爱上海

卷二十(shi)八 丧(sang)服第(di)十(shi)一

　　[疏]《丧服》第十一。
　　○案：郑《目录》云：“天子以下，死而相丧，衣服、年月、亲疏、隆杀之礼。不忍言死而言丧，丧者，弃亡之辞，若全存居於彼焉，已亡之耳。《大戴》第十七，《小戴》第九，刘向《别录》第十一。”
　　○释曰(yue)(yue)：案(an)(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)器》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“经(jing)(jing)(jing)礼(li)(li)三(san)(san)百，曲礼(li)(li)三(san)(san)千(qian)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“经(jing)(jing)(jing)礼(li)(li)谓《周礼(li)(li)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。曲犹事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。事(shi)礼(li)(li)谓今(jin)(jin)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。礼(li)(li)篇今(jin)(jin)亡，本数(shu)(shu)未(wei)闻，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)事(shi)仪三(san)(san)千(qian)。”若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，未(wei)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)、卿大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)篇各别，今(jin)(jin)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)亡，唯士(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，据(ju)(ju)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》一(yi)篇总包(bao)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，故(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)《目录》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)相(xiang)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)衣(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)亲(qin)(qin)疏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)”。丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)，成(cheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》始死(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，今(jin)(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》总包(bao)尊卑上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)专(zhuan)据(ju)(ju)士(shi)，故(gu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《士(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)。《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》所(suo)(suo)陈，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)理(li)深大(da)(da)(da)(da)，今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)释，且以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)黄帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时朴略(lve)尚质(zhi)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)终(zhong)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)变(bian)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)唐(tang)(tang)虞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)，淳朴渐亏(kui)，虽行(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，更(geng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)限。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降(jiang)(jiang)，浇为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)渐起，故(gu)制(zhi)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)哀(ai)情。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)(si)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》，须(xu)(xu)(xu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”二(er)(er)字(zi)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五(wu)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精(jing)粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)序(xu)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六(liu)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，并为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)七(qi)(qi)(qi)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，经(jing)(jing)(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)两(liang)(liang)解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)一(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)黄帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时朴略(lve)尚质(zhi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)终(zhong)身(shen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)变(bian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)运》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：昔(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)先王(wang)(wang)(wang)未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)宫室，食鸟兽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)肉，衣(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)羽皮。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)乃伏羲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：后(hou)圣有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)，治其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)丝麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)布(bu)(bu)(bu)帛，养(yang)生(sheng)送死(si)(si)(si)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)鬼神。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)谓黄帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)《易·系辞》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古(gu)(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葬(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，厚衣(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)薪，葬(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)野(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)封不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)树，丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)无(wu)数(shu)(shu)。”在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《黄帝(di)(di)九事(shi)》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)中(zhong)(zhong)，亦据(ju)(ju)黄帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)，言(yan)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)无(wu)数(shu)(shu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)终(zhong)身(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)二(er)(er)明(ming)(ming)(ming)唐(tang)(tang)虞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日(ri)淳朴渐亏(kui)虽行(xing)(xing)(xing)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)更(geng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)限者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)记·三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)问(wen)(wen)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“将由夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)患邪淫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)？则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)彼朝(chao)死(si)(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)夕忘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曾鸟兽(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)焉(yan)能(neng)相(xiang)与(yu)(yu)群居而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱乎？将由夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)脩饰(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)与(yu)(yu)？则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)月而(er)(er)(er)毕，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)驷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过(guo)隙，然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)遂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)无(wu)穷也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)先王(wang)(wang)(wang)焉(yan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立中(zhong)(zhong)制(zhi)节，壹使足(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)文理(li)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？曰(yue)(yue)：至亲(qin)(qin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)断。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)何(he)(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？曰(yue)(yue)：天(tian)地则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)已易矣(yi)，四(si)(si)(si)时则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)己变(bian)矣(yi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)天(tian)地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)更(geng)始焉(yan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)象之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“法此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)变(bian)易，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“然(ran)(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)？”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)法此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)变(bian)易，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乃三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。”又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)加隆(long)焉(yan)尔也(ye)(ye)(ye)，焉(yan)使倍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)再期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)加隆(long)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)恩，使倍期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)初欲(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)加隆(long)焉(yan)，故(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。必加隆(long)至三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)答(da)宰我(wo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，然(ran)(ran)(ran)后(hou)免(mian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)怀。