●卷四
均人，掌均地政，均地守，均地职，均人民、牛马、车辇之力政。（政读为征。地征谓地守、地职之税也。地守，衡虞之属。地职，农圃之属。力征，人民则治城郭、涂巷、沟渠、牛马、车辇则转委积之属。
○政，音征，出注下同。）
[疏]“均人”至“力政”
○释曰：均人所均地政已下，总均畿内乡遂及公邑。云“均地政”者，谓均地守、地职二者之税，使皆十一而出税，又均人民已下力征之事。
○注“政读”至“之属”
○释曰(yue)：郑破政(zheng)为征者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)经政(zheng)是政(zheng)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)，非征税(shui)(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征，故破之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。郑又知地(di)(di)(di)征是地(di)(di)(di)守(shou)、地(di)(di)(di)职之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)税(shui)(shui)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)其(qi)出税(shui)(shui)无过地(di)(di)(di)守(shou)、地(di)(di)(di)职二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)，故知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“地(di)(di)(di)守(shou)，衡虞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，亦谓畿内川衡、林衡、山虞、泽(ze)虞，皆遣其(qi)地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民守(shou)护(hu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。及其(qi)入山林川泽(ze)取(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，使出税(shui)(shui)以(yi)当邦(bang)(bang)赋。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“地(di)(di)(di)职农圃之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)即(ji)《大宰》九(jiu)职云(yun)(yun)(yun)“一曰(yue)三农”、“二(er)曰(yue)园圃”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属，以(yi)九(jiu)职任(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，因使出税(shui)(shui)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“力(li)征”已(yi)下并“车辇”，并是力(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)征税(shui)(shui)。若然，《土均(jun)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“掌平地(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)，以(yi)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)守(shou)，以(yi)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)事(shi)，以(yi)均(jun)地(di)(di)(di)贡”。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“所平之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)税(shui)(shui)，邦(bang)(bang)国都(dou)鄙也。”与此(ci)乡遂及公邑(yi)别。彼(bi)又云(yun)(yun)(yun)“地(di)(di)(di)贡”，郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)贡”，与此(ci)九(jiu)职之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贡又不同(tong)也。
凡均力政，以岁上下。丰年则公旬用三日焉，中年则公旬用二日焉，无年则公旬用一日焉。（丰年，人食四之岁也。人食三为中岁。人食二为无岁，岁无赢储也。公，事也。旬，均也。读如“┿┿原隰”之┿。《易》“坤为均”，今书亦有作旬者。
○上(shang)，时(shi)掌反。，房甫反。┿，音均，又舒均反，又音旬，聂氏常纯(chun)反。）
[疏]“凡均”至“日焉”
○释曰：此所均力政者，即上人民之力征，不通牛马车辇，故《礼记·王制》云“用民之力岁不过三日”，是此亦据人而言也。云“以岁上下”者，上即丰年，下即俭年也。“丰年则公旬用三日”者，公，事也。旬，均也。谓为事均用三日也。
○注“丰年”至“旬者”
○释曰：郑(zheng)知“丰年人食四”已(yi)下者，案《廪(lin)人》云“人四上也(ye)(ye)(ye)，人三(san)中也(ye)(ye)(ye)，人二(er)(er)下也(ye)(ye)(ye)”而知之(zhi)(zhi)。彼(bi)又云“不(bu)(bu)能人二(er)(er)，则(ze)(ze)令邦移(yi)民就(jiu)”，此时则(ze)(ze)无(wu)力征矣。若(ruo)然(ran)，此食二(er)(er)而言无(wu)年。无(wu)年者，郑(zheng)云“无(wu)赢储”，仍未移(yi)民就(jiu)贱。此无(wu)年与彼(bi)不(bu)(bu)能人二(er)(er)之(zhi)(zhi)岁不(bu)(bu)同(tong)，彼(bi)不(bu)(bu)能人二(er)(er)，自然(ran)无(wu)赢储也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“公(gong)，事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者，此天(tian)子之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，非诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，不(bu)(bu)得为(wei)公(gong)君解之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)从(cong)公(gong)事(shi)而释也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“旬(xun)(xun)(xun)，均(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者，《王(wang)制》既云“用(yong)民岁不(bu)(bu)过三(san)日”，明不(bu)(bu)得为(wei)旬(xun)(xun)(xun)十(shi)日解之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)破从(cong)均(jun)。恐不(bu)(bu)平，故(gu)云均(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“读如┿┿原隰之(zhi)(zhi)┿”者，彼(bi)《诗》┿┿是均(jun)田之(zhi)(zhi)意，故(gu)读从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)。云“《易(yi)》坤为(wei)均(jun)，今书亦有作旬(xun)(xun)(xun)”者，彼(bi)《易(yi)》坤为(wei)地(di)，地(di)德均(jun)平，是以均(jun)为(wei)义。今书，今《易(yi)》书有作旬(xun)(xun)(xun)字者。旬(xun)(xun)(xun)与均(jun)，旬(xun)(xun)(xun)与均(jun)俱有均(jun)平之(zhi)(zhi)意，故(gu)引为(wei)证也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凶札则无(wu)力政，无(wu)财赋(fu)。（无(wu)力政，恤其劳也(ye)。无(wu)财赋(fu)，恤其乏困也(ye)。财赋(fu)，九赋(fu)也(ye)。）
[疏]“凶札”至“财赋”
○释曰：凶谓年不孰，札谓天下疫病，作无此力征及财赋二事。此即《廪人》云“不能人二”之岁。
○注“无力”至“赋也”
○释(shi)曰：云“财赋，九(jiu)(jiu)赋也”者(zhe)，此即《大宰(zai)》九(jiu)(jiu)赋，谓口(kou)率出泉。知赋中惟(wei)是九(jiu)(jiu)赋者(zhe)，以(yi)下(xia)文有地守、地职，故此惟(wei)有九(jiu)(jiu)赋也。若然(ran)，上(shang)均地政不言均九(jiu)(jiu)赋，亦均之(zhi)可知。
不(bu)收地守(shou)、地职，不(bu)均地政。（不(bu)收山泽及(ji)地税，亦不(bu)平计地税也。非凶札(zha)之岁当收税，乃均之耳。）三年大(da)比，则大(da)均。（有年无年，大(da)平计之。若久不(bu)，则数或阙。）
[疏]注“有年”至“或阙”
○释曰：经既云(yun)大均(jun)，明知(zhi)有年及无(wu)年，皆须(xu)大平均(jun)计之也。云(yun)“久不(bu)(bu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)数(shu)或(huo)阙(que)”者，三年一阙(que)，是其久。久不(bu)(bu)谓不(bu)(bu)大平计，则(ze)(ze)(ze)其中间(jian)不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)其数(shu)。不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)其数(shu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)是数(shu)阙(que)也。
师氏，掌以[A134]诏王。（告王以善道也。《文王世子》曰：“师也者，教之以事而谕诸德者也。”
○[A134]，音美(mei)。）
[疏]“师氏”至“诏王”
○释曰：[A134]，美也。师氏掌以前世美善之道，以诏告於王，庶王行其美道也。
○注“告王”至“者也”
○释曰(yue)：引《文王(wang)(wang)世(shi)子》者，彼是师氏教世(shi)子礼，引为(wei)诏王(wang)(wang)者，但诏王(wang)(wang)以(yi)道无文，彼教世(shi)子与教王(wang)(wang)同，故取以(yi)为(wei)证也(ye)(ye)(ye)。谕，晓也(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸，於(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼谓教世(shi)子以(yi)君(jun)臣、父(fu)子、长幼(you)之事(shi)，而(er)晓之以(yi)德(de)，今诏王(wang)(wang)亦(yi)晓之以(yi)德(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
以三德教国子：一曰至德，以为道本；二曰敏德，以为行本；三曰孝德，以知逆恶。教三行：一曰孝行，以亲父母；二曰友行，以尊贤良；三曰顺行，以事师长。（德行，内外之称。在心为德，施之为行。至德，中和之德，覆焘持载含容者也。孔子曰：“中庸之为德，其至矣乎。”敏德，仁义顺时者也。《说命》曰：“敬孙务时敏，厥乃来。”孝德，尊祖爱亲，守其所以生者也。孔子曰：“武王、周公，其达孝矣乎。夫孝者，善继人之志，善述人之事者也。”孝在三德之下、三行之上，德有广於孝，而行莫尊焉。国子，公卿大夫之子弟，师氏教之，而世子亦齿焉，学君臣、父子、长幼之道。
○行，下孟反(fan)，下及注同。知(zhi)，音智(zhi)。称，尺证反(fan)。焘，徒报(bao)反(fan)。说，音悦。孙，音逊(xun)。夫，音扶(fu)。）
[疏]“以三”至“师长”
○释曰：以此三德教国子，王大子已下至元士之子也。云“一曰至德，以为道本”者，至德谓至极之德，以为行道之本也。“二曰敏德，以为行本”者，谓敏达之德，以为行行之本也。“三曰孝德，以知逆恶”者，善父母为孝，以孝德之孝以事父母，则知逆恶不行也。此上三德皆在心而行不见，故郑云“在心为德”也。云“一曰孝行，以亲父母”者，行善事父母之行，则能亲父母。冬温夏冫青，昏定晨省，尽爱敬之事也。云“二曰友行，以尊贤良”者，此行施於外人，故尊事贤人良人有德行之士也。云“三曰顺行，以事师长”者，此亦施於外人，行逊顺之行，事受业之师及朋友之长也。
○注“德行”至“之道”
○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，内外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称，在(zai)(zai)(zai)心(xin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，施(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“耻有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)无(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)(zai)内，行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)在(zai)(zai)(zai)外也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又见(jian)(jian)经(jing)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)，道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)。又孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)知(zhi)(zhi)逆(ni)恶(e)，亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)外之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)知(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)皆(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)内，与(yu)外行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)本(ben)。又三(san)(san)(san)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)亲(qin)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)施(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)·中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“致中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)和，天(tian)(tian)地(di)位(wei)焉(yan)”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“覆焘持(chi)载(zai)含(han)容者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)“至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”即《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诚”，一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼说“至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诚无(wu)(wu)(wu)息。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)息则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)久，久则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)徵(zhi)，徵(zhi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)悠(you)远，悠(you)远则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)博厚(hou)，博厚(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)高明(ming)(ming)(ming)。博厚(hou)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)物，高明(ming)(ming)(ming)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)覆物”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)若(ruo)天(tian)(tian)地(di)覆焘持(chi)载(zai)含(han)容者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣乎”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《论(lun)语·雍(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证此(ci)(ci)(ci)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)与(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)(jun)施(shi)政(zheng)，春夏行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)赏为(wei)(wei)(wei)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，秋冬行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)罚(fa)为(wei)(wei)(wei)义(yi)(yi)(yi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)敏(min)(min)疾为(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又引《说命》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“敬逊务时(shi)(shi)(shi)敏(min)(min)，厥乃来”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)·说命》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇，傅(fu)说告高宗以(yi)(yi)(yi)学(xue)(xue)(xue)问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。孙(sun)，顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。敏(min)(min)，疾也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。厥，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。为(wei)(wei)(wei)君(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，当恭敬顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，务在(zai)(zai)(zai)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)疾而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，乃从学(xue)(xue)(xue)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)来。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，尊(zun)祖爱(ai)亲(qin)，守(shou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如上(shang)(shang)二德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，直能善(shan)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，施(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)於(wu)(wu)亲(qin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)守(shou)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又引孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“武王(wang)(wang)(wang)周公(gong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)达孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)矣乎”至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)·中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)》文(wen)(wen)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)二人(ren)(ren)通达行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夫孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)善(shan)继人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志、善(shan)述(shu)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)庸(yong)(yong)》上(shang)(shang)文(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“无(wu)(wu)(wu)忧者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)惟(wei)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)乎！父(fu)(fu)作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)述(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)善(shan)继人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志。据(ju)周公(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)未大(da)(da)平，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)制(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)作乐(le)。周公(gong)摄(she)政(zheng)六年(nian)，大(da)(da)平，乃制(zhi)作礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)乐(le)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)继文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“考朕昭子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)刑，乃单文(wen)(wen)祖德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。善(shan)述(shu)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)能述(shu)父(fu)(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)伐纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《尚(shang)书(shu)(shu)序》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“惟(wei)十有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)，武王(wang)(wang)(wang)伐殷”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)(san)(san)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)、三(san)(san)(san)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)，德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)广於(wu)(wu)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)莫(mo)尊(zun)焉(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲见(jian)(jian)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，五(wu)(wu)帝(di)已(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，直明(ming)(ming)(ming)在(zai)(zai)(zai)心(xin)为(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)兼见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三(san)(san)(san)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)广於(wu)(wu)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)二德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)广於(wu)(wu)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)莫(mo)尊(zun)焉(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，三(san)(san)(san)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)施(shi)於(wu)(wu)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)，顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、友(you)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)施(shi)於(wu)(wu)外人(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)莫(mo)尊(zun)焉(yan)。莫(mo)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)尊(zun)於(wu)(wu)事(shi)父(fu)(fu)母(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“国(guo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，公(gong)卿大(da)(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)直言(yan)(yan)(yan)国(guo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。案(an)(an)(an)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)·王(wang)(wang)(wang)制(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“春秋教(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)乐(le)，冬夏教(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)诗(shi)书(shu)(shu)。”下(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、王(wang)(wang)(wang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、群书(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、卿大(da)(da)夫元士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)皆(jie)造焉(yan)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)卿大(da)(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)及(ji)(ji)元士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，略言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《王(wang)(wang)(wang)制(zhi)》惟(wei)言(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)弟，郑(zheng)(zheng)知(zhi)(zhi)兼有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)弟者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《大(da)(da)司乐(le)》及(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)皆(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“教(jiao)国(guo)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟”，连弟而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)兼言(yan)(yan)(yan)弟也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“师氏教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦齿焉(yan)，学(xue)(xue)(xue)君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣、父(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、长(zhang)幼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)约《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)(an)(an)彼云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)一(yi)(yi)物而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)善(shan)皆(jie)得(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，惟(wei)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)(yi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)齿於(wu)(wu)学(xue)(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)齿於(wu)(wu)学(xue)(xue)(xue)，国(guo)人(ren)(ren)观之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘将君(jun)(jun)(jun)我(wo)(wo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)与(yu)我(wo)(wo)齿让，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？’曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)父(fu)(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)然(ran)(ran)。’然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)众(zhong)知(zhi)(zhi)父(fu)(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)矣。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)二曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘将君(jun)(jun)(jun)我(wo)(wo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)与(yu)我(wo)(wo)齿让，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？’曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)君(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)然(ran)(ran)。’然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)众(zhong)著(zhu)於(wu)(wu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)矣。”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)(san)(san)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘将君(jun)(jun)(jun)我(wo)(wo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)与(yu)我(wo)(wo)齿让，何也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？’曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘长(zhang)长(zhang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。’然(ran)(ran)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)众(zhong)知(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)幼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节矣。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)世子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)与(yu)国(guo)人(ren)(ren)学(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)齿焉(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。案(an)(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)、孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》亦有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)等(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。案(an)(an)(an)《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)·道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)经(jing)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)可(ke)(ke)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，非常道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”。河上(shang)(shang)公(gong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“谓(wei)(wei)经(jing)术(shu)政(zheng)教(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，非自然(ran)(ran)长(zhang)生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。常道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)当以(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)养(yang)神，无(wu)(wu)(wu)事(shi)安民，含(han)光(guang)藏(zang)曜，灭(mie)迹匿端，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)称以(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。”又案(an)(an)(an)《德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)经(jing)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，凡以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”。河上(shang)(shang)公(gong)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，大(da)(da)古无(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)号(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)无(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)民，因循自然(ran)(ran)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)(jian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”，注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“下(xia)(xia)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)谓(wei)(wei)号(hao)谥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)见(jian)(jian)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功称，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)(wu)(wu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。”又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“失(shi)(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)後(hou)(hou)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)後(hou)(hou)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)後(hou)(hou)义(yi)(yi)(yi)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)後(hou)(hou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)衰(shuai)(shuai)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化，德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)爱(ai)见(jian)(jian)，仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)衰(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)忿争明(ming)(ming)(ming)，义(yi)(yi)(yi)衰(shuai)(shuai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)聘行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)玉(yu)帛。”又案(an)(an)(an)《握河纪(ji)》，尧(yao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“皇道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)帝(di)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，非朕所(suo)(suo)(suo)专”。又《中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)候(hou)义(yi)(yi)(yi)》明(ming)(ming)(ming)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“洞五(wu)(wu)九，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)阏(yan)(yan)邮”。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“阏(yan)(yan)，止。邮，过。言(yan)(yan)(yan)五(wu)(wu)帝(di)後(hou)(hou)洞三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)治各(ge)九百(bai)岁，当以(yi)(yi)(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)止过也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。案(an)(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)(ci)诸文(wen)(wen)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)覆焘持(chi)载(zai)含(han)容之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同(tong)於(wu)(wu)天(tian)(tian)地(di)，与(yu)《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》“常道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”及(ji)(ji)“上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)物，皆(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燧(sui)皇已(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)无(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)号(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)河上(shang)(shang)公(gong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“上(shang)(shang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)名(ming)(ming)号(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。此(ci)(ci)(ci)敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“可(ke)(ke)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)“非常道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)”、“下(xia)(xia)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，亦一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)河上(shang)(shang)公(gong)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“政(zheng)教(jiao)经(jing)术(shu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)名(ming)(ming)号(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)所(suo)(suo)(suo)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)”。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)(san)(san)皇五(wu)(wu)帝(di)为(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)，皆(jie)须仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)顺(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)(shun)时(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)，《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“失(shi)(shi)(shi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)皇行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)可(ke)(ke)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。五(wu)(wu)帝(di)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)下(xia)(xia)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，即尧(yao)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皇道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)帝(di)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”亦谓(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，於(wu)(wu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)同(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)敏(min)(min)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)同(tong)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耳。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)《老(lao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“失(shi)(shi)(shi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)(yi)(yi)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。”礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)专据(ju)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)洞五(wu)(wu)九，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)阏(yan)(yan)邮。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)，仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)前德(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)後(hou)(hou)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)五(wu)(wu)帝(di)与(yu)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)俱有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“尧(yao)、舜率天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)民从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“禹(yu)立三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)，百(bai)姓以(yi)(yi)(yi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)遂(sui)焉(yan)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)仁(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)义(yi)(yi)(yi)关在(zai)(zai)(zai)五(wu)(wu)帝(di)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然(ran)(ran)，《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“生(sheng)乎今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世，反古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)。”谓(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，全(quan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)非之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
居虎门之左，司王朝。（虎门，路寝门也。王日视朝於路寝门外，画虎焉以明勇猛，於守宜也。司犹察也，察王之视朝，若有善道可行者，则当前以诏王。
○朝(chao)，直(zhi)遥反，注及下皆同。）
[疏]“居虎”至“王朝”
○释曰：言师氏之官既知三德三行，故居路门之左画虎之处，司察王朝，若有善事可行者，则前告王，有所改为也。
○注“虎门”至“诏王”
○释曰(yue)：郑(zheng)知(zhi)虎(hu)门(men)是(shi)路寝门(men)者，其(qi)路寝庭朝及库门(men)外(wai)之朝，非常(chang)朝之处(chu)，司士所(suo)掌路门(men)外(wai)是(shi)常(chang)朝，日(ri)所(suo)朝之所(suo)。经云“司王(wang)朝”，明(ming)据此(ci)朝，故郑(zheng)以(yi)路寝门(men)外(wai)解之。此(ci)即上文(wen)“以(yi)美诏王(wang)”之义也。
掌国中失之事，以教国子弟，（教之者，使识旧事也。中，中礼者也。失，失礼者也。故书“中”为“得”，杜子春云：“当为得，记君得失，若《春秋》是也。”
○中，郑(zheng)丁仲反，注(zhu)“中”、“中礼(li)者”同，杜音得。）
[疏]“掌国”至“子弟”
○释曰：以其师氏知德行，识其善恶得失，故掌国家中礼、失礼之事，以教国之子弟。国之子弟即王大子已下，言弟，即王庶子。以其诸侯已下皆以子入国学，庶子不入，故知也。
○注“教之”至“是也”
○释曰：云“教之(zhi)(zhi)使识旧事(shi)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，即(ji)中(zhong)失之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)是也(ye)(ye)。云“中(zhong)，中(zhong)礼也(ye)(ye)”，又引子春(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)义，从古(gu)书中(zhong)为(wei)得(de)，得(de)谓得(de)礼者(zhe)，中(zhong)与得(de)俱合於(wu)义，故(gu)(gu)两(liang)从之(zhi)(zhi)。言“若《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》”者(zhe)，《玉藻》云：“动则(ze)左(zuo)史书之(zhi)(zhi)，言则(ze)右史书之(zhi)(zhi)。”是记君得(de)失之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，故(gu)(gu)云若《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》也(ye)(ye)。此《春(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)》即(ji)鲁史是也(ye)(ye)，谓记君之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)。
凡国之贵(gui)游(you)子弟学(xue)(xue)焉(yan)。（贵(gui)游(you)子弟，王公(gong)之子弟。游(you)，无官司者(zhe)。杜子春云：“游(you)当为(wei)犹，言虽贵(gui)犹学(xue)(xue)。”）
[疏]“凡国”至“学焉”
○释曰：言“凡国之贵游子弟”，即上国之子弟。言游者，以其未仕而在学，游暇习业。
○注“贵游”至“犹学”
○释曰：云(yun)“王(wang)(wang)公之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)弟”者，此(ci)即《王(wang)(wang)制》云(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)子(zi)、王(wang)(wang)子(zi)、群后之(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)子(zi)、卿大(da)(da)夫(fu)元士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)。”公即三公群后。卿大(da)(da)夫(fu)元士(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)略言之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)“游(you)(you)，无(wu)官司者”，官司则事(shi)繁(fan)，不(bu)得为(wei)游(you)(you)，故郑以无(wu)官司解之(zhi)(zhi)。郑既以游(you)(you)为(wei)无(wu)官司，又引子(zi)春“游(you)(you)当(dang)为(wei)犹，言虽贵(gui)犹学”者，亦义得两(liang)通，故引之(zhi)(zhi)在下也(ye)。
凡祭祀、宾客、会同、丧纪、军旅，王举则从。（举犹行也。故书“举”为“与”，杜子春云：“当为与，谓王与会同丧纪之事。”
○从，才(cai)用反。与，音预，下同。）
[疏]“凡祭”至“则从”
○释曰：祭祀则郊庙及山川社稷总是也。宾客谓诸侯及卿大夫来朝聘，或在朝，或在庙。会同亦或在畿内，或在畿外。军旅谓出畿外征伐。王举者，举，行也。此数事，王行之时师氏则从，以王所在，皆须诏王以美道故也。
○注“举犹”至“之事”
○释曰：既训举为(wei)行，又引子(zi)春从(cong)故书为(wei)与(yu)者，亦义(yi)得两通(tong)，故亦引之(zhi)在下也。
听治亦如之。（谓王举於野外以听朝。
○治，直吏反，下同。）
[疏]“听治亦如之”
○释曰：即上数事，王(wang)所在皆有(you)朝以(yi)听治(zhi)之(zhi)，故从王(wang)。亦如(ru)上虎门之(zhi)左同，故云“亦如(ru)之(zhi)”。
使其属帅四夷之隶，各以其兵服守王之门外，且跸。（兵服，旃布、弓隶不同也。门外，中门之外。跸，止行人不得迫王宫也。故书“隶”或作“肆”，郑司农云：“读为隶。”
○跸，音毕。）
[疏]“使其”至“且跸”
○释曰：云“使其属”者，属即《序官》师氏中大夫之下有属官上士二人，并有府史胥徒之等。使此人帅四夷之隶，若《秋官》蛮隶之等，各使四夷隶以其本国之兵器及其服，以守王之门外以卫王，并使跸止行人，故云且跸也。
○注“兵服”至“为隶”
○释(shi)曰：云“兵(bing)(bing)服，旃布(bu)及(ji)弓(gong)(gong)剑(jian)”者，东方、南方，其(qi)服布(bu)，其(qi)兵(bing)(bing)剑(jian)；西(xi)方、北方，其(qi)服旃，其(qi)兵(bing)(bing)弓(gong)(gong)矢。云“门外(wai)，中门之外(wai)”者，案(an)阍人(ren)掌(zhang)中门之禁，则中门内也，人(ren)不得(de)入，明在中门之外(wai)。
朝在(zai)野外，则守(shou)内(nei)列。（内(nei)列，蕃营之在(zai)内(nei)者也。其属(shu)亦(yi)帅四(si)夷之隶守(shou)之，如(ru)守(shou)王宫。）
[疏]“朝在”至“内列”
○释曰：云“朝在野外”，即上文“听治”是也。
○注“内列”至“王宫”
○释曰：云“内(nei)列，蕃营之(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)内(nei)”者，言蕃营之(zhi)(zhi)在(zai)内(nei)，谓若《司戈(ge)盾》云“及舍，设(she)蕃盾”者也(ye)。案：《司隶(li)职》云“守野(ye)舍之(zhi)(zhi)厉禁”，上文云“使其(qi)(qi)属(shu)帅四夷(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)隶(li)”，则二处皆帅四夷(yi)隶(li)守之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)云“其(qi)(qi)属(shu)亦帅四夷(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)隶(li)守之(zhi)(zhi)，如守王宫(gong)”也(ye)。
保氏，掌(zhang)谏王恶。（谏者，以礼(li)义(yi)正(zheng)之。《文王世子》曰(yue)：“保也者，慎(shen)其(qi)身以辅翼之，而归(gui)诸道者也。”）
[疏]“保氏掌谏王恶”
○释曰：“掌谏王恶”者，师氏掌三德、三行，以美道诏王；保氏以师氏之德行审喻王，王有恶则谏之，故云掌谏王恶。
○注“谏者”至“者也”
○释(shi)曰：云“谏(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)礼义(yi)(yi)正之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，君臣主义(yi)(yi)，故(gu)知谏(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)礼义(yi)(yi)谏(jian)正王(wang)也(ye)。引《文王(wang)世子》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彼亦是教世子法(fa)，以(yi)教世子法(fa)保(bao)(bao)护王(wang)身同(tong)，故(gu)引之(zhi)。以(yi)其保(bao)(bao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)是保(bao)(bao)安之(zhi)义(yi)(yi)，故(gu)使王(wang)谨慎其身而(er)归於(wu)道。
而养国子以道，乃教之六艺：一曰五礼，二曰六乐，三曰五射，四曰五驭，五曰六书，六曰九数；乃教之六仪：一曰祭祀之容，二曰宾客之容，三曰朝廷之容，四曰丧纪之容，五曰军旅之容，六曰车马之容。（养国子以道者，以师氏之德行审谕之，而後教之以艺仪也。五礼，吉、凶、宾、军、嘉也。六乐，《云门》、《大咸》、《大韶》、《大夏》、《大》、《大武》也。郑司农云：“五射，白矢、参连、剡注、襄尺、井仪也。五驭，鸣和鸾、逐水曲、过君表、舞交衢、逐禽左。六书，象形、会意、转注、处事、假借、谐声也。九数，方田、粟米、差分、少广、商功、均输、方程、赢不足、旁要。今有重差、夕桀、句股也。祭祀之容，穆穆皇皇。宾客之容，严恪矜庄。朝廷之容，济济跄跄。丧纪之容，涕涕翔翔。军旅之容，阚阚仰仰。车马之容，颠颠堂堂。”玄谓祭祀之容，齐齐皇皇。宾客之容，穆穆皇皇。朝廷之容，济济翔翔。丧纪之容，累累颠颠。军旅之容，暨暨讠各讠各。车马之容，匪匪翼翼。
