”乘(cheng)车,王路,当(dang)建(jian)大(da)常(chang)。今乃建(jian)绥(sui)(sui),无(wu)大(da)常(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《明堂位》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“有虞氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緌,夏后(hou)氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旂。”后(hou)王文(wen)饰,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)有虞氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)緌但有旄也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“去(qu)其旒而(er)用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),异(yi)於(wu)(wu)生也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),诸侯建(jian)交龙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旂,今以(yi)其绥(sui)(sui)复,是(shi)(shi)去(qu)其旒,异(yi)於(wu)(wu)生也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
其輤有裧,缁布裳帷,素锦以为屋而行。輤,载柩将殡之车饰也。輤取名於榇与蒨,读如蒨旆之蒨。榇,棺也。蒨,染赤色者也。将葬,载柩之车饰曰柳。裧,谓鳖甲边缘。缁布裳帷,围棺者也。裳帷用缁,则輤用赤矣。輤象宫室屋,其中小帐衤亲覆棺者。若未大敛,其载尸而归,车饰皆如之。
○輤,千见反(fan)(fan),注与蒨同(tong)。裧(tan),昌占反(fan)(fan)。缁裳帷(wei),本或作缁布裳帷(wei)。殡,必刃反(fan)(fan),本或作宾,音同(tong)。榇,初靳反(fan)(fan),又楚阵反(fan)(fan)。“与蒨”绝句,一本作輤,读(du)以“与”字(zi)绝句,与,则音馀。蒨旆(pei),上千见反(fan)(fan),下步贝反(fan)(fan)。缘,说绢反(fan)(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明诸侯车饰。輤,谓载柩之车。
○“有裧”者,谓輤之四旁有物裧垂,象鳖甲边缘。
○“缁布裳帷”者,輤下棺外用缁色之布,以为裳帷,以围绕棺也。
○“素锦以为屋”者,於此裳帷之中,又用素锦以为屋小帐,以覆棺而行者,於死处既设此饰而后行。
○注“輤载”至“如之”。
○正义(yi)曰:“輤(qian),载柩将(jiang)殡(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)车(che)饰(shi)也(ye)”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)经(jing)(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“遂入(ru),適所殡(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)将(jiang)殡(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)车(che)饰(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“輤(qian)取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)与蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”者(zhe),言此车(che)所以(yi)(yi)名輤(qian),凡(fan)有二义(yi):一者(zhe)取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen),榇(chen)(chen),近尸(shi)(shi)也(ye);二取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),草也(ye)。故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)与蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“读如(ru)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)旆之(zhi)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)”者(zhe),言经(jing)(jing)中(zhong)輤(qian)字读如(ru)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)旆之(zhi)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)。按《左传》定四(si)年祝鮀云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):封康叔以(yi)(yi)綪茷。谓(wei)以(yi)(yi)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)草染(ran)旆为赤色(se),故(gu)读此蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)与彼同(tong),是(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)草以(yi)(yi)染(ran)布(bu)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“榇(chen)(chen),棺也(ye)”者(zhe),覆(fu)(fu)说(shuo)取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)榇(chen)(chen)义(yi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian),染(ran)赤色(se)者(zhe)也(ye)”者(zhe),说(shuo)取(qu)(qu)名於(wu)(wu)(wu)蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)草之(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“将(jiang)葬(zang),载柩之(zhi)车(che)饰(shi)曰柳”者(zhe),证此经(jing)(jing)中(zhong)輤(qian)非将(jiang)葬(zang)车(che)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“裧,谓(wei)鳖甲(jia)边(bian)(bian)缘(yuan)”者(zhe),覆(fu)(fu)说(shuo)輤(qian)象(xiang)鳖甲(jia),覆(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)棺上,中(zhong)央隆高,四(si)面渐下(xia)(xia),裧象(xiang)边(bian)(bian)缘(yuan),垂(chui)於(wu)(wu)(wu)輤(qian)之(zhi)四(si)边(bian)(bian),与輤(qian)连体,则(ze)亦(yi)赤也(ye)。若葬(zang)车(che)之(zhi)饰(shi),则(ze)上用(yong)(yong)荒,不(bu)用(yong)(yong)輤(qian)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“裳(shang)帷用(yong)(yong)缁,则(ze)輤(qian)用(yong)(yong)赤矣(yi)”者(zhe),前(qian)虽读輤(qian)为蒨(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)草,其色(se)未明(ming)。今(jin)因裳(shang)帷用(yong)(yong)缁,故(gu)知(zhi)定輤(qian)为赤色(se),以(yi)(yi)玄纁(xun)(xun)相对(dui)之(zhi)物,故(gu)以(yi)(yi)赤色(se)对(dui)缁也(ye)。但玄纁(xun)(xun)天地之(zhi)色(se),取(qu)(qu)象(xiang)不(bu)同(tong),或上或下(xia)(xia),非一例(li)也(ye),要(yao)玄纁(xun)(xun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)相对(dui)之(zhi)色(se)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若未大(da)(da)敛,其载尸(shi)(shi)而归,车(che)饰(shi)皆(jie)如(ru)之(zhi)”者(zhe),此经(jing)(jing)所论,谓(wei)大(da)(da)敛后也(ye),故(gu)下(xia)(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“適所殡(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)”。若未大(da)(da)敛,则(ze)《曾子(zi)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“尸(shi)(shi)入(ru)门,升自阼阶”,不(bu)得云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“適所殡(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)”也(ye)。知(zhi)未大(da)(da)敛之(zhi)前(qian),车(che)饰(shi)亦(yi)然者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)载尸(shi)(shi)柩车(che)饰(shi),经(jing)(jing)唯有此一文,故(gu)知(zhi)其饰(shi)同(tong)也(ye)。
至於庙门,不毁墙,遂入,適所殡,唯輤为说於庙门外。庙,所殡宫。墙,裳帷也。適所殡,谓两楹之间。去輤乃入庙门,以其入自有宫室也。毁,或为彻凡柩自外来者,正棺於两楹之间,尸亦侇之於此,皆因殡焉。异者柩入自阙,升自西阶,尸入自门,升自阼阶。其殡必於两楹之间者,以其死不於室,而自外来,留之於中,不忍远也。
○说,吐(tu)夺反(fan),本亦(yi)作脱(tuo),下(xia)并(bing)注皆同。侇(yi)音夷。《隐义》云:“侇(yi)之言(yan)移也(ye)。”庾(yu)依(yi)《韵集》大兮反(fan),息也(ye)。远,于万反(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明诸侯礼载柩入制也。
○“至於庙门”者,谓殡宫门也。
○“不毁墙”者,“墙”谓裳帷,但毁去上輤,不毁去墙帷。
○“遂入,適所殡”者,遂入殡宫,正柩於两楹之间,而遂殡焉。
○“唯輤为说於庙门外”者,者,言馀物不说,唯輤一物脱於殡宫门外。
○注“庙所”至“远也”。
○正(zheng)义(yi)曰:“庙(miao),所(suo)(suo)殡(bin)(bin)宫(gong)”者,以(yi)殡(bin)(bin)之(zhi)所(suo)(suo)在(zai)(zai),故(gu)谓(wei)为“庙(miao)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“墙,裳(shang)帷也(ye)(ye)”者,郑(zheng)恐是(shi)宫(gong)墙之(zhi)嫌(xian),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“墙,裳(shang)帷也(ye)(ye)”。以(yi)饰(shi)棺(guan)之(zhi)物(wu)称墙。门(men)是(shi)入(ru)(ru)自门(men)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“適所(suo)(suo)殡(bin)(bin),在(zai)(zai)两楹(ying)(ying)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian)”者,以(yi)死在(zai)(zai)外来,故(gu)殡(bin)(bin)於(wu)两楹(ying)(ying)间(jian)(jian)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“去(qu)輤(qian)乃入(ru)(ru)庙(miao)门(men),以(yi)其入(ru)(ru)自有宫(gong)室(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)”者,解经所(suo)(suo)以(yi)去(qu)輤(qian)乃入(ru)(ru)之(zhi)意。輤(qian)乃覆棺(guan)上,象宫(gong)室(shi)(shi)。今(jin)入(ru)(ru)之(zhi)有宫(gong)室(shi)(shi),故(gu)去(qu)輤(qian)也(ye)(ye)。“不(bu)(bu)去(qu)裳(shang)帷”者,以(yi)裳(shang)帷鄣棺(guan),未可(ke)去(qu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)柩自外来者,正(zheng)棺(guan)於(wu)两楹(ying)(ying)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian)”者,按(an)《公羊》定元年:“癸亥,公之(zhi)丧至自乾侯,正(zheng)棺(guan)於(wu)两楹(ying)(ying)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian),然(ran)后即位。”郑(zheng)以(yi)是(shi)推之(zhi),则知尸自外来者,亦停於(wu)两楹(ying)(ying)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian),故(gu)尸亦侇(yi)之(zhi)於(wu)此,皆因(yin)殡(bin)(bin)焉。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“异者柩入(ru)(ru)自阙,升自西阶,尸入(ru)(ru)自门(men),升自阼阶”者,皆《曾子问(wen)》文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“留之(zhi)於(wu)中(zhong),不(bu)(bu)忍远(yuan)(yuan)也(ye)(ye)”者,以(yi)周人殡(bin)(bin)於(wu)客位,今(jin)殡(bin)(bin)於(wu)两楹(ying)(ying)之(zhi)间(jian)(jian),是(shi)不(bu)(bu)忍远(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。
大夫士死於道,则升其乘车之左毂,以其绥复。如於馆死,则其复如於家。绥亦緌也。大夫复於家以玄冕,士以爵弁服。大夫以布为輤而行,至於家而说輤,载以輲车,入自门,至於阼阶下而说车,举自阼阶,升適所殡。大夫輤言用布,白布不染也。言輤者,达名也。不言裳帷,俱用布,无所别也。至门,亦说輤乃入,言“载以輲车,入自门”,明车不易也。輲读为辁,或作槫。许氏《说文解字》曰:“有辐曰轮,无幅曰辁。”《周礼》又有蜃车,天子以载柩。蜃、辁声相近,其制同乎。辁崇綯半乘车之轮。诸侯言“不毁墙”,大夫士言“不易车”,互相明也。不易者,不易以楯也。庙中有载柩以輴之礼,此不耳。
○輲,依(yi)注(zhu)作(zuo)辁(quan)及(ji)槫,同,市(shi)专反(fan)(fan)(fan),又市(shi)转反(fan)(fan)(fan),注(zhu)及(ji)下同。别,彼列反(fan)(fan)(fan)。蜃,慎忍(ren)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。近,附近之近。楯,敕伦反(fan)(fan)(fan),下同。一本作(zuo)輴(chun),同。
[疏]“大夫”至“所殡”。
○正义曰:此一经明大夫车饰也。
○“大夫以布为輤”者,以白布为輤,不以蒨草染之,亦言“輤”者,通名耳。是有輤榇近之义也。
○“载以輲车”者,大夫初死及至家,皆以輲车。今至家说輤,唯輲车在,故云“载以輲车”。
○“入自门,至於阼阶下而说车”者,谓说去其车矣。
○“举自阼阶,升適所殡”者,谓举自阼阶下,而升適两楹之间所殡之处,此云“升適阼阶”,谓尸矣,若柩则升自西阶。
○注“大夫”至“不耳”。
○正义(yi)曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“白布不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)染也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)用(yong)(yong)布,故(gu)知(zhi)白布不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)染。下经(jing)“士輤(qian)(qian),苇席(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu),蒲席(xi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裳帷”,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)裳帷,则知(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)有(you)(you)裳帷,俱用(yong)(yong)布耳。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)輤(qian)(qian)者(zhe)(zhe),达(da)名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),既不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)蒨草染之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)輤(qian)(qian)者(zhe)(zhe),輤(qian)(qian)是(shi)(shi)榇近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),通(tong)达(da)於(wu)(wu)下,是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)士皆有(you)(you)榇近之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)门(men)(men),亦(yi)说(shuo)(shuo)輤(qian)(qian)乃(nai)入,言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),入自门(men)(men),明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)家(jia)而说(shuo)(shuo)輤(qian)(qian),载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,恐(kong)至(zhi)家(jia)乃(nai)载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)”。