●卷四
冢人掌公墓之地，辨其兆域而为之图，先王之葬居中，以昭穆为左右。（公，君也。图，谓画其地形及丘垄所处而藏之。先王，造茔者。昭居左，穆居右，夹处东西。
○夹，古(gu)浃反，刘古(gu)协反。）
[疏]注“公君”至“东西”
○释曰：训(xun)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)君者(zhe)(zhe)，言公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)则(ze)诸(zhu)侯之(zhi)(zhi)通(tong)称，言君则(ze)上通(tong)天子(zi)。此既王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)墓域，故(gu)训(xun)为(wei)(wei)君也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“图谓(wei)画其地形(xing)及丘(qiu)垄所处(chu)(chu)(chu)而藏之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)未有死者(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)时，先(xian)画其地之(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)势，豫图出其丘(qiu)垄之(zhi)(zhi)处(chu)(chu)(chu)。丘(qiu)垄之(zhi)(zhi)言，即(ji)下(xia)文丘(qiu)封是(shi)也(ye)。既为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)图，明藏掌，後(hou)须(xu)葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)者(zhe)(zhe)，依图置之(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“先(xian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)造(zao)茔(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)”，但王(wang)(wang)(wang)宅之(zhi)(zhi)都，有迁(qian)徙(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)法，若文王(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)丰(feng)，武王(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)镐，平王(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)於(wu)洛邑，所都而葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)，即(ji)是(shi)造(zao)茔(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。若文王(wang)(wang)(wang)在丰(feng)，葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)於(wu)毕，子(zi)孙皆就而葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)，即(ji)以(yi)(yi)文王(wang)(wang)(wang)居(ju)中，文王(wang)(wang)(wang)弟(di)当穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，则(ze)武王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)居(ju)左，成王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居(ju)右(you)，康王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)居(ju)左，昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居(ju)右(you)，已下(xia)皆然。至(zhi)平王(wang)(wang)(wang)东迁(qian)，死葬(zang)(zang)(zang)(zang)即(ji)又(you)是(shi)造(zao)茔(ying)者(zhe)(zhe)，子(zi)孙据昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)夹(jia)处(chu)(chu)(chu)东西。若然，兄死弟(di)及俱为(wei)(wei)君，则(ze)以(yi)(yi)兄弟(di)为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，以(yi)(yi)其弟(di)已为(wei)(wei)臣(chen)，臣(chen)子(zi)一列(lie)，则(ze)如父子(zi)，故(gu)别昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)也(ye)。必知义(yi)然者(zhe)(zhe)，案文二年(nian)秋八月，大(da)事(shi)(shi)于大(da)庙(miao)，跻僖(xi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，谓(wei)以(yi)(yi)惠公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)当昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，隐公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，桓公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，庄公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，僖(xi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，今升僖(xi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)於(wu)闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)上为(wei)(wei)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)，闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)为(wei)(wei)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)逆(ni)祀也(ye)。知不(bu)(bu)以(yi)(yi)兄弟(di)同(tong)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)位，升僖(xi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)於(wu)闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)上为(wei)(wei)逆(ni)祀者(zhe)(zhe)，案定公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)八年(nian)经云(yun)(yun)“从祀先(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”，《传》曰“顺(shun)祀先(xian)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)而祈焉”。若本(ben)同(tong)伦，以(yi)(yi)僖(xi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)升於(wu)闵公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)上，则(ze)以(yi)(yi)後(hou)诸(zhu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)乱，何因(yin)至(zhi)定八年(nian)始云(yun)(yun)顺(shun)祀乎？明本(ben)以(yi)(yi)僖(xi)闵昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)别，故(gu)於(wu)後(hou)皆乱也(ye)。若然，兄弟(di)相事(shi)(shi)，後(hou)事(shi)(shi)兄为(wei)(wei)君，则(ze)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)易可知。但置茔(ying)以(yi)(yi)昭(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)夹(jia)处(chu)(chu)(chu)，与置庙(miao)同(tong)也(ye)。
凡诸侯居左右以前，卿大夫士居後，各以其族。（子孙各就其所出王，以尊卑处其前後，而亦并昭穆。
○并，薄泠反(fan)。）
[疏]“凡诸侯居”至“其族”
○释曰：言“凡”者，以其非一，故并卿大夫以凡之。此因上而言。以其王之子孙，皆为天子，庶为诸侯卿大夫士。若出封畿外为诸侯卿大夫士者，因彼国葬而为造茔之主。今言诸侯卿大夫士者，谓上文先王子孙为畿内诸侯、王朝卿大夫士。死者则居先王前後之左右。言“居左右”者，若父为天王是昭，则子为穆居右。若父是穆，则子为昭居左。为卿大夫居後亦然。但昭穆不定，故左右俱言，谓一父之前後左右并有也。云“各以其族”者，谓次第。假令同昭穆，兄当近王墓，弟则远王墓为次第。诸侯言左右，卿大夫士下云各以其族，互相通也。
○注“子孙”至“昭穆”
○释(shi)曰：言“子孙(sun)(sun)”者(zhe)，据造茔者(zhe)所生(sheng)为子，已後(hou)左右，王之所生(sheng)，累(lei)世皆是(shi)孙(sun)(sun)。言以尊卑(bei)处其前後(hou)者(zhe)，尊谓(wei)诸侯，卑(bei)谓(wei)卿大夫士(shi)。云“亦并昭(zhao)穆(mu)”者(zhe)，谓(wei)兄(xiong)弟同伦(lun)，当(dang)昭(zhao)自与昭(zhao)并，当(dang)穆(mu)自与穆(mu)并，不谓(wei)昭(zhao)穆(mu)并有也。
凡死於兵者，不(bu)入(ru)兆域(yu)。（战败无勇，投诸茔外以罚之。）
[疏]注“战败”至“罚之”
○释曰：《曲礼》云“死寇曰兵”，注云“当飨禄其後”，即(ji)下文(wen)云“凡有(you)功者居前(qian)”是(shi)也(ye)。此是(shi)战(zhan)败，故投之茔外罚(fa)之也(ye)。
凡(fan)有功者居(ju)(ju)前。（居(ju)(ju)王墓(mu)之前，处昭穆之中(zhong)央。）
[疏]注“居王”至“中央”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)前(qian)”，则(ze)不问为诸侯与卿大(da)夫士，但是(shi)有功(gong)，则(ze)皆(jie)得居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)王墓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)，以表显之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。此则(ze)《曲礼》云(yun)(yun)“死寇(kou)曰兵”，兼馀功(gong)，若(ruo)《司勋(xun)》王功(gong)、事功(gong)、国功(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等皆(jie)是(shi)也(ye)。言“处(chu)昭(zhao)穆(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中央(yang)”者(zhe)，上云(yun)(yun)“诸侯居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)左(zuo)右已前(qian)”，即是(shi)昭(zhao)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)左(zuo)，穆(mu)居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)右。今云(yun)(yun)昭(zhao)穆(mu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中央(yang)，谓正当(dang)王冢前(qian)，由(you)其有功(gong)，故特居(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中显异之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。
以爵等为丘封之度与其树数。（别尊卑也。王公曰丘，诸臣曰封。《汉律》曰：“列侯坟高四丈，关内侯以下至庶人各有差。”
○别，彼列(lie)反。）
[疏]“以爵”至“树数”
○释曰：此文自王已下皆有，而云爵等为丘封之度，则天子亦是爵号也。虽云度与树数，天子已下无差次之文。
○注“别尊”至“有差”
○释曰(yue)：云“别尊卑(bei)”，尊者(zhe)丘(qiu)高(gao)(gao)(gao)而树(shu)多，卑(bei)者(zhe)封(feng)下(xia)而树(shu)少，故云别尊卑(bei)也(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)知“王(wang)公(gong)曰(yue)丘(qiu)，诸臣曰(yue)封(feng)”者(zhe)，此(ci)无正(zheng)文(wen)。《尔雅(ya)》云，土之(zhi)高(gao)(gao)(gao)者(zhe)曰(yue)丘(qiu)。高(gao)(gao)(gao)丘(qiu)曰(yue)阜，是自然之(zhi)物(wu)，故属之(zhi)王(wang)公(gong)也(ye)(ye)。聚土曰(yue)封(feng)，人(ren)所(suo)造，故属之(zhi)诸臣。若然，则公(gong)中可以(yi)(yi)兼五等也(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)引(yin)《汉律》者(zhe)，《周礼(li)》丘(qiu)封(feng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)下(xia)树(shu)木之(zhi)数无文(wen)，以(yi)(yi)汉法况(kuang)之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。若然，案《春秋纬》云：“天(tian)子坟高(gao)(gao)(gao)三刃，树(shu)以(yi)(yi)松(song)；诸侯半之(zhi)，树(shu)以(yi)(yi)柏(bo)；大夫八尺，树(shu)以(yi)(yi)栾；士四尺，树(shu)以(yi)(yi)槐；庶人(ren)无坟，树(shu)以(yi)(yi)杨柳。”郑(zheng)(zheng)不引(yin)之(zhi)者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)《春秋纬》或说异代(dai)，多与(yu)《周礼(li)》乖，故不引(yin)，或郑(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)不见也(ye)(ye)。《王(wang)制(zhi)(zhi)》云“庶人(ren)不封(feng)不树(shu)”，而《春秋纬》云“庶人(ren)树(shu)以(yi)(yi)杨柳”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)庶人(ren)礼(li)所(suo)不制(zhi)(zhi)，故树(shu)杨柳也(ye)(ye)。
大丧既有日，请度甫，遂为之尸。（甫，始也。请量度所始之处地。为尸者，成葬为祭墓地之尸也。郑司农云：“既有日，既有葬日也。始时，祭以告后土，冢人为之尸。”
○度(du)，待(dai)洛(luo)反，注“量度(du)”同。）
[疏]“大丧”至“之尸”
○释曰：大丧，谓王丧。有日，谓葬日。天子七月而葬，葬用下旬。云“请度甫”者，谓冢人请於冢宰，量度始穿地之处也。言遂为尸者，因事曰遂。初请量度，至葬讫祭墓，故冢人遂为尸也。
○注“甫始”至“之尸”
○释曰：先(xian)郑以“遂为(wei)之(zhi)尸(shi)”，据始穿(chuan)时祭(ji)墓(mu)地，冢(zhong)人(ren)为(wei)之(zhi)尸(shi)。後(hou)郑据始穿(chuan)时无祭(ji)事(shi)，至葬讫(qi)成墓(mu)，乃(nai)始祭(ji)墓(mu)，故冢(zhong)人(ren)为(wei)尸(shi)。不(bu)从先(xian)郑者，见《小宗伯》云“卜葬兆，甫哭之(zhi)”，又云“既葬，诏(zhao)相丧(sang)祭(ji)之(zhi)礼”，丧(sang)祭(ji)谓虞，下(xia)乃(nai)云“成葬而祭(ji)墓(mu)为(wei)位”。据彼文，则初穿(chuan)地时无祭(ji)墓(mu)地之(zhi)事(shi)，葬讫(qi)乃(nai)有祭(ji)墓(mu)地，即此遂为(wei)之(zhi)尸(shi)，一也。故後(hou)郑不(bu)从先(xian)郑。若然，引之(zhi)在下(xia)者，《小宗伯》虽无初祭(ji)墓(mu)地之(zhi)事(shi)，亦得通(tong)一义，故引之(zhi)在下(xia)。
及，以度为丘隧，共丧之窆器。（隧，羡道也。度丘与羡道广袤所至。窆器，下棺丰碑之属。《丧大记》曰：“凡封，用，去碑，负引，君封以衡，大夫以咸。”
○窆，彼验反，又补邓反。去，起(qi)吕反。咸，本又作(zuo)缄(jian)，同(tong)古(gu)咸反。）
[疏]“及”至“窆器”
○释曰：上经已甫祭墓讫，此经复云及以度为丘隧者，此更本初欲之时，先量度作丘作隧道之处广狭长短，故文重耳。
○注“隧羡”至“以咸”
