爱上海

卷三 隐(yin)三年，尽五年

　　【经】三年，春，王二月，已巳，日有食之。（无传。日行迟，一岁一周天。月行疾，一月一周天。一岁凡十二交会。然日月动物，虽行度有大量不能不小有盈缩，故有虽交会而不食者，或有频交而食者。唯正阳之月，君子忌之，故有伐鼓用币之事。今《释例》以《长历》推经、传，明此食是二月朔也。不书朔，史失之。书朔日例在桓十七年。
　　○已巳，上音(yin)纪(ji)，下音(yin)祀，后仿此。食如字，本或作蚀，音(yin)同。量音(yin)亮。缩，所六(liu)反(fan)。）

[疏]注“日行”至“七年”。
　　○正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)曰(yue)：古今之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)历者(zhe)，大率皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)天为(wei)(wei)三(san)百(bai)六(liu)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)度(du)(du)四(si)分(fen)度(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)比月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)迟，每(mei)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)，故一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)岁乃行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)天。月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)行(xing)(xing)(xing)比日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)疾，每(mei)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)行(xing)(xing)(xing)十(shi)三(san)度(du)(du)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)度(du)(du)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)七(qi)，故一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)内则行(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)天又行(xing)(xing)(xing)二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)度(du)(du)过半(ban)(ban)，乃逐及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)天者(zhe)，略言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳，其(qi)(qi)(qi)实(shi)及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)啻一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)天也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)虽共行(xing)(xing)(xing)於天，而(er)(er)(er)(er)各(ge)有(you)道(dao)，每(mei)积(ji)二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)过半(ban)(ban)，行(xing)(xing)(xing)道(dao)交(jiao)错(cuo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)相与(yu)会(hui)(hui)(hui)集，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)会(hui)(hui)(hui)，谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。每(mei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间凡有(you)十(shi)二(er)(er)会(hui)(hui)(hui)，故一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)岁为(wei)(wei)十(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)，月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)掩(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)互相出入，或(huo)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)在日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)表，从外而(er)(er)(er)(er)入内；或(huo)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)在日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)里(li)，从内而(er)(er)(er)(er)出外。道(dao)有(you)交(jiao)错(cuo)，故日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)过半(ban)(ban)，月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)历家(jia)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)度(du)(du)分(fen)为(wei)(wei)九(jiu)(jiu)百(bai)四(si)十(shi)分(fen)则四(si)百(bai)七(qi)十(shi)分(fen)为(wei)(wei)半(ban)(ban)今月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)来(lai)(lai)及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)凡二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)又四(si)百(bai)九(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)是过半(ban)(ban)校二(er)(er)十(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)分(fen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)有(you)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)物来(lai)(lai)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)同处，则日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)被月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)映而(er)(er)(er)(er)形魄不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见，圣人不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)被月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)有(you)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)见，作(zuo)(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞。《穀(gu)梁传(chuan)》曰(yue)：“其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)，知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)慎疑，故不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)则交(jiao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)，故食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)必在朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)。然而(er)(er)(er)(er)每(mei)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)皆(jie)会(hui)(hui)(hui)，应每(mei)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)常食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)动物，虽行(xing)(xing)(xing)度(du)(du)有(you)大量，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)小有(you)盈缩，故有(you)虽交(jiao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)，或(huo)有(you)频(pin)交(jiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)”。自隐(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元年，尽哀二(er)(er)十(shi)七(qi)年，积(ji)二(er)(er)百(bai)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)五(wu)(wu)年，凡三(san)千(qian)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)五(wu)(wu)十(shi)四(si)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)三(san)十(shi)七(qi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是“虽交(jiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。襄(xiang)二(er)(er)十(shi)二(er)(er)年九(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)、十(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)频(pin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，二(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)、八月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)频(pin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是“频(pin)交(jiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)无(wu)(wu)常月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，唯(wei)正(zheng)(zheng)阳(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，君(jun)子忌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)阴侵(qin)阳(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。当(dang)阳(yang)盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜为(wei)(wei)弱阴所侵(qin)，故有(you)伐鼓用币之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。馀月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)则否(fou)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)例皆(jie)书(shu)“朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)”。“已巳”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下经(jing)无(wu)(wu)“朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)”字。《长历》推此已巳实(shi)是朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，史(shi)失之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此注作(zuo)(zuo)大判言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)耳。战国及(ji)秦(qin)，历纪(ji)全差(cha)，汉(han)来(lai)(lai)渐候天时，始造其(qi)(qi)(qi)术。刘歆《三(san)统》以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)五(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)二(er)(er)十(shi)三(san)分(fen)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)十(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，空得食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得加时。汉(han)末会(hui)(hui)(hui)稽都尉(wei)刘洪作(zuo)(zuo)《乾象历》，始推月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)行(xing)(xing)(xing)迟疾，求日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)加时。后代脩(xiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)渐益详密(mi)。今为(wei)(wei)历者(zhe)，推步日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)符合，但无(wu)(wu)频(pin)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)法。故汉(han)朝以(yi)(yi)(yi)来(lai)(lai)，殆将千(qian)岁，为(wei)(wei)历者(zhe)，皆(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)百(bai)七(qi)十(shi)三(san)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)有(you)馀而(er)(er)(er)(er)始一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)交(jiao)会(hui)(hui)(hui)，未(wei)有(you)频(pin)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)。今频(pin)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，乃是正(zheng)(zheng)经(jing)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)错(cuo)误。世考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)历术，事无(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)验，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)疏失。由是注不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能定，故未(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又《汉(han)书(shu)·高祖本纪(ji)》：高祖即位三(san)年十(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)、十(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)晦(hui)，日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)频(pin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。则自有(you)频(pin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理。其(qi)(qi)(qi)解在襄(xiang)二(er)(er)十(shi)四(si)年。《穀(gu)梁传(chuan)》曰(yue)：“言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)晦(hui)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)并不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)晦(hui)夜也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)并言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)，食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既朔(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

三月，庚戌，天王崩。周平王也。实以壬戌崩，欲诸侯之速至，故远日以赴。《春秋》不书实崩日而书远日者，即传其伪以惩臣子之过也。襄二十九年传曰：“郑上卿有事”，“使印段如周”会葬。今不书葬，鲁不会。
　　○即传，直(zhi)专(zhuan)反(fan)。印，因刃反(fan)。

[疏]“天王崩”。
　　○正义曰：《曲礼》下曰：“天子死曰崩，诸侯曰薨，大夫曰卒，士曰不禄，庶人曰死。”郑玄云：“异死名者，为人亵其无知，若犹不同然也。自上颠坏曰崩。薨，颠坏之声。卒，终也。不禄，不终其禄。死之言澌也，精神澌尽也。”是由天子尊，若山崩然；诸侯卑，取崩之声，以为尊卑之差也。不书天王名者，以海内之王主，至尊之极，故敬而不敢名也。《穀梁传》云：“高曰崩，厚曰崩。尊曰崩。天子之崩，以尊也。其崩之何也？以其在民上，故崩之。其不名何也？大上，故不名也。”苏氏云：“王后崩，大子卒，不书者，赴不及鲁也。今以为略之例，所不书也。”告丧，《礼》云：“告王丧，曰天王登假。”此言崩者，鲁史裁约为文，不道当时赴，不言登假也。
　　○注(zhu)“周(zhou)(zhou)平”至(zhi)“不(bu)(bu)会”。正(zheng)义曰(yue)(yue)：今(jin)检杜注(zhu)，无葬(zang)者皆显言其(qi)(qi)谥。此为无葬(zang)，故(gu)言周(zhou)(zhou)平王(wang)也(ye)(ye)。仲尼脩(xiu)经，当改正(zheng)真(zhen)伪以为褒(bao)贬。周(zhou)(zhou)人赴不(bu)(bu)以实，孔(kong)子从伪而(er)书(shu)者，周(zhou)(zhou)人欲令诸侯速至(zhi)，故(gu)远(yuan)其(qi)(qi)崩日以赴也(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)书(shu)其(qi)(qi)实而(er)从其(qi)(qi)伪，言人知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)伪则过(guo)足(zu)章矣，故(gu)即传其(qi)(qi)伪以惩创臣(chen)子之(zhi)(zhi)过(guo)。《释(shi)例》曰(yue)(yue)：“天(tian)王(wang)伪赴，遂用其(qi)(qi)虚，明日月(yue)阙否，亦从赴辞。”“君子不(bu)(bu)变其(qi)(qi)文，以慎(shen)其(qi)(qi)疑。且虚实相(xiang)生(sheng)，随(sui)而(er)长之(zhi)(zhi)，真(zhen)伪之(zhi)(zhi)情，可(ke)以两见。承(cheng)赴而(er)书(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)，亦所以示将来也(ye)(ye)”。

夏，四(si)月，辛卯，君(jun)(jun)氏卒。隐不(bu)敢从正君(jun)(jun)之礼(li)，故(gu)亦不(bu)敢备礼(li)於其母。

[疏]“君氏卒”。
　　○正义曰：君(jun)氏者，隐公之(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)声(sheng)子(zi)也。谓之(zhi)君(jun)氏者，言是君(jun)之(zhi)母(mu)(mu)(mu)氏也。母(mu)(mu)(mu)之(zhi)与子(zi)，氏族必异，故经典通呼(hu)母(mu)(mu)(mu)、舅(jiu)为母(mu)(mu)(mu)氏、舅(jiu)氏，言其与已异氏也。

秋，武氏子来求赙。武氏子，天子大夫之嗣也。平王丧在殡，新王未得行其爵命，听於冢宰。故传曰：“王未葬”，释其所以称父族，又不称使也。鲁不共奉王丧，致令有求。经直文以示不敬，故传不复具释也。
　　○赙音(yin)(yin)附。殡(bin)，必刃反。共音(yin)(yin)恭(gong)，本又作供，音(yin)(yin)同。令，力呈反。复(fu)，扶又反。

[疏]注“武氏”至“释也”。
　　○正义曰：武氏者，天子(zi)大(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姓。直(zhi)云“武氏子(zi)”，不(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)其字，则其人(ren)未(wei)成为大(da)夫也(ye)。若是上士例当书(shu)(shu)名，又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)应系(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父族(zu)。谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为“子(zi)”，明(ming)其是大(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)也(ye)。又(you)王(wang)使至鲁，皆言天王(wang)使矣。此(ci)(ci)后不(bu)(bu)(bu)言王(wang)使，明(ming)其不(bu)(bu)(bu)称王(wang)命(ming)也(ye)。以此(ci)(ci)知此(ci)(ci)人(ren)父丧(sang)(sang)已(yi)终(zhong)，宜(yi)嗣父位。但平王(wang)未(wei)命(ming)而崩，新王(wang)居丧(sang)(sang)，未(wei)得(de)行(xing)其爵命(ming)，政(zheng)事听於冢宰(zai)。冢宰(zai)使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適鲁，冢宰(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)专命(ming)，故(gu)作自来之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)。传言“王(wang)未(wei)葬”者，意兼两事：王(wang)丧(sang)(sang)在殡，新王(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)加臣爵位，故(gu)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)仍系(xi)父族(zu)；王(wang)又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)命(ming)臣出行(xing)，故(gu)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)称王(wang)使。以未(wei)葬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)，阙(que)此(ci)(ci)二事，故(gu)传以未(wei)葬解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

八月，庚辰，宋公和卒。称卒者，略外以别内也。元年大夫盟於宿，故来赴以名。例在七年。
　　○别，彼列反。

冬，十有二月，齐(qi)侯、郑伯盟(meng)于石门。来(lai)告，故书。石门，齐(qi)地；或(huo)曰(yue)，济北卢县故城西(xi)南济水之门。

癸未，葬宋穆公。无传。鲁使大夫会葬，故书。始死书卒，史在国承赴，为君故，恶其薨名，改赴书也。书葬则举谥称公者，会葬者在外，据彼国之辞也。书葬例在昭六年。
　　○为，于伪反(fan)。恶(e)，乌(wu)路反(fan)。

[疏]注“鲁使”至“六年”。
　　○正义曰(yue)(yue)：文(wen)(wen)九(jiu)年“叔孙得臣(chen)如(ru)(ru)京师”、“葬(zang)襄(xiang)王”，昭三年“叔弓如(ru)(ru)滕(teng)葬(zang)滕(teng)成公(gong)(gong)”，如(ru)(ru)此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)，遣卿(qing)行者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)。此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)名(ming)，知是大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)往也(ye)。大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)奉命出使(shi)(shi)(shi)，位贱不(bu)(bu)合书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)名(ming)，故(gu)(gu)直书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事而(er)己。盟则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)云(yun)及某盟，会则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)云(yun)会某人，葬(zang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)云(yun)葬(zang)某公(gong)(gong)，举其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，明有使(shi)(shi)(shi)往可知也(ye)。《释(shi)例(li)(li)》曰(yue)(yue)：“先王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)，诸侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧，士吊，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)送(song)葬(zang)。及其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)失也(ye)，礼(li)(li)(li)过於(wu)(wu)重(zhong)。文(wen)(wen)、襄(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯，因而(er)抑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。诸侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)吊，卿(qing)共葬(zang)事。夫(fu)(fu)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧，士吊，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)送(song)葬(zang)。犹过古(gu)制(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)‘公(gong)(gong)子遂如(ru)(ru)晋葬(zang)襄(xiang)公(gong)(gong)’，传不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)。‘葬(zang)秦景公(gong)(gong)’，传曰(yue)(yue)：‘大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)秦葬(zang)景公(gong)(gong)’，特称(cheng)(cheng)‘礼(li)(li)(li)也(ye)’。一以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)(shi)古(gu)制(zhi)，二以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)(shi)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)他(ta)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)葬(zang)必(bi)须鲁会，三以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)(shi)奉使(shi)(shi)(shi)非卿(qing)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)於(wu)(wu)经，此(ci)(ci)丘明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)微文(wen)(wen)也(ye)。”是言(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)得正而(er)卿(qing)过礼(li)(li)(li)也(ye)。诸侯(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正名(ming)。鲁史(shi)自(zi)(zi)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)君死曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。若邻国亦同书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)与已君无别。国史(shi)自(zi)(zi)在已国，承他(ta)国赴(fu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)，为(wei)与已君同，故(gu)(gu)恶(e)(e)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)名(ming)。虽(sui)赴(fu)称(cheng)(cheng)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，皆(jie)改赴(fu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卒(zu)(zu)，略外(wai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)别内也(ye)。至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)葬(zang)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)五等(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爵皆(jie)举谥(shi)称(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，会葬(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在於(wu)(wu)国外(wai)，据(ju)彼国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)。彼国臣(chen)子称(cheng)(cheng)君曰(yue)(yue)公(gong)(gong)，书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行，不(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)也(ye)。又云(yun)“恶(e)(e)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)名(ming)，改赴(fu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《释(shi)例(li)(li)》曰(yue)(yue)：“天子曰(yue)(yue)崩，诸侯(hou)(hou)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)曰(yue)(yue)卒(zu)(zu)，古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)也(ye)。《春秋》所称(cheng)(cheng)，曲(qu)存鲁史(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，内称(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)而(er)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)君，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)略外(wai)，诸侯(hou)(hou)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卒(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)异也(ye)。”至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)既(ji)葬(zang)，虽(sui)邾、许子男之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君皆(jie)称(cheng)(cheng)谥(shi)而(er)言(yan)(yan)公(gong)(gong)，各顺臣(chen)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)，两(liang)通(tong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义，是其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)说也(ye)。案《礼(li)(li)(li)·杂记》赴(fu)告(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)云(yun)：“君讣於(wu)(wu)他(ta)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，曰(yue)(yue)：寡君不(bu)(bu)禄(lu)，敢告(gao)(gao)(gao)於(wu)(wu)执事。”然则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)赴(fu)辞(ci)本无薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)语而(er)云(yun)：“恶(e)(e)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)名(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)夫(fu)(fu)人薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)例(li)(li)云(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)赴(fu)於(wu)(wu)诸侯(hou)(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)：“薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)明其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)告(gao)(gao)(gao)人，故(gu)(gu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)。是知王侯(hou)(hou)丧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通(tong)国命，皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)崩、薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)相(xiang)告(gao)(gao)(gao)。记之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所称(cheng)(cheng)，谓答(da)主人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)问，饰其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)辞(ci)耳(er)。若以(yi)(yi)(yi)记文(wen)(wen)无“薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)”，即(ji)疑不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)告(gao)(gao)(gao)，记称(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)、士赴(fu)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)，皆(jie)云(yun)“不(bu)(bu)禄(lu)”，岂大(da)(da)夫(fu)(fu)无“卒(zu)(zu)”名(ming)也(ye)？以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)知相(xiang)赴(fu)，策(ce)(ce)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)为(wei)文(wen)(wen)。但(dan)摈者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)口传赴(fu)辞(ci)，义在谦退，从士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“不(bu)(bu)禄(lu)”。故(gu)(gu)礼(li)(li)(li)记言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赴(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，但(dan)改赴(fu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)卒(zu)(zu)耳(er)。史(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)事莫(mo)不(bu)(bu)在国，会葬(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)(zi)可在外(wai)，书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)策(ce)(ce)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)国内书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)云(yun)“据(ju)彼国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞(ci)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，言(yan)(yan)使(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)此(ci)(ci)事行，故(gu)(gu)文(wen)(wen)从彼称(cheng)(cheng)，不(bu)(bu)谓书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)不(bu)(bu)在国也(ye)。卿(qing)为(wei)君逆，谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)逆女(nv)，亦是书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)已之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)(shi)，据(ju)彼称(cheng)(cheng)女(nv)，与此(ci)(ci)同也(ye)。

【传】三年(nian)，春，王三月，壬戌(xu)，平(ping)王崩。赴以庚戌(xu)，故书之。

夏，君氏卒。声子也。不赴於诸侯，不反哭于寝，不祔于姑，故不曰薨。不称夫人，故不言葬。夫人丧礼有三：薨则赴於同盟之国，一也；既葬日中自墓反，虞於正寝，所谓反哭于寝，二也；卒哭而祔於祖姑，三也。若此则书曰夫人某氏薨，葬我小君某氏。此备礼之文也。其或不赴、不祔，则为不成丧，故死不称夫人薨，葬不言葬我小君某氏。反哭则书葬，不反哭则不书葬。今声子三礼皆阙。《释例》论之详矣。
　　○祔音附。