上(shang)(shang)(shang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁墙(qiang),遂(sui)入”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)”,此(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,明车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)读为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)辁(quan)(quan),或作槫(tuan)”者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)经(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)字(zi)(zi),当(dang)读为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)旁(pang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)全,或《礼(li)(li)记(ji)(ji)》诸(zhu)(zhu)本此(ci)(ci)用(yong)(yong)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)作木(mu)旁(pang)专字(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“许氏《说(shuo)(shuo)文(wen)解字(zi)(zi)》曰:有(you)(you)辐(fu)(fu)曰轮(lun),无(wu)辐(fu)(fu)曰辁(quan)(quan)”者(zhe)(zhe),有(you)(you)辐(fu)(fu),谓(wei)别(bie)施(shi)木(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)辐(fu)(fu)。无(wu)辐(fu)(fu),谓(wei)合大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)木(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)施(shi)辐(fu)(fu)曰辁(quan)(quan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)》又有(you)(you)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),天子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)”者(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)·遂(sui)师职》“共蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi)”,是(shi)(shi)天子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)辁(quan)(quan)声相(xiang)近,其(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)乎”者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)天子(zi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),与(yu)此(ci)(ci)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)辁(quan)(quan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)声既相(xiang)近,其(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)宜同(tong)(tong),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)乎”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“辁(quan)(quan)崇盖(gai)半乘(cheng)(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)无(wu)文(wen)证,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)类,盖(gai)迫(po)地而行,其(qi)(qi)轮(lun)宜卑,故(gu)疑半乘(cheng)(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun)。盖(gai),疑辞矣。《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)·考工记(ji)(ji)》:“乘(cheng)(cheng)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮(lun),六尺有(you)(you)六寸。”今云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)半之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),得三尺三寸也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁墙(qiang),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),互相(xiang)明也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁墙(qiang)”,则大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)毁墙(qiang)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)”,明诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)者(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士在路(lu)(lu),载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),至(zhi)家(jia)说(shuo)(shuo)载(zai)亦(yi)载(zai),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),是(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)易(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若天子(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),至(zhi)门(men)(men)亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),其(qi)(qi)殡(bin)时,则易(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“庙(miao)中有(you)(you)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輴(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li),此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耳”者(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)天子(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)时用(yong)(yong)輴(chun),又天子(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)朝庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,有(you)(you)用(yong)(yong)輴(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。此(ci)(ci)丧从外来,大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)士不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)合用(yong)(yong)輴(chun),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)耳”。凡在路(lu)(lu)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu),天子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下至(zhi)士,皆用(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),与(yu)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)同(tong)(tong)。故(gu)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)·遂(sui)师》“共蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)役(yi)”,是(shi)(shi)天子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“遂(sui)匠纳车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)于阶(jie)间。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)》谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),《杂记(ji)(ji)》谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)团(tuan)。”是(shi)(shi)士用(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《杂记(ji)(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)载(zai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)。”輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),则蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)用(yong)(yong)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),则诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)亦(yi)可知(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形,郑(zheng)注(zhu)《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“其(qi)(qi)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舆(yu)状如床(chuang)(chuang),中央有(you)(you)辕,前后(hou)出设辂舆(yu),辂舆(yu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)四周(zhou)(zhou),下则前后(hou)有(you)(you)轴(zhou),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)轮(lun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)轮(lun)。许叔重说(shuo)(shuo):‘有(you)(you)辐(fu)(fu)曰轮(lun),无(wu)辐(fu)(fu)曰輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。’”郑(zheng)又注(zhu)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)·遂(sui)师》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“四轮(lun)迫(po)地而行,有(you)(you)似於(wu)(wu)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen),因取名(ming)(ming)焉。”此(ci)(ci)是(shi)(shi)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),上(shang)(shang)(shang)下通(tong)用(yong)(yong)在路(lu)(lu)载(zai)柩(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輲(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)(zhi),亦(yi)与(yu)蜃(shen)(shen)(shen)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)同(tong)(tong),但不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)辐(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)轮(lun)。天子(zi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)皆用(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)《檀弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):天子(zi)菆涂龙(long)(long)輴(chun),谓(wei)画(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)辕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)龙(long)(long)。诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)殡(bin)亦(yi)用(yong)(yong)輴(chun)车(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)(che),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)画(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)辕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)龙(long)(long),故(gu)《丧大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)记(ji)(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“君殡(bin)用(yong)(yong)輴(chun)。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“君,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),輴(chun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)画(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)龙(long)(long)。”大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)殡(bin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)輴(chun),故(gu)郑(zheng)注(zhu)《丧大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)记(ji)(ji)》:“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)殡(bin)废輴(chun)。”是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)輴(chun)。土掘(jue)肂见衽,是(shi)(shi)亦(yi)废輴(chun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)朝庙(miao),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)皆用(yong)(yong)輴(chun),士朝庙(miao)用(yong)(yong)輁(qiong)轴(zhou),故(gu)《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“迁於(wu)(wu)祖用(yong)(yong)轴(zhou)。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)四周(zhou)(zhou)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)輴(chun),天子(zi)画(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)龙(long)(long)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。輴(chun)与(yu)輁(qiong)轴(zhou)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异者(zhe)(zhe),輴(chun)有(you)(you)四周(zhou)(zhou),輁(qiong)轴(zhou)则无(wu),故(gu)郑(zheng)注(zhu)《既夕(xi)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“轴(zhou)状如转辚,刻两头为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)轵(zhi),轵(zhi)状如长(zhang)床(chuang)(chuang)穿(chuan)桯,前后(hou)著金而关轴(zhou)焉”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
士輤,苇席以为屋,蒲席以为裳帷。言以苇席为屋,则无素锦为帐。
○苇,于鬼反。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明士輤也。
○“苇席以为屋”者,谓用苇席屈之,以为輤棺之屋也。
○“蒲席以为裳帷”者,又以蒲席以为裳帷,围绕於屋旁也。
○注“言以”至“为帐”。
○正义曰:言(yan)以(yi)士(shi)云(yun)(yun),苇(wei)席(xi)(xi)(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)屋,屋当帷(wei)帐之(zhi)处,故云(yun)(yun)“无(wu)素(su)(su)锦(jin)为(wei)(wei)帐”矣。然大(da)夫(fu)无(wu)以(yi)他(ta)物为(wei)(wei)屋之(zhi)文,则(ze)是用素(su)(su)锦(jin)为(wei)(wei)帐矣,与诸侯同(tong)。按诸侯与大(da)夫(fu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)輤(qian),旁(pang)有(you)裳(shang)(shang)帷(wei),内有(you)素(su)(su)锦(jin)屋。今士(shi)唯云(yun)(yun)“苇(wei)席(xi)(xi)(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)屋,蒲席(xi)(xi)(xi)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)裳(shang)(shang)帷(wei)”,不云(yun)(yun)屋上(shang)(shang)(shang)所有(you)之(zhi)物。据文言(yan)之(zhi),苇(wei)席(xi)(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)屋,则(ze)当覆(fu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)輤(qian)处,将蒲席(xi)(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)裳(shang)(shang)帷(wei),接屋之(zhi)四边以(yi)鄣棺。或(huo)可大(da)夫(fu)既有(you)素(su)(su)锦(jin)为(wei)(wei)帐,帐外(wai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有(you)布(bu),輤(qian)旁(pang)有(you)布(bu)裳(shang)(shang)帷(wei),则(ze)士(shi)之(zhi)苇(wei)席(xi)(xi)(xi)屋之(zhi)外(wai),旁(pang)有(you)蒲席(xi)(xi)(xi)裳(shang)(shang)帷(wei),则(ze)屋上(shang)(shang)(shang)当以(yi)蒲席(xi)(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)輤(qian)覆(fu)於上(shang)(shang)(shang),但文不备也(ye)。未(wei)知孰是,故两存(cun)焉。
