卷九 九之一
◎鹿鸣(ming)之什诂训(xun)传第(di)十六
○陆曰：什(shen)音十(shi)。什(shen)者(zhe)，若五等(deng)之(zhi)君有诗，各系其国，举“周南(nan)”即题《关雎》。至(zhi)於王(wang)者(zhe)施教，统有四海，歌咏之(zhi)作，非止一人，篇(pian)数既多，故以十(shi)篇(pian)编为一卷，名之(zhi)为什(shen)。
毛诗小雅
○陆曰(yue)：从《鹿鸣(ming)》至《菁菁者莪(e)》，凡(fan)二(er)(er)十(shi)二(er)(er)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，皆正小雅。六篇(pian)(pian)(pian)亡，今唯十(shi)六篇(pian)(pian)(pian)。从此至《鱼丽(li)》十(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，是文、武之小雅。先(xian)其(qi)文王以治(zhi)内(nei)，后其(qi)武王以治(zhi)外，宴劳嘉宾，亲睦(mu)九族，事非隆重(zhong)，故为(wei)小雅。皆圣人之迹，故谓之“正”。
小大雅谱小雅、大雅者，周室居西都丰、镐之时诗也。
○正义(yi)曰：以(yi)此(ci)二雅(ya)(ya)，正有(you)(you)文、武(wu)、成(cheng)，变有(you)(you)厉(li)、宣、幽(you)，六(liu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)皆(jie)居(ju)在(zai)(zai)(zai)镐(hao)(hao)、丰(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地，故(gu)曰“丰(feng)、镐(hao)(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)”。知者(zhe)，《文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)声》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“作(zuo)邑(yi)於丰(feng)”，是文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)丰(feng)也(ye)(ye)。又曰“考卜(bu)维(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，宅是镐(hao)(hao)京。维(wei)龟正之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，武(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)成(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，是武(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)镐(hao)(hao)也(ye)(ye)。太史(shi)公(gong)曰：“成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)卜(bu)居(ju)洛邑(yi)，定九鼎焉，而周(zhou)复(fu)都(dou)丰(feng)、镐(hao)(hao)。”《外传(chuan)》曰：“杜伯射宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)於镐(hao)(hao)。”《鱼(yu)藻序》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)镐(hao)(hao)京。”是幽(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)上(shang)皆(jie)居(ju)镐(hao)(hao)也(ye)(ye)。《世(shi)本》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“懿王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)徙於犬丘。”《地里(li)志》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“京兆槐里(li)县，周(zhou)曰犬丘，懿王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)都(dou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”京兆郡，故(gu)长安(an)县也(ye)(ye)。皇甫(fu)谧云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“镐(hao)(hao)在(zai)(zai)(zai)长安(an)南二十里(li)。”然则(ze)犬丘与(yu)镐(hao)(hao)相近(jin)，有(you)(you)离宫在(zai)(zai)(zai)焉，懿王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)蹔居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非迁都(dou)也(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)必(bi)须言周(zhou)室居(ju)丰(feng)、镐(hao)(hao)者(zhe)，以(yi)国风皆(jie)题诸(zhu)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名，知其(qi)(qi)国土所(suo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)，雅(ya)(ya)亦(yi)须显其(qi)(qi)号，并知天子所(suo)居(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处也(ye)(ye)。《采薇》、《出车(che)》以(yi)天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)命(ming)将率，则(ze)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时未称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)。则(ze)二雅(ya)(ya)各有(you)(you)未称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时作(zuo)者(zhe)。未称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时，则(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)岐(qi)(qi)周(zhou)矣(yi)，而系(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丰(feng)者(zhe)，以(yi)其(qi)(qi)为(wei)雅(ya)(ya)诗(shi)者(zhe)，即述天子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政，文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)丰(feng)乃(nai)称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，纵使在(zai)(zai)(zai)岐(qi)(qi)周(zhou)时作(zuo)，亦(yi)系(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於丰(feng)也(ye)(ye)。厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)流于彘，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)爵仍存，镐(hao)(hao)京尚在(zai)(zai)(zai)，故(gu)亦(yi)总云(yun)(yun)(yun)丰(feng)、镐(hao)(hao)焉。雅(ya)(ya)题不曰周(zhou)者(zhe)，以(yi)雅(ya)(ya)与(yu)国风绝殊，又无异代相涉，故(gu)不言周(zhou)也(ye)(ye)。
始祖后稷，由神气而生，有播种之功於民。公刘至于大王、王季，历及千载，越异代，而别世载其功业，为天下所归。
○正义曰：案《周本纪》云：公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)，后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)曾孙。大王(wang)，公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)九世(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)孙。后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)在(zai)唐(tang)、虞之(zhi)(zhi)时，公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)当夏(xia)大康之(zhi)(zhi)时。此(ci)至(zhi)大王(wang)、王(wang)季(ji)，历夏(xia)、商(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)(shi)。《汉(han)书·律历志》云“夏(xia)凡四百四十年，殷凡六百二十九年”，则馀一千矣(yi)，故曰“历千载(zai)，越异代”也。言后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)至(zhi)於大王(wang)，则公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)在(zai)其间矣(yi)，而别言公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)者，以(yi)周之(zhi)(zhi)先公(gong)(gong)皆能修后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)业，公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)、大王(wang)，其中贤俊者，故历言之(zhi)(zhi)。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)追(zhui)说后(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)、公(gong)(gong)刘(liu)、大王(wang)者，言周德积基所(suo)(suo)由也。
文王受命，武王遂定天下。盛德之隆，大雅之初，起自《文王》，至于《文王有声》，据盛隆而推原天命，上述祖考之美。
○正(zheng)义曰：自《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》至《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)声》凡十(shi)篇(pian)(pian)。《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》、《大(da)明》、《绵(mian)》、《棫(yu)朴》、《思齐(qi)》、《皇(huang)矣》、《灵(ling)台》七篇(pian)(pian)，序皆云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，《旱麓(lu)》一篇(pian)(pian)居中，从可知凡八篇(pian)(pian)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)雅(ya)也(ye)(ye)。《下武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》、《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)声》二篇(pian)(pian)，序皆言(yan)(yan)(yan)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，则(ze)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)雅(ya)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)道同，故(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)连言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。雅(ya)有(you)小大(da)二体，而(er)(er)体亦由(you)事(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)定，故(gu)(gu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)受(shou)(shou)命(ming)为(wei)盛，大(da)雅(ya)以(yi)(yi)盛为(wei)主(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)篇(pian)(pian)先(xian)盛隆。《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》言(yan)(yan)(yan)“受(shou)(shou)命(ming)作周(zhou)”，《大(da)明》言(yan)(yan)(yan)“天复命(ming)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，是盛隆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》为(wei)首(shou)，《大(da)明》次(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)所以(yi)(yi)得(de)受(shou)(shou)天命(ming)，由(you)祖(zu)考(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye)，故(gu)(gu)又次(ci)《绵(mian)》也(ye)(ye)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兴，本由(you)大(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既因(yin)祖(zu)业(ye)，得(de)四臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)，即是能官(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)人，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《棫(yu)朴》也(ye)(ye)。既言(yan)(yan)(yan)任臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)力(li)，又述(shu)受(shou)(shou)祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《旱麓(lu)》也(ye)(ye)。《旱麓(lu)》直(zhi)论乐易(yi)於(wu)民施化而(er)(er)已(yi)，非盛事(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)在(zai)《棫(yu)朴》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下。既言(yan)(yan)(yan)受(shou)(shou)祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业(ye)，又述(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)母之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贤而(er)(er)得(de)成(cheng)为(wei)圣，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《思齐(qi)》也(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既圣，世(shi)修其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)，天使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)代殷(yin)，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《皇(huang)矣》。既圣能代，德(de)及鸟(niao)兽，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《灵(ling)台》。《绵(mian)》与(yu)《旱麓(lu)》、《皇(huang)矣》皆述(shu)大(da)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)季之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，是上述(shu)祖(zu)考(kao)者。郑(zheng)以(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)据受(shou)(shou)命(ming)盛隆，逆而(er)(er)本之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)祖(zu)父，取编篇(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，故(gu)(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀不尽(jin)论也(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，《下武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)序》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“继(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)。”明以(yi)(yi)上文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)(shi)，《下武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》则(ze)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)继(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既能继(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)伐功(gong)，故(gu)(gu)次(ci)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)声》。序云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“继(ji)伐也(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐崇，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)继(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)伐纣也(ye)(ye)。案《大(da)明》，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，而(er)(er)经陈(chen)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)；《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)声》，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，而(er)(er)经陈(chen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)势正(zheng)同，而(er)(er)诗主(zhu)相反(fan)者，由(you)作者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意殊也(ye)(ye)。《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》经云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荩臣(chen)，无念尔祖(zu)”，以(yi)(yi)戒成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)；《大(da)明》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“笃生(sheng)(sheng)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，言(yan)(yan)(yan)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谥(shi)，则(ze)二篇(pian)(pian)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)作也(ye)(ye)。《绵(mian)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)厥厥生(sheng)(sheng)”，《思齐(qi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)母”，《皇(huang)矣》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“帝谓文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，三(san)篇(pian)(pian)皆言(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谥(shi)，则(ze)皆文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩(beng)后(hou)作之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《棫(yu)朴》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“济(ji)济(ji)辟王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，《灵(ling)台》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)灵(ling)沼”，皆言(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，则(ze)称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)作也(ye)(ye)。唯《旱麓(lu)》不言(yan)(yan)(yan)谥(shi)，又不言(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，或(huo)未(wei)称王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前作也(ye)(ye)。但(dan)经无谥(shi)者，或(huo)当其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，或(huo)在(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)崩(beng)后(hou)，不可定也(ye)(ye)。《下武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》不言(yan)(yan)(yan)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谥(shi)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)作。《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)声》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)烝(zheng)哉”，言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)谥(shi)，则(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)崩(beng)后(hou)作也(ye)(ye)。
小雅自《鹿鸣》至於《鱼丽》，先其文所以治内，后其武所以治外。
○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)：此(ci)又解小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)比篇(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》云“文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，西有(you)(you)(you)(you)昆(kun)(kun)夷(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患，北有(you)(you)(you)(you)玁狁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)难，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)命(ming)将率(lv)，歌《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)遣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，《出(chu)车(che)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)还(hai)(hai)，《杕杜(du)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)勤归”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》等(deng)篇(pian)皆(jie)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)。《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上，自(zi)然(ran)是(shi)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《鱼(yu)(yu)丽(li)(li)序》文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)并言(yan)(yan)(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《鱼(yu)(yu)丽(li)(li)》武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《鹿鸣(ming)》至《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》六篇(pian)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)朋(peng)友(you)，是(shi)文(wen)(wen)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)命(ming)将出(chu)征(zheng)，皆(jie)是(shi)武(wu)(wu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《鱼(yu)(yu)丽(li)(li)序》曰(yue)(yue)：“文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上治(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)，《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)治(zhi)(zhi)外。”既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)治(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)，君为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)元首，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)股肱，君能(neng)恳诚(cheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)(le)下(xia)(xia)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)能(neng)尽忠(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)上，此(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尤急，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《鹿鸣(ming)》燕(yan)(yan)(yan)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)嘉宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)在(zai)(zai)国(guo)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)还(hai)(hai)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《四(si)(si)牡(mu)》劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)还(hai)(hai)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)君劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，去当(dang)送之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《皇(huang)皇(huang)者(zhe)(zhe)华(hua)》，言(yan)(yan)(yan)遣使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin)，出(chu)即遣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，反(fan)乃劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)遣先(xian)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)矣。此(ci)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先(xian)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)遣者(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)役(yi)，苦於(wu)(wu)上所不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)已劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)怨；有(you)(you)(you)(you)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)见知(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)虽劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)怨，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)往反(fan)，固非其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一，《四(si)(si)牡(mu)》所劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)，不(bu)必(bi)是(shi)《皇(huang)皇(huang)者(zhe)(zhe)华(hua)》所遣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)使(shi)(shi)，二(er)(er)篇(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，又不(bu)必(bi)一人(ren)(ren)(ren)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)轻重(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君臣(chen)(chen)(chen)既(ji)洽，邻(lin)(lin)国(guo)又睦(mu)，乃可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和燕(yan)(yan)(yan)宗(zong)族，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《常棣》，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)兄弟(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。兄弟(di)既(ji)和，又及(ji)朋(peng)友(you)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《伐(fa)(fa)木》，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)朋(peng)友(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)旧也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。君既(ji)能(neng)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)下(xia)(xia)，臣(chen)(chen)(chen)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)归美以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)报(bao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》，言(yan)(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)报(bao)上也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。