[疏(shu)]注“夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”至(zhi)“详矣”。正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)：僖(xi)(xi)八年“致(zhi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”传曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)同(tong)(tong)”，“则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)弗致(zhi)”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)，赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)同(tong)(tong)盟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《礼(li)(li)(li)·檀弓》记(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)礼(li)(li)(li)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“既(ji)封”，有(you)(you)司(si)以(yi)(yi)(yi)几(ji)筵舍(she)奠於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)墓左(zuo)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)日(ri)中(zhong)而(er)(er)虞(yu)。”《士丧(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)》：“既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，乃(nai)(nai)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)，遂適(shi)殡宫(gong)而(er)(er)虞(yu)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，日(ri)中(zhong)自(zi)墓反(fan)(fan)(fan)，虞(yu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正寝(qin)。正寝(qin)即殡宫(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。僖(xi)(xi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)十(shi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)年传与(yu)(yu)《檀弓》记(ji)皆(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“卒哭(ku)(ku)而(er)(er)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。”《丧(sang)(sang)(sang)服小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)记(ji)》曰(yue)(yue)：“妇祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)祖(zu)姑(gu)(gu)”，《杂记(ji)》曰(yue)(yue)：“妾(qie)(qie)(qie)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)祖(zu)姑(gu)(gu)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)姑(gu)(gu)者(zhe)，祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)祖(zu)姑(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)礼(li)(li)(li)有(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)，史策所(suo)书(shu)有(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)，唯卒、葬(zang)(zang)(zang)两事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)已。其(qi)(qi)卒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)者(zhe)，或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)某(mou)氏薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，仲子(zi)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)姜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)某(mou)氏卒，定姒、孟(meng)子(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。葬(zang)(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异(yi)(yi)者(zhe)，或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)我小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)某(mou)氏，文(wen)(wen)(wen)姜、敬嬴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；或云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)某(mou)氏，葬(zang)(zang)(zang)定姒是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；或则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)声子(zi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)礼(li)(li)(li)皆(jie)(jie)阙。经(jing)(jing)异(yi)(yi)常辞，必(bi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)阙一(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)变一(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。但(dan)(dan)传既(ji)并释，注不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)显配(pei)(pei)，虽(sui)言(yan)《释例(li)》详之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，例(li)亦未(wei)甚(shen)分明。此(ci)传“故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”上三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，“故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)”下三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。若(ruo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)次相(xiang)配(pei)(pei)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸侯，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)寝(qin)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)姑(gu)(gu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)次相(xiang)属，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)乃(nai)(nai)似然。但(dan)(dan)顾下传，义(yi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)尔。定十(shi)五年“姒氏卒”，传曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，且(qie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”哀(ai)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)年“孟(meng)子(zi)卒”，传曰(yue)(yue)：“死(si)(si)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)。”彼二(er)(er)(er)(er)传皆(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”解(jie)(jie)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，以(yi)(yi)(yi)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)”解(jie)(jie)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)”。然则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)由(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)；由(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)(er)(er)(er)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既(ji)然，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)由(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，断可知(zhi)矣。传文(wen)(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)次相(xiang)配(pei)(pei)者(zhe)，初死(si)(si)乃(nai)(nai)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，葬(zang)(zang)(zang)乃(nai)(nai)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)始祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)依事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先后(hou)(hou)为文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。至(zhi)书(shu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)经(jing)(jing)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)共(gong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先言(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，后(hou)(hou)言(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，顺经(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先后(hou)(hou)为文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《礼(li)(li)(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本(ben)意，必(bi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)乃(nai)(nai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)乃(nai)(nai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)乃(nai)(nai)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)者(zhe)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)君(jun)同(tong)(tong)体，死(si)(si)必(bi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻国。若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)告(gao)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻国，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。尊(zun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)否，义(yi)由(you)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)告(gao)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)状，在(zai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)书(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《礼(li)(li)(li)》：適(shi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)適(shi)祖(zu)姑(gu)(gu)，妾(qie)(qie)(qie)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)妾(qie)(qie)(qie)祖(zu)姑(gu)(gu)。亦既(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)姑(gu)(gu)，便是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)適(shi)、妾(qie)(qie)(qie)莫(mo)辩。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)墓，反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)寝(qin)，哀(ai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尤极(ji)，情之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最切。既(ji)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，全是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)念其(qi)(qi)亲，葬(zang)(zang)(zang)与(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，殆(dai)无以(yi)(yi)(yi)异(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，皆(jie)(jie)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)惩臣子(zi)，责其(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)礼(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)礼(li)(li)(li)，有(you)(you)勤有(you)(you)惰，未(wei)必(bi)废则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)俱废，行(xing)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)皆(jie)(jie)行(xing)。此(ci)声子(zi)自(zi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)礼(li)(li)(li)皆(jie)(jie)阙，其(qi)(qi)馀或可一(yi)行(xing)一(yi)否。《释例(li)》曰(yue)(yue)：“夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)子(zi)氏赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)；定姒则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)二(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)据(ju)传则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)然，理在(zai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)惑，但(dan)(dan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)，辞当(dang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)何耳。薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)者(zhe)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)死(si)(si)号。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，必(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)者(zhe)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)号。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，必(bi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“孟(meng)子(zi)卒”下注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)与(yu)(yu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)将(jiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“葬(zang)(zang)(zang)定姒”传曰(yue)(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)丧(sang)(sang)(sang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)。”传以(yi)(yi)(yi)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”解(jie)(jie)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”，注以(yi)(yi)(yi)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”解(jie)(jie)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)相(xiang)将(jiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)相(xiang)将(jiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可致(zhi)诘(jie)。盖(gai)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)礼(li)(li)(li)，课行(xing)一(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)具此(ci)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)文(wen)(wen)(wen)。二(er)(er)(er)(er)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并废，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)文(wen)(wen)(wen)皆(jie)(jie)去耳。何则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)？检此(ci)传相(xiang)配(pei)(pei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)由(you)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由(you)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孟(meng)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)传乃(nai)(nai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)由(you)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)由(you)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。定姒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)传云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)且(qie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。”又以(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并解(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)姑(gu)(gu)，夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)阙，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曰(yue)(yue)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。”明是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)俱阙，乃(nai)(nai)去夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，课行(xing)一(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)书(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)，书(shu)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)必(bi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)。所(suo)异(yi)(yi)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)哭(ku)(ku)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)，若(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)无所(suo)施耳。即仲子(zi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)姑(gu)(gu)皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)皆(jie)(jie)曰(yue)(yue)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)某(mou)氏薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。惠公自(zi)有(you)(you)元妃，别(bie)为仲子(zi)立(li)庙(miao)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)仲子(zi)未(wei)必(bi)祔(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)姑(gu)(gu)，盖(gai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)赴(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)薨(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

不书姓，为公故，曰君氏。不书姓，辟正夫人也。隐见为君，故特书於经，称“曰君氏”，以别凡妾媵。
　　○为公，音于伪反。见，贤遍反。别，彼别反。

[疏]注“不书””至“妾媵”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：辟(pi)正夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)，谓辟(pi)仲(zhong)子(zi)耳。何则？妾(qie)子(zi)为君(jun)(jun)，则其(qi)母(mu)得为夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)须辟(pi)仲(zhong)子(zi)也(ye)。但公以让位(wei)之故(gu)，不(bu)从(cong)正君(jun)(jun)之礼，故(gu)亦不(bu)备礼於其(qi)母(mu)，使(shi)之辟(pi)仲(zhong)子(zi)也(ye)。《释(shi)例》曰(yue)：“凡妾(qie)子(zi)为君(jun)(jun)，其(qi)母(mu)犹为夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)。虽先君(jun)(jun)不(bu)命其(qi)母(mu)，母(mu)以子(zi)贵，其(qi)適(shi)夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)薨，则尊得加於臣(chen)子(zi)，外内之礼皆如夫人(ren)(ren)(ren)矣。故(gu)姒氏(shi)之丧(sang)，责以小君(jun)(jun)不(bu)成(cheng)。成(cheng)风(feng)之丧(sang)，王使(shi)会葬(zang)，传(chuan)曰(yue)‘礼也(ye)’。隐以让桓摄(she)位(wei)，故(gu)不(bu)成(cheng)礼於声(sheng)子(zi)，假称君(jun)(jun)氏(shi)，以别凡妾(qie)媵。盖是(shi)一时之宜，隐之至义也(ye)。”是(shi)其(qi)辟(pi)仲(zhong)子(zi)之意也(ye)。

郑武公、庄公为平王卿士。卿士，王卿之执政者。言父子秉周之政。王贰于虢。虢，西虢公，亦仕王朝。王欲分政於虢，不复专任郑伯。
　　○朝，直遥反。复，扶又反。任，而鸩反，后不音者皆同。郑伯怨王，王曰：“无之。”故周、郑交质。王子狐为质於郑，郑公子忽为质於周。王子狐，平王子。
　　○质音致，下同。狐音胡。王崩，周人将畀虢公政。周人遂成平王本意。
　　○畀，必二反，与也。四月，郑祭足帅师取温之麦。秋，又取成周之禾。四月，今二月也。秋，今之夏也。麦、禾皆未熟，言取者盖芟践之。温，今河内温县。成周，洛阳县也。
　　○祭，侧(ce)界反(fan)。芟，所衔(xian)反(fan)。

[疏]注“四月”至“阳县也”。
　　○正义曰：此直言秋，秋有(you)三月(yue)。若是季秋，则今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)七(qi)(qi)月(yue)。杜(du)必(bi)知“秋，今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)夏”者(zhe)，以此传在武(wu)氏之(zhi)上。案经(jing)，武(wu)氏之(zhi)下有(you)“八月(yue)，宋公和卒”，则知此是七(qi)(qi)月(yue)，故为今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)夏，谓今(jin)(jin)之(zhi)五(wu)月(yue)也(ye)。麦熟在夏，而(er)云(yun)麦、禾皆未熟者(zhe)，谓四(si)月(yue)之(zhi)时(shi)麦未熟，七(qi)(qi)月(yue)之(zhi)时(shi)禾未熟，二者(zhe)异时(shi)，故言皆也(ye)。

周、郑交恶。两相疾恶。君子曰：“信不由中，质无益也。明恕而行，要之以礼，虽无有质，谁能间之？苟有明信，涧谿沼沚之毛，谿亦涧也。沼，池也。沚，小渚也。毛，草也。
　　○要，於遥反。间，间厕之间。谿，苦兮反。《尔雅》云：“山夹水曰涧”，“山渎无所通曰谿。”沼，之绍反。沚音止，亦音市，本又作畤。蘋蘩蕰藻之菜，蘋，大蓱也。蘩，皤蒿。蕰藻，聚藻也。
　　○蘋音(yin)频。蘩音(yin)烦(fan)。蕰，纡(yu)纷(fen)反。藻音(yin)早。蓱，蒲丁反。皤，蒲多反，白蒿也(ye)。

[疏]“涧谿”至“之菜”。
　　○正义曰：毛即菜也。而重其文者，谿沼言地之陋，蘋藻言菜之薄，故文重也。
　　○注“谿亦”至“毛草”。
　　○正义曰：《尔雅·释山》云：“山夹水，涧。”李巡曰：“山间有水。”《释名》曰：“言水在两山间也。”《释水》曰：“水注川曰谿。”李巡曰：“水出於山，入於川。”《释山》又云：“山豄无所通，谿。”李巡曰：“山中水渎，虽无所通，与水注川同名。”宋均曰：“无水曰谷，有水曰谿。”然则谿亦山间有水之名，是涧之类，故云“谿亦涧也”。沼者，池之别名。张揖《广雅》亦云：“沼，池也。”应劭《风俗通》云：“池者，陂池，从水，也声。”沚与畤音义同。《释水》曰：“小渚曰沚。”《释名》曰：“沚，止也，小水可止息其上。”草是地之毛。《周礼》“宅不毛”，谓宅内无草木也，故杜以毛为草。草即下句蘋蘩蕰藻是也。蘩，陆菜，而云沼沚之毛者，或采之水旁，非皆水内也。
　　○注“蘋大”至“聚藻也”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：《释草(cao)》云(yun)(yun)：“苹(ping)，蓱(ping)，其(qi)大(da)者(zhe)蘋(pin)。”舍人(ren)曰(yue)：“苹(ping)，一名(ming)蓱(ping)，大(da)者(zhe)名(ming)蘋(pin)。”郭璞(pu)曰(yue)：“水(shui)中浮蓱(ping)，江东(dong)谓(wei)之(zhi)薸。”陆机《毛(mao)诗义(yi)疏(shu)》云(yun)(yun)：“今水(shui)上浮蓱(ping)是也。其(qi)粗大(da)者(zhe)谓(wei)之(zhi)蘋(pin)，小者(zhe)曰(yue)蓱(ping)。季春始生。可糁(san)蒸为(wei)茹(ru)(ru)，又可苦酒淹以就酒。”《释草(cao)》又云(yun)(yun)：“蘩，皤蒿(hao)。”孙炎曰(yue)：“白蒿(hao)也。”陆机《疏(shu)》曰(yue)：“凡艾白色为(wei)皤蒿(hao)。今白蒿(hao)，春始生，及秋香美。可生食，又可烝。一名(ming)游(you)胡(hu)，北海人(ren)谓(wei)之(zhi)旁勃(bo)。故《大(da)戴(dai)礼(li)·夏小正》传曰(yue)：‘蘩，游(you)胡(hu)。’游(you)胡(hu)，旁勃(bo)也。”许(xu)慎《说文》云(yun)(yun)：“藻(zao)(zao)，水(shui)草(cao)，从月，从水(shui)，巢声。或作(zuo)藻(zao)(zao)，从澡。”《毛(mao)诗传》曰(yue)：“藻(zao)(zao)，聚(ju)(ju)藻(zao)(zao)也。”然(ran)则此草(cao)好聚(ju)(ju)生。蕰(wen)训(xun)聚(ju)(ju)也，故云(yun)(yun)“蕰(wen)藻(zao)(zao)，聚(ju)(ju)藻(zao)(zao)也”。陆机《疏(shu)》云(yun)(yun)：“生水(shui)底(di)，有二种(zhong)(zhong)：其(qi)一种(zhong)(zhong)叶(ye)(ye)如(ru)鸡苏(su)，茎大(da)如(ru)著，长四五(wu)尺。其(qi)一种(zhong)(zhong)茎大(da)如(ru)钗股(gu)，叶(ye)(ye)如(ru)蓬，谓(wei)之(zhi)聚(ju)(ju)藻(zao)(zao)。”又云(yun)(yun)：“扶风人(ren)谓(wei)之(zhi)藻(zao)(zao)，聚(ju)(ju)为(wei)发(fa)声也。此二藻(zao)(zao)皆可食，煮熟捼去腥气，米面糁(san)蒸为(wei)茹(ru)(ru)，嘉美，杨(yang)州人(ren)饥荒可以当(dang)穀食。”

筐筥锜釜之器，方曰筐，员曰筥，无足曰釜，有足曰锜。
　　○筐，丘方(fang)反。筥，九吕反。锜，其绮反。筐、筥皆器(qi)也(ye)。

[疏]注“方曰”至“曰锜”。
　　○正义曰：此皆《毛·诗传》、郑(zheng)笺之文也。《说文》云(yun)：“筥，饭牛筐也。”《广(guang)雅(ya)》云(yun)：“锜(qi)，釜也。”

潢汙行潦之水，潢汙，停水。行潦，流潦。
　　○潢(huang)音黄。汙音乌(wu)。潦音老。

[疏]注“潢汙”至“流潦”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：停水(shui)，谓(wei)水(shui)不流(liu)也(ye)。行，道(dao)也(ye)。雨(yu)水(shui)谓(wei)之潦(liao)(liao)。言道(dao)上聚流(liu)者也(ye)。服虔云(yun)：“畜小水(shui)谓(wei)之潢。水(shui)不流(liu)谓(wei)之汙。行潦(liao)(liao)，道(dao)路(lu)之水(shui)。”是也(ye)。此水(shui)用(yong)为饮(yin)食，故引《泂酌(zhuo)》之篇(pian)。藻虽潦(liao)(liao)水(shui)所生，要此潦(liao)(liao)非生菜(cai)处(chu)也(ye)。

可荐(jian)於鬼神(shen)，可羞(xiu)於王(wang)公。羞(xiu)，进也(ye)。

[疏]“可荐”至“王公”。
　　○正义曰：上(shang)言鬼神，此言王(wang)公(gong)，是生(sheng)王(wang)公(gong)也。或以为王(wang)公(gong)亦谓(wei)鬼神，非(fei)生(sheng)王(wang)公(gong)也。此传之(zhi)意(yi)，取《诗》为言。《泂酌》论天子之(zhi)事，是羞(xiu)(xiu)於王(wang)也。《采蘩》云公(gong)侯(hou)之(zhi)事，是羞(xiu)(xiu)於公(gong)也。言荐又言羞(xiu)(xiu)者(zhe)，郑玄(xuan)注《庖人(ren)》云：“备品物曰荐，致滋味乃为羞(xiu)(xiu)。”

而况君子结二国之信，行之以礼，又焉用质？通言盟约彼此之情，故言二国。
　　○焉，於虔反。约，如字，又於妙反。《风》有《采蘩》、《采蘋》，《采蘩》，《采蘋》，《诗·国风》。义取於不嫌薄物。《雅》有《行苇》、《泂酌》，《诗·大雅》也。《行苇》篇，义取忠厚也。《泂酌》篇，义取虽行潦可以共祭祀也。
　　○苇，于鬼(gui)反。泂(jiong)音迥(jiong)。共(gong)音恭(gong)。

[疏]“《雅》有《行苇》”。
　　○正义曰：《采蘩(fan)》、《采蘋》、《泂酌》，上(shang)传所言(yan)(yan)皆有彼(bi)篇之事，其(qi)言(yan)(yan)未及《行苇(wei)》。今言(yan)(yan)《行苇(wei)》者，其(qi)意别取忠厚，非以(yi)结上(shang)也(ye)。

昭忠信也。”明有忠信之行，虽薄物皆可为用。
　　○行，下孟反。

武氏子来求赙，王未葬也。

宋穆公疾，召大司马孔父而属殇公焉，曰：“先君舍与夷而立寡人，先君，穆公兄宣公也。与夷，宣公子，即所属殇公。
　　○属，章欲反，注同。殇，舒羊反。舍(she)音舍(she)。与，如字，一音馀。