凡讣於其君,曰:“君之臣某死。”讣,或皆作赴。赴,至也。臣死,其子使人至君所告之。
○讣音赴,注及下同。父、母、妻、长子,曰:“君之臣某之某死。”此臣於其家丧所主者。
○长,丁丈反,后“长子”皆同。君讣於他国之君,曰:“寡君不禄,敢告於执事。”夫人曰:“寡小君不禄。”大子之丧,曰:“寡君之適子某死。”君夫人不称薨,告他国君,谦也。
○大音泰,后“大子”同。適(shi),丁(ding)历反,下文(wen)注“適(shi)子”、“其適(shi)”、“宗適(shi)”、“適(shi)妻”并(bing)同。
[疏]“凡讣”至“某死”。
○正义曰:此一节总明遭丧讣告於君及敌者,并讣於邻国称谓之差,各随文解之。
○“父、母、妻、长子,曰:君之臣某之某死”者,上“某”是生者臣名,下“某”是臣之亲属死者。云君之臣姓某甲之父死也。
○“曰:寡君”至“执事”者,以谦,故称“寡君”,若云寡德之君。虽复寿考,仍以短折言之,故云“不禄”。不敢指斥邻国君身,故云“敢告於执事”也。
○“夫人”至“某死”者,皆当云“告於执事”,不言者,略之故也。
○注“君夫”至“谦也”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue):按(an)下《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“诸(zhu)侯(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)薨。”夫人(ren)尊,与(yu)咀(ju)墁也(ye)(ye)(ye)。今夫人(ren)与(yu)咀(ju)墁不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)薨者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)告他国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),及(ji)夫人(ren)自谦退(tui),是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢从(cong)君(jun)及(ji)夫人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)下《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)》篇云(yun)(yun)(yun):“士曰(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)。”今虽谦退(tui)而同士称(cheng)(cheng)者(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《异(yi)义(yi)》:“今《春(chun)秋公羊(yang)》说(shuo)诸(zhu)侯(hou)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)薨,讣(fu)(fu)於(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)亦当称(cheng)(cheng)薨。经书(shu)诸(zhu)侯(hou)言(yan)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe),《春(chun)秋》之(zhi)(zhi)文王鲁,故称(cheng)(cheng)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)下鲁。古《春(chun)秋左(zuo)氏》说(shuo),诸(zhu)侯(hou)薨,赴(fu)(fu)於(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)称(cheng)(cheng)名(ming),则书(shu)名(ming)称(cheng)(cheng)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)。卒(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe),终也(ye)(ye)(ye)。取其(qi)终身(shen),又以(yi)(yi)尊不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)出其(qi)国(guo)。许君(jun)谨按(an):《士虞礼(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):‘尸服,卒(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)服。’不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)分别尊卑,皆(jie)同年‘卒(zu)(zu)(zu)’者(zhe)(zhe),卒(zu)(zu)(zu),终也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)终没之(zhi)(zhi)辞也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑駮之(zhi)(zhi)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“按(an)《杂记(ji)》上(shang)云(yun)(yun)(yun):‘君(jun)薨,讣(fu)(fu)於(wu)他国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),曰(yue)(yue)(yue):寡君(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)。’《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)(li)》下曰(yue)(yue)(yue):‘寿考曰(yue)(yue)(yue)卒(zu)(zu)(zu),短折(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)。’今君(jun)薨而云(yun)(yun)(yun)‘不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)’者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)臣子(zi)於(wu)君(jun)父,虽有考终眉(mei)寿,犹若(ruo)其(qi)短折(zhe)然。若(ruo)君(jun)薨而讣(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)‘卒(zu)(zu)(zu)’,卒(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)寿终矣,斯(si)无哀惜之(zhi)(zhi)心,非臣子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)辞。邻(lin)国(guo)来(lai)赴(fu)(fu),书(shu)以(yi)(yi)‘卒(zu)(zu)(zu)’者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)无所(suo)老幼,皆(jie)终成人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi),所(suo)以(yi)(yi)相尊敬。”如《异(yi)义(yi)》所(suo)论(lun),是(shi)君(jun)称(cheng)(cheng)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)”之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi),若(ruo)杜(du)元(yuan)凯注《左(zuo)氏传(chuan)》,则与(yu)此异(yi)。按(an)隐三年声子(zi)卒(zu)(zu)(zu),传(chuan)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu),故不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)薨。”杜(du)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“邻(lin)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)赴(fu)(fu),鲁史书(shu)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe),臣子(zi)恶(e)其(qi)薨名(ming),改赴(fu)(fu)书(shu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”如郑此云(yun)(yun)(yun),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)谓赴(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)口辞矣。《春(chun)秋》所(suo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“薨”,谓赴(fu)(fu)书(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)策,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)寿考曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“卒(zu)(zu)(zu)”,短折(zhe)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄(lu)(lu)(lu)”。杜(du)以(yi)(yi)为《礼(li)(li)(li)记(ji)》后人(ren)所(suo)作,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)正与(yu)《春(chun)秋》同,杜(du)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫讣於同国適者,曰:“某不禄。”讣於士,亦曰:“某不禄。”讣於他国之君,曰:“君之外臣寡大夫某死。”讣於適者,曰:“吾子之外私寡大夫某不禄,使某实。”讣於士,亦曰:“吾子之外私寡大夫某不禄,使某实。”適,读为匹敌之敌,谓爵同者也。实当为至,此读,周秦之人声之误也。
○適,依注音敌,大历(li)反,下(xia)“適者(zhe)”同。实,依注音至,下(xia)同。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明大夫之卒,相讣告之礼也。
○“適者,曰:某不禄”者,谓同国大夫位相敌者,曰“某不禄”。
○“讣於”至“不禄”者,大夫既尊於士,士处亦得称不禄。称“某”者,或死者之名,或死者官号,而赴者得称之。
○“讣於”至“外臣”者,大夫不属他国,故云“外臣”,自谦退无德,故云“寡大夫某”矣。尊敬他君,不敢申辞,故云“某死”。
○“讣於”至“某实”者,“讣於適者”,谓大夫死,讣於他国大夫相敌体者,谓讣告大夫,以是别国私有恩好,故曰“外私”。以赴大夫,其辞得申,故云“某不禄”。以身赴告,故云“使某实”。
○“讣(fu)於士(shi)”至“某实”者,谓大夫(fu)之丧,讣(fu)他国(guo)之士(shi),其辞与讣(fu)大夫(fu)同。此所云“大夫(fu)”者,上下皆同,曰大夫(fu)无以为异也。
士(shi)讣(fu)於(wu)同国(guo)大夫,曰(yue):“某死(si)(si)(si)。”讣(fu)於(wu)士(shi),亦曰(yue):“某死(si)(si)(si)。”讣(fu)於(wu)他国(guo)之君,曰(yue):“君之外(wai)臣某死(si)(si)(si)。”讣(fu)於(wu)大夫,曰(yue):“吾子之外(wai)私(si)某死(si)(si)(si)。”讣(fu)於(wu)士(shi),亦曰(yue):“吾子之外(wai)私(si)某死(si)(si)(si)。”
[疏]正义(yi)曰:此一经论士(shi)丧相讣(fu)告之称。云某死者(zhe),以(yi)其士(shi)贱,赴大(da)夫(fu)及士(shi),皆(jie)云“某死”。若讣(fu)他(ta)国之君(jun)及大(da)夫(fu)士(shi)等,皆(jie)云“某死”,但於他(ta)君(jun)称“外臣”,於大(da)夫(fu)士(shi)言(yan)“外私”耳(er)。
大夫次於公馆以终丧,士练而归,士次於公馆。公馆,公宫之舍也。练而归之士,谓邑宰也。练而犹处公馆,朝廷之士也,唯大夫三年无归也。
○朝(chao),直遥反,下(xia)注同。大夫居(ju)(ju)庐,士(shi)居(ju)(ju)垩(e)室。谓未(wei)练时也,士(shi)居(ju)(ju)垩(e)室,亦谓邑宰也。朝(chao)廷(ting)之士(shi),亦居(ju)(ju)庐。
[疏]“大夫”至“垩室”。
○正义曰:此一节明大夫士遭君丧,次舍居处及归还之节。“公馆”,君之舍也,大夫恩深禄重,故为君丧“居庐”。终丧毕,乃还家也。
○“士练而归”者,谓邑宰之士也。士卑恩轻,故至小祥,而反其所治邑也。
○“士次於公馆”者,此谓朝廷之士也,虽轻而无邑事,故亦留次公馆三年也。
○“大夫居庐”者,以位尊恩重,故居庐。
○“士居垩室”者,士位卑恩轻,故居垩室也。
○注“公馆”至“归也”。
○正义曰:云“练而归之士,谓邑宰也”者,以下文云“士次於公馆”。今云“练而归”,明是邑宰,以为君治邑。若久而不归,即废其职事也。若身为大夫,虽位得采地,亦终丧乃归也。
○注“谓未”至“居庐”。
○正(zheng)义曰:知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)是未练(lian)时者,按《间传》云(yun)(yun):“斩(zhan)衰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧,居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)倚庐(lu)。”既练(lian)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi),此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)若(ruo)(ruo)练(lian)后,则(ze)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。今云(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),明未练(lian)时也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi),亦(yi)(yi)谓邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)也(ye)(ye)”者,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)若(ruo)(ruo)非邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai),未练(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,当与(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)同(tong)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)。今云(yun)(yun)“居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)”,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)是邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)也(ye)(ye)。必知(zhi)邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)者,以上(shang)文云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)终丧,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)练(lian)而归”,言邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),降(jiang)(jiang)於大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)”,亦(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)於大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu),故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)是邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“朝廷(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)”者,以臣(chen)为(wei)君丧,俱(ju)服(fu)斩(zhan)衰,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)未练(lian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)也(ye)(ye)。然(ran)《周礼·宫(gong)(gong)正(zheng)》注云(yun)(yun):“亲(qin)者贵(gui)者居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),疏者贱者居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。”引此(ci)(ci)(ci)《杂记(ji)》云(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。”则(ze)是大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)以上(shang)定(ding)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以定(ding)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)“朝廷(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)”,与(yu)(yu)彼不(bu)同(tong)者,寻郑(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文意,若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王(wang)亲(qin)者,虽云(yun)(yun)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)贱亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),则(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)“朝廷(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)”是也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王(wang)无亲(qin),身又是士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi),则(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)”是也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)於《宫(gong)(gong)正(zheng)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注,引此(ci)(ci)(ci)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)”,证贱者居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)与(yu)(yu)王(wang)亲(qin),虽疏,但是贵(gui)者,则(ze)亦(yi)(yi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)也(ye)(ye)。庾氏(shi)、熊(xiong)氏(shi)并为(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)说。熊(xiong)氏(shi)或(huo)说云(yun)(yun):若(ruo)(ruo)天(tian)子,则(ze)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。则(ze)《杂记(ji)》言是也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)诸侯(hou),则(ze)朝廷(ting)大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)庐(lu)也(ye)(ye),邑(yi)宰(zai)(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)垩(e)室(shi)。《宫(gong)(gong)正(zheng)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注是也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)义得(de)两(liang)通(tong),故(gu)(gu)并存焉(yan)。
