爱上海

卷十九 十九之一

　　◎清庙之什诂训(xun)传第二十六

周颂谱《周颂》者，周室成功致太平德洽之诗。其作在周公摄政、成王即位之初。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：言(yan)(yan)(yan)致太(tai)平(ping)德(de)洽(qia)，即(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。据天下(xia)(xia)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)太(tai)平(ping)德(de)洽(qia)，据王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)室言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)功(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)治定。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)功(gong)既(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，德(de)流(liu)兆庶(shu)，下(xia)(xia)民(min)(min)歌(ge)其(qi)(qi)德(de)泽，即(ji)是(shi)(shi)颂(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)矣。然(ran)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)自文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受命(ming)(ming)，武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐纣，虽(sui)屡有丰(feng)年(nian)(nian)，未(wei)为(wei)(wei)德(de)洽(qia)。及成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)嗣位(wei)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)摄政，修文王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)，定武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)烈(lie)，干戈既(ji)息(xi)，嘉(jia)(jia)瑞(rui)毕臻(zhen)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)太(tai)平(ping)德(de)洽(qia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《书(shu)叙(xu)》“既(ji)黜(chu)殷命(ming)(ming)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，云(yun)(yun)“唐(tang)叔(shu)得禾，异(yi)亩同(tong)颖。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)命(ming)(ming)唐(tang)叔(shu)，归(gui)公(gong)(gong)(gong)於(wu)(wu)东。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)旅(lv)天子(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)《嘉(jia)(jia)禾》。”是(shi)(shi)摄政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)(chu)，嘉(jia)(jia)禾生也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《书(shu)传(chuan)》曰：“三(san)年(nian)(nian)践奄。”《多方(fang)(fang)》曰：“惟五(wu)月丁亥，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)来自奄。”自此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，无复征伐。《易》注云(yun)(yun)：“行(xing)诛(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)致太(tai)平(ping)，自三(san)年(nian)(nian)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)四(si)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)封(feng)康(kang)叔(shu)，因(yin)欲营洛(luo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)观(guan)(guan)民(min)(min)心。”《康(kang)诰》曰：“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)初(chu)(chu)(chu)基(ji)，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)新大(da)邑於(wu)(wu)东国洛(luo)。四(si)方(fang)(fang)民(min)(min)大(da)和(he)会。”是(shi)(shi)德(de)洽(qia)及民(min)(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)《书(shu)传(chuan)》曰：“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)将(jiang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)，优(you)游之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，三(san)年(nian)(nian)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。君(jun)子(zi)(zi)耻(chi)其(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)而(er)不(bu)(bu)见(jian)从，耻(chi)其(qi)(qi)行(xing)而(er)不(bu)(bu)见(jian)随。将(jiang)大(da)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，恐(kong)天下(xia)(xia)莫我知(zhi)(zhi)；将(jiang)小作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，恐(kong)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)扬父(fu)祖(zu)功(gong)烈(lie)德(de)泽。然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)营洛(luo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)观(guan)(guan)天下(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)心。於(wu)(wu)是(shi)(shi)四(si)方(fang)(fang)诸(zhu)侯，率其(qi)(qi)群(qun)(qun)党，各攻位(wei)於(wu)(wu)其(qi)(qi)庭。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)曰：‘示之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)力(li)役且(qie)犹至(zhi)，况导之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)乎(hu)？’然(ran)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)敢作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)。《书(shu)》曰‘作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)新大(da)邑于东国洛(luo)，四(si)方(fang)(fang)民(min)(min)大(da)和(he)会’，此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”如《书(shu)传(chuan)》此(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，则(ze)(ze)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)三(san)年(nian)(nian)太(tai)平(ping)即(ji)应作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)，但(dan)为(wei)(wei)优(you)游之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)，至(zhi)六年(nian)(nian)乃作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。其(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)自优(you)游未(wei)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，颂(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)乃人志所(suo)为(wei)(wei)，制礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，颂(song)(song)(song)已作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)矣，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)·太(tai)师(shi)》“教六诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，六曰颂(song)(song)(song)”。《乐(le)师(shi)》“帅学士歌(ge)彻”，谓歌(ge)《雍(yong)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。制礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，得取颂(song)(song)(song)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)乐(le)，是(shi)(shi)制礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)有颂(song)(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。制礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，民(min)(min)俗(su)益和(he)，明颂(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)乃作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)可知(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)总云(yun)(yun)：“其(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，在周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)摄政、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)(chu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”史传(chuan)群(qun)(qun)书(shu)称(cheng)“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、康(kang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)间，四(si)十(shi)馀年(nian)(nian)，刑(xing)措不(bu)(bu)用”，则(ze)(ze)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)终世太(tai)平(ping)。正(zheng)言(yan)(yan)(yan)即(ji)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)(chu)者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)即(ji)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)(chu)，礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)新定，其(qi)(qi)咏父(fu)祖(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)业，述时世之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)乐(le)，宏勋盛事(shi)已尽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)无以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)过(guo)此(ci)，采(cai)者(zhe)不(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)复录(lu)。且(qie)检《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)》事(shi)迹，皆不(bu)(bu)过(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)(chu)(chu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)断之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)限(xian)耳，不(bu)(bu)谓其(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)不(bu)(bu)得作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)颂(song)(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)曰“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、康(kang)没而(er)颂(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)寝”，不(bu)(bu)废康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时乃有其(qi)(qi)颂(song)(song)(song)，但(dan)今诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)所(suo)无耳。雅(ya)(ya)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”，颂(song)(song)(song)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)商(shang)(shang)(shang)、鲁也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)》盖孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)所(suo)加(jia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。何则(ze)(ze)？孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)，六诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)并列(lie)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)太(tai)师(shi)教六诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)六诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆别(bie)题也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《书(shu)叙(xu)》列(lie)《虞》、《夏(xia)》、《商(shang)(shang)(shang)》、《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)书(shu)》各为(wei)(wei)一(yi)科，当代(dai)异(yi)其(qi)(qi)第(di)。则(ze)(ze)《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》本亦(yi)当代(dai)为(wei)(wei)别(bie)，《商(shang)(shang)(shang)颂(song)(song)(song)》不(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)》相杂为(wei)(wei)次第(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)虽(sui)六义并列(lie)，要先风、雅(ya)(ya)而(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)颂(song)(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。见(jian)事(shi)相因(yin)渐(jian)为(wei)(wei)，《商(shang)(shang)(shang)颂(song)(song)(song)》不(bu)(bu)得在《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上，閒厕之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《商(shang)(shang)(shang)颂(song)(song)(song)》自以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配乐(le)，当如乐(le)，贵者(zhe)用前(qian)，贱者(zhe)用后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先伐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)，在后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)，必(bi)是(shi)(shi)独行(xing)为(wei)(wei)一(yi)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。《国语》曰：“有正(zheng)考甫者(zhe)，校商(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)颂(song)(song)(song)十(shi)二篇於(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)师(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《那(nei)》为(wei)(wei)首。”若在周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，则(ze)(ze)天下(xia)(xia)所(suo)共，不(bu)(bu)须独校於(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)师(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，明不(bu)(bu)与(yu)(yu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)处(chu)矣。商(shang)(shang)(shang)既(ji)不(bu)(bu)杂於(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，不(bu)(bu)须有所(suo)分(fen)别(bie)，则(ze)(ze)知(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)前(qian)未(wei)题周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)论《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》，雅(ya)(ya)、颂(song)(song)(song)乃次鲁、商(shang)(shang)(shang)於(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示三(san)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，故(gu)(gu)(gu)《鲁谱》云(yun)(yun)：“孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)录(lu)其(qi)(qi)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)，同(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。”《商(shang)(shang)(shang)谱》云(yun)(yun)：“孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)录(lu)诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，列(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)备三(san)颂(song)(song)(song)。”是(shi)(shi)《商(shang)(shang)(shang)颂(song)(song)(song)》者(zhe)，孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)列(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)《诗(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)》末(mo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)有商(shang)(shang)(shang)、鲁须题周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)别(bie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)子(zi)(zi)加(jia)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