[疏]“武氏”至“葬也”。
　　○正义曰：苏氏云：案文九年“毛伯来求金”，传曰“不书王命，未葬也”。此传直云“王未葬”。不同者，毛伯直释，不称使，故云“不书王命”。此武氏子，非但不称使，又称父族，二事皆由未葬，故直云“王未葬也”。
　　○“而立寡人”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：《曲礼》下曰：“诸侯(hou)见天子曰臣(chen)某、侯(hou)某，其与(yu)民言自(zi)(zi)称(cheng)曰寡人(ren)(ren)。”今(jin)与(yu)臣(chen)言亦云寡人(ren)(ren)，则知其对臣(chen)民自(zi)(zi)称(cheng)同也(ye)。《老子》曰：“孤寡不(bu)穀(gu)，王侯(hou)之谦称(cheng)。”故以下诸侯(hou)自(zi)(zi)称(cheng)，亦多(duo)言不(bu)穀(gu)。

寡人弗敢忘。若以大夫之灵，得保首领以没，先君若问与夷，其将何辞以对？请子奉之，以主社稷，寡人虽死，亦无悔焉。”对曰：“群臣原奉冯也。”冯，穆公子庄公也。
　　○没，本亦作殁，同。冯，皮冰反，本亦作凭。公曰：“不可。先君以寡人为贤，使主社稷，若弃德不让，是废先君之举也。岂曰能贤？言不让则不足称贤。光昭先君之令德，可不务乎？吾子其无废先君之功。”先君以举贤为功，我若不贤是废之。使公子冯出居於郑。辟殇公也。八月庚辰，宋穆公卒，殇公即位。君子曰：“宋宣公可谓知人矣。立穆公，其子飨之，命以义夫。命出於义也。夫，语助。
　　○夫音符，注(zhu)同。

[疏]“命以义夫”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：义(yi)者宜(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)。错(cuo)心方直，动合(he)事宜(yi)(yi)，乃谓之(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)义(yi)。宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)立穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)，知(zhi)(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)贤，必以(yi)义(yi)理，不(bu)弃(qi)其子。今(jin)穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)方卒，命(ming)(ming)孔父(fu)(fu)以(yi)义(yi)事而(er)立殇公(gong)(gong)。是穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)命(ming)(ming)立殇公(gong)(gong)，出於仁义(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，故杜(du)云“命(ming)(ming)出於义(yi)也(ye)(ye)”。必知(zhi)(zhi)“命(ming)(ming)以(yi)义(yi)夫(fu)”谓穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)命(ming)(ming)立殇公(gong)(gong)者，以(yi)杜(du)注云“帅(shuai)义(yi)而(er)行(xing)，则殇公(gong)(gong)宜(yi)(yi)受此命(ming)(ming)，宜(yi)(yi)荷此禄”。“公(gong)(gong)子冯(feng)不(bu)帅(shuai)父(fu)(fu)义(yi)”，“终伤(shang)咸宜(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)福”。明知(zhi)(zhi)殇公(gong)(gong)受穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)与殷汤(tang)、武丁同(tong)有“咸宜(yi)(yi)”，是知(zhi)(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)公(gong)(gong)命(ming)(ming)殇公(gong)(gong)是为(wei)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)。

《商颂》曰：‘殷受命咸宜，百禄是荷。’其是之谓乎！”《诗·颂》言殷汤、武丁受命皆以义，故任荷天之百禄也。帅义而行，则殇公宜受此命，宜荷此禄。公子冯不帅父义，忿而出奔，因郑以求入，终伤“咸宜”之福，故知人之称唯在宣公也。殷礼有兄弟相及，不必传子孙，宋其后也，故指称《商颂》。
　　○颂，似用反。荷，本又(you)作何(he)，何(he)可反，又(you)音何(he)，注同，任也。任音壬(ren)。忿，芳粉反。称，尺(chi)证(zheng)反。传(chuan)，直(zhi)专(zhuan)反。

[疏]“商颂”至“谓乎”。
　　○正义曰：《商颂·玄鸟》之卒章，言成汤、武丁，此二王者，受天之命，皆得其宜，故天之百种之禄，於是乎荷负之。言天禄皆归，故得而荷负也。今穆公立殇公亦得其宜，故殇公宜荷其禄，《诗》之意其是此事之谓乎！
　　○注“诗颂”至“商颂”。
　　○正义曰：唐虞之(zhi)代(dai)，契为(wei)(wei)司徒，封於商。十四世至汤，王有(you)天(tian)下，遂以(yi)商为(wei)(wei)代(dai)号。后世有(you)武丁者，中兴贤君(jun)，时有(you)作诗颂(song)之(zhi)者，谓之(zhi)《商颂(song)》，美汤与(yu)武丁能荷天(tian)禄。今(jin)殇(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)亦(yi)荷天(tian)禄，与(yu)《诗》义同，故引以(yi)证之(zhi)。《公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)宋之(zhi)祸，宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)。尤其(qi)(qi)舍子(zi)(zi)(zi)立弟(di)，果令冯(feng)有(you)争(zheng)心(xin)。以(yi)冯(feng)之(zhi)争(zheng)为(wei)(wei)宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)过。今(jin)此传(chuan)善(shan)宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)，故申(shen)明(ming)其(qi)(qi)事。若(ruo)(ruo)使(shi)帅义而(er)行，则殇(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)宜(yi)(yi)受(shou)此命，宜(yi)(yi)荷此禄。但公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)冯(feng)不帅父义，失其(qi)(qi)咸(xian)宜(yi)(yi)，故知(zhi)人之(zhi)称唯在(zai)宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)。止善(shan)宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)知(zhi)穆公(gong)(gong)耳。冯(feng)自(zi)争(zheng)国(guo)，非(fei)宣(xuan)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)罪，故善(shan)之(zhi)。传(chuan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)使(shi)公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)冯(feng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)居(ju)(ju)于(yu)郑，则是(shi)父使(shi)之(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)。注言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)忿而(er)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)奔者，四年传(chuan)曰：“公(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)冯(feng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)奔郑，郑人欲纳之(zhi)。”又告(gao)宋曰：“君(jun)若(ruo)(ruo)伐郑，以(yi)除君(jun)害(hai)(hai)。”是(shi)冯(feng)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)奔郑，求(qiu)入，欲害(hai)(hai)宋国(guo)也。父使(shi)居(ju)(ju)郑，欲以(yi)辟(pi)殇(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)；冯(feng)乃(nai)因郑，欲以(yi)害(hai)(hai)殇(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)。故据父言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)，则云使(shi)之(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)居(ju)(ju)；据冯(feng)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)，则云忿而(er)出(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)奔；各从其(qi)(qi)实而(er)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)文(wen)也。谥法：“短(duan)折不成曰殇(shang)(shang)”，“布德执义曰穆”。

冬，齐、郑盟于石门，寻卢之盟也。卢盟在春秋前。卢，齐地，今济北卢县故城。庚戌，郑伯之车偾于济。既盟而遇大风，传记异也。十二月无庚戌，日误。
　　○偾(fen)，弗问反，仆(pu)也(ye)。

[疏]注“既盟”至“日误”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：《释言》云：“偾，僵也。”舍人曰：“背(bei)，踣(bo)意也。”车踣(bo)而入(ru)济(ji)，是(shi)风吹之(zhi)队济(ji)水(shui)，非常之(zhi)事(shi)，故云传记异也。《禹贡》：“导沇水(shui)东(dong)流为(wei)济(ji)，入(ru)于河，溢(yi)为(wei)荣。”《释例(li)》曰：“济(ji)自荧阳卷县东(dong)经陈留至(zhi)济(ji)阴，北(bei)经高(gao)平，东(dong)经济(ji)北(bei)，东(dong)北(bei)经济(ji)南，至(zhi)乐安博昌县入(ru)海(hai)。”案：检水(shui)流之(zhi)道，今古或(huo)殊。杜(du)既考校元由，据(ju)当时所见，载於《释例(li)》，今一皆(jie)依杜(du)。虽与(yu)《水(shui)经》乖异，亦(yi)不复(fu)根(gen)寻也。庚戌(xu)(xu)无月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，而云十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者，以经盟于石门(men)在(zai)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，知(zhi)此亦(yi)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)也。经书十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，下云“癸(gui)未，葬(zang)宋穆公”，计庚戌(xu)(xu)在(zai)癸(gui)未之(zhi)前(qian)三十(shi)(shi)三日(ri)，不得共(gong)在(zai)一月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。彼(bi)《长历(li)》推此年(nian)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)甲子朔，十(shi)(shi)一日(ri)有(you)甲戌(xu)(xu)，二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)日(ri)在(zai)丙戌(xu)(xu)，不得有(you)庚戌(xu)(xu)。而月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)有(you)癸(gui)未，则月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)不容误，知(zhi)日(ri)误也。

卫庄(zhuang)公娶于齐(qi)东宫(gong)得臣(chen)之(zhi)妹，曰庄(zhuang)姜。得臣(chen)，齐(qi)大子也(ye)。此(ci)太子不敢居(ju)上位，故常处(chu)东宫(gong)。

[疏]“卫庄”至“庄姜”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：《齐国侯爵谱》云：“姜(jiang)姓，大公(gong)(gong)望之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，其(qi)先四岳，佐禹有功。或封於(wu)吕，或封於(wu)申(shen)，故(gu)太(tai)(tai)公(gong)(gong)曰(yue)吕望也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。太(tai)(tai)公(gong)(gong)股(gu)肱周室，成(cheng)(cheng)王封之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)营丘，今临淄是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)九年(nian)(nian)(nian)，鲁隐公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。简(jian)(jian)公(gong)(gong)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)，获麟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。简(jian)(jian)公(gong)(gong)弟(di)平公(gong)(gong)十三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)，《春(chun)秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)传终矣。平公(gong)(gong)二(er)十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒。后二(er)世(shi)(shi)七十年(nian)(nian)(nian)而田氏夺齐，太(tai)(tai)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后灭矣。案(an)《齐世(shi)(shi)家(jia)》，庄(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)生僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)。东(dong)宫(gong)得(de)臣(chen)，未知何(he)公(gong)(gong)太(tai)(tai)子。案(an)《史(shi)记·十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)诸侯年(nian)(nian)(nian)表》，卫庄(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立在(zai)春(chun)秋(qiu)前二(er)十五年(nian)(nian)(nian)，齐僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立在(zai)春(chun)秋(qiu)前八年(nian)(nian)(nian)。然则庄(zhuang)姜(jiang)必非齐僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)，盖(gai)是(shi)庄(zhuang)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)，僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)姊妹(mei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。得(de)臣(chen)为(wei)太(tai)(tai)子，早(zao)死(si)，故(gu)僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)立也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不言(yan)僖(xi)(xi)(xi)公(gong)(gong)姊妹(mei)，而系得(de)臣(chen)者，见其(qi)是(shi)適女(nv)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。得(de)臣(chen)为(wei)太(tai)(tai)子，云常处(chu)(chu)东(dong)宫(gong)者，四时东(dong)为(wei)春(chun)，万(wan)物生长(zhang)在(zai)东(dong)；西(xi)为(wei)秋(qiu)，万(wan)物成(cheng)(cheng)就在(zai)西(xi)。以此君在(zai)西(xi)宫(gong)，太(tai)(tai)子常处(chu)(chu)东(dong)宫(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或可据《易(yi)·象》：西(xi)北为(wei)乾(qian)，乾(qian)为(wei)君父，故(gu)君在(zai)西(xi)；东(dong)方(fang)震(zhen)，震(zhen)为(wei)长(zhang)男，故(gu)太(tai)(tai)子在(zai)东(dong)宫(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

美而无子，卫人所为赋《硕人》也。《硕人》诗，义取庄姜美于色，贤于德，而不见答，终以无子，国人忧之。
　　○为音于伪(wei)反。

[疏]“所为赋《硕人》也”。
　　○正(zheng)义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)：此赋谓(wei)自作诗也。班(ban)固曰(yue)(yue)：“不歌而诵(song)亦曰(yue)(yue)赋。”郑玄云：“赋者，或造(zao)篇，或诵(song)古(gu)。”然则赋有二义(yi)。此与闵二年郑人赋《清人》，许穆夫人赋《载驰(chi)》，皆(jie)初造(zao)篇也。其馀言(yan)赋者，则皆(jie)诵(song)古(gu)诗也。

又娶于陈，曰厉妫。生孝伯，早死。陈，今陈国陈县。
　　○妫(gui)，九危反(fan)。

[疏]“又娶于陈”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：《陈(chen)国(guo)侯(hou)爵谱》云(yun)：“妫姓，虞(yu)舜之(zhi)后。当周之(zhi)兴，有虞(yu)遏父者为周陶(tao)正。武王赖其(qi)利器用(yong)，与其(qi)先圣之(zhi)后，以(yi)元女大姬妃(fei)遏父之(zhi)子(zi)满，封於(wu)陈(chen)，赐姓曰(yue)妫，号胡公(gong)。桓(huan)公(gong)二(er)(er)十三年(nian)，鲁隐(yin)公(gong)之(zhi)元年(nian)也。湣公(gong)二(er)(er)十一年(nian)，获麟(lin)之(zhi)岁也。二(er)(er)十四(si)年(nian)，楚灭陈(chen)。”此当桓(huan)公(gong)时。二(er)(er)妫，盖桓(huan)公(gong)姊妹也。

其娣戴妫(gui)，生桓公，庄(zhuang)姜以为(wei)(wei)已子(zi)。妫(gui)，陈姓也(ye)。厉、戴皆谥。虽为(wei)(wei)庄(zhuang)姜子(zi)，然大(da)子(zi)之位未定。

[疏]注“妫陈”至“未定”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：谥法：“暴(bao)慢无亲曰厉(li)。”典礼：“无愆曰戴。”是皆谥也。石碏(que)言(yan)：“将立州吁，乃定之矣。”请定州吁，明(ming)大子之位未(wei)定，《卫(wei)世家(jia)》言(yan)立完(wan)为大子，非也。

公子州吁，嬖人之子也。嬖，亲幸也。
　　○吁，混于反。嬖，必计反。贱而得幸曰嬖。有宠而好兵。公弗禁，庄姜恶之。石碏谏曰：“臣闻爱子，教之以义方，石碏，卫大夫。
　　○好，呼报反。禁，居鸩反，一音金。恶，乌路反。碏，七略反。弗纳於邪。骄、奢、淫、泆，所自邪也。四者之来，宠禄过也。将立州吁，乃定之矣。若犹未也，阶之为祸。言将立为太子，则宜早定。若不早定，州吁必缘宠而为祸。
　　○邪，似嗟(jie)反，下同。泆音(yin)逸。

[疏]“弗纳”至“过也”。
　　○正义曰：骄(jiao)谓(wei)恃已(yi)陵物，奢(she)谓(wei)夸(kua)矜僣上，淫谓(wei)耆欲过度(du)，泆谓(wei)放恣无艺。此(ci)四(si)(si)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)来，从邪(xie)(xie)(xie)而(er)起(qi)(qi)。故服(fu)虔云(yun)“言(yan)此(ci)四(si)(si)者(zhe)过从邪(xie)(xie)(xie)起(qi)(qi)”，是也。刘炫云(yun)：“此(ci)四(si)(si)者(zhe)所以自邪(xie)(xie)(xie)已(yi)身，言(yan)为之(zhi)(zhi)不已(yi)，将至(zhi)(zhi)於邪(xie)(xie)(xie)。邪(xie)(xie)(xie)谓(wei)恶逆之(zhi)(zhi)事。”刘又难服(fu)云(yun)：“邪(xie)(xie)(xie)是何(he)事，能起(qi)(qi)四(si)(si)过？若从邪(xie)(xie)(xie)起(qi)(qi)，何(he)须云(yun)四(si)(si)者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)来宠禄过也？宠禄岂是邪(xie)(xie)(xie)事，四(si)(si)者(zhe)得从而(er)来乎？且言(yan)弗纳於邪(xie)(xie)(xie)，惧其缘骄(jiao)以至(zhi)(zhi)於邪(xie)(xie)(xie)，非(fei)先邪(xie)(xie)(xie)而(er)后骄(jiao)也。”

夫宠而不骄，骄而能降，降而不憾，憾而能眕者，鲜矣。如此者少也。降其身则必恨，恨则思乱，不能自安自重。
　　○夫音扶，发句之端(duan)，后放(fang)此，憾，本又作感(gan)，同(tong)，胡暗反，恨也(ye)。五年同(tong)。眕(zhen)，之忍反，重也(ye)。鲜(xian)，息浅反，少也(ye)。

[疏]“夫宠而”至“鲜矣”。
　　○正义曰：恃君宠爱，未(wei)有不(bu)(bu)(bu)骄(jiao)。亦既(ji)(ji)骄(jiao)矜，必不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)降(jiang)其心。强(qiang)降(jiang)其心，未(wei)有不(bu)(bu)(bu)恨(hen)。亦既(ji)(ji)怨(yuan)恨(hen)，必不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)重其身。《释(shi)言(yan)(yan)》云：“眕，重也”。言(yan)(yan)恨(hen)则思(si)乱，必不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)自(zi)安(an)自(zi)重也。宠而(er)(er)必骄(jiao)，降(jiang)而(er)(er)必憾(han)，言(yan)(yan)其势必自(zi)然(ran)(ran)，故言(yan)(yan)其能(neng)(neng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)少(shao)也。骄(jiao)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)，憾(han)而(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)眕，言(yan)(yan)其心难自(zi)抑。故言(yan)(yan)其能(neng)(neng)然(ran)(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)少(shao)也。鲜(xian)训少(shao)。以一(yi)鲜(xian)总(zong)四事(shi)，言(yan)(yan)四事(shi)皆(jie)鲜(xian)也。

且夫贱妨贵，少陵长，远间亲，新间旧，小加大，小国而加兵於大国，如息侯伐郑之比。
　　○妨音芳。少，诗照反。长，丁丈(zhang)反。间(jian)，间(jian)厕之间(jian)，下同。比二反。淫(yin)破义(yi)，所谓六逆(ni)也(ye)。君(jun)义(yi)，臣行(xing)，父(fu)慈(ci)，子孝(xiao)，兄(xiong)爱，弟(di)敬，所谓六顺也(ye)。臣行(xing)君(jun)之义(yi)。