大夫为其父母兄弟之未为大夫者之丧,服如士服,士为其父母兄弟之为大夫者之丧,服如士服。大夫虽尊,不以其服服父母兄弟,嫌若逾之也。士,谓大夫庶子为士者也。己卑,又不敢服尊者之服。今大夫丧服礼逸,与士异者,未得而备闻也。《春秋传》曰:“齐晏桓子卒,晏婴粗衰斩,苴绖带,杖,菅屦,食粥,居倚庐,寝苫,枕草。其老曰:非大夫之礼也。曰:惟卿为大夫。”此平仲之谦也。言己非大夫,故为父服士服耳。“粗衰斩”者,其缕在齐斩之间,谓缕如三升半,而三升不缉也。斩衰以三升为正,微细焉则属於粗也。然则士与大夫为父服异者,有粗衰斩,枕草矣。其为母五升缕而四升为兄弟六升,缕而五升乎。惟大夫以上,乃能备仪尽饰,士以下则以臣服君之斩衰为其父,以臣从君,而服之齐衰,为其母与兄弟,亦以勉人为高行也。大功以下,大夫、士服同。
○大夫为其,于伪(wei)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)“士为其”同,注(zhu)除“为士”、“卿为”、“为正”,皆(jie)仿此。晏,於(wu)谏(jian)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。婴,一盈反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。衰,七(qi)雷反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。苴,七(qi)馀反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。绖,大结反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。菅,古颜反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。屦,九具反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。粥,之(zhi)六反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。倚,於(wu)绮反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。苫,始占反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。枕,之(zhi)鸩反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下(xia)(xia)同。缕(lv),力住反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。齐音咨,下(xia)(xia)“齐衰”皆(jie)同。缉,七(qi)入反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。上,时(shi)掌反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。行(xing),下(xia)(xia)孟(meng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此篇杂记丧事也。经次上下无义例科段,今各依文解之。此一经明大夫士为其父母昆弟之服也。
○注“大夫”至“服同”。
○正(zheng)义(yi)(yi)曰(yue):“嫌若(ruo)逾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)或作(zuo)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),或无(wu)(wu)(wu)官,今(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),若(ruo)著大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)尊逾越父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)。今(jin)不(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di),是(shi)(shi)(shi)嫌畏逾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)经(jing)中下(xia)文“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文,知(zhi)此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。若(ruo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),虽未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),犹服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),即(ji)下(xia)文是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)其(qi)適子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可(ke)知(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)此(ci)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但(dan)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)庶(shu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),己卑,不(bu)敢服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)逸,与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),未得(de)而(er)(er)(er)备(bei)闻(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)》殊(shu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),未甚分明(ming)。引《春(chun)秋传(chuan)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲证大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)同。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)引传(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),襄十七年(nian)《左传(chuan)》文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)晏(yan)(yan)桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)卒”至(zhi)“唯(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”,皆(jie)(jie)(jie)《左传(chuan)》辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“齐(qi)(qi)晏(yan)(yan)桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)卒”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)(shi)晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)晏(yan)(yan)弱,谥(shi)曰(yue)“桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),桓子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)身服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)斩(zhan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“苴(ju)绖(die)(die)(die)带(dai),杖”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴(ju)麻(ma)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首(shou)绖(die)(die)(die)、要带(dai),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴(ju)色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)竹(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)杖。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“菅屦(ju)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)菅草(cao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屦(ju)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“食(shi)粥(zhou),居(ju)(ju)倚庐,寝苫”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)。“枕(zhen)(zhen)草(cao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)老曰(yue):非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),老谓(wei)晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)家(jia)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen),见晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)其(qi)老言(yan)(yan)(yan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“曰(yue):唯(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)对(dui)家(jia)老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan):若(ruo)身为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing),得(de)著大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。若(ruo)身为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),惟得(de)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)平仲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谦也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)平仲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),谦退之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)己非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)耳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),若(ruo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)卿(qing)(qing),则(ze)(ze)得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)”。从(cong)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)(jun)解(jie)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)齐(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》初章(zhang)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)”,次章(zhang)“疏(shu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)”,疏(shu)即(ji)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)向粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),上(shang)向兼(jian)斩(zhan)有(you)(you)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。其(qi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)齐(qi)(qi)、斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),齐(qi)(qi)即(ji)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)布(bu)(bu)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)在(zai)(zai)(zai)齐(qi)(qi)、斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),其(qi)布(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)(ban)”,言(yan)(yan)(yan)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)如(ru)(ru)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)(ban),而(er)(er)(er)计缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)唯(wei)(wei)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)(ban),而(er)(er)(er)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)不(bu)缉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。但(dan)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),不(bu)缉是(shi)(shi)(shi)斩(zhan),而(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng),微细(xi)焉则(ze)(ze)属於粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),解(jie)晏(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)实斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)(ze)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有(you)(you)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)斩(zhan),枕(zhen)(zhen)草(cao)矣(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)既(ji)约(yue)《左传(chuan)》晏(yan)(yan)婴(ying)(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,始明(ming)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)同,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)(ze)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草(cao)矣(yi)(yi)”。则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)凷,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)疏(shu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草(cao)。按(an)《既(ji)夕礼(li)(li)》,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“枕(zhen)(zhen)块”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),记(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)广说(shuo),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)而(er)(er)(er)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)而(er)(er)(er)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半(ban)(ban)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)既(ji)约(yue)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)细(xi)降(jiang)(jiang)一等(deng),经(jing)文有(you)(you)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)及(ji)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)约(yue)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”,谓(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)细(xi)似(si)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”,谓(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)细(xi)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv),成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。