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仪礼注疏卷四十六 特牲馈食礼第十五在线阅读

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卷四十(shi)六(liu) 特牲馈食礼第十(shi)五

  嗣举奠(dian),盥,入,北面再拜稽首。嗣,主人将为后者。举犹饮也(ye)。使(shi)嗣子饮奠(dian)者,将传重累之(zhi)者。大夫之(zhi)嗣子不举奠(dian),辟诸侯。

[疏]“嗣举”至“稽首”。
  ○注“嗣主”至“诸侯”。
  ○释曰(yue):自(zi)(zi)此(ci)(ci)尽“出复位”,论嗣(si)子(zi)饮(yin)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)酌献(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。云(yun)“嗣(si),主(zhu)人将(jiang)为(wei)后(hou)”者,不言(yan)適(shi)而言(yan)将(jiang)为(wei)后(hou)者,欲见无长適(shi),立庶(shu)子(zi)及同宗为(wei)后(hou)皆(jie)是(shi),故(gu)汎言(yan)将(jiang)为(wei)后(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“举犹饮(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者,非(fei)谓(wei)训举为(wei)饮(yin),直(zhi)是(shi)嗣(si)子(zi)举而饮(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)耳。云(yun)“将(jiang)传重累(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者,谓(wei)将(jiang)使(shi)为(wei)嗣(si)牵累(lei)崇敬(jing),承重祭祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,是(shi)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)饮(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而献(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“大夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嗣(si)子(zi)不举奠(dian)(dian)(dian),辟诸(zhu)侯(hou)”者,案《文(wen)王世子(zi)》云(yun):“其(qi)登(deng)馂(jun)、献(xian)、受爵(jue),则以(yi)(yi)上(shang)嗣(si)。”注(zhu)云(yun):“上(shang)嗣(si),君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)適(shi)长子(zi)。以(yi)(yi)《特(te)(te)牲(sheng)馈食礼》言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),受爵(jue)谓(wei)上(shang)嗣(si)举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),献(xian)谓(wei)举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)洗(xi)爵(jue)酌入也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),馂(jun)谓(wei)宗人遣举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)盥祝(zhu)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馂(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)嗣(si)无此(ci)(ci)礼,辟君也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”今案《少牢》无嗣(si)子(zi)举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,故(gu)此(ci)(ci)注(zhu)云(yun)辟诸(zhu)侯(hou)。士(shi)卑不嫌,得与(yu)人君同,故(gu)有嗣(si)子(zi)举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。奠(dian)(dian)(dian)者,即上(shang)文(wen)“祝(zhu)酌奠(dian)(dian)(dian),奠(dian)(dian)(dian)於(wu)鉶南”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《郊(jiao)特(te)(te)牲(sheng)》云(yun):“举斝(jia)角,诏(zhao)妥(tuo)尸。”郑注(zhu)云(yun):“始(shi)入举奠(dian)(dian)(dian)斝(jia)。若奠(dian)(dian)(dian)角,将(jiang)祭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),祝(zhu)则诏(zhao)主(zhu)人,拜(bai)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),使(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坐,尸即至(zhi)尊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坐,或时不自(zi)(zi)安,则以(yi)(yi)拜(bai)安之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。天子(zi)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)斝(jia),诸(zhu)侯(hou)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)角。”彼郑注(zhu),意亦引(yin)此(ci)(ci)《特(te)(te)牲(sheng)》祝(zhu)酌奠(dian)(dian)(dian)于鉶南也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

尸执奠,进(jin)受,复位,祭酒,啐酒。尸举肝(gan)(gan)。举奠左(zuo)执觯,再拜(bai)稽首,进(jin)受肝(gan)(gan),复位,坐食(shi)肝(gan)(gan),卒觯,拜(bai)。尸备(bei)答拜(bai)焉(yan)。食(shi)肝(gan)(gan),受尊(zun)者赐,不(bu)敢馀也。备(bei)犹尽(jin)也。每拜(bai)答之,以尊(zun)者与(yu)卑(bei)者为礼(li),略具文(wen)(wen)耳。古文(wen)(wen)备(bei)为复。

[疏]“尸执”至“拜焉”。
  ○注“食肝”至“为复”。
  ○释曰:直言受肝(gan),明有(you)盐(yan),是以下记云“嗣举奠,佐食设豆盐(yan)”是也。云“食肝(gan),受尊者赐,不(bu)敢馀也”者,食之当尽,以其食若不(bu)尽,直云哜之而已。此经云“食肝(gan)”,明不(bu)敢馀也。

举(ju)奠(dian)(dian)洗酌入,尸拜(bai)受(shou),举(ju)奠(dian)(dian)答拜(bai)。尸祭酒,啐酒,奠(dian)(dian)之。举(ju)奠(dian)(dian)出,复位。啐之者(zhe),答其欲酢己也。奠(dian)(dian)之者(zhe),复神之奠(dian)(dian)觯。嗣齿(chi)於子(zi)姓,凡(fan)非(fei)主(zhu)人(ren),升降(jiang)自西阶。

[疏]“举奠”至“复位”。
  ○注“啐之”至“西阶”。
  ○释曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)“啐(cui)之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),答(da)其欲酢己(ji)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),《乡(xiang)饮酒(jiu)》、《乡(xiang)射》主人(ren)(ren)献宾(bin),宾(bin)皆啐(cui)酒(jiu)洗(xi)爵,即酢主人(ren)(ren)。此(ci)嗣(si)子(zi)献宾(bin),宾(bin)啐(cui)之(zhi)(zhi),亦(yi)欲酢己(ji),故啐(cui)之(zhi)(zhi),其实无酢也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“嗣(si)齿於子(zi)姓”者(zhe)(zhe),姓之(zhi)(zhi)言生,子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)所生谓(wei)孙(sun)行者(zhe)(zhe),今嗣(si)亦(yi)孙(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)流,故齿之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“凡非(fei)主人(ren)(ren),升降自西(xi)阶”者(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《曲礼》云(yun)(yun)为人(ren)(ren)子(zi)者(zhe)(zhe),“升降不由阼(zuo)阶”,是以虽嗣(si)子(zi),亦(yi)宜升降自西(xi)阶。適(shi)子(zi)孙(sun)不升降阶,故於此(ci)总言“凡”也(ye)(ye)。

兄弟弟子(zi)洗酌(zhuo)于东方之尊,阼阶前北面举(ju)觯(zhi)于长(zhang)兄弟,如主人酬宾仪。弟子(zi),后生也。

[疏]“兄弟”至“宾仪”。
  ○注“弟子后生”。
  ○释曰:自(zi)此尽“乃(nai)羞”,论弟(di)(di)子举觯(zhi)(zhi)将行旅酬之(zhi)事。云(yun)“如主人酬宾(bin)仪”者,谓(wei)如上文主人酬宾(bin)就其(qi)阶,同北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)并拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),乃(nai)饮,卒爵(jue)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),洗酌,乃(nai)西面(mian)(mian),宾(bin)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)位,故言“如”。此亦然,弟(di)(di)子洗觯(zhi)(zhi),酌於东方之(zhi)尊(zun),阼(zuo)阶前东面(mian)(mian)献长兄(xiong)弟(di)(di),长兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)受,弟(di)(di)子奠于荐南,长兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)坐取觯(zhi)(zhi),还,西面(mian)(mian)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),弟(di)(di)子北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)答(da)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai),长兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)奠于荐北(bei)(bei),揖复位。若《有(you)(you)司彻(che)》云(yun):“兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)之(zhi)后生(sheng)者,举觯(zhi)(zhi)於其(qi)长”,长在左(zuo),弟(di)(di)子自(zi)饮讫,“升酌降,长拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)受於其(qi)位,举爵(jue)者东面(mian)(mian)答(da)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)”,郑注云(yun):“拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)受答(da)拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)不北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)者,傧尸礼杀。”此不傧尸,则拜(bai)(bai)(bai)(bai)送皆北(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)可知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。弟(di)(di)子后生(sheng)者,此即《有(you)(you)司彻(che)》云(yun)“兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)之(zhi)后生(sheng)者”是也(ye)(ye)。

宗人告(gao)祭脀。脀,俎(zu)也(ye)。所(suo)告(gao)者(zhe),众宾(bin)、众兄(xiong)弟、内宾(bin)也(ye)。献时设(she)荐俎(zu)于其位,至此礼又杀,告(gao)之祭,使(shi)成礼也(ye)。其祭皆离肺,不言祭豆可知。

[疏]注“脀俎”至“可知”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)“告(gao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)脀”者(zhe),谓告(gao)众宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)等。知(zhi)无(wu)长(zhang)(zhang)宾(bin)者(zhe),以其(qi)初(chu)得献(xian)时,即祭(ji)(ji)(ji)肺(fei)於(wu)阶(jie)上(shang),此(ci)献(xian)时,乃设(she)荐(jian)(jian)俎(zu)于其(qi)位(wei),故(gu)(gu)此(ci)无(wu)长(zhang)(zhang)宾(bin)也。上(shang)又下长(zhang)(zhang)兄弟如宾(bin)仪,则(ze)亦献(xian)时祭(ji)(ji)(ji)可知(zhi),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)宗人所告(gao),“告(gao)众宾(bin)、众兄弟、内宾(bin)也”。云(yun)“献(xian)时设(she)荐(jian)(jian)俎(zu)於(wu)其(qi)位(wei)”者(zhe),得献(xian)时乃荐(jian)(jian)于堂(tang)下及房内之(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)。云(yun)“至此(ci)礼又杀(sha),告(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji),使(shi)成礼也”者(zhe),案(an)上(shang)文加爵(jue)、致(zhi)爵(jue)不及佐(zuo)食(shi),无(wu)从,杀(sha)也。此(ci)告(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)成礼,是再(zai)杀(sha),故(gu)(gu)云(yun)又杀(sha)也。云(yun)“其(qi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)皆离肺(fei)”者(zhe),已於(wu)记文解之(zhi)(zhi)也。云(yun)“不言祭(ji)(ji)(ji)豆可知(zhi)”者(zhe),以众宾(bin)言荐(jian)(jian)俎(zu)从设(she),言荐(jian)(jian)即豆也,故(gu)(gu)云(yun)不言祭(ji)(ji)(ji)豆可知(zhi)。

乃羞。羞,庶羞也。下尸,胾醢豆而已(yi)。此(ci)所羞者,自祝(zhu)主人(ren)至於内宾(bin),无内羞。

[疏]“乃羞”。
  ○注“羞庶”至“内羞”。
  ○释曰:知(zhi)羞(xiu)非荐(jian)(jian)(jian)羞(xiu)者(zhe),上文受献时(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)设荐(jian)(jian)(jian)俎於其位,故(gu)知(zhi)此羞(xiu)乃(nai)是(shi)庶羞(xiu),非荐(jian)(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“下(xia)(xia)尸,胾醢(hai)(hai)豆(dou)(dou)而已(yi)”者(zhe),上为尸“佐食(shi)(shi)羞(xiu)庶羞(xiu)四豆(dou)(dou),设於左”,郑注:“四豆(dou)(dou),膮、炙(zhi)、胾、醢(hai)(hai)。”此祝(zhu)(zhu)以下(xia)(xia)荐(jian)(jian)(jian)羞(xiu)降于(yu)尸,当去膮、炙(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)胾醢(hai)(hai)豆(dou)(dou)而已(yi)。云(yun)“此所羞(xiu)者(zhe),自祝(zhu)(zhu)主人至(zhi)於内宾(bin)(bin)”者(zhe),言自祝(zhu)(zhu)下(xia)(xia)及(ji)(ji)内宾(bin)(bin),及(ji)(ji)众(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟皆(jie)(jie)(jie)在可知(zhi)。又下(xia)(xia)记云(yun)公有司“献次众(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)”,私臣“献次兄(xiong)(xiong)弟”,则内宾(bin)(bin)亦(yi)及(ji)(ji)之,是(shi)以《少牢》下(xia)(xia)篇云(yun):“乃(nai)羞(xiu)庶羞(xiu)于(yu)宾(bin)(bin)、兄(xiong)(xiong)弟、内宾(bin)(bin)及(ji)(ji)私人。”不(bu)傧(bin)尸,亦(yi)云(yun)乃(nai)羞(xiu)于(yu)宾(bin)(bin)、兄(xiong)(xiong)弟、内宾(bin)(bin)及(ji)(ji)私人辩是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然,《少牢》与《有司彻》傧(bin)尸与不(bu)傧(bin)尸,庶羞(xiu)与房中(zhong)羞(xiu),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)与尸佐食(shi)(shi)及(ji)(ji)祝(zhu)(zhu),主人、主妇皆(jie)(jie)(jie)同时(shi)羞(xiu)之者(zhe),彼上下(xia)(xia)大(da)夫(fu)礼尊,故(gu)得与尸同时(shi)羞(xiu),此士(shi)礼卑(bei),故(gu)不(bu)得与尸同也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“内羞(xiu)”者(zhe),以其尸尊,尚无内羞(xiu),况祝(zhu)(zhu)卑(bei),故(gu)无内羞(xiu)也(ye)(ye)。