[疏]“贱妨”至“破义”。
　　○正义曰：贱妨贵，谓位有贵贱。少(shao)陵(ling)长(zhang)，谓年有长(zhang)幼。楚公子申多受小(xiao)国(guo)之(zhi)赂，以逼(bi)子重(zhong)、子辛(xin)，是(shi)贱人而(er)(er)妨贵人也。邾捷(jie)菑以弟而(er)(er)欲夺兄(xiong)位，是(shi)年少(shao)而(er)(er)陵(ling)年长(zhang)也。齐东郭(guo)偃、棠无咎专崔氏(shi)之(zhi)政，而(er)(er)侮崔成、崔彊，是(shi)疏远而(er)(er)间(jian)(jian)亲戚(qi)也。晋胥童、夷羊五得君宠，而(er)(er)去三郤，是(shi)新臣而(er)(er)间(jian)(jian)旧臣也。息伐郑，曹奸(jian)宋，是(shi)小(xiao)国(guo)而(er)(er)加(jia)(jia)(jia)大国(guo)也。陈灵、蔡景奸(jian)秽无度，是(shi)邪淫而(er)(er)破(po)(po)正义也。妨谓有所(suo)害。陵(ling)谓加(jia)(jia)(jia)尚之(zhi)。间(jian)(jian)谓居其间(jian)(jian)使彼(bi)疏远也。加(jia)(jia)(jia)亦加(jia)(jia)(jia)陵(ling)。破(po)(po)谓破(po)(po)散。淫义不两(liang)立，行恶则(ze)破(po)(po)善，故言(yan)破(po)(po)也。

去顺效逆，所以速祸也。君人者，将祸是务去，而速之，无乃不可乎！”弗听。其子厚与州吁游，禁之，不可。桓公立，乃老。老，致仕也。四年经书州吁弑其君，故传先经以始事。
　　○去，起吕反，下同(tong)。弑音试。先(xian)，悉荐反。

[疏]“去顺效逆”。
　　○正义曰：州吁於逆则少陵长，於顺则弟不敬，是去顺效逆也。六顺、六逆，因事广言，非谓州吁遍犯之也。
　　○注“老致”至“始事”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰(yue)：《礼》：“七(qi)十而(er)致事”，言(yan)还其所(suo)掌之事於(wu)君也。传之初始(shi)有此故言(yan)传先经以(yi)始(shi)事。馀(yu)不注，从可知也。

【经】四年，春，王二月，莒人伐杞，取牟娄。（无传。书“取”，言易也。例在襄十三年。杞国本都陈留雍丘县。推寻事迹，桓六年，淳于公亡国，杞似并之，迁都淳于；僖十四年，又迁缘陵；襄二十九年，晋人城杞之淳于，杞又迁都淳于。牟娄，杞邑，城阳诸县东比有娄乡。
　　○杞音起。牟，亡(wang)侯反(fan)。易，以豉反(fan)。雍，於(wu)用反(fan)。）

[疏]“莒人”至“牟娄”。
　　○正义曰：《谱》云：“杞，姒姓，夏禹之苗裔。武王克殷，求禹之后，得东楼公而封之於杞，今陈留雍丘县是也。九世及成公，迁缘陵，文公居淳于。成公始见《春秋》。湣公六年，获麟之岁也。湣公弟哀公三年，《春秋》之传终矣。哀公十年卒。自哀公以下，二世，十三年而楚灭杞。”检杞於此岁己见於经，桓二年有“杞侯来朝”，庄二十七年有“杞伯来朝”，於传并无号谥，又不书其卒。僖二十三年杞成公卒，其谥乃见於传。未知此年杞国定是何君，当是成公之父祖耳。牟娄，杞邑，莒伐取之。自是以后，常为莒邑。昭五年“莒牟夷以牟娄来奔”是也。文三年秦人伐晋，传称取王官及郊；襄二十三年齐侯伐晋，传称取朝歌：并书伐不书取。此伐、取两书者，彼告伐不告取，此伐、取并告故也。昭元年伐莒取郓，书“取”不书“伐”；昭十年伐莒取郠，书“伐”不书“取”者：元年兵未加莒而郓逆服，故书取不书伐；十年晋以取郠讨公，故书伐不书取。其伐国围邑，书围以否，亦从告也。
　　○注“书取”至“娄乡”。
　　○正义曰(yue)(yue)：襄十三(san)年(nian)(nian)传例曰(yue)(yue)：“凡书(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)，言易也(ye)(ye)。”知此书(shu)取(qu)(qu)(qu)亦言易也(ye)(ye)。《地(di)(di)理志(zhi)》云：“陈留郡(jun)县(xian)(xian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)杞(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)，武王封(feng)禹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后东(dong)(dong)楼公(gong)。”是(shi)杞(qi)(qi)(qi)本都陈留雍(yong)丘(qiu)(qiu)县(xian)(xian)也(ye)(ye)。《志(zhi)》又云：“北海郡(jun)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)县(xian)(xian)。”应劭曰(yue)(yue)：“《春(chun)秋》州(zhou)公(gong)如曹，《左氏传》曰(yue)(yue)：淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)如曹。”臣瓒(zan)案：“州(zhou)，国(guo)名(ming)，淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)都。”此淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)县(xian)(xian)於汉属北海郡(jun)，晋(jin)时属东(dong)(dong)莞(guan)郡(jun)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《释(shi)例·土地(di)(di)名(ming)》云：“州(zhou)国(guo)都於东(dong)(dong)莞(guan)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)县(xian)(xian)。”以(yi)(yi)雍(yong)丘(qiu)(qiu)、淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)虽(sui)郡(jun)别而竟(jing)连也(ye)(ye)。桓(huan)五年(nian)(nian)传称：“淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)如曹，度其(qi)国(guo)危，遂不(bu)复(fu)。”六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)春(chun)“实来”，虽(sui)知其(qi)国(guo)必(bi)灭，不(bu)知何(he)国(guo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。襄二(er)(er)十九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)晋(jin)帅诸侯(hou)(hou)“城杞(qi)(qi)(qi)”。昭元年(nian)(nian)祁午数赵文(wen)子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功云“城淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”。是(shi)知淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)即杞(qi)(qi)(qi)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都也(ye)(ye)。僖十四年(nian)(nian)“诸侯(hou)(hou)城缘陵(ling)(ling)而迁(qian)(qian)杞(qi)(qi)(qi)”，不(bu)知从(cong)何(he)而迁(qian)(qian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云“淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)亡国(guo)，疑(yi)(yi)似(si)并(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，而迁(qian)(qian)居其(qi)地(di)(di)。僖十四年(nian)(nian)又从(cong)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)而迁(qian)(qian)於缘陵(ling)(ling)。襄二(er)(er)十九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)又从(cong)缘陵(ling)(ling)而迁(qian)(qian)於淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。以(yi)(yi)无明文(wen)，疑(yi)(yi)不(bu)敢质，故(gu)(gu)(gu)言“推寻事迹(ji)”，似(si)当然(ran)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)为杞(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)并(bing)，定(ding)似(si)不(bu)虚，而迁(qian)(qian)都淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)未有(you)(you)事迹(ji)。自雍(yong)丘(qiu)(qiu)而迁(qian)(qian)缘陵(ling)(ling)，亦可(ke)知矣。而且(qie)必(bi)言迁(qian)(qian)都淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。又从(cong)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)迁(qian)(qian)缘陵(ling)(ling)者，以(yi)(yi)桓(huan)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)公(gong)亡国(guo)，襄二(er)(er)十九(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)又杞(qi)(qi)(qi)都淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)，则淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)始末是(shi)杞(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)有(you)(you)，又杞(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)都，故(gu)(gu)(gu)疑(yi)(yi)未都缘陵(ling)(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，亦都淳(chun)(chun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)。取(qu)(qu)(qu)国(guo)易者则直言“取(qu)(qu)(qu)”，若(ruo)(ruo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)邿、取(qu)(qu)(qu)鄟之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)须加“伐(fa)(fa)”於上。若(ruo)(ruo)其(qi)伐(fa)(fa)国(guo)取(qu)(qu)(qu)邑，其(qi)邑既小，不(bu)得(de)名(ming)通，若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)加“伐(fa)(fa)”於上，不(bu)知得(de)何(he)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邑，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)虽(sui)易亦加“伐(fa)(fa)”，文(wen)则“伐(fa)(fa)杞(qi)(qi)(qi)取(qu)(qu)(qu)牟(mou)娄”、“伐(fa)(fa)邾取(qu)(qu)(qu)须句”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。成二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)“取(qu)(qu)(qu)汶(wen)阳(yang)田”，乞师盟主，兴兵伐(fa)(fa)齐，得(de)邑既难，而亦书(shu)“取(qu)(qu)(qu)”者，因其(qi)伐(fa)(fa)齐，晋(jin)使还汶(wen)阳(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田，鲁(lu)不(bu)加兵，故(gu)(gu)(gu)书(shu)“取(qu)(qu)(qu)”，从(cong)易也(ye)(ye)。刘君或(huo)疑(yi)(yi)此意，遂云“上言伐(fa)(fa)，下言取(qu)(qu)(qu)者，非易”，以(yi)(yi)规杜氏，非也(ye)(ye)。

戊申，卫州吁弑其君完。称臣弑君，臣之罪也。例在宣四年。戊申，三月十七日，有日而无月。
　　○弑，本又作(zuo)杀，同，音(yin)试。凡弑君之例，皆放此，可以意求，不重音(yin)。完音(yin)丸。

[疏]注“称臣”至“无月”。
　　○正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)曰：宣四(si)年传(chuan)(chuan)例曰：“凡弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)：称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)，君(jun)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)道也(ye)(ye)；称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臣(chen)，臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)”。注云：“称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)，谓唯书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)君(jun)名(ming)(ming)。而(er)(er)(er)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)国以(yi)(yi)(yi)弑(shi)(shi)，言(yan)(yan)众所(suo)(suo)共绝也(ye)(ye)。称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臣(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)，谓书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)弑(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)来(lai)(lai)世(shi)，终为(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)义(yi)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)州吁(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)臣(chen)弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)，是(shi)(shi)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)完非无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)道，而(er)(er)(er)州吁(yu)为(wei)(wei)贼也(ye)(ye)。州吁(yu)实公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，而(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)，传(chuan)(chuan)文(wen)(wen)更无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)褒(bao)贬，直是(shi)(shi)告辞(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，史(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)详略(lve)耳。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)虽复非族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，而(er)(er)(er)文(wen)(wen)当(dang)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)处，《春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)否(fou)，大(da)有(you)(you)乖异，故(gu)(gu)(gu)杜备言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《释(shi)例》曰：“寻案《春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》诸(zhu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)於之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，甚多参差，而(er)(er)(er)先儒皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)例。欲(yu)讬之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於外赴(fu)，则(ze)(ze)患有(you)(you)人身自(zi)来(lai)(lai)者(zhe)(zhe)，例不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)合(he)，因以(yi)(yi)(yi)辟陋未赐(ci)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)为(wei)(wei)说。弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)四(si)事。州吁(yu)、无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)知(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)孙，贾(jia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)取国，故(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)国言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)商(shang)人亦(yi)弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)取国，而(er)(er)(er)独称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)宋(song)(song)督，贾(jia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)督有(you)(you)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心，故(gu)(gu)(gu)去(qu)(qu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。案传(chuan)(chuan)自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)先书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)见义(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)在於氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。宋(song)(song)万(wan)，贾(jia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)未赐(ci)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。案传(chuan)(chuan)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)南(nan)宫(gong)长万(wan)，则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)已氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)宫(gong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)未赐(ci)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)也(ye)(ye)。执杀(sha)大(da)夫(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)二(er)(er)(er)事，楚(chu)杀(sha)得(de)(de)臣(chen)与宜(yi)申(shen)(shen)，贾(jia)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)陋。案楚(chu)杀(sha)大(da)夫(fu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)侧、大(da)夫(fu)成(cheng)熊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等六七人，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei)独於此(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)(er)人陋也(ye)(ye)。欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)通例，则(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)若(ruo)(ruo)此(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)错。欲(yu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)义(yi)例，则(ze)(ze)传(chuan)(chuan)曰‘嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)名(ming)(ming)’、‘书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)曰仲(zhong)孙，嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)’、‘书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)曰崔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，非其(qi)(qi)罪’、‘翚、溺帅师，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)曰疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)’、‘称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，尊君(jun)命(ming)’、‘舍族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，尊夫(fu)人’、‘尊晋罪己’之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)，炳然(ran)著明。以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)推(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，知(zhi)亦(yi)非仲(zhong)尼(ni)(ni)所(suo)(suo)遗也(ye)(ye)。斯盖非史(shi)(shi)策旧(jiu)法，故(gu)(gu)(gu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)凡例。当(dang)时诸(zhu)国，以(yi)(yi)(yi)意而(er)(er)(er)赴(fu)，其(qi)(qi)或(huo)(huo)(huo)自(zi)来(lai)(lai)聘使者(zhe)(zhe)，辞(ci)有(you)(you)详略(lve)。仲(zhong)尼(ni)(ni)脩《春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》，因采以(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)义(yi)。义(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)起，则(ze)(ze)刊(kan)而(er)(er)(er)定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；不(bu)(bu)(bu)者(zhe)(zhe)即因而(er)(er)(er)示(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)刊(kan)正(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)蔡人嘉赴(fu)，而(er)(er)(er)经(jing)(jing)(jing)从称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)季。传(chuan)(chuan)曰：蔡人嘉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)崔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。传(chuan)(chuan)亦(yi)曰：且告以(yi)(yi)(yi)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，明皆(jie)(jie)(jie)从其(qi)(qi)本也(ye)(ye)。书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)司马华(hua)孙来(lai)(lai)盟，亦(yi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)他比(bi)，知(zhi)非大(da)例也(ye)(ye)。然(ran)则(ze)(ze)总而(er)(er)(er)推(tui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，《春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卿(qing)，当(dang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)备书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)於经(jing)(jing)(jing)。其(qi)(qi)加贬损，则(ze)(ze)直称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人。若(ruo)(ruo)有(you)(you)褒(bao)异，则(ze)(ze)或(huo)(huo)(huo)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)官，或(huo)(huo)(huo)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。若(ruo)(ruo)内卿(qing)有(you)(you)贬，则(ze)(ze)特称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名(ming)(ming)，文(wen)(wen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)直言(yan)(yan)鲁(lu)人，故(gu)(gu)(gu)异於外也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)褒(bao)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)贬，传(chuan)(chuan)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)发者(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)就旧(jiu)文(wen)(wen)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)未赐(ci)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)，或(huo)(huo)(huo)时有(you)(you)详略(lve)也(ye)(ye)。推(tui)寻经(jing)(jing)(jing)文(wen)(wen)，自(zi)庄公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，诸(zhu)弑(shi)(shi)君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下皆(jie)(jie)(jie)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，亦(yi)足(zu)明时史(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异同(tong)，非仲(zhong)尼(ni)(ni)所(suo)(suo)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)刊(kan)也(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)(shi)杜解州吁(yu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。杜知(zhi)然(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)，正(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)常(chang)比(bi)例。褒(bao)则(ze)(ze)或(huo)(huo)(huo)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)官，或(huo)(huo)(huo)书(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)；贬则(ze)(ze)或(huo)(huo)(huo)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)人，或(huo)(huo)(huo)去(qu)(qu)族(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)。既(ji)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)定(ding)例，明非旧(jiu)典。仲(zhong)尼(ni)(ni)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)起发，则(ze)(ze)刊(kan)正(zheng)(zheng)旧(jiu)史(shi)(shi)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)褒(bao)贬，则(ze)(ze)因循故(gu)(gu)(gu)策。仲(zhong)尼(ni)(ni)改者(zhe)(zhe)，传(chuan)(chuan)辨其(qi)(qi)由(you)。传(chuan)(chuan)所(suo)(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)，则(ze)(ze)知(zhi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)义(yi)。正(zheng)(zheng)是(shi)(shi)史(shi)(shi)官自(zi)有(you)(you)详略(lve)故(gu)(gu)(gu)耳。戊(wu)申(shen)(shen)在癸(gui)未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后二(er)(er)(er)十五日，更盈一(yi)周，则(ze)(ze)八十五日。往年十二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)癸(gui)未葬宋(song)(song)穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)年二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)有(you)(you)戊(wu)申(shen)(shen)。虽承二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下，未必(bi)是(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《长历》推(tui)此(ci)(ci)(ci)年二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)癸(gui)亥朔(shuo)，十日壬申(shen)(shen)，二(er)(er)(er)十二(er)(er)(er)日甲申(shen)(shen)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)有(you)(you)戊(wu)申(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)。三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)壬辰朔(shuo)，则(ze)(ze)十七日有(you)(you)戊(wu)申(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)(jing)上有(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，下有(you)(you)夏，得(de)(de)在三(san)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内，不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)字(zi)误，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云有(you)(you)日而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。僖二(er)(er)(er)十八年冬下无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，而(er)(er)(er)经(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)“壬申(shen)(shen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)朝(chao)于(yu)王所(suo)(suo)”，有(you)(you)日而(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，经(jing)(jing)(jing)有(you)(you)比(bi)类，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)同(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凡如此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)有(you)(you)十四(si)事。

夏，公及宋(song)公遇于清。遇者，草(cao)次之期，二国各简其礼，若道路相逢遇也。清，卫邑，济北东阿县有清亭。

[疏]注“遇者”至“清亭”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：《曲礼(li)(li)下(xia)》云：“诸侯未(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)曰(yue)遇，相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)於郤地(di)曰(yue)会(hui)(hui)。”然(ran)则(ze)会(hui)(hui)者(zhe)豫谋间地(di)，克期(qi)(qi)(qi)聚集，训上(shang)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)则(ze)，制财用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节，示威於众，各重其礼(li)(li)。虽特(te)会(hui)(hui)一国，若(ruo)二(er)国以(yi)(yi)上(shang)，皆(jie)称会(hui)(hui)也(ye)。遇者(zhe)或(huo)未(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)会(hui)(hui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)，或(huo)暂须(xu)相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)，各简(jian)(jian)其礼(li)(li)，若(ruo)道路(lu)相(xiang)(xiang)逢遇然(ran)。此(ci)时宋、鲁特(te)会(hui)(hui)，欲寻旧盟(meng)，未(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)会(hui)(hui)期(qi)(qi)(qi)。卫来告乱(luan)，故二(er)国相(xiang)(xiang)遇。若(ruo)三国简(jian)(jian)礼(li)(li)亦(yi)曰(yue)遇。故庄四年“齐侯、陈侯、郑(zheng)伯遇于垂”是也(ye)。《曲礼(li)(li)》称“未(wei)(wei)及(ji)(ji)期(qi)(qi)(qi)而相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)”，指此(ci)类也(ye)。《周礼(li)(li)》“冬(dong)见(jian)曰(yue)遇”，则(ze)与此(ci)别。刘贾(jia)以(yi)(yi)遇者(zhe)用(yong)冬(dong)遇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)，故杜难之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《释例》曰(yue)：“遇者(zhe)，仓卒(zu)简(jian)(jian)仪，若(ruo)道路(lu)相(xiang)(xiang)逢遇者(zhe)耳(er)。《周礼(li)(li)》‘诸侯冬(dong)见(jian)天(tian)子(zi)曰(yue)遇’，刘氏(shi)因此(ci)名以(yi)(yi)说《春(chun)秋》，自与传违。案《礼(li)(li)》‘春(chun)曰(yue)朝，夏曰(yue)宗(zong)，秋曰(yue)觐(jin)，冬(dong)曰(yue)遇’，此(ci)四时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。今者(zhe)《春(chun)秋》不(bu)皆(jie)同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於《礼(li)(li)》。冬(dong)见(jian)天(tian)子(zi)，当是百官(guan)备(bei)物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，而云遇礼(li)(li)简(jian)(jian)易(yi)；经书‘季姬及(ji)(ji)鄫子(zi)遇于防’，此(ci)妇呼夫共朝，岂当复用(yong)见(jian)天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)？於理皆(jie)违。”是言《春(chun)秋》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遇与《周礼(li)(li)》冬(dong)遇异也(ye)。草次，犹造(zao)次。造(zao)次，仓卒(zu)，皆(jie)迫促不(bu)暇(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。