皆(jie)(jie)(jie)谓(wei)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)细(xi)成(cheng)布(bu)(bu),升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数少也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“唯(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),乃能(neng)备(bei)仪(yi)尽饰”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),则(ze)(ze)兼(jian)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)诸(zhu)侯,德高能(neng)备(bei),仪(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)降(jiang)(jiang)杀,是(shi)(shi)(shi)“尽饰”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)君(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)而(er)(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)正(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一等(deng)。今(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)降(jiang)(jiang)从(cong)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)卑屈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)而(er)(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)从(cong)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),今(jin)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),得(de)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同。其(qi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu),父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒,缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)全(quan)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。而(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),前注(zhu)(zhu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)因(yin)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)降(jiang)(jiang)斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)一等(deng),即(ji)连(lian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”,据(ju)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卒为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)注(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di),与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)义(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)同,则(ze)(ze)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亦同。缕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如(ru)(ru)六(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)成(cheng)布(bu)(bu)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),据(ju)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)前后(hou)注(zhu)(zhu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勉(mian)人(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),居(ju)(ju)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)申(shen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)轻为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屈。今(jin)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)勉(mian)励(li)其(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di),使为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing)(xing),作(zuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)勉(mian)励(li)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)身,使为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)高行(xing)(xing)作(zuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)唯(wei)(wei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),不(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)有(you)(you)殊(shu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)重服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)情(qing)深,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)使士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)抑屈,使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勉(mian)励(li)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),轻服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)情(qing)杀,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)下(xia)俱申(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。按(an)《圣证论》王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)自(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曾子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):哭泣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哀(ai),齐(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),饘(zhan)粥(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi),自(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)达(da)。且大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上(shang)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俱三(san)命,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。晋士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)起大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)国上(shang)卿(qing)(qing),当(dang)(dang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。平仲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan),唯(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),谓(wei)诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)(qing),当(dang)(dang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)谦辞(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。春(chun)秋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尚(shang)轻简,丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)礼(li)(li)制(zhi)遂(sui)坏,群(qun)卿(qing)(qing)专政,晏(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)恶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)枕(zhen)(zhen)草(cao),於当(dang)(dang)时为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)重。是(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平仲云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):‘唯(wei)(wei)卿(qing)(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。’逊辞(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辟害(hai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)《孟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li),三(san)年(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang),齐(qi)(qi)疏(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),飦粥(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食(shi),自(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)达(da)於庶(shu)人(ren),三(san)代共之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)此(ci)记(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“端(duan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车皆(jie)(jie)(jie)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)。”又(you)《家(jia)语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue):平仲可(ke)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)能(neng)远(yuan)於害(hai)矣(yi)(yi)。不(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)己之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)駮人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei),逊辞(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辟咎也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang),在(zai)(zai)(zai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)敛时弁绖(die)(die)(die),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)冠(guan)素委貌。马昭答(da)王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)曰(yue):“《杂记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)兄(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),是(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。而(er)(er)(er)肃(su)(su)(su)(su)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),则(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)背经(jing)说(shuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li),张(zhang)融评云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)乱世尚(shang)轻凉,非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)王者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)达(da)礼(li)(li)。小功(gong)轻重,不(bu)达(da)於礼(li)(li)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)言(yan)(yan)(yan)谦者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)於远(yuan)害(hai)。”融意(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng),:义(yi)(yi)略(lve)同。如(ru)(ru)融之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo),是(shi)(shi)(shi)周公(gong)制(zhi)礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时,则(ze)(ze)上(shang)下(xia)同,当(dang)(dang)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)制(zhi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)。至(zhi)后(hou)世以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来,士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)记(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)载之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)因(yin)而(er)(er)(er)解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。礼(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)学,今(jin)申(shen)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“端(duan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),端(duan),正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。正(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)度上(shang)下(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),其(qi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)精粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu),卿(qing)(qing)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)曾子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)斩(zhan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情(qing),据(ju)其(qi)情(qing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一等(deng),无(wu)(wu)(wu)妨服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)殊(shu)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)耳。若(ruo)王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi),大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)弁绖(die)(die)(die),士(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)唯(wei)(wei)素冠(guan),此(ci)亦得(de)施於父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。此(ci)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)昆弟(di)(di)(di),岂亦弁绖(die)(die)(die)素冠(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乎(hu)?此(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)肃(su)(su)(su)(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)通也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。杜元凯(kai)注(zhu)(zhu)《左传(chuan)》,说(shuo)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)王肃(su)(su)(su)(su)同。服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)虔注(zhu)(zhu)《左传(chuan)》,与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)端(duan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)车无(wu)(wu)(wu)等(deng),其(qi)老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)问,晏(yan)(yan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)答(da),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei)(fei)(fei)(fei)礼(li)(li),并(bing)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)违,今(jin)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)不(bu)用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫之適子,服大夫之服。仕至大夫,贤著而德成,適子得服其服,亦尊其適象贤。