○释曰：以案僖二十五年《左传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)：“晋文公请隧(sui)，不许。王曰：未有代德，而(er)有二王。”则天子(zi)有隧(sui)，诸侯(hou)已下(xia)(xia)(xia)有羡(xian)(xian)道。隧(sui)与羡(xian)(xian)异者(zhe)(zhe)，隧(sui)道则上有负(fu)土，谓若(ruo)(ruo)郑(zheng)庄公与母掘地隧(sui)而(er)相见(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。羡(xian)(xian)道上无(wu)负(fu)土。若(ruo)(ruo)然，隧(sui)与羡(xian)(xian)别，而(er)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“隧(sui)，羡(xian)(xian)道”者(zhe)(zhe)，对则异，散则通，故(gu)郑(zheng)举羡(xian)(xian)为(wei)(wei)况也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)棺丰碑之(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，按《檀弓(gong)》公肩假云(yun)(yun)：“公室视(shi)(shi)丰碑，三家(jia)视(shi)(shi)桓楹。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)：“丰，大(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。天子(zi)斫(zhuo)大(da)(da)(da)(da)木为(wei)(wei)碑，形(xing)如石碑，前後重(zhong)鹿卢。”是大(da)(da)(da)(da)碑之(zhi)(zhi)事。言(yan)“之(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)，仍有六(liu)纟(mi)率(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)等，故(gu)引(yin)《丧(sang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)记》也(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡(fan)封(feng)者(zhe)(zhe)，封(feng)即窆(bian)，谓下(xia)(xia)(xia)棺。云(yun)(yun)“执(zhi)绋(fu)(fu)去碑负(fu)引(yin)”者(zhe)(zhe)，谓天子(zi)千(qian)人(ren)分(fen)执(zhi)六(liu)绋(fu)(fu)，诸侯(hou)五百人(ren)分(fen)执(zhi)四绋(fu)(fu)。其棺当於(wu)圹上，执(zhi)绋(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)皆负(fu)绋(fu)(fu)背(bei)碑，以鼓为(wei)(wei)节而(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)“君封(feng)以衡，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)以咸(xian)(xian)”者(zhe)(zhe)，衡，横(heng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓以木横(heng)之(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)棺傍，乃(nai)以绋(fu)(fu)系木下(xia)(xia)(xia)棺。大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)以咸(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)卑，不得(de)以木横(heng)之(zhi)(zhi)，直(zhi)有棺傍咸(xian)(xian)耳，以绋(fu)(fu)系之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)下(xia)(xia)(xia)棺也(ye)(ye)(ye)。彼诸侯(hou)及大(da)(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)法(fa)，但(dan)天子(zi)无(wu)文，故(gu)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)，以为(wei)(wei)证天子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)耳。
及葬，言鸾车象人。（鸾车，巾车所饰遣车也，亦设鸾旗。郑司农云：“象人，谓以刍为人。言，言问其不如法度者。”玄谓言犹语也。语之者，告当行，若於生存者，於是巾车行之。孔子谓为刍灵者善，谓为俑者不仁，非作象人者，不殆於用生乎。
○巾，如字，刘居觐(jin)反。语，鱼据反，下同。俑，音勇(yong)。）
[疏]“及葬”至“象人”
○释曰：及，至也。谓至葬，冢人语巾车之官，将明器鸾车及象人，使行向圹。
○注“鸾车”至“生乎”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“鸾车(che)(che)(che)，巾车(che)(che)(che)所(suo)(suo)饰遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《巾车(che)(che)(che)职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)：“大丧饰遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)。”遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)则(ze)(ze)(ze)明器(qi)，遣(qian)(qian)送死者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之车(che)(che)(che)也。云(yun)(yun)“亦设鸾旗(qi)(qi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)有鸾和之铃，兼有旌(jing)，经直云(yun)(yun)鸾车(che)(che)(che)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)鸾旗(qi)(qi)，故(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)言(yan)之，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)ユ旗(qi)(qi)在车(che)(che)(che)所(suo)(suo)建，故(gu)知有车(che)(che)(che)亦有旗(qi)(qi)。先郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)谓以(yi)(yi)(yi)刍(chu)(chu)(chu)为(wei)人(ren)(ren)(ren)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，後郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)从。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)上古有刍(chu)(chu)(chu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，至周(zhou)不(bu)(bu)用(yong)，而用(yong)象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，则(ze)(ze)(ze)象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)与刍(chu)(chu)(chu)灵(ling)别也。云(yun)(yun)“言(yan)，言(yan)问其(qi)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)法(fa)度者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，此(ci)(ci)後郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)亦不(bu)(bu)从，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)临葬，不(bu)(bu)得(de)始问其(qi)不(bu)(bu)如(ru)法(fa)度。玄谓“语(yu)之者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，告(gao)当行，若於生存者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，於是(shi)巾车(che)(che)(che)行之”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)之数，依《檀弓》云(yun)(yun)：“诸(zhu)侯七(qi)乘(cheng)，大夫五(wu)乘(cheng)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)：“天子(zi)九乘(cheng)。”遣(qian)(qian)车(che)(che)(che)所(suo)(suo)载所(suo)(suo)苞大遣(qian)(qian)奠，大夫苞五(wu)个(ge)，诸(zhu)侯七(qi)个(ge)，天子(zi)当九个(ge)，令向圹，巾车(che)(che)(che)抱之而行也。云(yun)(yun)“孔(kong)子(zi)谓为(wei)刍(chu)(chu)(chu)灵(ling)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)善，谓为(wei)俑者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)(bu)仁，非(fei)作象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，不(bu)(bu)殆於用(yong)生乎”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)《檀弓》文(wen)。彼郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)：“俑，偶人(ren)(ren)(ren)也。”谓以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)木人(ren)(ren)(ren)，与生人(ren)(ren)(ren)相对偶，有似於人(ren)(ren)(ren)，此(ci)(ci)则(ze)(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)仁。又云(yun)(yun)：“非(fei)作象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)殆於用(yong)生乎哉”，是(shi)记人(ren)(ren)(ren)释孔(kong)子(zi)语(yu)。殆，近也。言(yan)用(yong)象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，不(bu)(bu)用(yong)於生人(ren)(ren)(ren)乎？是(shi)孔(kong)子(zi)善古而非(fei)周(zhou)人(ren)(ren)(ren)也。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)引此(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲破(po)先郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)刍(chu)(chu)(chu)灵(ling)与象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)为(wei)一。若然，则(ze)(ze)(ze)古时(shi)有涂车(che)(che)(che)刍(chu)(chu)(chu)灵(ling)，至周(zhou)仍存涂车(che)(che)(che)，唯改刍(chu)(chu)(chu)灵(ling)为(wei)象(xiang)(xiang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。
及窆，执斧以莅。（临下棺也。
○莅，音(yin)利，又音(yin)类(lei)。）
[疏]“及窆执斧以莅”
○释曰：案《乡师(shi)》云“执斧以莅匠(jiang)(jiang)师(shi)”，则此亦临(lin)匠(jiang)(jiang)师(shi)。两官(guan)俱临(lin)者(zhe)，葬(zang)事大，故二官(guan)共临(lin)也(ye)。
遂入藏凶(xiong)器(qi)(qi)。（凶(xiong)器(qi)(qi)，明器(qi)(qi)。）
[疏]注“凶器明器”
○释曰：因上(shang)文(wen)窆下棺讫，即遂(sui)入圹藏明器(qi)。明器(qi)，即《檀弓》云(yun)木不(bu)成(cheng)斫，瓦不(bu)成(cheng)味，琴瑟张而不(bu)平，笙竽备(bei)而不(bu)和(he)，神明死者之器(qi)者也。
正墓位，跸墓域，守墓禁。（位，谓丘封所居前(qian)後也(ye)。禁，所为茔限。）
[疏]“正墓”至“墓禁”
○释曰：墓位，即上文昭穆为左右，是须正之，使不失本位。墓域，即上文兆域是也，谓四畔沟兆。跸，谓止行人不得近之。守墓禁，谓禁制不得漫入也。
○注“位谓”至“茔限”
○释(shi)曰：云“丘封所居(ju)前(qian)後(hou)”者，即上(shang)文为诸侯及有功(gong)者居(ju)前(qian)，为卿大夫(fu)士者居(ju)後(hou)是也。云“禁(jin)所为茔限(xian)”者，谓禁(jin)者以茔域为限(xian)而(er)禁(jin)之。
凡祭(ji)墓(mu)，为(wei)尸(shi)。（祭(ji)墓(mu)为(wei)尸(shi)，或祷(dao)祈焉(yan)。郑司农(nong)云：“为(wei)尸(shi)，冢人(ren)为(wei)尸(shi)。”）
[疏]注“祭墓”至“为尸”
○释曰：後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)知此祭墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)为(wei)祷祈(qi)(qi)者，上文(wen)“遂为(wei)尸(shi)”，是(shi)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)新成祭后土；此文(wen)云(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)”，非一，故(gu)知谓祷祈(qi)(qi)也。先郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“为(wei)尸(shi)，冢人为(wei)尸(shi)”者，上文(wen)祭墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)，谓始穿地(di)时，此文(wen)据成墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)为(wei)尸(shi)。後(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)以此亦(yi)得通(tong)一义，故(gu)引(yin)之在下。是(shi)以《礼记(ji)·檀弓》云(yun)(yun)“有司舍奠於(wu)墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)左”，彼是(shi)成墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)所祭，亦(yi)引(yin)此“凡(fan)祭墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)为(wei)尸(shi)”证成墓(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)之事(shi)也。
凡(fan)诸侯及(ji)诸臣(chen)葬(zang)於墓者，授之兆，为之跸，均其禁。
[疏]“凡诸”至“其禁”
○释曰：上文唯见王及(ji)子(zi)孙之墓(mu)(mu)地(di)，不见同姓(xing)异姓(xing)诸侯之墓(mu)(mu)地(di)，故此经睹见之。若然(ran)，此墓(mu)(mu)地(di)旧有兆域(yu)，今新死者随即授之耳。
墓(mu)大(da)夫掌凡邦墓(mu)之(zhi)地域，为之(zhi)图，（凡邦中之(zhi)墓(mu)地，万(wan)民所葬地。）
[疏]注“凡邦”至“葬地”
○释曰：郑知邦中之(zhi)墓(mu)(mu)地是万(wan)民(min)葬(zang)地者(zhe)，以其冢人(ren)掌(zhang)王墓(mu)(mu)地，下文云(yun)“令国民(min)族葬(zang)”，非(fei)有爵(jue)者(zhe)，故知经邦墓(mu)(mu)是万(wan)民(min)。若然，下云(yun)“掌(zhang)其度(du)数”，郑云(yun)“度(du)数，爵(jue)等之(zhi)大小”，而见(jian)有爵(jue)者(zhe)，谓本(ben)为(wei)庶(shu)人(ren)设墓(mu)(mu)，其有子孙为(wei)卿大夫士，其葬(zang)不离父(fu)祖(zu)，故兼(jian)见(jian)卿大夫士也。
令国民(min)族葬，而(er)掌其(qi)禁令，（族葬，各从其(qi)亲。）
[疏]注“族葬各从其亲”
○释曰：经云“族葬(zang)(zang)”，则(ze)据五(wu)服(fu)之(zhi)内亲(qin)者(zhe)(zhe)共为一所而(er)葬(zang)(zang)，异(yi)族即别茔。知(zhi)族是五(wu)服(fu)之(zhi)内者(zhe)(zhe)，见《左传(chuan)》哭诸之(zhi)例云：“异(yi)姓临於(wu)外，同(tong)姓於(wu)宗庙(miao)，同(tong)宗於(wu)祖庙(miao)，同(tong)族於(wu)祢庙(miao)。”故知(zhi)族是服(fu)内，是以郑云“各从其亲(qin)”也。
正其位，掌(zhang)其度(du)数，（位，谓昭穆也(ye)。度(du)数，爵等(deng)之(zhi)大小。）
[疏]注“位谓”至“大小”
○释曰：凡(fan)万民墓地，亦如上文豫有昭穆为(wei)左右(you)，故云“正其位(wei)”。云“度数(shu)，爵等之大(da)小”者，亦如《冢人》云“丘(qiu)封之度与其树数(shu)”也。
使皆有私地(di)域。（古者万民墓地(di)同处，分其(qi)地(di)使各有区域，得以(yi)族葬後(hou)相容。）
[疏]注“古者”至“相容”
○释曰：知古者墓地同(tong)处(chu)者，上(shang)文云族葬(zang)是同(tong)处(chu)。云“使相容”者，释经私地域也。
凡争墓(mu)地者，听其(qi)(qi)狱讼。（争墓(mu)地，相侵(qin)区域。）帅其(qi)(qi)属而巡墓(mu)厉，居其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)之室以守(shou)之。（厉，茔(ying)限遮列处。郑司农云：“居其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)之室，主官寺(si)在墓(mu)中(zhong)。”）
[疏]“帅其”至“守之”
○释(shi)曰：云“帅(shuai)其(qi)属(shu)”者(zhe)，墓(mu)大(da)夫帅(shuai)下属(shu)官也(ye)。云“巡墓(mu)厉(li)”者(zhe)，谓墓(mu)大(da)夫帅(shuai)其(qi)属(shu)巡行遮(zhe)列之(zhi)处(chu)。云“居其(qi)中之(zhi)室以守之(zhi)”者(zhe)，谓万民葬(zang)地，族葬(zang)地中央为(wei)室，而(er)万民各自守之(zhi)。注先郑云“官寺(si)”，寺(si)则室也(ye)。
职丧(sang)掌(zhang)诸侯之(zhi)丧(sang)及卿大夫士凡有爵者之(zhi)丧(sang)，以国(guo)之(zhi)丧(sang)礼莅其(qi)禁令，序(xu)其(qi)事。（国(guo)之(zhi)丧(sang)礼，《丧(sang)服》、《士丧(sang)》、《既(ji)夕》、《士虞》今存者，其(qi)馀则亡。事，谓小(xiao)敛、大敛、葬也。）
[疏]“职丧”至“其事”
○释曰：言“诸侯”者，谓畿内王子母弟得称诸侯者，若《司裘》云“诸侯共熊侯豹侯”者也。言“凡有爵者”，还是卿大夫士，言“凡”以该之耳。云“序其事”者，谓若袭敛殡葬先後之事。
○注“国之”至“葬也”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)“国(guo)之(zhi)丧礼(li)，《丧服》、《士(shi)(shi)(shi)丧》、《既夕(xi)》、《士(shi)(shi)(shi)虞(yu)》今存者(zhe)(zhe)”，此据《仪礼(li)》之(zhi)内(nei)见(jian)在者(zhe)(zhe)而言，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)今存者(zhe)(zhe)。但《士(shi)(shi)(shi)丧礼(li)》，始(shi)死时(shi)事(shi)；《既夕(xi)》，葬(zang)时(shi)事(shi)；《士(shi)(shi)(shi)虞(yu)》，葬(zang)讫及日中而虞(yu)事(shi)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)馀则亡”者(zhe)(zhe)，但《仪礼(li)》本(ben)事(shi)义三千条(tiao)，其(qi)时(shi)有天子诸(zhu)侯卿(qing)大夫士(shi)(shi)(shi)丧与(yu)既夕(xi)及虞(yu)、卒哭，与(yu)、小祥、大祥礼(li)皆有，遭暴秦而亡，汉兴唯得十七篇，高堂生所(suo)传，即今《仪礼(li)》是(shi)也，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)其(qi)馀则亡。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“事(shi)谓小敛、大敛、葬(zang)也”者(zhe)(zhe)，举(ju)大事(shi)而言，其(qi)间仍(reng)有袭事(shi)，亦掌(zhang)之(zhi)，下(xia)文别见(jian)祭，故(gu)此不兼(jian)也。