○驭，音御。德行，下(xia)(xia)孟(meng)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下(xia)(xia)文及注(zhu)同(tong)。剡，羊甚反(fan)(fan)(fan)。注(zhu)，之树反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下(xia)(xia)同(tong)。襄，音让，本(ben)作让，诸音非(fei)。差，初(chu)佳反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)(you)初(chu)宜反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下(xia)(xia)同(tong)。重，直(zhi)龙反(fan)(fan)(fan)。夕桀，音的，沈(shen)祥易反(fan)(fan)(fan)，此二字非(fei)郑注(zhu)。严(yan)，如(ru)字，又(you)(you)音俨(yan)。济(ji)，子礼(li)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。跄，七良反(fan)(fan)(fan)。阚(kan)，呼槛反(fan)(fan)(fan)。仰，本(ben)又(you)(you)作，五(wu)刚反(fan)(fan)(fan)。济(ji)皇，上(shang)子礼(li)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)(you)音齐；下(xia)(xia)于况反(fan)(fan)(fan)，又(you)(you)音往。累颠，上(shang)律悲反(fan)(fan)(fan)；下(xia)(xia)音田，又(you)(you)如(ru)字。暨，其器反(fan)(fan)(fan)。讠各，五(wu)格反(fan)(fan)(fan)。匪(fei)，芳非(fei)反(fan)(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]“而养”至“教之”
○释曰：此道即上《师氏》三德、三行，故郑云“以师氏之德行审喻之，乃教之六艺”已下。此乃保氏所专教也。
○注“养国”至“翼翼”
○释(shi)曰：案(an)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王世子(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大传(chuan)审(shen)父子(zi)、君(jun)臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，少傅奉世子(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)观大傅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)行(xing)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)审(shen)喻(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。师(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)喻(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)德(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；保(bao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，慎其(qi)(qi)身以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辅翼(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)归诸(zhu)(zhu)道者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”不云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)保(bao)氏以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)师(shi)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)行(xing)审(shen)喻(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义(yi)约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。少傅既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大傅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)审(shen)喻(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，明(ming)保(bao)氏亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)师(shi)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)行(xing)审(shen)喻(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可知，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)礼，吉凶(xiong)宾(bin)军(jun)嘉”，《大宗(zong)伯》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。“六(liu)乐《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)》”已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，《大司乐》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。先郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)射(she)白矢(shi)(shi)(shi)”已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，无正(zheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，或(huo)先郑(zheng)(zheng)别(bie)有(you)(you)所见，或(huo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)白矢(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，矢(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)侯(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)贯侯(hou)过(guo)，见其(qi)(qi)镞白。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)参连(lian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，前(qian)放一(yi)(yi)矢(shi)(shi)(shi)，後(hou)三矢(shi)(shi)(shi)连(lian)续(xu)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)去也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)剡注(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓羽头高镞低而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)去，剡剡然。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)襄(xiang)尺(chi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，臣与(yu)君(jun)射(she)，不与(yu)君(jun)并立，襄(xiang)君(jun)一(yi)(yi)尺(chi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)退。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)井仪者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，四矢(shi)(shi)(shi)贯侯(hou)，如(ru)井之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)仪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)五(wu)驭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，驭车(che)有(you)(you)五(wu)种。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)鸣(ming)和(he)鸾者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，和(he)在(zai)式，鸾在(zai)衡。案(an)《韩诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“升车(che)则(ze)马动(dong)，马动(dong)则(ze)鸾鸣(ming)，鸾鸣(ming)则(ze)和(he)应。”先郑(zheng)(zheng)依此而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)逐(zhu)水(shui)曲者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，无正(zheng)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，先郑(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言，谓御车(che)随逐(zhu)水(shui)势之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)屈曲而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不坠(zhui)水(shui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)过(guo)君(jun)表(biao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓若(ruo)《毛传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“褐(he)缠旃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)门(men)，裘缠质(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，间(jian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)握，驱而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)入(ru)，{车(che)}则(ze)不得入(ru)。”《梁(liang)》亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“艾兰以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)防，置旃以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)辕门(men)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)葛覆质(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei){执木}，流旁(pang)握，御{车(che)}者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不得入(ru)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)过(guo)君(jun)表(biao)即褐(he)缠旃是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)舞交(jiao)衢者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，衢，道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓御车(che)在(zai)交(jiao)道，车(che)旋应於舞节。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)逐(zhu)禽左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓御驱逆(ni)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)车(che)，逆(ni)驱禽兽使左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，当人(ren)君(jun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)射(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，人(ren)君(jun)自左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)射(she)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《毛传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“故(gu)(gu)(gu)自左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)膘而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)射(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，达于右(you)禺(yu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)杀(sha)。”又《礼记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“佐车(che)止(zhi)，则(ze)百姓田猎”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)六(liu)书象(xiang)(xiang)形(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，皆依许氏《说文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)象(xiang)(xiang)形(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，日月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，象(xiang)(xiang)日月(yue)(yue)形(xing)体而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会意者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，武(wu)信(xin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，人(ren)言为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)信(xin)，止(zhi)戈为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)，会合人(ren)意，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)会意也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)转注(zhu)(zhu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，考老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，建类(lei)(lei)一(yi)(yi)首，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)意相受，左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)右(you)相注(zhu)(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)转注(zhu)(zhu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)处事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，上(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，人(ren)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)，人(ren)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，各有(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)处，事(shi)得其(qi)(qi)宜(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)处事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)假(jia)借者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，令长之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，一(yi)(yi)字(zi)两用，故(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)(ming)假(jia)借也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。六(liu)曰云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)谐声(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即形(xing)声(sheng)(sheng)，一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，江河(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)水(shui)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)形(xing)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)工可为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)声(sheng)(sheng)。但书有(you)(you)六(liu)体，形(xing)声(sheng)(sheng)实多，若(ruo)江河(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)形(xing)右(you)声(sheng)(sheng)，鸠鸽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)右(you)形(xing)左(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)声(sheng)(sheng)，草藻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)形(xing)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)声(sheng)(sheng)，婆娑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)声(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)形(xing)疲国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外形(xing)内(nei)声(sheng)(sheng)，阙衡衔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外声(sheng)(sheng)内(nei)形(xing)，此声(sheng)(sheng)形(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)有(you)(you)六(liu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。依郑(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)，案(an)《孝经纬·援神契》，三皇无文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，则(ze)五(wu)帝已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)始有(you)(you)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)说者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)多以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苍颉为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黄(huang)帝史，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)造(zao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)字(zi)起在(zai)黄(huang)帝，於後(hou)滋益而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)多者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)九(jiu)(jiu)数(shu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，方田已(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，皆依《九(jiu)(jiu)章算术(shu)》而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“今有(you)(you)重差(cha)、夕桀(jie)、句股也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此汉法(fa)增(zeng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。马氏注(zhu)(zhu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)今有(you)(you)重差(cha)、夕桀(jie)，夕桀(jie)亦(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)算术(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，与(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)异(yi)。案(an)今《九(jiu)(jiu)章》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)句股替旁(pang)要(yao)，则(ze)旁(pang)要(yao)，句股之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“祭(ji)(ji)祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)穆(mu)穆(mu)皇皇”至“堂(tang)堂(tang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先郑(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意所释(shi)，不依经典，故(gu)(gu)(gu)後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)不从(cong)。後(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“祭(ji)(ji)祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)齐齐皇皇，宾(bin)客之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)穆(mu)穆(mu)皇皇，朝廷(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)济(ji)济(ji)翔翔”，已(yi)(yi)上(shang)皆《礼记·少仪》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)；“丧纪之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)累累颠颠，军(jun)旅(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)暨(ji)暨(ji)讠各讠各”，《礼记·玉藻》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)；“车(che)马之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)匪匪翼(yi)翼(yi)”，亦(yi)《少仪》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)《少仪》注(zhu)(zhu)还引此六(liu)仪以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)证彼也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡祭祀、宾客、会同、丧纪、军旅，王举则从。听治亦如之。使其属守王闱。（闱，宫中之巷门。
○闱，音韦。）
[疏]“凡祭”至“王闱”
○释曰：言“亦(yi)如之”已(yi)上，与师氏(shi)同(tong)从王(wang)(wang)之事(shi)。其(qi)属守王(wang)(wang)闱(wei)者，亦(yi)谓(wei)在国(guo)，其(qi)师氏(shi)守中门外，此(ci)保氏(shi)守王(wang)(wang)闱(wei)门。
司谏，掌纠万民之德而劝之朋友，正其行而强之道艺，巡问而观察之，以时书其德行道艺，辨其能而可任於国事者。（朋友，相切磋以善道也。强犹劝也。《学记》曰：“强而弗抑则易。”巡问，行问民间也。可任於国事，任吏职。
○强，其丈反，注同。易，以豉(chi)反。）
[疏]“司谏”至“事者”
○释曰：“以时书其德行道艺”者，此万民时所习，即《大司徒》所云：“以乡三物教万民，一曰六德，知仁圣义忠和；二曰六行，孝友睦姻任恤。”此德行也。彼又云：“三曰六艺，礼乐射御书数。”即此道艺也。云“辨其能而可任於国事”者，案《乡大夫职》云“兴贤者能者”，贤谓德行，能谓道艺。彼则贤能俱兴，此直云办其能可任於国事，不言贤者，既办其能，则贤者自然亦办而举之可知也。
○注“朋友”至“吏职”
○释(shi)曰：案郑注(zhu)《论(lun)语》“同(tong)(tong)门曰朋，同(tong)(tong)志(zhi)曰友”，则彼(bi)其共在学者，切(qie)(qie)磋以道义。此劝(quan)万民(min)为(wei)(wei)友朋，则若《孟子》所云(yun)(yun)“守望(wang)相(xiang)助，出(chu)入相(xiang)友”者同(tong)(tong)，故郑云(yun)(yun)切(qie)(qie)磋以善道也。云(yun)(yun)“任吏(li)职”者，案《乡(xiang)大夫》，所举者谓(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)民(min)之有德(de)行道艺。云(yun)(yun)“办其能为(wei)(wei)吏(li)职”者，亦谓(wei)(wei)以人治(zhi)之。若然，任吏(li)职者谓(wei)(wei)使为(wei)(wei)比长、闾(lv)胥、族师(shi)之类(lei)是也。
以考乡里之治，以诏废置，以行赦宥。（因巡问劝强万民，而考乡里吏民罪过，以告王所当罪不。
○行，下(xia)孟反，注同。）
[疏]注“因巡”至“罪不”
○释曰：“司谏考乡里之(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)，由上(shang)文巡问(wen)即察(cha)官民善(shan)不也。云(yun)“而考乡里吏民罪过(guo)”者(zhe)，以巡问(wen)观(guan)察(cha)万民，则知吏之(zhi)治(zhi)(zhi)不，故郑兼吏民总(zong)言(yan)之(zhi)。
司救，掌万民之[B103]恶过失而诛让之，以礼防禁而救之。（[B103]恶，谓侮慢长老、语言无忌而未丽於罪者。过失，亦由[B103]恶酗[B12C]好讼，若抽拔兵器，误以行伤害人丽於罪者。诛，诛责也。古者重刑，且责怒之，未即罪也。
○救，如(ru)字，刘音拘。[B103]，似(si)嗟反(fan)，注作[B103]，同。酗，况(kuang)付反(fan)。[B12C]，音咏。好讼，呼报反(fan)。）
[疏]“司救”至“救之”
○释曰：云“掌万民之[B103]恶过失而诛让之”者，此经与下文二经为总目也。则云[B103]恶谓坐嘉石之罢民，不入圜土者。过失谓不坐嘉石入圜土者也。云而诛让之者，即下二文“三让”是也。云“以礼防禁而救之”者，此[B103]恶及过失，皆去冠饰，其过失者又使入圜土耳。云救之者，皆使困苦而令改恶从善，是救之也。
○注“[B103]恶”至“罪也”
○释曰(yue)：[B103]恶(e)云(yun)“未(wei)(wei)丽於罪(zui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓未(wei)(wei)附於圜土(tu)之(zhi)罪(zui)也(ye)。云(yun)“酗[B12C]”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，孔注《尚书》曰(yue)：“以酒为凶曰(yue)酗。”此(ci)据(ju)(ju)字酒旁为凶，是因酒为凶者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。若然，[B12C]者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，荣(rong)下作酉，小人(ren)饮酒，一醉日富，亦(yi)因酒为荣(rong)。俱是酒之(zhi)省水之(zhi)字也(ye)。云(yun)“丽於罪(zui)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓附圜土(tu)罪(zui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。云(yun)“古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)重刑(xing)(xing)，且(qie)责(ze)怒之(zhi)，未(wei)(wei)即罪(zui)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑云(yun)古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)重刑(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据(ju)(ju)周时为古(gu)。云(yun)责(ze)解经“诛”，怒之(zhi)解经“罚(fa)”也(ye)。云(yun)未(wei)(wei)即罪(zui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，各有所对，此(ci)圜土(tu)对五(wu)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)刑(xing)(xing)人(ren)，则是未(wei)(wei)即罪(zui)也(ye)。以其未(wei)(wei)入五(wu)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)罪(zui)，且(qie)役之(zhi)耳。郑必知过(guo)失(shi)亦(yi)由(you)[B103]恶(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《司寇职(zhi)》云(yun)“以嘉(jia)石平罢(ba)民”，又云(yun)“圜土(tu)收教罢(ba)民”，二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)同(tong)名罢(ba)民，以其为恶(e)大者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆因小以致大，故知过(guo)失(shi)之(zhi)重亦(yi)因[B103]恶(e)之(zhi)轻(qing)也(ye)。