宋(song)公、陈侯、蔡人、卫人伐郑。

秋，翚帅师会宋公、陈侯、蔡人、卫人伐郑。公子翚，鲁大夫。不称公子，疾其固请，强君以不义也。诸外大夫贬，皆称人，至於内大夫贬，则皆去族称名。於记事之体，他国可言某人，而已鲁之卿佐，不得言鲁人，此所以为异也。翚、溺，去族，传曰“疾之”，叔孙豹则曰“言违命”，此其例也。
　　○翚(hui)，许归反。强(qiang)，其(qi)丈反。去，起吕反，下同(tong)。溺，乃历(li)反。

[疏]注“他国”至“鲁人”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：案“郑伯使(shi)宛(wan)来归(gui)祊，庚(geng)寅我(wo)入祊”，及“齐侯伐我(wo)北(bei)鄙(bi)”，及“我(wo)师败绩”，然鲁(lu)事皆(jie)得称(cheng)“我(wo)”，则(ze)已之(zhi)(zhi)卿佐被(bei)贬，亦可称(cheng)“我(wo)人”，所以不然者，凡云“我(wo)”者皆(jie)上(shang)有(you)他(ta)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)辞，故对他(ta)称(cheng)我(wo)；鲁(lu)人出会他(ta)国(guo)，上(shang)未有(you)他(ta)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)文，不可发首言“我(wo)人”故也。

九月，卫人杀州吁于濮。州吁弑君而立，未列於会，故不称君。例在成十六年。濮，陈地，水名。
　　○濮音卜。

[疏]注“州吁”至“水名”。
　　○正义曰：春秋之(zhi)(zhi)世，王(wang)政不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行，赏罚之(zhi)(zhi)柄，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在天子。弑(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)取国，为(wei)罪虽大，若已列於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸侯(hou)(hou)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)者(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)讨也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)有臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)，即(ji)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)弑(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)无异(yi)。未(wei)(wei)必礼法当然(ran)，要其(qi)时俗(su)如是(shi)。宣公杀(sha)恶(e)取国，纳赂於(wu)(wu)(wu)齐(qi)以(yi)(yi)请(qing)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，传(chuan)曰：“会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)于平州(zhou)以(yi)(yi)定公位。”杜云：“篡立者(zhe)(zhe)，诸侯(hou)(hou)既(ji)(ji)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得复(fu)讨，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)弑(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)公与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)齐(qi)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)而(er)位定。”是(shi)其(qi)义也(ye)(ye)。《释例(li)(li)》又云：“诸侯(hou)(hou)篡立，虽以(yi)(yi)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)诸侯(hou)(hou)为(wei)正，此列国之(zhi)(zhi)制也(ye)(ye)。至於(wu)(wu)(wu)国内，策(ce)名(ming)委质，即(ji)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)分定，故(gu)(gu)(gu)诸杀(sha)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)，亦(yi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)义。”然(ran)杜前注云：“篡立者(zhe)(zhe)，诸侯(hou)(hou)既(ji)(ji)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)弑(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。”则(ze)(ze)(ze)若未(wei)(wei)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)诸侯(hou)(hou)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)弑(shi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。似与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《释例(li)(li)》违者(zhe)(zhe)。《释例(li)(li)》所云“诸弑(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，亦(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)义”者(zhe)(zhe)，即(ji)庄九年(nian)(nian)齐(qi)人(ren)杀(sha)无知，及此年(nian)(nian)卫(wei)人(ren)杀(sha)州(zhou)吁，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)未(wei)(wei)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)诸侯(hou)(hou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)书爵，犹不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从两下相杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)例(li)(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云亦(yi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong)(tong)(tong)义。若既(ji)(ji)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)诸侯(hou)(hou)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)弑(shi)称(cheng)爵，则(ze)(ze)(ze)文十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)“齐(qi)人(ren)弑(shi)其(qi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)商人(ren)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。曹(cao)伯负刍杀(sha)其(qi)大子而(er)自立，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)十(shi)五年(nian)(nian)诸侯(hou)(hou)“同(tong)(tong)(tong)盟于戚”。曹(cao)伯既(ji)(ji)列於(wu)(wu)(wu)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，然(ran)后(hou)晋(jin)人(ren)执之(zhi)(zhi)。十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)传(chuan)称(cheng)“曹(cao)人(ren)请(qing)于晋(jin)曰，若有罪，则(ze)(ze)(ze)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)列诸会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)矣(yi)”，是(shi)列会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)即(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)矣(yi)。此州(zhou)吁未(wei)(wei)列於(wu)(wu)(wu)会(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)称(cheng)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，曹(cao)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)辞，即(ji)是(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)例(li)(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云例(li)(li)在成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)十(shi)六年(nian)(nian)。杀(sha)之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)濮(pu)，谓(wei)死於(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)旁也(ye)(ye)。《释例(li)(li)·土地名(ming)》此濮(pu)下注云“阙(que)”。哀二(er)十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)传(chuan)濮(pu)下注云：“濮(pu)自陈留酸枣县(xian)受(shou)河，东北经济阴，至高平钜野县(xian)入济。”彼濮(pu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)此名(ming)同(tong)(tong)(tong)实异(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)杜於(wu)(wu)(wu)此不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)阙(que)，直云“濮(pu)，陈地，水(shui)名(ming)”。

冬，十有(you)二月，卫人立(li)晋。卫人逆公子晋而立(li)之，善(shan)其得众，故不书(shu)入於卫，变文(wen)以示(shi)义。例(li)在(zai)成十八年。

[疏]注“卫人”至“八年”。
　　○正义曰：成十八年传例曰：“凡去其国，国逆而立之(zhi)曰入(ru)。”此(ci)公(gong)子晋去卫(wei)居(ju)邢，卫(wei)人(ren)迎而立之(zhi)，於法(fa)正当书“入(ru)”，宜与齐(qi)小(xiao)白同文(wen)(wen)。传言书曰：“卫(wei)人(ren)立晋，众也。”是仲尼善其得众，故改常例，变文(wen)(wen)以示(shi)义也。

【传】四年，春(chun)，卫(wei)州吁弑桓公而立(li)。公与宋公为会，将寻宿之(zhi)盟(meng)。未及期，卫(wei)人来告乱。

夏，公(gong)及宋公(gong)遇于清(qing)。宿盟在元年。

宋(song)殇公之(zhi)即(ji)位也，公子冯(feng)出奔郑，郑人(ren)欲纳之(zhi)。及卫州吁立，将脩(xiu)先君之(zhi)怨(yuan)(yuan)於郑，谓(wei)二(er)年郑人(ren)伐卫之(zhi)怨(yuan)(yuan)。

[疏]注“谓二”至“之怨”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：二年(nian)(nian)(nian)伐卫见(jian)经，故以(yi)(yi)属之，未必(bi)往前更无怨也。《卫世(shi)(shi)家》称，桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)十六年(nian)(nian)(nian)，乃(nai)为州吁所弑。则隐之二年(nian)(nian)(nian)，当(dang)桓之世(shi)(shi)。服虔以(yi)(yi)先君为庄公(gong)(gong)(gong)，非(fei)也。何(he)则？宣(xuan)(xuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)烝夷姜生(sheng)急(ji)子，公(gong)(gong)(gong)纳急(ji)子之妻生(sheng)寿(shou)及朔，朔能(neng)构兄，寿(shou)能(neng)代死(si)(si)，则是年(nian)(nian)(nian)皆长矣(yi)。宣(xuan)(xuan)公(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)此年(nian)(nian)(nian)即位，桓十二年(nian)(nian)(nian)卒，终始二十矣(yi)。虽寿(shou)之死(si)(si)，未知何(he)岁。急(ji)子之娶(qu)，当(dang)在(zai)宣(xuan)(xuan)初。若隐之二年(nian)(nian)(nian)，庄公(gong)(gong)(gong)犹在(zai)，岂於父在(zai)之时已得烝父妾(qie)生(sheng)急(ji)子也？《史记》虽多谬(miu)误，此当(dang)信然(ran)。

而求宠於诸侯，以和其民。诸篡立者，诸侯既与之会，则不复讨，故欲求此宠。
　　○篡，初患反。复，扶又反，下文复伐同。使告於宋曰：“君若伐郑以除君害，害谓宋公子冯。君为主，敝邑以赋与陈、蔡从，则卫国之愿也。”言举国之赋调。
　　○从，才用反。调(diao)，徒吊(diao)反。宋人许之。於是陈(chen)、蔡(cai)方睦於卫。蔡(cai)，今汝南上蔡(cai)县。

[疏]注“蔡今”至“蔡县”。
　　○正义曰：《蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)国侯爵谱(pu)》云：“蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，姬姓，文(wen)王(wang)(wang)子(zi)叔度(du)之(zhi)后也(ye)。武王(wang)(wang)封之(zhi)於(wu)汝(ru)南上蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，为蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)侯，作乱，见诛。其子(zi)蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)仲，成王(wang)(wang)复封之(zhi)於(wu)蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。至平侯，徙(xi)新蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)，昭侯徙(xi)九(jiu)江下蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。宣侯二十八(ba)年(nian)，鲁隐公之(zhi)元年(nian)也(ye)。昭侯子(zi)成侯十年(nian)，获麟(lin)之(zhi)岁也(ye)。成侯子(zi)声(sheng)侯四(si)(si)年(nian)，《春秋》之(zhi)传终矣。声(sheng)侯十四(si)(si)年(nian)卒。自声(sheng)侯以下，二世，二十八(ba)年(nian)，而楚灭蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。”《地理志(zhi)》云：“汝(ru)南上蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)县，故(gu)蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)国，周武王(wang)(wang)弟叔度(du)所封。”

“故宋公、陈侯、蔡人、卫人伐郑，围其东门，五日而还。公问於众仲曰：“卫州吁其成乎？”众仲，鲁大夫。对曰：“臣闻以德和民，不闻以乱。乱谓阻兵而安忍。以乱，犹治丝而棼之也。丝见棼缊，益所以乱。
　　○棼，扶(fu)云(yun)反，乱(luan)也。缊，於云(yun)反。夫州吁，阻兵(bing)而安忍(ren)。阻兵(bing)无众，安忍(ren)无亲，众叛亲离，难以济(ji)矣。恃兵(bing)则(ze)民残，民残则(ze)众叛，安忍(ren)则(ze)刑过(guo)，刑过(guo)则(ze)亲离。

[疏]“阻兵而安忍”。
　　○正义曰：阻恃(shi)诸国之兵以(yi)求胜(sheng)，而征伐不已。安忍，行虐(nve)事，刑杀过度(du)也。

夫兵，犹火也，弗戢，将自焚也。夫州吁弑其君，而虐用其民，於是乎不务令德，而欲以乱成，必不免矣。”
　　○戢(ji)，庄(zhuang)立(li)反(fan)。

秋(qiu)，诸侯复伐郑。宋公(gong)使来乞(qi)师(shi)，乞(qi)师(shi)不书，非卿(qing)。公(gong)辞(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。从众仲(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言。羽(yu)父(fu)(fu)请以师(shi)会之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，羽(yu)父(fu)(fu)，公(gong)子翚。公(gong)弗许(xu)。固请而行，故书曰“翚帅(shuai)师(shi)”，疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。

[疏]“故书”至“疾之也”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：案元年传：“邾人、郑人盟于翼。公子豫(yu)请往，公不(bu)许(xu)，遂行。”彼则不(bu)书(shu)，又不(bu)加(jia)贬责；此(ci)公子翚之(zhi)行，公亦不(bu)许(xu)，而(er)书(shu)於经，又加(jia)贬责者；公子豫(yu)，公不(bu)许(xu)，私(si)窃而(er)行；翚师强梁，固请公，事不(bu)获已(yi)，令(ling)其出(chu)会，故以(yi)君命而(er)书(shu)，又加(jia)贬责。

诸侯之师，败郑徒兵，取其禾而还。时郑不车战。

州(zhou)(zhou)吁未(wei)能和其(qi)民，厚问定君於石子。石子，石碏也，以州(zhou)(zhou)吁不安谘其(qi)父。石子曰：“王(wang)觐为可。”

[疏]“王觐为可”。
　　○正义曰：於(wu)王处(chu)行(xing)觐礼，此事是为(wei)可也。

曰：“何以得觐？”曰：“陈桓公方有宠於王，陈、卫方睦，若朝陈使请，必可得也。”厚从州吁如陈。石碏使告于陈曰：“卫国褊小，老夫耄矣，无能为也。此二人者，实弑寡君，敢即图之！”八十曰耄。称国小已老，自谦以委陈，使因其往就图之。
　　○觐，其靳反，见也。朝，直遥反，后不出者皆放此。褊，必浅反，一音必殄反。耄，毛报反。陈人执之，而请莅于卫。请卫人自临讨之。
　　○莅音利，又音类，临也。九月，卫人使右宰丑莅杀州吁于濮，石碏使其宰獳羊肩莅杀石厚于陈。君子曰：“石碏，纯臣也。恶州吁而厚与焉。‘大义灭亲’，其是之谓乎！”子从弑君之贼，国之大逆，不可不除，故曰大义灭亲。明小义则常兼子爱之。
　　○獳，奴侯反。恶乌路(lu)反。与焉，音预(yu)。

卫人逆公子晋于邢。冬，十二月，宣公即位。公子晋也。
　　○邢音刑，国名。

[疏]“宣公即位”。
　　○正义曰：贼讨乃立，自继前(qian)君(jun)，故(gu)不(bu)待(dai)逾年也。书(shu)曰“卫人(ren)立晋”，众也。

【经】五年，春，公矢鱼(yu)(yu)于棠。（书陈鱼(yu)(yu)，以示非(fei)礼(li)也。书棠，讥远地也。今高平方与县北有武(wu)唐亭，鲁侯(hou)观鱼(yu)(yu)台(tai)。）

[疏]注“书陈”至“鱼台”。
　　○正义曰：陈(chen)鱼(yu)者，兽(shou)猎之类，谓(wei)使捕(bu)鱼(yu)之人陈(chen)设取(qu)鱼(yu)之备(bei)，观其(qi)(qi)取(qu)鱼(yu)以(yi)为戏乐(le)，非谓(wei)既(ji)取(qu)得鱼(yu)而(er)陈(chen)列之也(ye)。其(qi)(qi)实观鱼(yu)而(er)书(shu)陈(chen)鱼(yu)者，国君爵位(wei)尊(zun)重，非蒐狩大事(shi)则(ze)不当(dang)亲(qin)行，公故遣(qian)陈(chen)鱼(yu)而(er)观其(qi)(qi)捕(bu)获(huo)，主讥(ji)其(qi)(qi)陈(chen)，故书(shu)陈(chen)鱼(yu)，以(yi)示(shi)非礼(li)也(ye)。传曰“非礼(li)也(ye)，且言(yan)远地(di)”，故知书(shu)棠，讥(ji)远地(di)也(ye)。

夏(xia)，四月，葬卫桓公。

秋，卫师入郕。将卑师众，但称师，此史之常也。
　　○郕(cheng)音成，国名。将，子匠反。

九月，考仲子之宫，初献六羽。成仲子宫，安其主而祭之。惠公以仲子手文，娶之，欲以为夫人。诸侯无二嫡，盖隐公成父之志，为别立宫也。公问羽数，故书羽。妇人无谥，因姓以名宫。
　　○嫡，丁历反。为(wei)别，于伪反。