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，报之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。《问(wen)(wen)》又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)道之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至文者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓至隆(long)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)百王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)同(tong)，古(gu)(gu)今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)壹也(ye)(ye)(ye)，未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)由来(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)从(cong)来(lai)，喻此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，前(qian)世(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久矣(yi)。”既(ji)(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)喻前(qian)世(shi)(shi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)久，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，实(shi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)从(cong)来(lai)，但(dan)(dan)(dan)喻久尔。故(gu)《虞书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八载，帝(di)(di)乃殂落(luo)，百姓如(ru)(ru)(ru)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)考妣三(san)(san)载，四(si)(si)(si)海(hai)遏密八音。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)心(xin)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，未(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)制(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)验也(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)三(san)(san)明(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)已降(jiang)(jiang)，浇伪渐起，故(gu)制(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)哀(ai)情者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《郊特牲》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)古(gu)(gu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，齐(qi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)缁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“唐(tang)(tang)虞已上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)曰(yue)(yue)大(da)(da)(da)(da)古(gu)(gu)。”又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而(er)(er)(er)敝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)重古(gu)(gu)而(er)(er)(er)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。三(san)(san)代改制(zhi)，齐(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)用(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)质(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)唐(tang)(tang)虞已上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，吉(ji)凶同(tong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)(yi)、白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而(er)(er)(er)已。故(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。又(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)三(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)唐(tang)(tang)虞白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。又(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》记云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“凡衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)外(wai)削(xue)幅(fu)(fu)，裳内(nei)(nei)削(xue)幅(fu)(fu)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)古(gu)(gu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)(yi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)，先知(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，外(wai)杀其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幅(fu)(fu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)体也(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)知(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，内(nei)(nei)杀其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)幅(fu)(fu)，稍有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)饰(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)世(shi)(shi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)易之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。”据(ju)(ju)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》记与(yu)(yu)《郊特牲》两(liang)(liang)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)后(hou)世(shi)(shi)圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)，夏、禹也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)用(yong)唐(tang)(tang)虞白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、白(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)布(bu)(bu)(bu)衣(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)矣(yi)．第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)(si)(si)明(ming)(ming)(ming)既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)须(xu)(xu)(xu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)字(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)《目录》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍言(yan)死(si)(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弃(qi)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)全存(cun)於(wu)(wu)(wu)彼焉(yan)，已弃(qi)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。”又(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)《曲礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)崩，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)曰(yue)(yue)卒(zu)，士(shi)曰(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄，庶人(ren)(ren)(ren)曰(yue)(yue)死(si)(si)(si)。”《尔雅》曰(yue)(yue)崩、薨(hong)、卒(zu)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)禄，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)训死(si)(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)士(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。称庶人(ren)(ren)(ren)言(yan)死(si)(si)(si)，得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)总名。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)《曲礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“死(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)澌(si)，精(jing)神澌(si)尽。”又(you)(you)(you)案(an)(an)(an)(an)《檀弓》孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)欲(yu)(yu)速(su)贫。”《春秋(qiu)左氏传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》鲁昭(zhao)公出(chu)(chu)居乾侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，齐(qi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)唁公於(wu)(wu)(wu)野(ye)井(jing)，公曰(yue)(yue)：丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)何(he)(he)(he)称。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)弃(qi)亡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞，弃(qi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，存(cun)於(wu)(wu)(wu)彼。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忍言(yan)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)精(jing)神尽澌(si)，虽弃(qi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，犹存(cun)於(wu)(wu)(wu)彼。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)字(zi)去(qu)声读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)或(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)平声读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，虽不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)同(tong)，义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)亦通也(ye)(ye)(ye)。死(si)(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)既(ji)(ji)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)，生(sheng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)制(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但(dan)(dan)(dan)貌(mao)(mao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)心(xin)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)貌(mao)(mao)，故(gu)《礼(li)(li)记·閒传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)苴(ju)？苴(ju)，恶貌(mao)(mao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苴(ju)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)内(nei)(nei)，见诸(zhu)(zhu)外(wai)。斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)(mao)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)苴(ju)，齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)貌(mao)(mao)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)枲，大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)貌(mao)(mao)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)止(zhi)，小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)、緦(si)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，容(rong)貌(mao)(mao)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)又(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，四(si)(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)亲(qin)(qin)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)衣(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)表(biao)(biao)心(xin)。但(dan)(dan)(dan)吉(ji)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)德(de)(de)，凶服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)哀(ai)。