凡国有司以王命有事焉，则诏赞主人。（有事，谓含礻遂赠之属。诏赞者，以告主人，佐其受之。郑司农云：“凡国，谓诸侯国。有司，谓王有司也。以王命有事，职丧主诏赞主人。”玄谓凡国有司，有司从王国以王命往。
○，芳凤反。）
[疏]注“有事”至“命往”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：知“有(you)事谓含(han)(han)(han)礻遂(sui)赠之属”者，《春秋(qiu)》云(yun)：“王使荣叔归(gui)含(han)(han)(han)且。”又(you)两小(xiao)传皆言(yan)：“衣被曰(yue)(yue)礻遂(sui)，货(huo)财曰(yue)(yue)赙，车马曰(yue)(yue)，珠(zhu)玉(yu)曰(yue)(yue)含(han)(han)(han)。”明知有(you)含(han)(han)(han)礻遂(sui)赠之属。又(you)案《士丧礼》兼有(you)赠无常(chang)，惟玩好是也(ye)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)赙者，赙施於(wu)生者，故(gu)亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)也(ye)。先郑云(yun)“凡国(guo)谓诸侯国(guo)，有(you)司(si)(si)(si)谓王有(you)司(si)(si)(si)也(ye)”，後(hou)郑不(bu)(bu)(bu)从者，下(xia)文云(yun)“公(gong)有(you)司(si)(si)(si)”，岂得公(gong)分(fen)之为(wei)(wei)诸侯有(you)司(si)(si)(si)、为(wei)(wei)王有(you)司(si)(si)(si)乎？明此国(guo)有(you)司(si)(si)(si)亦不(bu)(bu)(bu)得分(fen)之也(ye)。故(gu)後(hou)郑云(yun)“国(guo)有(you)司(si)(si)(si)，有(you)司(si)(si)(si)从王国(guo)以王命往(wang)”，向(xiang)丧家者也(ye)。
凡其丧祭，诏其号，治其礼。（郑司农云：“号谓谥号。”玄谓告以牲号、号之属，当以祝之。
○，音咨。）
[疏]“凡其”至“其礼”
○释曰：丧祭馀文皆为虞，此言“凡”者，以其丧中自相对，则虞为丧祭，卒哭为吉祭，若对二十八月为吉祭，则祥礻覃已前皆是丧祭故言凡以该之，是以郑亦不言丧祭为虞也。云“治其礼”者，案《大宗伯》亦云“治其礼”，郑云“谓简习其事”。此治其礼义亦然也。
○注“郑司”至“祝之”
○释(shi)曰：先郑(zheng)云(yun)“号谓谥号”，後郑(zheng)不(bu)从者，《小宗伯(bo)》云(yun)“小丧(sang)赐(ci)谥读诔”，不(bu)在此，故後郑(zheng)云(yun)：“告以(yi)牲号号之(zhi)属，当(dang)以(yi)祝之(zhi)。”有牲号、号，谓若《特牲》、《少(shao)牢》云(yun)“柔毛，刚鬣，嘉荐(jian)，普(pu)淖”，皆是(shi)祝辞，故云(yun)当(dang)以(yi)祝之(zhi)也。
凡(fan)公有(you)司之(zhi)所共，职丧令之(zhi)，趣其(qi)(qi)事(shi)(shi)。（令，令其(qi)(qi)当共物者(zhe)给事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)期也。有(you)司，或言公，或言国。言国者(zhe)，由(you)其(qi)(qi)君所来。居其(qi)(qi)官曰(yue)公。谓王遣使奉命有(you)赠之(zhi)物，各从其(qi)(qi)官出，职丧当催(cui)督(du)也。）
[疏]注“令令”至“督也”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“令(ling)，令(ling)其当(dang)供(gong)物(wu)者(zhe)给事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)期(qi)也(ye)”者(zhe)，此谓诸官(guan)(guan)依法，合供(gong)给丧(sang)(sang)家(jia)者(zhe)，不待王命，职(zhi)丧(sang)(sang)依式(shi)令(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，使相供(gong)。云(yun)(yun)“有(you)司(si)，或言公(gong)(gong)或言国(guo)。言国(guo)者(zhe)由其君所来”者(zhe)，解称(cheng)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意，君则王也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“居(ju)其官(guan)(guan)曰公(gong)(gong)”者(zhe)，谓不须王命，自居(ju)其官(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)职(zhi)。往供(gong)则曰公(gong)(gong)，公(gong)(gong)，谓官(guan)(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常职(zhi)也(ye)。
◎春官宗伯下
大(da)司乐掌成均(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法，以治(zhi)建(jian)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)学政，而合国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子弟焉。（郑司农(nong)云：“均(jun)，调(diao)也。乐师主(zhu)调(diao)其音，大(da)司乐主(zhu)受(shou)此成事已调(diao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐。”玄谓(wei)董(dong)仲(zhong)舒云：“成均(jun)，五帝(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)学。”成均(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法者(zhe)，其遗礼可法者(zhe)。国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子弟，公卿大(da)夫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子弟，当(dang)学者(zhe)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国子。《文王世子》曰：“於(wu)成均(jun)以及取爵於(wu)上(shang)尊。”然则周人立此学之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)。）
[疏]“大司”至“弟焉”
○释曰：云“掌成均之法，以治建国之学政”者，成均，五帝学名。建，立也。周人以成均学之旧法式，以立国之学内政教也。云“而合国之子弟焉”者，大司乐合聚国子弟，将此以教之。
○注“郑司”至“之宫”
○释(shi)曰：先郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“均(jun)(jun)，调(diao)也(ye)(ye)。乐(le)师(shi)(shi)主调(diao)其音，大(da)司(si)乐(le)主受此(ci)成(cheng)事已调(diao)之(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)乐(le)师(shi)(shi)惟教(jiao)国子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)小舞(wu)，大(da)司(si)乐(le)教(jiao)国子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)大(da)舞(wu)，其职有(you)异，彼乐(le)师(shi)(shi)又(you)无调(diao)乐(le)音之(zhi)(zhi)事。而(er)(er)(er)先郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)“乐(le)师(shi)(shi)主调(diao)其音，大(da)司(si)乐(le)主受其成(cheng)事”，义理不(bu)可(ke)(ke)，且董(dong)仲(zhong)(zhong)舒(shu)以成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)为五帝学(xue)(xue)，故依而(er)(er)(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)。玄谓董(dong)仲(zhong)(zhong)舒(shu)云(yun)(yun)“成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)，五帝之(zhi)(zhi)学(xue)(xue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，前汉董(dong)仲(zhong)(zhong)舒(shu)作(zuo)《春秋繁(fan)露(lu)》。繁(fan)，多。露(lu)，润。为《春秋》作(zuo)义，润益处多。彼云(yun)(yun)：“成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)，五帝学(xue)(xue)也(ye)(ye)。”云(yun)(yun)“成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其遗礼可(ke)(ke)法(fa)(fa)(fa)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)见经“掌(zhang)成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)”，即是有(you)遗礼可(ke)(ke)法(fa)(fa)(fa)效，乃(nai)可(ke)(ke)掌(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)，故知(zhi)有(you)遗礼也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“国之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟，公卿大(da)夫(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)弟，当(dang)(dang)学(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)谓之(zhi)(zhi)国子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《王(wang)(wang)制》云(yun)(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)大(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、王(wang)(wang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、公卿大(da)夫(fu)元士之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，国之(zhi)(zhi)俊选皆(jie)(jie)造焉。”此(ci)不(bu)言王(wang)(wang)大(da)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)、王(wang)(wang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)与元士之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)及俊选者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，引(yin)文(wen)不(bu)具。此(ci)云(yun)(yun)弟者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)王(wang)(wang)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)是也(ye)(ye)。自公以下(xia)，皆(jie)(jie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)乃(nai)得(de)入也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“《文(wen)王(wang)(wang)世(shi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)》曰：‘於(wu)(wu)成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)以及取(qu)爵於(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)尊(zun)’”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)彼文(wen)上(shang)(shang)云(yun)(yun)：“或以德进(jin)，或以事举，或以言扬”，又(you)云(yun)(yun)：“曲艺(yi)皆(jie)(jie)誓之(zhi)(zhi)，以待又(you)语。三而(er)(er)(er)一有(you)焉，乃(nai)进(jin)其等。”注云(yun)(yun)：“进(jin)於(wu)(wu)众(zhong)学(xue)(xue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。”又(you)云(yun)(yun)：“以其序(xu)，谓之(zhi)(zhi)郊(jiao)人，远之(zhi)(zhi)，於(wu)(wu)成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)以及取(qu)爵於(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)尊(zun)也(ye)(ye)。”彼郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)：“董(dong)仲(zhong)(zhong)舒(shu)曰‘五帝名(ming)(ming)(ming)大(da)学(xue)(xue)曰成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)’，则(ze)(ze)虞(yu)(yu)庠(xiang)近是也(ye)(ye)。天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)饮酒於(wu)(wu)虞(yu)(yu)庠(xiang)，则(ze)(ze)郊(jiao)人亦得(de)酌於(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)尊(zun)以相(xiang)旅。”郑(zheng)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证(zheng)成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)是学(xue)(xue)意。若(ruo)如先郑(zheng)以义解之(zhi)(zhi)，何得(de)於(wu)(wu)中饮酒，故知(zhi)先郑(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)义非也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“然则(ze)(ze)周人立此(ci)学(xue)(xue)之(zhi)(zhi)宫”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即虞(yu)(yu)庠(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)学(xue)(xue)是也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然，案(an)《王(wang)(wang)制》有(you)虞(yu)(yu)氏名(ming)(ming)(ming)学(xue)(xue)为上(shang)(shang)庠(xiang)、下(xia)庠(xiang)，至周立小学(xue)(xue)在西郊(jiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，曰虞(yu)(yu)庠(xiang)。尧已上(shang)(shang)，当(dang)(dang)代(dai)学(xue)(xue)亦各有(you)名(ming)(ming)(ming)，无文(wen)可(ke)(ke)知(zhi)，但五帝总名(ming)(ming)(ming)成(cheng)均(jun)(jun)，当(dang)(dang)代(dai)则(ze)(ze)各有(you)别称，谓若(ruo)三代(dai)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)学(xue)(xue)，总曰辟雍，当(dang)(dang)代(dai)各有(you)异名(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)。
凡有道者有德者，使教焉，死则以为乐祖，祭於瞽宗。（道，多才艺者。德，能躬行者，若舜命夔典乐教胄子是也。死则以为乐之祖，神而祭之。郑司农云：“瞽，乐人，乐人所共宗也。或曰：祭於瞽宗，祭於庙中。《明堂位》曰：‘瞽宗，殷学也。泮宫，周学也。’以此观之，祭於学宫中。”
○瞽，音(yin)古。夔，求龟(gui)反。胄子(zi)，音(yin)胃，本(ben)(ben)亦作胃。泮，音(yin)判(pan)，本(ben)(ben)亦作同。）
[疏]注“道多”至“宫中”