○著,知虑反。
[疏]注“仕至”至“象贤”
○正(zheng)义曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“仕(shi)至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),贤(xian)著(zhu)而德(de)(de)(de)成,適(shi)子(zi)得服(fu)(fu)(fu)其(qi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)”者(zhe),以经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適(shi)子(zi),服(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)”。所以然(ran)者(zhe),以其(qi)父(fu)在(zai)仕(shi)官,身至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),贤(xian)行(xing)既著(zhu),道德(de)(de)(de)又(you)成,故其(qi)適(shi)子(zi)虽(sui)未仕(shi)官,得服(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦(yi)尊(zun)(zun)其(qi)適(shi)象(xiang)贤(xian)”者(zhe),非但尊(zun)(zun)此(ci)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身,亦(yi)当尊(zun)(zun)其(qi)適(shi)子(zi),使服(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye),能象(xiang)似其(qi)父(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贤(xian)者(zhe)。皇氏云(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)適(shi)子(zi),若为(wei)士(shi),为(wei)其(qi)父(fu)唯服(fu)(fu)(fu)士(shi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)仕(shi)至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),谓(wei)此(ci)子(zi)若仕(shi)官至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu),始得服(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu),以其(qi)贤(xian)德(de)(de)(de)著(zhu)成。”如皇氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi),解此(ci)“仕(shi)至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)”为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi),按前经(jing)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)“士(shi),谓(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)庶子(zi)为(wei)士(shi)”者(zhe),明大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)適(shi)子(zi)未仕(shi)官,及为(wei)士(shi),皆得服(fu)(fu)(fu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。皇氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言,违文背(bei)注,不解郑意(yi),其(qi)说非也(ye)。
大夫之庶子为大夫,则为其父母服大夫服,其位与未为大夫者齿。虽庶子,得服其服,尚德也。使齿於士,不可不宗適。
○为,去声。
[疏]正义曰:此一节明大夫庶子为大夫,则得为父母服大夫之服。其位与未为大夫者齿。大夫庶子虽为大夫,得服大夫之服,其行位之处,与適子未为大夫者相齿列。
○注“虽庶”至“宗適”。
○正义曰:云“尚德(de)也”者,言此大夫(fu)之(zhi)子(zi)(zi),身虽(sui)是(shi)庶,所以得服(fu)者,以其(qi)仕至大夫(fu),由身有德(de)行,故云“尚德(de)也”。云“使齿(chi)於(wu)士(shi),不(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)宗適(shi)(shi)(shi)”者,此庶子(zi)(zi)虽(sui)为大夫(fu),犹齿(chi)列於(wu)適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下。其(qi)年(nian)虽(sui)长於(wu)適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi),犹在(zai)適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下,使適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)为主。若年(nian)少(shao)於(wu)適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi),则固在(zai)適(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)下,是(shi)不(bu)(bu)可不(bu)(bu)宗適(shi)(shi)(shi)也。
士之(zhi)子(zi)为大夫(fu),则其(qi)(qi)父母弗能主也,使其(qi)(qi)子(zi)主之(zhi)。无子(zi),则为之(zhi)置(zhi)后。大夫(fu)之(zhi)子(zi),得用(yong)大夫(fu)之(zhi)礼,而士不得也。置(zhi),犹立(li)也。
[疏]正义曰:“其父母弗能主也”者,士子身为大夫,若死,则父母不能为丧主也,以身是士,故不可为大夫丧主。
○“使其子主之”者,谓使此死者之子为主,以其子是大夫適子,故得为大夫之主,以其服大夫服故也。
○“无子则为之置后”者,若死宅无子,则为死者别置其后,所置之后,即大夫適子,同得行大夫之礼。此所置之后,谓暂为丧主,假用大夫之礼。若其大宗子,则直为之立后,自然用大夫礼也。
○注“大夫”至“得也”。
○正义曰:云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之子(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)用大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之礼(li)”者(zhe),则前云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),服大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之服”是也。解经“使其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)主(zhu)之”文(wen),其(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。若(ruo)无(wu)適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi),则以(yi)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi)当適(shi)处。若(ruo)无(wu)庶子(zi)(zi)(zi),则以(yi)族人之子(zi)(zi)(zi)当適(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)之处,皆(jie)得(de)用大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之礼(li),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之子(zi)(zi)(zi),得(de)用大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之礼(li)”总(zong)结(jie)此(ci)文(wen)。云(yun)(yun)“而(er)(er)士(shi)不得(de)也”者(zhe),其(qi)父(fu)是士(shi),不得(de)主(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)丧(sang),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)“而(er)(er)士(shi)不得(de)也”。所以(yi)然者(zhe),父(fu)贵可以(yi)及子(zi)(zi)(zi),故(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之子(zi)(zi)(zi)得(de)用大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之礼(li)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)贵不可以(yi)及父(fu),故(gu)(gu)其(qi)父(fu)不得(de)用大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)之礼(li)。
大夫卜宅与葬日,有司麻衣、布衰、布带,因丧屦,缁布冠不蕤,占者皮弁。有司,卜人也。麻衣,白布深衣而著衰焉,及布带缁布冠,此服非纯吉,亦非纯凶也。皮弁,则纯吉之尤者也。占者尊於有司,卜求吉,其服弥吉,大夫士朔服皮弁。
○著,丁略反。
[疏]正义曰:“大夫卜宅与葬日”者,宅谓葬地。大夫尊,故得卜宅并葬日。
○“有司”至“丧屦”者,有司,谓卜人。麻衣,谓白布深衣。布衰,谓粗衰也。皇氏云:“以三升半布为衰,长六寸,广四寸,缀於衣前,当胸上。后又有负版,长一尺六寸,广四寸。”布带,以布为带。因丧屦,谓因丧之绳屦。
○“缁布冠不蕤”者,以缁布为冠,不加緌。
○“占者皮弁”者,谓卜龟之人,尊於卜之有司,故皮弁纯吉也。
○注“有司”至“皮弁”。
○正(zheng)义(yi)曰:云(yun)(yun)“麻(ma)衣,白布(bu)(bu)(bu)深衣”者,谓吉(ji)(ji)服(fu)十(shi)五升之(zhi)布(bu)(bu)(bu),与(yu)缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)弁(bian)相类(lei),故(gu)(gu)知吉(ji)(ji)布(bu)(bu)(bu)也。云(yun)(yun)“而著衰焉”者,熊氏云(yun)(yun):“谓以吉(ji)(ji)布(bu)(bu)(bu)为衰,缀(zhui)於深衣。”云(yun)(yun)“及布(bu)(bu)(bu)带缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan),此(ci)服(fu)非(fei)(fei)(fei)纯(chun)吉(ji)(ji),亦非(fei)(fei)(fei)纯(chun)凶(xiong)也”者,谓麻(ma)衣白布(bu)(bu)(bu)深衣十(shi)五升是吉(ji)(ji),布(bu)(bu)(bu)衰是凶(xiong),布(bu)(bu)(bu)带亦凶(xiong),缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)是吉(ji)(ji),不蕤(rui)(rui)亦凶(xiong),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)“非(fei)(fei)(fei)纯(chun)吉(ji)(ji),亦非(fei)(fei)(fei)纯(chun)凶(xiong)”。然缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan),古法不蕤(rui)(rui),今特云(yun)(yun)“缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)不蕤(rui)(rui)”者,以后代(dai)缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)有蕤(rui)(rui)。此(ci)以凶(xiong)事,故(gu)(gu)不蕤(rui)(rui)。云(yun)(yun)“皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)弁(bian),则纯(chun)吉(ji)(ji)之(zhi)尤(you)者也”者,以上麻(ma)衣缁(zi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)杂有吉(ji)(ji)礼,此(ci)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)弁(bian)是纯(chun)吉(ji)(ji)尤(you)甚者。云(yun)(yun)“卜求吉(ji)(ji),其(qi)服(fu)弥(mi)吉(ji)(ji)”者,解(jie)用皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)弁(bian)之(zhi)意。云(yun)(yun)“大夫士朔服(fu)皮(pi)(pi)(pi)(pi)弁(bian)”者,於诸侯是视(shi)朔之(zhi)服(fu),於天子是视(shi)朝之(zhi)服(fu)也。
如筮,则史练冠长衣以筮,占者朝服。筮者,筮宅也。谓下大夫若士也。筮史,筮人也。长衣,深衣之纯以素也。长衣练冠,纯凶服也。朝服,纯吉服也。大夫士日朝服以朝也。
○朝,直遥反。注及下文皆同。纯音准,又之闰反。
[疏]正义曰:“如筮”者,谓下大夫及士不合用卜,故知用筮也。
○“则史练冠、长衣”者,此谓无地大夫筮葬礼也,唯筮宅卜日耳。卜时缁布冠,麻衣布衰,杂以吉凶之服。如筮,则练冠长衣。以筮轻,故用纯凶服也。
○“占者朝服”者,卜重,故占者皮弁;筮轻,故占者朝服。
○注“筮者”至“朝也”。
○正义曰:“筮(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe),筮(shi)(shi)宅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓下大夫若士(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)“筮(shi)(shi)宅卜日”,故(gu)知此(ci)(ci)筮(shi)(shi)谓筮(shi)(shi)宅也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),其制同耳。言此(ci)(ci)经长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)者(zhe)(zhe),凶(xiong)(xiong)时(shi)深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)。上经麻衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亦纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)经长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),深(shen)(shen)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)”者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)冠(guan)(guan),纯(chun)(chun)(chun)凶(xiong)(xiong)服(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则布(bu)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)《聘礼(li)》云(yun)(yun):“主(zhu)人(ren)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)受。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)彼云(yun)(yun)“长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),素(su)(su)纯(chun)(chun)(chun)布(bu)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)小祥以(yi)(yi)(yi)后,以(yi)(yi)(yi)练(lian)为冠(guan)(guan),都无吉(ji)象,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“纯(chun)(chun)(chun)凶(xiong)(xiong)服(fu)”云(yun)(yun)“大夫士(shi)(shi)(shi)日朝(chao)服(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓缁衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)素(su)(su)裳,诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)服(fu),每日视朝(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)。按(an)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun):“族(zu)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)莅卜,及宗人(ren)吉(ji)服(fu)。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“吉(ji)服(fu),服(fu)玄(xuan)端也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”此(ci)(ci)占(zhan)(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)朝(chao)服(fu)者(zhe)(zhe),彼谓士(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上礼(li),故(gu)占(zhan)(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)著玄(xuan)端。此(ci)(ci)据筮(shi)(shi)礼(li),故(gu)占(zhan)(zhan)者(zhe)(zhe)朝(chao)服(fu)。按(an)《士(shi)(shi)(shi)虞(yu)礼(li)》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“士(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属吏为其长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)吊(diao)服(fu)如麻。”此(ci)(ci)史练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)经文(wen)舍大夫,其臣(chen)为大夫,以(yi)(yi)(yi)布(bu)带绳屦,故(gu)史练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi),若士(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卜,史当从吊(diao)服(fu),不得练(lian)冠(guan)(guan)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)衣(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫之丧,既荐马,荐马者哭踊,出乃包奠,而读书。嫌与士异,记之也。《既夕礼》曰:“包牲取下体。”又曰:“主人之史请读赗”。