内(nei)(nei)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既(ji)治(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)当(dang)命(ming)将征(zheng)伐(fa)(fa)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)御夷(yi)(yi)狄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)患，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》，遣戍役(yi)。遣则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)欲其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)同心，还(hai)(hai)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)别(bie)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)贵贱(jian)，先(xian)《出(chu)车(che)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)将率(lv)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)《杕杜(du)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)还(hai)(hai)役(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)既(ji)终，可(ke)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)继之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)治(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)(nei)外有(you)(you)(you)(you)成功，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)因之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，得(de)万物(wu)盛(sheng)多，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《鱼(yu)(yu)丽(li)(li)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。万物(wu)既(ji)多，人(ren)(ren)(ren)得(de)养(yang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)父母，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《南陔》，孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)相(xiang)戒以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)养(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)非徒能(neng)养(yang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)亲，身(shen)又清(qing)洁，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《白华(hua)》，言(yan)(yan)(yan)孝(xiao)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)洁白也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。万物(wu)盛(sheng)多，人(ren)(ren)(ren)民忠(zhong)孝(xiao)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)致时(shi)和年(nian)丰(feng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《华(hua)黍(shu)(shu)》，岁丰(feng)宜黍(shu)(shu)稷也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《思齐》说(shuo)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)教，先(xian)兄弟(di)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)家(jia)邦，此(ci)诗(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，先(xian)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)兄弟(di)者(zhe)(zhe)，彼说(shuo)施法(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，先(xian)齐其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)家(jia)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)化於(wu)(wu)外，自(zi)近及(ji)远(yuan)(yuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)。此(ci)即为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)，固当(dang)先(xian)国(guo)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)族人(ren)(ren)(ren)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)使(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)在(zai)(zai)先(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又《鹿鸣(ming)》等(deng)三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)，皆(jie)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子(zi)(zi)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)政(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)务，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世常歌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)乡饮酒、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)皆(jie)歌此(ci)三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)。《四(si)(si)牡(mu)》传曰(yue)(yue)：“文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)率(lv)诸(zhu)侯(hou)，抚叛国(guo)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)朝聘(pin)於(wu)(wu)纣，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)歌文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世法(fa)。”是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)可(ke)法(fa)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)乐(le)(le)常歌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。推此(ci)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)乐(le)(le)歌《周(zhou)南》、《召(zhao)南》及(ji)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，皆(jie)歌其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)首三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)。《书传》多云“升歌清(qing)庙”，是(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)重(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常歌，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)篇(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多在(zai)(zai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前。案《书传》文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受(shou)命(ming)四(si)(si)年(nian)伐(fa)(fa)昆(kun)(kun)夷(yi)(yi)，《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)伐(fa)(fa)昆(kun)(kun)夷(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)受(shou)命(ming)四(si)(si)年(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《出(chu)车(che)》、《杕杜(du)》，役(yi)反(fan)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)劳(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)(lao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《出(chu)车(che)》经(jing)(jing)曰(yue)(yue)“春日迟(chi)迟(chi)，薄(bo)言(yan)(yan)(yan)还(hai)(hai)归”，在(zai)(zai)受(shou)命(ming)五年(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)反(fan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)前矣。《鹿鸣(ming)》，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)嘉宾(bin)，嘉宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)，容有(you)(you)(you)(you)邻(lin)(lin)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)聘(pin)客也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，明亦(yi)(yi)(yi)未(wei)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《四(si)(si)牡(mu)》云：“周(zhou)道倭迟(chi)。”传曰(yue)(yue)：“岐(qi)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道。”尚(shang)在(zai)(zai)岐(qi)周(zhou)未(wei)迁，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)未(wei)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《皇(huang)皇(huang)者(zhe)(zhe)华(hua)》，君遣使(shi)(shi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)，是(shi)聘(pin)问邻(lin)(lin)国(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，与诸(zhu)侯(hou)礼(li)异，不(bu)得(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)邻(lin)(lin)国(guo)相(xiang)聘(pin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)未(wei)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)三(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，或在(zai)(zai)《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)节(jie)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)弟(di)不(bu)可(ke)得(de)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)可(ke)矣。《伐(fa)(fa)木》云“陈馈(kui)八(ba)簋”，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)制；《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》云“禴祠烝(zheng)尝，于公先(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，追王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)改祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，定是(shi)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。无文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谥，或当(dang)时(shi)即作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，或崩后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，未(wei)可(ke)定也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。检(jian)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)经(jing)(jing)每言(yan)(yan)(yan)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谥，多在(zai)(zai)武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、成王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)唯有(you)(you)(you)(you)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，曾无言(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)谥者(zhe)(zhe)，又所论多称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，知(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)先(xian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)六诗(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，各有(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)(ti)，咏(yong)由歌政(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)兴(xing)(xing)，体(ti)(ti)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)因政(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)异，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政(zheng)(zheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)巨(ju)细，诗(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)，不(bu)在(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)篇(pian)尚(shang)不(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，况小(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)反(fan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异乎？且就检(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)然(ran)矣。《绵(mian)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)伐(fa)(fa)昆(kun)(kun)夷(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，《采薇(wei)(wei)(wei)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)伐(fa)(fa)昆(kun)(kun)夷(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。《绵(mian)》云“虞芮(rui)质厥(jue)成”，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初。《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》云“禴祠烝(zheng)尝”，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)称(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。《天(tian)(tian)(tian)保(bao)》在(zai)(zai)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，《绵(mian)》在(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，明不(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)分(fen)属二(er)(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。但作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)各有(you)(you)(you)(you)所拟述(shu)(shu)，大(da)(da)政(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体(ti)(ti)，述(shu)(shu)小(xiao)(xiao)政(zheng)(zheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体(ti)(ti)。体(ti)(ti)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)政(zheng)(zheng)兴(xing)(xing)，名以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)体(ti)(ti)定。体(ti)(ti)既(ji)不(bu)同，雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)，大(da)(da)师审(shen)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所述(shu)(shu)，察其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)异体(ti)(ti)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)分(fen)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)别(bie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。自(zi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)泽竭而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)诗(shi)息，暴秦起而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)乐(le)(le)亡，去圣久远(yuan)(yuan)，无所传授，虽仿(fang)佛(fo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)校(xiao)，不(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)宣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《诗(shi)》次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)先(xian)小(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，此(ci)郑先(xian)论大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)者(zhe)(zhe)，诗(shi)见事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)渐，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)小(xiao)(xiao)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)大(da)(da)。郑以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)述(shu)(shu)盛(sheng)隆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)焉。
此二雅逆顺之次，要於极贤圣之情，著天道之助，如此而已矣。
○正义曰：由祖考积基之美，致(zhi)令受命(ming)(ming)而王，今(jin)大雅(ya)先(xian)陈(chen)受命(ming)(ming)，后述祖考，从下(xia)而上(shang)，是(shi)(shi)逆(ni)也(ye)。为(wei)政(zheng)之法，当以近及远，今(jin)小雅(ya)先(xian)内后外，是(shi)(shi)顺也(ye)。二雅(ya)逆(ni)顺虽异(yi)，其致(zhi)一也(ye)，皆(jie)要(yao)在於极(ji)尽先(xian)祖贤圣(sheng)之情，著明天道(dao)符命(ming)(ming)之助而已矣。公刘、大王、王季是(shi)(shi)贤也(ye)，即《绵》与《旱麓》等诗是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。文王、武王圣(sheng)也(ye)，即述文、武诗是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。天道(dao)助者，即“周虽旧邦，其命(ming)(ming)维新(xin)”之属是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。
又大雅《生民》下及《卷阿》，小雅《南有嘉鱼》下及《菁菁者莪》，周公、成王之时诗也。
○正(zheng)义曰(yue)(yue)：知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)《生(sheng)民(min)》者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)《生(sheng)民(min)序(xu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，起(qi)於(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)推(tui)(tui)以(yi)(yi)配天(tian)焉。”明(ming)(ming)是(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)见文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)起(qi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)推(tui)(tui)以(yi)(yi)配天(tian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)人(ren)，唯周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)耳。《孝经(jing)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“昔者(zhe)(zhe)，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)郊祀后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)以(yi)(yi)配天(tian)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《生(sheng)民(min)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)。《生(sheng)民(min)》既(ji)(ji)(ji)然(ran)(ran)，至(zhi)《卷(juan)(juan)阿(a)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)《南有(you)(you)嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)《六月(yue)序(xu)》广陈(chen)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)废，自(zi)《华(hua)黍》以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)缺(que)，《由(you)(you)庚》以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)缺(que)，明(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)诗(shi)异主(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《鱼(yu)丽》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，《华(hua)黍》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)与(yu)上(shang)(shang)同，明(ming)(ming)以(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)，《由(you)(you)庚》以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《南有(you)(you)嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)”，《蓼(liao)萧》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“泽(ze)及(ji)四海(hai)”，语其(qi)(qi)(qi)时事(shi)(shi)(shi)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)明(ming)(ming)矣(yi)。序(xu)者(zhe)(zhe)盖(gai)亦以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)著明(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)号(hao)谥焉。《由(you)(you)庚》既(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，则(ze)(ze)《南有(you)(you)嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》至(zhi)《菁菁者(zhe)(zhe)莪(e)(e)》从可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)《菁菁者(zhe)(zhe)莪(e)(e)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。以(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)摄(she)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)统於(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)并举之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《由(you)(you)庚》在(zai)《嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》前矣(yi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)自(zi)《由(you)(you)庚》者(zhe)(zhe)，据见在(zai)而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。郑所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)数亡者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)毛(mao)(mao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)《由(you)(you)庚》以(yi)(yi)就《崇丘》。若言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)自(zi)《由(you)(you)庚》，则(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)包《南有(you)(you)嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)《由(you)(you)庚》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)首，则(ze)(ze)《华(hua)黍》不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)未，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)说文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)至(zhi)《华(hua)黍》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)比篇(pian)(pian)如(ru)此(ci)次(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)，以(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)祖考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先，文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)起(qi)，人(ren)本(ben)於(wu)祖，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《生(sheng)民(min)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)尊(zun)祖也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)，世笃(du)忠(zhong)(zhong)厚，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《行苇》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)忠(zhong)(zhong)厚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)能忠(zhong)(zhong)厚，化(hua)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)，令天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)醉饱，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《既(ji)(ji)(ji)醉》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)得(de)(de)(de)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，又(you)能久持(chi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)能持(chi)盈守成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》止(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)祭(ji)神，无(wu)(wu)(wu)持(chi)盈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)序(xu)以(yi)(yi)承太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，因(yin)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君子能持(chi)盈守成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，则(ze)(ze)神祗(zhi)祖考安乐(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)傅会其(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)篇(pian)(pian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。