宾坐取觯,阼(zuo)阶前北面酬长兄弟,长兄弟在右(you)。荐南奠觯。

[疏]“宾坐”至“在右”。
  ○注“荐南奠觯”。
  ○释曰:自(zi)此尽“实(shi)觯于篚(fei)”,论行(xing)(xing)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閒作止爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。但此《特(te)(te)牲》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li),堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)行(xing)(xing)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)无(wu)(wu)筭爵,并在室中(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。上大夫(fu)傧(bin)尸与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)无(wu)(wu)筭爵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,故(gu)别使二人举(ju)觯,於(wu)尸侑(you),尸侑(you)得举(ju)为(wei)(wei)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),遍及堂(tang)(tang)下(xia),尸与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)傧(bin)尸在堂(tang)(tang),礼(li)(li)杀故(gu)也。若下(xia)大夫(fu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)傧(bin)尸者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)无(wu)(wu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),直(zhi)行(xing)(xing)无(wu)(wu)筭爵於(wu)堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)而已。尸则不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),所(suo)以(yi)下(xia)大夫(fu)无(wu)(wu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),直(zhi)有无(wu)(wu)筭爵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)礼(li)(li)尸於(wu)室中(zhong),辟国(guo)君,堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)设(she)尊(zun)(zun)(zun),故(gu)无(wu)(wu)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),直(zhi)行(xing)(xing)无(wu)(wu)筭爵而已。以(yi)其(qi)堂(tang)(tang)上与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)神灵共(gong)尊(zun)(zun)(zun),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)尸行(xing)(xing)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),故(gu)屈之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此《特(te)(te)牲》堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)得旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)、无(wu)(wu)筭爵并行(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)神灵别尊(zun)(zun)(zun),故(gu)为(wei)(wei)加爵礼(li)(li)尸於(wu)室中(zhong),酌上尊(zun)(zun)(zun),堂(tang)(tang)下(xia)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)行(xing)(xing)神惠,酌下(xia)尊(zun)(zun)(zun),故(gu)上大夫(fu)及士之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭礼(li)(li),旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)行(xing)(xing)无(wu)(wu)筭爵,或行(xing)(xing)或不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu),皆参差(cha)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)等也。宾(bin)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)长(zhang)兄(xiong)弟(di)(di),长(zhang)兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)在右(you),下(xia)文(wen)长(zhang)兄(xiong)弟(di)(di)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),众宾(bin)长(zhang)自(zi)左(zuo)受(shou)(shou)旅(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)如初,是宾(bin)主相酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),主人常在东,其(qi)同在宾(bin)中(zhong),则受(shou)(shou)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在左(zuo)。若《乡饮酒》宾(bin)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)主人,主人立於(wu)宾(bin)东,主人酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)介,介立於(wu)主人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)西。其(qi)众宾(bin)受(shou)(shou)介,“酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)自(zi)介右(you)”,郑注云:“尊(zun)(zun)(zun)介,使不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)失故(gu)位。”众受(shou)(shou)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)受(shou)(shou)自(zi)左(zuo),异其(qi)义也。宾(bin)主相酬(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou)(chou),各守其(qi)位,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)卑变(bian)。同类之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),受(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)于左(zuo),尊(zun)(zun)(zun)右(you)也。

宾(bin)奠(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)拜(bai),长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)答拜(bai)。宾(bin)立卒觯(zhi)(zhi),酌(zhuo)于其(qi)尊,东面立。长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)拜(bai)受觯(zhi)(zhi)。宾(bin)北面答拜(bai),揖(yi),复位(wei)。其(qi)尊,长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)尊也。此受酬者拜(bai),亦(yi)北面。

[疏]注“其尊”至“北面”。
  ○释曰:以(yi)(yi)其旅酬(chou)(chou)无(wu)筭爵以(yi)(yi)饮者,酌(zhuo)己尊(zun),酬(chou)(chou)人(ren)之时,酌(zhuo)彼尊(zun),是各(ge)自其酒,故无(wu)筭爵宾弟子及兄(xiong)弟。弟子举觯(zhi),於其长各(ge)酌(zhuo)于其尊(zun)也。云(yun)“此受酬(chou)(chou)者拜(bai)(bai)亦(yi)北面”者,以(yi)(yi)经“长兄(xiong)弟拜(bai)(bai)受觯(zhi)”,不(bu)言面位,故郑云(yun)受酌(zhuo)者拜(bai)(bai)亦(yi)北面。言“亦(yi)”者,亦(yi)宾北面也。

长(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)西阶前北(bei)面,众宾长(zhang)(zhang)自左受旅,如初。旅,行(xing)(xing)也。受行(xing)(xing)酬也。初,宾酬长(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)。长(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)卒(zu)觯,酌于(yu)其尊,西面立。受旅者拜受。长(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)北(bei)面答拜,揖,复位。众宾及众兄弟(di)交错以(yi)辩,皆如初仪。交错,犹言东西。

为加爵(jue)者作止爵(jue),如长兄弟(di)之仪。於旅酬之閒,言作上爵(jue),明礼杀,并(bing)作。

[疏]“为加”至“之仪”。
  ○注“於旅”至“并作”。
  ○释(shi)曰:前众宾之长(zhang)为加爵如初爵止(zhi),今还(hai)使为加爵者(zhe),作(zuo)止(zhi)爵也,故(gu)云(yun)“如长(zhang)兄(xiong)弟之仪”。云(yun)“於(wu)旅酬之閒,言(yan)作(zuo)止(zhi)爵,明礼(li)杀,并作(zuo)”者(zhe),此决上文宾三献爵止(zhi),郑(zheng)注云(yun):“三献礼(li)成(cheng),欲(yu)神惠(hui)之均于室中(zhong),是以奠而待之。”故(gu)有室中(zhong)主(zhu)人、主(zhu)妇(fu)致爵讫,乃(nai)三献作(zuo)止(zhi)爵,此众宾长(zhang)为加爵如初爵止(zhi),郑(zheng)注云(yun):“尸爵止(zhi)者(zhe),欲(yu)神惠(hui)之均于在庭。”而堂下庭中(zhong)行旅酬未讫为加爵者(zhe),作(zuo)止(zhi)爵,故(gu)郑(zheng)注云(yun)礼(li)杀并作(zuo)也。

长兄弟(di)酬(chou)宾,如宾酬(chou)兄弟(di)之仪,以辩(bian)。卒(zu)受者实觯(zhi)于篚(fei)。长兄弟(di)酬(chou)宾,亦坐取其(qi)奠(dian)觯(zhi),此不言交错以辩(bian),宾之酬(chou)不言卒(zu)受者实觯(zhi)于篚(fei),明其(qi)相报,礼终於此,其(qi)文省。

[疏]注“长兄”至“文省”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)“长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)酬宾(bin)(bin),亦坐取其(qi)奠(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)”者(zhe),亦谓亦上(shang)(shang)宾(bin)(bin)坐取荐南奠(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)。此长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)所举奠(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)者(zhe),即上(shang)(shang)弟(di)(di)子(zi)举觯(zhi)於(wu)其(qi)长是也(ye)。云(yun)“明(ming)其(qi)相(xiang)报(bao),礼终(zhong)於(wu)此,其(qi)文(wen)省(sheng)”者(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)宾(bin)(bin)举奠(dian)(dian)觯(zhi),於(wu)长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)行旅(lv)酬,尽皆(jie)遍,长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)举觯(zhi)於(wu)宾(bin)(bin),行旅(lv)酬亦皆(jie)遍,故云(yun)相(xiang)报(bao)礼终(zhong)。言(yan)明(ming)者(zhe),嫌其(qi)不终(zhong)。所以(yi)嫌者(zhe),宾(bin)(bin)之(zhi)酬不言(yan)卒受者(zhe),此不言(yan)交错以(yi)辩,嫌其(qi)不卒不辩。其(qi)实宾(bin)(bin)之(zhi)酬亦卒受者(zhe),实觯(zhi)于篚,此亦交错以(yi)辩,故郑云(yun)文(wen)省(sheng)。

宾弟(di)子及兄弟(di)弟(di)子洗,各(ge)酌于(yu)其(qi)尊,中庭(ting)北(bei)面西(xi)上(shang),举觯(zhi)於其(qi)长,奠(dian)觯(zhi)拜(bai)(bai),长皆(jie)(jie)答(da)(da)拜(bai)(bai)。举觯(zhi)者祭,卒(zu)觯(zhi),拜(bai)(bai),长皆(jie)(jie)答(da)(da)拜(bai)(bai)。举觯(zhi)者洗,各(ge)酌于(yu)其(qi)尊,复(fu)初位,长皆(jie)(jie)拜(bai)(bai)。举觯(zhi)者皆(jie)(jie)奠(dian)觯(zhi)于(yu)荐右(you)。奠(dian)觯(zhi),进奠(dian)之于(yu)荐右(you),非神惠也。今(jin)文曰奠(dian)于(yu)荐右(you)。

[疏]“宾弟”至“荐右”。
  ○注“奠觯”至“荐右”。
  ○释曰:自(zi)此(ci)尽“爵(jue)(jue)(jue)无(wu)(wu)筭”,论二觯并(bing)行(xing)无(wu)(wu)筭爵(jue)(jue)(jue)之事。云“奠(dian)觯,进奠(dian)之於(wu)荐右,非神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe),案上“尊两壶於(wu)阼阶东,加勺(shao)南柄,西方亦如之”,郑注云:“为(wei)酬宾及兄弟行(xing)神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui)。”至此(ci)云非神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui)者(zhe),彼三献止(zhi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue),欲得神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui)均(jun)(jun)于室中(zhong),众宾长为(wei)加爵(jue)(jue)(jue)止(zhi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe),欲神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui)均(jun)(jun)于在(zai)庭,故(gu)止(zhi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue),行(xing)旅酬虽以尸而奠(dian)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)待之,亦得为(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui),至此(ci)别为(wei)无(wu)(wu)筭爵(jue)(jue)(jue),在(zai)下自(zi)相劝(quan),故(gu)得为(wei)非神(shen)(shen)(shen)惠(hui)(hui),故(gu)“奠(dian)於(wu)荐右”,同於(wu)生人饮酒,举者(zhe)奠(dian)於(wu)荐右也(ye)(ye)。

长(zhang)(zhang)皆(jie)执以兴,举觯者皆(jie)复(fu)(fu)位(wei),答拜。长(zhang)(zhang)皆(jie)奠觯于其所,皆(jie)揖其弟(di)子(zi),弟(di)子(zi)皆(jie)复(fu)(fu)其位(wei)。复(fu)(fu)其位(wei)者,东(dong)西面位(wei)。弟(di)子(zi)举觯於其长(zhang)(zhang),所以序长(zhang)(zhang)幼,教(jiao)孝弟(di)。凡堂下拜,亦(yi)皆(jie)北(bei)面。

[疏]“长皆”至“其位”。
  ○注“复其”至“北面”。
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)(yun)“复(fu)(fu)其(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe),东西(xi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”者(zhe),上既言皆(jie)(jie)复(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)答拜,此(ci)(ci)复(fu)(fu)重云(yun)(yun)复(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),则上文复(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),复(fu)(fu)在庭初举(ju)北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),此(ci)(ci)重言复(fu)(fu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe),当复(fu)(fu)东西(xi)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)可知(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“凡堂下(xia)拜,亦皆(jie)(jie)北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)”者(zhe),前主人(ren)酬(chou)宾,弟(di)子(zi)举(ju)於其(qi)长行(xing)旅(lv)酬(chou)及无筭爵,兄弟(di)弟(di)子(zi)宾弟(di)子(zi)举(ju)觯皆(jie)(jie)北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),则知(zhi)凡堂下(xia),虽(sui)不(bu)见面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe),皆(jie)(jie)北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)拜可知(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)凡宾以下(xia),至於私(si)人(ren)拜受(shou)送(song),皆(jie)(jie)北(bei)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“凡”也。

爵皆(jie)无筭。筭,数也。宾(bin)取觯酬兄弟之(zhi)(zhi)党,长兄弟取觯酬宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)党,唯(wei)己所欲,亦(yi)交错以辩(bian),无次第之(zhi)(zhi)数。因(yin)今接会,使之(zhi)(zhi)交恩定好,优劝之(zhi)(zhi)。

利(li)洗散(san),献于尸,酢,及祝,如初仪(yi)。降,实散(san)于篚。利(li),佐食也(ye)(ye)。言利(li),以今进酒也(ye)(ye)。更言献者,以利(li)待尸礼将终,宜一进酒,嫌(xian)於(wu)加酒亦当三(san)也(ye)(ye)。不致爵,礼又(you)杀也(ye)(ye)。