德(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)高(gao)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)降(jiang)(jiang)，哀(ai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)浅深，布(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)精(jing)粗，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)五(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精(jing)粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)叙者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)(an)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，从(cong)斩(zhan)至緦(si)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)异。异者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，斩(zhan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)：为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)父(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)君以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)(san)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)(qi)(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。继母(mu)(mu)、慈(ci)母(mu)(mu)虽是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配父(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)与(yu)(yu)因母(mu)(mu)同(tong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)略(lve)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)节，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)已。杖期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)已，父(fu)(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)母(mu)(mu)，与(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)妻同(tong)正(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)八升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)杖。齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)等：正(zheng)(zheng)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)八升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)三(san)(san)月章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)六(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，曾祖(zu)(zu)父(fu)(fu)(fu)母(mu)(mu)计是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。但(dan)(dan)(dan)正(zheng)(zheng)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)合(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)而(er)(er)(er)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)齐(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，非(fei)(fei)本服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)同(tong)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。殇大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)昆弟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)殇，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。降(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)七(qi)(qi)(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)；义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)九升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：姑(gu)姊妹出(chu)(chu)適(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)，妇(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族类为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)正(zheng)(zheng)。衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)如(ru)(ru)(ru)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)释也(ye)(ye)(ye)。繐衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)唯有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，四(si)(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)(qi)(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)已。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，故(gu)同(tong)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。殇小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)：妇(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族类是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，自馀(yu)(yu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。降(jiang)(jiang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)、冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)、冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)，亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，如(ru)(ru)(ru)前(qian)释。緦(si)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)降(jiang)(jiang)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)正(zheng)(zheng)、有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)如(ru)(ru)(ru)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)陈。但(dan)(dan)(dan)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)同(tong)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，抽去(qu)半而(er)(er)(er)已，自斩(zhan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)至緦(si)麻(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)。升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)少者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)多者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)，要(yao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)叙者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及降(jiang)(jiang)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)同(tong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)，又(you)(you)(you)繐衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)四(si)(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)半，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)功(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)(yu)审(shen)著缕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)粗。”若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》章(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)次，虽以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)(shu)多少为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)前(qian)后(hou)，要(yao)取缕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)粗为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)六(liu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，又(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)作(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)谁人(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)作(zuo)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)卜(bu)商字(zi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《公羊传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公羊高(gao)所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，公羊高(gao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，今(jin)(jin)案(an)(an)(an)(an)《公羊传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)(he)”、“何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”、“曷为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”、“孰谓”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，今(jin)(jin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)》亦云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)(he)(he)”、“何(he)(he)(he)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)”、“孰谓”、“曷为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”等之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)问(wen)(wen)。师徒相(xiang)习，语(yu)势相(xiang)遵(zun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)弟子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)却本前(qian)师，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏所(suo)(suo)作(zuo)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)师师相(xiang)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，盖(gai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)虚(xu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)内(nei)(nei)更(geng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏，引他旧传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)证己义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。《仪礼(li)(li)》见在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)(qi)(qi)篇，馀(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，独为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》作(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但(dan)(dan)(dan)《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》一(yi)篇总包(bao)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，五(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)差降(jiang)(jiang)，六(liu)术精(jing)粗，变(bian)除之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)(shu)既(ji)(ji)繁(fan)，出(chu)(chu)入正(zheng)(zheng)殇交互，恐(kong)读者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)悉解其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)特为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)解。第(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)七(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)玄(xuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)经(jing)(jing)(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)两(liang)(liang)解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)氏者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，北海(hai)郡高(gao)密县人(ren)(ren)(ren)，姓郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)名玄(xuan)字(zi)康成(cheng)，汉(han)(han)仆射，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)崇八世(shi)(shi)孙也(ye)(ye)(ye)。后(hou)汉(han)(han)征为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)司农(nong)而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)就，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)七(qi)(qi)(qi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)卒(zu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)家。