[疏]“九月”至“六羽”。
　　○正义曰：三年之内，木主特祀於寝宫。庙初成，木主迁入其中，设祭以安神也。祭则有乐，故初献六羽。初，始也。往前用八，今乃用六也。献者奏也，奏进声乐以娱神也。六羽谓六行之人，秉羽舞也。
　　○注“成仲”至“名宫”。
　　○正(zheng)(zheng)义曰：“考(kao)(kao)(kao)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”，《释(shi)诂》文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)“初献(xian)六(liu)羽(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓初始(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)献(xian)，非(fei)在后(hou)恒用(yong)。知者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案宣十(shi)五年(nian)“初税亩(mu)”，杜云(yun)“遂以(yi)为(wei)(wei)常，故(gu)云(yun)初”。杜於此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)解(jie)“初”义，明不(bu)(bu)与彼同(tong)。故(gu)《春秋》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)经有(you)文同(tong)事(shi)异(yi)，如此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。注以(yi)祭(ji)(ji)文不(bu)(bu)见，故(gu)辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)云(yun)：“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)仲子(zi)(zi)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，安其(qi)(qi)主而(er)(er)(er)(er)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”以(yi)其(qi)(qi)与“献(xian)羽(yu)(yu)”连文，知“考(kao)(kao)(kao)”谓祭(ji)(ji)以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非(fei)谓始(shi)筑(zhu)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又解(jie)立宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，惠公(gong)以(yi)仲子(zi)(zi)手有(you)“夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文，因即(ji)娶(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，虽不(bu)(bu)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)，有(you)欲(yu)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。礼(li)，“诸侯(hou)不(bu)(bu)再娶(qu)”，於法(fa)无(wu)二適。孟子(zi)(zi)入(ru)(ru)惠公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)，仲子(zi)(zi)无(wu)享(xiang)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所。盖隐公(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志，为(wei)(wei)别立宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。仲子(zi)(zi)以(yi)二年(nian)十(shi)二月(yue)薨，四年(nian)十(shi)二月(yue)已(yi)再期矣，丧(sang)毕即(ji)应入(ru)(ru)庙(miao)(miao)。至(zhi)此(ci)(ci)始(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，仲子(zi)(zi)立庙(miao)(miao)本非(fei)正(zheng)(zheng)法(fa)。丧(sang)服既终，将为(wei)(wei)吉(ji)祭(ji)(ji)，主无(wu)祭(ji)(ji)处，始(shi)议立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)晚成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。传(chuan)(chuan)云(yun)“始(shi)用(yong)六(liu)佾(yi)”。不(bu)(bu)书(shu)(shu)“佾(yi)”而(er)(er)(er)(er)书(shu)(shu)“羽(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)公(gong)问(wen)羽(yu)(yu)数(shu)，故(gu)书(shu)(shu)羽(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。妇人(ren)(ren)法(fa)不(bu)(bu)当(dang)谥，仲子(zi)(zi)无(wu)谥，故(gu)因姓以(yi)名宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。立宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)必(bi)书(shu)(shu)於策，羽(yu)(yu)则(ze)(ze)非(fei)当(dang)所书(shu)(shu)，善其(qi)(qi)复正(zheng)(zheng)，故(gu)书(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。传(chuan)(chuan)载众(zhong)仲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)对(dui)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)公(gong)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是其(qi)(qi)善之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。为(wei)(wei)书(shu)(shu)六(liu)羽(yu)(yu)，故(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)考(kao)(kao)(kao)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)因考(kao)(kao)(kao)以(yi)献(xian)羽(yu)(yu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若不(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)羽(yu)(yu)，当(dang)云(yun)立仲子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，如立武宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、炀(yang)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)然(ran)，不(bu)(bu)须言(yan)(yan)(yan)考(kao)(kao)(kao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《礼(li)·杂记(ji)》下(xia)云(yun)“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)庙(miao)(miao)则(ze)(ze)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，“路寝成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)则(ze)(ze)考(kao)(kao)(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)”，以(yi)庙(miao)(miao)则(ze)(ze)当(dang)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)，寝则(ze)(ze)当(dang)考(kao)(kao)(kao)。此(ci)(ci)庙(miao)(miao)言(yan)(yan)(yan)考(kao)(kao)(kao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，考(kao)(kao)(kao)是成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)就之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义。庙(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)鬼(gui)神(shen)(shen)所居(ju)(ju)，祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。寝则(ze)(ze)生人(ren)(ren)所宅，饮(yin)食以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《杂记(ji)》注云(yun)“路寝者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，生人(ren)(ren)所居(ju)(ju)，不(bu)(bu)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。考(kao)(kao)(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，设(she)盛(sheng)食以(yi)落之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庙(miao)(miao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，尊而(er)(er)(er)(er)神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，盖木主未(wei)入(ru)(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)已(yi)行衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)礼(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《杂记(ji)》衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)云(yun)：“祝、宗人(ren)(ren)、宰(zai)夫(fu)(fu)、雍人(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)爵(jue)弁纯衣，雍人(ren)(ren)拭羊(yang)，宗人(ren)(ren)视(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，宰(zai)夫(fu)(fu)北面(mian)(mian)于碑南，东上。雍人(ren)(ren)举(ju)羊(yang)升(sheng)屋(wu)，自中(zhong)，中(zhong)屋(wu)南面(mian)(mian)，刲羊(yang)，血流于前(qian)，乃(nai)降。门(men)(men)、夹(jia)(jia)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)用(yong)鸡(ji)，先门(men)(men)而(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)夹(jia)(jia)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)衈皆(jie)(jie)於屋(wu)下(xia)。割鸡(ji)，门(men)(men)，当(dang)门(men)(men)；夹(jia)(jia)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。有(you)司皆(jie)(jie)乡(xiang)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)立，门(men)(men)则(ze)(ze)有(you)司当(dang)门(men)(men)北面(mian)(mian)。既事(shi)，宗人(ren)(ren)告(gao)事(shi)毕，乃(nai)皆(jie)(jie)退。”是衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。此(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)考(kao)(kao)(kao)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)献(xian)羽(yu)(yu)，自为(wei)(wei)主已(yi)入(ru)(ru)庙(miao)(miao)，则(ze)(ze)祭(ji)(ji)以(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非(fei)衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)礼(li)，与彼异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)《公(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰：“考(kao)(kao)(kao)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何？考(kao)(kao)(kao)犹(you)入(ru)(ru)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，始(shi)祭(ji)(ji)仲子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是谓祭(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)考(kao)(kao)(kao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。服虔云(yun)：“宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)庙(miao)(miao)初成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，名为(wei)(wei)考(kao)(kao)(kao)。将纳仲子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，故(gu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)致其(qi)(qi)五祀(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)，以(yi)坚(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”其(qi)(qi)意(yi)谓考(kao)(kao)(kao)即(ji)是衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《杂记(ji)》，衅(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，止有(you)鸡(ji)羊(yang)；既不(bu)(bu)用(yong)乐，何由(you)献(xian)羽(yu)(yu)？言(yan)(yan)(yan)将纳仲子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，则(ze)(ze)是仍未(wei)入(ru)(ru)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。然(ran)则(ze)(ze)作乐献(xian)羽(yu)(yu)，敬(jing)事(shi)何神(shen)(shen)？考(kao)(kao)(kao)仲子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，唯当(dang)祭(ji)(ji)仲子(zi)(zi)耳，又安得致五祀(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)乎？苏(su)氏云(yun)：不(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，桓宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、僖宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)公(gong)，则(ze)(ze)仲子(zi)(zi)例不(bu)(bu)合称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)夫(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)庙(miao)(miao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，於经例周公(gong)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大庙(miao)(miao)，群(qun)公(gong)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，故(gu)仲子(zi)(zi)依例称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然(ran)，案文十(shi)三年(nian)“大室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屋(wu)坏”，大庙(miao)(miao)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓大庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)屋(wu)坏耳。若传(chuan)(chuan)文，则(ze)(ze)大庙(miao)(miao)或(huo)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，即(ji)“大宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)椽”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，群(qun)公(gong)或(huo)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)庙(miao)(miao)，即(ji)“同(tong)宗於祖(zu)庙(miao)(miao)”，“同(tong)族(zu)於祢庙(miao)(miao)”，是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

邾(zhu)人、郑人伐宋。邾(zhu)主兵，故序郑上。

[疏]注“邾主”至“郑上”。
　　○正义曰：天下有道(dao)，诸(zhu)侯不得专行征伐。春秋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，专行征伐，以(yi)其不禀王命，故以(yi)主(zhu)兵为首(shou)。虽小国主(zhu)兵，即序(xu)(xu)(xu)於大国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，欲(yu)见伐由其国，善恶(e)所归故也(ye)。虽大夫(fu)为主(zhu)，国君从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦序(xu)(xu)(xu)主(zhu)兵於上(shang)。僖二十(shi)七年“楚(chu)人、陈侯、蔡侯、郑伯、许男围宋”，注云：“传言楚(chu)子使子玉去宋。经书‘人’者，耻不得志(zhi)。以(yi)微者告，犹序(xu)(xu)(xu)诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，楚(chu)主(zhu)兵故。”是微人主(zhu)兵，亦序(xu)(xu)(xu)国君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)，史策(ce)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常法也(ye)。

螟。无传。蟲食苗心者为灾，故书。
　　○螟，亡于(yu)反。

[疏]注“蟲食”至“故书”。
　　○正义曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：《释(shi)蟲(chong)》云：“食(shi)苗心，螟(ming)(ming)。食(shi)叶(ye)，<虫(chong)(chong)貣>。食(shi)节，贼。食(shi)根，蟊(mao)。”舍人曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“食(shi)苗心者(zhe)(zhe)名(ming)(ming)螟(ming)(ming)，言(yan)冥(ming)(ming)冥(ming)(ming)然难知也。”李巡(xun)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“食(shi)禾心为(wei)螟(ming)(ming)，言(yan)其奸冥(ming)(ming)冥(ming)(ming)难知也。食(shi)禾叶(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)其假貣无厌，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)<虫(chong)(chong)貣>也。食(shi)其节者(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)其贪(tan)狼(lang)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)贼也。食(shi)其根者(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)其税取万民财货(huo)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)蟊(mao)也。”孙炎(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“皆政贪(tan)所(suo)(suo)致，因以(yi)(yi)为(wei)名(ming)(ming)。”郭璞曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“分(fen)(fen)别(bie)蟲(chong)啖(dan)食(shi)禾所(suo)(suo)在(zai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)耳(er)。”李巡(xun)、孙炎(yan)以(yi)(yi)政致为(wei)名(ming)(ming)，舍人、郭璞以(yi)(yi)食(shi)处为(wei)名(ming)(ming)。陆机(ji)《疏》云：“旧说螟(ming)(ming)、<虫(chong)(chong)貣>、蟊(mao)、贼，一(yi)种蟲(chong)也，如言(yan)寇、贼、奸、宄，内外(wai)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳(er)。故(gu)犍为(wei)文学(xue)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：此(ci)四种蟲(chong)皆蝗也。实不同(tong)，故(gu)分(fen)(fen)别(bie)释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”然则螟(ming)(ming)，非以(yi)(yi)蟲(chong)名(ming)(ming)，以(yi)(yi)食(shi)苗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处为(wei)名(ming)(ming)耳(er)。

冬，十有二月，辛巳，公子彄卒。大夫书卒不书葬。葬者臣子之事，非公家所及。
　　○彄，苦侯反。

[疏(shu)]注“大夫(fu)”至“所(suo)(suo)及”。正义(yi)曰：《檀弓》下云：“君(jun)(jun)於(wu)大夫(fu)，将葬(zang)，吊於(wu)宫。”君(jun)(jun)亲吊之而不(bu)(bu)书者，吊丧(sang)问疾，人道之常(chang)，假有得(de)失，不(bu)(bu)足(zu)褒(bao)贬(bian)，如此小(xiao)事，例皆不(bu)(bu)书。葬(zang)若国(guo)(guo)家所(suo)(suo)营，则亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)书。大夫(fu)之葬(zang)，皆臣子自为，非公家所(suo)(suo)及，事不(bu)(bu)关国(guo)(guo)，无以(yi)得(de)书葬(zang)也。他(ta)国(guo)(guo)之君(jun)(jun)书葬(zang)者，遣(qian)使往(wang)会，须书君(jun)(jun)命(ming)故(gu)耳。

宋人(ren)伐郑，围长(zhang)葛。颍川(chuan)长(zhang)社(she)县北(bei)有长(zhang)葛城。

【传】五年，春，公将如棠观鱼者，臧僖伯谏曰：“凡物不足以讲大事，（臧僖伯，公子彄也。僖，谥也。大事，祀与戎。
　　○观鱼者，本亦作渔者。）其材不足以备器用，则君不举焉。（材谓皮革齿牙、骨角毛羽也。器用，军国之器。）君，将纳民於轨、物者也。故讲事以度轨量谓之轨，取材以章物采谓之物，不轨不物谓之乱政。乱政亟行，所以败也。（言器用众物不入法度，则为不轨不物，乱败之所起。
　　○度，待洛反，一音(yin)如字。亟，欺冀反，数也。）

[疏]“观鱼者”。
　　○正义曰：《说文云》：“渔，捕鱼也。”然则捕鱼谓之鱼。《天官》：“惇人，掌以时惇为梁。”“凡惇者，掌其政令。”是谓捕鱼为鱼。鱼者，犹言猎者也。
　　○“臧僖”至“败也”。
　　○正义曰：凡物不足以讲大事者，物谓事物，旌旗车服之属。若其为教战祭祀等大事，故布设陈列则可。如其细碎盘游，虽陈其物，不堪足以讲习大事。止谓不为大事而陈此物，故云不足以讲大事也。其材不足以备器用者，材谓皮革齿牙之属。若其为饰器用，故狩猎取材则可。如其因游宴戏乐，所得之材不堪足以备饰器用。止谓不为器用而取此材，故云不足以备器用也。人君一国之主，在民之上，当直已而行之，以法驱民而纳之於善，故云“人君将纳民於轨、物者也”。言当为轨、为物，纳民於其中也。既言民归轨物，更解轨物之名。故讲习大事，以准度轨法度量，谓之为轨。准度轨量，即谓习战、治兵、祭祀之属是也。取鸟兽之材，以章明物色采饰，谓之为物。章明物采，即取材以饰军国之器是也。刘炫云：“捕鱼猎兽，其事相类。此谏大意，言人君可观猎兽，不可观捕鱼。凡物者，广言诸物，鸟兽鱼鳖之类也。材谓所有皮革毛羽之类也。器谓车马兵甲，军国所用之物也。凡此诸物，捕之不足以讲习兵事，其材不足以充备器用，如此者则人君不亲举焉。”其意言猎之坐作进退，可以教战陈，兽之齿牙皮革，足以充器用，人君可以观之。捕鱼不足以教战陈，鳞甲不足以为器用，人君不宜观之。人君以下云云同。今若人君所行不得其轨，举动不顺器服，不当其物，上下无章，如是则谓之荒乱之政也。乱政数行，国家之所以祸败也。其意言鱼非讲事，是不轨；材不充用，是不物。今君观鱼，是为乱国之政，祸败之本，故不用使公行也。事度轨量，正谓顺时狩猎以教习戎事也。材章物采，正谓取其皮革以修造器物也。下云“四时田猎，治兵振旅，以习威仪”，覆此讲事也。“肉不登俎，材不登器，则公不射”，覆此章物也。别言川泽之实，非君所及，指言不可观鱼，辞有首引，自相配成也。
　　○注“臧僖”至“与戎”。
　　○正义曰：僖伯名彄，字子臧。《世本》云“孝公之子”，即此冬书“公子彄卒”是也。谥法：“小心畏忌曰僖。”是僖为谥也。诸侯之子称公子，公子之子称公孙。公孙之子不得祖诸侯，乃以王父之字为氏。计僖伯之孙始得以臧为氏，今以僖伯之上巳加臧者，盖以僖伯是臧氏之祖，传家追言之也。成十三年传曰：“国之大事，在祀与戎。”故知大事，祀与戎也。必知兼祀者，以下云“鸟兽之肉，不登於俎”故也。刘炫云：“田猎止教戎，而言祀者，猎狩主以祭祀，故并祀言之。下注云：‘俎，祭宗庙器’，见此意也。”
　　○注“言器”至“所起”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：车(che)马、旌旗、衣服、刀剑，无不皆有法(fa)(fa)度。器用(yong)众物不入法(fa)(fa)度，广言(yan)之(zhi)也(ye)。器不当法(fa)(fa)，用(yong)非其(qi)物，则为(wei)不轨不物，政不在(zai)君(jun)，则乱(luan)败之(zhi)所起也(ye)。

故春蒐、夏苗、秋狝、冬狩，蒐，索，择取不孕者。苗，为苗除害也。狝，杀也；以杀为名，顺秋气也。狩，围守也；冬物毕成，获则取之，无所择也。
　　○蒐，所(suo)求反(fan)，索(suo)也。狝，息浅反(fan)，《说文》作<狝土(tu)}。《穀梁(liang)传》云(yun)：“春曰(yue)(yue)田(tian)”，“秋曰(yue)(yue)蒐。”狩，手又(you)反(fan)。索(suo)，所(suo)百反(fan)。孕，以证(zheng)反(fan)，为苗，于伪反(fan)。

[疏]注“蒐索”至“择也”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)：《尔雅(ya)(ya)·释天》四(si)(si)时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猎(lie)(lie)名(ming)与(yu)此同(tong)，说者(zhe)皆(jie)如此注，故杜依用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《周礼(li)·大司马职》：“中春(chun)教振旅(lv)”，“遂(sui)(sui)以(yi)蒐(sou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”；“中夏教茇(ba)舍”，“遂(sui)(sui)以(yi)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”；“中秋(qiu)教治兵”，“遂(sui)(sui)以(yi)狝田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)”；“中冬(dong)(dong)教大阅(yue)”，“遂(sui)(sui)以(yi)狩(shou)(shou)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。”其(qi)(qi)名(ming)亦与(yu)此同(tong)。郑玄解(jie)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)与(yu)此小异，言(yan)“择(ze)(ze)取(qu)不(bu)孕(yun)任(ren)者(zhe)，若治苗(miao)(miao)(miao)去(qu)不(bu)秀(xiu)实者(zhe)”。孙炎(yan)亦然。桓四(si)(si)年《公羊传》曰(yue)(yue)：“春(chun)曰(yue)(yue)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，秋(qiu)曰(yue)(yue)蒐(sou)，冬(dong)(dong)曰(yue)(yue)狩(shou)(shou)。”三名(ming)既与(yu)《礼(li)》异，又复夏时不(bu)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。《穀(gu)梁(liang)(liang)传》曰(yue)(yue)：“四(si)(si)时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，皆(jie)为(wei)宗庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)，春(chun)曰(yue)(yue)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，夏曰(yue)(yue)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)，秋(qiu)曰(yue)(yue)蒐(sou)，冬(dong)(dong)曰(yue)(yue)狩(shou)(shou)。”皆(jie)与(yu)《礼(li)》异者(zhe)，良由(you)微言(yan)既绝，曲辨妄生。丘(qiu)明(ming)(ming)亲受圣(sheng)师，故独与(yu)《礼(li)》合。汉代(dai)古学不(bu)行，明(ming)(ming)帝集诸学士(shi)作《白(bai)虎通义(yi)》，因《穀(gu)梁(liang)(liang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生说，曰(yue)(yue)：“王者(zhe)、诸侯所以(yi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)猎(lie)(lie)何(he)(he)？为(wei)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)除(chu)害，上以(yi)共宗庙，下以(yi)简集士(shi)众也(ye)(ye)。春(chun)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)何(he)(he)？春(chun)，岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本，举(ju)本名(ming)而(er)(er)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。夏谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)何(he)(he)？择(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)怀(huai)任(ren)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。秋(qiu)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蒐(sou)何(he)(he)？蒐(sou)索肥(fei)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。冬(dong)(dong)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)狩(shou)(shou)何(he)(he)？守(shou)地而(er)(er)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。四(si)(si)时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，总名(ming)为(wei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)何(he)(he)？为(wei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)除(chu)害也(ye)(ye)。”案：苗(miao)(miao)(miao)非怀(huai)任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)，何(he)(he)云(yun)“择(ze)(ze)去(qu)怀(huai)任(ren)”？秋(qiu)兽尽皆(jie)不(bu)瘦，何(he)(he)云(yun)“蒐(sou)索取(qu)肥(fei)”？虽名(ming)通义(yi)，义(yi)不(bu)通也(ye)(ye)。故先儒皆(jie)依《周礼(li)》、《左传》、《尔雅(ya)(ya)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文而(er)(er)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说，其(qi)(qi)名(ming)亦有意焉。虽复春(chun)猎(lie)(lie)，获则取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)能择(ze)(ze)取(qu)不(bu)孕(yun)；夏猎(lie)(lie)所取(qu)无多，不(bu)能为(wei)苗(miao)(miao)(miao)除(chu)害。为(wei)因时异而(er)(er)变文耳。谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)猎(lie)(lie)者(zhe)，蔡邕《月(yue)令章(zhang)句(ju)》云(yun)：“猎(lie)(lie)者(zhe)，捷取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)也(ye)(ye)。”