推(tui)(tui)此(ci)，明(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)馀皆(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)次(ci)(ci)(ci)比之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义。既(ji)(ji)(ji)能持(chi)盈不(bu)(bu)(bu)失(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)嘉(jia)(jia)美，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《假(jia)乐(le)(le)》嘉(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)嘉(jia)(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，又(you)恐(kong)其(qi)(qi)(qi)怠慢(man)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)刘(liu)(liu)》、《泂(jiong)酌》、《卷(juan)(juan)阿(a)》戒(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)初莅政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)留意(yi)(yi)於(wu)治民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)刘(liu)(liu)》厚於(wu)民(min)以(yi)(yi)戒(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)戒(jie)以(yi)(yi)民(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，欲其(qi)(qi)(qi)忠(zhong)(zhong)信，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《泂(jiong)酌》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)忠(zhong)(zhong)信，须求贤(xian)(xian)(xian)自(zi)辅，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《卷(juan)(juan)阿(a)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诗(shi)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)，自(zi)有(you)(you)次(ci)(ci)(ci)第，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)卒章曰(yue)(yue)“矢诗(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)多(duo)，维(wei)以(yi)(yi)遂歌(ge)(ge)(ge)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)，以(yi)(yi)承文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，继体之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，调(diao)阴(yin)阳，育万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)。《由(you)(you)庚》，万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)(de)(de)由(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)。《南有(you)(you)嘉(jia)(jia)鱼(yu)》，乐(le)(le)与(yu)贤(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《崇丘》，万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)(de)(de)极其(qi)(qi)(qi)高大(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《南山有(you)(you)台》，乐(le)(le)得(de)(de)(de)贤(xian)(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)。《由(you)(you)仪》，万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)生(sheng)，各得(de)(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)宜。此(ci)五(wu)篇(pian)(pian)乐(le)(le)与(yu)，万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)，更相互见，明(ming)(ming)得(de)(de)(de)贤(xian)(xian)(xian)所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)养(yang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)(de)(de)宜，又(you)能周(zhou)(zhou)及(ji)海(hai)外，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《蓼(liao)萧》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)万(wan)(wan)物(wu)(wu)(wu)得(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)，四海(hai)蒙(meng)泽(ze)，天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)饮燕诸侯，褒(bao)赐有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《湛露》、《彤弓》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)见因(yin)飨燕而(er)赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先燕后(hou)(hou)(hou)赐也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)蒙(meng)赏，唯才是(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)乐(le)(le)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)《菁菁者(zhe)(zhe)莪(e)(e)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)如(ru)此(ci)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时节则(ze)(ze)难明(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《生(sheng)民(min)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“推(tui)(tui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)配天(tian)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)制礼之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，则(ze)(ze)摄(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)六年(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)作(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《行苇》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“曾孙维(wei)主(zhu)”，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)摄(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)孺子，养(yang)老之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。《行苇》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，则(ze)(ze)在(zai)即(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《既(ji)(ji)(ji)醉》告太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》守成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)摄(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)三年(nian)(nian)则(ze)(ze)致(zhi)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，既(ji)(ji)(ji)已太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，则(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)可(ke)(ke)守，作(zuo)(zuo)必在(zai)摄(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)三年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)定(ding)指其(qi)(qi)(qi)时也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《假(jia)乐(le)(le)》嘉(jia)(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)显显令德(de)，官人(ren)安民(min)，则(ze)(ze)亦即(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)矣(yi)。《公(gong)(gong)(gong)刘(liu)(liu)》、《泂(jiong)酌》、《卷(juan)(juan)阿(a)》，同是(shi)(shi)(shi)召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戒(jie)。《公(gong)(gong)(gong)刘(liu)(liu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)将莅政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)”，则(ze)(ze)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)在(zai)《行苇》、《假(jia)乐(le)(le)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《既(ji)(ji)(ji)醉》、《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》指论太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)、守成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)废在(zai)《生(sheng)民(min)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)既(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)先后(hou)(hou)(hou)，则(ze)(ze)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)亦当然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)无(wu)(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，又(you)无(wu)(wu)(wu)即(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)多(duo)在(zai)摄(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)定(ding)其(qi)(qi)(qi)年(nian)(nian)月(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。襄二十(shi)九年(nian)(nian)《左(zuo)传(chuan)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)吴季(ji)札歌(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，服(fu)虔(qian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“自(zi)《鹿鸣》至(zhi)《菁菁者(zhe)(zhe)莪(e)(e)》，道(dao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)脩小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，定(ding)大(da)(da)(da)(da)乱，致(zhi)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，乐(le)(le)且有(you)(you)仪，是(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。”皇甫谧亦云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“诗(shi)人(ren)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，今(jin)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)《鱼(yu)丽》至(zhi)《菁菁者(zhe)(zhe)莪(e)(e)》七(qi)篇(pian)(pian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”则(ze)(ze)服(fu)虔(qian)与(yu)皇甫谧以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)无(wu)(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左(zuo)传(chuan)》又(you)曰(yue)(yue)：“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。”服(fu)虔(qian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“陈(chen)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)。自(zi)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)》以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)至(zhi)《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)正(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。”则(ze)(ze)服(fu)虔(qian)又(you)以(yi)(yi)《生(sheng)民(min)》、《行苇》、《既(ji)(ji)(ji)醉》、《凫(fu)鹥(yi)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐纣，未几而(er)崩，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)、泽(ze)及(ji)四海(hai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。《蓼(liao)萧》、《既(ji)(ji)(ji)醉》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辈，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，安得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)乎？即(ji)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，《六月(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)何当废缺(que)异文(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？《生(sheng)民(min)》推(tui)(tui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)(ji)配天(tian)，《行苇》曾孙维(wei)主(zhu)，《书传(chuan)》配天(tian)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)谓周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，曾孙皆(jie)(jie)(jie)斥成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)矣(yi)。《华(hua)黍》、《由(you)(you)庚》本(ben)相连比，毛(mao)(mao)氏分(fen)(fen)序(xu)，致(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)篇(pian)(pian)端，使《华(hua)黍》就上(shang)(shang)，《由(you)(you)庚》退下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，则(ze)(ze)毛(mao)(mao)意(yi)(yi)亦以(yi)(yi)《由(you)(you)庚》以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)，亡诗(shi)六篇(pian)(pian)自(zi)可(ke)(ke)聚(ju)在(zai)一处，何须分(fen)(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？服(fu)虔(qian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)误，违诗(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)，失(shi)毛(mao)(mao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旨，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)然(ran)(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
传曰“文王基之，武王凿之，周公内之”，谓其道同，终始相成，比而合之，故大雅十八篇、小雅十六为正经。
○正义(yi)曰(yue)：此传(chuan)(chuan)以作室为(wei)(wei)喻也。言周国之(zhi)兴(xing)，警如为(wei)(wei)室，文王始造(zao)其基，武王凿其榱栋，周公内而(er)架之(zhi)，乃成为(wei)(wei)室。犹言文王受(shou)命，武王因之(zhi)，得(de)伐纣定天下(xia)，周公致太平，制礼作乐以成之(zhi)，故《中候》曰(yue)：“昌受(shou)命，发行(xing)诛，旦弘道。”是其终(zhong)始相成，故比合其诗(shi)，大(da)雅十(shi)八篇，小雅十(shi)六(liu)篇，为(wei)(wei)正经(jing)(jing)。凡书(shu)非正经(jing)(jing)者，谓(wei)之(zhi)传(chuan)(chuan)。未知此传(chuan)(chuan)在何(he)书(shu)也。
其用於乐，国君以小雅，天子以大雅，然而飨宾或上取，燕或下就。
○正(zheng)(zheng)义曰：以(yi)(yi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)乐(le)(le)(le)章，既(ji)说(shuo)二雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)经(jing)，因(yin)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用乐(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。变者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)虽(sui)(sui)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)播(bo)於乐(le)(le)(le)，或(huo)(huo)无筭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)(jie)所(suo)(suo)(suo)用，或(huo)(huo)随事类而(er)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)，又在(zai)制礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，乐(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)常用，故(gu)郑於变雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)下(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)所(suo)(suo)(suo)用焉(yan)。知(zhi)国君(jun)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)《乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)(jiu)》云“乃合乐(le)(le)(le)《关(guan)(guan)雎》、《鹊巢》”，则(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)。《燕礼(li)》云：“遂歌(ge)(ge)(ge)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)《周南(nan)·关(guan)(guan)雎》、《召南(nan)·鹊巢》。”燕诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，谓《周南(nan)》、《召南(nan)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)。乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)(jiu)，大(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，直云“合乐(le)(le)(le)”。大(da)夫称乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)(jiu)？是(shi)(shi)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)可知(zhi)，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)云乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)。由(you)此(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)知(zhi)风(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)矣(yi)。《左传(chuan)》晋为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)穆叔《文(wen)王》、《鹿鸣(ming)》别歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一等(deng)(deng)，小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一等(deng)(deng)。风(feng)(feng)既(ji)定为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)，差(cha)次之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)上(shang)，明(ming)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)，大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)矣(yi)。且(qie)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)(jiu)，乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)大(da)夫宾(bin)贤(xian)能之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)也(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)宾(bin)用敌礼(li)，是(shi)(shi)平等(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事合己乐(le)(le)(le)，而(er)上(shang)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)乐(le)(le)(le)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)则(ze)(ze)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己乐(le)(le)(le)，而(er)穆叔云“《文(wen)王》，两(liang)君(jun)相(xiang)见之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)”，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)则(ze)(ze)两(liang)君(jun)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)敌，明(ming)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)乐(le)(le)(le)。故(gu)知(zhi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)矣(yi)。乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)射之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)云：乃合乐(le)(le)(le)《周南(nan)》、《召南(nan)》等(deng)(deng)。注云：不(bu)(bu)(bu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)、不(bu)(bu)(bu)笙、不(bu)(bu)(bu)间，志(zhi)在(zai)射，略(lve)於乐(le)(le)(le)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)略(lve)合乐(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，风(feng)(feng)，乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)也(ye)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)可略(lve)其(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)。大(da)射，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，明(ming)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)乐(le)(le)(le)也(ye)。其(qi)经(jing)曰“乃歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿鸣(ming)》三(san)终，乃下(xia)管《新宫(gong)》三(san)终”，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)笙、不(bu)(bu)(bu)间，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合，明(ming)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)略(lve)乐(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)略(lve)其(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)，是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)，於是(shi)(shi)明(ming)矣(yi)。自然(ran)(ran)(ran)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)可知(zhi)。若然(ran)(ran)(ran)，小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)得(de)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)本缘(yuan)政(zheng)而(er)作(zuo)，臣无庆赏威刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)有诗(shi)(shi)(shi)。而(er)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐(le)(le)(le)章，善(shan)恶所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)劝戒，尤美者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)典法，故(gu)虽(sui)(sui)无诗(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，今得(de)进而(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)风(feng)(feng)化天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)，故(gu)曰“用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)焉(yan)，用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)邦(bang)国焉(yan)”，因(yin)其(qi)节(jie)(jie)文(wen)，使之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有等(deng)(deng)。风(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)夫妇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，生民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本，王政(zheng)所(suo)(suo)(suo)重，欲(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)遍化之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)风(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)。风(feng)(feng)本诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)，乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)用，故(gu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)进用小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)既(ji)用小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，自然(ran)(ran)(ran)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)用大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)矣(yi)。故(gu)《乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)(jiu)》、《燕礼(li)》注云“乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，风(feng)(feng)也(ye)。小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)，大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、颂(song)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)”，是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。彼(bi)注颂(song)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)，此(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)颂(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)因(yin)风(feng)(feng)与(yu)二雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)尊卑(bei)等(deng)(deng)级(ji)，以(yi)(yi)见其(qi)差(cha)降，故(gu)其(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)及颂(song)耳。国君(jun)以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)以(yi)(yi)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，举其(qi)正(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)(suo)(suo)当用者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。然(ran)(ran)(ran)而(er)至於飨(xiang)宾(bin)或(huo)(huo)上(shang)取，燕或(huo)(huo)下(xia)就，天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)纯以(yi)(yi)大(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)纯以(yi)(yi)小(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，故(gu)下(xia)郑分别说(shuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