○“{廌豕}音荐(jian),本又作荐(jian)。赗,芳凤反。
[疏]正义曰:此明大夫将葬,启柩朝庙之后,欲出之时。
○“既荐马”者,按《士丧礼》下篇云:荐马之节,凡有三时,一者柩初出至祖庙,设奠,为迁祖之奠,讫,乃荐马,是其一也。至日侧祖奠之时,又荐马,是其二也。明日将行,设遣奠之时,又荐马,是其三也。此云既荐马,谓第三荐马之时也。以下则云“包奠而读书”,於《既夕礼》当第三荐马之节。
○“荐马者哭踊”者,谓主人见荐马。荐,进也,进马至乃哭踊。
○“出乃包奠”者,出,谓马出。“乃包奠”者,取遣奠牲下体包裹之,以遣送行也。然马出在包奠之前,而必云“出乃包奠”者,明“出”即“包奠”,包奠为出之节,故言“出”也。
○“而读书”者,书,谓凡送亡者赗入椁之物书也。读之者,省录之也。
○注“嫌与”至“读赗”。
○正义(yi)曰:“嫌(xian)与(yu)士(shi)异”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),按(an)《既(ji)(ji)夕礼》荐马(ma),马(ma)出(chu)之(zhi)(zhi)后,云(yun)(yun)“包牲(sheng)取(qu)(qu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)体(ti)”也(ye)(ye)(ye),又云(yun)(yun)“主(zhu)(zhu)人之(zhi)(zhi)史(shi)请读(du)赗”。今此大(da)夫(fu)亦荐马(ma)出(chu)后,包奠读(du)书,与(yu)士(shi)同(tong)。记者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)嫌(xian)畏(wei)大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)尊,与(yu)士(shi)有异,故(gu)特记之(zhi)(zhi),明(ming)与(yu)士(shi)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)引《既(ji)(ji)夕礼》以下(xia)(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证包牲(sheng)读(du)赗之(zhi)(zhi)节,谓(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)人见荐马(ma)送(song)行物而(er)哭踊(yong),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“荐马(ma)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)器踊(yong)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)以马(ma)进(jin)而(er)主(zhu)(zhu)人哭踊(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),马(ma)是牵车(che)(che)为行之(zhi)(zhi)物,今见进(jin)马(ma),是行期已至,故(gu)孝(xiao)子感之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)哭踊(yong)。云(yun)(yun)“《既(ji)(ji)夕礼》曰:包牲(sheng)车(che)(che)下(xia)(xia)(xia)体(ti)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),士(shi)则(ze)羊豕也(ye)(ye)(ye),郑注:“包者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),象既(ji)(ji)飨而(er)归宾俎者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。前胫(jing)(jing)折取(qu)(qu)臂臑,后胫(jing)(jing)折壤也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”臂,谓(wei)膝上膊下(xia)(xia)(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。臑,谓(wei)肘后。取(qu)(qu)骼(ge),谓(wei)取(qu)(qu)膊下(xia)(xia)(xia)股(gu)骨也(ye)(ye)(ye)。羊豕各三牲(sheng),必取(qu)(qu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)体(ti)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),下(xia)(xia)(xia)体(ti)能行,亦示将行也(ye)(ye)(ye)。有遣(qian)车(che)(che)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦先包之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“又曰:主(zhu)(zhu)人之(zhi)(zhi)史(shi)请读(du)赗”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),赗,犹(you)送(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)人名也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
大夫之丧,大宗人相,小宗人命龟,卜人作龟。卜葬及日也。相,相主人礼也。命龟,告以所问事也。作龟,谓杨火灼之以出兆。
○相,息(xi)亮反,注同。
[疏]正义曰:“大夫”,谓卿也。明卿丧用人及卜之法也。
○“大宗”,谓大宗伯也。相,佐威仪。
○“小宗人命龟”者,小宗,谓小宗伯也。命龟,谓告龟道所卜之辞也。
○卜人,亦有司。作,为用杨火灼之也,并皆有司也。皇氏云:“大小二宗,并是其君之职,来为丧事,如司徒旅归四布是也。”故《宗伯·肆师》云:“凡卿大夫之丧相其礼。”
○注“卜葬及日也”。
○正义曰:“知(zhi)卜葬(zang)及日(ri)(ri)”者(zhe),以文承(cheng)上“大夫卜宅与(yu)葬(zang)日(ri)(ri)”之下,故知(zhi)此经是上大夫之卜葬(zang)宅及日(ri)(ri)者(zhe)也(ye)。
内子以鞠衣、褒衣,素沙。下大夫以襢衣,其馀如士。此复所用衣也,当在“夫人狄税素沙”下,烂脱失处在此上耳。内子,卿之適妻也,《春秋传》曰“晋赵姬请逆叔隗於狄,赵衰以为内子,而已下之”是也。下大夫,谓下大夫之妻。襢,《周礼》作“展”。王后之服六,唯上公夫人亦有袆衣,侯伯夫人自揄狄而下,子男夫人自阙狄而下,卿妻自鞠衣而下,大夫妻自展衣而下,士妻税衣而已。素沙,若今纱縠之帛也。六服皆袍制,不禅,以素纱裹之,如今袍撚重缯矣。“褒衣”者,始为命妇见加赐之衣也。其馀如士之妻,则亦用税衣。
○鞠,九六反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),又(you)曲六反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),注同(tong)。襢,张(zhang)战反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。复音(yin)伏(fu)。狄税,他唤反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下文(wen)放此。烂,力旦反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。脱音(yin)夺,下同(tong)。隗,五罪反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。衰(shuai),初(chu)危反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。下,户嫁反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。展(zhan),张(zhang)战反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan),下同(tong)。襈音(yin)辉。揄音(yin)遥,下文(wen)并(bing)注同(tong)。縠,户木(mu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。袍,步羔反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。襌音(yin)丹。袿音(yin)圭(gui)。襈,士(shi)眷反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。重,直龙反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。缯(zeng),茨陵反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。
[疏]正义曰:此一节明卿大夫以下之妻所复之衣。
○“内子以鞠衣、褒衣”者,内子,谓卿妻。“复以鞠衣、褒衣”者,始命为内子,尚所褒赐之衣,复时亦用此衣,故云“鞠衣、褒衣”。褒衣则鞠衣也,但上命时褒赐,故曰“褒衣”也。
○“素沙”者,言此鞠衣褒衣,亦以素沙为里。
○“下大夫以襢衣”者,是下大夫之妻所复襢衣也。对卿妻为下,故服用襢,《周礼》作“展”。王后之服六,唯上公夫人亦有袆衣,侯伯夫人自揄狄而下,子男夫人自阙狄而下,卿妻自鞠衣而下,大夫妻自展衣而下,士妻税衣而已。六服皆袍制不禅,以素纱里之。袍制,谓连衣裳,有表有里似袍,故云“皆袍制不禅”。汉时有袿袍,其袍下之襈,以里缯为之。古之服皆以素纱为里,似此袿袍撚之里缯,故注云“如今之袿袍襈重缯也”。
○“其馀如士”者,谓内子鞠衣褒衣,已见於经。大夫以襢衣,亦见於经。唯有褖衣未见,故云“其馀如士”,谓鞠衣襢衣之外,其馀褖衣如士之妻。士妻既用褖衣而复,则内子下大夫妻等亦用褖衣也。
○注“此复”至“税衣”。
○正义(yi)曰:“此复(fu)所用衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以下(xia)(xia)“复(fu)诸侯以褒衣(yi)(yi)”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)此亦复(fu)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)。云(yun)“当(dang)在‘夫(fu)人狄(di)(di)税素沙(sha)’下(xia)(xia)”者(zhe)(zhe),以记者(zhe)(zhe)作记,当(dang)依尊卑顺(shun)序,此内(nei)(nei)子(zi)宜(yi)承夫(fu)人之(zhi)下(xia)(xia),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)“当(dang)在‘夫(fu)人狄(di)(di)税素沙(sha)’下(xia)(xia)”也(ye)。引“《春(chun)秋传》曰”以下(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe),僖(xi)二十四(si)年《左(zuo)传》文也(ye)。初晋文公(gong)在狄(di)(di),狄(di)(di)人以季(ji)隗妻(qi)(qi)文公(gong),以叔隗妻(qi)(qi)赵(zhao)(zhao)襄。后文公(gong)反(fan)国,以赵(zhao)(zhao)姬(ji)(ji)妻(qi)(qi)赵(zhao)(zhao)衰,赵(zhao)(zhao)姬(ji)(ji)请赵(zhao)(zhao)衰逆(ni)叔隗於(wu)狄(di)(di),既逆(ni)还赵(zhao)(zhao)姬(ji)(ji),又请赵(zhao)(zhao)衰将(jiang)叔隗为(wei)内(nei)(nei)子(zi),赵(zhao)(zhao)姬(ji)(ji)之(zhi)身(shen)卑下(xia)(xia)之(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)“而已下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)”。引之(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),证卿妻(qi)(qi)为(wei)内(nei)(nei)子(zi)之(zhi)文也(ye)。其(qi)王后以下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)服,已具於(wu)《玉藻》,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此略而不言。云(yun)“六服皆(jie)袍制(zhi),不禅,以素纱里之(zhi),如今袿(gui)、袍、襈重缯矣”者(zhe)(zhe),皆(jie)袍制(zhi),谓连衣(yi)(yi)裳,有表里似(si)袍。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)“皆(jie)袍制(zhi)不襌(dan)”。汉时有袿(gui)袍,其(qi)袍下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)襈,以重缯为(wei)之(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)六服以素纱为(wei)里,似(si)此袿(gui)袍襈重缯矣。云(yun)“褒衣(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe),始(shi)为(wei)命妇见(jian)加赐(ci)之(zhi)之(zhi)衣(yi)(yi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓内(nei)(nei)子(zi)初始(shi)为(wei)卿妻(qi)(qi),加赐(ci)之(zhi)以衣(yi)(yi),以褒崇之(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)“褒衣(yi)(yi)”。
复(fu),诸侯(hou)以(yi)褒(bao)衣、冕(mian)服、爵弁服。复(fu),招魂复(fu)魄也。冕(mian)服者,上(shang)公五,侯(hou)伯四,子男三。褒(bao)衣,亦(yi)始命(ming)为(wei)诸侯(hou)及(ji)朝觐见加赐之(zhi)衣也。褒(bao),犹进(jin)也。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下,至“复西上”,总明诸侯以下及夫人命妇招魂所用之衣。但此经烂脱,上下颠倒,如郑所次,以此诸侯褒衣一经为首,次以夫人税衣揄狄之经,然后次内子以鞠衣之经。今依郑次,各随文解之。
○“复,诸侯以褒衣”者,谓复时以始命褒赐之衣。
○“冕服爵弁服”者,诸侯既用褒衣,又以冕服爵弁服而复也。
○注“冕服”至“进也”。
○正(zheng)义曰(yue):“冕(mian)服”者(zhe),上(shang)公(gong)自衮(gun)冕(mian)而(er)(er)下,故(gu)为五(wu);侯伯(bo)自鷩冕(mian)而(er)(er)下,故(gu)为四;子(zi)男自毳冕(mian)而(er)(er)下,故(gu)为三(san)也。凡服,各依其命数,则(ze)上(shang)公(gong)五(wu)冕(mian)之外(wai),更加(jia)(jia)(jia)爵弁(bian)(bian)服以(yi)下皮弁(bian)(bian)、冠弁(bian)(bian)之等,而(er)(er)满(man)九;侯伯(bo)冕(mian)服之外(wai),亦加(jia)(jia)(jia)爵弁(bian)(bian)以(yi)下,而(er)(er)满(man)七;子(zi)男冕(mian)服之外(wai),加(jia)(jia)(jia)爵弁(bian)(bian)、皮弁(bian)(bian),而(er)(er)满(man)五(wu)。其褒衣(yi),君特所(suo)褒赐,则(ze)宜在命数之外(wai)也。故(gu)《王制》云:三(san)公(gong)一(yi)命衮(gun),若(ruo)有加(jia)(jia)(jia),则(ze)赐是褒衣(yi),故(gu)不入命数也。此褒衣(yi)或(huo)是冕(mian)之最上(shang)者(zhe)。
夫人税衣揄狄,狄税素沙。言其招魂用税衣上至揄狄也。狄税素沙,言皆以白纱縠为里。
○税,他唤(huan)反,下(xia)(xia)文(wen)放(fang)此(ci)。揄音遥,下(xia)(xia)文(wen)同(tong)。縠,户木反,下(xia)(xia)注同(tong)。
[疏]正义曰:此明妇人复衣也,妇人衣有六也。
○“夫人税衣揄狄”者,诸侯夫人复用税衣上至揄狄,谓诸侯伯夫人也。
○“狄(di)税素沙(sha)”者,言从揄狄(di)以下,至於税衣(yi),皆用(yong)素沙(sha)白(bai)縠为里。
复西上。北面而西上,阳长左也。复者多少,各如其命之数。
○长,丁丈反。
[疏]正义曰:凡招魂皆北面而招,以西头为上。
○注“北面”至“之数”。
○正义曰(yue):云(yun)“北面而西(xi)上,阳长左(zuo)也”者,以招(zhao)魂(hun)冀生气(qi)之来,生气(qi)为阳,又北面言之,南方是阳,左(zuo)在西(xi)方,故(gu)言“阳长左(zuo)”。云(yun)“复(fu)(fu)者多少,各如其(qi)命之数”者,按《士丧礼(li)》:“复(fu)(fu)者一(yi)人(ren),以爵弁(bian)服。”言诸(zhu)侯之士一(yi)命而用一(yi)人(ren)。明复(fu)(fu)者各依命数,其(qi)复(fu)(fu)处不同(tong)。故(gu)《檀弓》云(yun):“君复(fu)(fu)於小寝大寝库门四郊。”而云(yun)“复(fu)(fu)西(xi)上”者,但(dan)有两(liang)人(ren)以上一(yi)处复(fu)(fu)者,则西(xi)上也。
大夫不揄绞,属於池下。谓池饰也。揄,揄翟也。采青黄之间曰绞。属,犹系也。人君之柳,其池系绞缯於下,而画翟雉焉,名曰“振容”,又有铜鱼在其间。大夫去振容,士去鱼。此无“人君”及“士”,亦烂脱。
○绞,户交反(fan),注同(tong)。属音烛,注及下(xia)“条属”并注同(tong)。翟音狄(di)。去,起吕反(fan)。下(xia)同(tong)。
[疏]正义曰:此一经明大夫葬时车饰。若诸侯以上则画揄翟於绞,属於池下。若大夫降下人君,不得画以揄绞,属於池下。其池上,则画於揄,得有揄绞也。故《丧大记》士亦有揄绞,与大夫同,但不得属於池下。
○注“人君”至“烂脱”。