皆於农隙以讲事也。各随时事之间。
　　○隙，去逆(ni)反。

[疏]注“各随时事之间”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：隙训间也。四仲(zhong)之月，自是常期。就其月中，简选间日(ri)。虽则农(nong)月，必有间时，故曰(yue)随时事(shi)之间也。仲(zhong)冬，农(nong)之最隙，故大备礼(li)也。

三年而治兵，入而振旅，虽四时讲武，犹复三年而大习。出曰治兵，始治其事；入曰振旅，治兵礼毕，整众而还。振，整也。旅，众也。
　　○振，之慎(shen)反，整也(ye)。复(fu)，扶又反，下同。

[疏]注“虽四”至“众也”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：虽每(mei)年(nian)(nian)常四(si)时(shi)讲武，犹复(fu)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)而一大(da)习(xi)(xi)，犹如四(si)时(shi)常祀，三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)而复(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)禘祭，意相类也(ye)(ye)(ye)。出(chu)曰(yue)治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)者，以其初出(chu)，始治(zhi)其事也(ye)(ye)(ye)。入曰(yue)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)者，以治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)礼(li)毕，整众(zhong)而还。振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)讯是整理之义，故振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)整也(ye)(ye)(ye)。“旅(lv)(lv)，众(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”，《释诂(gu)》文(wen)。治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)，坐作进(jin)退，其礼(li)皆同。所异者，唯(wei)长(zhang)幼先后耳。《释天(tian)》云：“出(chu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)，尚威(wei)武也(ye)(ye)(ye)；入为(wei)(wei)(wei)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)，反尊(zun)卑也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”孙(sun)炎曰(yue)：“出(chu)则幼贱在前(qian)，贵勇力也(ye)(ye)(ye)；入则尊(zun)老(lao)在前(qian)，复(fu)常法也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”庄八(ba)年(nian)(nian)《穀梁传》曰(yue)：“出(chu)曰(yue)治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)，习(xi)(xi)战(zhan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)；入曰(yue)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)，习(xi)(xi)战(zhan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)传》曰(yue)：“出(chu)曰(yue)治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)，入曰(yue)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)，其礼(li)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)，皆习(xi)(xi)战(zhan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，是其礼(li)同也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”何休《公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)“出(chu)曰(yue)祠(ci)兵(bing)(bing)”，休云：“杀牲飨(xiang)士卒。”郑玄《诗》笺引《公(gong)羊(yang)(yang)》亦(yi)作“治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)”，是其所见本(ben)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)，亦(yi)四(si)时(shi)教(jiao)之，但於(wu)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)大(da)习(xi)(xi)，详其文(wen)耳。《周礼(li)》“春(chun)教(jiao)振(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)旅(lv)(lv)”、“秋(qiu)教(jiao)治(zhi)兵(bing)(bing)”者，四(si)时(shi)教(jiao)民各以其宜(yi)。春(chun)即止兵(bing)(bing)收众(zhong)，专心於(wu)农；秋(qiu)即缮甲厉兵(bing)(bing)，将威(wei)不(bu)轨：故异其文(wen)耳。

归而饮至，以数军实，饮於庙，以数车徒、器械及所获也。
　　○数，所主反(fan)，注同。械，户戒反(fan)。

[疏]注“饮於”至“获也”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：桓(huan)二年(nian)(nian)传例(li)曰(yue)：“凡公行，告于宗庙，反，行饮(yin)(yin)至。”彼(bi)(bi)饮(yin)(yin)至在(zai)庙，知(zhi)此言(yan)饮(yin)(yin)至，亦饮(yin)(yin)於庙也(ye)。军之(zhi)(zhi)资实(shi)，唯(wei)有(you)车(che)(che)徒、器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)，猎则有(you)所(suo)获。《诗序·车(che)(che)攻》美宣王(wang)“脩车(che)(che)马(ma)，备器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)”，“因田(tian)猎而选(xuan)车(che)(che)徒”，故(gu)知(zhi)数(shu)军实(shi)者，数(shu)车(che)(che)徒、器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)及(ji)所(suo)获也(ye)。《说文》云：“械(xie)(xie)(xie)，器(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)总名。”虞喜云：“器(qi)(qi)械(xie)(xie)(xie)谓(wei)铠甲(jia)、兜鍪也(ye)。”宣十(shi)(shi)二年(nian)(nian)传言(yan)：楚国“无日(ri)不(bu)讨(tao)军实(shi)而申(shen)儆之(zhi)(zhi)”。襄二十(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)传曰(yue)：“齐社蒐军实(shi)，使客观之(zhi)(zhi)。”二注(zhu)并云“军器(qi)(qi)”，不(bu)言(yan)“车(che)(che)徒及(ji)所(suo)获”者，彼(bi)(bi)无猎事(shi)，故(gu)不(bu)言(yan)也(ye)。

昭文(wen)章(zhang)，车服旌旗。

[疏]注“车服旌旗”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：《周(zhou)礼(li)·巾(jin)车(che)职》曰(yue)：“革路(lu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)即戎”，“木路(lu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)麾(hui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田”。《司(si)(si)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)职》曰(yue)：“凡兵(bing)事，韦弁(bian)(bian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”，“凡甸(dian)(dian)，冠弁(bian)(bian)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”。郑玄云(yun)：“甸(dian)(dian)，田猎也(ye)。”计(ji)田猎当(dang)乘(cheng)木路(lu)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)冠弁(bian)(bian)，但三年治(zhi)兵(bing)，乃(nai)习兵(bing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)礼(li)，不宜乘(cheng)田车(che)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)田服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，天子(zi)盖乘(cheng)革路(lu)，服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)韦弁(bian)(bian)也(ye)。在军(jun)(jun)(jun)君(jun)臣(chen)同(tong)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，公卿以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下盖亦乘(cheng)兵(bing)车(che)、服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)兵(bing)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)。其(qi)(qi)旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，则(ze)(ze)尊卑(bei)异建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。治(zhi)兵(bing)之(zhi)礼(li)，为(wei)辨(bian)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)，必不建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)、大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)麾(hui)。《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)(si)马(ma)职》曰(yue)：“中秋教(jiao)治(zhi)兵(bing)”，“辨(bian)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)用(yong)，王(wang)载(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)，诸侯载(zai)旂，军(jun)(jun)(jun)吏(li)(li)(li)载(zai)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，师都载(zai)<巾(jin)亶(dan)>，乡遂载(zai)物(wu)(wu)，郊野载(zai)旐(zhao)(zhao)，百(bai)官载(zai)旟(yu)(yu)”，“遂以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)狝田。”郑玄云(yun)：“军(jun)(jun)(jun)吏(li)(li)(li)，诸军(jun)(jun)(jun)帅也(ye)。师都，遂大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)也(ye)。乡遂，乡大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)也(ye)。或载(zai)<巾(jin)亶(dan)>，或载(zai)物(wu)(wu)。众属军(jun)(jun)(jun)吏(li)(li)(li)，无所(suo)(suo)将也(ye)。郊，谓(wei)(wei)乡遂之(zhi)州长县正以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下也(ye)。野，谓(wei)(wei)公邑大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)。载(zai)旐(zhao)(zhao)者，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)将羡卒(zu)也(ye)。百(bai)官，卿大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)也(ye)。载(zai)旟(yu)(yu)者，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)属卫王(wang)也(ye)。凡旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，有军(jun)(jun)(jun)众者画(hua)异物(wu)(wu)，无者帛(bo)而(er)已。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)治(zhi)兵(bing)旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，当(dang)如《司(si)(si)马(ma)职》文也(ye)。按《司(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)职》云(yun)：“及(ji)国(guo)之(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阅(yue)，赞司(si)(si)马(ma)颁旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)。王(wang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)，诸侯建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)旂，孤卿建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)<巾(jin)亶(dan)>，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)士建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)物(wu)(wu)，师都建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，州里建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)旟(yu)(yu)，县鄙建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)旐(zhao)(zhao)，道车(che)载(zai)旞，斿车(che)载(zai)旌。”计(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阅(yue)治(zhi)兵(bing)，俱是(shi)教(jiao)战，而(er)旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)物(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)不同(tong)者，郑玄云(yun)：“凡颁旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出(chu)(chu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)则(ze)(ze)如秋，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊卑(bei)之(zhi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)则(ze)(ze)如冬。”“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阅(yue)备军(jun)(jun)(jun)礼(li)，而(er)旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不如出(chu)(chu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)时空辟实。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)阅(yue)所(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，尊卑(bei)之(zhi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)；治(zhi)兵(bing)所(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，出(chu)(chu)军(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)礼(li)。此“三年治(zhi)兵(bing)”与“秋教(jiao)治(zhi)兵(bing)”，其(qi)(qi)名既(ji)同(tong)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)当(dang)不异。故服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)虔解此亦引《司(si)(si)马(ma)职》文，明是(shi)旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，用(yong)秋辨(bian)旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)之(zhi)法(fa)。案《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)司(si)(si)马(ma)职》“教(jiao)治(zhi)兵(bing)”，“王(wang)载(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)”，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《巾(jin)车(che)》云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)麾(hui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田”，又(you)云(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)即戎”者，先儒(ru)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)王(wang)田，春(chun)夏则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)麾(hui)，秋冬则(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)，旌旗(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)用(yong)虽如治(zhi)兵(bing)之(zhi)时，然(ran)王(wang)若亲军(jun)(jun)(jun)，则(ze)(ze)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)白(bai)(bai)。

明贵贱，辨等列，等列，行伍。
　　○辨，如字，又方免反，别也。行，户郎反。顺少长，出则少者在前，还则在后，所谓顺也。
　　○少，诗照反，注皆同。长，丁丈反，下注同。习威仪也。鸟兽之肉，不登於俎，俎，祭宗庙器。
　　○鸟兽之肉，一本作其(qi)肉。俎，庄吕(lv)反。皮革、齿牙、骨(gu)角、毛羽，不登於器(qi)，谓(wei)以饰法度之器(qi)。

[疏]“鸟兽”至“於器”。
　　○正义曰：《说文》云：“革，兽皮治去其毛，革更之。”然则有毛为皮，去毛为革。《周礼》掌皮“秋敛皮，冬敛革”，以其小异，故别时敛之，散文则皮、革通也。颔上大齿谓之为牙。鸟翼长毛谓之为羽。齿、牙、毛、羽各自小异，故历言之也。“登於俎”，谓升俎以共祭。“登於器”，谓在器以为饰。诸器之饰有用此材者。
　　○注“俎，祭宗庙器”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：飨燕(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馔，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用俎(zu)，独言(yan)宗庙器(qi)者(zhe)，明田猎取禽，主为(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)，若止共燕(yan)食(shi)，则公(gong)(gong)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)。下注云(yun)(yun)(yun)“法(fa)度之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)”，其义(yi)亦(yi)然，非法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)，公(gong)(gong)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)举。登训为(wei)(wei)(wei)升。服(fu)虔以上“登”为(wei)(wei)(wei)“升”，下“登”为(wei)(wei)(wei)“成”。二(er)“登”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)容(rong)异训。且云(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)成於(wu)器(qi)”，为(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)辞矣。又(you)器(qi)以此物(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)饰，宁复待(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乃成也？《周礼·惇人(ren)》：“凡祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)，共其鱼(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鲜薧。”特牲、少牢，祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，皆(jie)有鱼(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)俎(zu)实。“肉登於(wu)俎(zu)，公(gong)(gong)则射(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，而以观(guan)鱼(yu)(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)非礼者(zhe)，此言(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)登於(wu)俎(zu)者(zhe)，谓妄出游(you)猎，虽(sui)取鸟兽，元不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)登於(wu)器(qi)，亦(yi)谓盘游(you)，元不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)取材，以饰器(qi)物(wu)(wu)。今公(gong)(gong)观(guan)鱼(yu)(yu)，乃是游(you)戏，故以非之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然登俎(zu)、登器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，虽(sui)君(jun)所亲，至於(wu)庶羞杂物(wu)(wu)，细小(xiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伦，虽(sui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)，亦(yi)君(jun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)射(she)(she)。《礼》水(shui)土(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品，笾豆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，苟可荐者(zhe)，莫不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)咸在(zai)，岂皆(jie)公(gong)(gong)亲之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也？刘炫云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“此言(yan)田猎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，小(xiao)鸟、小(xiao)兽，则公(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)射(she)(she)。虽(sui)讲(jiang)(jiang)事(shi)而田，尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)射(she)(she)小(xiao)物(wu)(wu)，况鱼(yu)(yu)非讲(jiang)(jiang)事(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宜辄举。”不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)谓登俎(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)皆(jie)公(gong)(gong)所亲射(she)(she)。祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)水(shui)土(tu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)同。

则公不射，古之制也。若夫山林川泽之实，器用之资，皂隶之事，官司之守，非君所及也。”士臣皂，皂臣舆，舆臣隶。言取此杂猥之物以资器备，是小臣有司之职，非诸侯之所亲也。
　　○射，食亦反。皂，才早反。舆(yu)音馀。猥，乌罪反。

[疏]“若大”至“及也”。
　　○正义曰：山(shan)林之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实(shi)，谓(wei)(wei)材木樵薪(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类。川(chuan)泽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实(shi)，谓(wei)(wei)菱(ling)芡鱼(yu)蟹(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)。此皆(jie)器(qi)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)资，须贱人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)守掌，非(fei)人君所(suo)(suo)宜亲(qin)及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。此虽意谏观(guan)鱼(yu)，而广言小事，故注云(yun)取(qu)此杂(za)猥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物以(yi)资器(qi)备，非(fei)诸(zhu)侯所(suo)(suo)亲(qin)也(ye)。杂(za)猥，谓(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)杂(za)猥碎(sui)也(ye)。资，谓(wei)(wei)器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)资财待此而备，器(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)用及所(suo)(suo)盛皆(jie)是(shi)也(ye)。《穀梁(liang)传(chuan)》曰：“《礼》，尊(zun)不亲(qin)小事，卑不尸大功。鱼(yu)，卑者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)，公(gong)观(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非(fei)正。”与(yu)此同(tong)也(ye)。若然，《月令(ling)》：季(ji)冬“命渔师始渔，天子亲(qin)往尝鱼(yu)，先荐寝庙(miao)”。彼(bi)《礼》“天子亲(qin)往”，此讥公(gong)者(zhe)，彼(bi)以(yi)“时鱼(yu)絜美”，取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)荐宗庙(miao)，特重其事。天子亲(qin)行，意在(zai)敬事鬼神，非(fei)欲以(yi)为戏乐。隐(yin)公(gong)观(guan)鱼(yu)，志在(zai)游戏，故讥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。

公曰：“吾将略地焉。”孙辞以略地。略，总摄巡行之名。传曰：“东略之不知，西则否矣”。
　　○行，下孟反。

[疏]注“孙辞”至“否矣”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：僖九年传(chuan)曰(yue)：“东(dong)略(lve)之(zhi)不(bu)知(zhi)，西则否矣(yi)。”又十六年传(chuan)曰(yue)：“谋(mou)鄫且东(dong)略(lve)也。”略(lve)者，巡行之(zhi)名也。公(gong)曰(yue)“吾将略(lve)地(di)焉”，言欲案行边竟(jing)，是孙辞也。若国(guo)竟(jing)之(zhi)内，不(bu)应讥公(gong)远游(you)。且言“远地(di)”，明是他竟(jing)也。《释例》曰(yue)：“旧(jiu)说棠，鲁地(di)。据传(chuan)公(gong)辞欲略(lve)地(di)，则非鲁竟(jing)也。”《释例·土(tu)地(di)名》：“棠在鲁部内，云本宋地(di)，盖宋、鲁之(zhi)界上也。”

遂往，陈鱼而观之。陈，设张也。公大设捕鱼之备而观之。
　　○捕音步，一音搏。僖伯称疾，不从。书曰“公矢鱼于棠”，非礼也，且言远地也。矢亦陈也。棠，鲁地竟，故曰远地。
　　○从，才用(yong)反(fan)。竟音境。

[疏]注“矢亦陈也”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：《释诂》云：“矢，陈也”。

曲沃、庄伯以郑人、邢人伐翼，曲沃，晋别封成师之邑，在河东闻喜县。庄伯，成师子也。翼，晋旧都，在平阳绛邑县东。邢国在广平襄国县。
　　○沃，乌毒反。

[疏]注“曲沃”至“国县”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：《晋(jin)(jin)国(guo)侯(hou)爵谱》云：“姬姓，武王子唐叔(shu)虞之(zhi)(zhi)后也(ye)。成(cheng)王灭(mie)唐而封(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)。今大(da)原(yuan)晋(jin)(jin)阳县是也(ye)。燮(xie)父(fu)改之(zhi)(zhi)曰晋(jin)(jin)。燮(xie)父(fu)孙成(cheng)侯(hou)徙都曲(qu)沃，今河(he)东(dong)闻喜县是也(ye)。穆侯(hou)徙都绛。鄂侯(hou)二(er)年，鲁隐公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)元年也(ye)。定公(gong)三十(shi)(shi)一年，获(huo)麟之(zhi)(zhi)岁也(ye)。出(chu)公(gong)八年，而《春(chun)秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)传终矣(yi)。出(chu)公(gong)十(shi)(shi)七年卒。自出(chu)公(gong)以下(xia)，五世，八十(shi)(shi)二(er)年，而韩(han)、赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)、魏灭(mie)晋(jin)(jin)也(ye)。”《地理(li)志》云：“河(he)东(dong)闻喜县，故(gu)曲(qu)沃也(ye)”。“武帝元鼎(ding)六年行过，改名。”应劭曰：“武帝於此闻南越破(po)，改曰闻喜。”《志》又曰：“赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)襄国(guo)县，故(gu)邢国(guo)。”然则於汉属赵(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)国(guo)，於晋(jin)(jin)属广平。