[疏]“利洗”至“于篚”。
  ○注“利佐”至“杀也”。
  ○释曰:自此尽(jin)“西序下”,论佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)献(xian)(xian)尸(shi)(shi)祭(ji)祀(si)毕之事。云(yun)(yun)“利,佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言利,以(yi)今进(jin)(jin)(jin)酒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe),利与(yu)佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)乃有(you)二(er)名(ming)(ming)者(zhe),以(yi)上文设俎启会尔敦(dun)之时,以(yi)黍稷为(wei)(wei)食(shi)(shi),故(gu)名(ming)(ming)佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)。今进(jin)(jin)(jin)以(yi)酒,酒所以(yi)供养(yang),故(gu)名(ming)(ming)利,利即养(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)以(yi)今进(jin)(jin)(jin)酒也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然(ran),《少(shao)牢(lao)》名(ming)(ming)“佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi),上利执羊俎,下利执豕俎”者(zhe),大夫礼(li)(li)文,故(gu)即两(liang)见其(qi)名(ming)(ming)。云(yun)(yun)“更(geng)言献(xian)(xian)者(zhe),以(yi)利待尸(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)将终(zhong)(zhong),宜一(yi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)酒,嫌於(wu)加(jia)酒亦当三(san)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe),此决(jue)兄弟长(zhang)及众(zhong)宾长(zhang)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue)於(wu)尸(shi)(shi),不(bu)(bu)言献(xian)(xian),今进(jin)(jin)(jin)酒更(geng)言献(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)言加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),故(gu)郑君解其(qi)义意,以(yi)利事尸(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)将终(zhong)(zhong),宜一(yi)进(jin)(jin)(jin)酒,不(bu)(bu)似长(zhang)兄弟助宗子(zi)祭(ji)祀(si)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),众(zhong)宾之长(zhang)助主人祭(ji)祀(si),设为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),嫌此佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)同彼二(er)者(zhe)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),故(gu)变(bian)言献(xian)(xian),是以(yi)郑云(yun)(yun)嫌亦当三(san)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“亦”者(zhe),亦上主人献(xian)(xian)主妇献(xian)(xian)宾长(zhang)为(wei)(wei)三(san)献(xian)(xian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。长(zhang)兄弟为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),众(zhong)宾长(zhang)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),通洗(xi)(xi)散献(xian)(xian)尸(shi)(shi)亦三(san),都并(bing)尸(shi)(shi)饮,六(liu)士祭(ji)事尸(shi)(shi)礼(li)(li)毕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)致爵(jue)(jue),礼(li)(li)又杀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe),上文云(yun)(yun):“长(zhang)兄弟洗(xi)(xi)觚(gu)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)爵(jue)(jue),如(ru)初仪(yi),不(bu)(bu)及佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi),洗(xi)(xi)致如(ru)初,无从。”注云(yun)(yun):“不(bu)(bu)及佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi),无从,杀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”此又不(bu)(bu)致,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)又杀也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

主人出,立于户外(wai),西(xi)南。事尸礼毕。

祝东面告利成。利犹(you)养也。供养之礼成,不(bu)言礼毕,於(wu)尸閒之嫌。

[疏]“祝东面告利成”。
  ○注“利犹”至“之嫌”。
  ○释曰:《少牢》云(yun)(yun):“主人出(chu),立(li)于(yu)(yu)阼阶(jie)上南面(mian)。祝(zhu)出(chu),立(li)于(yu)(yu)西阶(jie)上东面(mian)。祝(zhu)告(gao)(gao)曰:利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)。”此户外告(gao)(gao)利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng),彼阶(jie)上告(gao)(gao)利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng),以尊者(zhe)稍远於(wu)尸(shi)。若天子诸(zhu)侯(hou)礼毕(bi),於(wu)堂(tang)下(xia)告(gao)(gao)利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)。故《诗·楚茨(ci)》云(yun)(yun):“礼仪(yi)既备,锺鼓既戒,孝(xiao)孙徂位,工祝(zhu)致告(gao)(gao)。”郑注云(yun)(yun):“锺鼓既戒,戒诸(zhu)在庙中者(zhe),以祭礼毕(bi),孝(xiao)孙往位堂(tang)下(xia)西面(mian)位也(ye)。祝(zhu)於(wu)是(shi)致孝(xiao)孙之(zhi)意,告(gao)(gao)尸(shi)以利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)。”是(shi)尊者(zhe)告(gao)(gao)利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng),远於(wu)尸(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“不言(yan)礼毕(bi),於(wu)尸(shi)閒(xian)之(zhi)嫌”者(zhe),閒(xian),閒(xian)暇(xia)无(wu)事。若然,礼毕(bi)则於(wu)尸(shi)閒(xian)暇(xia)无(wu)事,有发遣尸(shi)之(zhi)嫌,故直言(yan)“利(li)(li)(li)成(cheng)(cheng)”而(er)已也(ye)。

尸(shi)谡,祝前(qian),主人降。谡,起也(ye)。前(qian)犹导也(ye)。《少牢馈食礼(li)》曰:“祝入,尸(shi)谡,主人降,立于阼阶(jie)东,西面。祝先,尸(shi)从,遂(sui)出于庙门。”前(qian)尸(shi)之义,《士虞礼(li)》备矣。

[疏]“尸谡”至“人降”。
  ○注“谡起”至“备矣”。
  ○释曰:引《少牢》者,证(zheng)大夫(fu)礼主人立位与士不同,又证(zheng)前尸(shi)出庙(miao)之事(shi)(shi)。云(yun)“前尸(shi)之仪,《士虞礼》备(bei)(bei)矣(yi)”者,彼有(you)室中出尸(shi)降阶出庙(miao)前尸(shi)之事(shi)(shi),故云(yun)备(bei)(bei)矣(yi)。

祝反,及(ji)主人入,复位。命佐(zuo)食(shi)彻尸俎,俎出于(yu)庙门。俎所以载肵俎,《少牢馈食(shi)礼》曰:“有司(si)受归之。”

[疏]注“俎所”至“归之”。
  ○释(shi)曰:引《少牢(lao)》者(zhe),是《少牢(lao)》下(xia)篇《有(you)司彻》下(xia)大夫不(bu)宾尸之礼(li),彼云(yun):“佐食彻尸俎,佐食乃出(chu)尸俎于庙门外,有(you)司受归之。”此士礼(li),不(bu)傧尸与下(xia)大夫同,故(gu)引以相证(zheng)也。

彻庶(shu)(shu)羞,设于西序(xu)(xu)下。为(wei)将馂,去(qu)之。庶(shu)(shu)羞主为(wei)尸,非神馔也(ye)。《尚书传》曰(yue):“宗(zong)室(shi)有事,族人(ren)皆(jie)侍(shi)终日。大宗(zong)已侍(shi)於(wu)宾奠,然后燕(yan)私。燕(yan)私者何(he)也(ye)?已而与(yu)族人(ren)饮也(ye)。”此彻庶(shu)(shu)羞置西序(xu)(xu)下者,为(wei)将以燕(yan)饮与(yu)?然则自尸祝(zhu)至於(wu)兄弟之庶(shu)(shu)羞,宗(zong)子以与(yu)族人(ren)燕(yan)饮于堂,内(nei)宾宗(zong)妇之庶(shu)(shu)羞,主妇以燕(yan)饮於(wu)房。

[疏]“彻庶”至“序下”。
  ○注“为将”至“于房”。
  ○释曰:知非神(shen)馔而(er)云(yun)“为尸(shi)”者(zhe),以(yi)其尸(shi)三(san)饭(fan)后始(shi)荐庶羞(xiu),故(gu)彻(che)之(zhi)乃馂也(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡“馂”者(zhe),尸(shi)馂鬼神(shen)之(zhi)馀,祭者(zhe)馂尸(shi)之(zhi)馀,义取鬼神(shen)之(zhi)惠遍庙(miao)中,庶羞(xiu)非鬼神(shen)惠,故(gu)不用也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《尚(shang)书传(chuan)(chuan)》已下(xia)(xia)者(zhe),是(shi)彼《康诰》传(chuan)(chuan)文。大(da)宗已侍於宾(bin)(bin),奠者(zhe)或有(you)(you)作籑,或有(you)(you)作暮者(zhe),皆误,以(yi)奠为正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引之(zhi)者(zhe),证彻(che)庶羞(xiu)不入于房(fang),而(er)设於西序(xu)下(xia)(xia),以(yi)拟燕(yan)(yan)故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必知祭有(you)(you)燕(yan)(yan)者(zhe),案《楚茨》诗云(yun)“鼓锺送尸(shi)”,下(xia)(xia)云(yun)“备言燕(yan)(yan)私”,郑注(zhu)云(yun):“祭祀(si)毕,归宾(bin)(bin)客(ke)之(zhi)俎。同姓则留与(yu)(yu)之(zhi)燕(yan)(yan),所以(yi)尊宾(bin)(bin)客(ke),亲骨肉也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”其上大(da)夫(fu)当(dang)(dang)日傧(bin)尸(shi)安有(you)(you)燕(yan)(yan),故(gu)《有(you)(you)司彻(che)》上大(da)夫(fu)云(yun)“主(zhu)人退”,注(zhu):“云(yun)反於寝也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”是(shi)无燕(yan)(yan)私。若下(xia)(xia)大(da)夫(fu)不傧(bin)尸(shi),与(yu)(yu)此士礼同,亦当(dang)(dang)有(you)(you)燕(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“与(yu)(yu)”者(zhe),以(yi)经直(zhi)言“设于序(xu)下(xia)(xia)”,不言燕(yan)(yan),疑之(zhi)。引《书传(chuan)(chuan)》为证有(you)(you)燕(yan)(yan),故(gu)言与(yu)(yu)以(yi)疑之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“然则自尸(shi)祝”以(yi)下(xia)(xia),知义如此者(zhe),以(yi)兄弟(di)受献於堂上,主(zhu)妇内宾(bin)(bin)受献於房(fang)中,尸(shi)出之(zhi)后,堂房(fang)无事(shi),故(gu)知燕(yan)(yan)时男子在堂,妇人在房(fang)可(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

筵对席,佐(zuo)食分(fen)簋(gui)、鉶。为(wei)将馂(jun)分(fen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。分(fen)簋(gui)者(zhe),分(fen)敦黍於(wu)会,为(wei)有(you)对也(ye)(ye)。敦,有(you)虞(yu)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器也(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)制(zhi),士用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。变敦言(yan)簋(gui),容同姓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)士得从周(zhou)制(zhi)耳。《祭统》曰(yue):“馂(jun)者(zhe),祭之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末也(ye)(ye),不(bu)可(ke)不(bu)知也(ye)(ye)。是故(gu)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)有(you)言(yan)曰(yue):善终者(zhe)如始。馂(jun)其是已。是故(gu)古(gu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)子曰(yue):尸(shi)亦馂(jun)鬼神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)馀(yu),惠术也(ye)(ye),可(ke)以(yi)观(guan)政矣。”

[疏]“筵对”至“簋鉶”。
  ○注“为将”至“政矣”。
  ○释曰:自此尽“户外西面”,论嗣(si)子共(gong)长兄弟(di)对(dui)馂(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。云(yun)“敦(dun),有虞(yu)氏之(zhi)(zhi)器”者,《礼记·明(ming)堂位》云(yun):“有虞(yu)氏之(zhi)(zhi)两敦(dun)。”上文黍稷之(zhi)(zhi)敦(dun)是(shi)周(zhou)制,士(shi)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)“言(yan)簋,容同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)得从(cong)周(zhou)制耳”者,大夫异姓(xing)(xing)既用(yong)异代之(zhi)(zhi)器,故(gu)《少牢》、《特(te)牲》皆用(yong)敦(dun),则同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)当同(tong)周(zhou)制用(yong)簋,故(gu)经(jing)言(yan)分簋。是(shi)以《文王世(shi)子》郑注亦(yi)云(yun):“同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)緦衰,异姓(xing)(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)士(shi)疑衰。”亦(yi)同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)与异姓(xing)(xing)别也。引《祭统》者,证馂(jun)是(shi)鬼神之(zhi)(zhi)惠(hui)遍(bian)庙中,若国君之(zhi)(zhi)惠(hui)遍(bian)境内,是(shi)可以观政(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也。

宗人遣举奠(dian)及长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)盥,立(li)于西(xi)阶(jie)下,东面北上。祝命(ming)(ming)尝食,籑(zhuan)者、举奠(dian)许诺,升,入,东面。长兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)对之,皆坐。佐食授举,各(ge)一肤。命(ming)(ming),告也。士使嗣子及兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)籑(zhuan),其惠不(bu)过族亲也。古(gu)文籑(zhuan)皆作馂。

[疏]注“命告”至“作馂”。
  ○释曰(yue):此决(jue)下(xia)篇(pian)《少牢》二(er)佐食及(ji)二(er)宾(bin)长馂,明惠大及(ji)异姓,不止族亲而(er)已(yi)。

主(zhu)人西面再拜,祝曰:“籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)有以(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”两籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)奠举(ju)于(yu)俎(zu),许诺,皆答拜。以(yi)(yi)(yi),读如“何其久也(ye)(ye)(ye),必有以(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”之(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)。祝告籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan),释辞以(yi)(yi)(yi)戒之(zhi),言(yan)女(nv)籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)于(yu)此,当有所以(yi)(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)先祖(zu)有德而享于(yu)此祭,其坐(zuo)籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)其馀,亦当以(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《少牢馈食礼》不戒者,非亲昵也(ye)(ye)(ye)。旧说曰:主(zhu)人拜下籑(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)席南。