○释曰(yue)：经(jing)直(zhi)言(yan)道，郑(zheng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)是多(duo)(duo)才艺者(zhe)，以(yi)其云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)道，通物之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名。是已有(you)才艺通教於(wu)(wu)学(xue)(xue)子(zi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)多(duo)(duo)才艺耳(er)。但才艺与六(liu)艺少别，知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)，见《雍也》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“求也艺”，郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“艺，多(duo)(duo)才艺。”又(you)《宪(xian)问》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“冉求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艺，文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)礼(li)(li)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)。”礼(li)(li)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)既是六(liu)艺，明上(shang)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)艺非六(liu)艺也，此(ci)(ci)教乐(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官，不得以(yi)六(liu)艺解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“道，多(duo)(duo)才艺”也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“德(de)，能(neng)(neng)躬行”者(zhe)，案(an)《师(shi)(shi)(shi)氏》注：“德(de)行，外(wai)(wai)内之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)称(cheng)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)心为(wei)(wei)德(de)，施之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)行。”彼释三德(de)、三行为(wei)(wei)外(wai)(wai)内。此(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“德(de)能(neng)(neng)躬行”，则(ze)身内有(you)德(de)，又(you)能(neng)(neng)身行。《尚(shang)书(shu)传(chuan)》说云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“非知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)艰，行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)惟艰。”则(ze)此(ci)(ci)人(ren)非直(zhi)能(neng)(neng)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，亦能(neng)(neng)身行，故(gu)(gu)(gu)二者(zhe)皆使教焉。“死则(ze)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祖(zu)，神而祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，先(xian)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“瞽(gu)，乐(le)(le)(le)(le)人(ren)”者(zhe)，《序(xu)官》上(shang)瞽(gu)、中(zhong)瞽(gu)、下瞽(gu)，皆是瞽(gu)朦掌乐(le)(le)(le)(le)事，故(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)瞽(gu)，乐(le)(le)(le)(le)人(ren)，乐(le)(le)(le)(le)人(ren)所共宗(zong)(zong)也。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“或曰(yue)：祭(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)，祭(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)庙中(zhong)”者(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)说非，故(gu)(gu)(gu)引《明堂位(wei)》为(wei)(wei)证，是殷学(xue)(xue)也。祭(ji)(ji)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)祖(zu)必於(wu)(wu)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)者(zhe)，案(an)《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“春(chun)诵夏弦，大师(shi)(shi)(shi)诏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)。”以(yi)其教乐(le)(le)(le)(le)在(zai)(zai)(zai)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)祭(ji)(ji)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)祖(zu)还在(zai)(zai)(zai)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)。虽有(you)学(xue)(xue)干戈在(zai)(zai)(zai)东序(xu)，以(yi)诵弦为(wei)(wei)正。《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《礼(li)(li)》在(zai)(zai)(zai)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)，《书(shu)》在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)庠(xiang)。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“学(xue)(xue)《礼(li)(li)》、《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)》於(wu)(wu)殷之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)学(xue)(xue)，功成治定，与己(ji)同(tong)。”则(ze)学(xue)(xue)《礼(li)(li)》、《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)》在(zai)(zai)(zai)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)，祭(ji)(ji)《礼(li)(li)》先(xian)师(shi)(shi)(shi)亦在(zai)(zai)(zai)瞽(gu)宗(zong)(zong)矣。若然，则(ze)《书(shu)》在(zai)(zai)(zai)上(shang)庠(xiang)，《书(shu)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)师(shi)(shi)(shi)亦祭(ji)(ji)於(wu)(wu)上(shang)庠(xiang)。其《诗》则(ze)春(chun)诵夏弦在(zai)(zai)(zai)东序(xu)，则(ze)祭(ji)(ji)亦在(zai)(zai)(zai)东序(xu)也。故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)注《文王世(shi)子(zi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《礼(li)(li)》有(you)高堂生(sheng)，《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)》有(you)制氏，《诗》有(you)毛公，《书(shu)》有(you)伏生(sheng)，亿(yi)可(ke)以(yi)为(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。”是皆有(you)先(xian)师(shi)(shi)(shi)当(dang)祭(ji)(ji)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也。《祭(ji)(ji)义(yi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祀先(xian)贤於(wu)(wu)西学(xue)(xue)，所以(yi)教诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)。”是天子(zi)亲(qin)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不见祭(ji)(ji)先(xian)圣者(zhe)，文不备，祭(ji)(ji)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。
以乐德(de)教国(guo)子：中、和、祗、庸(yong)(yong)、孝(xiao)、友。（中犹忠(zhong)也(ye)。和，刚柔(rou)也(ye)。祗，敬。庸(yong)(yong)，有常(chang)也(ye)。善(shan)(shan)父(fu)母曰孝(xiao)，善(shan)(shan)兄弟曰友。）
[疏]“以乐”至“孝友”
○释曰：此必使有道有德者教之。此是乐中之六德，与教万民者少别。
○注“中犹”至“曰友”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：此六(liu)(liu)德(de)(de)，其中和(he)二德(de)(de)取《大(da)(da)司(si)(si)徒(tu)》六(liu)(liu)德(de)(de)之(zhi)下，孝友二德(de)(de)取《大(da)(da)司(si)(si)徒(tu)》六(liu)(liu)行之(zhi)上，其祗庸(yong)二德(de)(de)与彼异(yi)，自是乐德(de)(de)所加也(ye)。云“中，犹忠也(ye)。和(he)，刚柔也(ye)”，注(zhu)《大(da)(da)司(si)(si)徒(tu)》与此同。“祗，敬(jing)。庸(yong)，有常也(ye)”，并训(xun)而见(jian)其义也(ye)。“善父母曰(yue)(yue)孝，善兄弟曰(yue)(yue)友”，《尔雅·释训(xun)》文也(ye)。
以乐语教国子：兴、道、讽、诵、言、语。（兴者，以善物喻善事。道，读曰导。导者，言古以剀今也。倍文曰讽，以声节之曰诵，发端曰言，答述曰语。
○兴道，许应反(fan)，刘(liu)，虚(xu)甑反(fan)，注同。下音导。讽，方凤反(fan)。剀，古爱反(fan)。刘(liu)古哀反(fan)。倍，音佩。）
[疏]注“兴者”至“曰语”
○释曰(yue)(yue)(yue)：此亦使有(you)道有(you)德(de)教之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“兴者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以善物喻善事”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)老狼兴周公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辈，亦以恶物喻恶事，不(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)举一边可知。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“道，读曰(yue)(yue)(yue)导(dao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，取导(dao)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，故(gu)读从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“导(dao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)古以剀(kai)今也(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)《诗》陈古以刺幽王(wang)、厉王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辈皆是。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“倍(bei)文曰(yue)(yue)(yue)讽”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)不(bu)开读之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“以声(sheng)节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)诵(song)(song)(song)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此亦皆背(bei)文，但讽是宜言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，无吟咏，诵(song)(song)(song)则非直(zhi)背(bei)文，又为吟咏以声(sheng)节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为异。《文王(wang)世子》“春诵(song)(song)(song)”注(zhu)诵(song)(song)(song)谓(wei)(wei)歌(ge)乐(le)(le)，歌(ge)乐(le)(le)即诗也(ye)。以配乐(le)(le)而(er)(er)歌(ge)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)歌(ge)乐(le)(le)，亦是以声(sheng)节之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。襄二十九年，季札请观周乐(le)(le)，而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)齐”，“为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)郑(zheng)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，亦是不(bu)依琴瑟而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)歌(ge)，此皆是徒歌(ge)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)谣，亦得(de)谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)。若(ruo)(ruo)依琴瑟谓(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌(ge)，即毛云(yun)(yun)(yun)曲合乐(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)歌(ge)是也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“发端曰(yue)(yue)(yue)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，答述曰(yue)(yue)(yue)语(yu)(yu)(yu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗·公刘》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“于时(shi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，于时(shi)语(yu)(yu)(yu)语(yu)(yu)(yu)。”毛云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“直(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)言(yan)(yan)(yan)，答述曰(yue)(yue)(yue)语(yu)(yu)(yu)。”许氏(shi)《说(shuo)文》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“直(zhi)言(yan)(yan)(yan)曰(yue)(yue)(yue)论，答难曰(yue)(yue)(yue)语(yu)(yu)(yu)。”论者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)语(yu)(yu)(yu)中之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)别(bie)，与言(yan)(yan)(yan)不(bu)同(tong)，故(gu)郑(zheng)注(zhu)《杂(za)记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“言(yan)(yan)(yan)，言(yan)(yan)(yan)己事。为人说(shuo)为语(yu)(yu)(yu)。”
以乐舞教国子：舞《云门》、《大卷》、《大咸》、《大{召}》、《大夏》、《大》、《大武》。（此周所存六代之乐。黄帝曰《云门》、《大卷》，黄帝能成名，万物以明，民共财，言其德如云之所出，民得以有族类。《大咸》，《咸池》，尧乐也。尧能殚均刑法以仪民，言其德无所不施。《大{召}》，舜乐也。言其德能绍尧之道也。《大夏》，禹乐也。禹治水傅土，言其德能大中国也。《大》，汤乐也。汤以宽治民，而除其邪，言其德能使天下得其所也。《大武》，武王乐也。武王伐纣以除其害，言其德能成武功。
○大(da)卷(juan)，大(da)，刘(liu)皆音(yin)(yin)泰(tai)，咸如字(zi)。卷(juan)，音(yin)(yin)权，又(you)卷(juan)勉反，又(you)居远(yuan)反，沈(shen)又(you)居勉反。{召}，上(shang)昭反。，户故反。共，音(yin)(yin)恭(gong)。殚，时战反。傅，音(yin)(yin)孚，或音(yin)(yin)附。邪，似(si)嗟(jie)反。）
[疏]“以乐”至“大武”
○释曰：此大司乐所教是大舞，乐师所教者是小舞。案《内则》云“十三舞《勺》，成童舞《象》”，舞《象》谓戈，皆小舞。又云“二十舞《大夏》”，即此六舞也。特云《大夏》者，郑云：“乐之文武中。”其实六舞皆乐也。《保氏》云“教之六乐”，二官共教者，彼教以书，此教以舞，故共其职也。
○注“此周”至“武功”