凡民之有[B103]恶者，三让三罚，而士加明刑，耻诸嘉石，役诸司空。（罚谓挞击之也。加明刑者，去其冠饰，而书其[B103]恶之状，著之背也。嘉石，朝士所掌，在外朝之门左，使坐焉以耻辱之；既而役诸司空，使事官作之也。坐役之数，存於司寇。
○去，起吕反。著(zhu)，直略(lve)反，一(yi)音丁略(lve)反。）
[疏]“凡民”至“司空”
○释曰：此一经论[B103]恶嘉石之罢民也。云“三让而罚？恶者，凡欲治罚人者，皆先以言语责让之，乃行治罚。云“三罚而士加明刑”，三罚既讫，乃送司寇，使朝士於外朝坐嘉石耻之也。云“役诸司空”者，坐讫，乃送司空，使役之也。
○注“罚谓”至“司寇”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“加(jia)明(ming)刑(xing)者，去(qu)其冠饰”者，案《司(si)(si)圜》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡害人(ren)者弗使冠饰”，彼(bi)(bi)据(ju)过失入圜土者。但(dan)冠尊，不居肉袒(tan)之(zhi)(zhi)体，岂嘉石之(zhi)(zhi)罢民而著冠乎(hu)？明(ming)其去(qu)冠饰也(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)书(shu)(shu)其罪状者，以(yi)其称(cheng)明(ming)刑(xing)，既不亏(kui)体，明(ming)知(zhi)书(shu)(shu)其罪状著於背(bei)为明(ming)刑(xing)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“嘉石朝士(shi)”至“外朝之(zhi)(zhi)门左”，并《朝士(shi)职(zhi)》文。故(gu)彼(bi)(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“左嘉石，平罢民也(ye)(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“役(yi)诸司(si)(si)空，使事官作之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)”者，以(yi)其司(si)(si)空主事故(gu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“坐(zuo)(zuo)役(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)存於司(si)(si)寇(kou)”者，《司(si)(si)寇(kou)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“重罪，旬有三日(ri)坐(zuo)(zuo)，期(qi)役(yi)；其次(ci)九(jiu)(jiu)日(ri)坐(zuo)(zuo)，九(jiu)(jiu)月(yue)役(yi)；其次(ci)七(qi)日(ri)坐(zuo)(zuo)，七(qi)月(yue)役(yi)；其次(ci)五日(ri)坐(zuo)(zuo)，五月(yue)役(yi)；其下罪三日(ri)坐(zuo)(zuo)，三月(yue)役(yi)。”是其坐(zuo)(zuo)役(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)也(ye)(ye)。
其有过失者，三让而罚，三罚而归於圜土。（圜土，狱城也。过失近罪，昼日任之以事而收之，夜藏於狱，亦如明刑以耻之。不使坐嘉石，其罪已著，未忍刑之。
○近(jin)，附近(jin)之近(jin)。）
[疏]“其有”至“圜土”
○释曰：此经论圜土之刑人。云“三让而罚”者，亦如上三度责让乃治罚之，三罚讫，乃归与司寇，使纳之圜土也。
○注“圜土”至“刑之”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)“过失近罪(zui)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓对[B103]恶未近罪(zui)，此(ci)(ci)圜土(tu)之(zhi)刑(xing)(xing)人，近五(wu)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)罪(zui)，故(gu)(gu)入圜土(tu)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“昼日(ri)任之(zhi)以事”者(zhe)(zhe)，亦使(shi)司(si)空使(shi)之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“收(shou)之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)罪(zui)重(zhong)，使(shi)人收(shou)敛(lian)之(zhi)，不(bu)使(shi)漫游(you)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“夜藏於(wu)狱”者(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)与嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石者(zhe)(zhe)异。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦加(jia)明(ming)刑(xing)(xing)”者(zhe)(zhe)，亦如嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石以书其(qi)罪(zui)状著(zhu)於(wu)背以耻之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)使(shi)坐嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石，其(qi)罪(zui)已(yi)著(zhu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，彼坐嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石者(zhe)(zhe)，罪(zui)轻未著(zhu)，须(xu)坐嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石，使(shi)众人知(zhi)之(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)等罪(zui)重(zhong)已(yi)著(zhu)，不(bu)须(xu)坐嘉(jia)(jia)(jia)石也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“未忍(ren)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，比五(wu)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)罪(zui)又轻，故(gu)(gu)未忍(ren)刑(xing)(xing)之(zhi)也(ye)。
凡(fan)岁时有天患民病，则(ze)以节巡国(guo)中及郊野，而(er)以王命施(shi)惠。（天患，谓灾(zai)害也。节，旌节也。施(shi)惠，周恤之(zhi)。）
[疏]注“天患”至“恤之”
○释(shi)曰：“天(tian)患，谓灾(zai)(zai)害(hai)(hai)也”者，谓天(tian)与(yu)人物为灾(zai)(zai)害(hai)(hai)，谓水旱之灾(zai)(zai)及(ji)(ji)疫病之害(hai)(hai)也。知(zhi)节(jie)是(shi)(shi)旌(jing)节(jie)者，道(dao)路用旌(jing)节(jie)，此炯洳国及(ji)(ji)郊野是(shi)(shi)道(dao)路之事，故知(zhi)旌(jing)节(jie)也。
调(diao)人，掌司万民之难而(er)谐(xie)和(he)之。（难，相与(yu)为仇(chou)雠。谐(xie)犹(you)调(diao)也。）
[疏]“调人”至“和之”
○释曰：此一经与下经为总目。言“万民之难”即下经“凡和难”已下是也。
○注“难相与为仇雠”
○释(shi)曰：言“仇(chou)(chou)雠”者(zhe)，案《左氏桓(huan)公传》云(yun)“怨(yuan)耦曰仇(chou)(chou)”，则仇(chou)(chou)是怨(yuan)也；雠谓报也，即(ji)下文“父之雠”已下，皆是怨(yuan)当(dang)报之，故云(yun)仇(chou)(chou)雠也。
凡过而杀(sha)伤人(ren)者，以民(min)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。（过，无(wu)本(ben)意也(ye)。成(cheng)，平也(ye)。郑司农云：“以民(min)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓立证佐成(cheng)其(qi)罪也(ye)。一说以乡里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)共和解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，《春秋传》曰‘惠伯(bo)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)’之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属。”）
[疏]“凡过”至“成之”
○释曰：此谓非故心，是过误攻杀或伤於人者。成平也。既非故心，故共乡里之民共和解之。
○注“过无”至“之属”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：先郑(zheng)虽为(wei)(wei)两(liang)说(shuo)，後郑(zheng)以後说(shuo)为(wei)(wei)是，故下注云(yun)(yun)“上说(shuo)立(li)证佐成(cheng)其(qi)(qi)罪(zui)，似非(fei)”也。此过失(shi)(shi)即(ji)《司剌》云(yun)(yun)“再宥(you)曰(yue)过失(shi)(shi)”是也。引《春秋(qiu)》者，《左氏》文七年传云(yun)(yun)：“鲁穆(mu)伯(bo)娶於莒，曰(yue)戴己(ji)，其(qi)(qi)娣声己(ji)。戴己(ji)卒，又聘(pin)於莒，莒人以声己(ji)，辞则为(wei)(wei)襄仲(zhong)聘(pin)焉。”又云(yun)(yun)：“且为(wei)(wei)仲(zhong)迎，及鄢(yan)陵，登城见之，美，自(zi)为(wei)(wei)娶之。仲(zhong)请攻之，公(gong)将许之，叔仲(zhong)惠伯(bo)谏(jian)曰(yue)：‘臣闻兵作於内为(wei)(wei)乱，於外为(wei)(wei)寇(kou)。寇(kou)犹(you)及人，乱自(zi)及也。今臣作乱而君(jun)不禁，以启寇(kou)雠，若之何？’公(gong)止(zhi)之，惠伯(bo)成(cheng)之。”注云(yun)(yun)：“平二(er)子，使仲(zhong)舍之，公(gong)孙敖(ao)反之，复(fu)为(wei)(wei)兄(xiong)弟如(ru)初(chu)。”是其(qi)(qi)事(shi)也。
鸟兽亦如之。（过失杀伤人之畜产者。
○畜(chu)，许又反(fan)。）
[疏]“鸟兽亦如之”
○释曰(yue)：亦谓过误杀伤人之鸟(niao)兽，若鹰(ying)隼牛马(ma)之属(shu)，亦以民平和(he)之。案(an)：今(jin)杀伤人牛马(ma)之等(deng)，偿其价直耳(er)。和(he)之使辟於此，不(bu)得就(jiu)而仇之。
凡和难，父之雠辟诸海外，兄弟之雠辟诸千里之外，从父兄弟之雠不同国，君之雠氐父，师长之雠氐兄弟，主友之雠氐从父兄弟。（和之使辟於此，不得就而仇之。九夷、八蛮、六戎、五狄，谓之四海。主，大夫君也。《春秋传》曰：“晋荀偃卒而视不可含，宣子盥而抚之，曰：事吴敢不如事主。”
○辟，音(yin)(yin)避，下同。从(cong)，才用反。氐，音(yin)(yin)视(shi)。盥，音(yin)(yin)管(guan)。）
[疏]“凡和”至“兄弟”
○释曰：云“父之雠辟诸海外”已下，皆是杀人之贼，王法所当讨，即合杀之。但未杀之间，虽以会赦，犹当使离乡辟雠也。是以父之雠辟之海外，兄弟之雠辟诸千里之外。从父兄弟之雠不同国，别国即得。云“君之雠氐父者，谓同国人杀君，氐犹比，比父亦辟之海外。云“师长之雠氐兄弟”者，师长谓见受业师，与兄弟同。云“主友之雠氐从父兄弟”者，注云：“主，大夫君也。”此经略言，其不言者，皆以服约之：伯叔父母、姑姊妹、女子子在室及兄弟子、众子，一与兄弟同；其祖父母、曾祖父母、高祖父母，其孙承後，皆斩衰，皆与父同。其不承後者，祖与伯叔同，曾祖、高祖齐衰三月，皆与从父兄弟同，以其同绳屦故也。自外不见者，据服为断也。其兄弟及从父兄弟、师长、主友皆为无子，复无亲於己者，故据己亲疏为远近；若有子及亲於己，则自从亲为断。
○注“和之”至“事主”
○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：云“和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使辟(pi)(pi)於此(ci)”者，此(ci)谓(wei)海(hai)(hai)外(wai)、千里外(wai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等。云“九夷”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，据《职方》、《明堂(tang)位》而言。案(an)汉时徐州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)剌史(shi)荀(xun)文若(ruo)(ruo)问玄：“《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)辟(pi)(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)海(hai)(hai)外(wai)，今(jin)青州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)在(zai)(zai)辽(liao)东，可(ke)(ke)以王(wang)法(fa)纵(zong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)讨(tao)(tao)乎(hu)？”当问之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，玄已年老，昏耄(mao)，意忘九夷、八(ba)蛮、六戎、五(wu)狄(di)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四海(hai)(hai)。然(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》在(zai)(zai)四海(hai)(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，释(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)如(ru)是(shi)，亦是(shi)远(yuan)矣(yi)。近则(ze)(ze)(ze)青州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、辽(liao)东作难，未达周(zhou)公圣(sheng)意所(suo)趣。若(ruo)(ruo)文若(ruo)(ruo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难海(hai)(hai)水为(wei)(wei)(wei)四海(hai)(hai)，故今(jin)辨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。然(ran)(ran)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)近东夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)，当辟(pi)(pi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西戎，馀(yu)皆放此(ci)。引《春秋(qiu)》者，襄十八(ba)年《左氏》，晋(jin)荀(xun)偃(yan)伐(fa)齐，十九年，反(fan)。荀(xun)偃(yan)瘅疽，生(sheng)疡於头。济河(he)，及著雍，病，目出(chu)。士モ请(qing)见，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纳。请(qing)後，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“郑(zheng)甥可(ke)(ke)。”甲寅，卒而视，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)含。宣子(zi)(zi)(zi)盥而抚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“事(shi)吴敢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)如(ru)事(shi)主”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。赵商问：“《调(diao)人(ren)(ren)职》称父之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)诸海(hai)(hai)外(wai)，君(jun)亦然(ran)(ran)。注‘使辟(pi)(pi)於此(ci)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得就而雠(chou)(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。’商以《春秋(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)复(fu)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)非子(zi)(zi)(zi)，臣(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)讨(tao)(tao)贼非臣(chen)。楚胜(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)徒，犹言‘郑(zheng)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)此(ci)，雠(chou)(chou)(chou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)远(yuan)矣(yi)’，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)以见雠(chou)(chou)(chou)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)讨(tao)(tao)，於是(shi)伐(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。臣(chen)感(gan)君(jun)恩，孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)思其(qi)(qi)亲(qin)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)报，和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而已。子(zi)(zi)(zi)夏曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘居父母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仇如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)何(he)？’孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘寝(qin)苦枕干，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仕(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与共天下(xia)(xia)，遇诸朝(chao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)兵。’天下(xia)(xia)尚不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)反(fan)兵，海(hai)(hai)内(nei)何(he)为(wei)(wei)(wei)和之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。岂宜(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)达二礼(li)(li)(li)所(suo)趣？小(xiao)子(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)惑，少蒙解说(shuo)。”郑(zheng)答曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“雠(chou)(chou)(chou)在(zai)(zai)九夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)东，八(ba)蛮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南，六戎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西，五(wu)狄(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)北，虽(sui)有(you)至孝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，能(neng)往(wang)讨(tao)(tao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乎(hu)？子(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)云，偏於此(ci)义(yi)。”案(an)：楚胜(sheng)，平(ping)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孙、子(zi)(zi)(zi)木(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)。平(ping)王(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)木(mu)聘女於秦(qin)而自纳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)木(mu)奔郑(zheng)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)木(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)郑(zheng)人(ren)(ren)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)哀(ai)十六年云：“子(zi)(zi)(zi)木(mu)，其(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)胜(sheng)在(zai)(zai)吴，子(zi)(zi)(zi)西召之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使处(chu)境(jing)为(wei)(wei)(wei)白公。请(qing)伐(fa)郑(zheng)，子(zi)(zi)(zi)西曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘楚未节也(ye)(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)，吾(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)忘也(ye)(ye)。’他(ta)日又请(qing)，许之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。未起师，晋(jin)人(ren)(ren)伐(fa)郑(zheng)，楚救之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，与盟。胜(sheng)怒曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘郑(zheng)人(ren)(ren)在(zai)(zai)此(ci)，雠(chou)(chou)(chou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)远(yuan)矣(yi)。’”又云：“秋(qiu)七(qi)月，杀子(zi)(zi)(zi)西、子(zi)(zi)(zi)期于朝(chao)。”是(shi)其(qi)(qi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)(ran)，郑(zheng)云“虽(sui)有(you)至孝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，能(neng)往(wang)讨(tao)(tao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乎(hu)”者，欲明孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)虽(sui)会(hui)赦，恒有(you)复(fu)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心(xin)，故逆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)海(hai)(hai)外(wai)，使绝(jue)忠臣(chen)孝子(zi)(zi)(zi)心(xin)，使无往(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)缘(yuan)。其(qi)(qi)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)云“寝(qin)苦枕干，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)仕(shi)”者，可(ke)(ke)通之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)会(hui)赦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後恒然(ran)(ran)，其(qi)(qi)君(jun)亦然(ran)(ran)，恐来入中国则(ze)(ze)(ze)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。复(fu)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，依(yi)《异(yi)义(yi)》古《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》说(shuo)，复(fu)雠(chou)(chou)(chou)可(ke)(ke)尽五(wu)世(shi)(shi)，五(wu)世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)。五(wu)世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)，施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於己则(ze)(ze)(ze)无义(yi)，施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於彼则(ze)(ze)(ze)无罪。所(suo)复(fu)者惟(wei)谓(wei)杀者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)身，乃在(zai)(zai)被杀者子(zi)(zi)(zi)孙，可(ke)(ke)尽五(wu)世(shi)(shi)得复(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，郑(zheng)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。
弗辟，则与之瑞节(jie)(jie)而(er)以(yi)执之。（瑞节(jie)(jie)，玉(yu)(yu)节(jie)(jie)之玉(yu)(yu)圭也。和之而(er)不肯辟者，是(shi)不从王(wang)命(ming)也。王(wang)以(yi)玉(yu)(yu)圭使调人(ren)执之，治其罪。）
[疏]“弗辟”至“执之”
○释曰：此经使辟者，其人恋乡不肯辟，是违王命之大，则在上与调人瑞节，执而付秋官，与之罪也。
○注“瑞节”至“其罪”
○释曰：郑知瑞节(jie)是(shi)玉圭者，案《典瑞》云(yun)“玉圭以和难”，故知是(shi)玉圭也。郑又(you)知司调(diao)(diao)人执瑞节(jie)，不使(shi)死家执之(zhi)者，此王法(fa)知之(zhi)，明使(shi)调(diao)(diao)人之(zhi)官(guan)执之(zhi)也。
凡杀人有反杀者，使邦国交雠之。（反，复也。复杀之者，此欲除害弱敌也。邦国交雠之，明不和，诸侯得者即诛之。郑司农云：“有反杀者，谓重杀也。”
○重，直用(yong)反。）
[疏]“凡杀”至“雠之”
○释曰：云(yun)“有反杀者”，反，复也。谓既杀一(yi)人，其(qi)有子弟复杀之，恐後与巳为敌(di)而(er)害(hai)己，故郑云(yun)欲除(chu)害(hai)弱敌(di)也。云(yun)“邦国(guo)交雠(chou)之”者，其(qi)杀人者或逃向(xiang)邻(lin)国(guo)，所之之国(guo)，得(de)则雠(chou)之，故云(yun)邦国(guo)交雠(chou)之也。
凡杀人而义(yi)者，不(bu)同(tong)国，令勿雠，雠之则死。（义(yi)，宜(yi)(yi)也(ye)。谓父(fu)母、兄弟、师长尝辱焉(yan)而杀之者，如是为得其宜(yi)(yi)。虽所杀者人之父(fu)兄，不(bu)得雠也(ye)，使(shi)之不(bu)同(tong)国而已。）
[疏]注“义宜”至“而已”
○释曰：《论(lun)语》云：“见义不(bu)为(wei)，无勇也。”彼义，则此有(you)义者(zhe)也，故云“义，宜也”。谓父母、兄弟(di)、师长(zhang)三(san)者(zhe)尝辱(ru)焉，子弟(di)及弟(di)子则得杀(sha)(sha)(sha)之，是得其宜也。云“虽所杀(sha)(sha)(sha)者(zhe)人之父兄，不(bu)得雠也”者(zhe)，直(zhi)言(yan)父兄不(bu)言(yan)子弟(di)，略之也。古者(zhe)质，故三(san)者(zhe)被(bei)辱(ru)，即得杀(sha)(sha)(sha)之也。
凡有斗怒者，成之；不可成者，则书之，先动者诛之。（斗怒，辨讼者也。不可成，不可平也。书之，记其姓名，辨本也。郑司农云：“成之谓和之也。和之，犹今二千石以令解仇怨，後复相报，移徙之。此其类也。”玄谓上言“立证佐成其罪”，似非。
○复，扶又反，下“不复听”同。）
[疏]“凡有”至“诛之”
○释曰：言“斗怒”，则是言语忿争，未至殴击，故成之。若相殴击，则当罪之也，故郑云斗怒谓辩讼也。
○注“玄谓”至“似非”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)“上言立证”者，即经云(yun)(yun)“过而(er)杀伤人者，以民成(cheng)之”。司农於彼注两解(jie)之，初解(jie)成(cheng)谓立证佐(zuo)成(cheng)其罪，复一解(jie)成(cheng)为和平(ping)之义。此注先郑复云(yun)(yun)成(cheng)之谓和之，以和解(jie)成(cheng)，则上文云(yun)(yun)“立证佐(zuo)成(cheng)其罪”似非，取、以破(po)前也(ye)。