[疏]注“以读”至“席南”。
  ○释曰:云“以(yi)(yi),读(du)如‘何其(qi)久也(ye)(ye)(ye),必(bi)有(you)以(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)’之(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)辞在(zai)《诗·邶风(feng)·旄丘》篇,必(bi)有(you)以(yi)(yi)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)此(ci)经云“有(you)以(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)先祖(zu)(zu)有(you)功德(de),子孙当嗣之(zhi)(zhi),而(er)庙食先祖(zu)(zu)有(you)德(de)亦合享此(ci)祭,故(gu)读(du)从(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)彼注亦云:“我君何以(yi)(yi)久留於二佐(zuo),必(bi)以(yi)(yi)卫(wei)有(you)功德(de)故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”云“其(qi)坐籑其(qi)馀(yu),亦当以(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),亦谓亦似(si)其(qi)先祖(zu)(zu),已上皆(jie)为(wei)(wei)以(yi)(yi),为(wei)(wei)似(si)者(zhe)(zhe),误也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云“《少牢(lao)馈食礼》不戒者(zhe)(zhe),非亲(qin)昵也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓二佐(zuo)食与(yu)二宾长(zhang)是(shi)非亲(qin)昵也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)旧说(shuo)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)经直言主人西面拜,不见其(qi)处,故(gu)引(yin)旧说(shuo)以(yi)(yi)明下籑席南面。

若(ruo)是(shi)者(zhe)三。丁(ding)宁戒之。

皆取举(ju)、祭(ji)食(shi)、祭(ji)举(ju)乃食(shi),祭(ji)鉶,食(shi)举(ju)。食(shi)乃祭(ji)鉶,礼杀(sha)。

[疏]注“食乃祭鉶礼杀”。
  ○释曰:前正祭之(zhi)时(shi),尸祭鉶尝之(zhi),告(gao)旨讫,佐(zuo)食(shi)尔黍於席(xi)上,尸始食(shi)。今馂(jun)食(shi)乃(nai)祭鉶,故决(jue)之(zhi),云“礼杀”故也。

卒食,主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)降洗爵,宰赞一(yi)爵。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)升(sheng),酌,酳(yin)上籑(zhuan),上籑(zhuan)拜(bai)受爵,主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)答(da)拜(bai)。酳(yin)下籑(zhuan)亦(yi)如(ru)之。《少(shao)牢馈食礼(li)》曰:“赞者洗三爵,酌。主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)受于户(hu)内,以授(shou)次籑(zhuan)。”旧说云:主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)北面,授(shou)下籑(zhuan)爵。

[疏]注“少牢”至“籑爵”。
  ○释曰:引《少牢》者,欲见此礼主人亦受于户内,以(yi)授次籑(zhuan)。引“旧(jiu)说(shuo)”,以(yi)此经云“酳下(xia)籑(zhuan)”,主人面(mian)(mian)位无文,当北面(mian)(mian)也(ye)。

主(zhu)人(ren)拜(bai),祝曰:“酳有(you)与也(ye)。”如(ru)初仪。主(zhu)人(ren)复(fu)拜(bai),为戒(jie)也(ye)。与读如(ru)“诸侯(hou)以礼相(xiang)与”之与。言女(nv)酳此,当(dang)有(you)所与也(ye)。与者,与兄弟也(ye)。既知(zhi)似(si)先(xian)祖之德,亦当(dang)与女(nv)兄弟,谓教化(hua)之。

[疏]注“主人”至“化之”。
  ○释(shi)曰:云“读如诸(zhu)侯以(yi)礼相与之与”者,案《礼运》云“诸(zhu)侯以(yi)礼相与”者,诸(zhu)侯会同(tong)聘(pin)问(wen)一德,以(yi)尊天(tian)子。言(yan)此者,戒嗣子与长兄(xiong)弟(di)及众兄(xiong)弟(di)相教化,相与以(yi)尊先(xian)祖之德也。

两籑(zhuan)执爵(jue)拜,答主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)也。祭(ji)酒,卒爵(jue),拜。主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)答拜。两籑(zhuan)皆降(jiang),实(shi)爵(jue)于篚。上籑(zhuan)洗爵(jue),升(sheng)酌,酢(zuo)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren),主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)拜受(shou)爵(jue)。下籑(zhuan)复(fu)兄弟位(wei)(wei),不复(fu)升(sheng)也。上籑(zhuan)即位(wei)(wei)坐,答拜。既授(shou)爵(jue)户内,乃就坐。

[疏]注“既授”至“就坐”。
  ○释曰:以其主人位在户(hu)内(nei),下馂(jun)席(xi)南西面,故知(zhi)上馂(jun)“授(shou)爵於户(hu)内(nei),乃就坐”。

主人(ren)(ren)坐祭(ji),卒(zu)爵(jue)(jue),拜。上籑(zhuan)答拜,受爵(jue)(jue),降(jiang),实于篚。主人(ren)(ren)出,立(li)于户外,西面。事馂者礼毕。

祝命(ming)(ming)彻(che)阼(zuo)俎、豆、笾,设于东序(xu)(xu)下(xia)(xia)。命(ming)(ming),命(ming)(ming)佐食。阼(zuo)俎,主人(ren)之俎。宗妇不彻(che)豆笾,彻(che)礼略,各有为而已。设于东序(xu)(xu)下(xia)(xia),亦将燕也(ye)。

[疏]“祝命”至“序下”。
  ○注“命命”至“燕也”。
  ○释(shi)曰:自(zi)(zi)此(ci)尽“毕(bi)出(chu)(chu)”,论彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)荐(jian)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),改设(she)馔於(wu)西北隅为(wei)阳(yang)厌(yan)之事(shi)(shi)。云(yun)“祝(zhu)(zhu)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”者,是佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之。当彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)之时,堂(tang)下(xia)(xia)宾兄弟俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)毕(bi),出(chu)(chu)故(gu)下(xia)(xia)文(wen)云(yun)“佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),堂(tang)下(xia)(xia)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)毕(bi)出(chu)(chu)”是也者。然祝(zhu)(zhu)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)时,堂(tang)下(xia)(xia)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)毕(bi)出(chu)(chu),又退在下(xia)(xia)者,欲见先彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)室(shi)内俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),乃彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)堂(tang)下(xia)(xia),是以(yi)祝(zhu)(zhu)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)及豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian)。又祝(zhu)(zhu)自(zi)(zi)执(zhi)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)以(yi)出(chu)(chu),又宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)祝(zhu)(zhu)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),入(ru)於(wu)房即佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi),改馔西北隅。是以(yi)作经并说室(shi)内行(xing)事(shi)(shi),乃到本云(yun)上(shang)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)时,堂(tang)下(xia)(xia)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)毕(bi)出(chu)(chu)也。云(yun)“命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)”者,此(ci)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)使彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),下(xia)(xia)文(wen)云(yun)“佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)”,故(gu)知祝(zhu)(zhu)命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者,命(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)也。云(yun)“宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇不彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)礼略(lve)(lve),各(ge)有为(wei)而已”者,以(yi)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇赞设(she)之,佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)设(she)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),理应佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)还自(zi)(zi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu),宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),以(yi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)礼略(lve)(lve),各(ge)自(zi)(zi)有为(wei)而已,故(gu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),今(jin)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)并彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)之,故(gu)云(yun)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)礼略(lve)(lve)也。“各(ge)有为(wei)而已”者,谓宗(zong)(zong)(zong)妇彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)祝(zhu)(zhu)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)(shi)彻(che)(che)(che)(che)(che)阼(zuo)(zuo)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)(zu)豆(dou)(dou)(dou)笾(bian)(bian),是各(ge)自(zi)(zi)有为(wei),何(he)必(bi)依前所设(she)之时也。

祝执(zhi)其俎以出(chu),东面于户(hu)西。俟告利成(cheng)。《少牢》下篇曰(yue):“祝告利成(cheng),乃(nai)执(zhi)俎以出(chu)。”

[疏]注“俟告”至“以出”。
  ○释(shi)曰:案《有(you)司彻》下大夫不(bu)傧尸,改馔(zhuan)于西(xi)(xi)北(bei)隅(yu)讫(qi),主人出立于阼阶上,西(xi)(xi)面(mian),祝执其俎以出,立于西(xi)(xi)阶上,东面(mian)。司宫阖牖(you)户,祝告(gao)利成,乃(nai)执俎以出于庙门(men)外(wai),有(you)司受归之。彼不(bu)傧尸之礼,亦与此(ci)《特牲》礼同,故引为证也。

宗(zong)妇(fu)彻(che)祝(zhu)豆、笾入(ru)于(yu)房(fang),彻(che)主妇(fu)荐(jian)、俎。宗(zong)妇(fu)既并彻(che),彻(che)其卑(bei)者。《士虞礼(li)》曰:“祝(zhu)荐(jian)席彻(che)入(ru)于(yu)房(fang)。”

[疏]“宗妇”至“荐俎”。
  ○注“宗妇”至“于房”。
  ○释曰(yue):宗(zong)妇(fu)不彻(che)主(zhu)人豆笾(bian)(bian),而彻(che)祝豆笾(bian)(bian)入(ru)房者(zhe)(zhe),为主(zhu)妇(fu)将用(yong)之为燕(yan)。祝两豆笾(bian)(bian)而主(zhu)妇(fu)用(yong)之者(zhe)(zhe),祝接神尸之类,主(zhu)妇(fu)燕(yan)姑姊妹(mei)及(ji)宗(zong)女宜行神惠,故(gu)主(zhu)人以(yi)(yi)(yi)荐(jian)羞(xiu)(xiu)并(bing)及(ji)祝庶羞(xiu)(xiu),燕(yan)宗(zong)人於(wu)(wu)堂。主(zhu)妇(fu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)祝笾(bian)(bian)豆用(yong)之,燕(yan)内宾於(wu)(wu)房,是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)事也(ye)。云“宗(zong)妇(fu)既并(bing)彻(che),彻(che)其(qi)(qi)卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)”,以(yi)(yi)(yi)宗(zong)妇(fu)不彻(che)主(zhu)人笾(bian)(bian)豆,而彻(che)祝与主(zhu)妇(fu),是(shi)(shi)彻(che)其(qi)(qi)卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe),故(gu)得并(bing)彻(che)。引(yin)《士虞礼(li)》者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)自(zi)有入(ru)房之文,注更引(yin)《士虞礼(li)》者(zhe)(zhe),有嫌(xian)也(ye)。嫌(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)主(zhu)妇(fu)荐(jian)俎先(xian)在房,嫌(xian)经(jing)入(ru)房又为彻(che)。

佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)彻尸荐、俎(zu)、敦,设(she)于西(xi)北隅,几在南,厞用(yong)筵,纳一尊。佐(zuo)食(shi)(shi)阖牖户(hu),降。厞,隐也(ye)。不知神之(zhi)所在,或诸远人乎(hu)?尸谡而改馔(zhuan)为幽(you)闇,庶(shu)其(qi)飨之(zhi),所以为厌(yan)饫。《少牢馈食(shi)(shi)礼(li)》曰:“南面而馈之(zhi)设(she)。”此(ci)所谓当室之(zhi)白,阳(yang)厌(yan)也(ye)。则尸未入之(zhi)前为阴厌(yan)矣。《曾子问(wen)》曰:“殇(shang)不备祭,何谓阴厌(yan)阳(yang)厌(yan)也(ye)?”

[疏]注“厞隐”至“厌也”。
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“不知神之(zhi)(zhi)所在,或诸(zhu)远人乎”,《礼(li)记(ji)·郊(jiao)特牲》之(zhi)(zhi)文。彼(bi)论正祭(ji)(ji)与绎祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)事,此(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),引之(zhi)(zhi)者,欲见(jian)孝子(zi)(zi)求神非一处(chu),故(gu)(gu)先为(wei)(wei)(wei)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),后为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)。引《少牢》者,见(jian)彼(bi)大夫礼(li)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),南面(mian),此(ci)士礼(li)东(dong)面(mian),虽面(mian)位不同,当室(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)(bai)则(ze)同。案《曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)问(wen)》庶殇(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)事,故(gu)(gu)彼(bi)云(yun):“凡(fan)殇(shang)与无(wu)后者,祭(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)宗子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)家,当室(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)(bai),尊於(wu)(wu)东(dong)房(fang),是谓(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun):“当室(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)白(bai)(bai),谓(wei)西(xi)北(bei)隅(yu)得户之(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)者也(ye)(ye)。”凡(fan)言(yan)“厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”者,谓(wei)无(wu)尸直厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)饫(yu)神,故(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)云(yun)“则(ze)尸未入之(zhi)(zhi)前为(wei)(wei)(wei)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)矣”,谓(wei)祭(ji)(ji)于奥中,不得户明(ming),故(gu)(gu)名阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。对(dui)尸谡(su)之(zhi)(zhi)后,改馔於(wu)(wu)西(xi)北(bei)隅(yu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),以(yi)向户明(ming),故(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)。引《曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)问(wen)》云(yun)“殇(shang)不备祭(ji)(ji),何(he)谓(wei)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)”,彼(bi)上文孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)曰“有(you)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),有(you)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”,谓(wei)宗子(zi)(zi)有(you)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),无(wu)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),凡(fan)殇(shang)有(you)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),无(wu)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。曾(ceng)子(zi)(zi)言(yan)谓(wei)殇(shang)死阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)并有(you),故(gu)(gu)问(wen)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)引宗子(zi)(zi)一有(you)阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),凡(fan)殇(shang)一有(you)阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。引之(zhi)(zhi)证成(cheng)人阴厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)、阳(yang)(yang)厌(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)并有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)。