何者？天子飨元侯，歌《肆夏》，合《文王》。诸侯歌《文王》，合《鹿鸣》。诸侯於邻国之君，与天子於诸侯同。
○正(zheng)(zheng)义曰：郑既言有(you)上(shang)取下就之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，因自问(wen)而释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“何者(zhe)(zhe)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)发端(duan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。知歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)、合(he)(he)(he)如(ru)此者(zhe)(zhe)，《左传(chuan)(chuan)》曰：“穆叔(shu)如(ru)晋(jin)，晋(jin)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)飨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拜(bai)。工(gong)(gong)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拜(bai)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)，三(san)拜(bai)。韩献子(zi)(zi)使(shi)行人子(zi)(zi)员问(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，对曰：‘《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)飨元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，使(shi)臣(chen)(chen)弗敢与(yu)(yu)闻。《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》，两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，使(shi)臣(chen)(chen)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢及(ji)(ji)。《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)嘉寡君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，敢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拜(bai)嘉？’”又《鲁(lu)语(yu)》曰：“金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》、《繁遏》、《渠》，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)飨元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。工(gong)(gong)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》、《大(da)(da)(da)明》、《绵》，则(ze)两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)肄业及(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢拜(bai)。今伶箫咏歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)及(ji)(ji)《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)，君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)贶，使(shi)臣(chen)(chen)敢不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)拜(bai)贶！”由(you)此二传(chuan)(chuan)论之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)食元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)，则(ze)非元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，颂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族(zu)类(lei)，颂下唯(wei)有(you)大(da)(da)(da)雅，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》已(yi)。传(chuan)(chuan)文(wen)(wen)又言“《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》，两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)”，是诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。乡饮酒(jiu)、燕礼合(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)皆降(jiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》合(he)(he)(he)乡乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，则(ze)知歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》者(zhe)(zhe)当(dang)合(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》者(zhe)(zhe)当(dang)合(he)(he)(he)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此差约(yue)而知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。传(chuan)(chuan)言金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，此云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)者(zhe)(zhe)，凡乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初作，皆击金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《春官(guan)·钟(zhong)师(shi)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)钟(zhong)鼓奏《九夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，《论语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“始(shi)作翕(xi)如(ru)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“始(shi)作，谓(wei)(wei)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏。”晋(jin)为(wei)穆叔(shu)发初歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏者(zhe)(zhe)，始(shi)作乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)必(bi)先击钟(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)奏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《左传(chuan)(chuan)》曰：“歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)钟(zhong)二肆(si)(si)。”是歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，言金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》、《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》因上(shang)有(you)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)须复云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏，故(gu)(gu)(gu)直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)。其实《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》、《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)奏，《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)工(gong)(gong)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)，互言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)在堂(tang)(tang)上(shang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《郊特牲》曰：“歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)者(zhe)(zhe)在上(shang)，贵人声(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”其合(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)则(ze)在堂(tang)(tang)下。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《仪礼》注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“合(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，谓(wei)(wei)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)与(yu)(yu)众(zhong)声(sheng)俱(ju)作。”明在堂(tang)(tang)下众(zhong)声(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)在堂(tang)(tang)下轻，故(gu)(gu)(gu)降(jiang)升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)一等(deng)。元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)，元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，长(zhang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)。杜(du)预云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，牧伯也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”牧伯与(yu)(yu)上(shang)公，则(ze)为(wei)大(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《仪礼》注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)与(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)燕，升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)颂，合(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)雅。以(yi)(yi)(yi)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，颂之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)族(zu)类(lei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)颂言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。牧伯为(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，则(ze)其馀侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)伯为(wei)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，子(zi)(zi)男为(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，非元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)总(zong)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)与(yu)(yu)两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)。《仪礼》注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)雅，合(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)与(yu)(yu)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)燕亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)与(yu)(yu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，与(yu)(yu)此诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此先陈天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。彼据传(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)(zheng)文(wen)(wen)先言两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)与(yu)(yu)此倒也(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，总(zong)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)为(wei)一等(deng)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)文(wen)(wen)同(tong)，则(ze)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)总(zong)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)为(wei)一等(deng)。则(ze)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，皆是诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，同(tong)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》，合(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)鸣(ming)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《仲尼燕居》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)飨有(you)四焉(yan)。两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)，升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《清庙(miao)》，下管《象(xiang)》。”彼两君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)法也(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，则(ze)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)，则(ze)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)于(yu)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》，避(bi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)此明之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)言诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，无(wu)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，可知也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)次国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，亦(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)当(dang)与(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)雅，而飨元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆(si)(si)夏(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)》；国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅，於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)邻(lin)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)》，是飨宾或上(shang)取也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
天子、诸侯燕群臣及聘问之宾，皆歌《鹿鸣》合乡乐。
○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。经(jing)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“若与(yu)(yu)四方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)若以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)辨异(yi)，则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，而(er)兼四方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，而(er)合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)；天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。推(tui)此(ci)(ci)(ci)，则(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，亦(yi)(yi)在下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)矣(yi)(yi)。若然，前云(yun)(yun)“飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)或(huo)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)”，上(shang)(shang)既(ji)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆夏》，於(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)则(ze)(ze)下(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)邻国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)谓飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)矣(yi)(yi)。飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)当(dang)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，而(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆夏》，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。据多言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)属上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)实(shi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兼下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)》，於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)》；诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)邻国(guo)(guo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)己乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，非上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“或(huo)”，见(jian)(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)不尽上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，非下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)亦(yi)(yi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“或(huo)”。案《仪(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)“颂(song)(song)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)”，则(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)自(zi)当(dang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)颂(song)(song)矣(yi)(yi)，而(er)谓飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，诗(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)尽用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，但郑(zheng)(zheng)从风(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)差(cha)(cha)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)耳，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不得不以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《肆夏》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)直以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)差(cha)(cha)等为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)说(shuo)耳，不可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)已(yi)所(suo)得用(yong)(yong)(yong)则(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。何者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)？元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)颂(song)(song)，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)，与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)；诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，又(you)(you)与(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)及(ji)(ji)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)同(tong)(tong)，则(ze)(ze)风(feng)(feng)、雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)矣(yi)(yi)，岂得皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)乎(hu)？明郑(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)等差(cha)(cha)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可知(zhi)矣(yi)(yi)。既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)等差(cha)(cha)定(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)定(ding)用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)定(ding)用(yong)(yong)(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，非此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)。《仪(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)尽论《诗(shi)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，既(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)风(feng)(feng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，而(er)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后仍有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)颂(song)(song)在，故(gu)(gu)(gu)因言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。欲明雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)尽为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)章(zhang)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)与(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。必知(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)亦(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)《谱》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)先定(ding)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)、天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，即云(yun)(yun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，明上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)亦(yi)(yi)宜同(tong)(tong)矣(yi)(yi)。《燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)轻(qing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)逮下(xia)(xia)(xia)。”诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)，明天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)合(he)(he)(he)(he)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)亦(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)邻国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，则(ze)(ze)知(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《肆夏》亦(yi)(yi)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)，自(zi)由(you)尊用(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)(cha)。而(er)云(yun)(yun)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)或(huo)下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)，似(si)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)穆叔(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“《肆夏》，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)元(yuan)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。”《礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)记》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)四”，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)两君(jun)(jun)(jun)相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。《仪(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)、宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)客(ke)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，因此(ci)(ci)(ci)成文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，於(wu)(wu)(wu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见(jian)(jian)尊卑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)异(yi)。