颂之言容。天子之德，光被四表，格于上下，无不覆焘，无不持载，此之谓容。於是和乐兴焉，颂声乃作。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)解名(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)容(rong)(rong)(rong)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)状也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“光被四(si)(si)(si)表，格于(yu)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)”，《尧典》文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《左传(chuan)》：“季札见(jian)(jian)舞《韶箫》，曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘德(de)(de)(de)(de)至(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)哉，大(da)矣(yi)！如天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)焘(dao)，如地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)载(zai)(zai)。’”是(shi)(shi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)据(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《尚书(shu)》说(shuo)(shuo)尧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，《左传(chuan)》说(shuo)(shuo)舜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。帝(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，当(dang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)优劣(lie)(lie)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)引尧、舜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，圣(sheng)人示(shi)迹不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)遇异(yi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)号有(you)(you)(you)(you)帝(di)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)优劣(lie)(lie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)乃至(zhi)(zhi)诚尽物(wu)，前(qian)(qian)(qian)圣(sheng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)圣(sheng)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)归(gui)(gui)一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《中(zhong)(zhong)庸》说(shuo)(shuo)孔子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“无(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)覆焘(dao)，无(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)持(chi)载(zai)(zai)”，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)圣(sheng)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“噫嘻(xi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)昭(zhao)假尔(er)”。《书(shu)传(chuan)》说(shuo)(shuo)越(yue)常(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)译(yi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“久矣(yi)，天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)烈(lie)(lie)风(feng)淫(yin)雨(yu)。”《中(zhong)(zhong)候·擿(zhi)雒戒(jie)(jie)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)稽(ji)古(gu)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)旦(dan)，钦惟皇天(tian)(tian)，顺(shun)践(jian)祚即(ji)(ji)(ji)摄(she)(she)(she)七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，鸾凤(feng)见(jian)(jian)，蓂荚(jia)生(sheng)，青龙御甲，玄龟背书(shu)。”是(shi)(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)德(de)(de)(de)(de)光被四(si)(si)(si)表，格于(yu)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，诗(shi)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)声(sheng)(sheng)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)羊传(chuan)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“什一(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)税，颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)由(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君德(de)(de)(de)(de)洽於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)民(min)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)系於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)兴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)系於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)篇，左方中(zhong)(zhong)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)虽(sui)咏往事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，显祖(zu)(zu)(zu)业，昭(zhao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，述(shu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)(gong)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)令(ling)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)述(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)美今(jin)(jin)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)父(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)矣(yi)。但祖(zu)(zu)(zu)父(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，由(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)显，显其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，尽为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，要归(gui)(gui)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)然(ran)，《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，《执竞》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，非(fei)(fei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《那》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)汤，《烈(lie)(lie)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)(zhong)宗(zong)，《玄鸟》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)高宗(zong)，即(ji)(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)治(zhi)平(ping)(ping)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)兴，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)虽(sui)有(you)(you)(you)(you)盛(sheng)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)未(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)。成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)致(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，乃有(you)(you)(you)(you)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，虽(sui)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)当(dang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)(gong)，告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)非(fei)(fei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)殷(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)兴受命(ming)(ming)(ming)，本皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)生(sheng)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)自(zi)(zi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)，但《商书(shu)》残缺，无(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)言(yan)焉(yan)。今(jin)(jin)死而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)系於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)谈，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)废(fei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩(beng)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)追颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，或本不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)录(lu)，今(jin)(jin)《诗(shi)》无(wu)耳。祖(zu)(zu)(zu)父(fu)(fu)未(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)兴，系於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)，《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。祖(zu)(zu)(zu)父(fu)(fu)未(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)未(wei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)，系其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)父(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，《商颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)父(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)俱(ju)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)孙(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，论(lun)父(fu)(fu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)系之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，由(you)(you)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)本意(yi)，无(wu)定(ding)(ding)准(zhun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，述(shu)盛(sheng)德(de)(de)(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)，至(zhi)(zhi)美之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)，因(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)复有(you)(you)(you)(you)借其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)美名(ming)(ming)，因(yin)(yin)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)指所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《駉》颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)僖公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。止(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)德(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)，无(wu)复告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)位(wei)(wei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)敢辄作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，虽(sui)非(fei)(fei)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神，又非(fei)(fei)风(feng)体(ti)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“季孙(sun)行父(fu)(fu)请命(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)史克(ke)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)《鲁颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，尤类(lei)(lei)小雅(ya)，比(bi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《商颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》，体(ti)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)又异(yi)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)三(san)(san)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)虽(sui)同(tong)(tong)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)各(ge)别也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，多(duo)(duo)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，今(jin)(jin)检(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)早(zao)晚(wan)(wan)前(qian)(qian)(qian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，亦(yi)参差不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)。案《赉(lai)》序云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)封(feng)(feng)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)封(feng)(feng)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐纣(zhou)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，封(feng)(feng)诸(zhu)臣(chen)(chen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”宣十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)《左传(chuan)》：“昔武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)克(ke)商而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)：‘载(zai)(zai)戢干戈(ge)，载(zai)(zai)櫜(gao)弓矢。’又作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)三(san)(san)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘铺时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)绎(yi)(yi)思(si)，我(wo)徂惟求定(ding)(ding)。’其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)六(liu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：‘绥(sui)万(wan)(wan)邦，屡(lv)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)。’”其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《般》叙、《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》、《赉(lai)》、《桓(huan)(huan)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《桓(huan)(huan)》说(shuo)(shuo)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐纣(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《般》序言(yan)巡守(shou)(shou)。案《康(kang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诘》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：庶(shu)邦侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、甸、男、卫。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“独举侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、甸、男、卫四(si)(si)(si)服者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)居摄(she)(she)(she)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)，班度量(liang)，至(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)积三(san)(san)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，再巡守(shou)(shou)，馀六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、甸、男、要服正朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。要服国远，既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)遣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。卫服前(qian)(qian)(qian)冬(dong)来(lai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)疾，留之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”如郑此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)六(liu)服咸在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)端(duan)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)乃巡守(shou)(shou)，是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)至(zhi)(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初无(wu)巡守(shou)(shou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《般》，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)四(si)(si)(si)篇皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《闵(min)(min)(min)予(yu)小子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》、《访落(luo)》、《敬(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》三(san)(san)篇序云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“嗣(si)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，经称(cheng)“小子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”，是(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)除(chu)丧嗣(si)位(wei)(wei)，未(wei)改丧中(zhong)(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)，摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《有(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)》“微子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)来(lai)见(jian)(jian)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)”，笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)黜殷(yin)命(ming)(ming)(ming)，杀武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庚，命(ming)(ming)(ming)微子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)代(dai)殷(yin)。后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)受命(ming)(ming)(ming)，来(lai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)见(jian)(jian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”《尚书(shu)叙》微子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)(ming)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)诛、管(guan)蔡之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)微子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)来(lai)见(jian)(jian)，摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)八篇，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》禘(di)(di)(di)太(tai)(tai)(tai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鲁礼(li)(li)(li)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)岁十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)月(yue)崩(beng)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)祫於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)禘(di)(di)(di)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)群(qun)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，乃年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)十(shi)(shi)(shi)七(qi)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)祫，至(zhi)(zhi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)禘(di)(di)(di)。《雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)》彻而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)及(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四(si)(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)俱(ju)有(you)(you)(you)(you)禘(di)(di)(di)，检(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)篇中(zhong)(zhong)，二(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)无(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)可明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“得(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欢心”，似(si)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《维(wei)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)(ming)》“太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，居摄(she)(she)(she)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)亦(yi)五年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)位(wei)(wei)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“昔周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)(wei)。”谓在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)洛(luo)邑也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《孝(xiao)经》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“昔者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)郊(jiao)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配(pei)天(tian)(tian)，宗(zong)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配(pei)上(shang)(shang)帝(di)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)、郊(jiao)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)洛(luo)邑，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，率(lv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)焉(yan)”，《我(wo)将(jiang)》“祀(si)(si)(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)”，《思(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》“后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)配(pei)天(tian)(tian)”，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《昊天(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)》“郊(jiao)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)天(tian)(tian)地(di)”，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)指年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)郊(jiao)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)定(ding)(ding)，《思(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)配(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人，《昊天(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)》言(yan)感生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)祐及(ji)(ji)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相况，盖与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《思(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》同(tong)(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《振(zhen)鹭》“二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)来(lai)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)”，笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，夏(xia)、殷(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，杞(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，宋也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”微子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)二(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)始(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)殷(yin)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，独来(lai)见(jian)(jian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。杞(qi)本先(xian)(xian)(xian)封(feng)(feng)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)当(dang)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)宋俱(ju)至(zhi)(zhi)。今(jin)(jin)二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)并来(lai)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《有(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。杞(qi)、宋异(yi)服，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)应并朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)，盖亦(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)俱(ju)至(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《振(zhen)鹭》亦(yi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)杞(qi)、宋一(yi)国，亦(yi)得(de)(de)(de)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，如是(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可知(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《酌(zhuo)》“告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)《大(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》”，亦(yi)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)始(shi)(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，当(dang)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)观(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和否。《有(you)(you)(you)(you)瞽》始(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)合(he)(he)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)太(tai)(tai)(tai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)始(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，合(he)(he)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)观(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。即(ji)(ji)(ji)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)合(he)(he)，各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)礼(li)(li)(li)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)初成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)备乃奏(zou)，肃(su)雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)和鸣(ming)”，亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)及(ji)(ji)二(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)未(wei)去，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“我(wo)客(ke)戾止(zhi)，永观(guan)厥成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)考(kao)(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相符合(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《大(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)当(dang)奏(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣(yi)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《酌(zhuo)》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“归(gui)(gui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，乃后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)宋庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)奏(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)礼(li)(li)(li)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，主为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)据(ju)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)已(yi)奏(zou)《大(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)未(wei)可明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《载(zai)(zai)见(jian)(jian)》笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)始(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)君王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，谓见(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《小毖(bi)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)：“予(yu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)惩而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)。”笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“我(wo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)创艾於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)往时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)矣(yi)。”皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《烈(lie)(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》“成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)”，检(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)除(chu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)丧，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)未(wei)摄(she)(she)(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)致(zhi)(zhi)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，二(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)即(ji)(ji)(ji)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)除(chu)丧之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)宜与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《闵(min)(min)(min)予(yu)》同(tong)(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《闵(min)(min)(min)予(yu)》三(san)(san)篇，与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)谋(mou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，称(cheng)“未(wei)堪家(jia)(jia)(jia)多(duo)(duo)难(nan)”，有(you)(you)(you)(you)求贤自(zi)(zi)退之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志。今(jin)(jin)《烈(lie)(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇，申敕(chi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)卿士，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)赏罚为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)己(ji)(ji)任，亦(yi)宜为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)归(gui)(gui)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)服虔注《左传(chuan)》亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《烈(lie)(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》，成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)初即(ji)(ji)(ji)洛(luo)邑，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)《维(wei)清》叙皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)得(de)(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，俱(ju)叙云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奏(zou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，容(rong)(rong)(rong)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)奏(zou)述(shu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可必定(ding)(ding)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《噫嘻(xi)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)昭(zhao)假尔(er)”，《臣(chen)(chen)工》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“迄用康(kang)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)”，《丰(feng)(feng)(feng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“多(duo)(duo)黍(shu)多(duo)(duo)稌”，《载(zai)(zai)芟》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“万(wan)(wan)亿及(ji)(ji)秭”，《良(liang)耜》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)崇如墉”，《潜》曰(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)“潜有(you)(you)(you)(you)多(duo)(duo)鱼”，言(yan)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)物(wu)多(duo)(duo)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，是(shi)(shi)论(lun)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，但不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)知(zhi)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)定(ding)(ding)指何(he)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)耳。《天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)》“祀(si)(si)(si)(si)先(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)先(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《天(tian)(tian)保》“于(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)先(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)同(tong)(tong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)禴(yue)祠烝尝(chang)类(lei)(lei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。《执竞》“祀(si)(si)(si)(si)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，说(shuo)(shuo)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)生(sheng)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)。《丝衣(yi)》“绎(yi)(yi)宾(bin)尸”，说(shuo)(shuo)绎(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)得(de)(de)(de)礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宜，推(tui)检(jian)无(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)早(zao)晚(wan)(wan)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)乃绎(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，亦(yi)宜其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)检(jian)止(zhi)知(zhi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)早(zao)晚(wan)(wan)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)当(dang)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)必皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)先(xian)(xian)(xian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)定(ding)(ding)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)声(sheng)(sheng)乃作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)”，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)自(zi)(zi)民(min)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)谣，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)《外传(chuan)》引《思(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》、《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)言(yan)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，还得(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)摄(she)(she)(she)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)，归(gui)(gui)功(gong)(gong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)涉於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)己(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)得(de)(de)(de)自(zi)(zi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。风(feng)、雅(ya)比(bi)篇，既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)理，颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)亦(yi)当(dang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)首(shou)(shou)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)必为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)矣(yi)。《雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)(qian)(qian)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《烈(lie)(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》、《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，又不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)矣(yi)。《礼(li)(li)(li)记》每(mei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》”，然(ran)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛(sheng)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，莫重於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首(shou)(shou)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受命(ming)(ming)(ming)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)端(duan)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)因(yin)(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)业，且俱(ju)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)圣(sheng)人，令(ling)父(fu)(fu)先(xian)(xian)(xian)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首(shou)(shou)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)盛(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)先(xian)(xian)(xian)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《维(wei)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命(ming)(ming)(ming)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)德(de)(de)(de)(de)与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)同(tong)(tong)，溢於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)世，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)收其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)道(dao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)，告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，盛(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)道(dao)可为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)法(fa)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)致(zhi)(zhi)清明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)象其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)伐事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)又次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《维(wei)清》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。道(dao)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)可法(fa)，诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)当(dang)法(fa)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《烈(lie)(lie)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。道(dao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)法(fa)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)先(xian)(xian)(xian)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。人本於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，推(tui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)配(pei)天(tian)(tian)，既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，又当(dang)郊(jiao)天(tian)(tian)柴(chai)望(wang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《昊天(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)命(ming)(ming)(ming)》、《我(wo)将(jiang)》、《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。虽(sui)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)，说(shuo)(shuo)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能持(chi)强(qiang)(qiang)道(dao)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神降福，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《执竞》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)持(chi)强(qiang)(qiang)道(dao)，致(zhi)(zhi)牟(mou)麦(mai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瑞(rui)，由(you)(you)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《思(si)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。由(you)(you)稷(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)牟(mou)麦(mai)，牟(mou)麦(mai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祥，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《臣(chen)(chen)工》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)康(kang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，因(yin)(yin)祈(qi)穀而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)致(zhi)(zhi)福，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《噫嘻(xi)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祈(qi)穀大(da)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，必有(you)(you)(you)(you)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《振(zhen)鹭》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)得(de)(de)(de)礼(li)(li)(li)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)，当(dang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)报(bao)(bao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《丰(feng)(feng)(feng)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)获年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)，天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)和乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)合(he)(he)诸(zhu)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，奏(zou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)听之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《有(you)(you)(you)(you)瞽》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)和乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)，万(wan)(wan)物(wu)得(de)(de)(de)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)，信及(ji)(ji)潜逃，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《潜》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)鱼多(duo)(duo)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《雍(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。说(shuo)(shuo)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来(lai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)有(you)(you)(you)(you)礼(li)(li)(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)剌《载(zai)(zai)见(jian)(jian)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)得(de)(de)(de)礼(li)(li)(li)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)主所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)爱敬(jing)(jing)(jing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《有(you)(you)(you)(you)客(ke)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)来(lai)见(jian)(jian)，奏(zou)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)示(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使知(zhi)一(yi)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)最盛(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，但周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)推(tui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)道(dao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《礼(li)(li)(li)记》每(mei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》，下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)管(guan)《象》”，《象》谓《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)道(dao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)堂(tang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，示(shi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)。《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)主歌(ge)(ge)(ge)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)(gong)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)未(wei)致(zhi)(zhi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩(beng)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)幼，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)谋(mou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，群(qun)臣(chen)(chen)进(jin)(jin)戒(jie)(jie)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《闵(min)(min)(min)予(yu)小子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》、《访落(luo)》、《敬(jing)(jing)(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。先(xian)(xian)(xian)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)谘谋(mou)，君访问而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)臣(chen)(chen)进(jin)(jin)戒(jie)(jie)，事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。臣(chen)(chen)既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)进(jin)(jin)谋(mou)，君又求助(zhu)(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《小毖(bi)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)谋(mou)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)求助(zhu)(zhu)，致(zhi)(zhi)敬(jing)(jing)(jing)民(min)神，春祈(qi)秋报(bao)(bao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《载(zai)(zai)芟》、《良(liang)耜》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。社稷(ji)虽(sui)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵(gui)神，卑於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)郊(jiao)宗(zong)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)民(min)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，非(fei)(fei)先(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盛(sheng)德(de)(de)(de)(de)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)民(min)安，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)(si)(si)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)绎(yi)(yi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)(zhi)胡考(kao)(kao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《丝衣(yi)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)丰(feng)(feng)(feng)寿考(kao)(kao)，本以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)得(de)(de)(de)用师之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)克(ke)定(ding)(ding)厥家(jia)(jia)(jia)，封(feng)(feng)功(gong)(gong)臣(chen)(chen)，陟四(si)(si)(si)岳，祀(si)(si)(si)(si)河(he)海，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《酌(zhuo)》、《桓(huan)(huan)》、《赉(lai)》、《般》，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)终焉(yan)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)论(lun)多(duo)(duo)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，篇多(duo)(duo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相类(lei)(lei)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)意(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)似(si)风(feng)、雅(ya)。观(guan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)归(gui)(gui)，《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什》陈文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)盛(sheng)德(de)(de)(de)(de)，郊(jiao)宗(zong)柴(chai)望(wang)配(pei)礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。《臣(chen)(chen)工之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什》言(yan)助(zhu)(zhu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祈(qi)报(bao)(bao)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)见(jian)(jian)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劣(lie)(lie)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)《清庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》。《闵(min)(min)(min)予(yu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)什》伤(shang)家(jia)(jia)(jia)道(dao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)未(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，创往时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祸(huo)难(nan)，又陈绎(yi)(yi)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，类(lei)(lei)禡(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小礼(li)(li)(li)，比(bi)《臣(chen)(chen)工》又差劣(lie)(lie)焉(yan)。大(da)率(lv)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)(song)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)，虽(sui)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)曲而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)变，要以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)盛(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)先(xian)(xian)(xian)。《般》与(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)《时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)迈(mai)》同(tong)(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)巡守(shou)(shou)，《般》非(fei)(fei)告(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)，无(wu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)昭(zhao)震(zhen)叠之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)同(tong)(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。且社稷(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祈(qi)报(bao)(bao)比(bi)篇，嗣(si)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)缘事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)义(yi)相类(lei)(lei)，郊(jiao)宗(zong)由(you)(you)大(da)礼(li)(li)(li)类(lei)(lei)聚，绎(yi)(yi)禡(ma)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)末祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)分，观(guan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)次(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)有(you)(you)(you)(you)义(yi)矣(yi)，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)粗(cu)论(lun)难(nan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)精悉也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