祝告(gao)利(li)成,降,出。主人降,即位。宗人告(gao)事毕(bi)。

宾出,主人送于门外(wai),再拜。拜送宾也。凡(fan)去者不答(da)拜。

[疏]注“拜送”至“答拜”。
  ○释曰:云“凡去者不(bu)(bu)答(da)(da)拜(bai)(bai)”者,云“凡”,总解诸文主人拜(bai)(bai)送,宾皆不(bu)(bu)答(da)(da)拜(bai)(bai)。郑注《乡(xiang)饮酒》云“礼有终”是也(ye)。若宾更答(da)(da)拜(bai)(bai),是更崇新敬礼,故不(bu)(bu)答(da)(da)也(ye)。

佐食彻阼俎,堂下俎毕出(chu)。记俎出(chu)节(jie)。兄弟及众宾(bin)自彻而出(chu),唯实(shi)俎有司彻归之,尊宾(bin)者。

[疏]注“记俎”至“宾者”。
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)唯宾(bin)(bin)(bin)俎(zu)有司彻(che)归(gui)(gui)尸侑(you)之(zhi)(zhi)俎(zu),不(bu)(bu)傧尸归(gui)(gui)尸俎(zu),皆不(bu)(bu)见归(gui)(gui)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)俎(zu),郑(zheng)所以(yi)知(zhi)归(gui)(gui)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)俎(zu)者,正见宾(bin)(bin)(bin)出,主人送(song)於(wu)门外再(zai)拜,明宾(bin)(bin)(bin)不(bu)(bu)自(zi)彻(che)俎(zu),主人使归(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)。若助君(jun)祭,必自(zi)彻(che)其俎(zu)。郑(zheng)注(zhu)《曲礼(li)》大夫以(yi)下或(huo)使人归(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi),是以(yi)《孔(kong)子世家》云(yun):鲁郊不(bu)(bu)致燔(fan)俎(zu)于大夫,孔(kong)子不(bu)(bu)税冕(mian)而行。士大夫家尊宾(bin)(bin)(bin),则使归(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi),自(zi)馀亦自(zi)彻(che)而去也(ye)。

记(ji)。特牲馈食(shi),其(qi)服(fu)(fu)皆朝(chao)服(fu)(fu),玄冠,缁带(dai),缁韠(bi)。於(wu)祭服(fu)(fu)此也。皆者(zhe),谓宾(bin)及兄(xiong)弟(di),筮日、筮尸、视濯亦玄端,至祭而(er)朝(chao)服(fu)(fu)。朝(chao)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe),诸侯之(zhi)臣(chen)与其(qi)君(jun)日视朝(chao)之(zhi)服(fu)(fu),大夫(fu)以祭。今(jin)宾(bin)兄(xiong)弟(di)缘孝子欲(yu)得嘉宾(bin)尊客以事其(qi)祖祢,故服(fu)(fu)之(zhi)。缁韠(bi)者(zhe),下大夫(fu)之(zhi)臣(chen)。夙兴,主(zhu)人服(fu)(fu)如初,则固玄端。

[疏]记“特牲”至“缁韠”。
  ○注“於祭”至“玄端”。
  ○释曰:此退玄冠在(zai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe),欲令近缁(zi)(zi)色。士冠在(zai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)上(shang),从而正也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆者(zhe)(zhe),谓宾及兄弟,筮(shi)日(ri)、筮(shi)尸(shi)、视濯(zhuo)亦(yi)玄端(duan)(duan)(duan)”者(zhe)(zhe),见上(shang)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)筮(shi)日(ri)主人(ren)(ren)冠玄端(duan)(duan)(duan),子(zi)姓(xing)兄弟如(ru)(ru)(ru)主人(ren)(ren)之服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),有司群执(zhi)事如(ru)(ru)(ru)兄弟服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),筮(shi)尸(shi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“如(ru)(ru)(ru)求(qiu)日(ri)之仪”,至於视濯(zhuo)又不(bu)(bu)见异(yi)(yi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),故(gu)知(zhi)皆玄端(duan)(duan)(duan)。至祭日(ri)夙兴(xing),云(yun)(yun)(yun)“主人(ren)(ren)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)初(chu)”,初(chu)即玄端(duan)(duan)(duan)。明(ming)其(qi)馀(yu)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)初(chu),是朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可知(zhi),是以(yi)此注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)皆者(zhe)(zhe)谓宾及兄弟也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe),诸侯之臣(chen)(chen)与其(qi)君日(ri)视朝(chao)(chao)(chao)之服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),大夫(fu)以(yi)祭”者(zhe)(zhe),案《玉藻》云(yun)(yun)(yun)诸侯朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),“以(yi)日(ri)视朝(chao)(chao)(chao)”,下(xia)《少牢(lao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“主人(ren)(ren)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”是也(ye)。“缁(zi)(zi)韠(bi)者(zhe)(zhe),下(xia)大夫(fu)之臣(chen)(chen)”者(zhe)(zhe),《士冠礼(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“主人(ren)(ren)玄冠朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),缁(zi)(zi)带(dai)素(su)韠(bi)。”韠(bi)与裳同(tong)色,此朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)缁(zi)(zi)韠(bi),大夫(fu)之臣(chen)(chen)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)素(su)韠(bi),此缁(zi)(zi)韠(bi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)下(xia)大夫(fu)之臣(chen)(chen)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“夙兴(xing),主人(ren)(ren)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)如(ru)(ru)(ru)初(chu),则(ze)固(gu)玄端(duan)(duan)(duan)”,引上(shang)经(jing)者(zhe)(zhe),直言“皆朝(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”,恐主人(ren)(ren)亦(yi)在(zai)其(qi)中,故(gu)引证(zheng)主人(ren)(ren)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)玄端(duan)(duan)(duan),与兄弟异(yi)(yi)也(ye)。

唯尸、祝、佐(zuo)食玄端,玄裳(shang)、黄裳(shang)、杂(za)裳(shang)可也(ye),皆爵韠。与主人同服。《周礼》士(shi)之齐服,有玄端、素端。然则玄裳(shang),上士(shi)也(ye),黄裳(shang)中(zhong)士(shi),杂(za)裳(shang)下(xia)士(shi)。

[疏]注“与主”至“下士”。
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):《周礼》士(shi)之(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)服(fu)(fu)有(you)玄(xuan)端(duan)(duan)、素端(duan)(duan),《司服(fu)(fu)》文(wen)。引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)者,欲见士(shi)之(zhi)齐(qi)(qi)服(fu)(fu)有(you)一玄(xuan)端(duan)(duan),而(er)(er)裳则(ze)异,故郑云“然则(ze)玄(xuan)裳”以(yi)下,见玄(xuan)端(duan)(duan)一而(er)(er)裳有(you)三也。彼注云“素端(duan)(duan)”者,亦(yi)谓札荒有(you)所祷请服(fu)(fu)之(zhi),於此经无所当而(er)(er)连引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)耳。若然,士(shi)冠(guan)亦(yi)有(you)玄(xuan)端(duan)(duan)三等裳,而(er)(er)引(yin)(yin)《司服(fu)(fu)》者,以(yi)此特(te)牲(sheng)祭祀时,彼据齐(qi)(qi)时四命已上齐(qi)(qi)祭异冠(guan),大夫齐(qi)(qi)祭同冠(guan),故就此祭祀引(yin)(yin)齐(qi)(qi)时冠(guan)服(fu)(fu)为证也。

设洗(xi),南(nan)北(bei)以(yi)堂(tang)深,东(dong)西当东(dong)荣(rong)。荣(rong),屋翼也。水(shui)在洗(xi)东(dong)。祖天地之(zhi)左海。篚在洗(xi)西,南(nan)顺,实二爵、二觚(gu)(gu)、四(si)觯(zhi)(zhi)、一角、一散。顺,从也。言南(nan)从,统於堂(tang)也。二爵者,为宾(bin)献(xian)(xian)爵止,主(zhu)妇当致(zhi)也。二觚(gu)(gu),长(zhang)兄弟(di)酬众宾(bin)长(zhang)为加爵,二人(ren)班同,宜接并也。四(si)觯(zhi)(zhi),一酌奠,其三(san),长(zhang)兄弟(di)酬宾(bin),卒受(shou)者,与宾(bin)弟(di)子兄弟(di)弟(di)子举觯(zhi)(zhi)於其长(zhang),礼杀,事相(xiang)接。《礼器》曰:“贵者献(xian)(xian)以(yi)爵,贱者献(xian)(xian)以(yi)散,尊(zun)者举觯(zhi)(zhi),卑者举角。”旧说(shuo)云:爵一升(sheng),觚(gu)(gu)二升(sheng),觯(zhi)(zhi)三(san)升(sheng),角四(si)升(sheng),散五(wu)升(sheng)。

[疏]注“顺从”至“五升”。
  ○释曰:云“二(er)爵(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),为宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)献(xian)(xian)爵(jue)止,主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)当致(zhi)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)一(yi)(yi)爵(jue)献(xian)(xian)尸(shi),尸(shi)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)未(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju),又一(yi)(yi)爵(jue),主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)当致(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案经主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)致(zhi)爵(jue)於(wu)(wu)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren),妇(fu)(fu)(fu)人(ren)(ren)不见就堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)洗,当於(wu)(wu)内(nei)洗,则(ze)主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)致(zhi)爵(jue)於(wu)(wu)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)时(shi),不取堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)爵(jue),而云主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)当致(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)当受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)致(zhi)之(zhi)时(shi),用(yong)此爵(jue)也(ye)。云“四觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),一(yi)(yi)酌奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),其三长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),卒(zu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),与宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)弟(di)(di)子(zi)兄弟(di)(di)弟(di)(di)子(zi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),礼杀,事相接”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),酌奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)于鉶南(nan),是嗣子(zi)虽(sui)(sui)饮,还复(fu)神之(zhi)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。馀(yu)有(you)三在,主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)洗一(yi)(yi)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)於(wu)(wu)荐北,宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)於(wu)(wu)荐南(nan),此未(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)也(ye)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)篚(fei)(fei)有(you)二(er)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在,又长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)洗觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为加爵(jue),众宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)元(yuan)缺起此为加爵(jue),如(ru)初(chu)爵(jue)止,此亦未(wei)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)也(ye)。下(xia)(xia)(xia)篚(fei)(fei)仍(reng)有(you)一(yi)(yi)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)在,尸(shi)羞之(zhi)后(hou),宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)始举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),行旅酬(chou)(chou)(chou)辨,卒(zu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)虚觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)於(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)篚(fei)(fei),还有(you)二(er)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),至为加爵(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)作(zuo)止爵(jue),长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)亦坐举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)其奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),如(ru)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)兄弟(di)(di)之(zhi)仪(yi),以(yi)辨,卒(zu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未(wei)实觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于篚(fei)(fei)时(shi),宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)弟(di)(di)子(zi)兄弟(di)(di)弟(di)(di)子(zi)洗觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),各酌举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang),即用(yong)其篚(fei)(fei)二(er)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),卒(zu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)未(wei)奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi),故三觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)并用(yong)也(ye),故注云卒(zu)受(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)与宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)弟(di)(di)子(zi)兄弟(di)(di)弟(di)(di)子(zi)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)也(ye)。云“《礼器》曰,贵者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)献(xian)(xian)以(yi)爵(jue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)献(xian)(xian)尸(shi),主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)致(zhi)爵(jue)於(wu)(wu)主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)是也(ye)。“贱者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)献(xian)(xian)以(yi)散”,上(shang)利洗散是也(ye)。“尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)觯(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,谓(wei)若(ruo)酌奠(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)及长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)酬(chou)(chou)(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)等是也(ye)。“卑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)举(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)角(jiao)”,谓(wei)主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)献(xian)(xian)用(yong)角(jiao)。郑云不用(yong)爵(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),下(xia)(xia)(xia)大夫(fu)也(ye)。则(ze)大夫(fu)尊,用(yong)爵(jue);士卑,用(yong)角(jiao)是也(ye)。引(yin)“旧说”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),爵(jue)觚已下(xia)(xia)(xia),升数无正文,《韩诗》虽(sui)(sui)有(you)升数,亦非正经,故引(yin)旧说为证也(ye)。

壶(hu)、棜禁(jin),馔于东序,南(nan)顺(shun),覆两壶(hu)焉,盖在南(nan)。明日卒奠(dian),幂(mi)用(yong)绤,即(ji)位而彻之,加勺(shao)。覆壶(hu)者,盝沥水(shui),且为其(qi)不宜尘。幂(mi)用(yong)绤,以其(qi)坚絜。禁(jin)言棜者,祭尚(shang)厌饫,得与大夫同(tong)器,不为神戒也。