○释曰(yue)(yue)：案下(xia)文(wen)(wen)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)六(liu)舞云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)合(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，明此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)舞是(shi)(shi)六(liu)代乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，必知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)六(liu)舞《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》已(yi)(yi)下(xia)是(shi)(shi)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)、尧(yao)(yao)、舜(shun)(shun)、夏、殷、周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，并依(yi)(yi)《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)纬(wei)》及(ji)《元(yuan)命(ming)(ming)包(bao)》。彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》，黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)及(ji)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)等皆(jie)陈，故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)曰(yue)(yue)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》、《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》，黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)能(neng)成名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)万(wan)物(wu)(wu)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明民(min)(min)(min)(min)共财”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》文(wen)(wen)。彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)百物(wu)(wu)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)万(wan)物(wu)(wu)，万(wan)物(wu)(wu)即(ji)百物(wu)(wu)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)如(ru)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)出，民(min)(min)(min)(min)得(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)族类(lei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑释此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》、《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》二名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“德(de)(de)如(ru)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)出”解(jie)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“民(min)(min)(min)(min)得(de)(de)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)族类(lei)”解(jie)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》。卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)聚(ju)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义，即(ji)族类(lei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“正名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)百物(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)明民(min)(min)(min)(min)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)咸(xian)(xian)》、《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》，尧(yao)(yao)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尧(yao)(yao)能(neng)殚均刑法(fa)(fa)(fa)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)仪民(min)(min)(min)(min)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》文(wen)(wen)。彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“义终”，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“仪民(min)(min)(min)(min)”，引(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)义不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)引(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)文(wen)(wen)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)无(wu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)施”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，解(jie)《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。咸(xian)(xian)，皆(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。池(chi)，施也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)尧(yao)(yao)德(de)(de)无(wu)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)施者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“赏，赏善(shan)，谓(wei)(wei)禅舜(shun)(shun)封禹(yu)稷等也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”义终，谓(wei)(wei)既禅二十八载乃死是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da){召}》，舜(shun)(shun)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)能(neng)绍尧(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《元(yuan)命(ming)(ming)包(bao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)，乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)绍尧(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)业。”《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“韶，继也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)舜(shun)(shun)能(neng)继绍尧(yao)(yao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)夏》禹(yu)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。禹(yu)治(zhi)水(shui)傅土，言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)能(neng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中国(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《禹(yu)贡(gong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“敷(fu)土”，敷(fu)，布也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，布治(zhi)九(jiu)州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)土，是(shi)(shi)敷(fu)土之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“夏，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“禹(yu)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。禹(yu)能(neng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)。”大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)中国(guo)，即(ji)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《元(yuan)命(ming)(ming)包(bao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“禹(yu)能(neng)德(de)(de)并三(san)圣(sheng)。”德(de)(de)并三(san)圣(sheng)，即(ji)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德(de)(de)，亦一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)》，汤(tang)(tang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。汤(tang)(tang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宽治(zhi)民(min)(min)(min)(min)而(er)除(chu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)邪”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》文(wen)(wen)。彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“除(chu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)虐(nve)”，虐(nve)即(ji)邪，亦一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。或(huo)本(ben)作“邪”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)能(neng)使天下(xia)得(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)护(hu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即(ji)救护(hu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，救护(hu)使天下(xia)得(de)(de)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)》，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)伐(fa)纣，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)除(chu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)害”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，亦《祭法(fa)(fa)(fa)》文(wen)(wen)。彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“灾(zai)”，灾(zai)即(ji)害，一(yi)(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)德(de)(de)能(neng)成武(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)即(ji)“克定(ding)祸乱曰(yue)(yue)武(wu)(wu)(wu)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《元(yuan)命(ming)(ming)包(bao)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)时，民(min)(min)(min)(min)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)兴师征伐(fa)，故(gu)曰(yue)(yue)武(wu)(wu)(wu)。”又(you)《诗》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受命(ming)(ming)，有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)武(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)。”如(ru)是(shi)(shi)，则(ze)(ze)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)》是(shi)(shi)文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但文(wen)(wen)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)武(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)卒(zu)(zu)而(er)崩，武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)卒(zu)(zu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)伐(fa)功(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诛(zhu)虐(nve)纣，是(shi)(shi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)成武(wu)(wu)(wu)功(gong)，故(gu)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)作乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)武(wu)(wu)(wu)》为(wei)(wei)武(wu)(wu)(wu)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)记(ji)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)章(zhang)》，章(zhang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“尧(yao)(yao)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》阙之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，或(huo)作《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》。”又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》，备矣”，注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)所(suo)作乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尧(yao)(yao)增而(er)用之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)礼(li)》曰(yue)(yue)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)咸(xian)(xian)》。”与此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经注乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，本(ben)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)殊时，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相沿乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，尧(yao)(yao)若增黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)体(ti)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，存(cun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)本(ben)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，犹曰(yue)(yue)《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》，则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)咸(xian)(xian)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)体(ti)依(yi)(yi)旧，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)增者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)本(ben)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)章(zhang)》。故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)章(zhang)》尧(yao)(yao)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)作乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，更(geng)作《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》，《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》则(ze)(ze)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)章(zhang)》，章(zhang)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)虽尧(yao)(yao)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)体(ti)是(shi)(shi)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，故(gu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》一(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尧(yao)(yao)时存(cun)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)《咸(xian)(xian)池(chi)》为(wei)(wei)尧(yao)(yao)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，则(ze)(ze)更(geng)与黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)立名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)曰(yue)(yue)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》，则(ze)(ze)《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门(men)(men)(men)》与《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》为(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)，故(gu)下(xia)文(wen)(wen)分乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)而(er)序(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，更(geng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)序(xu)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。