《礼运》曰：“政也者，君之所以藏身也。”
　　○正义曰：以颂者，告神之歌，由於政平神悦所致，故说政从神，下歌以报神，所以为颂之意，引《礼记》以证之。言藏身者，郑云：“藏谓辉光於外而形体不见，若日月星辰之神。”言日月星神有光辉，形藏於中而不可见，犹人君施政教，身藏於中而不可害，犹日月星辰然。
　　○是故夫政必本於天，殽以降命。
　　○正义曰：既言藏身由政，又本政所由出，言“是故”，乘上文为势也。以天为神之尊者，故先之本之者，即殽以降命也。殽之言效。郑云：“效天之气，以下教令。天有运移之期，阴阳之节也”，若赏以春夏，刑以秋冬，皆效天也。
　　○命降於社之谓殽地，
　　○正义曰：郑云：“谓教令由礼下者也，社者，土地之主。土会之法，有五地之物生。”此则教令本下於社，是谓效地之宜以下者也。教令由社，而云效地者，以社，五土之总神，为土地主也。《大司徒职》曰：“以土会之法，辨五地之物生。一曰山林宜皂物，二曰川泽宜膏物，三曰丘陵宜核物，四曰坟衍宜荚物，五曰原隰宜丛物。”是地有山川高下，物生各有所宜，人君当效之，亦顺合所宜而任之。山者不使居川，渚者不使居中原之类，所效亦多矣。以上文因“政者，君之所以藏身”，即云“政必本於天”，既云本天，遂从天向下而言，故云“殽以降命”，则云降命者，自人君降之於民也。故郑云“效天之气，以下教令”，是君下之於民也。社庙以下，因前文亦政之所本，据今教令本之由於社庙，则所云降者，皆从社庙降於人君也，故郑云：“教令由社下者，由社庙下於人君也。”随文势而互言之，皆神降於人君，君又降之於民也。降於祖庙之谓仁义，
　　○正义曰：郑云：“谓教令由祖下者。《大传》曰：“自祢率而上之至於祖远者，轻仁也；自祖率而下之至於祢高者，重义也。”是祖庙有仁义降於人君，人君法之下於民。
　　○降於山川之谓兴作。
　　○正义曰：郑云：“谓教令由山川下者。山川有草木禽兽，可作器物，供国事也。”言山川有材用，可以兴作器物，有此法以降人君，人君所效，降兴作之教令於民也。
　　○降於五祀之谓制度。
　　○正义曰：郑云：“谓教令由(you)(you)五(wu)祀(si)下(xia)(xia)(xia)者。五(wu)祀(si)有中霤、门、户(hu)(hu)、灶、行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)。”中霤谓室(shi)也(ye)。室(shi)及(ji)门，户(hu)(hu)、灶、行(xing)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)动作所(suo)(suo)由(you)(you)为，皆有制(zhi)度。是五(wu)祀(si)有制(zhi)度以(yi)降(jiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君所(suo)(suo)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)於民为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)度也(ye)。上栋下(xia)(xia)(xia)宇，起自黄(huang)帝(di)；有室(shi)则有门、户(hu)(hu)矣(yi)；行(xing)是道涂所(suo)(suo)由(you)(you)；灶有爨烹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。则五(wu)祀(si)乃大之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)为，而(er)云降(jiang)制(zhi)度於人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)君者，以(yi)五(wu)祀(si)虽(sui)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)为，要理自当有圣人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)有以(yi)见天(tian)下(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赜而(er)创为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。既(ji)为其器，即(ji)立其神(shen)(shen)，神(shen)(shen)有制(zhi)度，故(gu)可法象，犹(you)社祀(si)勾龙，庙(miao)祭先祖，亦人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)立之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)效之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。降(jiang)命(ming)与(yu)此同。

又曰：“故祭帝於郊，所以定天位；祀社於国，所以列地利；祖庙，所以本仁；山川，所以傧鬼神；五祀，所以本事。”
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)：以上教令，皆降於(wu)郊社祖(zu)庙山川五(wu)祀(si)，而此又祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)，见(jian)其(qi)为取法(fa)象焉，故云“所以本(ben)(ben)仁(ren)(ren)”，“所以本(ben)(ben)事(shi)”也(ye)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)帝(di)於(wu)郊，谓祭(ji)(ji)(ji)感生之(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)，容五(wu)帝(di)之(zhi)(zhi)兆也(ye)。天之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)象，多不(bu)可(ke)指其(qi)所本(ben)(ben)，因(yin)其(qi)天象在上，而祭(ji)(ji)(ji)有处(chu)所，故云“定天位”也(ye)。祀(si)社，土地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)主，土地(di)(di)(di)(di)生物(wu)，人所利(li)用，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)而见(jian)有此利(li)於(wu)民，故云“列地(di)(di)(di)(di)利(li)”也(ye)。物(wu)虽(sui)资天所生，其(qi)见(jian)在地(di)(di)(di)(di)，所以将地(di)(di)(di)(di)言之(zhi)(zhi)。地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)为利(li)也(ye)博，故言其(qi)利(li)，不(bu)言所本(ben)(ben)也(ye)。自祖(zu)庙以下不(bu)言祭(ji)(ji)(ji)，蒙上祭(ji)(ji)(ji)文，祖(zu)庙有仁(ren)(ren)有义(yi)，其(qi)仁(ren)(ren)可(ke)以总之(zhi)(zhi)。五(wu)祀(si)本(ben)(ben)为制(zhi)度，而制(zhi)度兴举(ju)，即是事(shi)也(ye)，故云“本(ben)(ben)事(shi)”。山川亦(yi)有所本(ben)(ben)，因(yin)山川为神(shen)不(bu)明，故云“傧鬼(gui)神(shen)”。言宾(bin)敬山川鬼(gui)神(shen)而祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)，与本(ben)(ben)仁(ren)(ren)本(ben)(ben)事(shi)互(hu)见(jian)，敬鬼(gui)神(shen)而本(ben)(ben)之(zhi)(zhi)。

又曰：“礼行於郊，而百神受职焉。礼行於社，而百货可极焉。礼行於祖庙，而孝慈服焉。礼行於五祀，而正法则焉。”
　　○正(zheng)义曰：上既(ji)(ji)言(yan)祭(ji)群(qun)(qun)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，此(ci)言(yan)祭(ji)得(de)所(suo)之验也，故郑(zheng)云：“信得(de)其礼，则(ze)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)物(wu)与人(ren)(ren)皆应(ying)之。”百神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，列(lie)(lie)宿(su)也。百货(huo)(huo)，金(jin)玉(yu)之属(shu)。如此(ci)为(wei)圣王既(ji)(ji)法象群(qun)(qun)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，人(ren)(ren)君(jun)诚心(xin)事之，礼行於(wu)(wu)(wu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，则(ze)百神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)应(ying)而受职，百货(huo)(huo)出而可(ke)尽，人(ren)(ren)服(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)孝慈，俗正(zheng)其法则(ze)矣(yi)。知(zhi)百神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)为(wei)列(lie)(lie)宿(su)者(zhe)，以(yi)系天(tian)(tian)言(yan)之，为(wei)天(tian)(tian)之诸神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，分宿(su)所(suo)主，各(ge)守所(suo)职，使(shi)不(bu)僣(tie)滥，寒暑节，风雨时，令万物(wu)茂，百穀成也。“百货(huo)(huo)，金(jin)玉(yu)”者(zhe)，举金(jin)玉(yu)言(yan)之。祭(ji)地(di)得(de)所(suo)，地(di)不(bu)爱宝，山出器车，地(di)生醴泉，银(yin)瓮丹(dan)甑金(jin)玉(yu)，百货(huo)(huo)可(ke)尽为(wei)人(ren)(ren)用焉(yan)。又祖庙(miao)得(de)所(suo)，则(ze)民(min)化上，知(zhi)孝於(wu)(wu)(wu)祖祢，慈爱子孙，而服(fu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)君(jun)之政教矣(yi)。五祀得(de)所(suo)，则(ze)制度可(ke)法，是正(zheng)法则(ze)矣(yi)。不(bu)言(yan)山川者(zhe)，上既(ji)(ji)言(yan)傧鬼神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，则(ze)已为(wei)礼行矣(yi)，故略之。

故自郊、社、祖庙、山川、五祀、义之修，礼之藏也。
　　○正义曰：以此五者，圣王教令所法象，祭而事之，则神得而事治，义理由此以修饰，礼法从之而出见，是义兴於此，礼藏其中，故郑云：“修犹饰也，藏若其城郭然。”此言圣王之政，法象天地群神之为而为之政，政成而神得其所，神得其所，则事顺人和而德洽於神举矣。功大如此，可不美报乎？故人君必絜其牛羊，馨其黍稷，齐明而荐之，歌之舞之，所以显神明，昭至德也。
　　○正义曰(yue)：案今(jin)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)颂(song)(song)》郊(jiao)社祖庙(miao)(miao)山川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)，自以(yi)(yi)(yi)岁(sui)时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常，非为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)而(er)(er)(er)报，而(er)(er)(er)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)“功大如此，可不(bu)(bu)美(mei)报”者(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)曰(yue)有(you)(you)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)祭(ji)(ji)百神(shen)(shen)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)待於(wu)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。但(dan)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)民和乐讴(ou)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)吟咏而(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)(zuo)颂(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)人(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)德(de)政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)致也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)法神(shen)(shen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)行政，归功於(wu)群神(shen)(shen)，明(ming)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)由，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)因(yin)人(ren)(ren)(ren)君(jun)(jun)祭(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)群神(shen)(shen)，则(ze)诗人(ren)(ren)(ren)颂(song)(song)其(qi)(qi)(qi)功德(de)，故(gu)(gu)谓太(tai)平(ping)(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)报功也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《时(shi)迈》、《般(ban)》、《桓(huan)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)，於(wu)时(shi)虽(sui)未太(tai)平(ping)(ping)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)乃歌(ge)(ge)(ge)，亦为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)报也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓祭(ji)(ji)神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，诗人(ren)(ren)(ren)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，非谓当(dang)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)即歌(ge)(ge)(ge)舞(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，故(gu)(gu)《清(qing)庙(miao)(miao)》经(jing)曰(yue)“肃(su)(su)雍显相”，“济济多(duo)士”，“骏奔在庙(miao)(miao)”，皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)既祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，述(shu)祭(ji)(ji)时(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，明(ming)非祭(ji)(ji)时(shi)即歌(ge)(ge)(ge)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。但(dan)既作(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后常用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)《书传(chuan)》说《清(qing)庙(miao)(miao)》云(yun)：“周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)升歌(ge)(ge)(ge)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功烈德(de)泽(ze)，尊在庙(miao)(miao)中，尝见文(wen)(wen)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)，愀然如复见文(wen)(wen)王(wang)。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)作(zuo)(zuo)后每祭(ji)(ji)尝歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。颂(song)(song)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，主(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)显神(shen)(shen)，明(ming)多(duo)由祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)(si)而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，故(gu)(gu)颂(song)(song)叙称祀(si)(si)(si)、告、泽(ze)及朝(chao)庙(miao)(miao)於(wu)庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)亦多(duo)矣，唯《敬(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》、《小(xiao)毖》不(bu)(bu)言(yan)庙(miao)(miao)祀(si)(si)(si)，而(er)(er)(er)承谋庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)，亦当(dang)於(wu)庙(miao)(miao)进戒(jie)、庙(miao)(miao)中求(qiu)助者(zhe)(zhe)。然颂(song)(song)虽(sui)告神(shen)(shen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，但(dan)天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)太(tai)平(ping)(ping)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)颂(song)(song)君(jun)(jun)德(de)，亦有(you)(you)非祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)。《臣工》、《有(you)(you)客》、《烈文(wen)(wen)》、《振(zhen)鹭》及《闵予(yu)小(xiao)子(zi)》、《小(xiao)毖》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，皆(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)论神(shen)(shen)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)颂(song)(song)体(ti)不(bu)(bu)一(yi)，要(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)而(er)(er)(er)已，不(bu)(bu)必皆(jie)(jie)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)显神(shen)(shen)明(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。今(jin)颂(song)(song)，《昊天(tian)(tian)有(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)命》、《我将》、《思(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)》、《噫嘻》、《载芟》、《良耜》及《桓(huan)》，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)郊(jiao)社之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)《清(qing)庙(miao)(miao)》、《维天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命》、《维清(qing)》、《天(tian)(tian)作(zuo)(zuo)》、《执竞》、《雍》、《武》、《酌》、《赉》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祖庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)《烈文(wen)(wen)》、《臣工》、《振(zhen)鹭》、《丰年(nian)(nian)》、《潜(qian)》、《有(you)(you)瞽》、《载见》、《有(you)(you)客》、《闵予(yu)小(xiao)子(zi)》、《访落(luo)》、《丝衣》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)，虽(sui)有(you)(you)祖庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)颂(song)(song)德(de)又与(yu)上(shang)异也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《时(shi)迈》与(yu)《般(ban)》有(you)(you)望祭(ji)(ji)河岳之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)山川(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。唯五(wu)祀(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)，颂(song)(song)无(wu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)耳。颂(song)(song)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)始(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，歌(ge)(ge)(ge)其(qi)(qi)(qi)盛德(de)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五(wu)祀(si)(si)(si)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)制度(du)常事(shi)(shi)，非其(qi)(qi)(qi)盛，故(gu)(gu)无(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。群神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，亦有(you)(you)圆丘之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)，方(fang)(fang)泽(ze)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)祇(zhi)，五(wu)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)，六(liu)宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祀(si)(si)(si)，今(jin)颂(song)(song)皆(jie)(jie)无(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)颂(song)(song)者(zhe)(zhe)，感今(jin)德(de)泽(ze)，上(shang)述(shu)祖父，郊(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)祖配(pei)，故(gu)(gu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)言(yan)及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至於(wu)圆丘、方(fang)(fang)泽(ze)所(suo)(suo)(suo)配(pei)，非周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖，不(bu)(bu)可歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)美(mei)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)德(de)。五(wu)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)与(yu)六(liu)宗(zong)，同於(wu)天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)所(suo)(suo)(suo)配(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)(bu)异於(wu)《思(si)(si)文(wen)(wen)》与(yu)《我将》，诗人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂(song)(song)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)今(jin)皆(jie)(jie)无(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。毛(mao)氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，传(chuan)训不(bu)(bu)具，王(wang)肃(su)(su)准《鸱鸮》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)传(chuan)而(er)(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说，则(ze)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)摄政成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)，毛(mao)意或(huo)如王(wang)肃(su)(su)言(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《维天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)命》传(chuan)曰(yue)“成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)能厚行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)即政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)年(nian)(nian)十四(si)，周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)摄政为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)。摄政三年(nian)(nian)春朝(chao)庙(miao)(miao)，《闵予(yu)小(xiao)子(zi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《有(you)(you)客》亦周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)东征三年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，来而(er)(er)(er)始(shi)封(feng)，宜摄政四(si)年(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)“王(wang)来自奄”，非摄政时(shi)，与(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)异，不(bu)(bu)可约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三年(nian)(nian)中也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三年(nian)(nian)除丧(sang)，明(ming)年(nian)(nian)禘於(wu)群庙(miao)(miao)，则(ze)《雍》为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)年(nian)(nian)事(shi)(shi)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)馀则(ze)错(cuo)互(hu)不(bu)(bu)可尽检，或(huo)与(yu)郑(zheng)(zheng)同。