[疏]注“覆壶”至“戒也”。
  ○释曰:未奠不(bu)设幂,卒奠乃设之,故曰“卒奠,幂用绤”。云(yun)(yun)“禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)言棜(yu)者(zhe),祭尚厌饫,得与(yu)(yu)大夫(fu)同器,不(bu)为神戒(jie)也”者(zhe),器本无(wu)名(ming)(ming),人(ren)与(yu)(yu)作号,棜(yu)之与(yu)(yu)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),因物(wu)立名(ming)(ming),是以(yi)大夫(fu)尊(zun),以(yi)厌饫为名(ming)(ming),士(shi)卑,以(yi)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)戒(jie)为称,复以(yi)有(you)(you)足(zu)无(wu)足(zu)立名(ming)(ming),故《礼(li)(li)记》注云(yun)(yun):“无(wu)足(zu)有(you)(you)似於棜(yu)。”或因名(ming)(ming)云(yun)(yun)耳。但经已(yi)有(you)(you)棜(yu)字,注云(yun)(yun)世人(ren)因名(ming)(ming)者(zhe),误,当无(wu)世人(ren)字也。士(shi)曰禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)由有(you)(you)足(zu),以(yi)《士(shi)虞礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun):“尊(zun)于室中,两甒醴酒,无(wu)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。”禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)由足(zu)生名(ming)(ming)。《礼(li)(li)记》云(yun)(yun)大夫(fu)用棜(yu),士(shi)用禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)。及《乡饮酒》、《乡射》皆非祭礼(li)(li),是以(yi)虽大夫(fu)去(qu)足(zu),犹(you)存禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)名(ming)(ming),至祭则去(qu)足(zu)名(ming)(ming)为棜(yu)禁(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),不(bu)为神戒(jie)也。

笾(bian)、巾(jin)以绤也,纁里(li)(li)。枣(zao)烝,栗(li)择。笾(bian)有(you)巾(jin)者(zhe),果实之物多(duo)皮(pi)核(he),优尊者(zhe),可烝里(li)(li)之也。烝择互文。旧说云:纁里(li)(li)者(zhe)皆玄被。

[疏]注“笾有”至“玄被”。
  ○释曰:言多(duo)皮(pi)核者,栗多(duo)皮(pi),枣多(duo)核。

鉶芼,用苦(ku),若薇,皆(jie)有滑,夏葵、冬荁。苦(ku),苦(ku)荼也(ye)。荁,堇属,乾之,冬滑於葵。《诗》云:“周原膴々,堇荼如饴。”今文苦(ku)为芐,芐乃地(di)黄,非也(ye)。

[疏]注“苦苦”至“非也”。
  ○释曰:云“乾之,冬滑(hua)於葵(kui)(kui)”者,以(yi)(yi)其冬乾用之,不用葵(kui)(kui)而(er)用荁,明知冬则(ze)滑(hua)於葵(kui)(kui)也。引《诗》证之,《诗》言(yan)“堇(jin)荼”,即经“荁苦”之类也。云“今(jin)文(wen)苦为芐(xia),芐(xia)乃地黄,非(fei)也”者,《尔雅·释草》云:“芐(xia),地黄。”非(fei)者,以(yi)(yi)其与薇、葵(kui)(kui)等菜为不类,故知非(fei)也。

棘心匕,刻。刻,若今龙头。

牲爨在庙门外东(dong)南,鱼腊(la)爨在其南,皆西面。饎爨在西壁。饎,炊(chui)也。西壁,堂(tang)之西墙下。旧说(shuo)云(yun):南北(bei)直屋梠,稷在南。

[疏]注“饎炊”至“在南”。
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)“西(xi)(xi)壁(bi)(bi),堂之西(xi)(xi)墙下(xia)”者,案上经云(yun):“主妇视饎,爨于西(xi)(xi)堂下(xia)。”逼(bi)西(xi)(xi)壁(bi)(bi)为之,故以旧(jiu)(jiu)说辨之也。“旧(jiu)(jiu)说”者,案《尔雅·释(shi)宫》曰(yue):“檐谓(wei)之樀。”孙氏云(yun):谓(wei)室梠(lv)。周人谓(wei)之梠(lv),齐人谓(wei)之檐,谓(wei)承(cheng)檐行(xing)材。《士(shi)丧(sang)礼》铭(ming)“置于宇西(xi)(xi)阶上”,郑注云(yun)“宇,梠(lv)”是也。

肵俎(zu),心(xin)、舌皆去本末,午割(ge)(ge)之,实于牲(sheng)鼎,载,心(xin)立,舌缩俎(zu)。午割(ge)(ge),从横割(ge)(ge)之,亦勿(wu)没。立,缩顺其牲(sheng),心(xin)舌知食(shi)味者,欲尸之飨此(ci)祭,是以进之。

[疏]注“午割”至“进之”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)“载,心(xin)立,舌(she)(she)缩(suo)(suo)俎”者(zhe),《少(shao)牢(lao)》云(yun):“舌(she)(she)皆(jie)切本末,亦午(wu)割(ge)勿没(mei),其载于肵,横之。”此(ci)言缩(suo)(suo)俎者(zhe),彼言横,据(ju)(ju)俎上云(yun)为(wei)横,此(ci)言缩(suo)(suo),据(ju)(ju)乡人为(wei)缩(suo)(suo),是以《少(shao)牢(lao)》云(yun)“皆(jie)进下”是也。云(yun)“亦勿没(mei)”者(zhe),亦《少(shao)牢(lao)》文,谓(wei)四面(mian)皆(jie)乡中(zhong)央割(ge)之,不绝中(zhong)央少(shao)许,谓(wei)之勿没(mei)也。

宾与长兄弟之(zhi)荐(jian)自东(dong)(dong)房,其馀在东(dong)(dong)堂。东(dong)(dong)堂,东(dong)(dong)夹之(zhi)前,近南(nan)。

[疏]注“东堂”至“近南”。
  ○释曰:“其馀”,谓众(zhong)宾兄弟之荐也(ye)。

沃尸盥者一人(ren)。奉槃者东面(mian),执匜(yi)者西面(mian)淳(chun)(chun)沃,执巾(jin)者在(zai)匜(yi)北。匜(yi)北,执匜(yi)之(zhi)北,亦西面(mian)。每事各一人(ren),淳(chun)(chun)沃,稍注之(zhi)。今(jin)文淳(chun)(chun)作激(ji)。宗(zong)(zong)人(ren)东面(mian)取(qu)巾(jin),振之(zhi)三(san),南面(mian)授尸,卒(zu),执巾(jin)者受。宗(zong)(zong)人(ren)代授巾(jin),庭长尊。尸入,主人(ren)及宾皆(jie)避位,出(chu)亦如(ru)之(zhi)。避位,逡遁。

嗣(si)举奠,佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)设豆、盐。肝宜盐也。佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi),当(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi)则(ze)户外南面,无事(shi)(shi)则(ze)中庭(ting)北面。当(dang)(dang)事(shi)(shi),将有事(shi)(shi)而未(wei)至。凡祝呼(hu),佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)许诺(nuo)。呼(hu)犹(you)命也。宗(zong)人,献(xian)与(yu)旅齿於(wu)众宾。尊(zun)庭(ting)长,齿从其齿幼之次。佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi),於(wu)旅齿於(wu)兄弟。

尊两壶于房(fang)中(zhong)西墉下(xia),南(nan)上。为妇人(ren)旅也,其尊之节亚西方。

[疏]注“为妇”至“西方”。
  ○释曰:先尊东(dong)方(fang)者(zhe),亦(yi)惠由之(zhi)(zhi)也。西方(fang)虽是宾,以其(qi)男子,故在前设尊。此(ci)处为房(fang)(fang)内(nei)妇(fu)人设尊,故知(zhi)亚次西方(fang)。又经云(yun)“尊两壶(hu)于阼阶东(dong)”,又云(yun)“西方(fang)亦(yi)如之(zhi)(zhi)”,明其(qi)相亚次。此(ci)房(fang)(fang)内(nei)妇(fu)人之(zhi)(zhi)尊,上文不见者(zhe),异之(zhi)(zhi)於妇(fu)人。

内(nei)宾立(li)于其北(bei),东面(mian)(mian)西(xi)上(shang)(shang),宗妇(fu)(fu)北(bei)堂东面(mian)(mian)北(bei)上(shang)(shang)。二者(zhe)所谓(wei)内(nei)兄弟。内(nei)宾,姑姊妹也。宗妇(fu)(fu),族人之妇(fu)(fu),其夫属于所祭为子孙。或南(nan)上(shang)(shang),或北(bei)上(shang)(shang),宗妇(fu)(fu)宜(yi)统於主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu),主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)南(nan)面(mian)(mian)。北(bei)堂,中房而(er)北(bei)。

[疏]注“二者”至“而北”。
  ○释曰:言“所(suo)(suo)谓”者(zhe)(zhe),上(shang)(shang)经云“主(zhu)人洗,献(xian)内兄弟(di)于(yu)房中(zhong),如献(xian)众兄弟(di)之(zhi)仪”是也(ye)(ye)。云“其(qi)夫(fu)属(shu)于(yu)所(suo)(suo)祭为(wei)子(zi)孙(sun)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)在(zai)父行,则(ze)谓之(zhi)为(wei)母(mu),今言宗妇,则(ze)其(qi)夫(fu)属(shu)於所(suo)(suo)祭死者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)子(zi)孙(sun)之(zhi)妻皆称妇也(ye)(ye)。云“或南(nan)(nan)上(shang)(shang),或北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang)”,云内宾、姑姊妹、宾客(ke)之(zhi)类南(nan)(nan)上(shang)(shang),自取《曲礼》云:“东(dong)乡、西乡,以(yi)南(nan)(nan)方为(wei)上(shang)(shang)。”宗妇虽东(dong)乡,取统于(yu)主(zhu)妇,故(gu)(gu)北(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang),主(zhu)妇南(nan)(nan)面故(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)。云“北(bei)(bei)堂,中(zhong)房而北(bei)(bei)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓房中(zhong)半已北(bei)(bei)为(wei)北(bei)(bei)堂也(ye)(ye)。

主妇(fu)(fu)(fu)及内宾(bin)、宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)亦(yi)旅,西(xi)面。西(xi)面者,异於(wu)(wu)(wu)献(xian)也(ye)。男子献(xian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)堂上,旅於(wu)(wu)(wu)堂下(xia)。妇(fu)(fu)(fu)人献(xian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)南(nan)面,旅於(wu)(wu)(wu)西(xi)面。内宾(bin)象(xiang)众宾(bin),宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)象(xiang)兄弟,其(qi)节(jie)与其(qi)仪依男子也(ye)。主妇(fu)(fu)(fu)酬内宾(bin)之长,酌奠(dian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)荐左。内宾(bin)之长坐取(qu)(qu)奠(dian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)右。宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之娣妇(fu)(fu)(fu),举(ju)觯(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)姒(si)妇(fu)(fu)(fu),亦(yi)如之。内宾(bin)之长坐取(qu)(qu)奠(dian)觯(zhi),酬宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之姒(si),交错(cuo)以辩。宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之姒(si)亦(yi)取(qu)(qu)奠(dian)觯(zhi),酬内宾(bin)之长,交错(cuo)以辩。内宾(bin)之少者,宗(zong)(zong)妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之娣妇(fu)(fu)(fu),各举(ju)奠(dian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)其(qi)长,并(bing)行交错(cuo),无筭(suan)。其(qi)拜及饮者,皆西(xi)面,主妇(fu)(fu)(fu)之东南(nan)。

[疏]注“西面”至“东南”。
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“西(xi)面(mian)者(zhe)(zhe),异於(wu)(wu)献(xian)也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)受献(xian)时(shi)南(nan)面(mian)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“男(nan)子献(xian)於(wu)(wu)堂上(shang),旅(lv)於(wu)(wu)堂下”者(zhe)(zhe),见上(shang)经。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“妇(fu)(fu)人献(xian)於(wu)(wu)南(nan)面(mian),旅(lv)於(wu)(wu)西(xi)面(mian)”者(zhe)(zhe),见於(wu)(wu)《有(you)司彻(che)》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)节与其(qi)仪依(yi)男(nan)子也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),谓依(yi)上(shang)经旅(lv)酬(chou)及(ji)无(wu)筭爵,早晚行事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节,皆依(yi)男(nan)子也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)酬(chou)内宾(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang),酌(zhuo)奠(dian)於(wu)(wu)荐(jian)左内,宾(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)坐(zuo)取(qu)奠(dian)于(yu)右(you)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)约(yue)上(shang)经主(zhu)人洗觯(zhi)(zhi),酌(zhuo)于(yu)西(xi)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊,西(xi)阶(jie)前(qian)酬(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)时(shi),主(zhu)人奠(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)荐(jian)北,宾(bin)(bin)(bin)坐(zuo)取(qu)觯(zhi)(zhi),奠(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)荐(jian)南(nan)是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“宗妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣妇(fu)(fu),举觯(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其(qi)姒妇(fu)(fu),亦(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)亦(yi)约(yue)上(shang)经兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)弟(di)(di)子洗酌(zhuo)于(yu)东(dong)方(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊,阼阶(jie)前(qian)北面(mian)举觯(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di),如(ru)主(zhu)人酬(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)仪是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“内宾(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)坐(zuo)取(qu)奠(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi)酬(chou)宗妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姒,交错以(yi)辩”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)亦(yi)上(shang)经正(zheng)(zheng)行旅(lv)酬(chou)节,宾(bin)(bin)(bin)坐(zuo)取(qu)觯(zhi)(zhi),阼阶(jie)前(qian)北面(mian)酬(chou)长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)交错以(yi)辩,皆如(ru)初仪是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“宗妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)姒亦(yi)取(qu)奠(dian)觯(zhi)(zhi),酬(chou)内宾(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang),交错以(yi)辩”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)亦(yi)约(yue)旅(lv)酬(chou)节,云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)长(zhang)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)酬(chou)宾(bin)(bin)(bin),如(ru)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)酬(chou)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)仪,以(yi)辩,卒受者(zhe)(zhe)实觯(zhi)(zhi)于(yu)篚是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“内宾(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)少者(zhe)(zhe),宗妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)娣妇(fu)(fu),各举觯(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其(qi)长(zhang)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)亦(yi)约(yue)上(shang)经正(zheng)(zheng)行无(wu)筭爵时(shi),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)弟(di)(di)子及(ji)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)弟(di)(di)子各酌(zhuo)于(yu)其(qi)尊,举觯(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)其(qi)长(zhang),下云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“爵皆无(wu)筭”是(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)拜及(ji)饮者(zhe)(zhe),皆西(xi)面(mian),主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)东(dong)南(nan)”者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)经云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦(yi)旅(lv),西(xi)面(mian)”,故(gu)知其(qi)拜受及(ji)拜受饮皆西(xi)面(mian)。又亦(yi)旅(lv)酬(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法,饮皆西(xi)面(mian),知在(zai)主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)东(dong)南(nan)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)不背主(zhu)妇(fu)(fu),又得邪(xie)角相向也(ye)。