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)经(jing)(jing)(jing)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，辨其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)释经(jing)(jing)(jing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释经(jing)(jing)(jing)，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)难明(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)释传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)。又(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)须(xu)(xu)(xu)题(ti)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“玄(xuan)谓”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)上(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)须(xu)(xu)(xu)题(ti)玄(xuan)义(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)知(zhi)。或(huo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，或(huo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，出(chu)(chu)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)述者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)意耳。或(huo)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)解云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：前(qian)汉(han)(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，后(hou)汉(han)(han)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)(ran)(ran)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)弼、王(wang)(wang)(wang)肃(su)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等后(hou)汉(han)(han)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)传(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)说非(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

丧服。斩衰(shuai)裳，苴绖(die)、杖、绞带(dai)，冠绳缨，菅屦者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)：者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)为(wei)(wei)下出也(ye)。凡服，上曰衰(shuai)，下曰裳，麻在首、在要(yao)皆曰绖(die)。绖(die)之(zhi)言实也(ye)，明(ming)孝子有忠实之(zhi)心(xin)，故为(wei)(wei)制此服焉(yan)。首绖(die)象(xiang)(xiang)缁(zi)布(bu)冠之(zhi)缺项，要(yao)绖(die)象(xiang)(xiang)大带(dai)，又(you)有绞带(dai)，象(xiang)(xiang)革带(dai)。齐(qi)衰(shuai)以下用布(bu)。

[疏]“丧服”至“屦者”。
　　○释曰：题此二字於上者，与此一篇为总目。言“斩衰裳”者，谓斩三升布以为衰裳。不言裁割而言“斩”者，取痛甚之意。知者，案《三年问》云：“创钜者，其日久；痛甚者，其愈迟。”《杂记》：“县子云：三年之丧如斩，期之丧如剡。”谓哀有深浅，是斩者痛深之义，故云斩也。若然，斩衰先言斩，下疏衰后言齐者，以斩衰先斩布，后作之，故先言斩；疏衰，先作之，后齐之，故后云齐。斩齐既有先后，是以作文有异也。云“苴绖、杖、绞带”者，以一苴目此三事，谓苴麻为首绖、要绖，又以苴竹为杖，又以苴麻为绞带。知此三物皆同苴者，以其冠绳缨不得用苴，明此三者皆用苴。又《丧服小记》云“苴杖，竹也”，记人解此杖是苴竹也。又绞带与要绖象大带与革带，二者同在要。要绖既苴，明绞带与要绖同用苴可知。又《丧服四制》云“苴衰不补”，则衰裳亦同苴矣。云“冠绳缨”者，以六升布为冠，又屈一条绳为武，垂下为缨。冠在首，退在带下者，以其衰用布三升，冠六升。冠既加饰，故退在带下。又齐衰冠缨用布，则知此绳缨不用苴麻，用枲麻，故退冠在下，更见斩义也。云“菅屦”者，谓以菅草为屦，《诗》：“云白华菅兮，白茅束兮。”郑云：“白华已沤名之为菅，濡刃中用。”则此菅亦是已沤者也。已下诸章并见年月，唯此斩章不言三年者，以其丧之痛极，莫甚於斩，故不言年月，表创钜而已。是以衰设人功之疏，绖又言麻之形体，至於齐衰已下，非直见人功之疏，又见绖去麻之状貌。举齐衰云三年，明上斩衰三年可知。然此一经为次若此者，以先丧而后服，故服在丧下。又先斩，后乃为衰裳，故斩文在衰裳之上。绖、杖、绞带俱蒙於苴，故苴又在前。经中绖有二事，仍以首绖为主，故绖文在上。杖者各齐其心，故在绞带之前。冠缨虽加於首，以其不蒙於苴，故退文在下。屦乃服中之贱，最后为宜，圣人作文伦次然。
　　○注“者者”至“用布”。
　　○释曰(yue)(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)出(chu)(chu)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，周公(gong)设(she)经，上(shang)陈其(qi)服，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)列其(qi)人(ren)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经所(suo)(suo)陈服者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)人(ren)所(suo)(suo)出(chu)(chu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)服下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)出(chu)(chu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)臣子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)君父(fu)等(deng)所(suo)(suo)出(chu)(chu)也。案(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)诸章(zhang)皆(jie)言(yan)“者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，郑止一(yi)解(jie)(jie)，馀皆(jie)不(bu)释，义(yi)(yi)皆(jie)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)服，上(shang)曰(yue)(yue)衰(shuai)(shuai)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)曰(yue)(yue)裳(shang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)“凡(fan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑欲兼解(jie)(jie)五服。案(an)(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)记(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：衰(shuai)(shuai)广四寸，长六(liu)寸。缀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，总号为(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)。非正(zheng)当心(xin)(xin)(xin)而(er)(er)已，故(gu)(gu)(gu)诸言(yan)衰(shuai)(shuai)皆(jie)与(yu)裳(shang)相对。至於(wu)(wu)吊服三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)衰(shuai)(shuai)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“麻在首(shou)(shou)，在要(yao)皆(jie)曰(yue)(yue)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)”，知一(yi)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)而(er)(er)兼二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夏《传》要(yao)、首(shou)(shou)二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)俱(ju)解(jie)(jie)，《礼(li)(li)记(ji)》诸文(wen)亦(yi)首(shou)(shou)、要(yao)并陈，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《士丧(sang)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)小(xiao)焉(yan)”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知一(yi)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)而(er)(er)兼二文(wen)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)实(shi)(shi)也，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)制此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)服焉(yan)”，《檀弓(gong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)也者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)实(shi)(shi)也”，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)制此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)服焉(yan)。案(an)(an)(an)《问丧(sang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)貌若(ruo)苴(ju)，齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)貌若(ruo)枲”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，皆(jie)是心(xin)(xin)(xin)内苴(ju)恶(e)，貌亦(yi)苴(ju)恶(e)，服亦(yi)苴(ju)恶(e)，是服以(yi)(yi)(yi)象(xiang)貌，貌以(yi)(yi)(yi)象(xiang)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，是孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)。若(ruo)服苴(ju)而(er)(er)貌美，心(xin)(xin)(xin)不(bu)苴(ju)恶(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是中外(wai)不(bu)相称，无忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“首(shou)(shou)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)缁(zi)(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缺项”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《士冠礼(li)(li)》：缁(zi)(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠，“青组缨(ying)(ying)(ying)，属(shu)於(wu)(wu)缺”，郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“缺，读如‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)頍(kui)(kui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)弁’之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)頍(kui)(kui)，缁(zi)(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无笄(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，著頍(kui)(kui)围发(fa)际，结(jie)项中隅为(wei)(wei)四缀，以(yi)(yi)(yi)固(gu)冠也。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)(suo)象(xiang)无正(zheng)文(wen)，但丧(sang)服法(fa)吉(ji)服而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，吉(ji)时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，凶时(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)首(shou)(shou)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)頍(kui)(kui)项可知。以(yi)(yi)(yi)彼頍(kui)(kui)项为(wei)(wei)吉(ji)时(shi)，缁(zi)(zi)(zi)布(bu)冠无笄(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)頍(kui)(kui)项以(yi)(yi)(yi)固(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今(jin)(jin)丧(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)与(yu)冠绳(sheng)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)，别(bie)(bie)材(cai)而(er)(er)不(bu)相缀，今(jin)(jin)言(yan)象(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，直取绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)法(fa)象(xiang)頍(kui)(kui)项而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至於(wu)(wu)丧(sang)冠，亦(yi)无笄(ji)，直用(yong)(yong)(yong)六(liu)升布(bu)为(wei)(wei)冠，一(yi)条绳(sheng)为(wei)(wei)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)，与(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)全异(yi)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)象(xiang)大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《玉(yu)藻》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，大(da)(da)(da)夫以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)素(su)，天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)朱里，终裨以(yi)(yi)(yi)玄黄，士则练带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，裨下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)末三赤(chi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)缁(zi)(zi)(zi)，是大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制。