《清庙》，祀文王也。周公既成洛邑，朝诸侯，率以祀文王焉。清庙者，祭有清明之德者之宫也，谓祭文王也。天德清明，文王象焉，故祭之而歌此诗也。庙之言貌也，死者精神不可得而见，但以生时之居，立宫室象貌为之耳。成洛邑，居摄五年时。
　　○庙(miao)，本又作(zuo)“庿”，古今(jin)字(zi)也，苗笑反。杜预(yu)云：“肃然清净(jing)之(zhi)称也。”雒音洛，本亦作(zuo)“洛”，水名(ming)，字(zi)从水。后(hou)汉都洛阳，以火德，为(wei)水克火，故改为(wei)“各(ge)”傍“隹(zhui)”。朝，直(zhi)遥反。

[疏]“《清庙》八句”至“王焉”。
　　○正义曰：《清庙》诗者，祀文王之乐歌也。序又申说祀之时节，周公摄王之政，营邑於洛，既已成此洛邑，於是大朝诸侯。既受其朝，又率之而至於清庙，以祀此文王焉。以其祀之得礼，诗人歌咏其事，而作此《清庙》之诗，后乃用之於乐，以为常歌也。《周礼》四时之祭，其祭者，春曰祀，因春是四时之首，故以祀为通名。《楚茨》经云“烝尝”，序称“祭祀”，是秋冬之祭亦以祀目之。此祀文王，自当在春馀，序之称祀，不必皆春祀也。以《王制》之法及《郑志》所云：“殷礼：春礿、夏禘”，四时皆无祀名。而《商颂》之序亦称祀者，子夏生於周世，因以周法言之。《那》与《烈祖》皆云“烝尝”，而序称为祀，是祀为通名也。案《召诰》经、序营洛邑者，乃是召公所为，而云周公既成洛邑者，以周公摄行王事，君统臣功，故以周公为主。既成洛邑，在居摄五年，其朝诸侯则在六年。《明堂位》所云“周公践天子之位，以治天下，六年朝诸侯於明堂”，即此时也。成洛邑后年始朝诸侯，而此系之成洛邑者，以洛邑既成之后，朝事莫此之先，故系之也。此朝诸侯在明堂之上，於时之位，五等四夷莫不咸在。言率之以祀文王，则朝者悉皆助祭。序虽文主诸侯，其实亦有四夷，但四夷世乃一见，助祭非常，故略而不言之耳。诸侯之朝，当依服数而至，明堂之位，得夷夏并在者，以其礼乐初成，将颁度量，故特使俱至，异於常朝也。《顾命》诸侯见王之礼，召公率西方诸侯，毕公率东方诸侯，则率诸侯者皆二伯为之。此言率者，谓周公使二伯率之，以从周公祀文王也。文王之庙，虽四时常祀，而礼特异於常。诸侯皆在，祭事最盛，诗人述此祭而为此诗，故序备言其事。此经所陈，皆是祀文王之事。其言成洛邑，朝诸侯，自明祀之时节，於经无所当也。
　　○笺“清庙”至“年时”。
　　○正义(yi)曰(yue)(yue)：此(ci)(ci)(ci)解文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所居，称为(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)所祭(ji)(ji)，乃祭(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)，故(gu)(gu)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)所祭(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，止祭(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天德(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)象(xiang)(xiang)焉，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能象(xiang)(xiang)天清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)，故(gu)(gu)谓(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。《乐记》曰(yue)(yue)：“是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)象(xiang)(xiang)天。”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)天德(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)。《孔(kong)子(zi)閒居》曰(yue)(yue)：“清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)在(zai)躬。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“谓(wei)圣(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)亦清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)明(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)。”《易》称“圣(sheng)人(ren)与(yu)天地合(he)其(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)能象(xiang)(xiang)天也(ye)(ye)。贾逵《左传(chuan)注(zhu)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“肃然清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)静，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。”郑不(bu)然者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《书(shu)传(chuan)》说(shuo)《清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“於(wu)穆清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)升歌(ge)(ge)(ge)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)烈德(de)(de)泽，尊在(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)中，尝见(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，愀然如(ru)复见(jian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。”说(shuo)《清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》而(er)言(yan)(yan)功(gong)德(de)(de)，则(ze)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)功(gong)德(de)(de)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名，非(fei)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)静之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)也(ye)(ye)。庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，人(ren)所不(bu)居，虽(sui)非(fei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，孰不(bu)清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)静，何独(du)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)显清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)静之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名？以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)故(gu)(gu)不(bu)从贾氏(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)说(shuo)也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)此(ci)(ci)(ci)诗(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，诗(shi)人(ren)述(shu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)作(zuo)此(ci)(ci)(ci)《清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗(shi)。《墓(mu)门》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“歌(ge)(ge)(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)讯(xun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”笺云(yun)(yun)(yun)“歌(ge)(ge)(ge)谓(wei)作(zuo)此(ci)(ci)(ci)诗(shi)”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)。既(ji)(ji)作(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)皆(jie)升堂(tang)歌(ge)(ge)(ge)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)常曲(qu)，故(gu)(gu)《礼记》每(mei)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“升歌(ge)(ge)(ge)《清(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)》”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)事也(ye)(ye)。立(li)宫(gong)室(shi)象(xiang)(xiang)貌(mao)而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)死(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，象(xiang)(xiang)生(sheng)时(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)室(shi)容貌(mao)，故(gu)(gu)《冬官·匠人(ren)》所论宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)及路(lu)寝，皆(jie)制如(ru)明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)死(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，犹生(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)路(lu)寝，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)象(xiang)(xiang)貌(mao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由此(ci)(ci)(ci)而(er)言(yan)(yan)，自天子(zi)至於(wu)卿(qing)士得立(li)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)制皆(jie)如(ru)生(sheng)居之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)矣。案(an)《郑志》说(shuo)《顾命(ming)》，成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)崩於(wu)镐，因先王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)，故(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)左右房，为(wei)(wei)(wei)诸侯(hou)制也(ye)(ye)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)、武(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世(shi)，路(lu)寝未如(ru)明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)。《乐记》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)制。”则(ze)文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，不(bu)类生(sheng)宫(gong)，而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“象(xiang)(xiang)貌(mao)为(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)纣尚在(zai)，武(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)初定天下，其(qi)(qi)(qi)宫(gong)室(shi)制度未暇(xia)为(wei)(wei)(wei)天子(zi)制耳(er)。若(ruo)(ruo)为(wei)(wei)(wei)天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制，其(qi)(qi)(qi)寝必(bi)与(yu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)同，亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)象(xiang)(xiang)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)生(sheng)宫(gong)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)然，《祭(ji)(ji)法》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，先祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊貌(mao)也(ye)(ye)。”《孝经》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“宗(zong)，尊也(ye)(ye)。庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，貌(mao)也(ye)(ye)。亲(qin)虽(sui)亡(wang)没，事之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)若(ruo)(ruo)生(sheng)，为(wei)(wei)(wei)立(li)宫(gong)室(shi)，四时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若(ruo)(ruo)见(jian)鬼神之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容貌(mao)。”如(ru)此(ci)(ci)(ci)二注(zhu)象(xiang)(xiang)先祖身之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)形貌(mao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)类生(sheng)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)，祭(ji)(ji)则(ze)想见(jian)其(qi)(qi)(qi)容，故(gu)(gu)彼注(zhu)通言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)意耳(er)。作(zuo)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)室(shi)不(bu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)形，必(bi)不(bu)得象(xiang)(xiang)先祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面貌(mao)矣。知成(cheng)(cheng)洛邑(yi)(yi)，摄(she)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)时(shi)(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《书(shu)序》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)丰(feng)，欲宅洛邑(yi)(yi)，使(shi)召公(gong)先相宅，作(zuo)《召诰》。”“召公(gong)既(ji)(ji)相宅，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)往营成(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)(zhou)，使(shi)来告卜，作(zuo)《洛诰》。”如(ru)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，则(ze)作(zuo)洛邑(yi)(yi)与(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)(zhou)，同年(nian)(nian)营之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)矣。《书(shu)传(chuan)》说(shuo)周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)摄(she)政五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)营成(cheng)(cheng)周(zhou)(zhou)，故(gu)(gu)知洛邑(yi)(yi)亦以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)成(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)洛邑(yi)(yi)在(zai)五(wu)(wu)年(nian)(nian)，则(ze)朝诸侯(hou)在(zai)六(liu)年(nian)(nian)，明(ming)(ming)(ming)此(ci)(ci)(ci)朝诸侯(hou)与(yu)《明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)位》所朝为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)事也(ye)(ye)。

於穆清庙，肃雍显相。於，叹辞也。穆，美。肃，敬。雍，和。相，助也。笺云：显，光也，见也。於乎美哉，周公之祭清庙也。其礼仪敬且和，又诸侯有光明著见之德者来助祭。
　　○於音乌，注(zhu)同，后发句(ju)皆放此(ci)，以(yi)意求之。相，息亮(liang)反(fan)，注(zhu)同。见，贤遍(bian)反(fan)，下“著见”同。

[疏]“於穆清庙”。
　　○毛以为，於乎美哉，周公之祭清庙也。其祭之礼仪，既内敬於心，且外和於色。又诸侯有明著之德来助祭也。其祭之时，又有济济然美容仪之众士亦来助祭。於此众士等，皆能执持文王之德，无所失坠。文王精神已在於天，此众士之行，皆能配於在天。言其行同文王，与之相合也。此明著诸侯与威仪众士长奔走而来，在文王之庙，后世常然，供承不绝，则文王之德，岂不显於天，岂不承於人？所以得然者，以文王之德，为人所乐，无见厌倦於人。斯由人乐之不厌，故皆奔走承之。
　　○郑唯以骏奔走三句为异。言诸侯之与多士大奔走而来，在文王之庙，岂不光明文王之德与？言其光明之。岂不承顺文王之意与？言其承顺之。馀同。
　　○传“於叹”至“相助”。
　　○正义曰：於乎、於戏，皆古之呜呼之字，故为叹辞。“穆，美”，《释诂》文。《书传》云：“穆者敬之。”言穆为敬之美也。《乐记》引《诗》云：“肃雍和鸣。”夫肃肃，敬也；雍雍，和也。夫敬与和，何事而不行，是肃为敬，雍为和也。《释诂》云：“相、助，勴也。”俱训为勴，是相得为助。
　　○笺“显光”至“助祭”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：“显(xian)(xian)(xian)，光(guang)”，《释诂》文(wen)。定本、《集(ji)注》皆云“显(xian)(xian)(xian)，光(guang)也，见也”，於义为是。以(yi)此(ci)(ci)祀(si)文(wen)王之(zhi)歌，美(mei)其(qi)祀(si)不美(mei)其(qi)庙(miao)，故云“周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)之(zhi)祭清庙(miao)也”。其(qi)礼(li)仪敬且和者(zhe)，谓周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)祭祀(si)能敬和也。以(yi)“肃(su)雍(yong)”承“清庙(miao)”之(zhi)下(xia)，宜为祭祀(si)之(zhi)事，而(er)(er)“显(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)”之(zhi)文(wen)又在其(qi)下(xia)，明是相(xiang)(xiang)者(zhe)肃(su)雍(yong)，故属於周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)，唯显(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)为诸侯(hou)耳。知显(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)是诸侯(hou)者(zhe)，序言(yan)“朝诸侯(hou)，率(lv)以(yi)祀(si)文(wen)王”，於此(ci)(ci)经当有诸侯(hou)之(zhi)事。而(er)(er)下(xia)文(wen)别言(yan)多士(shi)，多士(shi)非诸侯(hou)，则显(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)是诸侯(hou)可知。於诸侯(hou)言(yan)相(xiang)(xiang)，明多士(shi)亦(yi)为相(xiang)(xiang)矣。此(ci)(ci)笺以(yi)肃(su)雍(yong)属周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)，而(er)(er)《书传》云“肃(su)雍(yong)显(xian)(xian)(xian)相(xiang)(xiang)”，注云“四(si)海(hai)敬和，明德来助(zhu)祭”，以(yi)敬和为诸侯(hou)者(zhe)，义得两通(tong)也。

济(ji)(ji)济(ji)(ji)多士(shi)，秉(bing)文(wen)之德(de)，对越在天。执文(wen)德(de)之人也(ye)。笺云：对，配。越，於也(ye)。济(ji)(ji)济(ji)(ji)之众士(shi)，皆执行文(wen)王之德(de)。文(wen)王精神已(yi)在天矣，犹配顺其(qi)素如存(cun)(cun)生(sheng)存(cun)(cun)。