宗妇赞荐者,执(zhi)以坐于户外,授主妇。

尸(shi)卒食(shi),而祭(ji)饎爨(cuan)、雍(yong)爨(cuan)。雍(yong),孰肉。以(yi)尸(shi)享(xiang)祭(ji),灶有(you)功也。旧说云:宗妇祭(ji)饎爨(cuan),享(xiang)者祭(ji)雍(yong)爨(cuan),用黍(shu)肉而已,无笾豆(dou)俎。《礼器》曰:“燔(fan)燎於(wu)爨(cuan)。夫爨(cuan)者,老妇之(zhi)祭(ji),盛於(wu)盆(pen),尊於(wu)瓶。”

[疏]注“雍孰”至“於瓶”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“亨”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则《周礼(li)(li)(li)》亨人之官,其职(zhi)主实(shi)镬水爨亨之事,以供外内饔(yong),故使之祭(ji)饔(yong)爨也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“用黍肉而已(yi),无笾(bian)豆俎”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦(yi)约《礼(li)(li)(li)器》云(yun)(yun)“盆瓶(ping)(ping)”知之。引《礼(li)(li)(li)器》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案彼云(yun)(yun):孔子曰:“臧文仲焉知礼(li)(li)(li),燔(fan)柴(chai)於奥(ao)。”郑注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“奥(ao)当为(wei)爨,字之误也(ye)(ye)(ye),或(huo)作灶。礼(li)(li)(li)尸(shi),卒(zu)食而祭(ji),饎爨,雍(yong)爨也(ye)(ye)(ye),时人以为(wei)祭(ji)火(huo)(huo)神,乃燔(fan)柴(chai)。”又云(yun)(yun)“夫爨者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),老妇之祭(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye),盛於盆,尊(zun)於瓶(ping)(ping)”,注(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“老妇,先炊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。盆、瓶(ping)(ping),炊器也(ye)(ye)(ye)。明此祭(ji)先炊,非(fei)祭(ji)火(huo)(huo)神,燔(fan)柴(chai)似失之。”引之者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证祭(ji)元缺止此爨之事也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

宾从尸(shi)(shi)(shi),俎(zu)(zu)出(chu)庙(miao)门,乃反位。宾从尸(shi)(shi)(shi),送尸(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)。士之(zhi)(zhi)助(zhu)祭,终其事也(ye)。俎(zu)(zu),尸(shi)(shi)(shi)俎(zu)(zu)也(ye),宾既送尸(shi)(shi)(shi),复(fu)入反位者,宜(yi)与(yu)主人为礼,乃去之(zhi)(zhi)。

[疏]注“宾从”至“去之”。
  ○释曰:“云士之助祭,终其(qi)事(shi)(shi)也”者,谓送尸为终其(qi)事(shi)(shi)。既送尸,为终其(qi)事(shi)(shi),则更(geng)无傧(bin)(bin)尸之礼。若上大(da)夫有傧(bin)(bin)尸者,尸出,宾(bin)不送,以其(qi)事(shi)(shi)终於傧(bin)(bin)尸故也。

尸俎(zu)(zu)(zu):右(you)肩、臂、臑、肫、胳,正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)二骨,横(heng)脊(ji)(ji),长胁二骨,短胁。尸俎(zu)(zu)(zu),神(shen)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)也。士之正(zheng)(zheng)祭礼九体,贬於(wu)大(da)夫(fu),有(you)并骨二,亦得十一之名,合《少牢(lao)》之体数,此(ci)所谓放而不(bu)致者(zhe)。凡俎(zu)(zu)(zu)实之数奇(qi),脊(ji)(ji)无中,胁无前,贬於(wu)尊者(zhe),不(bu)贬正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji),不(bu)夺正(zheng)(zheng)也。正(zheng)(zheng)脊(ji)(ji)二骨,长胁二骨者(zhe),将举(ju)於(wu)尸,尸食未饱(bao),不(bu)欲空神(shen)俎(zu)(zu)(zu)。

[疏]注“尸俎”至“神俎”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“亦(yi)(yi)得十一(yi)之名,合《少牢(lao)》之体(ti)数”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓《少牢(lao)》正体(ti)之数十一(yi),若牢(lao)并骨并数则(ze)十七。郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“此所(suo)谓放(fang)而(er)不(bu)(bu)致”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),致,至也(ye)(ye)(ye),所(suo)谓《礼器》彼郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“谓若诸侯自山(shan)龙(long)(long)以下,皆有(you)放(fang)象。”诸侯山(shan)龙(long)(long)以下,至日月(yue)星辰,卿大夫又不(bu)(bu)山(shan)龙(long)(long),此士并骨二(er)数,乃得十一(yi),除此唯九(jiu)(jiu)而(er)已,亦(yi)(yi)是(shi)放(fang)而(er)不(bu)(bu)至也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡俎(zu)(zu)实之数奇”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),有(you)九(jiu)(jiu),有(you)七,有(you)五(wu),是(shi)奇数。以其鼎俎(zu)(zu)奇,故实数亦(yi)(yi)奇而(er)相(xiang)称也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)无中,胁(xie)无前,贬(bian)於(wu)尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)贬(bian)正脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),不(bu)(bu)夺正也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以《少牢(lao)》大夫礼三脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)胁(xie)具有(you),此但有(you)二(er)体(ti),贬(bian)於(wu)大夫。大夫即尊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)等,贬(bian)牲体(ti)不(bu)(bu)贬(bian)正脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)夺其正。长胁(xie)亦(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)贬(bian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),义与(yu)正脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)同。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“正脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)二(er)骨,长胁(xie)二(er)骨者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),将举於(wu)尸(shi)(shi),尸(shi)(shi)食未(wei)饱,不(bu)(bu)欲空神(shen)俎(zu)(zu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)与(yu)胁(xie)二(er)骨,本为馔厌饫所(suo)设(she)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又次尸(shi)(shi)既举脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)胁(xie),而(er)犹有(you)脊(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)胁(xie)在,既不(bu)(bu)空神(shen)俎(zu)(zu),义得两施。

肤三(san),为(wei)籑用(yong)二,厌饫一也。

离(li)肺一(yi),离(li)犹扌奎也。小而长(zhang),午割之,亦(yi)不提心,谓(wei)之举(ju)肺。

[疏]“离肺一”。
  ○注“离犹”至“举肺”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)“亦不提(ti)(ti)心”者(zhe),言“亦”,谓亦《少仪(yi)》云(yun)“牛(niu)羊之(zhi)肺,离而不提(ti)(ti)心”,郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)“提(ti)(ti)犹绝也(ye),扌(shou)奎离之(zhi)不绝中央少许(xu)者(zhe)”是也(ye)。

刌肺三,为尸主(zhu)(zhu)人主(zhu)(zhu)妇祭。今文刌为切(qie)。

鱼(yu)十(shi)(shi)有(you)五(wu),鱼(yu),水物(wu),以(yi)头枚数,阴中之物(wu),取数於月十(shi)(shi)有(you)五(wu)日而(er)盈。《少牢(lao)馈食礼(li)》亦云(yun):“十(shi)(shi)有(you)五(wu)而(er)俎。”尊卑同。此所谓经而(er)等也。

[疏]注“鱼水”至“等也”。
  ○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“鱼,水物,以(yi)头枚(mei)数(shu)”者,对三(san)牲与腊(la)以(yi)体数(shu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“取数(shu)於月十有五(wu)日而(er)(er)盈”者,案《礼运》云(yun)月“三(san)五(wu)而(er)(er)盈,三(san)五(wu)而(er)(er)阙”,文出於彼也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“此所(suo)谓经而(er)(er)等”者,亦(yi)(yi)所(suo)谓《礼器》彼郑注云(yun)“谓若天子以(yi)下至士(shi)庶人为父(fu)母三(san)年”是也(ye)(ye)。引之者,谓鱼数(shu)亦(yi)(yi)尊卑同也(ye)(ye)。

腊如牲(sheng)骨(gu)。不但言体,以有一骨(gu)二(er)骨(gu)者。

[疏]注“不但”至“骨者”。
  ○释曰(yue):云“不但(dan)言体(ti)(ti),以有一(yi)骨(gu)(gu)二骨(gu)(gu)者”,若但(dan)言体(ti)(ti),体(ti)(ti)有九,有十一(yi),则不兼(jian)二骨(gu)(gu)者。若言牲骨(gu)(gu),则一(yi)骨(gu)(gu)二骨(gu)(gu)兼(jian)在其中,故直“言如牲骨(gu)(gu)”也。

祝俎(zu):脾(pi)脡(ting),脊二骨,胁二骨,凡接於神及尸者(zhe),俎(zu)不过(guo)牲三体(ti),以《特牲》约,加其(qi)可(ke)并者(zhe)二,亦得奇名。《少牢馈食礼(li)》羊(yang)豕各三体(ti)。

[疏]“祝俎”至“二骨”。
  ○注“凡接”至“三体”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“祝(zhu)俎(zu)(zu)”,直(zhi)云(yun)(yun)“胁二骨”,谓代胁也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)尸(shi)(shi)(shi)俎(zu)(zu)无(wu)(wu)脡脊,祝(zhu)则有(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),尸(shi)(shi)(shi)俎(zu)(zu)无(wu)(wu)代胁,祝(zhu)俎(zu)(zu)有(you)代胁可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)接(jie)於神及尸(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),俎(zu)(zu)不(bu)(bu)过(guo)牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)三(san)体(ti),以(yi)(yi)(yi)《特牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》约,加(jia)(jia)其(qi)可(ke)(ke)并(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二,亦(yi)得奇名”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)“凡(fan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),凡(fan)祝(zhu)、佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)、宾(bin)长(zhang)、长(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)、宗人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。接(jie)神者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓祝(zhu)与佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi),佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)尸(shi)(shi)(shi)未(wei)入为(wei)(wei)神,设俎(zu)(zu)却会(hui),祝(zhu)酌奠於鉶南,故(gu)(gu)曰接(jie)神也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。接(jie)尸(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),宾(bin)为(wei)(wei)三(san)献(xian),长(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)(jia)爵(jue)(jue),尸(shi)(shi)(shi)盥,宗人授(shou)巾,皆是(shi)与尸(shi)(shi)(shi)相接(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。知(zhi)皆三(san)体(ti)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),下“佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)俎(zu)(zu)觳折(zhe)脊胁”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),“宾(bin)骼,长(zhang)兄弟(di)(di)及宗人折(zhe),其(qi)馀如佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)俎(zu)(zu)”,故(gu)(gu)知(zhi)皆三(san)体(ti)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。众(zhong)宾(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长(zhang)亦(yi)有(you)加(jia)(jia)爵(jue)(jue),接(jie)於尸(shi)(shi)(shi)亦(yi)应三(san)体(ti),下文(wen)但(dan)言(yan)兄弟(di)(di)及宗人,而众(zhong)宾(bin)长(zhang)亦(yi)在(zai)焉可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)下文(wen)直(zhi)云(yun)(yun)“众(zhong)宾(bin)及众(zhong)兄弟(di)(di)皆殽脀(cheng)”,注云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)备三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),贱”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。则众(zhong)宾(bin)长(zhang)为(wei)(wei)加(jia)(jia)爵(jue)(jue),不(bu)(bu)在(zai)贱限(xian),以(yi)(yi)(yi)《特牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》约加(jia)(jia),其(qi)可(ke)(ke)并(bing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)二骨者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)尊祝(zhu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),佐(zuo)(zuo)食(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),已下卑(bei)无(wu)(wu)加(jia)(jia),故(gu)(gu)下注云(yun)(yun)“三(san)体(ti),卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)从正”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)《少牢馈食(shi)(shi)礼》羊豕各三(san)体(ti)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)《少牢》二牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),故(gu)(gu)祝(zhu)俎(zu)(zu)无(wu)(wu)加(jia)(jia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),直(zhi)三(san)体(ti)。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)证此《特牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)》约三(san)体(ti)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外加(jia)(jia)其(qi)并(bing)骨也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然,俎(zu)(zu)实(shi)奇数,二牲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)各三(san)体(ti),共六体(ti),不(bu)(bu)奇者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),通(tong)腊髀(bi)为(wei)(wei)七,则亦(yi)奇数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)腊既两(liang)髀(bi)属(shu)于尻,不(bu)(bu)殊,故(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)一体(ti)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