今(jin)(jin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)传名(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)象(xiang)吉(ji)时(shi)大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“又有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，象(xiang)革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《玉(yu)藻》韠(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形制，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“肩革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)博二寸”，吉(ji)备(bei)二带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，大(da)(da)(da)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)申(shen)束衣，革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)佩(pei)玉(yu)佩(pei)及事佩(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)。今(jin)(jin)於(wu)(wu)要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，别(bie)(bie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)象(xiang)革(ge)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)可知。案(an)(an)(an)《士丧(sang)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“苴(ju)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)大(da)(da)(da)鬲(li)，要(yao)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)小(xiao)焉(yan)。”又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“妇(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)牡麻，结(jie)本。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“妇(fu)人(ren)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)首(shou)(shou)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)，但言(yan)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，记(ji)其(qi)异(yi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)妇(fu)人(ren)，斩(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)妇(fu)人(ren)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)苴(ju)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)言(yan)，则妇(fu)人(ren)吉(ji)时(shi)，虽云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)女鞶丝，以(yi)(yi)(yi)丝为(wei)(wei)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，而(er)(er)无頍(kui)(kui)项。今(jin)(jin)於(wu)(wu)丧(sang)礼(li)(li)哀(ai)痛甚，亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)二绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)与(yu)绞带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)备(bei)丧(sang)礼(li)(li)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)具陈於(wu)(wu)上(shang)，男女俱(ju)言(yan)於(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)男女共有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)服也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)用(yong)(yong)(yong)布(bu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即(ji)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)《齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)(shuai)章(zhang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“削杖布(bu)带(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)(dai)”是也。若(ruo)然，案(an)(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经，凶服皆(jie)依旧名(ming)(ming)，唯衰(shuai)(shuai)与(yu)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)特(te)制别(bie)(bie)名(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)记(ji)·檀弓(gong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)兴物者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“衰(shuai)(shuai)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)绖(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)(die)表孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)忠实(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)(xin)(xin)，衰(shuai)(shuai)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)哀(ai)摧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)制此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)而(er)(er)异(yi)名(ming)(ming)，见其(qi)哀(ai)痛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚故(gu)(gu)(gu)也。

传曰：斩者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？不(bu)(bu)缉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。苴(ju)绖(die)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，麻(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有蕡者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。苴(ju)绖(die)大(da)搹(e)，左(zuo)本(ben)在下(xia)，去(qu)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)带(dai)(dai)。齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖(die)，斩衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去(qu)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)带(dai)(dai)。大(da)功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖(die)，齐(qi)(qi)衰(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去(qu)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)带(dai)(dai)。小功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖(die)，大(da)功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去(qu)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)带(dai)(dai)。緦麻(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绖(die)，小功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)带(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，去(qu)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)以(yi)为(wei)带(dai)(dai)。苴(ju)杖(zhang)(zhang)，竹也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。削杖(zhang)(zhang)，桐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。杖(zhang)(zhang)各(ge)齐(qi)(qi)其(qi)(qi)心(xin)，皆下(xia)本(ben)。杖(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无(wu)爵(jue)而(er)杖(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？担(dan)主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非主(zhu)而(er)杖(zhang)(zhang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？辅病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。童子(zi)何(he)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)杖(zhang)(zhang)？不(bu)(bu)能病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。妇人(ren)(ren)何(he)以(yi)不(bu)(bu)杖(zhang)(zhang)？亦不(bu)(bu)能病(bing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。绞带(dai)(dai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，绳带(dai)(dai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)绳缨(ying)，条属，右(you)缝，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)六升(sheng)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)毕，锻而(er)勿(wu)灰(hui)。衰(shuai)三(san)升(sheng)，菅屦者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，菅菲也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)纳。居倚(yi)庐，寝(qin)(qin)苫(shan)枕块，哭(ku)(ku)昼夜无(wu)时。歠粥，朝一(yi)(yi)溢(yi)米，夕(xi)一(yi)(yi)溢(yi)米。寝(qin)(qin)不(bu)(bu)说绖(die)带(dai)(dai)。既(ji)虞，翦屏柱(zhu)楣(mei)，寝(qin)(qin)有席，食(shi)疏食(shi)，水饮(yin)，朝一(yi)(yi)哭(ku)(ku)、夕(xi)一(yi)(yi)哭(ku)(ku)而(er)已。既(ji)练，舍外(wai)(wai)(wai)寝(qin)(qin)，始食(shi)菜(cai)果(guo)，饭素食(shi)，哭(ku)(ku)无(wu)时。盈手曰搹(e)。搹(e)，扼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。中人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)扼围(wei)九寸(cun)，以(yi)五分(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)为(wei)杀者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，象五服(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。爵(jue)，谓天子(zi)诸侯卿大(da)夫士也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无(wu)爵(jue)，谓庶人(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。担(dan)犹(you)假(jia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无(wu)爵(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)假(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)杖(zhang)(zhang)，尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)为(wei)主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。非主(zhu)，谓众(zhong)子(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。属犹(you)著也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。通(tong)屈一(yi)(yi)条绳为(wei)武，垂下(xia)为(wei)缨(ying)，著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。布八十缕为(wei)升(sheng)，升(sheng)字当为(wei)登。登，成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼》皆以(yi)登为(wei)升(sheng)，俗误已行久(jiu)矣。《杂记》曰：“丧(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)条属，以(yi)别吉凶(xiong)。三(san)年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)练冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，亦条属，右(you)缝，小功以(yi)下(xia)左(zuo)缝。”外(wai)(wai)(wai)毕者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)前后(hou)屈而(er)出，缝於(wu)武也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二十两曰溢(yi)，为(wei)米一(yi)(yi)升(sheng)二十四分(fen)(fen)升(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。楣(mei)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁，柱(zhu)楣(mei)所谓梁闇(an)。疏犹(you)粗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舍外(wai)(wai)(wai)寝(qin)(qin)，於(wu)中门(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，屋下(xia)垒墼为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)涂塈，所谓垩(e)室也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。素犹(you)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓复(fu)平生时食(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。斩衰(shuai)不(bu)(bu)书受月者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天子(zi)诸侯卿大(da)夫士，虞卒哭(ku)(ku)异数。

[疏]“传曰”至“无时”。