[疏]传“执文德之人”。
　　○正义曰：经云“秉文之德”，谓多士执文王之德，故传申其意，言此多士皆是执文德之人也。亦与郑同。
　　○笺“对配”至“生存”。
　　○正义曰：《释(shi)诂》云：“妃、合、会，对也。”是(shi)(shi)对为配之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义。“越，於”，《释(shi)诂》文(wen)。济济之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)众士，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)朝(chao)廷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣也。执行文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)被文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)，执而(er)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)使失坠也。言(yan)(yan)在(zai)天(tian)，则是(shi)(shi)有物在(zai)天(tian)而(er)非天(tian)，此祀(si)(si)文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，故(gu)知在(zai)天(tian)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)文(wen)王(wang)精神已在(zai)天(tian)也。文(wen)王(wang)在(zai)天(tian)，而(er)云多士能(neng)配者，正谓(wei)(wei)(wei)顺其(qi)素先之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行，如其(qi)生存(cun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时焉。文(wen)王(wang)既(ji)有是(shi)(shi)德，多士今(jin)犹(you)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)相(xiang)配也。序言(yan)(yan)“朝(chao)诸(zhu)侯(hou)，率以(yi)祀(si)(si)文(wen)王(wang)”，止(zhi)率诸(zhu)侯(hou)耳。多士亦助祭(ji)，序不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)率之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者，王(wang)朝(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣，助祭(ji)为常，非所当(dang)率，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)须言(yan)(yan)也。以(yi)朝(chao)廷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣亲受文(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)化(hua)，故(gu)言(yan)(yan)秉文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，则外臣疏(shu)远，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)自有光明(ming)，亦所以(yi)互相(xiang)通也。

骏奔走在庙，不显不承，无射於人斯。骏，长也。显於天矣，见承於人矣，不见厌於人矣。笺云：骏，大也。诸侯与众士，於周公祭文王，俱奔走而来，在庙中助祭，是不光明文王之德与？言其光明之也。是不承顺文王志意与？言其承顺之也。此文王之德，人无厌之。
　　○骏音峻(jun)。下篇同(tong)。射音亦，厌(yan)也(ye)。见厌(yan)，於艳反。下同(tong)。与(yu)音馀(yu)。下同(tong)。

[疏]传“骏长”至“於人矣”。
　　○正义曰：“骏，长”，《释诂》文。言长者，此奔走在庙，非唯一时之事，乃百世长然，故言长也。以文王精神已在於天，光显文王，是显於天也。此奔走助祭，是承事文王，故见承於人也。不见厌於人者，由文王德美，不为人厌，所以诸侯、多士奔走助之，结上助祭之意也。“见承於人”上，或有“不”字，衍字，与“不见厌”相涉为误。定本、《集注》并无“不”字。
　　○笺“骏大”至“厌之”。
　　○正义曰：“骏(jun)，大”，《释(shi)诂》文(wen)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)诗人(ren)所歌，据(ju)其(qi)见(jian)事(shi)(shi)，非(fei)是逆(ni)探后(hou)世，不宜以(yi)骏(jun)为长。此(ci)承诸侯(hou)、多士(shi)之下，总言(yan)(yan)奔(ben)(ben)走(zou)，则文(wen)兼上(shang)事(shi)(shi)，故(gu)(gu)云(yun)“诸侯(hou)与(yu)众士(shi)，於(wu)周公祭文(wen)王(wang)(wang)，俱奔(ben)(ben)走(zou)而(er)(er)来(lai)，在(zai)庙中助祭”。以(yi)其(qi)俱来(lai)，故(gu)(gu)训骏(jun)为大。大者(zhe)，多而(er)(er)疾来(lai)之意。《礼记·大传》亦(yi)云(yun)“骏(jun)奔(ben)(ben)走(zou)”，注“骏(jun)，疾也(ye)(ye)。疾奔(ben)(ben)走(zou)，言(yan)(yan)劝(quan)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)”。其(qi)意与(yu)此(ci)相接成也(ye)(ye)。又以(yi)上(shang)言(yan)(yan)“在(zai)天”者(zhe)，见(jian)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)其(qi)身虽死，其(qi)道犹存(cun)，既言(yan)(yan)人(ren)能(neng)配行，故(gu)(gu)指在(zai)天为义。此(ci)言(yan)(yan)奔(ben)(ben)走(zou)在(zai)庙，主述祭时之事(shi)(shi)，无取於(wu)在(zai)天，故(gu)(gu)以(yi)为光(guang)(guang)明文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之德(de)，承顺文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之意。光(guang)(guang)明文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之德(de)，虽亦(yi)得为显(xian)之於(wu)天，但於(wu)文(wen)势直言(yan)(yan)人(ren)所昭(zhao)见(jian)，不当远(yuan)指上(shang)天，故(gu)(gu)易传也(ye)(ye)。此(ci)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之德(de)，人(ren)无厌之，即是不见(jian)厌於(wu)人(ren)，与(yu)传同(tong)也(ye)(ye)。

《清庙》一章，八句(ju)。

《维天之命》，大平告文王也。告大平者，居摄五年之末也。文王受命，不卒而崩。今天下大平，故承其意而告之，明六年制礼作乐。
　　○维，《韩诗》云：“维，念也。”大音泰(tai)。后(hou)“大平”皆放此。

[疏]“《维天之命》八句”。
　　○正义曰：《维天之命》诗者，大平告文王之乐歌也。以文王受命，造立周邦，未及大平而崩，不得制礼作乐。今周公摄政，继父之业，致得大平，将欲作乐制礼。其所制作，皆是文王之意，故以大平之时，告於文王，谓设祭以告文王之庙。言今己大平，己将制作，诗人述其事而为此歌焉。经陈文王德有馀衍，周公收以制礼，顺文王之意，使后世行之，是所告之事也。
　　○笺“告大平”至“作乐”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰：《乐(le)记》云：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)功(gong)成作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)，治定(ding)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)。”功(gong)成治定(ding)，即大平(ping)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。此(ci)经所(suo)云“我其收之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，骏(jun)惠我文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)”，是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，明(ming)其将(jiang)欲制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，有此(ci)告耳(er)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)，在六年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初(chu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)此(ci)告大平(ping)，五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末也(ye)。又解所(suo)以必告文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)，文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受命，不(bu)(bu)卒(zu)而(er)崩。卒(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)，终也(ye)。圣人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)受天(tian)(tian)命，必致天(tian)(tian)下大平(ping)，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)一(yi)代大法，乃可谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)终耳(er)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)未终此(ci)事(shi)(shi)，而(er)身已崩，是(shi)其心有遗恨(hen)(hen)。今(jin)既天(tian)(tian)下大平(ping)，成就文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志，故(gu)(gu)(gu)承其素意而(er)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，冀使(shi)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)复怀怅故(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)。文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)礼(li)(li)乐(le)者(zhe)(zhe)，非谓智谋(mou)不(bu)(bu)能制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，正(zheng)以时(shi)未大平(ping)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)为(wei)耳(er)。今(jin)於(wu)五(wu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末，以大平(ping)告之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，明(ming)己欲以六年(nian)(nian)(nian)成就之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。言六年(nian)(nian)(nian)者(zhe)(zhe)，为(wei)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)成就之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，其始草(cao)创(chuang)，当(dang)先(xian)於(wu)此(ci)矣。《明(ming)堂(tang)位(wei)》云：“六年(nian)(nian)(nian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)，颁度量(liang)，而(er)天(tian)(tian)下大服(fu)。”明(ming)是(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)己就，故(gu)(gu)(gu)度量(liang)可颁，其礼(li)(li)亦(yi)应(ying)颁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，未即施(shi)用。《洛诰》说七年(nian)(nian)(nian)时(shi)事(shi)(shi)，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)犹戒成王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，使(shi)肇(zhao)称殷礼(li)(li)，祀于新邑，则是(shi)成王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)即政，始用《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)》也(ye)。武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)不(bu)(bu)卒(zu)而(er)崩，惟告文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)，当(dang)时(shi)亦(yi)应(ying)并告，但(dan)以文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)是(shi)创(chuang)基(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，纣尚未灭，遗恨(hen)(hen)为(wei)深，周(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)(li)》，称为(wei)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，故(gu)(gu)(gu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者(zhe)(zhe)主(zhu)於(wu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，辞(ci)不(bu)(bu)及武王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)。序亦(yi)顺经之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，指(zhi)言告文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)焉。

维天之(zhi)命，於穆(mu)不(bu)已。孟(meng)仲子曰：“大哉！天命之(zhi)无极，而美周之(zhi)礼也(ye)。”笺云(yun)：命犹道(dao)也(ye)。天之(zhi)道(dao)於乎美哉！动而不(bu)止，行(xing)而不(bu)已。

[疏]“维天之命”。
　　○毛以为，言维此天所为之教命，於乎美哉！动行而不已，言天道转运无极止时也。天德之美如此，而文王能当於天心，又叹文王，於乎！岂不显乎？此文王之德之大。言文王美德之大，实光显也。文王德既显大，而亦行之不已，与天同功，又以此嘉美之道，以戒慎我子孙，言欲使子孙谨慎行其道。文王意既如此，我周公其当敛聚之，以制典法，大顺我文王之本意。作之若成，当使曾孙成王厚行之，以为天下之法。周公以此意告文王，故作者述而歌之。
　　○郑以纯为纯美，溢为盈，曾孙通谓后世之王，唯此为异。其大意则同。
　　○传“孟仲”至“之礼”。
　　○正义曰：文当如此。《孟子》云：齐王以孟子辞病，使人问。医来，孟仲子对。赵岐云：“孟仲子，孟子从昆弟学於孟子者也。”《谱》云：“孟仲子者，子思弟子，盖与孟轲共事子思，后学於孟轲，著书论《诗》，毛氏取以为说。”言此诗之意，称天命以述制礼之事者，叹“大哉，天命之无极”，而嘉美周世之礼也。美天道行而不已，是叹大天命之极。文王能顺天而行，《周礼》顺文王之意，是周之礼法效天为之，故此言文王，是美周之礼也。定本作“美周之礼”。或作“周公之礼”者，误也。《谱》云“子思论《诗》，‘於穆不已’，仲子曰‘於穆不似’”。此传虽引仲子之言，而文无不似之义，盖取其所说，而不从其读，故王肃述毛，亦为“不已”，与郑同也。
　　○笺“命犹”至“不已”。
　　○正义曰：天之教命，即是天道，故云命犹道也。《中庸》引此诗，乃云：“盖曰天之所以为天也。”是不已为天之事，故云动而不已，行而不止。《易·系辞》云：“日往则月来，暑往则寒来。”《乾卦·象》曰：“天行健，君子以自强不息。”是天道不已止之事也。於乎不显，文王之德之纯！假以溢我，我其收之。骏惠我文王，纯，大。假，嘉。溢，慎。收，聚也。笺云：纯亦不已也。溢，盈溢之言也。於乎不光明与，文王之施德教之无倦已，美其与天同功也。以嘉美之道，饶衍与我，我其聚敛之，以制法度，以大顺我文王之意，谓为《周礼》六官之职也。《书》曰：“考朕昭子刑，乃单文祖德。”
　　○假音暇。溢音逸，徐云(yun)：“毛音谥。”慎，市震反(fan)，本或作“顺(shun)”。案《尔雅》云(yun)：“毖、神、溢、慎也(ye)(ye)。”不作“顺(shun)”字(zi)。王肃及崔、申、毛并作顺(shun)解也(ye)(ye)。明与(yu)音馀。单音丹。

曾孙笃之。成王能厚行之也。笺云：曾，犹重也。自孙之子而下，事先祖皆称曾孙。是言曾孙，欲使后王皆厚行之，非维今也。
　　○“厚之也(ye)”，一本作“能(neng)厚行(xing)之也(ye)”今或作“能(neng)厚成之也(ye)”。重，直龙反。

[疏]传“纯大”至“收聚”。
　　○正义曰：“纯，大；假，嘉；溢，慎”，皆《释诂》文。舍人曰：“溢行之慎。”某氏曰：“诗云：‘假以溢我慎也。’”收者，敛聚之义，故为聚也。
　　○笺“纯亦”至“祖德”。
　　○正义曰：《中庸》引此云：“於乎不显，文王之德之纯。盖曰文王之所以为文也，纯亦不已。”指说此文，故笺依用之。笺意言纯亦不已，则不训为大，当谓德之纯美无玷缺，而行之不止息也。《孝经》云：“满而不溢。”是溢为盈溢之言也。易传者，以下句即云“我其收之”，溢是流散，收为收聚，上下相成，於理为密，故易之也。文王既行不倦已，与天同功，是其道有饶衍，至於满溢，故言“以嘉美之道饶衍与我，我其聚敛之，以制法度”，谓收聚文王流散之德以制之也。其实周公自是圣人作法，出於已意，但以归功文王，故言收文王之德而为之耳。文王本意欲得制作，但以时未可为，是意有所恨。今既太平作之，是大顺我文王之本意也。欲指言所作以晓人，故言谓为《周礼》六官之职，即今之《周礼》是也。礼经三百，威仪三千，皆是周公所作，以《仪礼》威仪行事，礼之末节，乐又崩亡，无可指据，指以《周礼》，统之於心，是礼之根本，故举以言焉。引《书》曰者，《洛诰》文也。《书》之意，言周公告成王云：今所成我明子成王所用六典之法者，乃尽是配文祖明堂之人，文王之德，我制之以授子，是用文王之德制作之事，故引以证此。彼注云：“成我所用明子之法度者，乃尽明堂之德。明堂者，祀王帝太皞之属，为用其法度也。周公制礼六典，就其法度而损益用之。”如彼注，直以文祖为明堂。不为文王者，彼上文注云：“文祖者，周曰明堂，以称文王。”是文王德称文祖也。彼注更自观经为说，与此引意不同，义得两通故也。
　　○传“成王能厚行之”。
　　○正义曰：传以周公制礼，成王行之，乃是为成王而作，故以《信南山》经、序准之，以曾孙为成王也。厚行之者，用意专而隆厚，即《假乐》所云“不愆不忘，率由旧章”是也。
　　○笺“曾犹”至“维今”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：笺以告之(zhi)时礼(li)犹未成(cheng)(cheng)，不宜偏(pian)指一(yi)人，使之(zhi)施(shi)用一(yi)代(dai)法，当通后王(wang)，故知(zhi)曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)之(zhi)王(wang)非独成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)也(ye)。曾(ceng)(ceng)犹重也(ye)。孙(sun)(sun)(sun)之(zhi)子为(wei)曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)也(ye)。孙(sun)(sun)(sun)是(shi)其正称，自曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)已下(xia)，皆(jie)得(de)称孙(sun)(sun)(sun)。哀二年《左传》云：“曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)蒯(kuai)聩，敢告皇祖文王(wang)、烈祖康叔(shu)。”是(shi)虽历多(duo)世(shi)，亦(yi)称曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)也(ye)。《小雅(ya)》曾(ceng)(ceng)孙(sun)(sun)(sun)唯斥成(cheng)(cheng)王(wang)，文各有施(shi)，不得(de)同(tong)也(ye)。