媒氏，掌万民(min)之(zhi)判(pan)。（判(pan)，半(ban)也。得耦为合(he)，主(zhu)合(he)其半(ban)，成(cheng)夫妇也。《丧服传》曰：“夫妻(qi)判(pan)合(he)。”郑司农云：“主(zhu)万民(min)之(zhi)判(pan)合(he)。”）
[疏]注“判半”至“判合”
○释曰：云“得耦为合”者，始(shi)虽以(yi)万民为主，上(shang)至天子皆得耦为合，主於万民而言。但士(shi)以(yi)上(shang)兼妾媵为异耳(er)。引《丧服(fu)传》者，证(zheng)判(pan)为合义。
凡男女，自成名以上，皆书年月日名焉。（郑司农云：“成名谓子生三月，父名之。”
○上，时掌反。）
[疏]“凡男”至“民焉”
○释曰：此经论媒氏之官。合男女，必先知男女年几，故万民之男女，自三月父名之以後，皆书年月日及名，以送与媒氏。媒氏官得之，以勘男三十、女二十，配成夫妇也。
○注“成名”至“名之”
○释(shi)曰：“子(zi)(zi)生三(san)月父名之”，《礼记·内则(ze)》文。案《内则(ze)》，三(san)月之末，父执子(zi)(zi)右手(shou)，孩(hai)而名之。又云：“夫告宰(zai)名，宰(zai)辩告诸男名，书(shu)曰：某年某月某日某生，而藏之。”注引“桓六年，九(jiu)月丁卯(mao)，子(zi)(zi)同生”是也。
令男三十而娶，女二十而嫁。（二三者，天地相承覆之数也。《易》曰“参天两地而奇数”焉。
○奇，於岂反，本或作倚，音(yin)同(tong)。）
[疏]注“二三”至“数焉”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：云“二(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)者天(tian)(tian)地相承覆(fu)(fu)之数(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)”者，比(bi)二(er)(er)(er)十女，三(san)(san)十男，法天(tian)(tian)地相承覆(fu)(fu)之数(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)。云“《易(yi)》曰(yue)(yue)：参天(tian)(tian)两地而(er)奇(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)焉(yan)”者，案：《易(yi)·系辞》云：“天(tian)(tian)一(yi)地二(er)(er)(er)，天(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)地四，天(tian)(tian)五地六(liu)。”是就(jiu)奇(qi)(qi)数(shu)(shu)之中，天(tian)(tian)三(san)(san)度(du)生(sheng)，地二(er)(er)(er)度(du)生(sheng)，象(xiang)天(tian)(tian)二(er)(er)(er)覆(fu)(fu)地二(er)(er)(er)，故云天(tian)(tian)地相承覆(fu)(fu)之数(shu)(shu)也(ye)(ye)。
凡娶判妻入子者，皆书之。（书之者，以别未成昏礼者。郑司农云：“入子者，谓嫁女者也。”玄谓言入子者，容媵侄娣不聘之者。
○别，彼(bi)列反，下同。）
[疏]“凡娶”至“书之”
○释曰：云“凡”者，以其此经总说天子已下娶妻及媵之事，故云凡以广之。
○注“书之”至“之者”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：媒氏(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)既(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)未成(cheng)昏(hun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)藉，书其(qi)(qi)已成(cheng)昏(hun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)别未昏(hun)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)待(dai)後(hou)(hou)昏(hun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“入(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谓嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)”，後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)从者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，经(jing)“判妻”已是(shi)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)，後(hou)(hou)更(geng)言(yan)(yan)“入(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”，明(ming)非嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“玄谓言(yan)(yan)入(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，容媵(ying)(ying)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)聘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)成(cheng)公九年春(chun)(chun)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)月，伯姬(ji)归于宋。夏，晋人(ren)来媵(ying)(ying)。是(shi)媵(ying)(ying)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)而(er)(er)(er)(er)书者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓待(dai)年於(wu)父(fu)(fu)母者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。隐二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)年冬，伯姬(ji)归于纪(ji)(ji)。七年春(chun)(chun)三(san)(san)(san)月，叔姬(ji)归于纪(ji)(ji)。何休云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“叔姬(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，伯姬(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)媵(ying)(ying)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。至是(shi)乃归者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，待(dai)年父(fu)(fu)母国(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。妇(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)八岁备(bei)数，十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)从嫡，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)承事(shi)君(jun)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)。媵(ying)(ying)贱书者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，後(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)嫡，终有(you)(you)(you)(you)贤行。”郑(zheng)(zheng)君(jun)或(huo)(huo)与(yu)(yu)何休与(yu)(yu)？如是(shi)言(yan)(yan)娶(qu)判妻，侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)後(hou)(hou)去(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)则(ze)(ze)(ze)存焉(yan)，故入(ru)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)谓媵(ying)(ying)与(yu)(yu)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)後(hou)(hou)去(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)《昏(hun)礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“虽(sui)无(wu)娣(di)，媵(ying)(ying)先(xian)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)媵(ying)(ying)与(yu)(yu)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)媵(ying)(ying)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)止是(shi)一(yi)(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，既(ji)言(yan)(yan)媵(ying)(ying)，又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)，故知(zhi)别。且媵(ying)(ying)与(yu)(yu)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)相对，则(ze)(ze)(ze)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)无(wu)媵(ying)(ying)称。故庄公十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九年秋(qiu)，公子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)结(jie)媵(ying)(ying)陈(chen)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)于鄄，《公羊(yang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“媵(ying)(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何？诸侯娶(qu)一(yi)(yi)国(guo)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)国(guo)往(wang)(wang)媵(ying)(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)从。”是(shi)其(qi)(qi)义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。媒氏(shi)掌万民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)判，得有(you)(you)(you)(you)媵(ying)(ying)与(yu)(yu)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，庶人(ren)或(huo)(huo)无(wu)妾，亦容有(you)(you)(you)(you)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。且媒氏(shi)所掌，虽(sui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)万民(min)为(wei)(wei)主，亦容有(you)(you)(you)(you)尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)娶(qu)法(fa)，故郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)容媵(ying)(ying)侄(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)聘也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)聘者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，见《内则(ze)(ze)(ze)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“聘则(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)妻，奔(ben)则(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)妾”故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)肃曰(yue)(yue)：“《周官》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)‘令(ling)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)’，谓男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)限(xian)，嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得过此也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)待(dai)礼(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所奔(ben)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)禁，娶(qu)何三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)限(xian)。前贤有(you)(you)(you)(you)言(yan)(yan)，丈夫(fu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)家。《家语》鲁哀公问於(wu)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)：‘男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)精通，女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)化，是(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)民(min)矣(yi)。闻礼(li)(li)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)夫(fu)，岂(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)晚(wan)哉？’孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：‘夫(fu)礼(li)(li)言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)极(ji)，亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)过。男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)冠，有(you)(you)(you)(you)为(wei)(wei)人(ren)父(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端(duan)；女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)许嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。於(wu)此以(yi)(yi)(yi)往(wang)(wang)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)自昏(hun)矣(yi)。’然则(ze)(ze)(ze)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)、二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)，中(zhong)春(chun)(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，所谓言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)极(ji)法(fa)耳。”昭曰(yue)(yue)：“《礼(li)(li)记(ji)·本(ben)命(ming)》曰(yue)(yue)：‘中(zhong)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)，合於(wu)中(zhong)节。大古(gu)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)五(wu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)。’《尚书·大传》曰(yue)(yue)：‘孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曰(yue)(yue)：男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)，通於(wu)织纺绩(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)，黼黻(fu)文章之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美，不(bu)(bu)(bu)若是(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)上无(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)孝(xiao)於(wu)舅姑，而(er)(er)(er)(er)下无(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)夫(fu)养子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，’《梁传》曰(yue)(yue)：‘男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)冠，冠而(er)(er)(er)(er)列丈夫(fu)，三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)。’尹更(geng)始云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：‘男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)许嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)，笄，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)。’《曲(qu)礼(li)(li)》‘三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)曰(yue)(yue)壮，有(you)(you)(you)(you)室(shi)(shi)(shi)。’卢(lu)氏(shi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：‘三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)盛壮，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)娶(qu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)。’《内则(ze)(ze)(ze)》‘三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)室(shi)(shi)(shi)，始理(li)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)事(shi)。女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)笄，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)故，二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)’。经(jing)有(you)(you)(you)(you)‘夫(fu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长殇’，旧说三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)夫(fu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)长殇者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，何关盛衰。一(yi)(yi)说关畏厌溺而(er)(er)(er)(er)伤(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。卢(lu)氏(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)衰世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。张融从郑(zheng)(zheng)及(ji)诸家说。又(you)《春(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)外传》，越王(wang)勾(gou)践蕃(fan)育(yu)人(ren)民(min)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)速报吴，故男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七而(er)(er)(er)(er)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)，如是(shi)，足(zu)明(ming)正礼(li)(li)男(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)(nan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)娶(qu)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)不(bu)(bu)(bu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”
中春之月(yue)，令会(hui)男女。（中春，阴(yin)阳交(jiao)，以成昏礼，顺天时也(ye)。）
[疏]“中春”至“男女”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：王肃论云：“吾幼为(wei)(wei)郑(zheng)(zheng)学之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，为(wei)(wei)谬(miu)言(yan)寻其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义(yi)(yi)，乃(nai)知古(gu)人(ren)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)於(wu)冬(dong)。自(zi)马(ma)氏(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)来，乃(nai)因《周官》而(er)(er)(er)有(you)(you)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》‘东门之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)杨，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叶’，毛(mao)传(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)：‘男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)失(shi)时(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)逮(dai)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)冬(dong)。’三(san)星，参(can)也(ye)，十月(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)(er)(er)见(jian)(jian)东方(fang)，时(shi)(shi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)。”又(you)云：“时(shi)(shi)尚暇务须合(he)昏(hun)(hun)因，万物闭藏於(wu)冬(dong)，而(er)(er)(er)用(yong)生(sheng)育(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，娶(qu)妻入(ru)室，长养(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母，亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)也(ye)。孙卿曰(yue)(yue)：‘霜(shuang)降(jiang)逆女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，冰(bing)泮(pan)(pan)杀(sha)止(zhi)。’《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》曰(yue)(yue)：‘将子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)无(wu)(wu)怒，秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。’《韩诗(shi)(shi)(shi)传(chuan)》亦曰(yue)(yue)：‘古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)霜(shuang)降(jiang)逆女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，冰(bing)泮(pan)(pan)杀(sha)止(zhi)，士如归妻，迨冰(bing)未(wei)泮(pan)(pan)。’为(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)验也(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)玄(xuan)(xuan)云‘归，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来归於(wu)己(ji)，谓(wei)请(qing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)’。来归之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)，非请(qing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名也(ye)。或(huo)曰(yue)(yue)亲迎(ying)用(yong)昏(hun)(hun)，而(er)(er)(er)曰(yue)(yue)‘旭日始(shi)旦’，何用(yong)哉？《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鸣雁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)纳采，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)感(gan)时(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)亲迎(ying)，而(er)(er)(er)《周官》中春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)令会(hui)男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)(wu)夫(fu)家(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)，於(wu)是时(shi)(shi)奔者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)禁，则(ze)(ze)昏(hun)(hun)姻(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)非此(ci)(ci)日也(ye)。《孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)家(jia)语(yu)》曰(yue)(yue)：‘霜(shuang)降(jiang)而(er)(er)(er)妇功成，嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)行焉(yan)。冰(bing)泮(pan)(pan)而(er)(er)(er)农业(ye)起(qi)(qi)，昏(hun)(hun)礼(li)(li)杀(sha)於(wu)此(ci)(ci)。’又(you)曰(yue)(yue)：‘冬(dong)合(he)男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)班时(shi)(shi)位也(ye)。’”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》曰(yue)(yue)：“有(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)怀春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)，吉士诱(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)；春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)日迟(chi)(chi)迟(chi)(chi)，女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)心伤(shang)(shang)悲(bei)(bei)；绸(chou)缪束(shu)刍，三(san)星在隅(yu)；我行其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)野，蔽芾其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樗(chu)；仓(cang)庚于(yu)飞(fei)，熠其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)羽(yu)。”