　　○释曰：云“斩者何”，问辞，以执所不知，故云者何。云“不缉也”者，答辞，此对下疏衰裳齐，齐是缉，此则不缉也。云“苴绖者，麻之有蕡者也”，案《尔雅·释草》云“蕡，枲实”，孙氏注云：“蕡，麻子也。”以色言之谓之苴，以实言之谓之蕡。下言牡者，对蕡为名；言枲者，对苴生称也，是以云“斩衰貌若苴，齐衰貌若枲”也。若然，枲是雄麻，蕡是子麻，《尔雅》云“蕡，枲实”者，举类而言，若圆曰箪，方曰笥。郑注《论语》云：“箪、笥，亦举其类也。”下传云：“牡麻者，枲麻也。”不连言绖，此苴连言绖者，欲见苴绖别於苴杖。故下传别云苴杖，后传牡麻不连言绖，此苴连言绖者，彼无他物之嫌，独有绖，故不须连言绖也。云“苴绖大搹，左本在下”者，《士丧礼》文与此同，彼此皆云“苴绖大搹”，连言苴者，但经连言苴绖，绖中有此二，言绖大搹，先据首绖而言也。雷氏以搹，搤不言寸数，则各从其人大小为搤，非郑义。据郑注：无问人之大小，皆以九寸围之为正。若中人之迹，尺二寸也。云左本在下者，本谓麻根，案《士丧礼》郑注云：“下本在左，重服统於内，而本阳也。”以其父是阳，左亦阳，言下是内，故云重服统於内，以言痛从心内发故也。此对为母右本在上，轻服统於外，而本阴也。云“去五分一以为带”者，以其首绖围九寸，取五寸，去一寸，得四寸；馀四寸，寸为五分，总二十分，去四分，馀十六分，取十五分，五分为寸，为三寸；添前四寸，为七寸，并一分，总七寸五分寸之一也。云“齐衰之绖，斩衰之带也”者，以其大小同，故叠而同之也。云“去五分一以为带”者，谓七寸五分寸之一也，中五分去一，为齐衰之带，今计之以七寸中取五寸，去一寸，得四寸；馀二寸，寸分为二十五分，二寸合为五十分，馀一分者，又破为五分；添前为五十五分，亦五分去一，总去一十一分，馀四十四分在；又二十五分为一寸，馀十九分在，齐衰之带，总五寸二十五分寸之十九也。云“大功之绖，齐衰之带也，去五分一以为带”者，就五寸中去一寸，得四寸；前二十五分破寸，今大功百二十五分破寸，则以十九分者各分破为五分，十九分总破为九十五，与百二十五分破寸相当，就九十五分中五分去一，去十九馀七十六，则大功之绖五寸二十五分寸之十九，带则四寸百二十五分寸之七十六。又云“小功之绖，大功之带也，去五分一以为带”者，又就四寸百二十五分寸之七十六中，五分去一，前百二十五分破寸，今亦四倍加之，以六百二十五分破寸，然后五分去一，为小功带。又云“緦麻之绖，小功之带，去五分一以为带”，则亦四倍加之，前六百二十五分破寸，今则三千一百二十五分破寸，五分去一取四，以为緦麻之带。绖带之等皆以五分破寸，既有成法，何假尽言。然斩衰有二，齐衰有四，大功、小功成人与殇各有二等，緦麻殇与成人章又不别，若使绖带各依升数，则参差难等。是以子夏作传，五服各为一节计之。似《周礼·掌客》云群介行人宰史，各以爵等为牢礼之数。郑云：“以命数则参差难等，略於臣，用爵而已。”此绖亦然也。《士丧礼》云：“苴绖大鬲，下本在左，要绖小焉。”郑注云：“绖带之差，自此出焉。”谓子夏言绖带之差，出於《士丧》之绖，故郑指而言之也。但斩衰之绖围九寸者，首是阳，故欲取阳数极於九，自齐衰以下，自取降杀之义，无所法象也。云“苴杖，竹也。削杖，桐也”者，《传》意见经唯云苴杖，不出杖体所用，故言苴杖者竹也。下章直云削竹，亦不辨木名，故因释之云：“削竹者，桐也。”若然，经言苴杖，因释削杖，唯上下二章不通於下，是以兼释之。至於绖带，五服自明，故不兼释。然为父所以杖竹者，父者子之天，竹圆亦象天，竹又外内有节，象子为父，亦有外内之痛。又竹能贯四时而不变，子之为父哀痛亦经寒温而不改，故用竹也。为母杖桐者，欲取桐之言同，内心同之於父，外无节，象家无二尊，屈於父。为之齐衰，经时而有变。又案变除削之使方者，取母象於地故也。此虽不言杖之粗细，案《丧服小记》云：“绖杀五分而去一，杖大如绖。”郑注云：“如要绖也。”郑知如要绖者，以其先云绖五分为杀，为要绖，其下即云杖大如绖，明如要绖也。如要绖者，以杖从心已下，与要绖同处，故如要绖也。云“杖各齐其心”者，杖所以扶病，病从心起，故杖之高下以心为断也。云“皆下本”者，本，根也，案《士丧礼》“下本”，注云顺其性也。云“杖者何爵也”者，自此已下，有五问五答，皆为杖起文。云“者何”者，亦是执所不知，以其吉时，五十已后乃杖，所以扶老。今为父母之丧，有杖有不杖，不知，故执而问之。云“爵”，以爵答之，以其有爵之人必有德，有德则能为父母致病深，故许其以杖扶病。云“无爵而杖者何”，问辞也，庶人无爵，亦得杖。云“檐主也”者，答辞也，以其虽无爵无德，然以適子，故假取有爵之杖为之，丧主拜宾、送宾，成丧主之义也。云“非主而杖者何”，问辞也；“辅病也”，答辞也。郑云谓众子虽非为主，子为父母致病是同，亦为辅病也。云“童子何以不杖”者，案此子夏之问辞，有不同，或云“者何”，或云“何以”，或云“何如”，或云“孰后”，或云“孰谓”，或云“何大夫”，或云“曷为”，有此七者。答有义意，凡言者何，皆谓执所不知，故隐元年《公羊传》云：“元年者何？”何休云：“诸据疑问所不知，故曰者何。”即此问“杖者何”是也。称何以者，皆据彼决此，即下云：父为长子，“何以三年”，据期章为众子期，適庶皆子，长子独三年，是据彼决此也。此即《公羊传》云“何以不言即位”，何休云：“据文公言即位。”隐不称即位是也。云何如者，问比类之辞，即下传云“何为而可为人后”者，“同宗则可为人后”，是其问比类也。云孰后者，不问比类，依《不杖章》，子夏传云：孰后？后大宗。礼有大宗、小宗，故问谁为后。云孰谓者，亦是问比类，但旧君有二等，一是待放之臣，二是致仕之臣，俱为旧君。是以《齐衰三月章》云“旧君”，传曰：“为旧君者，孰谓也，仕焉而已者也。”由其有二等，故问比类也。即《公羊传》云“王者孰谓？谓文王”是也。云何大夫者，亦是据彼决此，即《齐衰三月章》云“大夫为旧君”，《传》曰：“何大夫之谓乎？言其以道去君，而犹未绝也。”由其大夫有致仕者，有待放者，不同，故举何大夫之问也。言曷为者，亦是据彼决此，故《不杖章》云：“大夫曷为不降，命妇也。”云谓据大夫於姑姊妹出嫁，宜降不降，故举曷为之问也。今云童子何以不杖，问辞也，不能病也，答辞也。此庶童子，非直不杖，以其未冠首加免而已。故《问丧》云：“免者以何为也？曰：不冠者之所服也。”言何以者，据当室童子及成人皆杖，唯此庶童子不杖，故云何以决之也。知当室童子杖者，案《问丧》云：“《礼》曰：童子不緦，唯当室緦。緦者，其免也。当室则免而杖矣。”谓適子也。案《杂记》云：“童子哭不偯，不踊，不杖，不菲，不庐。”注云：“未成人者，不能备礼也。”此独云不杖，馀不言者，此上下皆释杖，故言杖，不云馀者。其实皆无，直有衰裳绖带而已。又云“妇人何以不杖？亦不能病也”者，此亦谓童子妇人，若成人妇人正杖，知者，此《丧服》上陈其服，下陈其人。丧服之下，男子妇人俱列，男子妇人同有苴杖。又《丧大记》云：“三日，子、夫人杖；五日，大夫世妇杖。”诸经皆有妇人杖文，故知成人妇人正杖也。明此童子妇人，案《丧服小记》云：“女子子在室为父母，其主丧者不杖，则子一人杖。”郑注云：“女子子在室，亦童子也。无男昆弟，使同姓为摄主不杖，则子一人杖，谓长女也。许嫁及二十而笄，笄为成人，成人正杖也。”是其童女为丧主，则亦杖矣。若然，童子得称妇人者，案《小功章》云：“为侄、庶孙丈夫、妇人之长殇。”是未成人称妇人也。雷氏以为此《丧服》妻为夫、妾为君、女子子在室为父、女子子嫁及在父之室为父三年，如传所云妇人者皆不杖，《丧服小记》妇人不为主而杖者，唯著此一条，明其馀不为主者皆不杖。此说非，何者？此四等妇人皆在杖科之内，何得不杖？又《礼记》记文说妇人杖者甚众，何言无杖也。云“绞带者，绳带也”者，以绞麻为绳作带，故云绞带也。王肃以为绞带如要绖，马、郑不言，当依王义。雷氏以为绞带在要绖之下言之，则要绖五分去一为带。但首绖象頍项之布，又在首，要绖象大带，用缯，又在要，故须五分去一以为带。今绞带象革带，与要绖同在要，一则无上下之差，二则无粗细可象，而云去要绖五分一为绞带，失其义也。但绖带至虞后，变麻服葛。绞带虞后虽不言所变，案公士、众臣为君服布带，又齐衰已下亦布带，则绞带虞后变麻服布，於义可也。云“冠绳缨，条属”者，丧用绳，为缨属，著也，著之冠，垂之为缨也。云“外毕”者，前后两毕之未而向外摄之也。云“锻而勿灰”者，以冠为首饰，布倍衰裳而用六升，又加以水濯，勿用灰而已。冠六升勿灰，则七升巳上故灰矣。故《大功章》郑注云：“大功布者，其锻治之功粗沽之。”则七升已上皆用灰也。云“衰三升”者，不言裳，裳与衰同，故举衰以见裳。为君义服衰三升半，不言者，以缕如三升半，成布三升，故直言三升，举正以包义也。云“菅屦者，菅菲也，外纳。居倚庐”者，周公时谓之屦，子夏时谓之菲。案《士丧礼》“屦外纳”，郑注云：“纳，收馀也。”王谓正向外编之，居倚庐，孝子所居，居在门外东壁，倚木为庐，故《既夕》记云“居倚庐”，郑注云：“倚木为庐，在中门外东方，北户。”又《丧大记》云：“凡非適子者，自未葬，以於隐者为庐。”注云：“不欲人属目，盖庐於东南角。”若然適子则庐於其北显处为之，以其適子当应接吊宾，故不於隐者。若然，此下有臣为君，则亦居庐。案《周礼·宫正》云大丧，“授庐舍，辨其亲疏贵贱之居”，注云：“亲者、贵者居倚庐，疏者、贱者居垩室。”又《杂记》朝廷卿大夫士居庐，都邑之士居垩室，见诸侯之臣为其君之礼。案《丧大记》云：“妇人不居庐。”若然，此经云居倚庐，专据男子生文。云“寝苫枕块”，《既夕》文与此同，彼注云：“苫，编藁。块，堛也。”彼又云“不说绖带”，郑注云：“哀戚不在於安。”若然，在中门外者，哀亲之在外；寝苫者，哀亲之在草故也。此之衰三升枕块，据大夫已上。若士，则大夫適子为士者得行大夫礼。若正士则枕草，衰则缕三升半，成布三升，《杂记》所云“齐晏平仲为其父粗衰斩枕草”是也，但平仲谦为父服士服耳。云“哭昼夜无时”者，哭有三无时：始死未殡已前，哭不绝声，一无时；既殡已后，卒哭祭已前，阼阶之下为朝夕哭，在庐中思忆则哭，二无时；既练之后，无朝夕哭，唯有庐中或十日，或五日，思忆则哭，三无时也。卒哭之后，未练之前，唯有朝夕哭，是一有时也。云“歠粥，朝一溢米，夕一溢米”者，孝子遭父母之丧，当为父母致病，故《丧大记》云“水浆不入口”，三日之后乃始食。必三日许食者，圣人制法，不以死伤生，恐至灭性，故礼许之食。虽食犹节之，使朝夕各一溢米而已也。曾子有母之丧，水浆不入於口七日者，失礼之法，故子思非之，云“先王制礼，过之者俯而就之，不至者跂而及之，故君子执亲之丧，水浆不入於口者三日，杖而后能起”，是礼之常法也。云“寝不说绖带”者，案《杂记》：“孔子云，少连、大连善居丧，三月不解。”郑注云：“不解倦也。”又案《既夕》文与此同，郑注云：“哀戚不在於安。”绖带在衰裳之上，而云不说，则衰裳在内，不说可知。此据未葬前，故文在虞上，既虞后，寝有席，衰绖说可知也。云“既虞，翦屏柱楣”者，案《王制》云天子七月而葬，诸侯五月而葬，大夫士三月而葬。又案《士虞礼》既葬，反，日中而虞，郑注《士丧》“三虞”云：“虞，安也。”葬时送形而往，迎魂而反，反哭之时，入庙中，上堂不见，入室又不见，乃至適寝之中，旧殡之处，为虞祭，以安之。《礼记·檀弓》云“葬日虞，不忍一日离也。是日也，以虞易奠”是也。依《公羊传》云：天子九虞，诸侯七虞，大夫五虞，士三虞。今传言既虞，谓九虞、七虞、五虞、三虞之后，乃改旧庐，西乡开户，翦去户傍两厢屏之馀草。柱楯者，前梁谓之楣，楣下两头竖柱，施梁乃夹户傍之屏也。云“寝有席”者，案《间传》云“既虞，卒哭，柱楣翦屏，芐翦不纳”，郑云：“芐，今之蒲苹。”即此寝有席，谓蒲粗加於苫上也。云“食疏食，水饮”者，未虞以前，朝一溢米，夕一溢米而为粥。今既虞之后，用粗疏米为饭而食之，明不止朝一溢夕一溢而已，当以足为度。云饮水者，未虞以前，渴亦饮水，而在既虞后，与疏食同。言水饮者，恐虞后饮浆酪之等，故云饮水而已也。云“朝一哭夕一哭而已”者，此当《士虞礼》卒哭之后。彼云卒哭者，谓卒去庐中无时之哭，唯有朝夕於阼阶下有时之哭。《丧服》之中，三无时哭外，唯此卒哭之后，未练之前一节之閒是有时之哭，故云而已，言其不足之意。云“既练，舍外寝”者，谓十三月服七升冠，男子除首绖而带独存，妇人除於带而绖独存。又练布为冠，著绳，屦止舍外寝之中，不复居庐也。云“始食菜果，饭疏食”者，案《丧大记》“祥而食肉”，《閒传》云“大祥有醯酱，中月而禫，而饮醴酒，始饮酒者，先饮醴酒，始食肉者，先食乾肉”，《曲礼》云父母之丧，“有疾饮酒食肉，疾止复初”，皆为不以死伤生也。云“哭无时”者，此三无时哭中，谓练后垩室之中，或十日，或五日，思忆则哭。《大记》云“祥而外无哭者，禫而内无哭者”，皆在哭无时之限也。
　　○注“盈手”至“异数”。
　　○释曰(yue)(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)一(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)杀者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，象五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数至(zhi)多，若(ruo)绖带(dai)象升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)数，降杀参差难(nan)等。若(ruo)五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)节，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)降杀易明(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)象五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“爵(jue)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)卿大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)士(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《白(bai)虎通(tong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“天(tian)子(zi)爵(jue)号。”又夏殷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)无(wu)爵(jue)，周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，爵(jue)及(ji)命士(shi)通(tong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)自(zi)(zi)然皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是天(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)曰(yue)(yue)爵(jue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“属(shu)犹(you)著(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。通(tong)屈(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)，垂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)，著(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“丧(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)凶(xiong)。”若(ruo)然，吉(ji)(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)、武(wu)(wu)别(bie)材，凶(xiong)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)、武(wu)(wu)同材，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)通(tong)屈(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)将一(yi)(yi)(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)绳(sheng)(sheng)从(cong)(cong)(cong)额上(shang)(shang)约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，至(zhi)项后交(jiao)过(guo)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)相各至(zhi)耳，於(wu)武(wu)(wu)缀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，各垂於(wu)颐(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)结之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“著(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，武(wu)(wu)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)上(shang)(shang)属(shu)著(zhu)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)毕(bi)(bi)是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“布八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)缕为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)无(wu)正文(wen)(wen)(wen)，师(shi)师(shi)相传言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)缕谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗(zong)，宗(zong)即(ji)(ji)(ji)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)登(deng)(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，俗误已(yi)(yi)行久矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)郑注《仪礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，古(gu)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》并(bing)观，叠(die)古(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)从(cong)(cong)(cong)经(jing)(jing)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)，若(ruo)叠(die)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)从(cong)(cong)(cong)经(jing)(jing)古(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)此(ci)注而(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)登(deng)(deng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，与诸(zhu)注不(bu)(bu)同，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)古(gu)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)作升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)字(zi)，俗误已(yi)(yi)行久矣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然，《论语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“新穀(gu)既(ji)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)亦(yi)训(xun)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)从(cong)(cong)(cong)登(deng)(deng)不(bu)(bu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡织(zhi)纴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)缕缕相登(deng)(deng)，上(shang)(shang)乃成(cheng)(cheng)缯布，登(deng)(deng)义强於(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)从(cong)(cong)(cong)登(deng)(deng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《杂记(ji)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)是丧(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，若(ruo)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)、武(wu)(wu)异(yi)材。