必知(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，按《条牒论》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“班固(gu)作汉(han)书，高(gao)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)年，作《武(wu)(wu)(wu)德(de)(de)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)”，又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“高(gao)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)庙中奏(zou)《武(wu)(wu)(wu)德(de)(de)》、《文(wen)(wen)始》。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“舜(shun)(shun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)《韶》舞名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。”秦(qin)始皇(huang)二十六(liu)年改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)五(wu)行舞。注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“五(wu)行，本(ben)周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)舞，高(gao)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)六(liu)年，改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)名(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)《文(wen)(wen)始五(wu)行》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)舞。”案此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)知(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法(fa)(fa)(fa)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《孝经纬(wei)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“伏(fu)(fu)牺(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《立基》，神(shen)农之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《下(xia)谋(mou)》，祝融(rong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《属续》。”又(you)《乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)纬(wei)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“颛顼(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《五(wu)茎(jing)》，帝(di)(di)(di)(di)喾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《六(liu)英》。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“能(neng)为(wei)(wei)五(wu)行之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，立根茎(jing)。六(liu)英者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，六(liu)合(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)英。”皇(huang)甫谧(mi)曰(yue)(yue)：“少昊(hao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)曰(yue)(yue)《九(jiu)渊》。”则(ze)(ze)伏(fu)(fu)牺(xi)已(yi)(yi)下(xia)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。今此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)惟(wei)存(cun)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)禹(yu)汤(tang)(tang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《易·系辞》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)尧(yao)(yao)舜(shun)(shun)垂衣裳。”郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“金天、高(gao)阳、高(gao)辛(xin)遵(zun)黄(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道，无(wu)所(suo)改(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)(gai)作，故(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)述(shu)焉。”则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所(suo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)存(cun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，义亦然(ran)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)郑惟(wei)据五(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中而(er)言(yan)，则(ze)(ze)三(san)皇(huang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)存(cun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)质故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
以六律、六同、五声、八音、六舞大合乐，以致鬼神示，以和邦国，以谐万民，以安宾客，以说远人，以作动物。（六律，合阳声者也。六同，合阴声者也。此十二者以铜为管，转而相生。黄锺为首，其长九寸，各因而三分之，上生者益一分，下生者去一焉。《国语》曰：“律所以立均出度也。古之神瞽，考中声而量之，以制度律均锺。”言以中声定律，以律立锺之均。大合乐者，谓遍作六代之乐，以冬日至作之，致天神人鬼，以夏日至作之，致地祗物鬼彡。动物，羽之属。《虞书》云：“夔曰：戛击鸣球、搏拊、琴瑟以咏，祖考来格，虞宾在位，群后德让，下管鼗鼓，合止，笙镛以间，鸟兽钅仓钅仓，《箫韶》九成，凤皇来仪。”夔又曰：“於，予击石拊石，百兽率舞，庶尹允谐。”此其於宗庙九奏效应。
○说(shuo)，音悦。长，如字。上(shang)生(sheng)，时掌反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，後“上(shang)生(sheng)”皆同(tong)(tong)。去(qu)一，起吕反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。下文“去(qu)乐”及注同(tong)(tong)。度，待洛反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。彳(chi)扁，音遍(bian)。鬼彡，眉(mei)冀反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。，力果反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，下“物”同(tong)(tong)。夏(xia)，居八反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)，刘古八反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。球，音求(qiu)。搏(bo)，音博。拊，方甫(fu)反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。鼗，徒刀反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。，昌六反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。，本又(you)作梧，鱼(yu)吕反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。间(jian)，间(jian)厕之间(jian)。<爿仓>，本又(you)作跄，七(qi)羊反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。於(wu)予，上(shang)如字，刘音乌。丁(ding)羊汝反(fan)(fan)(fan)(fan)。应，应对之应，後皆同(tong)(tong)，不(bu)更音。）
[疏]“以六”至“动物”
○释曰：乡来说大司乐教国子以乐，自此已下，论用乐之事也。云“以六律六同”者，此举十二管以表其锺，乐器之中不用管也。云“大合乐”者，据荐腥之後，合乐之时用之也。此所合乐，即下云“若乐六变”、“若乐八变”、“若乐九变”之等，彼据祭天下神，此据正祭合乐。若然，合乐在下神後而文退下神乐在後者，以下神用一代乐，此用六代，六代事重，故进之在上。若然，下神不亚合乐而隔分乐之後者，以分乐序之，皆用一代，此三下神亦用一代，若不隔分乐，恐其相乱，且使一变二变之等，与分乐所用乐同，故三神在下也。云“以致鬼神示”者，是据三而言。云“以和邦国”已下，亦据三之祭，各包此数事，故郑引《虞书》以证宗庙。
○注“六律，合阳声者也”至“奏效应”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“六(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)，合(he)(he)阳(yang)(yang)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。六(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)，合(he)(he)阴(yin)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《大(da)(da)师(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“掌六(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)六(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)阴(yin)阳(yang)(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)据(ju)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)焉。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)十(shi)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铜为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)管(guan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)《典同(tong)》先郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“阳(yang)(yang)律(lv)(lv)(lv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)竹，阴(yin)律(lv)(lv)(lv)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铜”，後(hou)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)铜为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)”，与(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)注义同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“转而(er)(er)(er)相(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)”已(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，据(ju)《律(lv)(lv)(lv)历(li)志》而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，子(zi)午巳(si)东(dong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)，子(zi)午巳(si)西为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)。上(shang)(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阳(yang)(yang)，阳(yang)(yang)主息(xi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三(san)(san)分益一；下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)阴(yin)，阴(yin)主减，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)三(san)(san)分去一。案(an)(an)《律(lv)(lv)(lv)历(li)志》，黄锺(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)(lv)长九(jiu)(jiu)寸(cun)。林(lin)锺(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)(lv)长六(liu)(liu)(liu)寸(cun)。大(da)(da)簇为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)人(ren)统(tong)，律(lv)(lv)(lv)长八(ba)(ba)寸(cun)。又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：十(shi)二管(guan)相(xiang)生(sheng)(sheng)皆(jie)(jie)八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)，尽於(wu)(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)吕(lv)。阴(yin)阳(yang)(yang)生(sheng)(sheng)於(wu)(wu)黄锺(zhong)，始(shi)於(wu)(wu)左旋。八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)位者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。假令(ling)黄锺(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)锺(zhong)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)历(li)八(ba)(ba)辰，自此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)皆(jie)(jie)然(ran)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)八(ba)(ba)八(ba)(ba)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)位，盖(gai)象八(ba)(ba)风也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《国(guo)语(yu)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)景王(wang)将铸(zhu)无射，问(wen)律(lv)(lv)(lv)於(wu)(wu)伶州(zhou)鸠，鸠对曰(yue)：“律(lv)(lv)(lv)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立(li)均(jun)(jun)出度。古之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)瞽，考(kao)(kao)中(zhong)(zhong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)而(er)(er)(er)量之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制度律(lv)(lv)(lv)均(jun)(jun)锺(zhong)，百官轨仪。”郑引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)取以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)律(lv)(lv)(lv)六(liu)(liu)(liu)同(tong)均(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)制锺(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)小，须应(ying)律(lv)(lv)(lv)同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)言(yan)(yan)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)定律(lv)(lv)(lv)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律(lv)(lv)(lv)立(li)锺(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)(jun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)，定律(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)长短。