《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)·殷(yin)(yin)颂》曰(yue)(yue)：“天命玄(xuan)(xuan)鸟(niao)，降(jiang)而(er)(er)(er)生(sheng)商(shang)。”《月(yue)(yue)(yue)令》：“仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)玄(xuan)(xuan)鸟(niao)至之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)日，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)牢祠于(yu)高，天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亲往。”玄(xuan)(xuan)鸟(niao)生(sheng)乳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)候(hou)，天子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)重之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)祀焉(yan)。凡此(ci)(ci)皆与仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)为(wei)(wei)候(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。《夏(xia)(xia)小正》曰(yue)(yue)：“二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，冠子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)娶(qu)妻之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)。”秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，此(ci)(ci)淫(yin)奔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)。《夏(xia)(xia)小正》曰(yue)(yue)：“二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，绥(sui)多士女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，交昏(hun)(hun)於(wu)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。”《易(yi)·泰卦》：“六五，帝乙归妹，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祉元吉。”郑(zheng)(zheng)说(shuo)六五爻，辰在卯(mao)，春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)阳中，万物以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)生(sheng)，生(sheng)育(yu)者(zhe)(zhe)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵，仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)，福禄大(da)吉。《易(yi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《咸卦》，柔上刚下(xia)(xia)，二(er)气(qi)感(gan)应以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)相与。皆说(shuo)男(nan)(nan)下(xia)(xia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)。《召南·草虫》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)，夫(fu)人(ren)待(dai)礼(li)(li)，随从(cong)在涂，见(jian)(jian)采鳖者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)兴(xing)。又(you)云“士如归妻，迨冰(bing)未(wei)泮(pan)(pan)”。旧说(shuo)云：士如归妻，我尚及(ji)冰(bing)未(wei)定纳。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)篇(pian)(pian)义(yi)(yi)云：嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)，阳气(qi)始(shi)生(sheng)万物，嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)亦为(wei)(wei)生(sheng)类，故(gu)《管(guan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)篇(pian)(pian)·时(shi)(shi)令》云“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)”。融谨(jin)案：《春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)》鲁送夫(fu)人(ren)、嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，四时(shi)(shi)通(tong)用(yong)，无(wu)(wu)讥(ji)文(wen)。然(ran)则(ze)(ze)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)制素王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)遗後世，男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)及(ji)时(shi)(shi)盛年为(wei)(wei)得，不(bu)(bu)(bu)限以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日月(yue)(yue)(yue)。《家(jia)语(yu)》限以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冬(dong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)附於(wu)《春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正经，如是则(ze)(ze)非孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)也(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)，著在《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》、《易(yi)》、《夏(xia)(xia)小正》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)，且(qie)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)；秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)、冬(dong)、春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)三(san)时(shi)(shi)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)，何自(zi)违也(ye)。《家(jia)语(yu)》冬(dong)合(he)男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)穷天数之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)语(yu)。《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》、《易(yi)》、《礼(li)(li)》传(chuan)所载，《咸》、《泰》、《归妹》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卦，《国(guo)(guo)风·行露》、《绸(chou)缪》“有(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)怀春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)”、“仓(cang)庚于(yu)飞(fei)，熠其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)羽(yu)”、“春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)日迟(chi)(chi)迟(chi)(chi)”、“乐与公子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)同归”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌，《小雅(ya)》“我行其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)野，蔽芾其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樗(chu)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)叹，此(ci)(ci)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)娶(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)证也(ye)。礼(li)(li)，诸(zhu)侯越国(guo)(guo)娶(qu)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)及(ji)冰(bing)未(wei)散请(qing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，乃(nai)足容往反也(ye)。秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)如期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)往，淫(yin)奔之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)待(dai)年，故(gu)设(she)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)迎(ying)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。《标有(you)(you)梅》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)，殷(yin)(yin)纣暴乱，娶(qu)失(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)盛时(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年，习乱思(si)治，故(gu)戒文(wen)王能(neng)使男(nan)(nan)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)得及(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)。陈(chen)、晋弃《周礼(li)(li)》，为(wei)(wei)国(guo)(guo)乱悲(bei)(bei)伤(shang)(shang)，故(gu)刺昏(hun)(hun)姻(yin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及(ji)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。玄(xuan)(xuan)说(shuo)云“嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)”，既(ji)有(you)(you)群证，故(gu)孔晁曰(yue)(yue)：“‘有(you)(you)女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)怀春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)’，毛(mao)云：春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)暇，待(dai)秋(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)。‘春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)日迟(chi)(chi)迟(chi)(chi)’，‘女(nv)(nv)(nv)(nv)心伤(shang)(shang)悲(bei)(bei)’，谓(wei)蚕事始(shi)起(qi)(qi)，感(gan)事而(er)(er)(er)悲(bei)(bei)。‘蔽芾其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)樗(chu)’，喻(yu)愚恶夫(fu)。‘熠其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)羽(yu)’，喻(yu)嫁(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)娶(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛饰(shi)。‘三(san)星在隅(yu)’，孟冬(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)，参(can)见(jian)(jian)东方(fang)，举正昏(hun)(hun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)剌时(shi)(shi)。”此(ci)(ci)虽(sui)用(yong)毛(mao)义(yi)(yi)，未(wei)若郑(zheng)(zheng)云“用(yong)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)为(wei)(wei)正礼(li)(li)”为(wei)(wei)密(mi)也(ye)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)》云“匏(pao)有(you)(you)苦叶，济有(you)(you)深涉(she)”，笺(jian)云：“匏(pao)叶苦而(er)(er)(er)渡处深，谓(wei)八月(yue)(yue)(yue)时(shi)(shi)。时(shi)(shi)阴(yin)阳交会(hui)，始(shi)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)昏(hun)(hun)礼(li)(li)，纳采问名。”又(you)云“士如归妻，迨冰(bing)未(wei)泮(pan)(pan)”，笺(jian)云：“归妻，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来归於(wu)己(ji)，谓(wei)请(qing)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冰(bing)未(wei)散，正月(yue)(yue)(yue)中以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)昏(hun)(hun)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)得其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)实(shi)，惟为(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)故(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)，得不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)仲(zhong)春(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)(chun)。
於是时也(ye)，奔者不禁。（重天时，权许之也(ye)。）
[疏]注“重天”至“之也”
○释曰：云“於是(shi)时(shi)”，谓(wei)是(shi)仲春时(shi)。此月既是(shi)娶女之(zhi)(zhi)月，若有父母不娶不嫁之(zhi)(zhi)者，自相(xiang)奔就，亦不禁之(zhi)(zhi)。但人而无礼，胡不遄死，以(yi)当礼乃可(ke)得为配(pei)。言“奔者不禁”者，郑(zheng)云“权许(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)”，其实非正(zheng)礼也。
若无故而不用令者，罚之。（无故，谓无丧祸之变也。有丧祸者娶，得用非中春之月。《杂记》曰：“己虽小功，既卒哭。可以冠子娶妻。”
○冠，古(gu)唤(huan)反。）
[疏]注“无故”至“娶妻”
○释曰：言(yan)“令(ling)”者(zhe)，即上“中(zhong)春之(zhi)月，令(ling)会男女(nv)”。男女(nv)有(you)丧祸之(zhi)故(gu)，得(de)不(bu)(bu)用中(zhong)春令(ling)。无(wu)故(gu)不(bu)(bu)用令(ling)，则(ze)罪罚(fa)之(zhi)也。注引《杂记》者(zhe)，证丧祸之(zhi)故(gu)於月数满(man)，虽非中(zhong)春，可以嫁娶也。云(yun)“己(ji)虽小功(gong)”者(zhe)，彼上文(wen)有(you)父(fu)小功(gong)之(zhi)未可以冠娶，故(gu)云(yun)己(ji)虽小功(gong)也。
司(si)男(nan)女之(zhi)无夫家(jia)者而会之(zhi)。（司(si)犹察也。无夫家(jia)，谓男(nan)女之(zhi)鳏寡(gua)者。）
[疏]“司男”至“会之”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：上文已云(yun)令会男女谓无夫(fu)家者(zhe)也，今又(you)言司察男女无夫(fu)家，是尝(chang)已有匹配，故郑云(yun)“无夫(fu)家谓男女之鳏寡(gua)者(zhe)”也。
凡嫁子娶妻，入币纯帛，无过五两。（纯，实缁字也。古缁以才为声。纳币用缁，妇人阴也。凡於娶礼，必用其类。五两，十端也。必言两者，欲得其配合之名。十者，象五行十日相成也。士大夫乃以玄束帛，天子加以圭，诸侯加以大璋。《杂记》曰：“纳币一束，束五两，两五寻。”然则每端二丈。
○纯，则其反，依字(zi)从糸才。）
[疏]注“纯实”至“二丈”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：凡(fan)嫁子娶妻(qi)含(han)尊(zun)卑(bei)，但(dan)云(yun)(yun)缁帛(bo)，文主(zhu)庶(shu)人(ren)(ren)耳。注“纯(chun)实缁字也(ye)，古(gu)缁以(yi)(yi)(yi)才(cai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)声(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，缁以(yi)(yi)(yi)丝为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，才(cai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)声(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)误为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)纯(chun)字。但(dan)古(gu)之(zhi)缁有二(er)(er)种(zhong)：其缁布之(zhi)缁，系旁(pang)甾，後(hou)不误，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)礼有缁布冠(guan)、缁布衣，存(cun)古(gu)字；若以(yi)(yi)(yi)丝帛(bo)之(zhi)缁，则系旁(pang)才(cai)，此(ci)(ci)字诸(zhu)处不同。丝理(li)明(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)即(ji)破为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)色，此(ci)(ci)纯(chun)帛(bo)及《祭统》“蚕事以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)纯(chun)服”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《论语》云(yun)(yun)“麻(ma)冕，礼也(ye)，今也(ye)纯(chun)俭”。如此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)类，皆丝理(li)自明(ming)，即(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)色解之(zhi)。《昏礼》云(yun)(yun)：“女次纯(chun)衣”，郑云(yun)(yun)：“纯(chun)衣，丝衣。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)《昏礼》直云(yun)(yun)纯(chun)衣，丝理(li)不明(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丝衣解之(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，古(gu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二(er)(er)端(duan)相向卷之(zhi)，共为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)端(duan)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“十(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)象(xiang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)十(shi)(shi)(shi)日相成”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《左传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)有六气”，降生五(wu)(wu)(wu)行(xing)，行(xing)各有二(er)(er)日。东方木(mu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)甲乙，南(nan)方火为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丙丁，中(zhong)央土(tu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)戊己，西方金为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)庚(geng)辛，北(bei)方水为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)壬癸，是十(shi)(shi)(shi)日。言相成者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，木(mu)八(ba)(ba)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)金九(jiu)妻(qi)，火七为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)水六妻(qi)，土(tu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)木(mu)八(ba)(ba)妻(qi)，金九(jiu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)火七妻(qi)，水六为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)土(tu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)妻(qi)，所克(ke)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)妻(qi)，是夫(fu)妻(qi)相成之(zhi)数。云(yun)(yun)“土(tu)大(da)夫(fu)乃以(yi)(yi)(yi)玄(xuan)束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案：士(shi)昏礼玄(xuan)束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)，大(da)夫(fu)昏礼而有改娶者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，依士(shi)礼用玄(xuan)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)士(shi)大(da)夫(fu)用玄(xuan)。云(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)子加(jia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)圭，诸(zhu)侯加(jia)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)璋”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《玉人(ren)(ren)》文。谓加(jia)於玄(xuan)束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)之(zhi)上以(yi)(yi)(yi)行(xing)礼。引(yin)《杂记(ji)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证五(wu)(wu)(wu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)寻四十(shi)(shi)(shi)尺(chi)之(zhi)意。云(yun)(yun)“纳币一束(shu)(shu)，束(shu)(shu)五(wu)(wu)(wu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)五(wu)(wu)(wu)寻”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，寻八(ba)(ba)尺(chi)，则一两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)尺(chi)。五(wu)(wu)(wu)两(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)，四五(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)，总(zong)二(er)(er)百(bai)尺(chi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑玄(xuan)云(yun)(yun)“然则每(mei)端(duan)二(er)(er)丈(zhang)”。若馀行(xing)礼，则用制币丈(zhang)八(ba)(ba)尺(chi)，取俭亦共此(ci)(ci)昏礼，每(mei)端(duan)二(er)(er)丈(zhang)，取诚实之(zhi)义，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)丈(zhang)整(zheng)数为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)也(ye)。
禁迁(qian)葬者(zhe)与嫁(jia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)。（迁(qian)葬，谓(wei)生时(shi)非(fei)夫(fu)妇(fu)，死(si)既(ji)葬，迁(qian)之(zhi)使相从也。殇(shang)(shang)(shang)十九(jiu)以(yi)下未(wei)嫁(jia)而死(si)者(zhe)。生不以(yi)礼相接(jie)，死(si)而合之(zhi)，是(shi)亦乱人伦者(zhe)也。郑司(si)农云：“嫁(jia)殇(shang)(shang)(shang)者(zhe)，谓(wei)嫁(jia)死(si)人也。今时(shi)娶会是(shi)也。”）
[疏]“禁迁”至“殇者”
○释(shi)曰：迁葬(zang)，谓(wei)成人鳏寡，生时非夫妇(fu)，死乃嫁(jia)之。嫁(jia)殇者，生年十九(jiu)已下而死，死乃嫁(jia)之。不言殇娶者，举女殇，男可知也。
凡男女之阴讼，听之于胜国之社；其附于刑者，归之于士。（阴讼，争中之事以触法者。胜国，亡国也。亡国之社，奄其上而栈其下，使无所通。就之以听阴讼之情，明不当宣露。其罪不在赦宥者，直归士而刑之，不复以听。士，司寇之属。《诗》云：“墙有茨，不可埽也。中之言，不可道也。所可道也，言之丑也。”
○，古候(hou)反(fan)(fan)。栈，士(shi)板(ban)反(fan)(fan)，刘才产反(fan)(fan)，或士(shi)谏(jian)反(fan)(fan)。茨，音疾私(si)反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“阴讼”至“丑也”