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“三年之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)练(lian)(lian)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，亦(yi)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲见条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)至(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)，除(chu)衰(shuai)杖，大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)除(chu)丧(sang)(sang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)际，朝(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)缟冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，当(dang)缨(ying)(ying)(ying)、武(wu)(wu)异(yi)材，从(cong)(cong)(cong)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)法(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“右缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，小(xiao)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)左(zuo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)戴礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)已(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)唯(wei)唯(wei)，小(xiao)功(gong)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)额额。”然孝子(zi)朝(chao)夕(xi)哭(ku)(ku)在(zai)(zai)(zai)阼(zuo)阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，西面吊，宾(bin)(bin)从(cong)(cong)(cong)外(wai)(wai)(wai)入(ru)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，北(bei)面见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，哀重其(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)，三辟积，乡(xiang)(xiang)右为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)阴(yin)，阴(yin)，唯(wei)唯(wei)然顺(shun)。小(xiao)功(gong)緦麻，哀轻，其(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)亦(yi)三辟积，乡(xiang)(xiang)左(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，从(cong)(cong)(cong)阳，吊宾(bin)(bin)入(ru)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，北(bei)乡(xiang)(xiang)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，额额然逆。乡(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)条(tiao)(tiao)(tiao)属(shu)，但(dan)从(cong)(cong)(cong)吉(ji)(ji)(ji)从(cong)(cong)(cong)凶(xiong)不(bu)(bu)同也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“外(wai)(wai)(wai)毕(bi)(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)前(qian)(qian)后屈(qu)(qu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)出，缝(feng)(feng)(feng)於(wu)武(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，冠(guan)(guan)(guan)广二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸，落顶，前(qian)(qian)后两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，乡(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)出，反屈(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，缝(feng)(feng)(feng)於(wu)武(wu)(wu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，毕(bi)(bi)乡(xiang)(xiang)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)外(wai)(wai)(wai)毕(bi)(bi)。案(an)(an)《曲礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“厌(yan)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)不(bu)(bu)入(ru)公(gong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)”，郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“厌(yan)犹(you)伏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。丧(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)厌(yan)伏。”是五(wu)(wu)服(fu)(fu)(fu)同名。由在(zai)(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，出反屈(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厌(yan)伏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。《檀弓》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)缩缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)衡缝(feng)(feng)(feng)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)丧(sang)(sang)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反吉(ji)(ji)(ji)，非古(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是吉(ji)(ji)(ji)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)辟积无(wu)杀，横(heng)缝(feng)(feng)(feng)，亦(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)头皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)，乡(xiang)(xiang)内，反屈(qu)(qu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)缝(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厌(yan)伏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)曰(yue)(yue)溢(yi)(yi)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)米(mi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，依筭法(fa)，百(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)曰(yue)(yue)石(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)斛。若(ruo)然，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)斗，取(qu)(qu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)；馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)，斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)取(qu)(qu)三十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)三两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)斤(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)。馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，取(qu)(qu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，馀(yu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)(lei)，八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)(lei)，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)。添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是一(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)。於(wu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，仍少十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)(lei)。则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)别(bie)取(qu)(qu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)破为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，又分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，并(bing)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)，添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)百(bai)(bai)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)，总为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)。直取(qu)(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，馀(yu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，又取(qu)(qu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)百(bai)(bai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，有(you)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)。四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)(lei)，总为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)(lei)，通(tong)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)(lei)，是一(yi)(yi)(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)，分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，将二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)累(lei)(lei)添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)累(lei)(lei)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)累(lei)(lei)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)参为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)一(yi)(yi)(yi)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)添(tian)(tian)前(qian)(qian)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)铢(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)添(tian)(tian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，外(wai)(wai)(wai)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)曰(yue)(yue)溢(yi)(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“楣(mei)(mei)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)梁(liang)闇(an)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)《书传》文(wen)(wen)(wen)。案(an)(an)《丧(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)制》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“高宗(zong)谅闇(an)三年”，郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“谅，古(gu)作梁(liang)，楣(mei)(mei)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)。