臣(chen)(chen)(chen)与(yu)(yu)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)别其(qi)(qi)(qi)等，使(shi)(shi)(shi)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)实(shi)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)与(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)。何者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)？《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·掌(zhang)客(ke)职》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“上(shang)(shang)公(gong)三(san)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)三(san)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)俱(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，而(er)序(xu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)嘉(jia)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)饮食(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，笺云(yun)(yun)“饮之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)酬，即飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)所(suo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“晋(jin)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)使(shi)(shi)(shi)士(shi)会平王(wang)(wang)(wang)室，定(ding)王(wang)(wang)(wang)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“晋(jin)士(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)伯(bo)如(ru)周(zhou)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)与(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)伯(bo)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)俱(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《秋官(guan)·司仪(yi)职》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“凡诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)相(xiang)(xiang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，致飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)。”《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“公(gong)与(yu)(yu)晋(jin)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)河上(shang)(shang)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)，飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)俱(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“穆叔(shu)(shu)如(ru)晋(jin)，晋(jin)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”《聘(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“公(gong)於(wu)(wu)(wu)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)再飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)一燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)俱(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左(zuo)(zuo)传(chuan)(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“季文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)如(ru)宋致女，复命，公(gong)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”《燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》“燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)自(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)群臣(chen)(chen)(chen)，飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)俱(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)与(yu)(yu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)并有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，而(er)郑(zheng)(zheng)异(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，见(jian)(jian)尊卑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)殊(shu)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)例耳。此(ci)(ci)(ci)因尊卑异(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，则(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，由(you)尊卑为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)，不由(you)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异(yi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)互见(jian)(jian)耳，则(ze)(ze)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)邻国(guo)(guo)聘(pin)(pin)问(wen)(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，晋(jin)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)穆叔(shu)(shu)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)，三(san)拜，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)(tong)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《仪(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)引穆叔(shu)(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞乃云(yun)(yun)：“然则(ze)(ze)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)与(yu)(yu)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)与(yu)(yu)次国(guo)(guo)、小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)亦(yi)(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。与(yu)(yu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)颂(song)(song)，合(he)(he)(he)(he)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。”所(suo)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，与(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)(tong)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)(guo)君(jun)(jun)(jun)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)同(tong)(tong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然，用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)自(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊卑为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)差(cha)(cha)等，不由(you)事有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)轻(qing)重而(er)升(sheng)(sheng)降。《乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)》、《燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》并注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)盛者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)进取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)轻(qing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)逮下(xia)(xia)(xia)。”似(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)轻(qing)重，故(gu)(gu)(gu)上(shang)(shang)取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)就(jiu)(jiu)。与(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)不同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，工歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《鹿(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)鸣(ming)》，合(he)(he)(he)(he)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)解其(qi)(qi)(qi)尊卑不同(tong)(tong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)得同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，因言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)由(you)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)盛可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)进取(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)轻(qing)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)逮下(xia)(xia)(xia)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)得同(tong)(tong)。彼言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)解燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)与(yu)(yu)乡(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)饮酒(jiu)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)异(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，其(qi)(qi)(qi)实(shi)不由(you)飨(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)轻(qing)重也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)用(yong)(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差(cha)(cha)，谓升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)、合(he)(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)例。其(qi)(qi)(qi)舞，则(ze)(ze)《燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)“若舞则(ze)(ze)《酌》”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)臣(chen)(chen)(chen)得用(yong)(yong)(yong)颂(song)(song)，与(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)《郊特牲(sheng)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奏《肆夏》，自(zi)赵文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)始(shi)(shi)。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“僣诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。”明诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)得奏《肆夏》。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《郊特牲(sheng)》又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)入门(men)而(er)奏《肆夏》，示(shi)易以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)敬。”注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)，朝聘(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”又(you)(you)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)射(she)》、《燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》纳(na)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)“及(ji)(ji)庭，奏《肆夏》”，及(ji)(ji)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)杜子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)春(chun)云(yun)(yun)“宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)来(lai)奏《纳(na)夏》”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)谓宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)始(shi)(shi)入及(ji)(ji)庭，未行礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，与(yu)(yu)升(sheng)(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)、合(he)(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)别也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
此其著略，大校见在书籍。礼乐崩坏，不可得详。
○正义曰：飨(xiang)、燕(yan)用(yong)(yong)乐(le)，皆推(tui)《礼(li)》、传而知(zhi)。事不详(xiang)悉(xi)，是(shi)其著明质(zhi)略，其大校见在(zai)於书籍也。其馀笙(sheng)(sheng)、间、管、舞之(zhi)(zhi)诗，无以(yi)言(yan)焉，由礼(li)乐(le)崩坏，不可得详(xiang)审也。故(gu)《仪礼(li)》注“天子约诸(zhu)侯於国(guo)君(jun)燕(yan)用(yong)(yong)乐(le)”之(zhi)(zhi)下云“其笙(sheng)(sheng)、间之(zhi)(zhi)篇未(wei)详(xiang)闻”，是(shi)也。案《乡饮(yin)酒》及《燕(yan)礼(li)》升(sheng)歌小雅，其笙(sheng)(sheng)、间之(zhi)(zhi)篇亦小雅，则此笙(sheng)(sheng)、间之(zhi)(zhi)篇宜与所用(yong)(yong)升(sheng)歌同(tong)。而云未(wei)详(xiang)闻者(zhe)，以(yi)其虽知(zhi)同(tong)在(zai)小雅、大雅，仍不知(zhi)是(shi)何(he)篇，故(gu)曰“笙(sheng)(sheng)、间之(zhi)(zhi)篇未(wei)得详(xiang)闻”也。
大雅《民劳》、小雅《六月》之后，皆谓之变雅，美恶各以其时，亦显善惩过，正之次也。
○正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)劳(lao)(lao)》、《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)道衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)乃(nai)作(zuo)，非(fei)(fei)制礼(li)(li)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)用(yong)(yong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)变(bian)(bian)(bian)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)兼有(you)(you)(you)(you)美(mei)(mei)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)当(dang)(dang)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，善(shan)(shan)(shan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)美(mei)(mei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“美(mei)(mei)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)(zheng)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)录善(shan)(shan)(shan)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)垂法后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)代。变(bian)(bian)(bian)既(ji)(ji)美(mei)(mei)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纯，亦(yi)兼采(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)显之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，令(ling)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)强不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)息；为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使(shi)惩恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，亦(yi)足以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劝戒，是(shi)(shi)正(zheng)(zheng)经之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)录之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)劳(lao)(lao)》，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)尽(jin)(jin)《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)尽(jin)(jin)《何草不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)黄》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)变(bian)(bian)(bian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)厉(li)(li)(li)、宣(xuan)、幽(you)(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)当(dang)(dang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，号(hao)谥自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)显；唯(wei)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)谥号(hao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)别论(lun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。如是(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)劳(lao)(lao)》至(zhi)《桑(sang)柔(rou)》五篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，序(xu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。通小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)》、《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》、《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》、《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宛(wan)》四(si)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)汉(han)》至(zhi)《常(chang)武(wu)(wu)》六(liu)(liu)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》尽(jin)(jin)《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羊》十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，序(xu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《瞻(zhan)卬(ang)》、《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》二(er)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，序(xu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)；小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《节(jie)南山》下(xia)(xia)(xia)尽(jin)(jin)《何草不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)黄》，去(qu)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)》等(deng)(deng)四(si)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，馀四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，唯(wei)《何人(ren)(ren)斯(si)》、《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)东(dong)》、《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)将大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)车(che)》、《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)》、《都(dou)人(ren)(ren)士(shi)》、《绵蛮》六(liu)(liu)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《本纪(ji)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)位三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，好利，近荣夷(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)芮良(liang)夫(fu)谏(jian)(jian)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听，卒(zu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)荣公(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卿(qing)士(shi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)焉。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)行(xing)暴虐，国(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)谤王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)谏(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)堪命(ming)(ming)。’王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)怒，得(de)卫巫，使(shi)监谤者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)杀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)益(yi)严虐，国(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，道路以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)目。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)告召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘吾能(neng)(neng)弭(mi)谤矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。’召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)又(you)(you)谏(jian)(jian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)听。於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)国(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)出(chu)(chu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，乃(nai)相与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)叛，袭厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)出(chu)(chu)奔(ben)(ben)于彘(zhi)(zhi)。周(zhou)(zhou)、召(zhao)(zhao)二(er)相行(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)，号(hao)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)‘共(gong)和(he)’。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)彘(zhi)(zhi)。”如迁(qian)(qian)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)积恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)有(you)(you)(you)(you)渐(jian)(jian)，三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)甚，三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)益(yi)虐，又(you)(you)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)奔(ben)(ben)，三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乃(nai)流彘(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《板》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“善(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren)(ren)载尸。”笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)虐而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)弭(mi)谤。”《荡(dang)》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)弭(mi)谤，穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢(gan)斥言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)流彘(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《桑(sang)柔(rou)》，芮良(liang)夫(fu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)作(zuo)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“贪(tan)(tan)人(ren)(ren)败类(lei)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)谏(jian)(jian)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“荣夷(yi)(yi)(yi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)专(zhuan)利”事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“周(zhou)(zhou)宗(zong)既(ji)(ji)灭(mie)，靡所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)止(zhi)戾”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)流彘(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)验者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《楚(chu)语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“卫武(wu)(wu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)五矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，作(zuo)《懿》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)儆。”