肤一,离肺一。阼俎:臂,正脊(ji)二骨,横脊(ji),长胁二骨,短胁,主(zhu)人尊,欲其体(ti)得祝之加数。五体(ti),又加其可(ke)并者(zhe)二,亦得奇(qi)名。臂,左体(ti)臂。

[疏]“肤一”至“短胁”。
  ○注“主人”至“体臂”。
  ○释曰:云(yun)“臂,左体臂”者,以其尸(shi)用右(you)(you),不(bu)云(yun)折,明(ming)(ming)全升主人。又云(yun)臂,明(ming)(ming)左臂可知。胁骨多(duo),不(bu)嫌得与(yu)尸(shi)同用右(you)(you)体,犹脊(ji)然也。

肤(fu)一,离肺(fei)一。主妇(fu)俎(zu):觳折,觳,后足(zu)。折,分后右足(zu)以为(wei)佐食俎(zu),不分左(zuo)臑折,辟大夫妻(qi)。古文觳皆(jie)作穀。

[疏]注“觳后”至“作穀”。
  ○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)(yun)“觳(hu),后(hou)(hou)(hou)足(zu)(zu)”者(zhe),案《既夕》记(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“明(ming)衣裳,长及觳(hu)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“觳(hu),足(zu)(zu)跗也。”是觳(hu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)足(zu)(zu)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“分后(hou)(hou)(hou)右足(zu)(zu),以为(wei)佐食俎”者(zhe),经不(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)后(hou)(hou)(hou)右足(zu)(zu),郑(zheng)知(zhi)者(zhe),以《少牢》主妇(fu)用(yong)(yong)左(zuo)臑,此士(shi)妻辟之,不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)左(zuo)臑,用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)右足(zu)(zu),不(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)左(zuo)足(zu)(zu),左(zuo)足(zu)(zu)大卑(bei),故(gu)知(zhi)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)右足(zu)(zu)。故(gu)知(zhi)用(yong)(yong)后(hou)(hou)(hou)右足(zu)(zu),故(gu)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“辟大夫妻”也。

其馀如(ru)阼俎。馀,谓脊、胁、肤、肺。

佐食俎:觳折,脊,胁,三体,卑者从正。

[疏]“佐食”至“脊胁”。
  ○注“三体卑者从正”。
  ○释曰:直云“脊(ji)胁(xie)”,不定体名,欲见得便用之。《少牢》佐食,“俎设于两阶之閒(xian),其俎折(zhe)一肤(fu)”,郑注云:“折(zhe)者,择取牢正体,馀骨(gu)折(zhe)分用之,有(you)脀(cheng)而无荐,亦远下尸。”是无定体也。

肤一,离肺一。宾,骼。长(zhang)兄弟及(ji)宗人(ren),折(zhe)(zhe)。其馀(yu)如(ru)佐食俎。骼,左骼也(ye)。宾俎全体(ti),尊宾。不用尊体(ti),为其已甚,卑(bei)而全之,其宜可也(ye)。长(zhang)兄弟及(ji)宗人(ren)折(zhe)(zhe),不言所分,略之。

[疏]注“骼左”至“略之”。
  ○释曰:知(zhi)(zhi)骼(ge)是左(zuo)骼(ge)者,以其尸用右骼(ge),故知(zhi)(zhi)宾所(suo)用骼(ge)是左(zuo)骼(ge)可知(zhi)(zhi)也。云(yun)“长兄弟及宗人折,不言所(suo)分(fen),略之”者,此决上文主(zhu)妇俎(zu)觳折,佐(zuo)食俎(zu)亦名(ming)觳折,此不言所(suo)分(fen),故知(zhi)(zhi)略之也。

众宾(bin)及众兄(xiong)弟、内(nei)宾(bin)、宗妇,若有公(gong)有司(si)(si)、私臣,皆(jie)殽(yao)脀,又略。此所(suo)折骨,直破(po)折馀体可(ke)殽(yao)者(zhe)(zhe)升(sheng)之俎,一而(er)已。不(bu)备(bei)三者(zhe)(zhe),贱。祭礼,接神(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)贵。凡(fan)骨有肉曰(yue)殽(yao)。《祭统(tong)》曰(yue):“凡(fan)为俎者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)骨为主。”贵者(zhe)(zhe)取贵骨,贱者(zhe)(zhe)取贱骨。贵者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)重(zhong),贱者(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)虚,示均(jun)也。俎者(zhe)(zhe),所(suo)以(yi)明惠之必均(jun)也。善(shan)为政者(zhe)(zhe)如(ru)此,故曰(yue)见政事之均(jun)焉。公(gong)有司(si)(si)亦士之属(shu),命(ming)於君(jun)者(zhe)(zhe)也。私臣,自己(ji)所(suo)辟除者(zhe)(zhe)。

[疏]注“又略”至“除者”。
  ○释曰:云“又略(lve)”者(zhe),上(shang)文长(zhang)兄弟(di)及宗(zong)人(ren)直(zhi)言(yan)“折(zhe)(zhe)”,不(bu)(bu)言(yan)所折(zhe)(zhe)骨(gu)体(ti),已(yi)是略(lve)。此(ci)又不(bu)(bu)言(yan)折(zhe)(zhe)而(er)言(yan)“殽脀(cheng)”,是又略(lve)也(ye)。言(yan)此(ci)所折(zhe)(zhe)骨(gu),值有(you)馀体(ti),即破之(zhi)可也(ye)。云“祭礼,接神(shen)者(zhe)贵”者(zhe),谓(wei)长(zhang)兄弟(di)及宗(zong)人(ren)已(yi)上(shang)俎皆(jie)三,皆(jie)有(you)哜(ji)肺,以接神(shen)及尸(shi)(shi)(shi)贵,故(gu)三体(ti),不(bu)(bu)止接神(shen),尸(shi)(shi)(shi),神(shen)象(xiang)。所接尸(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe),亦(yi)贵可知。自众宾已(yi)下,折(zhe)(zhe)体(ti)而(er)已(yi),不(bu)(bu)接尸(shi)(shi)(shi),神(shen)贱(jian)无献(xian)故(gu)也(ye)。宗(zong)人(ren)虽(sui)不(bu)(bu)献(xian),执巾以授(shou)尸(shi)(shi)(shi),亦(yi)名接尸(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)。引《祭统》者(zhe),见贵贱(jian)皆(jie)有(you)骨(gu),示均之(zhi)义。云“己所辟除”者(zhe),则府史(shi)之(zhi)等(deng)不(bu)(bu)命於君者(zhe)也(ye)。

肤一,离肺一。

公有司(si)门(men)西,北面(mian)东上(shang),献次众宾。私臣门(men)东,北面(mian)西上(shang),献次兄(xiong)弟。升受,降(jiang)饮。献在后(hou)者(zhe),贱也(ye)。祭(ji)祀(si)有上(shang)事者(zhe),贵(gui)之,亦(yi)皆与旅。

[疏]注“献在”至“与旅”。
  ○释曰:公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)后,私(si)(si)臣(chen)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)后,故(gu)云(yun)(yun)“献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贱(jian)也”。云(yun)(yun)“祭祀有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)次宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卑(bei),得献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),择取(qu)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)可(ke)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)前举鼎匕载羞从献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),择取(qu)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)酬(chou)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属。如此(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),门外在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)群执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)中(zhong),入(ru)门列在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)东(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),馀者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)门西(xi)(xi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)也。兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)虽无(wu)上事(shi),亦皆(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)面(mian)(mian)位(wei)(wei)(wei),族亲故(gu)也。私(si)(si)臣(chen)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)后者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),职贱(jian),公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)后,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)贱(jian)於(wu)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),故(gu)曰有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)上事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)贵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)与(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)齿(chi)(chi)於(wu)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),则公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食,於(wu)旅(lv)(lv)齿(chi)(chi)於(wu)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di),则私(si)(si)臣(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)择为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)使为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食也。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前文“佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian),立于(yu)中(zhong)庭”,注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)“佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食,宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)尸食者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”是(shi)也。案(an)(an)(an)前宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)得献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),“荐(jian)脯醢,设(she)(she)(she)折俎”,注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)设(she)(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”及(ji)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)荐(jian)脀(cheng),注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“私(si)(si)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”与(yu)(yu)(yu)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)使执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),云(yun)(yun)非执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)受(shou)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)得自设(she)(she)(she)俎,暂使二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)设(she)(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),非本执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。然则公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)私(si)(si)臣(chen)荐(jian)俎,皆(jie)使徒隶为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)?云(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)与(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),上宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)旅(lv)(lv),云(yun)(yun)齿(chi)(chi)於(wu)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食旅(lv)(lv),齿(chi)(chi)於(wu)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。是(shi)但言献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)次,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言旅(lv)(lv),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)佐(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)食,约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)旅(lv)(lv)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),亦此(ci)(ci)二人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)也。若天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)祭祀,其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)无(wu)文,此(ci)(ci)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)门西(xi)(xi),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)东(dong)(dong)上,私(si)(si)臣(chen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)门东(dong)(dong),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)西(xi)(xi)上。天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)祭祀,可(ke)依(yi)此(ci)(ci)位(wei)(wei)(wei)矣。同姓(xing)无(wu)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)阼(zuo)阶(jie)前西(xi)(xi)面(mian)(mian)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上,卿西(xi)(xi)阶(jie)前东(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上。大夫(fu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)门东(dong)(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian),士(shi)门西(xi)(xi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian),旅(lv)(lv)食在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)其(qi)(qi)后。《少牢(lao)》下篇(pian)云(yun)(yun)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)位(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)门东(dong)(dong),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)面(mian)(mian)。既献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)阶(jie)西(xi)(xi)南,众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)继上宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)而(er)南。天(tian)(tian)(tian)子(zi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)或依(yi)此(ci)(ci)与(yu)(yu)(yu)?案(an)(an)(an)《祭统(tong)(tong)》云(yun)(yun):“凡赐爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue),眧为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi),穆为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)。昭(zhao)(zhao)与(yu)(yu)(yu)昭(zhao)(zhao)齿(chi)(chi),穆与(yu)(yu)(yu)穆齿(chi)(chi)。凡群有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)齿(chi)(chi)。此(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓(wei)(wei)长(zhang)幼有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)序。”此(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)见昭(zhao)(zhao)穆位(wei)(wei)(wei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)非昭(zhao)(zhao)穆乎(hu)?故(gu)彼注(zhu)(zhu)昭(zhao)(zhao)穆,犹(you)《特牲》、《少牢(lao)馈食之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼》主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)也。群有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)犹(you)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),下及(ji)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),君赐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue),谓(wei)(wei)若酬(chou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是(shi)也。若其(qi)(qi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)序之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),何故(gu)然也?案(an)(an)(an)《文王世子(zi)》其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)外朝则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)官(guan),其(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)宗(zong)庙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong),则如外朝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)授事(shi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)官(guan),是(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)姓(xing)。其(qi)(qi)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)官(guan),故(gu)《祭统(tong)(tong)》云(yun)(yun)“尸饮(yin)五,君洗(xi)玉爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卿;尸饮(yin)七(qi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)瑶爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)大夫(fu);尸饮(yin)九(jiu),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)散爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)士(shi)及(ji)群有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)齿(chi)(chi),明尊卑(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等”是(shi)也。其(qi)(qi)酬(chou),盖(gai)因此(ci)(ci)位(wei)(wei)(wei)而(er)昭(zhao)(zhao)穆得献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),盖(gai)依(yi)《少牢(lao)》下篇(pian):“主(zhu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)洗(xi)升,酌献(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)阼(zuo)阶(jie)上。”注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)长(zhang)幼立饮(yin)贱(jian),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)别(bie)大夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin),尊於(wu)兄(xiong)(xiong)弟(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)。”又曰:“辨受(shou)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue),其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)洗(xi)东(dong)(dong),西(xi)(xi)面(mian)(mian)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上。升受(shou)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue),其(qi)(qi)荐(jian)脀(cheng)设(she)(she)(she)于(yu)其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)。”注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun):“先著其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)於(wu)上,乃后云(yun)(yun)荐(jian)脀(cheng)设(she)(she)(she)于(yu)其(qi)(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei),明位(wei)(wei)(wei)初(chu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)是(shi)也。”此(ci)(ci)中(zhong)皆(jie)无(wu)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)差之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),知无(wu)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)从昭(zhao)(zhao)穆,有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)爵(jue)(jue)(jue)(jue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)则以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)官(guan)矣。乡释执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),贵即众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)无(wu)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、私(si)(si)臣(chen),注(zhu)(zhu)《祭统(tong)(tong)》云(yun)(yun)“群有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)犹(you)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)下及(ji)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,似(si)众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),言“下及(ji)”,殊卑(bei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),指谓(wei)(wei)公有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)、私(si)(si)臣(chen),是(shi)亦得名为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。言众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)据尊言,谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),或众(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)(bin)中(zhong)容有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)执(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也。

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