○正义曰:按(an)《丧大记》云(yun):“君三池振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。”是人(ren)君之(zhi)柳有(you)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)者,其池系揄缯於(wu)下,而画翟雉焉,名曰“振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)”。云(yun)“又有(you)铜鱼在(zai)其间”者,上有(you)池,下有(you)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong),池与振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)之(zhi)间而有(you)鱼,故云(yun)“在(zai)其间”。云(yun)“大夫去振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong),士去鱼”者,以《丧大记》大夫不(bu)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong),士不(bu)云(yun)“鱼跃拂池”故也(ye)。大夫不(bu)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)者,谓不(bu)以揄绞属於(wu)池下为振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)容(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)。云(yun)“此无人(ren)君及士,亦(yi)烂脱”者,以前(qian)经云(yun)“复”,尊(zun)卑俱显明也(ye)。此直云(yun)“大夫”,故云(yun)亦(yi)如(ru)前(qian)文,烂脱君与士也(ye)。
大夫附於士。士不附於大夫,附於大夫之昆弟。无昆弟则从其昭穆。虽王父母在,亦然。附读皆为祔。大夫祔於士,不敢以己尊自殊於其祖也。士不祔於大夫,自卑,别於尊者也。大夫之昆弟,谓为士者也,从其昭穆中一以上,祖又祖而已。祔者,祔於先死者。
○附(fu),依注作(zuo)祔,音同,下并同。昭,常遥反,卷内皆同。别(bie),彼列(lie)反。
[疏]正义曰:自此以下,至“附於公子”,广明祔祭之义,各依文解之。
○“大夫附於士”者,谓祖为士,孙为大夫。若死,可以祔祭於祖之为士者也。
○“士不附於大夫”者,谓先祖为大夫,孙为士,不可祔祭於大夫,唯得祔於大夫之兄弟为士者。
○“无昆弟则从其昭穆”者,谓祖为大夫,无昆弟为士,则从其昭穆,谓祔於高祖为士者。若高祖为大夫,则祔於高祖昆弟为士者。
○“虽王父母在,亦然”者,谓孙死之后,应合祔於王父。王父见在,无可祔。然,犹如是也,亦如是祔於高祖也。
○注“附读”至“而已”。
○正义曰:祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe),祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)祭(ji)於(wu)神,当(dang)从示旁为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)(di),谓为(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe),郑恐(kong)经云(yun)(yun)“祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)(di)”,恐(kong)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)昆(kun)弟(di)(di)身作大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),士(shi)(shi)(shi)亦得(de)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi),故云(yun)(yun)“大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)(di)为(wei)士(shi)(shi)(shi)”者(zhe)。若大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)昆(kun)弟(di)(di)全无者(zhe),其孙(sun)虽士(shi)(shi)(shi),亦得(de)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)。故前(qian)文云(yun)(yun)“大(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)士(shi)(shi)(shi)”,是孙(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)尊(zun),可(ke)以(yi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)卑(bei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“从其昭(zhao)穆中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)上(shang),祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)又(you)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)而(er)已(yi)”者(zhe),谓父为(wei)昭(zhao),子为(wei)穆,中(zhong)犹间(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。谓自(zi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)上(shang),间(jian)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)各当(dang)昭(zhao)穆而(er)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)。若不得(de)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),则间(jian)去曾祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)一(yi)(yi)世(shi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),若高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)无可(ke)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),则间(jian)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)父一(yi)(yi)世(shi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)高(gao)(gao)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),故云(yun)(yun)“祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)又(you)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)而(er)已(yi)”。是“中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)”以(yi)上(shang),《丧服小记》文也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
妇(fu)附(fu)(fu)於其夫(fu)之所附(fu)(fu)之妃(fei)(fei)(fei),无(wu)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),则(ze)亦(yi)从其昭穆之妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。妾(qie)附(fu)(fu)於妾(qie)祖(zu)姑,无(wu)妾(qie)祖(zu)姑,则(ze)亦(yi)从其昭穆之妾(qie)。夫(fu)所附(fu)(fu)之妃(fei)(fei)(fei),於妇(fu)则(ze)祖(zu)姑。
[疏]正义曰:此一经论妇之所附,义与夫同。
○“无妃(fei)(fei)(fei),则(ze)亦(yi)从(cong)其(qi)(qi)昭穆之(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)”者,其(qi)(qi)孙妇祔(fu)祖姑,祖无妃(fei)(fei)(fei),谓无祖姑,则(ze)亦(yi)从(cong)其(qi)(qi)昭穆之(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),谓亦(yi)间一以上(shang),祔(fu)於高祖之(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。高祖无妃(fei)(fei)(fei),则(ze)亦(yi)祔(fu)於高祖之(zhi)祖妃(fei)(fei)(fei)。若其(qi)(qi)祖有昆弟之(zhi)妃(fei)(fei)(fei),班爵(jue)同者,则(ze)亦(yi)祔(fu)之(zhi)。
男子附於王父则配,女子附於王母则不配。配,谓并祭。王母不配,则不祭王父也。有事於尊者,可以及卑,有事於卑者,不敢援尊。配与不配,祭馔如一,祝辞异,不言“以某妃配某氏”耳。女子,谓未嫁者也。嫁未三月而死,犹归葬於女氏之党。
○并,必政反(fan)。援音袁。
[疏]正义曰:“男子祔於王父则配”者,谓祭王父,并祭所配王母。
○“女子祔於王母则不配”者,谓在室之女及已嫁未三月而死,祔祭於王母,则不祭所配之王父。
○注“配谓”至“之党”。
○正(zheng)义曰:云(yun)(yun)“配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),谓并祭(ji)王(wang)(wang)母(mu)。不(bu)(bu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),则(ze)不(bu)(bu)祭(ji)王(wang)(wang)父(fu)(fu)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)相(xiang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)之人,祭(ji)王(wang)(wang)父(fu)(fu)及(ji)王(wang)(wang)母(mu)是(shi)其配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),祭(ji)王(wang)(wang)母(mu)不(bu)(bu)祭(ji)王(wang)(wang)父(fu)(fu)是(shi)不(bu)(bu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。云(yun)(yun)“配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)与不(bu)(bu)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),祭(ji)馔如一,祝辞异,不(bu)(bu)言‘以某妃配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)某氏(shi)’耳”者(zhe)(zhe),按《特(te)(te)(te)牲(sheng)礼》不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei),《少(shao)牢礼》云(yun)(yun)“以某妃配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)”。但士用(yong)特(te)(te)(te)牲(sheng),大夫用(yong)少(shao)牢,其馀皆(jie)同,是(shi)祭(ji)馔如一。按《少(shao)牢》云(yun)(yun):“以某妃配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)某氏(shi)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun):“某妃,某妻也(ye)。某氏(shi),若言姜氏(shi)子(zi)(zi)氏(shi)也(ye)。”此是(shi)言配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)也(ye)。不(bu)(bu)言配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)者(zhe)(zhe),若《特(te)(te)(te)牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun):“用(yong)荐岁事於皇(huang)祖(zu)某子(zi)(zi)。”不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)以某妃配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。特(te)(te)(te)牲(sheng)虽(sui)是(shi)常祭(ji),容是(shi)禫月吉(ji)祭(ji),故不(bu)(bu)举配(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)(pei)。云(yun)(yun)“嫁未三月而死,犹(you)归葬於女氏(shi)之党”者(zhe)(zhe),《曾子(zi)(zi)问》文也(ye)。
公子附於公子。不敢(gan)戚君(jun)。
[疏]正(zheng)义曰(yue):“公(gong)子(zi)(zi)”者(zhe),若公(gong)子(zi)(zi)之祖(zu)为君(jun),公(gong)子(zi)(zi)不敢(gan)祔之。祔於祖(zu)之兄弟为公(gong)子(zi)(zi)者(zhe),不敢(gan)戚(qi)君(jun)故也。
君薨,大(da)子(zi)(zi)号称(cheng)(cheng)“子(zi)(zi)”,待犹君也。谓未(wei)逾年也,虽称(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi),与诸侯朝会如君矣。《春秋》鲁僖公九年夏葵丘之会,宋襄公称(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi),而(er)与诸侯序。待,或为侍。
[疏]正义曰:“君薨”,谓先君薨也。
○“大子号称子”者,其本大子,君存称世子。今君既薨,故称子,不言世子。
○“待犹君也”者,谓与诸侯并列,共待之礼,犹如正君。
○注“谓未”至“侯序”。
○正义(yi)曰(yue):知“未(wei)(wei)逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)”者,若(ruo)逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun),此(ci)(ci)云(yun)“称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”,故知“未(wei)(wei)逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)”也(ye)。引《春秋》者,证未(wei)(wei)逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”及“待(dai)犹君(jun)(jun)(jun)”之(zhi)义(yi)。按(an)僖九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)三月(yue),宋(song)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)纬说卒,夏,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)会宰周云(yun)齐侯宋(song)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以下(xia)(xia)于(yu)葵丘(qiu)。是宋(song)襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),序在(zai)(zai)齐侯之(zhi)下(xia)(xia),与寻常宋(song)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同(tong),是与诸侯序。按(an)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊传(chuan)》云(yun):“君(jun)(jun)(jun)存称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),君(jun)(jun)(jun)薨称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)某。既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。”今宋(song)襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)未(wei)(wei)葬(zang)(zang)君(jun)(jun)(jun),当宋(song)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)某而称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者,郑(zheng)用(yong)《左(zuo)氏(shi)》之(zhi)义(yi),未(wei)(wei)葬(zang)(zang)已前(qian)则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)已后逾(yu)年(nian)(nian)则称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。故僖九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)传(chuan)云(yun):“凡在(zai)(zai)丧,王(wang)曰(yue)小童,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)侯曰(yue)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。”是“未(wei)(wei)葬(zang)(zang)”为在(zai)(zai)丧之(zhi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)。若(ruo)杜元(yuan)凯(kai)之(zhi)意,未(wei)(wei)葬(zang)(zang)以前(qian)皆称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。若(ruo)既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)虽未(wei)(wei)逾(yu)年(nian)(nian),亦(yi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong),若(ruo)未(wei)(wei)葬(zang)(zang)虽逾(yu)年(nian)(nian),犹称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),其义(yi)具在(zai)(zai)下(xia)(xia)《曲礼》疏,其与诸侯序列(lie),宋(song)襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)在(zai)(zai)丧称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),自在(zai)(zai)本班;定(ding)四(si)年(nian)(nian)陈怀公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),进在(zai)(zai)郑(zheng)上(shang);僖二十八年(nian)(nian),陈共公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),降在(zai)(zai)郑(zheng)下(xia)(xia);卫侯弟叔武称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi),亦(yi)序在(zai)(zai)郑(zheng)下(xia)(xia):此(ci)(ci)皆春秋之(zhi)时霸者所(suo)次,不(bu)与此(ci)(ci)记同(tong)也(ye)。