韦昭云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《懿》，今(jin)(jin)《抑(yi)》诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)作(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)平王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。然(ran)(ran)检(jian)(jian)《抑(yi)》诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，经皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)指刺(ci)(ci)(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)荒耽，仍(reng)未失(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)，又(you)(you)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)“哲人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)愚，亦(yi)维斯(si)戾”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)流彘(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，弭(mi)谤时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。韦昭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，未必可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)信也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)劳(lao)(lao)》，召(zhao)(zhao)穆公(gong)(gong)(gong)谏(jian)(jian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，令(ling)息京师之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)；《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)》，言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)党专(zhuan)权，有(you)(you)(you)(you)权可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)专(zhuan)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)役，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)流彘(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》，戒王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)沦胥以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)败；《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宛(wan)》，诲(hui)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)忝尔所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)教王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)善(shan)(shan)(shan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)导民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)流彘(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》一(yi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)详矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)类(lei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)同(tong)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)，盖(gai)(gai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)牧民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，今(jin)(jin)反(fan)劳(lao)(lao)苦，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)《民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)劳(lao)(lao)》。民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)劳(lao)(lao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，由(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政(zheng)(zheng)反(fan)常(chang)，纲(gang)纪(ji)废(fei)(fei)(fei)缺(que)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《板》、《荡(dang)》，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)甚焉。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《抑(yi)》刺(ci)(ci)(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荒耽，《桑(sang)柔(rou)》责贪(tan)(tan)人(ren)(ren)败善(shan)(shan)(shan)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)又(you)(you)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)焉。小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)》，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)谴自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)上天(tian)(tian)(tian)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)人(ren)(ren)专(zhuan)恣，恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)莫甚焉，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)(xian)(xian)。由(you)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚，致(zhi)覆灭(mie)宗(zong)周(zhou)(zhou)，无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)安(an)定(ding)(ding)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》刺(ci)(ci)(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)谋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)臧，《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宛(wan)》伤天(tian)(tian)(tian)命(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)将去(qu)，论(lun)怨(yuan)(yuan)嗟小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)焉。《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)列(lie)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交(jiao)》、《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)解篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。前(qian)(qian)(qian)检(jian)(jian)《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宛(wan)》，谓事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《雨无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)正(zheng)(zheng)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)，今(jin)(jin)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)处(chu)流彘(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)体，虽事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)先(xian)(xian)(xian)，或作(zuo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)。论(lun)功颂德(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)列(lie)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，追述(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)美(mei)(mei)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)过讥失(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，亦(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世尚刺(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)。《本纪(ji)》又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)位，二(er)相辅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，修政(zheng)(zheng)，法文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)、成(cheng)、康(kang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)遗风(feng)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)复(fu)(fu)归(gui)宗(zong)周(zhou)(zhou)。三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，战于千亩，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)师败绩(ji)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羌(qiang)(qiang)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戎。四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)六(liu)(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩。”如迁(qian)(qian)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)他过恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)，唯(wei)败於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)千亩为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)始(shi)(shi)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)耳。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有(you)(you)(you)(you)箴(zhen)规诲(hui)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)渐(jian)(jian)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)渐(jian)(jian)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。皇甫谧(mi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)伐(fa)鲁，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)从此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)睦。”盖(gai)(gai)周(zhou)(zhou)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)渐(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)局宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)(mei)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)是(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)前(qian)(qian)(qian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，箴(zhen)规之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)当(dang)(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)德(de)(de)渐(jian)(jian)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，亦(yi)容美(mei)(mei)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)并作(zuo)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)限断也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)六(liu)(liu)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》至(zhi)《鸿雁》及《斯(si)干(gan)》、《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羊》七篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)德(de)(de)盛时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)多(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)初(chu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)承衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)弊(bi)，百(bai)(bai)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)草创，任贤(xian)使(shi)能(neng)(neng)，征(zheng)伐(fa)安(an)集，初(chu)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)当(dang)(dang)然(ran)(ran)，亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)定(ding)(ding)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)《庭燎》尽(jin)(jin)《我行(xing)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)野(ye)》，是(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)德(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)乃(nai)作(zuo)，多(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)睦，各(ge)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)朝(chao)(chao)宗(zong)，《沔(mian)水(shui)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)，或亦(yi)作(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)三(san)(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)政(zheng)(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，刺(ci)(ci)(ci)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)宜多(duo)(duo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《祈(qi)(qi)父(fu)》传(chuan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，司(si)马职废(fei)(fei)(fei)，羌(qiang)(qiang)戎为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)败。”推此(ci)(ci)(ci)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀亦(yi)多(duo)(duo)败后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)承乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)，遇灾(zai)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)惧，忧民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)本，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)汉(han)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既(ji)(ji)忧百(bai)(bai)姓，天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)复(fu)(fu)平，五岳生(sheng)(sheng)佐，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《嵩高》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。神生(sheng)(sheng)贤(xian)哲，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能(neng)(neng)任用(yong)(yong)，又(you)(you)锡命(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《烝(zheng)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)》、《韩(han)弈》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)锡命(ming)(ming)，贤(xian)哲任用(yong)(yong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)力可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)征(zheng)讨不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)服，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立武(wu)(wu)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《江汉(han)》、《常(chang)武(wu)(wu)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)先(xian)(xian)(xian)忧百(bai)(bai)姓，次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)用(yong)(yong)臣以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)征(zheng)伐(fa)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)反(fan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)蛮荆玁狁南北交(jiao)侵，急(ji)须(xu)出(chu)(chu)兵，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)匡中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》、《采(cai)芑》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。虽俱征(zheng)伐(fa)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《六(liu)(liu)月(yue)(yue)》见侵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)急(ji)又(you)(you)先(xian)(xian)(xian)。《采(cai)芑》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)狄(di)既(ji)(ji)平，当(dang)(dang)修车(che)甲(jia)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)会诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，因蒐狩，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)。《车(che)攻》、《吉(ji)日(ri)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田猎(lie)征(zheng)伐(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)使(shi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)焉。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)田猎(lie)选车(che)徒(tu)会诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，又(you)(you)盛於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)从禽接下(xia)(xia)(xia)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)又(you)(you)使(shi)《车(che)攻》先(xian)(xian)(xian)《吉(ji)日(ri)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《车(che)攻序(xu)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能(neng)(neng)内(nei)修政(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，外(wai)攘夷(yi)(yi)(yi)狄(di)，复(fu)(fu)文(wen)(wen)武(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)境土，修车(che)马，备器械，复(fu)(fu)会诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)都(dou)。”言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)非(fei)(fei)徒(tu)外(wai)攘夷(yi)(yi)(yi)狄(di)，又(you)(you)复(fu)(fu)会诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)都(dou)，是(shi)(shi)序(xu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)征(zheng)伐(fa)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，外(wai)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)兵寇，可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)安(an)集万民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《鸿雁》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)(ran)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)承衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)先(xian)(xian)(xian)逃(tao)散，岂(qi)得(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)早安(an)集，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)待田猎(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)暇也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)？明(ming)(ming)(ming)初(chu)即(ji)安(an)集之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，得(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)力用(yong)(yong)，乃(nai)平四(si)方耳。诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing)贤(xian)君，末而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)德(de)(de)衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)，衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)渐(jian)(jian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《庭燎》，美(mei)(mei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)能(neng)(neng)勤，因以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)箴(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。箴(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)改则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)规正(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，规而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)变(bian)(bian)(bian)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)教诲(hui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，诲(hui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)从则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)责之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《沔(mian)水(shui)》、《鹤鸣》、《祈(qi)(qi)父(fu)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)渐(jian)(jian)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)责正(zheng)(zheng)稍深(shen)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)《沔(mian)水(shui)》、《鹤鸣》其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《祈(qi)(qi)父(fu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，但次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)渐(jian)(jian)耳。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既(ji)(ji)废(fei)(fei)(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)官，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)贤(xian)人(ren)(ren)逃(tao)去(qu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《白驹(ju)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。贤(xian)人(ren)(ren)既(ji)(ji)去(qu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)知(zhi)礼(li)(li)教不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)行(xing)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)室家(jia)相弃，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《黄鸟》、《我行(xing)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)野(ye)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，中(zhong)(zhong)兴(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)善(shan)(shan)(shan)，录者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)虽兼恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)戒劝，亦(yi)贵成(cheng)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美(mei)(mei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《斯(si)干(gan)》考室，《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羊》考牧。若言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)，见仁者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)过亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)甚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《斯(si)干(gan)》说(shuo)造(zao)立宫室寝庙，生(sheng)(sheng)男女，明(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)始(shi)(shi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。《无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)羊》类(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，当(dang)(dang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)同(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)。