度律(lv)(lv)(lv)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)律(lv)(lv)(lv)计(ji)自倍(bei)半，而(er)(er)(er)立(li)锺(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)均(jun)(jun)，均(jun)(jun)。即(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)应(ying)律(lv)(lv)(lv)长短者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)遍(bian)作(zuo)六(liu)(liu)(liu)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)六(liu)(liu)(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)即(ji)(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)舞，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知遍(bian)作(zuo)六(liu)(liu)(liu)代之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。言(yan)(yan)遍(bian)作(zuo)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，不一时(shi)俱为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，待一代讫乃(nai)更为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)遍(bian)作(zuo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冬(dong)日(ri)作(zuo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)物(wu)(wu)鬼(gui)(gui)彡(shan)”，皆(jie)(jie)《神(shen)仕职(zhi)》文(wen)(wen)。案(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)注，致(zhi)人(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)於(wu)(wu)祖(zu)庙(miao)，致(zhi)物(wu)(wu)鬼(gui)(gui)彡(shan)於(wu)(wu)单坛，盖(gai)用(yong)(yong)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)日(ri)。若(ruo)然(ran)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，据(ju)三(san)(san)正(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)，而(er)(er)(er)引(yin)(yin)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)天(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小神(shen)及人(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)在(zai)明(ming)日(ri)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，但彼(bi)(bi)(bi)明(ming)旦所祭(ji)(ji)(ji)小神(shen)用(yong)(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)无文(wen)(wen)，彼(bi)(bi)(bi)神(shen)既多(duo)，合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi)，当与(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)(san)正(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)同(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)同(tong)称致(zhi)。但据(ju)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)正(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)地(di)大(da)(da)神(shen)，无宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)明(ming)日(ri)，兼祭(ji)(ji)(ji)人(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)，与(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“动物(wu)(wu)羽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑不释(shi)邦国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，直释(shi)动物(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《尚书》不言(yan)(yan)动物(wu)(wu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)释(shi)讫乃(nai)引(yin)(yin)《尚书》鸟(niao)兽之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等证之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《虞书》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)古文(wen)(wen)在(zai)《舜(shun)典》，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)舜(shun)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。案(an)(an)彼(bi)(bi)(bi)郑注：“戛，栎(li)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。戛击(ji)鸣球已(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)数器。”鸣球，即(ji)(ji)玉(yu)磬(qing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。搏拊，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)韦为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，装之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)糠，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)节(jie)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)咏”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)歌诗也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“祖(zu)考(kao)(kao)来格”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)祖(zu)考(kao)(kao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)来至(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“虞宾(bin)(bin)在(zai)位”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)舜(shun)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宾(bin)(bin)，即(ji)(ji)二王(wang)後(hou)丹朱也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“群后(hou)德(de)让”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)诸侯(hou)助祭(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)德(de)让。已(yi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)皆(jie)(jie)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)堂上(shang)(shang)(shang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)所感也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)管(guan)鼗鼓”已(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)舜(shun)庙(miao)堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“合(he)(he)止”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，合(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)用(yong)(yong)，状如漆，中(zhong)(zhong)有椎(zhui)，摇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)节(jie)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)状如伏虎，背有刻，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)物(wu)(wu)栎(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)止乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“笙(sheng)镛(yong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)间”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，东(dong)方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)笙(sheng)。笙(sheng)，生(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。东(dong)方(fang)(fang)，生(sheng)(sheng)长之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。镛(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，西方(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)镛(yong)。庸，功(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。西方(fang)(fang)物(wu)(wu)熟有成功(gong)，亦谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)颂，颂，亦是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)颂其(qi)(qi)成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)间者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，堂上(shang)(shang)(shang)堂下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)，间代而(er)(er)(er)作(zuo)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“鸟(niao)兽<爿仓(cang)(cang)><爿仓(cang)(cang)>”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)飞(fei)鸟(niao)走兽，<爿仓(cang)(cang)><爿仓(cang)(cang)>然(ran)而(er)(er)(er)舞也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“箫(xiao)韶九(jiu)(jiu)成，凤皇(huang)来仪”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，韶，舜(shun)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)九(jiu)(jiu)变(bian)，人(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)可得而(er)(er)(er)礼(li)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)致(zhi)得来仪。仪，匹(pi)。谓(wei)(wei)(wei)致(zhi)得雄曰(yue)凤，雌曰(yue)皇(huang)，来仪止巢而(er)(er)(er)乘匹(pi)。案(an)(an)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)六(liu)(liu)(liu)变(bian)致(zhi)象物(wu)(wu)象物(wu)(wu)，有象在(zai)天(tian)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)灵之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)属。四(si)灵，则凤皇(huang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)一。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)六(liu)(liu)(liu)变(bian)，彼(bi)(bi)(bi)九(jiu)(jiu)成者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)实(shi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)变(bian)致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)九(jiu)(jiu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)九(jiu)(jiu)变(bian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)限(xian)，灵鸟(niao)又难致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)於(wu)(wu)九(jiu)(jiu)成而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)耳。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夔又曰(yue)：於(wu)(wu)，予击(ji)石(shi)拊石(shi)，百兽率舞”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)於(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)别而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“又曰(yue)”。夔语(yu)舜(shun)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)磬(qing)有大(da)(da)小，予击(ji)大(da)(da)石(shi)磬(qing)，拊小石(shi)磬(qing)，则感百兽相(xiang)率而(er)(er)(er)舞。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“庶尹允(yun)(yun)谐(xie)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，庶，众也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。尹，正(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。允(yun)(yun)，信(xin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。言(yan)(yan)乐(le)(le)(le)(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所感，使众正(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官，信(xin)得其(qi)(qi)谐(xie)和。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)於(wu)(wu)宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)九(jiu)(jiu)奏(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)效应(ying)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)总言(yan)(yan)三(san)(san)祀大(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)。但天(tian)地(di)大(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)效验无文(wen)(wen)，所引(yin)(yin)《尚书》，惟有宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)指宗(zong)(zong)(zong)庙(miao)而(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。然(ran)《尚书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)祖(zu)考(kao)(kao)，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)致(zhi)鬼(gui)(gui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。虞宾(bin)(bin)，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)安宾(bin)(bin)客。群后(hou)德(de)让，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)邦国(guo)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。鸟(niao)兽凤皇(huang)等，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)动物(wu)(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。庶尹允(yun)(yun)谐(xie)，即(ji)(ji)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)谐(xie)万民，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)说(shuo)远人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