《维天之(zhi)命》一章(zhang)，八句。

《维清》，奏《象舞》也。《象舞》，象用兵时刺伐之舞，武王制焉。
　　○刺，七(qi)亦反。

[疏]“《维清》五句。”
　　○正义曰：《维清》诗者，奏《象舞》之歌乐也。谓文王时有击刺之法，武王作乐，象而为舞，号其乐曰《象舞》。至周公、成王之时，用而奏之於庙。诗人以今大平由彼五伐，睹其奏而思其本，故述之而为此歌焉。《时迈》、《般》、《桓》之等，皆武王时事，成王之世乃颂之。此《象舞》武王所制，以为成王之时奏之，成王之时颂之，理亦可矣。但武王既制此乐，其法遂传於后，春秋之世，季札观乐，见舞《象》，是后於成王之世犹尚奏之，可知颂必大平乃为，明是睹之而作。又此诗所述，述其作乐所象，不言初成新奏，以此知奏在成王之世，作者见而歌之也。经言文王之法，可用以成功，是制《象舞》之意。
　　○笺“象舞”至“制焉”。
　　○正义曰：此(ci)(ci)(ci)诗(shi)经言(yan)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)，序称《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》，则(ze)(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，以(yi)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》为(wei)(wei)名(ming)，故解(jie)其(qi)名(ming)此(ci)(ci)(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。《牧誓》曰：“今(jin)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)愆于六(liu)伐(fa)(fa)七伐(fa)(fa)，乃止(zhi)齐焉。”注云(yun)：“一击一刺曰一伐(fa)(fa)。”是(shi)用(yong)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，有(you)(you)刺有(you)(you)伐(fa)(fa)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)於用(yong)兵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)刺伐(fa)(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)而为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞，故谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》也。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)其(qi)言(yan)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)法象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)。《乐(le)(le)记(ji)》说《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)，象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伐(fa)(fa)，明(ming)此(ci)(ci)(ci)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伐(fa)(fa)。知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)焉者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)为(wei)(wei)人子(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)贵其(qi)成父(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，文(wen)王(wang)(wang)既(ji)有(you)(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)功，武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)无容不(bu)述。《中(zhong)庸》曰：“武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)、周公(gong)，其(qi)达孝(xiao)矣乎！孝(xiao)者(zhe)(zhe)善继人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)志(zhi)，善述人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)。”明(ming)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)述矣。於周公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)(shi)，已象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)伐(fa)(fa)纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功，作(zuo)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)，不(bu)言(yan)复象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伐(fa)(fa)，制(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)别乐(le)(le)，故知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)焉。武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)未及(ji)太平而作(zuo)此(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)。一代(dai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)典(dian)，须待大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)平。此(ci)(ci)(ci)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功，非为(wei)(wei)易代(dai)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)法，故虽未制(zhi)(zhi)礼，亦(yi)得为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。周公(gong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)作(zuo)，故别为(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)乐(le)(le)耳(er)。《春官·大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)司乐(le)(le)》六(liu)代(dai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)，唯舞《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》，以(yi)享先(xian)祖。此(ci)(ci)(ci)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》不(bu)列於六(liu)乐(le)(le)，盖大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合诸乐(le)(le)，乃为(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)舞，或祈告所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)用(yong)，《周礼》无之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。襄(xiang)二十九年，曾为(wei)(wei)季札舞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)有(you)(you)用(yong)明(ming)矣。案彼传云(yun)：“见舞《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)》、《南籥(yue)》者(zhe)(zhe)。”服虔曰：“《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》，文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)舞《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》也。《箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)》，舞曲名(ming)。言(yan)天(tian)下乐(le)(le)削去无道。”杜预曰：“箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)舞者(zhe)(zhe)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)执南籥(yue)以(yi)籥(yue)也。”其(qi)言(yan)箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)为(wei)(wei)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)执，未审何器(qi)。以(yi)箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)为(wei)(wei)舞曲，不(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)出(chu)，要知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)箾(shuo)(shuo)(shuo)与(yu)南籥(yue)必是(shi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)有(you)(you)也。传直云(yun)“舞象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”，“象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”下更无“舞”字(zi)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)名(ming)“象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”而已。以(yi)其(qi)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)事(shi)(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)舞，故此(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)称“象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞”也。《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，二者(zhe)(zhe)俱是(shi)为(wei)(wei)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，但(dan)序者(zhe)(zhe)於此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)“奏《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)舞》”，於《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)篇不(bu)可复言(yan)奏象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，故指其(qi)乐(le)(le)名(ming)，言(yan)“奏，《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》”耳(er)。其(qi)实《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也，故《礼记(ji)·文(wen)王(wang)(wang)世(shi)子(zi)(zi)》、《明(ming)堂位(wei)》、《祭(ji)统》皆云(yun)“升(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)《清(qing)庙》，下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》”。《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》与(yu)《清(qing)庙》相(xiang)对，即俱是(shi)诗(shi)篇，故《明(ming)堂位(wei)》注“《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》谓(wei)《周颂·武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》也”。谓(wei)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)为(wei)(wei)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》，明(ming)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)矣。但(dan)《记(ji)》文(wen)於“管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下别云(yun)“舞《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》”，谓(wei)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)箫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)以(yi)吹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》乐(le)(le)则(ze)(ze)(ze)于戚以(yi)舞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所(suo)(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)并(bing)(bing)设其(qi)文(wen)，故郑并(bing)(bing)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》解(jie)其(qi)意(yi)。於《文(wen)王(wang)(wang)世(shi)子(zi)(zi)》注云(yun)：“《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》，周武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)伐(fa)(fa)纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)也，以(yi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)播(bo)其(qi)声，又为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞。”於《祭(ji)统》注云(yun)：“管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》，吹管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)而舞《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)也。”皆《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)、《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》乐(le)(le)并(bing)(bing)解(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。必知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)彼《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》非此(ci)(ci)(ci)篇者(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)彼三文(wen)皆云(yun)“升(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)《清(qing)庙》，下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》”，若是(shi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)篇，则(ze)(ze)(ze)与(yu)《清(qing)庙》俱是(shi)文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，不(bu)容一升(sheng)一下。今(jin)《清(qing)庙》则(ze)(ze)(ze)升(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)，《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》则(ze)(ze)(ze)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，明(ming)有(you)(you)父(fu)子(zi)(zi)尊卑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)异。《文(wen)王(wang)(wang)世(shi)子(zi)(zi)》於升(sheng)歌(ge)(ge)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，覆述其(qi)意(yi)云(yun)：“正君臣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)，贵贱之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，而上(shang)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义行(xing)焉。”言(yan)君臣上(shang)下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，明(ming)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》非文(wen)王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)，故知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)》诗(shi)，但(dan)序者(zhe)(zhe)避此(ci)(ci)(ci)《象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)》名(ming)，不(bu)言(yan)象(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)耳(er)。

维清缉熙，文王之典。典，法也。笺云：缉熙，光明也。天下之所以无败乱之政而清明者，乃文王有征伐之法故也。文王受命，七年五伐也。
　　○缉，七入反。熙，许(xu)其反。

[疏]“维清缉熙”。
　　○正义曰：诗人既睹太平，见奏《象舞》，乃述其所象之事，而归功於文王。言今日所以维皆清静光明无败乱之政者，乃由在前文王有征伐之法故也。其伐早晚为之，乃本受命始为禋祀昊天之时，以行此法，而伐纣之枝党。言其祭天乃伐，其法重而可遵，故至今武王用之，伐纣而有成功，致得天下清明。是此征伐之法，维为周家得天下之吉祥矣，故武王述其事而制此舞，诗人见其奏而歌之焉。此“维清缉熙”是当时之事，作者先言时事，然后上本文王，又据文王说之而下，故其言不次。
　　○传“典，法”。
　　○正义曰：《释诂》云：“典、法，常也。”俱训为常，是典得为法。
　　○笺“缉熙”至“五伐”。
　　○正义曰：《释诂》缉熙皆为(wei)光也，但(dan)光亦明(ming)(ming)也，故连(lian)言之(zhi)(zhi)。无败(bai)乱之(zhi)(zhi)政而清明(ming)(ming)者，虽伐(fa)纣之(zhi)(zhi)后，亦得为(wei)此。言要大为(wei)清明(ming)(ming)，必是太平之(zhi)(zhi)世。此当是周公(gong)、成王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，见其(qi)清明(ming)(ming)，乃上本文王(wang)(wang)也。文王(wang)(wang)七年五(wu)伐(fa)，即《尚书(shu)传》所云“二年伐(fa)于刂(dao)，三(san)年伐(fa)密须，四年伐(fa)犬夷(yi)，五(wu)年伐(fa)耆，六年伐(fa)崇”是也。

肇禋，肇，始。禋，祀也。笺云：文王受命，始祭天而枝伐也。《周礼》以禋祀祀昊天上帝。
　　○肇音(yin)召。禋音(yin)因(yin)，徐又音(yin)“烟”。

[疏]传“肇，始。禋，祀”。
　　○正义曰：“肇，始”，《释诂》文。又云：“禋、祀，祭也。”是禋祭为祀。
　　○笺“文王”至“上帝”。
　　○正义曰：禋者(zhe)，祭天(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)，故云(yun)“文王(wang)(wang)受命，始祭天(tian)而枝伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)”。《中候·我(wo)应》云(yun)：“枝伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)弱(ruo)势(shi)。”注云(yun)：“先伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)纣之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)枝党(dang)，以(yi)弱(ruo)其势(shi)，若崇(chong)(chong)侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属。”是枝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文也(ye)。文王(wang)(wang)祭天(tian)，必在(zai)(zai)受命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，未(wei)知以(yi)何年初(chu)祭。《皇(huang)矣(yi)》说伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)崇(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)云(yun)：“是类是禡。”类即祭天(tian)也(ye)。伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)崇(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后乃称(cheng)王(wang)(wang)，应伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)崇(chong)(chong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时始祭天(tian)耳。五(wu)伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)容(rong)有未(wei)祭天(tian)而已伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)，但所(suo)伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)唯(wei)崇(chong)(chong)为强(qiang)，言(yan)祭天(tian)而伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，据崇(chong)(chong)为说也(ye)。《我(wo)应》云(yun)：“玄汤伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)乱(luan)崇(chong)(chong){薜女(nv)}首。王(wang)(wang)曰：‘於戏！斯在(zai)(zai)伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)崇(chong)(chong)谢(xie)告。’”注云(yun)：“斯，此也(ye)。天(tian)命此在(zai)(zai)伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)崇(chong)(chong)侯虎，谢(xie)百姓，且告天(tian)。”是祭天(tian)而伐(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)，主为崇(chong)(chong)也(ye)。引(yin)《周礼》者(zhe)，《大宗伯》文，引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)证(zheng)禋为祭天(tian)也(ye)。文王(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时，禘郊未(wei)备，所(suo)祭不过感(gan)生之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝而已。引(yin)昊天(tian)上帝者(zhe)，取禋祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)成文。彼(bi)又云(yun)：“祀五(wu)帝亦如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”虽(sui)祭感(gan)生帝，亦用禋也(ye)。

迄用有成，维周之祯。迄，至。祯，祥也。笺云：文王造此征伐之法，至今用之而有成功，谓伐纣克胜也。征伐之法，乃周家得天下之吉祥。
　　○迄，许乞反。祺音其，《尔雅》云同。徐云：“本(ben)又作祯，音贞。”与，崔本(ben)同。

[疏]传“迄至祯祥”。
　　○正义曰：“迄，至”，《释诂》文。“祺，祥”，《释言》文。舍人曰：“祺福之祥。”厶氏曰：“《诗》云：‘维周之祺。’”定本、《集注》“祺”字作“祯”。
　　○笺“文王”至“吉祥”。
　　○正义(yi)曰：此诗(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)作，在周(zhou)公、成(cheng)王之(zhi)(zhi)时。以(yi)文王为古，故谓武(wu)王为今，自是辞相对耳，非言作诗(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)时为武(wu)王也。祥者，是徵(zhi)兆(zhao)之(zhi)(zhi)先见者也。文王始造(zao)伐法，武(wu)王用以(yi)成(cheng)功，是文王之(zhi)(zhi)法，为伐纣征兆(zhao)，故为周(zhou)家(jia)得(de)天下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)吉祥。