闇(an)，读如鹑鹌(an)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鹌(an)，闇(an)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)有(you)梁(liang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)柱楣(mei)(mei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”即(ji)(ji)(ji)此(ci)柱楣(mei)(mei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“舍外(wai)(wai)(wai)寝，於(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)垒墼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)涂(tu)(tu)塈(ji)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)至(zhi)练(lian)(lian)后不(bu)(bu)居旧庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，还(hai)於(wu)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)处为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)(wu)。但(dan)天(tian)子(zi)五(wu)(wu)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)三门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)士(shi)唯(wei)有(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、内门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)。无(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)而(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《士(shi)丧(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》及(ji)《既(ji)夕(xi)》，外(wai)(wai)(wai)位(wei)唯(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)寝门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，其(qi)东壁有(you)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)，垩(e)(e)室(shi)。若(ruo)然，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，据(ju)内外(wai)(wai)(wai)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)哭(ku)(ku)位(wei)，其(qi)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)在(zai)(zai)(zai)外(wai)(wai)(wai)，内位(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)，非谓(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)外(wai)(wai)(wai)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)、内门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)门(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)(men)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)垒墼为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，东壁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)，旧本(ben)无(wu)屋(wu)(wu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)屋(wu)(wu)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屋(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。对庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)偏加东壁，非两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庐(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)涂(tu)(tu)塈(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)翦(jian)屏而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，不(bu)(bu)泥涂(tu)(tu)塈(ji)饰(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《閒传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)父母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)，既(ji)虞(yu)，翦(jian)屏，期而(er)(er)(er)(er)小(xiao)祥(xiang)，居垩(e)(e)室(shi)。彼(bi)练(lian)(lian)后居垩(e)(e)室(shi)，即(ji)(ji)(ji)此(ci)外(wai)(wai)(wai)寝，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)垩(e)(e)室(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)(wei)(wei)复平生(sheng)(sheng)时(shi)(shi)食也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)食为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)饲读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，知者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)子(zi)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，平常之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)食皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)牲牢、鱼腊。练(lian)(lian)后始(shi)食菜(cai)果，未得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)食肉饮酒，何得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平常时(shi)(shi)食，明(ming)专据(ju)米(mi)饭而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)初据(ju)一(yi)(yi)(yi)溢(yi)(yi)米(mi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，既(ji)虞(yu)，饭疏食，食亦(yi)米(mi)饭也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)既(ji)练(lian)(lian)后，复平生(sheng)(sheng)时(shi)(shi)食，食亦(yi)据(ju)米(mi)饭而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)名饭为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)食，与《公(gong)食大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)同音也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“斩衰(shuai)不(bu)(bu)书受(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，凡丧(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)表哀，哀有(you)盛时(shi)(shi)、杀时(shi)(shi)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)乃随哀以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降杀。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)初服(fu)(fu)(fu)粗，至(zhi)葬后练(lian)(lian)，后大(da)(da)(da)(da)祥(xiang)，后渐(jian)细加饰(shi)，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)，斩衰(shuai)裳三升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，既(ji)葬后，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)，衰(shuai)裳六(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，小(xiao)祥(xiang)又以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)受(shou)(shou)(shou)，衰(shuai)裳七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)冠(guan)(guan)(guan)八(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)升(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。自(zi)(zi)馀(yu)齐衰(shuai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，差降可(ke)知。然葬后有(you)受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，有(you)不(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，案(an)(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)《齐衰(shuai)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)章(zhang)》及(ji)《殇大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)章(zhang)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)无(wu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)，《正大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)章(zhang)》即(ji)(ji)(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)受(shou)(shou)(shou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)功(gong)衰(shuai)即(ji)(ji)(ji)葛九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)此(ci)《斩衰(shuai)章(zhang)》及(ji)《齐衰(shuai)章(zhang)》应言(yan)(yan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑君(jun)特解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)(an)《杂记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：天(tian)子(zi)七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)葬，九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)；诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)葬，七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)；大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)葬，五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)；士(shi)三月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)葬，是月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)。是天(tian)子(zi)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，虞(yu)、卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)异(yi)数，尊卑(bei)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)葬讫反日中(zhong)(zhong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)虞(yu)。天(tian)子(zi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)虞(yu)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)七(qi)虞(yu)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)五(wu)(wu)虞(yu)，虞(yu)讫即(ji)(ji)(ji)受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。士(shi)三虞(yu)，待卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)乃受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)。必然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)已(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)，卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)在(zai)(zai)(zai)后月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，虞(yu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)前(qian)(qian)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，日已(yi)(yi)多，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)虞(yu)即(ji)(ji)(ji)受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)，不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)至(zhi)卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)。士(shi)葬月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)与虞(yu)同月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)待卒(zu)(zu)(zu)哭(ku)(ku)后也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)受(shou)(shou)(shou)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《丧(sang)(sang)服(fu)(fu)(fu)》总包天(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，若(ruo)言(yan)(yan)七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)据(ju)天(tian)子(zi)，若(ruo)言(yan)(yan)五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)据(ju)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)该上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)周公(gong)设经(jing)(jing)，没去受(shou)(shou)(shou)服(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)，欲见上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)俱含(han)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

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