今(jin)(jin)反(fan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)箴(zhen)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，见宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)明(ming)(ming)(ming)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。《本纪(ji)》又(you)(you)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，嬖褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)。生(sheng)(sheng)子(zi)伯(bo)服。竟废(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及子(zi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，伯(bo)服为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)子(zi)。国(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)怨(yuan)(yuan)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)申(shen)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)缯、西夷(yi)(yi)(yi)犬戎共(gong)攻幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。杀王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)丽(li)山之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)。”迁(qian)(qian)止(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)竟废(fei)(fei)(fei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，去(qu)太(tai)子(zi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)废(fei)(fei)(fei)去(qu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue)。皇甫谧(mi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，褒(bao)(bao)人(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)赎时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，即(ji)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)虢石(shi)父(fu)比(bi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)谮申(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、太(tai)子(zi)，尹氏及祭公(gong)(gong)(gong)导王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)非(fei)(fei)。八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，竟以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)石(shi)父(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谮废(fei)(fei)(fei)申(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，逐太(tai)子(zi)。九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)废(fei)(fei)(fei)高明(ming)(ming)(ming)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)近谗慝，使(shi)虢公(gong)(gong)(gong)专(zhuan)任於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)外(wai)，褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)固宠於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)内(nei)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)室始(shi)(shi)骚(sao)。”谧(mi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)迁(qian)(qian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相终(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)始(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三(san)(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)渐(jian)(jian)，八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)、九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)极(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《郑(zheng)(zheng)语(yu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“九(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)室始(shi)(shi)骚(sao)。十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)被杀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《瞻(zhan)卬(ang)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)“哲妇倾城”，褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)政(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“蹙(cu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)(bai)里”，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)道衰(shuai)(shuai)(shuai)弱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)极(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。序(xu)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)坏”，当(dang)(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)(yue)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“赫赫宗(zong)周(zhou)(zhou)，褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)灭(mie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”；《车(che)舝序(xu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)嫉(ji)妒”；《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)弁》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)太(tai)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)放逐；《白华》言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)申(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)废(fei)(fei)(fei)黜(chu)；《鱼藻》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)惑於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)，万物(wu)(wu)失(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)性”，此(ci)(ci)(ci)五篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)经、注皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)惑褒(bao)(bao)姒(si)(si)(si)(si)、黜(chu)申(shen)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)多(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)文(wen)(wen)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)局是(shi)(shi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，八(ba)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，盖(gai)(gai)多(duo)(duo)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，先(xian)(xian)(xian)《瞻(zhan)卬(ang)》，后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，武(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)数(shu)纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪(zui)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“牝(pin)鸡(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)晨，惟(wei)家(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)索。”而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《瞻(zhan)卬(ang)》疾(ji)“妇有(you)(you)(you)(you)长舌，维厉(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阶”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)处(chu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)妇言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)，政(zheng)(zheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)荒乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)，致(zhi)朝(chao)(chao)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)贤(xian)臣，土境日(ri)蹙(cu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)闵天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)如召(zhao)(zhao)公(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《节(jie)南山》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)，至(zhi)《何草不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)黄》，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，盖(gai)(gai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)类(lei)相聚，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《楚(chu)茨(ci)》、《信南山》、《甫田》、《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)田》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)陈古(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)今(jin)(jin)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)义(yi)，既(ji)(ji)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)文(wen)(wen)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)臆说(shuo)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)变(bian)(bian)(bian)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，善(shan)(shan)(shan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纯为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)纯为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)体之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)善(shan)(shan)(shan)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)多(duo)(duo)少也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《关雎序(xu)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，正(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。政(zheng)(zheng)有(you)(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)焉，有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)焉。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)随政(zheng)(zheng)善(shan)(shan)(shan)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)美(mei)(mei)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形容以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)正(zheng)(zheng)物(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)正(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形容有(you)(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)二(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)上以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盛隆为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，政(zheng)(zheng)治为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形容各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)区域，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)善(shan)(shan)(shan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)略既(ji)(ji)殊，恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)，非(fei)(fei)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)别矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。详观(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)叹美(mei)(mei)，审(shen)察其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)讥刺(ci)(ci)(ci)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)宏远而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)疏朗，弘(hong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)体以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)责；小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)躁急(ji)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)局促，多(duo)(duo)忧伤而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)怨(yuan)(yuan)诽。司(si)马迁(qian)(qian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)良(liang)史之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)才，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)坐非(fei)(fei)罪(zui)，及其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)刊述(shu)坟典，辞多(duo)(duo)慷(kang)慨(kai)。班固曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“迹其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)伤悼，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)《巷伯(bo)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伦也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。夫(fu)唯(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)既(ji)(ji)明(ming)(ming)(ming)且哲，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)保其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)身，难(nan)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)哉！”又(you)(you)《淮(huai)南子(zi)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：“国(guo)(guo)(guo)风(feng)好色(se)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)淫(yin)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)怨(yuan)(yuan)诽而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)。”是(shi)(shi)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道又(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异区也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)四(si)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)惟(wei)二(er)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)体者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)少也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)有(you)(you)(you)(you)五，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)惟(wei)四(si)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)体者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)少。是(shi)(shi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相由(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。推此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)论(lun)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)二(er)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)拟诸(zhu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)形容，象其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)物(wu)(wu)宜，作(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)，自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)定(ding)(ding)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体，作(zuo)既(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)体，唯(wei)达者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)识(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)容得(de)有(you)(you)(you)(you)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。诸(zhu)儒(ru)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，准此(ci)(ci)(ci)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。但文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)、成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，正(zheng)(zheng)经也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；厉(li)(li)(li)、宣(xuan)、幽(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，变(bian)(bian)(bian)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)体，时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俱有(you)(you)(you)(you)作(zuo)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)采(cai)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)并存，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)二(er)体本自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)异区，非(fei)(fei)徒(tu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)分也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或说(shuo)变(bian)(bian)(bian)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，美(mei)(mei)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)政(zheng)(zheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)入(ru)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，政(zheng)(zheng)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)入(ru)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)；刺(ci)(ci)(ci)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)入(ru)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)，恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)入(ru)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)雅(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)。考之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)经文(wen)(wen)，殊无(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)验。何则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)？《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)旻(min)(min)》、《小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)宛(wan)》，正(zheng)(zheng)责厉(li)(li)(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，谋犹回遹，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)善(shan)(shan)(shan)道，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)固小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《板》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)卒(zu)瘅，善(shan)(shan)(shan)人(ren)(ren)载尸”；《荡(dang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“敛怨(yuan)(yuan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)”，纲(gang)纪(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)坏也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)；《瞻(zhan)卬(ang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)乱(luan)(luan)(luan)(luan)生(sheng)(sheng)妇人(ren)(ren)，“罪(zui)罟不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)收(shou)”；《召(zhao)(zhao)旻(min)(min)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“实靖夷(yi)(yi)(yi)我邦(bang)，日(ri)蹙(cu)国(guo)(guo)(guo)百(bai)(bai)里”，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)固当(dang)(dang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鼓锺作(zuo)乐，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)德(de)(de)比(bi)。《采(cai)绿》，妇人(ren)(ren)思夫(fu)，“怨(yuan)(yuan)旷”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)(you)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)安(an)集天(tian)(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)(min)，征(zheng)御四(si)夷(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)寇，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)功岂(qi)徒(tu)比(bi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)封一(yi)元舅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)申(shen)伯(bo)，赐一(yi)朝(chao)(chao)觐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)韩(han)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)哉！此(ci)(ci)(ci)类(lei)多(duo)(duo)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)，略举(ju)一(yi)二(er)，足明(ming)(ming)(ming)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)善(shan)(shan)(shan)恶(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)矣(yi)(yi)(yi)。
问者曰：“《常棣》闵管、蔡之失道，何故列於文王之诗？”曰：“闵之闵之者，闵其失兄弟相承顺之道，至於被诛。若在成王、周公之诗，则是彰其罪，非闵之，故为隐。推而上之，因文王有亲兄弟之义。”