《维(wei)清》一章，五句。

《烈文》，成王即政，诸侯助祭也。新王即政，必以朝享之礼祭於祖考告，嗣位也。
　　○朝，直遥反。

[疏]“《烈文》十三句”。
　　○正义曰：《烈文》诗者，成王即政，诸侯助祭之乐歌也。谓周公居摄七年，致政成王，成王乃以明年岁首，即此为君之政，於是用朝享之礼祭於祖考，有诸侯助王之祭。既祭，因而戒之。诗人述其戒辞，而为此歌焉。经之所陈，皆戒辞也。武王崩之明年，与周公归政明年，俱得为成王即政，但此篇敕戒诸侯，用赏罚以为己任，非复丧中之辞，故知是致政之后年之事也。《臣工》序云：“遣於庙。”此不言遗者，彼敕之使在国有事，来咨於王，又令及时教民农业，是将遣而戒，故言遣以戒之。此则戒以为君之法，其辞不为将遣，故不言遣。笺意於经亦有卿士，序不言者，以诸侯为重，故举诸侯以总之。
　　○笺“新王”至“嗣位”。
　　○正(zheng)(zheng)义(yi)曰：解即政(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，得(de)(de)为(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)所(suo)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)(xin)王(wang)即政(zheng)(zheng)，必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)於(wu)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，告(gao)己(ji)今继嗣(si)其(qi)(qi)位。有此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，故(gu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必(bi)知用(yong)(yong)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)告(gao)事(shi)而(er)(er)已(yi)，不(bu)得(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)时祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼。而(er)(er)《周(zhou)(zhou)礼》四时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閒祀有追(zhui)享(xiang)(xiang)、朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。追(zhui)享(xiang)(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，追(zhui)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)迁庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)事(shi)有所(suo)祷请，非即政(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)当(dang)(dang)用(yong)(yong)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，朝(chao)(chao)(chao)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)受政(zheng)(zheng)而(er)(er)因(yin)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)先(xian)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，即《春(chun)秋(qiu)》文(wen)(wen)六(liu)年，“闰月(yue)(yue)不(bu)告(gao)朔(shuo)”，犹朝(chao)(chao)(chao)於(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法》天子亲庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)与太(tai)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)皆月(yue)(yue)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。人(ren)君即政(zheng)(zheng)，必(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)正(zheng)(zheng)元日，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)日於(wu)法自当(dang)(dang)行朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，故(gu)知成(cheng)王(wang)即政(zheng)(zheng)，用(yong)(yong)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)礼以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，而(er)(er)有诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)助之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。新(xin)(xin)王(wang)即政(zheng)(zheng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)岁首朔(shuo)日，则(ze)(ze)是(shi)周(zhou)(zhou)正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)(yue)矣。《臣(chen)工(gong)》笺(jian)：“周(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)季(ji)春(chun)，於(wu)夏为(wei)(wei)孟(meng)(meng)春(chun)。”诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)，在(zai)周(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)季(ji)春(chun)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)於(wu)周(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孟(meng)(meng)春(chun)，得(de)(de)有诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)在(zai)京助王(wang)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新(xin)(xin)王(wang)即政(zheng)(zheng)，故(gu)特(te)命(ming)(ming)(ming)使(shi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)。或去冬朝(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，留得(de)(de)岁初也(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑於(wu)《顾命(ming)(ming)(ming)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)居摄六(liu)年为(wei)(wei)年端，则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)年未(wei)必(bi)六(liu)服尽来，盖近者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)至也(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《洛诰》说周(zhou)(zhou)公致政(zheng)(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)云(yun)：“烝(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)岁，文(wen)(wen)王(wang)骍牛(niu)(niu)一(yi)(yi)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)骍牛(niu)(niu)一(yi)(yi)。王(wang)命(ming)(ming)(ming)作册(ce)，逸祝(zhu)册(ce)，惟告(gao)周(zhou)(zhou)公其(qi)(qi)后。”注(zhu)云(yun)：“岁，成(cheng)王(wang)元年正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)日也(ye)(ye)(ye)。用(yong)(yong)二(er)特(te)牛(niu)(niu)祫(xia)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)於(wu)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，使(shi)史逸读所(suo)册(ce)祝(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)书告(gao)神，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)(zhou)公其(qi)(qi)宜为(wei)(wei)后，谓封(feng)(feng)伯禽也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”彼(bi)言正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)(yue)朔(shuo)日，与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)告(gao)嗣(si)同(tong)日事(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，彼(bi)言祫(xia)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)言即政(zheng)(zheng)助祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，是(shi)王(wang)自祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，告(gao)己(ji)嗣(si)位；彼(bi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)，谓告(gao)封(feng)(feng)周(zhou)(zhou)公。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)礼必(bi)不(bu)得(de)(de)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。何则(ze)(ze)？身未(wei)受位，不(bu)可先(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)封(feng)(feng)人(ren)，明是(shi)二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)各自设祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)。当(dang)(dang)是(shi)先(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，遍祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)群(qun)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)己(ji)嗣(si)位。於(wu)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末(mo)，即敕戒诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)事(shi)讫，乃更以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)礼合祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)於(wu)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)封(feng)(feng)周(zhou)(zhou)公也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必(bi)知彼(bi)与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)非一(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)即政(zheng)(zheng)用(yong)(yong)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)享(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼，当(dang)(dang)各就(jiu)其(qi)(qi)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)；彼(bi)封(feng)(feng)周(zhou)(zhou)公，唯(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)而(er)(er)已(yi)，故(gu)知不(bu)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼(bi)注(zhu)知合祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)、武(wu)(wu)(wu)於(wu)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)彼(bi)经(jing)云(yun)“文(wen)(wen)王(wang)骍牛(niu)(niu)一(yi)(yi)，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)骍牛(niu)(niu)一(yi)(yi)”，即云(yun)“王(wang)命(ming)(ming)(ming)作册(ce)”，是(shi)并告(gao)二(er)神，一(yi)(yi)处为(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)，卑(bei)当(dang)(dang)就(jiu)尊，故(gu)知在(zai)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祖(zu)(zu)(zu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)遍告(gao)群(qun)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)。而(er)(er)笺(jian)唯(wei)言祖(zu)(zu)(zu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祖(zu)(zu)(zu)考(kao)(kao)(kao)总辞，可以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)兼(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)(miao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。

烈文辟公，锡兹祉福。惠我无疆，子孙保之。烈，光也。文王锡之。笺云：惠，爱也。光文百辟卿士及天下诸侯者，天锡之以此祉福也，又长爱之无有期竟，子孙得传世，安而居之。谓文王、武王以纯德受命定天位。
　　○辟音壁(bi)。注(zhu)下皆同。祉音耻。疆，居(ju)良反(fan)，竟也(ye)。传，直专反(fan)。

[疏]“烈文辟公”。
　　○毛以为，成王於祭之末，呼诸侯而戒之曰：汝等有是光明文章者，君人之辟公，我先君文王赐汝以此祉福也。言文王造始周国，此等作周藩屏，得为诸侯之福，乃是文王赐之。文王既赐以此福，又爱我此等诸侯无有竟已之时，令其子孙得常安之。言文王终常爱之，使得传世不绝也。既言文王如此，又说武王亦然。我武王伐纣之后，以旧国皆应削灭，而我武王观汝旧为君者，诚无大累於汝国，维我武王，其就封立之。言武王亦爱诸侯，不复贬退也。我文王、武王爱汝先人如此，汝当念此先人之大功，继续父祖馀胤，序其美之，欲使之循行美政，以继其先祖也。又为之陈武王之德，无疆乎维是得贤人，若得其贤，则国家强矣。四方有不率服者，其可训导之。不显乎维是有德，若能有德，此贤人则身必显矣。百辟有无所法者，其可师此显德而法象之。言武王有显德，任贤人，能以训四方，刑百辟，是武王之道至美矣。於乎我之前王，则此武王其道不可忘也。示之以武王之道，欲使法而行之。
　　○郑以为，助祭者有卿士与诸侯，公辞兼戒之。成王於祭之末，呼之曰：汝有光明文章者，百辟卿士与群公诸侯等，上天赐我文王，以此王天下之祉福，又爱我文王、武王，其爱之多无有疆畔，使其子孙常得安而居之，故我今得嗣守其位，制赏罚之柄。汝诸侯等，若无大罪恶累及於汝国，维我王家，其必宠而益厚之。谓增其爵命，加之土地也。汝卿大夫等，若能念此居官大功，勤事不废，我则使汝继世在位，得其次序。有殊勋异绩，其出於外而君之。汝等当勤力为善也。又教之为善之法，汝辟公等，无疆乎维是得贤人，若得贤人，则国家强矣。四方邻国知汝任贤，其皆顺从之。汝卿士等，不明乎维是勤其德，若能勤德，则身明显矣。百辟卿士知汝有德，其皆法则之。此任贤、勤德之事，事之美者，於乎我之前王，文王、武王能勤行此道之故，人称诵之不忘。汝等宜法效前王，亦勤行之。
　　○传“烈光”至“锡之”。
　　○正义曰：“烈，光”，《释诂》文。以辟公之下，即言赐福，是赐之以福，使得为此辟公也。文王是周之创业之主，文王造此周国，此等得在周统内列为诸侯，乃是文王之所锡，故言文王锡之。其实武王封建，亦是武王赐之矣。传以“锡兹祉福”为文王赐诸侯，则“惠我无疆”亦是文王爱诸侯。“子孙保之”，谓诸侯得继世也。其文皆无卿士，则辟公谓君人之公，非百辟卿士矣。
　　○笺“惠爱”至“天位”。
　　○正义曰(yue)：“惠，爱”，《释(shi)诂》文也。以(yi)《月(yue)令(ling)》云百(bai)(bai)辟是(shi)卿(qing)士(shi)之总称，下(xia)有“尔邦(bang)(bang)”、“百(bai)(bai)辟”与(yu)此(ci)相承(cheng)，则辟当下(xia)百(bai)(bai)辟，公当下(xia)尔邦(bang)(bang)，故(gu)分辟、公为(wei)(wei)二，即辟公谓(wei)(wei)卿(qing)士(shi)及天下(xia)诸(zhu)侯(hou)也。此(ci)既分辟公为(wei)(wei)二，故(gu)下(xia)两经(jing)亦分为(wei)(wei)二，皆上戒诸(zhu)侯(hou)，下(xia)戒百(bai)(bai)辟，与(yu)此(ci)势相成也。又以(yi)下(xia)云“尔邦(bang)(bang)”谓(wei)(wei)诸(zhu)侯(hou)为(wei)(wei)“尔”，则此(ci)经(jing)云“我(wo)”，是(shi)成王自我(wo)，非(fei)我(wo)诸(zhu)侯(hou)也，故(gu)易传以(yi)为(wei)(wei)天赐(ci)祉福(fu)，谓(wei)(wei)赐(ci)文王、武王以(yi)王天下(xia)之福(fu)也。爱之无有期竟，谓(wei)(wei)卜世三十，卜年七百(bai)(bai)，是(shi)长远无期竟也。先解经(jing)文，后指其事(shi)，故(gu)云“谓(wei)(wei)文王、武王以(yi)纯德(de)受(shou)命定天位也”。纯德(de)者，纯美之德(de)，即上篇所云“之德(de)之纯”是(shi)也。以(yi)文、武俱受(shou)天命，故(gu)连言之。

无封靡于尔邦，维王其崇之。念兹戎功，继序其皇之。封，大也。靡，累也。崇，立也。戎，大。皇，美也。笺云：崇，厚也。皇，君也。无大累於女国，谓诸侯治国无罪恶也。王其厚之，增其爵土也。念此大功，勤事不废，谓卿大夫能守其职，得继世在位以其次。序其君之者，谓有大功，王则出而封之。
　　○累，劣伪反。下同。

[疏]传“封大”至“皇美”。
　　○正义曰：定四年《左传》云：“吴为封豕长蛇。”封与长为类，则封豕为大豕，故封为大也。靡谓侈靡，奢侈淫靡是罪累之事，故靡为累也。《释诂》云：“崇，高也。”高是立之义，故以崇为立也。“戎，大。皇，美”，皆《释诂》文。传於此篇不言卿士，则此经所陈皆戒诸侯之事。上已言文王赐之，此又言维王立之，封立诸侯，始立於武王，则维王立之谓武王也。既陈文、武之爱诸侯，乃云“念此戎功”，则是戒诸侯使念父祖之大功也。诸侯各为一国之君，不得有次序之义。《释诂》云：“叙，绪也。”则继父祖之胤绪也。故王肃云：“武王得天下，因殷诸侯无大累於其国者，就立之。”序，继也，思继续先人之大功而美之。
　　○笺“崇厚”至“封之”。
　　○正(zheng)义(yi)曰：以崇(chong)训(xun)高(gao)也(ye)，高(gao)是(shi)厚(hou)义(yi)，故(gu)为厚(hou)也(ye)。“皇，后”，《释诂》文。无大(da)(da)(da)(da)累於(wu)汝国，为王者(zhe)劝诱(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞耳，其(qi)实小累亦不可(ke)也(ye)。若无罪累，则是(shi)有(you)功(gong)。王者(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)诸侯(hou)，有(you)功(gong)则赏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)知厚(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)谓增其(qi)爵(jue)土也(ye)。念此大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)，勤事不废，谓人臣守职(zhi)，当念立所(suo)职(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)，奉(feng)行(xing)不倦也(ye)。言大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)者(zhe)，为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)总(zong)目，於(wu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，又为等级(ji)。功(gong)小者(zhe)，犹得继世在位(wei)，得其(qi)次序，谓卿之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)为卿，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)为大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)，守其(qi)禄(lu)位(wei)，不失旧业(ye)也(ye)。功(gong)尤大(da)(da)(da)(da)者(zhe)，则其(qi)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓出(chu)封(feng)为诸侯(hou)也(ye)。《春(chun)官(guan)·典命(ming)》云：“王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三公八命(ming)，其(qi)卿六命(ming)，其(qi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)四命(ming)。其(qi)出(chu)封(feng)加一等。”是(shi)有(you)大(da)(da)(da)(da)功(gong)者(zhe)，王则出(chu)而(er)封(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。

无竞维人，四方其训之。不显维德，百辟其刑之。於乎前王不忘！竞，彊。训，道也。前王，武王也。笺云：无疆乎维得贤人也，得贤人则国家彊矣，故天下诸侯顺其所为也。不勤明其德乎，勤明之也，故卿大夫法其所为也。於乎先王，文王、武王，其於此道，人称颂之不忘。
　　○道音导。