王使尹氏、武氏助之。翼侯奔随。尹氏、武氏，皆周世族大夫也。晋内相攻伐，不告乱，故不书。传具其事，为后晋事张本。曲沃及翼本末见桓二年。随，晋地。
　　○传具，一(yi)本作(zuo)传。见，贤遍反。

夏，葬(zang)卫(wei)桓(huan)公。卫(wei)乱(luan)，是以缓。有州吁(yu)之乱(luan)，十四月(yue)乃葬(zang)。传(chuan)明其非(fei)慢也。

四月，郑人侵卫牧，牧，卫邑。经书“夏四月葬卫桓公”，今传直言夏而更以四月附郑人侵卫牧者，於下事宜得月，以明事之先后，故不复备举经文。三年“君氏卒”，其义亦同，他皆仿此。
　　○牧，州牧之牧，徐音目。以报东门之役。东门役在四年。卫人以燕师伐郑。南燕国，今东郡燕县。
　　○燕(yan)，於贤反，国名。

[疏]注“南燕”至“燕县”。
　　○正义曰：燕(yan)(yan)有(you)二国(guo)，一称北燕(yan)(yan)，故(gu)此注(zhu)言南燕(yan)(yan)以别之(zhi)。《世本(ben)》：“燕(yan)(yan)国(guo)姞姓。”《地理志》：东郡燕(yan)(yan)县，“南燕(yan)(yan)国(guo)，姞姓，黄帝之(zhi)后(hou)”也(ye)。小(xiao)国(guo)无(wu)世家，不知其君号(hao)谥(shi)，唯庄二十燕(yan)(yan)仲父见传(chuan)耳。

郑祭足、原繁，洩驾以三军军其前，使曼伯与子元潜军军其后。燕人畏郑三军，而不虞制人。北制，郑邑，今河南城皋县也，一名虎牢。
　　○洩，息列反(fan)。曼(man)(man)音(yin)万。六月，郑二公子(zi)以制人败燕师于(yu)北制。二公子(zi)，曼(man)(man)伯、子(zi)元(yuan)也。君(jun)子(zi)曰(yue)：“不(bu)(bu)备不(bu)(bu)虞(yu)，不(bu)(bu)可以师。”

曲(qu)沃(wo)叛王。秋，王命虢公伐曲(qu)沃(wo)，而立哀侯(hou)于翼(yi)。春，翼(yi)侯(hou)奔随，故立其子光(guang)。

卫之乱也，郕人侵卫，故卫师入郕。郕，国也，东平刚父县西南有郕乡。
　　○父音甫。

[疏]注“郕国”至“郕乡”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：《史记·管蔡(cai)世家》称(cheng)郕叔(shu)武(wu)，文(wen)王子，武(wu)王之(zhi)母弟，“后世无(wu)所见”。既无(wu)世家，不知其君(jun)号谥。唯(wei)文(wen)十二年郕大子朱儒奔(ben)鲁，书(shu)曰“郕伯(bo)来奔(ben)”，见於(wu)经、传，则郕国伯(bo)爵也。

九月，考仲(zhong)子之宫，将万(wan)焉。万(wan)，舞也。

[疏]注“万舞也”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：案《公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰：“万(wan)(wan)(wan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？干舞(wu)(wu)也。籥(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何(he)？羽(yu)舞(wu)(wu)也。”则(ze)万(wan)(wan)(wan)与羽(yu)不同(tong)。今传(chuan)(chuan)云“将(jiang)万(wan)(wan)(wan)焉(yan)”，“问羽(yu)数於众仲”，是(shi)(shi)万(wan)(wan)(wan)与羽(yu)为一者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，万(wan)(wan)(wan)、羽(yu)之(zhi)异，自是(shi)(shi)《公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)》之(zhi)说。今杜直云：“万(wan)(wan)(wan)，舞(wu)(wu)也”，则(ze)万(wan)(wan)(wan)是(shi)(shi)舞(wu)(wu)之(zhi)大名也。何(he)休云：所以仲子之(zhi)庙唯有羽(yu)舞(wu)(wu)无(wu)干舞(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，“妇人无(wu)武事，独奏文(wen)乐”也。刘炫云：“《公(gong)(gong)羊(yang)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰万(wan)(wan)(wan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)云云，籥(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)云云，羽(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为文(wen)，万(wan)(wan)(wan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为武。武则(ze)左执朱(zhu)干，右(you)秉玉(yu)戚；文(wen)则(ze)左执籥(yue)，右(you)秉翟(zhai)。此传(chuan)(chuan)将(jiang)万(wan)(wan)(wan)问羽(yu)，即似万(wan)(wan)(wan)、羽(yu)同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以当此时万(wan)(wan)(wan)、羽(yu)俱作，但将(jiang)万(wan)(wan)(wan)而问羽(yu)数，非(fei)谓羽(yu)即万(wan)(wan)(wan)也。经直书羽(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，与传(chuan)(chuan)互见之(zhi)。”

公问羽(yu)(yu)数於(wu)众仲。问执(zhi)羽(yu)(yu)人数。对曰：“天子用八，八八六(liu)(liu)十(shi)四人。诸侯(hou)用六(liu)(liu)，六(liu)(liu)六(liu)(liu)三十(shi)六(liu)(liu)人。

[疏]注“六六三十六人”。
　　○正义曰：何(he)休(xiu)说如此。服虔以“用六(liu)”为六(liu)八(ba)(ba)(ba)四(si)十(shi)八(ba)(ba)(ba)，大夫“四(si)”为四(si)八(ba)(ba)(ba)三十(shi)二，士“二”为二八(ba)(ba)(ba)十(shi)六(liu)。杜以舞(wu)势(shi)宜(yi)(yi)方，行(xing)列既减，即每行(xing)人(ren)数亦(yi)宜(yi)(yi)减，故同何(he)说也。或(huo)以襄十(shi)一年郑人(ren)赂(lu)晋(jin)侯以“女(nv)乐(le)(le)二八(ba)(ba)(ba)”为二佾之(zhi)乐(le)(le)，知自上(shang)及(ji)下，行(xing)皆(jie)八(ba)(ba)(ba)人(ren)。斯不然矣(yi)。彼传见晋(jin)侯减乐(le)(le)之(zhi)半以赐魏(wei)绛，因“歌锺二肆”，遂言“女(nv)乐(le)(le)二八(ba)(ba)(ba)”，为下半乐(le)(le)张(zhang)本耳(er)，非以二八(ba)(ba)(ba)为二佾。若二八(ba)(ba)(ba)即是二佾，郑人(ren)岂(qi)以二佾之(zhi)乐(le)(le)赂(lu)晋(jin)侯，晋(jin)侯岂(qi)以一佾之(zhi)乐(le)(le)赐魏(wei)绛？

大夫四，四四十六人。士二，二二四人。士有功，赐用乐。夫舞所以节八音而行八风，八音，金、石、丝、竹、匏、土、革、木也。八风，八方之风也。以八音之器，播八方之风，手之舞之，足之蹈之，节其制而序其情。
　　○八音，金锺、石磬、丝琴瑟、竹箫(xiao)管、土埙(xun)、木柷敔(yu)、匏笙、革鼓也。八方(fang)(fang)(fang)之风(feng)(feng)(feng)，谓(wei)东(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)谷风(feng)(feng)(feng)，东(dong)南清明风(feng)(feng)(feng)、南方(fang)(fang)(fang)凯风(feng)(feng)(feng)、西南凉风(feng)(feng)(feng)、西方(fang)(fang)(fang)阊(chang)阖风(feng)(feng)(feng)、西北(bei)不周(zhou)风(feng)(feng)(feng)、北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)广莫风(feng)(feng)(feng)、东(dong)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)融风(feng)(feng)(feng)。匏，白交反。蹈，徒报反。

[疏]“夫舞”至“八风”。
　　○正义曰：舞为乐主，音逐舞节，八音皆奏，而舞曲齐之，故舞所以节八音也。八方风气寒暑不同，乐能调阴阳，和节气。八方风气由舞而行，故舞所以行八风也。
　　○注“八音”至“其情”。
　　○正义曰：八(ba)(ba)音(yin)(yin)为(wei)“金(jin)(jin)、石、土、革(ge)、丝、木(mu)、匏、竹(zhu)”，《周礼·大师职(zhi)》文也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑玄云(yun)：“金(jin)(jin)，锺镈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；石，磬也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；土，埙(xun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；革(ge)，鼓(gu)鼗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；丝，琴瑟也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；木(mu)，柷(zhu)敔也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；匏，笙(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；竹(zhu)，管箫(xiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”八(ba)(ba)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，八(ba)(ba)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)者，服虔以(yi)为(wei)八(ba)(ba)卦(gua)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)；乾音(yin)(yin)石，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)不周；坎音(yin)(yin)革(ge)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)广(guang)莫(mo)；艮音(yin)(yin)匏，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)融；震(zhen)音(yin)(yin)竹(zhu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)明庶(shu)；巽(xun)音(yin)(yin)木(mu)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)清明；离音(yin)(yin)丝，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)景；坤音(yin)(yin)土，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)凉(liang)；兑音(yin)(yin)金(jin)(jin)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)阊阖(he)。《易纬(wei)·通卦(gua)验》云(yun)：立(li)(li)春(chun)调(diao)(diao)风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，春(chun)分(fen)明庶(shu)风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，立(li)(li)夏清明风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，夏至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，立(li)(li)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)凉(liang)风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)分(fen)阊阖(he)风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，立(li)(li)冬(dong)不周风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)广(guang)莫(mo)风(feng)(feng)(feng)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。风(feng)(feng)(feng)体一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，逐天气、随八(ba)(ba)节(jie)(jie)而为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)立(li)(li)名(ming)耳。调(diao)(diao)与融一(yi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)一(yi)名(ming)。昭十(shi)八(ba)(ba)年传(chuan)曰“是谓融风(feng)(feng)(feng)”，是其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)调(diao)(diao)、融同也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。沈氏云(yun)：案《乐(le)纬(wei)》云(yun)，坎主(zhu)(zhu)冬(dong)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)管；艮主(zhu)(zhu)立(li)(li)春(chun)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)埙(xun)；震(zhen)主(zhu)(zhu)春(chun)分(fen)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)鼓(gu)；巽(xun)主(zhu)(zhu)立(li)(li)夏，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)笙(sheng)；离主(zhu)(zhu)夏至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)弦；坤主(zhu)(zhu)立(li)(li)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)磬；兑主(zhu)(zhu)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)分(fen)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)锺；乾主(zhu)(zhu)立(li)(li)冬(dong)，乐(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)柷(zhu)敔。此(ci)八(ba)(ba)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音(yin)(yin)，既(ji)有(you)二说(shuo)，未知孰是，故(gu)两(liang)存焉。更说(shuo)制(zhi)乐(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本，节(jie)(jie)音(yin)(yin)行风(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，以(yi)八(ba)(ba)音(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)，宣播八(ba)(ba)方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)风(feng)(feng)(feng)，使(shi)人用(yong)(yong)(yong)手以(yi)舞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)足以(yi)蹈(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，节(jie)(jie)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)礼制(zhi)，使(shi)不荒(huang)淫，次序(xu)人情(qing)，使(shi)不蕴结也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《蟋蟀》诗曰：“无已大康，职(zhi)思其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)居(ju)。”是节(jie)(jie)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)制(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。舜(shun)歌《南风(feng)(feng)(feng)》曰：“南风(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时兮(xi)(xi)，可以(yi)阜吾人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)财兮(xi)(xi)。南风(feng)(feng)(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)薰兮(xi)(xi)，可以(yi)解吾人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愠兮(xi)(xi)。”是序(xu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

故自八以下。”唯天子得尽物数，故以八为列。诸侯则不敢用八。公从之。於是初献六羽，始用六佾也。鲁唯文王、周公庙得用八，而他公遂因仍僣而用之。今隐公特立此妇人之庙，详问众仲，众仲因明大典，故传亦因言始用六佾。其后季氏舞八佾於庭，知唯在仲子庙用六。
　　○佾音逸(yi)。僣，子念反。

[疏]注“鲁唯”至“用六”。
　　○正义曰(yue)(yue)：襄十(shi)二年传(chuan)(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)鲁(lu)为诸(zhu)姬“临(lin)於(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)庙(miao)”，是(shi)鲁(lu)立(li)文王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)也(ye)(ye)。文王(wang)，天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自然用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)。《礼(li)记(ji)·祭统》曰(yue)(yue)：“昔者周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)旦有勋劳於(wu)(wu)天(tian)下”，“成王(wang)康王(wang)”“赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)重祭”，“朱干、玉(yu)(yu)戚以(yi)舞(wu)《大武》，八(ba)佾(yi)以(yi)舞(wu)《大夏》。此(ci)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)也(ye)(ye)，康周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)故(gu)以(yi)赐鲁(lu)。”《明堂位》曰(yue)(yue)“命鲁(lu)公(gong)(gong)世(shi)世(shi)祀(si)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)以(yi)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)乐(le)”，是(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)也(ye)(ye)。传(chuan)(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)“始用(yong)(yong)(yong)六(liu)佾(yi)”，则(ze)知以(yi)前用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)。何休云：“僣(tie)(tie)，齐也(ye)(ye)。下效(xiao)上之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞。”鲁(lu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)僣(tie)(tie)以(yi)必有所因(yin)，故(gu)本其僣(tie)(tie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所由，言(yan)(yan)由文王(wang)、周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)庙(miao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)佾(yi)，他(ta)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)遂因(yin)仍(reng)僣(tie)(tie)而用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今隐公(gong)(gong)详问众仲(zhong)，众仲(zhong)因(yin)明大典，公(gong)(gong)从(cong)其言(yan)(yan)，於(wu)(wu)仲(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)初献六(liu)羽，故(gu)传(chuan)(chuan)亦因(yin)言(yan)(yan)始用(yong)(yong)(yong)六(liu)佾(yi)。谓(wei)仲(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)六(liu)佾(yi)，他(ta)公(gong)(gong)则(ze)仍(reng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)也(ye)(ye)。至襄、昭(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，鲁(lu)犹皆亦用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)，故(gu)昭(zhao)二十(shi)五年《公(gong)(gong)羊传(chuan)(chuan)》称，昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)谓(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)家(jia)驹(ju)曰(yue)(yue)：“吾何僣(tie)(tie)哉？”答曰(yue)(yue)：“朱干、玉(yu)(yu)戚以(yi)舞(wu)《大夏》，八(ba)佾(yi)以(yi)舞(wu)《大武》，此(ci)皆天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)也(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)昭(zhao)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时僣(tie)(tie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)减从(cong)正礼(li)，尚(shang)书於(wu)(wu)经(jing)，若更僣(tie)(tie)非礼(li)，无容(rong)不书。自此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，不书僣(tie)(tie)用(yong)(yong)(yong)八(ba)佾(yi)，知他(ta)庙(miao)僣(tie)(tie)而不改，故(gu)杜自明其证(zheng)：其后“季(ji)氏舞(wu)八(ba)佾(yi)於(wu)(wu)庭(ting)”，知唯在仲(zhong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)庙(miao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)六(liu)也(ye)(ye)。

宋人取邾田。邾人告於郑曰：“请君释憾於宋，敝邑为道。”释四年再见伐之恨。
　　○道音导，本亦作导。郑人以王师会之。王师不书，不以告也。伐宋，入其郛，以报东门之役。郛，郭也。东门役在四年。
　　○郛，芳夫反，下同。宋人使来告命。告命，策书。公闻其入郛也，将救之。问於使者曰：“师何及？”对曰：“未及国。”忿公知而故问，责穷辞。
　　○使(shi)，所吏反，下同(tong)。公怒，乃止，辞(ci)使(shi)者(zhe)曰(yue)：“君(jun)命(ming)寡(gua)人(ren)同(tong)恤社稷之难(nan)，今问诸使(shi)者(zhe)，曰(yue)‘师未及国’，非寡(gua)人(ren)之所敢知也。”为七年公伐(fa)邾传。

冬，十二月，辛巳，臧僖伯卒。公曰：“叔父(fu)有憾於(wu)寡人(ren)，诸侯称同姓大夫，长(zhang)曰伯父(fu)，少曰叔父(fu)。有恨(hen)，恨(hen)谏观鱼(yu)不听。

[疏]注“诸侯”至“不听”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：《诗·伐木(mu)》篇毛(mao)传曰(yue)：“天子(zi)谓(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)(tong)姓(xing)诸侯，诸侯谓(wei)(wei)同(tong)(tong)(tong)姓(xing)大(da)(da)夫(fu)，皆(jie)曰(yue)父(fu)，异姓(xing)则(ze)(ze)称舅(jiu)。”《觐礼》载(zai)天子(zi)呼诸侯之(zhi)称，曰(yue)：“同(tong)(tong)(tong)姓(xing)大(da)(da)国则(ze)(ze)曰(yue)伯(bo)父(fu)，其(qi)异姓(xing)则(ze)(ze)曰(yue)伯(bo)舅(jiu)；同(tong)(tong)(tong)姓(xing)小(xiao)邦则(ze)(ze)曰(yue)叔(shu)父(fu)，其(qi)异姓(xing)则(ze)(ze)曰(yue)叔(shu)舅(jiu)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)诸侯之(zhi)国有大(da)(da)小(xiao)之(zhi)异，大(da)(da)夫(fu)无地之(zhi)大(da)(da)小(xiao)，明以年之(zhi)长少为(wei)(wei)异。庄十四(si)年传称郑厉公(gong)谓(wei)(wei)原繁为(wei)(wei)伯(bo)父(fu)。《礼记·祭统》称卫(wei)庄公(gong)呼孔悝(kui)为(wei)(wei)叔(shu)舅(jiu)。诸侯呼异姓(xing)大(da)(da)夫(fu)为(wei)(wei)伯(bo)舅(jiu)，同(tong)(tong)(tong)姓(xing)大(da)(da)夫(fu)为(wei)(wei)叔(shu)父(fu)者(zhe)，虽则(ze)(ze)无文，明亦然(ran)矣。僖(xi)伯(bo)者(zhe)，孝公(gong)之(zhi)子(zi)，惠(hui)公(gong)之(zhi)弟。惠(hui)公(gong)立四(si)十六年而薨，则(ze)(ze)子(zi)臧(zang)此时(shi)年非幼少，呼曰(yue)叔(shu)父(fu)者(zhe)，是(shi)隐公(gong)之(zhi)亲叔(shu)父(fu)也。此注(zhu)自(zi)言臣之(zhi)大(da)(da)法(fa)耳。

寡人弗敢忘。葬之加一等。”加命服(fu)之等。

宋人(ren)伐(fa)郑(zheng)，围(wei)长葛，以报入(ru)郛之役也。

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