○释曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“阴讼(song)，争中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事”者(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)若《诗(shi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)触法也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，亡(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，此社有四名。若此往胜(sheng)得(de)彼(bi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，将(jiang)社来，谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，即此文(wen)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若据彼(bi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)丧亡(wang)，则(ze)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亡(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社，引《公(gong)(gong)羊传》者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又名丧国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社，《郊特(te)牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“丧国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社必屋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。据其地则(ze)曰(yue)亳(bo)(bo)社，则(ze)《左传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亳(bo)(bo)社灾”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亡(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故郑引《公(gong)(gong)羊传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亡(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亡(wang)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)社”者(zhe)，《公(gong)(gong)羊传》文(wen)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奄其上”者(zhe)，即《郊特(te)牲(sheng)》“屋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)受(shou)天阳者(zhe)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“栈其下(xia)”者(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)於下(xia)著柴以(yi)栈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使不(bu)通阴故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“使无所(suo)通”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“就之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)听(ting)(ting)(ting)阴讼(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，明(ming)不(bu)当宣露(lu)”者(zhe)，以(yi)其胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社上下(xia)不(bu)通，是(shi)(shi)不(bu)宣露(lu)。中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言亦不(bu)宣露(lu)，故就而听(ting)(ting)(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然，案《诗(shi)》召伯(bo)听(ting)(ting)(ting)男女之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)讼(song)於小棠(tang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)，不(bu)在胜(sheng)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)社者(zhe)，彼(bi)谓(wei)(wei)周公(gong)(gong)未(wei)制礼前，此据制礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)後，故不(bu)同。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其罪不(bu)在赦宥者(zhe)，直归(gui)士而刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)复以(yi)听(ting)(ting)(ting)”，释经“附於刑者(zhe)归(gui)於士”。若然，在赦宥者(zhe)媒(mei)氏听(ting)(ting)(ting)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士，司寇(kou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)”者(zhe)，案《司寇(kou)》有士师之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等属(shu)司寇(kou)，故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属(shu)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)郑注《诗(shi)》亦云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“士师所(suo)当审(shen)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诗(shi)者(zhe)，邶诗(shi)，剌(la)卫宣公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)，证经所(suo)听(ting)(ting)(ting)者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
司，掌之治教、政刑、量度、禁令。（量，豆、区、斗、斛之属。度，丈尺也。
○治(zhi)，直吏反，下及(ji)“大治(zhi)”、“小(xiao)治(zhi)”同(tong)。区，乌(wu)候(hou)反。）
[疏]“司”至“禁令”
○释曰：此经与下文为总目。云“掌之治”者，下文云“听大治小治”是也。教，即此下文“以次叙分地”之等，谓教之处置货物是也。政者，即下文云“以政令禁物靡”等是也。刑者，即下文云“以刑罚禁”是也。量度，即下文云“以量度成贾”是也。禁令者，即下文云“以贾民禁伪”是也。
○注“量豆”至“尺也”
○释曰：“豆(dou)区斗(dou)(dou)斛(hu)之属(shu)(shu)”者，豆(dou)、区，即(ji)昭三年晏子云“齐旧四量，豆(dou)、区、釜(fu)、锺(zhong)”是也。云斗(dou)(dou)斛(hu)，即(ji)《律历志》云“合(he)升斗(dou)(dou)斛(hu)”是也。此不言釜(fu)锺(zhong)与升者，“之属(shu)(shu)”中兼(jian)之也。
以次叙分地而经，（次谓吏所治舍，思次、介次也，若今亭然。叙，肆行列也。经，界也。
○行，户刚反，下“行列”同。）
[疏]“以次”至“经”
○释曰：司之官以次叙二事，分地而置之，而以经界其市，使各有处所，不相杂乱也。
○注“次谓”至“界也”
○释曰：云(yun)“次(ci)(ci)谓吏(li)所治舍”者(zhe)，吏(li)即下文司、贾师(shi)莅思(si)(si)(si)次(ci)(ci)、介(jie)次(ci)(ci)者(zhe)是也(ye)。云(yun)“若(ruo)今亭然”者(zhe)，举汉法(fa)而(er)言(yan)。云(yun)“叙(xu)(xu)，肆行列(lie)(lie)也(ye)”者(zhe)，以其(qi)言(yan)叙(xu)(xu)即行肆之列(lie)(lie)，故为(wei)行列(lie)(lie)解之。案(an)《内宰职》云(yun)“设(she)其(qi)次(ci)(ci)，置其(qi)叙(xu)(xu)，正其(qi)肆”。注云(yun)：“次(ci)(ci)，思(si)(si)(si)次(ci)(ci)。叙(xu)(xu)，介(jie)次(ci)(ci)。”不(bu)为(wei)行列(lie)(lie)，与此注违者(zhe)，彼文次(ci)(ci)与叙(xu)(xu)下更云(yun)“正其(qi)肆”，则肆为(wei)行列(lie)(lie)，故分次(ci)(ci)为(wei)思(si)(si)(si)次(ci)(ci)，以叙(xu)(xu)为(wei)介(jie)次(ci)(ci)也(ye)。此文不(bu)具，直有(you)次(ci)(ci)叙(xu)(xu)，无(wu)言(yan)正其(qi)肆，故并思(si)(si)(si)介(jie)同名为(wei)次(ci)(ci)，叙(xu)(xu)为(wei)行列(lie)(lie)。此郑望文为(wei)义，故注不(bu)同。
以陈肆办(ban)物(wu)(wu)而平(ping)，（陈犹列也。辨物(wu)(wu)，物(wu)(wu)异(yi)肆也。肆异(yi)则(ze)平(ping)。）
[疏]“以陈”至“平”
○释(shi)曰：陈，列也，谓行列其廛(chan)肆而辨其物(wu)。物(wu)异则(ze)贾平，故云平也。
以政令禁物靡而均，（物靡者，易售而无用，禁之则均。郑司农云：“靡谓侈靡也。”
○易，以豉(chi)反，下“之易”同。售，受(shou)又反。）
[疏]释曰：司出政令而禁其(qi)物货细靡者，但(dan)物货细靡，人买之者多，贵而无用，令使粗物买之者少而贱(jian)，使贾(jia)不平，令禁之则(ze)物均平，故(gu)云(yun)“均”也。
以商贾阜货而行布，（通物曰商，居卖物曰贾。阜犹盛也。郑司农云：“布谓泉也。”
○贾(jia)，音古，注“曰贾(jia)”、下“商贾(jia)”、“贾(jia)师”皆同。）
[疏]“以商”至“行布”
○释曰(yue)：郑(zheng)知“通(tong)(tong)(tong)物曰(yue)商(shang)”者(zhe)，《易》云：“至日闭关，商(shang)旅不行(xing)(xing)；除至之(zhi)(zhi)日，商(shang)旅则(ze)行(xing)(xing)。”故(gu)郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)《大宰》云“行(xing)(xing)曰(yue)商(shang)”。行(xing)(xing)商(shang)则(ze)是通(tong)(tong)(tong)物者(zhe)也。郑(zheng)知居卖(mai)物曰(yue)贾(jia)者(zhe)，商(shang)既通(tong)(tong)(tong)物，明贾(jia)则(ze)在而(er)居卖(mai)物者(zhe)也。故(gu)郑(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)《大宰》云“处(chu)曰(yue)贾(jia)也”。由(you)此二等(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)人，或通(tong)(tong)(tong)货，或在卖(mai)之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)货贿(hui)阜盛而(er)布泉得行(xing)(xing)，故(gu)云“阜货而(er)行(xing)(xing)布”也。
以量度成贾而徵亻卖，（徵，召也。亻卖，买也。物有定贾则买者来也。
○成贾(jia)(jia)，音(yin)(yin)嫁，注(zhu)下不音(yin)(yin)者皆同，聂氏及沈云：成贾(jia)(jia)、定贾(jia)(jia)、奠(dian)物、贾(jia)(jia)其贾(jia)(jia)、平(ping)大贾(jia)(jia)、小贾(jia)(jia)、贾(jia)(jia)贱(jian)、恒贾(jia)(jia)、而故贾(jia)(jia)，凡(fan)十二，音(yin)(yin)嫁，馀音(yin)(yin)古。亻卖(mai)，刘音(yin)(yin)育，聂氏音(yin)(yin)笛(di)，《字林》他竺反(fan)。）
[疏]“以量”至“徵亻卖”
○释曰：量，以量梁之等。度，以度布绢之等。成，定也。二物以量度以定物贾。徵，召也。亻卖，买之。物贾定则召买者来，故云徵亻卖也。
○注“徵召也亻卖贾也物有定贾则买者来也”
○释曰：知亻(ren)(ren)卖(mai)为(wei)买者，以(yi)言(yan)徵(zhi)召买者，故以(yi)亻(ren)(ren)卖(mai)为(wei)买。此字所训(xun)不(bu)定。案(an)：下文(wen)所云“贵(gui)亻(ren)(ren)卖(mai)者”，郑注“贵(gui)卖(mai)之”，郑亦望文(wen)为(wei)义，故注不(bu)同也(ye)。
以质剂结信而止讼，（质剂，谓两书一札而别之也。若今下手书，言保物要还矣。郑司农云：“质剂，月平。”
○剂，子随反(fan)。平(ping)(ping)，皮(pi)命反(fan)，下“月平(ping)(ping)”同。）
[疏]“以质”至“止讼”
○释曰：质剂谓券书，恐民失信，有所违负，故为券书结之，使有信也。民之狱讼，本由无信，既结信则无讼，故云“止讼”也。
○注“质剂”至“月平”
○释曰：下(xia)《质人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大以(yi)质，小(xiao)(xiao)以(yi)剂”，故知质剂是券书(shu)(shu)。是以(yi)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“两书(shu)(shu)一(yi)札而(er)别(bie)之(zhi)”。古者(zhe)(zhe)未有纸，故以(yi)札书(shu)(shu)。《小(xiao)(xiao)宰职》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“两书(shu)(shu)一(yi)札，同(tong)而(er)别(bie)之(zhi)。”此不云(yun)(yun)(yun)同(tong)，明亦有同(tong)义也。郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)(ruo)令下(xia)手书(shu)(shu)”者(zhe)(zhe)，汉时下(xia)手书(shu)(shu)，即(ji)今画(hua)指券，与古质剂同(tong)也。先郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)“质剂，月平(ping)”，《小(xiao)(xiao)宰》先郑注(zhu)亦如(ru)此解，以(yi)为月平(ping)若(ruo)(ruo)今之(zhi)估文书(shu)(shu)，亦得为一(yi)义，故後(hou)郑每(mei)引之(zhi)在下(xia)也。
以贾民禁伪而除诈，（贾民，胥师、贾师之属。必以贾民为之者，知物之情伪与实诈。
○贾民，刘(liu)音(yin)嫁，聂、沈(shen)音(yin)古，注“贾民”同。）
[疏]“以贾”至“除诈”
○释曰：司之官，用贾民知物真伪者，使禁物之伪，而除去人之诈虚也。
○注“贾民”至“实诈”
○释(shi)曰：知贾(jia)民(min)是(shi)胥(xu)师(shi)、贾(jia)师(shi)之属(shu)者(zhe)，案下《胥(xu)师(shi)职》云：“察其诈(zha)伪(wei)饰行亻卖慝者(zhe)，而诛罚之。”故知此(ci)贾(jia)民(min)禁伪(wei)是(shi)胥(xu)师(shi)、贾(jia)师(shi)之属(shu)。谓属(shu)胥(xu)师(shi)贾(jia)师(shi)，受(shou)其役使也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“知物(wu)之情伪(wei)与(yu)实(shi)(shi)诈(zha)”者(zhe)，直依经(jing)解(jie)之。情则(ze)真也(ye)(ye)(ye)。情伪(wei)既据物(wu)而言，则(ze)言实(shi)(shi)诈(zha)据人而说也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
以刑罚禁而去盗，（刑罚，宪、徇、扑。
○，薄报反(fan)。去，起吕(lv)反(fan)。扑(pu)，普(pu)卜反(fan)，下文同。）
[疏]“以刑”至“去盗”
○释曰：刑期於无刑，以杀止杀，故以刑罚禁乱之人。又去其相盗窃也。
○注“刑罚宪徇扑”
○释曰：知(zhi)刑(xing)罚(fa)是宪徇扑者(zhe)，司所(suo)施，惟(wei)施於(wu)中者(zhe)，故下云：“小刑(xing)宪罚(fa)，中刑(xing)徇罚(fa)，大刑(xing)扑罚(fa)，其附於(wu)刑(xing)者(zhe)归於(wu)士(shi)。”故知(zhi)惟(wei)有(you)此三者(zhe)也。
以泉府同货而敛赊。（同，共也。同者，谓民货不售，则为敛而买之；民无货，则赊贳而予之。
○赊，伤蛇反(fan)。共，如字。为，于伪反(fan)，下“为民”同。贳(shi)，音世，贷也，刘伤夜反(fan)，一时夜反(fan)。）
[疏]“以泉”至“敛赊”
○释曰：下文有泉府职掌於之罚布之等藏之，今司之官以泉府所藏之布物与民同行其货，而民无财者赊而予之，後敛取其直，故云“同货而敛赊”也。
○计“同共”至“予之”
○释曰(yue)：云“同(tong)者，谓(wei)(wei)民货(huo)不售(shou)，则为敛(lian)(lian)(lian)而(er)买(mai)之(zhi)”者，民卖(mai)物不售(shou)，则以泉府之(zhi)物买(mai)取之(zhi)，释经(jing)同(tong)货(huo)也。“民无货(huo)，则赊(she)贳而(er)予之(zhi)”者，此(ci)谓(wei)(wei)所买(mai)得之(zhi)物，民有急须而(er)无货(huo)者，则贳予之(zhi)，有时敛(lian)(lian)(lian)取其直，释经(jing)敛(lian)(lian)(lian)赊(she)也。但赊(she)、贳二(er)字(zi)通用也。
大，日昃而，百族为主；朝，朝时而，商贾为主；夕，夕时而，贩夫贩妇为主。（日昃，失中也。，杂聚之处。言主者，谓其多者也。百族必容来去，商贾家於城，贩夫贩妇朝资夕卖，因其便而分为三时之，所以了物极众。郑司农云：“百族，百姓也。”
○昃(ze)，音侧(ce)，本又作昃(ze)。贩，方万反。便，皮面(mian)反。）
[疏]“大”至“为主”
○释曰：案下文“朝一夫，各方百步”，就百步而分为三时之，恐不可。若然，则一夫者，据亭置坎与叙，司及贾师、胥师听事之处，取其列行肆之处，则居地多矣。今经有三时之，不先言朝、夕，而先言日昃者，据向人多而称大，故先言之。此三皆於一院内为之，大於中，朝於东偏，夕於西偏，《郊特牲》所云是也。
○注“日昃”至“姓也”
○释曰：云(yun)“日昃(ze)(ze)，失(shi)(shi)(shi)中也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，昃(ze)(ze)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)倾侧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，失(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)差失(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，故(gu)(gu)以失(shi)(shi)(shi)解(jie)昃(ze)(ze)也(ye)(ye)。是(shi)以《尚书·无逸(yi)》云(yun)“文王(wang)至(zhi)於日中昃(ze)(ze)，不遑暇食。”是(shi)中後称昃(ze)(ze)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“，杂(za)聚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处。害主者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓多者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓言(yan)(yan)百(bai)(bai)族为主，则(ze)(ze)兼(jian)有商(shang)贾贩夫贩妇(fu)。云(yun)商(shang)贾为主，则(ze)(ze)兼(jian)有百(bai)(bai)族、贩夫、贩妇(fu)。云(yun)贩夫贩妇(fu)为主，则(ze)(ze)兼(jian)有百(bai)(bai)族与商(shang)贾也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“百(bai)(bai)族必容来(lai)去”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，百(bai)(bai)族或在(zai)城(cheng)内，或在(zai)城(cheng)外者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，容其来(lai)往，故(gu)(gu)於日昃(ze)(ze)以後主之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“商(shang)贾家於城(cheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，行曰商(shang)，居曰贾，即贾家於。今并(bing)言(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其商(shang)虽行通(tong)物(wu)，亦(yi)(yi)容於也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“朝资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)夕卖”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)若(ruo)冬(dong)资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)绵、夏资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)绵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)。则(ze)(ze)资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，朝买资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，至(zhi)夕乃卖，故(gu)(gu)以资(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“所以了物(wu)极(ji)众(zhong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以分为三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲了其所卖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)，极(ji)尽其众(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。先郑云(yun)“百(bai)(bai)族，百(bai)(bai)姓也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲见此(ci)百(bai)(bai)姓异於《秋(qiu)官·司(si)寇(kou)》“戒於百(bai)(bai)族”。彼(bi)百(bai)(bai)族是(shi)府史以下，此(ci)据人称百(bai)(bai)族，明据天下百(bai)(bai)姓，亦(yi)(yi)非百(bai)(bai)官百(bai)(bai)姓。对(dui)则(ze)(ze)正姓与氏(shi)族异，通(tong)而言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，氏(shi)族则(ze)(ze)庶姓，故(gu)(gu)以百(bai)(bai)姓为百(bai)(bai)族。
凡入，则胥执鞭度守门，之群吏平肆展成奠贾，上旌于思次以令，师莅焉，而听大治大讼。胥师、贾师莅于介次，而听小治小讼。（凡入，谓三时之者入也。胥，守门察伪诈也。必执鞭度，以威正人众也。度谓殳也，因刻丈尺耳。群吏，胥师以下也。平肆，平卖物者之行列，使之正也。展之言整也。成，平也，会平成物者也。奠读为定，整敕会者，使定物贾，防诳豫也。上旌者，以为众望也，见旌则知当也。思次，若今亭也。师，司也。介次，亭之属别，小者也。故书莅作立。杜子春云：“奠当为定。”郑司农云：“思，辞也。次，中候楼也。立当为莅，莅，视也。”玄谓“思”当为“司”字，声之误也。
○奠，音定，又田见反(fan)。上，时掌反(fan)，注同。殳，音殊。诳，九况反(fan)。）
[疏]注“凡”至“误也”
○释曰：郑知(zhi)凡(fan)(fan)入是(shi)上三时(shi)之(zhi)者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)言“凡(fan)(fan)”，明(ming)总三时(shi)之(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“胥(xu)守(shou)门察伪诈也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)执(zhi)度(du)(du)之(zhi)故也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“必执(zhi)鞭(bian)度(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)威正(zheng)人(ren)众(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，鞭(bian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)威人(ren)众(zhong)，度(du)(du)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)人(ren)众(zhong)，故并言之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“度(du)(du)谓(wei)殳也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，案：下(xia)文《庐人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“兵同强(qiang)”，注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“改(gai)句言，容殳无刃。”此(ci)文鞭(bian)度(du)(du)连言，则(ze)一(yi)物(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)二(er)用，若(ruo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)系鞘於上则(ze)为(wei)(wei)鞭(bian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)长丈(zhang)二(er)，因克(ke)丈(zhang)尺则(ze)为(wei)(wei)度(du)(du)。知(zhi)“群吏胥(xu)师(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)”者(zhe)，见下(xia)《司稽职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“执(zhi)鞭(bian)度(du)(du)而巡其(qi)前”。此(ci)亦(yi)执(zhi)鞭(bian)度(du)(du)，故知(zhi)是(shi)胥(xu)师(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)。《叙官》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“胥(xu)师(shi)二(er)十肆(si)(si)则(ze)一(yi)人(ren)，胥(xu)二(er)肆(si)(si)则(ze)一(yi)人(ren)。”郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“胥(xu)师(shi)，领群胥(xu)。”则(ze)胥(xu)师(shi)已下(xia)，非直巡行肆(si)(si)，亦(yi)更来(lai)守(shou)门，故郑总云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)胥(xu)师(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)。知(zhi)“平肆(si)(si)是(shi)平卖物(wu)者(zhe)之(zhi)行列，使之(zhi)正(zheng)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)经直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)平肆(si)(si)，肆(si)(si)是(shi)行列，恐其(qi)行肆(si)(si)不(bu)正(zheng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“展之(zhi)言整也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。成，平也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。会(hui)平成物(wu)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奠读为(wei)(wei)定”者(zhe)，郑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)平成，整敕会(hui)者(zhe)，使定物(wu)价，恐有(you)豫(yu)为(wei)(wei)诳欺，故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“防(fang)诳豫(yu)”。先郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“思(si)，辞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”，後郑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)“思(si)则(ze)司字(zi)声(sheng)之(zhi)误(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，下(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“介次(ci)”不(bu)为(wei)(wei)辞，明(ming)“思(si)”不(bu)得为(wei)(wei)辞，直是(shi)思(si)、司声(sheng)同，故误(wu)为(wei)(wei)思(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)思(si)、司声(sheng)同，不(bu)得为(wei)(wei)字(zi)误(wu)。今有(you)本云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“字(zi)声(sheng)之(zhi)误(wu)”，兼有(you)“字(zi)”者(zhe)，读当云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“思(si)当为(wei)(wei)司字(zi)”，字(zi)绝(jue)读之(zhi)，乃合义也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡万民之(zhi)期于者(zhe)(zhe)，辟(pi)布者(zhe)(zhe)、量(liang)度(du)(du)者(zhe)(zhe)、刑戮者(zhe)(zhe)，各於其地(di)之(zhi)叙。（期，谓欲卖(mai)买期决於也。量(liang)度(du)(du)者(zhe)(zhe)，若(ruo)今处(chu)斗斛(hu)及丈尺也。故书(shu)辟(pi)为辞(ci)(ci)。郑司农(nong)云：“辞(ci)(ci)布，辞(ci)(ci)讼泉物者(zhe)(zhe)也。”玄谓辟(pi)布，之(zhi)群吏考(kao)实诸泉入及有遗忘。）
[疏]“凡万”至“之叙”
○释曰：云“凡万民之期于”，有此已下三事，有辟布者、度量者、刑戮者。“各於其地之叙”，则诸物行肆之所也。