[疏]传“竞彊”至“武王”。
　　○正义曰：“竞，彊”，《释言》文也。教训者，所以导诱人，故训为道也。成王之前，唯武王耳，故知前王武王。传以此篇皆戒诸侯之辞，此经所言，陈武王之事，使诸侯慕之也。
　　○笺“无彊”至“不忘”。
　　○正义曰：得贤国强，则四邻畏(wei)威(wei)慕德(de)，故天下诸(zhu)侯顺其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所为(wei)。言诸(zhu)侯得贤人(ren)，则其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀(yu)诸(zhu)侯顺之(zhi)(zhi)。“不显维德(de)”与(yu)上(shang)“无竞维人(ren)”相当。笺云“不明(ming)(ming)(ming)乎维勤(qin)(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)”，勤(qin)(qin)(qin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)则身明(ming)(ming)(ming)矣。欲(yu)明(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)，必勤(qin)(qin)(qin)行(xing)之(zhi)(zhi)，故笺从省文，通以(yi)为(wei)句耳，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)意亦与(yu)上(shang)同也。人(ren)虽(sui)同在寮位，有德(de)则尊(zun)，故卿(qing)大(da)夫能勤(qin)(qin)(qin)明(ming)(ming)(ming)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)者，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)馀(yu)卿(qing)大(da)夫则法其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所为(wei)也。文王(wang)、武王(wang)勤(qin)(qin)(qin)行(xing)此道，谓行(xing)此求(qiu)贤、勤(qin)(qin)(qin)德(de)之(zhi)(zhi)事，故人(ren)称(cheng)诵(song)之(zhi)(zhi)不忘也。定本有“文王(wang)、武王(wang)”，俗本唯有“武王(wang)”，误也。

《烈(lie)文》一章，十三句。

《天作》，祀先王先公也。先王，谓大王已下。先公，诸盩至不窋。
　　○大音泰。“大王(wang)”、“大祖”皆同(tong)。盩，直(zhi)留反，又音侜。窋，陟律反。

[疏]“《天作》七句”。
　　○正义曰：《天作》诗者，祀先王先公之乐歌也。谓周公、成王之时，祭祀先王先公，诗人以今太平是先祖之力，故因此祭，述其事而作歌焉。祀先王先公，谓四时之祭，祠、礿、尝、烝。但祀是总名，未知在何时也。时祭所及，唯亲庙与大祖，於成王之世为时祭，当自大王以下，上及后稷一人而已。言先公者，唯斥后稷耳。於王既总称先王，故亦谓后稷为先公，令使其文相类。经之所陈，唯有先王之事，而序并言先公者，以诗人因於祭祀而作此歌，近举王迹所起，其辞不及於后稷。序以祭时实祭后稷，故其言及之。《昊天有成命》、经无地而序言地；《般》，经无海而序言海，亦此类也。
　　○笺“先王”至“不窋”。
　　○正义曰：周公(gong)(gong)之追(zhui)王(wang)(wang)，自(zi)大(da)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)下，此(ci)(ci)(ci)序并(bing)云(yun)王(wang)(wang)、公(gong)(gong)，故辨(bian)之也。诸盩至不(bu)窋(zhu)，於时(shi)(shi)并(bing)为(wei)(wei)毁庙，唯祫(xia)(xia)乃及(ji)之。此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)祀(si)者，乃是(shi)(shi)时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)，其祭(ji)(ji)不(bu)及(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)等先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)，而笺(jian)(jian)(jian)言(yan)(yan)之者，因以(yi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)之言(yan)(yan)，广解(jie)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)之义，不(bu)谓时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)皆及(ji)也。时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)唯后稷(ji)(ji)耳。若直言(yan)(yan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)谓后稷(ji)(ji)，嫌此(ci)(ci)(ci)等不(bu)为(wei)(wei)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)。欲(yu)明(ming)此(ci)(ci)(ci)皆为(wei)(wei)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)，非独后稷(ji)(ji)，故除去后稷(ji)(ji)而指(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)也。或缘郑(zheng)此(ci)(ci)(ci)言(yan)(yan)，谓此(ci)(ci)(ci)篇本(ben)为(wei)(wei)祫(xia)(xia)祭(ji)(ji)。案(an)《玄鸟》笺(jian)(jian)(jian)云(yun)：“祀(si)当为(wei)(wei)祫(xia)(xia)。”若郑(zheng)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)祫(xia)(xia)，亦(yi)当破此(ci)(ci)(ci)祀(si)字，今(jin)不(bu)破祀(si)字，明(ming)非祫(xia)(xia)也。《天(tian)保》云(yun)：“禴祠烝尝，于(yu)公(gong)(gong)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)。”彼举(ju)时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)之名，亦(yi)兼言(yan)(yan)公(gong)(gong)、王(wang)(wang)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)，何故不(bu)可兼言(yan)(yan)公(gong)(gong)、王(wang)(wang)也？彼祭(ji)(ji)亦(yi)不(bu)尽(jin)及(ji)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)，而笺(jian)(jian)(jian)广解(jie)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)何故不(bu)可广解(jie)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)也？且(qie)此(ci)(ci)(ci)诗若是(shi)(shi)祫(xia)(xia)祭(ji)(ji)，作序者言(yan)(yan)祫(xia)(xia)於太祖，则辞要理当，何须烦文(wen)言(yan)(yan)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)王(wang)(wang)、先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)公(gong)(gong)也？以(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)知所言(yan)(yan)祀(si)者，正是(shi)(shi)时(shi)(shi)祭(ji)(ji)。

天作高山，大王荒之。作，生。荒，大也。天生万物於高山，大王行道，能大天之所作也。笺云：高山，谓岐山也。《书》曰：“道岍及岐，至于荆山。”天生此高山，使兴云雨，以利万物。大王自豳迁焉，则能尊大之，广其德泽。居之一年成邑，二年成都，三年五倍其初。
　　○岐，其宜反(fan)。道(dao)音导。汧，口(kou)田(tian)反(fan)，又口(kou)见反(fan)。豳，彼贫反(fan)。

[疏]“天作高山”。毛以为，天之生此万物，在於高山之上。大王居岐，脩其道德，使兴云雨，长大此天所生者，即阴阳和，是其能长大之。下四句又说文王之德被万民。居岐邦，筑作宫室者，文王则能安之。彼万民又后往者，由此岐邦之君有佼易之道故也。下一句云由父祖之德若此，令子孙得保天位，前往者文王安之，后往者亦能安之。后往者，以岐邦之君有佼易之德；前往者亦然，为互文也。
　　○郑上二句别具在笺。馀同。
　　○传“作生”至“所作”。
　　○正义曰：作者，造立之言，故为生也。荒者，宽广之义，故为大也。
　　○笺“高山”至“其初”。
　　○正义曰：以文王未徙丰之前，兴大王皆在岐，故知高山谓岐山也。以云“天生高山”，不言天生万物，故易毛也。引《书》曰“导岍及岐，至于荆山”，《禹贡》文。彼言禹所开导，从岍山及岐山至於荆山，皆举大山以言，而岐山在其中，引之以证岐山为高山也。《祭法》称山林川谷能出风雨。僖三十一年《公羊传》云：“触石而出，肤寸而合，不崇朝而雨天下者，其唯泰山乎。”是高山能兴云雨而利万物也。大王能尊大之，广其德泽者，谓德及草木，使之茂殖。若《旱麓》云“榛楛济济”，是广山之德泽也。山之德泽既广，则山之为神益尊，是尊大之也。韦昭云：“大王秋祀之而尊大焉。”指谓祭之为大，未必然也。大王能广山德泽，明其爱民甚矣，故民皆从之。居之一年成邑，二年成都，三年五倍其初，是由王之有德，故致然也。自“一年成邑”以下，《中候·稷起》之注亦与此同，当有成文，不知事何所出。《周礼》四井为邑，四邑为丘，四丘为甸，四甸为县，四县为都。《左传》曰：“邑有先君之宗庙曰都，无曰邑。”各自相对为文耳。此都、邑不与彼同也，邑是居处之名，都是众聚之称，都必大於邑，故一年即成邑，二年乃成都也。《书传》说大王迁岐，周民束脩奔而从之者三千乘，止而成三千户之邑，谓初迁时也。此云一年，当谓年终之时，其邑当不啻三千，但不知其定数耳。
　　○郑注《禹贡》，以为尧之时，土广五千里；禹弼成五服，土广万里。王肃难郑云：“禹之时，土广三倍於尧，计万里为方五千里者四。而肃谓三倍，则除本而三。此云五倍，盖亦除本而五，并本为六也。”彼作矣，文王康之。彼徂矣，岐有夷之行，夷，易也。笺云：彼，彼万民也。徂，往。行，道也。彼万民居岐邦者，皆筑作宫室，以为常居，文王则能安之。后之往者，又以岐邦之君有佼易之道故也。《易》曰：“乾以易知，坤以简能。易则易知，简则易从。易知则有亲，易从则有功。有亲则可久，有功则可大。可久则贤人之德，可大则贤人之业。”以此订大王、文王之道，卓尔与天地合其德。
　　○行如字，王、徐并下孟反(fan)(fan)(fan)。夷易(yi)，羊(yang)豉(chi)反(fan)(fan)(fan)，下徐“《易(yi)》曰”皆同。佼，古(gu)卯反(fan)(fan)(fan)。乾，其(qi)连反(fan)(fan)(fan)。巛，苦魂反(fan)(fan)(fan)，字亦作“坤(kun)”。订(ding)，待顶反(fan)(fan)(fan)，沈又直丁反(fan)(fan)(fan)，《说文》云：“评议也。”《谱》云：“参(can)订(ding)时(shi)验，谓平比之也。”《字诂》云：“订(ding)，平也。”

子孙保之！

[疏]传“夷，易”。
　　○正义曰：《释诂》文。
　　○笺“彼彼”至“其德”。
　　○正(zheng)义曰(yue)：彼(bi)(bi)徂为(wei)(wei)民往(wang)(wang)(wang)，则(ze)(ze)彼(bi)(bi)作为(wei)(wei)民作，徂、作皆是(shi)民事(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知“彼(bi)(bi)，彼(bi)(bi)万民也(ye)(ye)(ye)”。“徂，往(wang)(wang)(wang)”，《释诂》文(wen)(wen)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)人(ren)(ren)所行(xing)(xing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)行(xing)(xing)为(wei)(wei)道(dao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。徂谓(wei)新(xin)往(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)作为(wei)(wei)前至者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。此(ci)“作矣(yi)(yi)”，即《绵》诗所谓(wei)“曰(yue)止曰(yue)时，筑室(shi)於兹”，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)皆筑作宫室(shi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)常居。言(yan)(yan)常者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，见(jian)其(qi)(qi)心(xin)乐此(ci)居，不(bu)(bu)复(fu)移转也(ye)(ye)(ye)。后之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)往(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)岐邦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君有(you)(you)佼(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)此(ci)君其(qi)(qi)性佼(jiao)(jiao)健和(he)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，爱民之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)情深，故(gu)(gu)(gu)归之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)“《易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)》曰(yue)”尽(jin)“贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业”，皆《系辞》文(wen)(wen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)乾以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)佼(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)知，坤(kun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)凝简(jian)(jian)故(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。人(ren)(ren)能(neng)(neng)(neng)佼(jiao)(jiao)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，则(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)情易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知；凝简(jian)(jian)，则(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)行(xing)(xing)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)从。情易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知则(ze)(ze)人(ren)(ren)亲(qin)(qin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知则(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)亲(qin)(qin)。行(xing)(xing)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)从则(ze)(ze)功(gong)(gong)可(ke)就，故(gu)(gu)(gu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)从则(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)。人(ren)(ren)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)不(bu)(bu)我亲(qin)(qin)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)久，故(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)亲(qin)(qin)则(ze)(ze)可(ke)久。由(you)举事(shi)无功(gong)(gong)，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大，故(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)则(ze)(ze)可(ke)大。为(wei)(wei)物(wu)(wu)所亲(qin)(qin)，事(shi)可(ke)长久，是(shi)为(wei)(wei)德(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)所成，故(gu)(gu)(gu)可(ke)久则(ze)(ze)贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)。举事(shi)有(you)(you)功(gong)(gong)，道(dao)可(ke)广大，是(shi)为(wei)(wei)业有(you)(you)所就，故(gu)(gu)(gu)可(ke)大则(ze)(ze)贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业。生人(ren)(ren)能(neng)(neng)(neng)事(shi)德(de)(de)(de)业而(er)已，易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，无往(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)究，故(gu)(gu)(gu)彼(bi)(bi)又云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)而(er)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)得(de)。”是(shi)天地之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)，易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)而(er)已。岐邦之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君，亦有(you)(you)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行(xing)(xing)，是(shi)与天地同功(gong)(gong)。订者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，比并(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)。卓(zhuo)然(ran)，高(gao)远之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)乾坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，比并(bing)大王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)、文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道(dao)，则(ze)(ze)此(ci)二王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)卓(zhuo)尔(er)(er)高(gao)远，与天地合其(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)(de)矣(yi)(yi)。若(ruo)然(ran)，易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，穷(qiong)天下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精，则(ze)(ze)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)乃(nai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)(de)”，“贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)弼云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“不(bu)(bu)曰(yue)圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)体无不(bu)(bu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)人(ren)(ren)名(ming)而(er)名(ming)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)，皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)贤(xian)(xian)人(ren)(ren)名(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”然(ran)则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)贤(xian)(xian)是(shi)圣(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)次，故(gu)(gu)(gu)寄贤(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)名(ming)。穷(qiong)易(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)简(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理(li)，尽(jin)乾坤(kun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)奥，必圣(sheng)人(ren)(ren)乃(nai)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耳。文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)当之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，大王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)则(ze)(ze)未(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)。而(er)并(bing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“与天地合德(de)(de)(de)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)是(shi)亚圣(sheng)大贤(xian)(xian)，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)比於文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)，褒美其(qi)(qi)事(shi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)连言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。其(qi)(qi)实大王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)未(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)尽(jin)此(ci)妙也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《谱》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“参订时验”，是(shi)订为(wei)(wei)比并(bing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。《论语》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“如有(you)(you)所立卓(zhuo)尔(er)(er)。”是(shi)卓(zhuo)尔(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)高(gao)远之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)。

《天作》一章，七句。

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