○正(zheng)义(yi)曰：此(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)自问而(er)(er)释之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)虽内伤管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)睦，而(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)亲(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，外若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)自然(ran)须亲(qin)(qin)，不(bu)(bu)欲(yu)显管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有罪。缘周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)此(ci)志(zhi)，有隐忍之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)在(zai)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)诗中(zhong)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)学者之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知由管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)而(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)，是彰明其(qi)(qi)(qi)罪，非为(wei)闵(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由此(ci)故(gu)为(wei)隐，推进(jin)而(er)(er)上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，因(yin)以(yi)(yi)见文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有亲(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)云文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能亲(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)弟(di)，与(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燕(yan)(yan)饮，而(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)此(ci)诗，似本不(bu)(bu)由於(wu)管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)然(ran)也(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)圣(sheng)人(ren)，大义(yi)灭(mie)亲(qin)(qin)，言为(wei)隐者，亦(yi)因(yin)此(ci)以(yi)(yi)示圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)。何(he)者？以(yi)(yi)管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)罪，不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)诛，逼(bi)於(wu)大义(yi)而(er)(er)诛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。以(yi)(yi)同气之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亲(qin)(qin)，实怀闵(min)伤，由此(ci)而(er)(er)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隐也(ye)。而(er)(er)序(xu)云“闵(min)管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失(shi)道(dao)”者，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情，欲(yu)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)隐，故(gu)编(bian)次者进(jin)而(er)(er)上(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是以(yi)(yi)隐其(qi)(qi)(qi)事。序(xu)者叙其(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所由，不(bu)(bu)得(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)言也(ye)。武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，又无论燕(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)《常棣(di)》间之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)非类。而(er)(er)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，上(shang)(shang)有《鹿鸣》燕(yan)(yan)群臣，下(xia)有《伐木》燕(yan)(yan)朋友，故(gu)旧厕於(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)间，与(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)类，因(yin)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)燕(yan)(yan)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗。言文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有亲(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，以(yi)(yi)为(wei)乐歌，非谓文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)独能亲(qin)(qin)兄(xiong)弟(di)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)馀圣(sheng)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)能也(ye)。如此(ci)《谱》说，则(ze)(ze)(ze)郑(zheng)(zheng)定(ding)以(yi)(yi)《常棣(di)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)，在(zai)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既崩，为(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)、成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时作(zuo)(zuo)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)肃亦(yi)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)然(ran)。故(gu)《鱼丽序(xu)》下(xia)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)传曰《常棣(di)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)，在(zai)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既崩，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)诛管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，而(er)(er)在(zai)文(wen)(wen)、武治内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇，何(he)也(ye)？夫“刑于寡妻，至于兄(xiong)弟(di)，以(yi)(yi)御于家邦”，此(ci)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)也(ye)。闵(min)管、蔡(cai)(cai)(cai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)失(shi)道(dao)，陈兄(xiong)弟(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)恩义(yi)，故(gu)内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)文(wen)(wen)、武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正(zheng)雅，以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)燕(yan)(yan)群臣、燕(yan)(yan)兄(xiong)弟(di)、燕(yan)(yan)朋友之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐歌焉，是与(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)同也(ye)。《郑(zheng)(zheng)志(zhi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说则(ze)(ze)(ze)异於(wu)此(ci)者，答赵(zhao)商(shang)云：“於(wu)文(wen)(wen)、武时，兄(xiong)弟(di)失(shi)道(dao)，有不(bu)(bu)和协(xie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)，故(gu)作(zuo)(zuo)诗以(yi)(yi)感切之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，二叔流言作(zuo)(zuo)乱，罪乃当诛，悔将何(he)及，未可定(ding)此(ci)篇为(wei)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时作(zuo)(zuo)。”赵(zhao)商(shang)据(ju)《鱼丽》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序(xu)而(er)(er)发(fa)问，则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)时郑(zheng)(zheng)未为(wei)《谱》，故(gu)说不(bu)(bu)定(ding)也(ye)。言未可定(ding)此(ci)篇为(wei)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时，则(ze)(ze)(ze)意(yi)欲(yu)从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)未决。后为(wei)此(ci)《谱》，则(ze)(ze)(ze)决定(ding)其(qi)(qi)(qi)说为(wei)成(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时也(ye)。
又问曰：“小雅之臣何以独无刺厉王？”曰：“有焉。《十月之交》、《雨无正》、《小旻》、《小宛》之诗是也。汉兴之初，师移其第耳。
○正义曰：诗皆臣下所作，故云小雅之臣也。知汉兴始移者，若孔子所移，当显而示义，不应改厉为幽。此既厉王之诗，录而序焉，而处不依次，明为序之后乃移之，故云“汉兴之初”也。《十月之交》笺云：“《诂训传》时移其篇第，因改之耳。”则所云师者，即毛公也。自孔子以至汉兴，传《诗》者众矣。独言毛公移之者，以其毛公之前，未有篇句诂训，无缘辄得移改也。毛既作《诂训》，刊定先后，事必由之，故独云毛公也。师所以然者，《六月》之诗自说多陈小雅正经废缺之事，而下句言“小雅尽废，则四夷交侵，中国微矣”，则谓《六月》者，“宣王北伐”之诗，当承《菁菁者莪》后，故下此四篇，使次《正月》之诗也。乱甚焉。既移文，改其目，义顺上下，刺幽王亦过矣。”
○正(zheng)义曰(yue)：言(yan)乱(luan)甚(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓《正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)》幽王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，祸(huo)乱(luan)甚(shen)极，其(qi)四(si)(si)(si)篇(pian)(pian)诗亦(yi)厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)乱(luan)恶，故(gu)(gu)次《正(zheng)月(yue)(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下，以(yi)(yi)(yi)恶相从也。言(yan)刺(ci)幽王(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)过(guo)矣者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓寄(ji)四(si)(si)(si)篇(pian)(pian)於(wu)幽王(wang)(wang)(wang)诗中(zhong)，又改厉(li)为幽，有言(yan)幽王(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)有厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)过(guo)恶故(gu)(gu)也。《六(liu)月(yue)(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序所以(yi)(yi)(yi)多陈正(zheng)经(jing)废(fei)(fei)缺(que)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)圣贤(xian)垂法，因(yin)事(shi)寄(ji)意(yi)，厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)暴虐，倾(qing)覆宗(zong)周，废(fei)(fei)先王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)典刑，致(zhi)四(si)(si)(si)夷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)侵削(xue)。今宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)起衰乱(luan)，讨四(si)(si)(si)夷，序者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)意(yi)其(qi)然，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)详其(qi)事(shi)。若云厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)废(fei)(fei)小(xiao)雅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，以(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)交侵；宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)修小(xiao)雅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，以(yi)(yi)(yi)兴中(zhong)国(guo)，见用舍存(cun)於(wu)政(zheng)，兴废(fei)(fei)存(cun)於(wu)人(ren)也。若然，序者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)示法，其(qi)意(yi)深矣。毛公必移之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)征伐四(si)(si)(si)夷，兴复小(xiao)雅，而不继小(xiao)雅正(zheng)经(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，颇为不次，故(gu)(gu)移之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，见小(xiao)雅废(fei)(fei)而更(geng)兴，中(zhong)国(guo)衰而复盛(sheng)，亦(yi)大(da)儒所以(yi)(yi)(yi)示法也。据(ju)此《六(liu)月(yue)(yue)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序，若其(qi)上本无(wu)厉(li)王(wang)(wang)(wang)四(si)(si)(si)篇(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，则《六(liu)月(yue)(yue)》自承(cheng)正(zheng)经(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美，无(wu)为陈其(qi)废(fei)(fei)缺(que)矣。明於(wu)其(qi)中(zhong)蹑衰乱(luan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)故(gu)(gu)也，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)郑於(wu)《十月(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交》笺检(jian)而属(shu)焉。
《鹿鸣之什》。
○正义(yi)(yi)曰：《周礼·小(xiao)司徒(tu)职》云(yun)(yun)：“五(wu)(wu)人(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)伍(wu)(wu)。”五(wu)(wu)人(ren)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伍(wu)(wu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)也，故(gu)(gu)《左传(chuan)》曰：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)什(shen)(shen)共车必克。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)什(shen)(shen)五(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，部别(bie)聚居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。风及商(shang)、鲁颂(song)(song)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)当(dang)国为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)，诗少(shao)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)同卷(juan)。而(er)雅、颂(song)(song)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)数(shu)(shu)既多(duo)，不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)混(hun)并，故(gu)(gu)分其(qi)积篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，每十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)，即(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)卷(juan)首(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)(shen)长(zhang)，卷(juan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)皆(jie)统焉(yan)。言《鹿(lu)鸣》至(zhi)《鱼丽》凡十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，其(qi)总名之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)《鹿(lu)鸣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)》者(zhe)(zhe)，宛辞(ci)言《四牡(mu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)等，皆(jie)《鹿(lu)鸣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也，故(gu)(gu)《乐师》注云(yun)(yun)：“彻者(zhe)(zhe)歌《雍》，《雍》在(zai)(zai)《周颂(song)(song)·臣工之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)》。”言《雍篇(pian)(pian)(pian)》在(zai)(zai)《臣工之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)》中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。是(shi)卷(juan)首(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)(shen)长(zhang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)统馀(yu)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)也。《南陔》下笺云(yun)(yun)：“毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)推(tui)改(gai)什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)，遂通耳。此(ci)下非(fei)(fei)(fei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)。”则(ze)(ze)(ze)什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)定也。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)论《诗》，雅、颂(song)(song)各(ge)得其(qi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)，明於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)时(shi)(shi)有所(suo)(suo)(suo)刊(kan)定，篇(pian)(pian)(pian)卷(juan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)目(mu)，是(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)知，故(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下非(fei)(fei)(fei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上是(shi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)矣(yi)。知以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)非(fei)(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《南陔》等六篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，子(zi)(zi)夏为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)序，当(dang)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)未亡，宜次在(zai)(zai)什(shen)(shen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。今(jin)亡诗之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下，乃(nai)云(yun)(yun)“有其(qi)义(yi)(yi)而(er)亡其(qi)辞(ci)，置之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)外，不(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)数(shu)(shu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，明非(fei)(fei)(fei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)矣(yi)。本《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交》等四篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，在(zai)(zai)《六月》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上，则(ze)(ze)(ze)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)《南陔》，复(fu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第二，《彤弓(gong)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第三，《鸿(hong)雁(yan)》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第四，《节南山》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第五(wu)(wu)，《北山》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第六，《桑扈》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第七，《都人(ren)士》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)第八，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下适十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，通及大(da)(da)雅与颂(song)(song)，皆(jie)其(qi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)也。《荡》及《闵予(yu)小(xiao)子(zi)(zi)》皆(jie)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)本取(qu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)，一(yi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)不(bu)(bu)足为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)首(shou)(shou)，故(gu)(gu)附(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)下卷(juan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，亦(yi)归馀(yu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)终之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)(yi)。毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)推(tui)改(gai)什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)，《鱼藻》十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)四篇(pian)(pian)(pian)亦(yi)同为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)，取(qu)法(fa)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)大(da)(da)雅与颂(song)(song)也。若然(ran)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)《鸿(hong)雁(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)》乃(nai)仍孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)。言非(fei)(fei)(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)阙其(qi)亡者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)见在(zai)(zai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)数(shu)(shu)，志在(zai)(zai)推(tui)改(gai)。而(er)《鸿(hong)雁(yan)》偶与旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)合(he)，非(fei)(fei)(fei)毛(mao)意，故(gu)(gu)存之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。必知今(jin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)，毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)推(tui)改(gai)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)毛(mao)公(gong)(gong)前世大(da)(da)儒，自作(zuo)《诂训》，篇(pian)(pian)(pian)端(duan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)序，毛(mao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)分置，《十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)月之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)交》，毛(mao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)移第，故(gu)(gu)知什(shen)(shen)首(shou)(shou)亦(yi)毛(mao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)推(tui)改(gai)也。言以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下非(fei)(fei)(fei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)似之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)始自孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，然(ran)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前，诗篇(pian)(pian)(pian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)(shu)更多(duo)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)今(jin)，古者(zhe)(zhe)无(wu)纸，皆(jie)用(yong)简札(zha)，必不(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)数(shu)(shu)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)共为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)卷(juan)，明亦(yi)分别(bie)可(ke)(ke)(ke)知。既分为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)，固当(dang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)巳有之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)也。但孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)论诗，省去烦重(zhong)，更以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)在(zai)(zai)者(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)什(shen)(shen)，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旧(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)”，不(bu)(bu)必孔(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)也。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)数(shu)(shu)积多(duo)，故(gu)(gu)分每十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)卷(juan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)满十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)，无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)矣(yi)。今(jin)鲁颂(song)(song)四篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，商(shang)颂(song)(song)五(wu)(wu)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，皆(jie)不(bu)(bu)满十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)也。或有者(zhe)(zhe)，承此(ci)雅、颂(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后而(er)误耳。何(he)者(zhe)(zhe)？商(shang)、鲁非(fei)(fei)(fei)周，诗犹国风之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)国为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)别(bie)，假令过十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上，亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)合(he)分，况不(bu)(bu)满十(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)篇(pian)(pian)(pian)，明无(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)用(yong)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什(shen)(shen)也。