○注“期谓”至“遗志”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)“期决於(wu)(wu)(wu)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓人(ren)各(ge)(ge)自为(wei)(wei)(wei)期限，使了(le)事於(wu)(wu)(wu)也。云(yun)“若今处斗斛(hu)及丈尺(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓斗斛(hu)处置於(wu)(wu)(wu)米粟(su)之(zhi)肆(si)(si)(si)，处置丈尺(chi)(chi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)绢布(bu)之(zhi)肆(si)(si)(si)。案(an)(an)：前(qian)注“量，豆、区、斗、斛(hu)”，此(ci)中(zhong)不云(yun)豆、区，前(qian)注广解量名，此(ci)略云(yun)所用(yong)，故注不同。案(an)(an)《律(lv)(lv)历志》，度(du)量衡皆(jie)起於(wu)(wu)(wu)黄锺之(zhi)律(lv)(lv)，故彼云(yun)：“以子黍中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，一(yi)黍一(yi)分(fen)，九十(shi)黍黄锺之(zhi)长，则(ze)(ze)一(yi)黍为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)分(fen)，十(shi)黍为(wei)(wei)(wei)寸，十(shi)寸为(wei)(wei)(wei)尺(chi)(chi)，十(shi)尺(chi)(chi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)丈，十(shi)丈为(wei)(wei)(wei)引，五度(du)审矣(yi)。”又云(yun)：“子黍中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，千二百黍，其实一(yi)，十(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)合，十(shi)合为(wei)(wei)(wei)升，十(shi)升为(wei)(wei)(wei)斗，十(shi)斗为(wei)(wei)(wei)斛(hu)，五量审矣(yi)。”先郑从(cong)故书辟布(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)辞讼之(zhi)布(bu)。後郑不从(cong)，而为(wei)(wei)(wei)群(qun)吏考实诸(zhu)泉(quan)(quan)入者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。若辞讼之(zhi)布(bu)，当归其本主，何(he)得各(ge)(ge)有地之(zhi)叙乎？明不得为(wei)(wei)(wei)辞讼之(zhi)布(bu)也。云(yun)“考实诸(zhu)泉(quan)(quan)入”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，辟，法也。谓民(min)将(jiang)物来(lai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)肆(si)(si)(si)卖者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，肆(si)(si)(si)长各(ge)(ge)考量物数，得实，税入於(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)泉(quan)(quan)府(fu)。知民(min)将(jiang)物来(lai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)有税者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)下文(wen)云(yun)“国凶荒，无征”，明不凶荒有征矣(yi)。其实者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)则(ze)(ze)宜置於(wu)(wu)(wu)地之(zhi)叙，欺(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)没入官，是其法也。云(yun)“及有遗忘”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓群(qun)吏考实泉(quan)(quan)之(zhi)处有遗忘者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，便归令(ling)本主识认(ren)之(zhi)。下文(wen)得货(huo)贿(hui)六(liu)畜之(zhi)等(deng)，是依(yi)列肆(si)(si)(si)失者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，与此(ci)文(wen)别(bie)也。
凡得货(huo)(huo)贿、六畜者(zhe)亦如之(zhi)，三(san)日而(er)举之(zhi)。（得遗物者(zhe)，亦使置其地(di)，货(huo)(huo)於货(huo)(huo)之(zhi)肆，马於马之(zhi)肆，则主求之(zhi)易(yi)也。三(san)日而(er)无职认者(zhe)，举之(zhi)没入官。）
[疏]“凡得”至“举之”
○释(shi)曰：此谓在列肆遗忘阑(lan)失者，吏(li)各归本肆，吏(li)主识认取(qu)之(zhi)。
凡治之货贿、六畜、珍异，亡者使有，利者使阜，害者使亡，靡者使微。（利，利於民，谓物实厚者。害，害於民，谓物行苦者。使有使阜，起其贾以徵之也。使亡使微，抑其贾以却之也。侈靡细好，使富民好奢微之而已。郑司农云：“亡者使有，无此物则开利其道，使之有。”
○物行，遐(xia)孟(meng)反，又如字(zi)，聂胡刚(gang)反。苦，音古。却，起(qi)略反。好(hao)，呼(hu)报反。）
[疏]注“利利”至“之有”
○释曰(yue)：云“使(shi)(shi)有使(shi)(shi)阜”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，总释经(jing)亡者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)利者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云“起(qi)其贾”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓增起(qi)其贾，引物(wu)自然来，故(gu)(gu)使(shi)(shi)有使(shi)(shi)阜盛也。云“微之(zhi)而已(yi)”，谓少抑(yi)其贾，使(shi)(shi)微少不绝而已(yi)。先郑(zheng)云“亡者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)使(shi)(shi)有。无(wu)此(ci)物(wu)，则开利其道，使(shi)(shi)之(zhi)有”，与後郑(zheng)“起(qi)其贾”义异，引之(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，义得两通(tong)，故(gu)(gu)後郑(zheng)亦从之(zhi)也。
凡通货(huo)(huo)贿，以玺(xi)节出(chu)入之(zhi)。（玺(xi)节，印章(zhang)，如今斗检(jian)封矣，使人执之(zhi)以通商。以出(chu)货(huo)(huo)贿者，王之(zhi)司(si)也；以内货(huo)(huo)贿者，邦国之(zhi)司(si)也。）
[疏]“凡通”至“入之”
○释曰：金玉曰货，布帛曰贿。其玺节馀物亦通，而直云通货贿者，以物之贵及民之所用多者莫过货贿，故举以言之，无妨馀物亦通之。
○注“玺节”至“也”
○释曰：云(yun)“玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)，印章(zhang)，如(ru)金斗检封矣(yi)”者(zhe)，案汉法，斗检封，其刑(xing)方，上有(you)封检，其内(nei)(nei)有(you)书；则周时印章(zhang)上书其物(wu)，识(shi)事而已。云(yun)“使人执(zhi)之(zhi)以通商(shang)”者(zhe)，以其商(shang)旅主通货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)，故(gu)知执(zhi)玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)者(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)通商(shang)也(ye)。云(yun)“出(chu)(chu)货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)者(zhe)王(wang)之(zhi)司也(ye)”者(zhe)，以其商(shang)旅买(mai)货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)於(wu)(wu)，以出(chu)(chu)向(xiang)邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)，故(gu)知是(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)之(zhi)司给玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)也(ye)。云(yun)“内(nei)(nei)货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)者(zhe)，邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)之(zhi)司也(ye)”者(zhe)，以其货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)从(cong)邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)来，当入王(wang)畿，故(gu)知还是(shi)(shi)(shi)邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)之(zhi)司给玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)也(ye)。此(ci)经直云(yun)“入之(zhi)”，郑(zheng)虽云(yun)内(nei)(nei)货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)者(zhe)邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)之(zhi)司，亦容有(you)从(cong)畿内(nei)(nei)入者(zhe)，故(gu)下《掌节(jie)(jie)》云(yun)“货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)用玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)”，郑(zheng)云(yun)：“变司言货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)者(zhe)，货(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)贿(hui)非必(bi)由，或资(zi)於(wu)(wu)民家。”若然，商(shang)资(zi)於(wu)(wu)民家，得出(chu)(chu)向(xiang)邦(bang)(bang)国(guo)；若资(zi)於(wu)(wu)民家，亦容入来向(xiang)王(wang)卖之(zhi)，则玺(xi)(xi)节(jie)(jie)受之(zhi)於(wu)(wu)门关矣(yi)。
国(guo)凶荒札丧，则无征，而作布。（有(you)灾害，物(wu)贵，不税，为民乏困也。金铜无凶年，因物(wu)贵，大铸泉以饶(rao)民。）
[疏]“国凶”至“作布”
○释曰：凶荒谓年不熟。札谓疫病。丧谓死丧。恤其乏困，故无征也。
○注“金铜无年”
○释曰：以(yi)其(qi)凶(xiong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)则贵(gui)，金铜凶(xiong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)亦(yi)贱(jian)，故(gu)云“无凶(xiong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)”。是以(yi)谚(yan)云“丰年(nian)(nian)(nian)粟，俭年(nian)(nian)(nian)玉(yu)”。因云物(wu)贵(gui)者(zhe)，其(qi)物(wu)止谓(wei)米，馀物(wu)并贱(jian)也。
凡伪饰之禁，在民者十有二，在商者十有二，在贾者十有二，在工者十有二。（郑司农云：“所以俱十有二者，工不得作，贾不得粥，商不得资，民不得畜。”玄谓《王制》曰：“用器不中度，不粥於；兵车不中度，不粥於；布帛精粗不中数，幅广狭不中量，不粥於；奸色乱正色，不粥於；五不时，果实未熟，不粥於；木不中伐，不粥於；禽兽鱼鳖不中杀，不粥於。”亦其类也。於四十八则未闻，数十二焉。
○贾，音古，注同。粥，音育(yu)，下同。中(zhong)，丁仲反，下同。狭(xia)，音洽。数，色主反。）
[疏]“几”至“有二”
○释曰：云“凡伪饰之禁”，此与在民以下为总目，故云“凡”以广之。
○注“郑司”至“二焉”
○释曰(yue)：先郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所以俱十(shi)(shi)有(you)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)，工(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)”以下云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，谓(wei)民与商(shang)贾(jia)及(ji)工(gong)(gong)四(si)(si)者(zhe)皆(jie)同十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)工(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)者(zhe)，工(gong)(gong)匠主(zhu)营作(zuo)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)贾(jia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)粥(zhou)者(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)处曰(yue)贾(jia)，贾(jia)主(zhu)卖(mai)粥(zhou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)粥(zhou)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)商(shang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)资(zi)(zi)者(zhe)，商(shang)主(zhu)通货(huo)贿(hui)，货(huo)贿(hui)皆(jie)当豫资(zi)(zi)贮，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)资(zi)(zi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)民不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)畜者(zhe)，万民非作(zuo)、非粥(zhou)、非资(zi)(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以畜聚(ju)而言也(ye)。“玄谓(wei)《王制》曰(yue)，用器(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)(du)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)，案(an)彼(bi)郑(zheng)(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“用器(qi)，弓矢、耒耜。”耒耜长(zhang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)，弓长(zhang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，矢长(zhang)三(san)尺(chi)(chi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类，皆(jie)有(you)长(zhang)短(duan)度(du)(du)数(shu)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“兵(bing)车(che)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)(du)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)，案(an)《考工(gong)(gong)记(ji)》，轮人(ren)为兵(bing)车(che)、乘车(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轮，崇六(liu)(liu)(liu)尺(chi)(chi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)。成出革车(che)一(yi)乘，出於(wu)(wu)民间，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)民亦有(you)粥(zhou)兵(bing)车(che)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“布帛(bo)精粗不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)数(shu)、广(guang)狭(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”，布之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精粗，谓(wei)若朝服十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)，斩(zhan)(zhan)衰(shuai)(shuai)三(san)升(sheng)(sheng)，齐衰(shuai)(shuai)有(you)三(san)等，或四(si)(si)升(sheng)(sheng)、或五(wu)(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)、或六(liu)(liu)(liu)升(sheng)(sheng)，大功(gong)已下有(you)七(qi)升(sheng)(sheng)、八升(sheng)(sheng)、九(jiu)升(sheng)(sheng)，小(xiao)功(gong)有(you)十(shi)(shi)升(sheng)(sheng)、十(shi)(shi)一(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)、十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)升(sheng)(sheng)，缌(si)麻有(you)十(shi)(shi)五(wu)(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)抽(chou)去半。其(qi)(qi)帛(bo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)升(sheng)(sheng)数(shu)，礼无明(ming)文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“广(guang)狭(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)”者(zhe)，布幅则广(guang)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)尺(chi)(chi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)寸(cun)。共缯幅则依朝贡礼，广(guang)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)尺(chi)(chi)四(si)(si)寸(cun)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奸(jian)(jian)色乱(luan)(luan)正(zheng)色，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)，《论语》孔子“恶(e)紫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夺朱(zhu)(zhu)”，则朱(zhu)(zhu)是南方(fang)正(zheng)色，紫是北方(fang)奸(jian)(jian)色。紫夺朱(zhu)(zhu)色，是奸(jian)(jian)色乱(luan)(luan)正(zheng)色，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)孔子恶(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若然(ran)，自馀四(si)(si)方(fang)皆(jie)有(you)奸(jian)(jian)色、正(zheng)色，若红(hong)绿及(ji)碧等，皆(jie)有(you)乱(luan)(luan)正(zheng)色之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、果实(shi)(shi)未(wei)熟，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”，郑(zheng)(zheng)彼(bi)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“皆(jie)谓(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)利人(ren)。”“木(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)伐，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)彼(bi)注引(yin)《山虞职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“仲(zhong)冬斩(zhan)(zhan)阳木(mu)(mu)，仲(zhong)夏斩(zhan)(zhan)阴(yin)木(mu)(mu)”以为证，是非此(ci)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则木(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)伐。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“禽兽(shou)鱼鳖(bie)(bie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)杀，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)，案(an)《鳖(bie)(bie)人(ren)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“秋献鳖(bie)(bie)蜃，冬献龟鱼。”案(an)《礼记(ji)·王制》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“獭祭(ji)鱼，然(ran)後虞人(ren)入泽梁。豺祭(ji)兽(shou)，然(ran)後杀。”是杀禽兽(shou)鱼鳖(bie)(bie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)(de)(de)粥(zhou)於(wu)(wu)，非此(ci)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦其(qi)(qi)类也(ye)”者(zhe)，《王制》所云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)度(du)(du)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是在(zai)工(gong)(gong)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)数(shu)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)、奸(jian)(jian)色乱(luan)(luan)正(zheng)色是在(zai)商(shang)者(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及(ji)未(wei)熟是在(zai)农者(zhe)；此(ci)等亦兼有(you)在(zai)贾(jia)者(zhe)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)亦其(qi)(qi)类也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“於(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)八则未(wei)闻(wen)数(shu)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)”者(zhe)，《王制》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文，从用器(qi)为一(yi)，兵(bing)车(che)为二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，布三(san)，帛(bo)四(si)(si)，奸(jian)(jian)色五(wu)(wu)(wu)，五(wu)(wu)(wu)六(liu)(liu)(liu)，果实(shi)(shi)七(qi)，木(mu)(mu)八，禽九(jiu)，兽(shou)十(shi)(shi)，鱼十(shi)(shi)一(yi)，鳖(bie)(bie)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)，是闻(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)矣。於(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)十(shi)(shi)八则未(wei)闻(wen)三(san)十(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“未(wei)闻(wen)数(shu)十(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)”也(ye)。
刑，小刑宪罚，中刑徇罚，大刑扑罚，其附于刑者归于士。（徇，举以示其地之众也。扑，挞也。郑司农云：“宪罚，播其肆也。”故书附为付，杜子春云：“当为附。”
○付，刘(liu)方符反，沈音附。）
[疏]“刑”至“于士”
○释曰：“附於刑者归於士”者，此刑各有所对言之，刑虽轻，亦名为刑，若对五刑，则五种者为刑，故云附於刑归於士。士谓秋官士师、乡士、遂士之属。其人属彼者各归之，使刑官断之也。
○注“徇举”至“为附”
○释曰：“徇(xun)(xun)，举(ju)以示(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)地之(zhi)众也(ye)”者(zhe)，徇(xun)(xun)者(zhe)，徇(xun)(xun)列之(zhi)名(ming)。故知举(ju)其(qi)(qi)人以示(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)地肆(si)(si)之(zhi)众，使从为戒(jie)也(ye)。云“扑(pu)，挞(ta)(ta)也(ye)”者(zhe)，《大射(she)》云“司(si)射(she)扑(pu)”，《尚(shang)书(shu)》云“扑(pu)作(zuo)教(jiao)刑”，皆是笞挞(ta)(ta)为扑(pu)，故云扑(pu)挞(ta)(ta)也(ye)。先(xian)郑云“宪罚，播(bo)其(qi)(qi)肆(si)(si)也(ye)”者(zhe)，宪是表(biao)显之(zhi)名(ming)。徇(xun)(xun)既将身以示(shi)(shi)之(zhi)，则此宪是以文书(shu)表(biao)示(shi)(shi)於(wu)肆(si)(si)，若布(bu)宪之(zhi)类(lei)也(ye)。
国君过则刑人赦，夫人过罚一幕，世子过罚一，命夫过罚一盖，命妇过罚一帷。（谓诸侯及夫人、世子过其国之，大夫、内子过其都之也。者，人之所交利而行刑之处，君子无故不游观焉。若游观则施惠以为说也。国君则赦其刑人，夫人、世子、命夫、命妇则使之出罚，异尊卑也。所赦谓宪徇扑也。必罚幕盖帷，者众也，此四物者，在众之用也。此王国之而说国君以下过者，诸侯之於其国，与王同，以其足以互明之。
○幕(mu)，刘音莫。，音亦。观(guan)，古乱反(fan)(fan)，下同，或音官。为说，如字，解说也，聂如锐反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]注“谓诸”至“明之”
○释曰(yue)：云(yun)“大夫(fu)(fu)、内子(zi)”者，大夫(fu)(fu)中(zhong)含有(you)卿(qing)，内子(zi)，卿(qing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻，含大夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻命妇(fu)也(ye)(ye)，故经云(yun)命妇(fu)，注(zhu)云(yun)内子(zi)也(ye)(ye)。若然，此(ci)经大夫(fu)(fu)命妇(fu)，是(shi)诸侯(hou)(hou)科(ke)中(zhong)，不见(jian)天(tian)子(zi)卿(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)，则天(tian)子(zi)卿(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)与(yu)诸侯(hou)(hou)卿(qing)大夫(fu)(fu)及命妇(fu)，亦(yi)是(shi)互见(jian)为义(yi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“所罚谓宪徇(xun)(xun)扑也(ye)(ye)”者，其(qi)(qi)宪徇(xun)(xun)刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)轻(qing)者而赦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使出(chu)帷(wei)幕难备之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物者，出(chu)物虽重而无耻，宪徇(xun)(xun)虽轻(qing)而有(you)愧，故以出(chu)物为轻(qing)也(ye)(ye)。案《幕人》云(yun)“掌供帷(wei)幕幄(wo)(wo)绶”，帷(wei)幕用布，幄(wo)(wo)用缯(zeng)，在上(shang)曰(yue)幕，在旁(pang)曰(yue)帷(wei)，承尘。其(qi)(qi)盖当(dang)是(shi)於众中(zhong)障暑雨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盖，未必是(shi)轮人所作盖，弓二十有(you)八，在车者也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“诸侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於国(guo)，与(yu)王(wang)同，以其(qi)(qi)足以互明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者，此(ci)王(wang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若直见(jian)王(wang)后世子(zi)过(guo)，则不见(jian)诸侯(hou)(hou)已下。今以王(wang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而见(jian)诸侯(hou)(hou)已下过(guo)，足得(de)互见(jian)王(wang)已下过(guo)，故云(yun)互明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。
凡会同、师(shi)役，司帅贾师(shi)而从，治(zhi)其(qi)政(zheng)，掌其(qi)卖亻卖之事。（司，司也。亻卖，买也。会同师(shi)役必有者，大众所在，来物以备之。）
[疏]“凡会”至“之事”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：王与(yu)诸侯行(xing)会同及师(shi)役征伐之等(deng)，或在(zai)畿(ji)内(nei)，或在(zai)畿(ji)外，皆有(you)。则司帅(shuai)贾师(shi)而(er)从，以其知物(wu)贾，故(gu)(gu)使从。不(bu)(bu)帅(shuai)胥师(shi)者，胥师(shi)不(bu)(bu)知物(wu)贾，於事缓，故(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)从也。