乃(nai)分乐而序之(zhi)，以(yi)祭，以(yi)享，以(yi)祀(si)。（分，谓各用(yong)一代之(zhi)乐。）
[疏]注“分谓”至“之乐”
○释曰：此与下(xia)诸文为总目。上总云(yun)六舞(wu)，今分此六代(dai)之舞(wu)，尊(zun)者用(yong)前代(dai)，卑(bei)者用(yong)後代(dai)，使尊(zun)卑(bei)有序(xu)，故云(yun)序(xu)。若(ruo)然(ran)，经所先(xian)云(yun)祭(ji)地，後云(yun)祀天(tian)者，欲见不问(wen)尊(zun)卑(bei)，事起无常(chang)，故倒(dao)文以(yi)见义(yi)也(ye)。
乃奏黄锺，歌大吕，舞《云门》，以祀天神。（以黄锺之锺、大吕之声为均者，黄锺，阳声之首，大吕为之合奏之，以祀天神，尊之也。天神，谓五帝及日月星辰也。王者又各以夏正月祀其所受命之帝於南郊，尊之也。《孝经说》曰“祭天南郊，就阳位”是也。
○正，音征。）
[疏]“乃奏”至“天神”
○释曰：此黄锺言奏、大吕言歌者，云奏据出声而言，云歌据合曲而说，其实歌、奏通也。知不言歌，歌据堂上歌诗，合大吕之调，谓之歌者，《春秋左氏传》云：“晋侯歌锺二肆，取半以赐魏绛，魏绛於是有金石之乐。”彼据磬列肆而言，是不在歌诗，亦谓之歌，明不据偏歌诗也。襄四年，晋侯飨穆叔，云奏《肆夏》，歌《文王》、《大明》、《绵》，亦此类也。
○注“以黄”至“是也”
○释曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)、大(da)吕(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)奏(zou)(zou)，奏(zou)(zou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，奏(zou)(zou)击(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)出声(sheng)，故(gu)据(ju)锺(zhong)而(er)(er)言。大(da)吕(lv)，经(jing)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)歌(ge)，歌(ge)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，发声(sheng)出音，故(gu)据(ju)声(sheng)而(er)(er)说(shuo)(shuo)，亦(yi)互而(er)(er)通也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言为均者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)下(xia)文云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡六(liu)乐(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，文之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五声(sheng)，播之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)八音”。郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“六(liu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言其(qi)均皆(jie)(jie)(jie)待(dai)五声(sheng)八音乃成也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”则是(shi)(shi)言均者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲作(zuo)(zuo)乐(le)(le)，先(xian)击(ji)此(ci)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)锺(zhong)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)均诸(zhu)乐(le)(le)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《锺(zhong)师》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)锺(zhong)鼓奏(zou)(zou)《九夏(xia)》。”郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“先(xian)击(ji)锺(zhong)，次击(ji)鼓。”《论语》亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“始作(zuo)(zuo)，翕如也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“始作(zuo)(zuo)，谓金奏(zou)(zou)。”是(shi)(shi)凡乐(le)(le)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)先(xian)奏(zou)(zou)锺(zhong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)均诸(zhu)乐(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。必举此(ci)二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)配合(he)(he)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)，阳(yang)声(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，大(da)吕(lv)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。言合(he)(he)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)据(ju)十(shi)二辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)斗建，与(yu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)辰(chen)相配合(he)(he)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)阳(yang)律为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主，阴吕(lv)来(lai)合(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《大(da)师》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“掌六(liu)律、六(liu)同，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)合(he)(he)阴阳(yang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“声(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阴阳(yang)各(ge)有合(he)(he)，黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)。子之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，十(shi)一月(yue)建焉(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)辰(chen)在(zai)星(xing)纪。大(da)吕(lv)，丑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，十(shi)二月(yue)建焉(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)辰(chen)在(zai)玄(xuan)枵。大(da)蔟，寅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，正(zheng)月(yue)建焉(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)辰(chen)在(zai)И訾。应锺(zhong)，亥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，十(shi)月(yue)建焉(yan)(yan)，而(er)(er)辰(chen)在(zai)析木(mu)。”已後皆(jie)(jie)(jie)然，是(shi)(shi)其(qi)斗与(yu)辰(chen)合(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“奏(zou)(zou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀(si)(si)(si)天(tian)(tian)神，尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)(huang)锺(zhong)律之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)首，《云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)门》又(you)黄(huang)(huang)帝(di)(di)乐(le)(le)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)尊(zun)祭尊(zun)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)神谓五帝(di)(di)及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)辰(chen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)下(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)乐(le)(le)六(liu)变，天(tian)(tian)神皆(jie)(jie)(jie)降”，是(shi)(shi)昊天(tian)(tian)。则知此(ci)天(tian)(tian)神非(fei)天(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)，是(shi)(shi)五帝(di)(di)矣。知及(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《大(da)宗伯》，昊天(tian)(tian)在(zai)祀(si)(si)(si)中(zhong)，日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)辰(chen)在(zai)实(shi)柴(chai)中(zhong)，郑(zheng)(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)五帝(di)(di)亦(yi)用(yong)实(shi)柴(chai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)。则日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)与(yu)五帝(di)(di)同科，此(ci)下(xia)文又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见(jian)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)别(bie)用(yong)乐(le)(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事，故(gu)知此(ci)天(tian)(tian)神中(zhong)有日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)辰(chen)可知。其(qi)司中(zhong)已下(xia)在(zai)燎中(zhong)，则不(bu)(bu)(bu)得(de)入天(tian)(tian)神中(zhong)，故(gu)下(xia)文约(yue)与(yu)四望(wang)同乐(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)又(you)各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夏(xia)正(zheng)月(yue)祀(si)(si)(si)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)受(shou)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)(di)於(wu)南郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)(an)(an)《易纬(wei)·乾凿(zao)度》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“三(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，一用(yong)夏(xia)正(zheng)。”《郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)特牲》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“兆(zhao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)南郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，就阳(yang)位(wei)。”《大(da)传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)自出，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)祖配之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若(ruo)周郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)东方灵威(wei)仰之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，是(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夏(xia)正(zheng)月(yue)祀(si)(si)(si)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)受(shou)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)(di)於(wu)南郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)，特尊(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《孝经(jing)说(shuo)(shuo)》”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，说(shuo)(shuo)，即纬(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。时禁纬(wei)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)说(shuo)(shuo)。引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，证与(yu)《郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)特牲》义同，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)见(jian)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)所(suo)(suo)感帝(di)(di)，用(yong)乐(le)(le)与(yu)祭五帝(di)(di)不(bu)(bu)(bu)异，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)所(suo)(suo)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)天(tian)(tian)亦(yi)是(shi)(shi)五帝(di)(di)故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
乃奏大蔟，歌应锺，舞《咸池》，以祭地示。（大蔟，阳声第二，应锺为之合。《咸池》、《大咸》也。地，所祭於北郊，谓神州之神及社稷。
○大蔟，音太，下七(qi)豆反，下同。）
[疏]“乃奏”至“地示”
○释曰：地示卑於天神，故降用大蔟阳声第二及《咸池》也。
○注“大蔟”至“社稷”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)蔟，阳(yang)声(sheng)第二(er)，应锺(zhong)为之(zhi)合(he)(he)”者，以(yi)黄锺(zhong)之(zhi)初(chu)九(jiu)下生林锺(zhong)之(zhi)初(chu)六(liu)，林锺(zhong)之(zhi)初(chu)六(liu)上(shang)生大(da)(da)蔟之(zhi)九(jiu)二(er)，是(shi)(shi)阳(yang)声(sheng)之(zhi)第二(er)也(ye)。大(da)(da)蔟，寅之(zhi)气(qi)也(ye)，正(zheng)月建焉，而辰在И訾。应锺(zhong)，亥之(zhi)气(qi)也(ye)，十月建焉，而辰在析木(mu)，是(shi)(shi)应锺(zhong)为之(zhi)合(he)(he)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“《咸池》，《大(da)(da)咸》也(ye)”者，此云(yun)(yun)《咸池》，上(shang)文云(yun)(yun)《大(da)(da)咸》，以(yi)为一物，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)《大(da)(da)咸》也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“地(di)，所祭於北(bei)郊(jiao)，谓神(shen)州之(zhi)神(shen)”者，以(yi)其下文若乐八变者是(shi)(shi)昆仑(lun)大(da)(da)地(di)，即知(zhi)此地(di)非大(da)(da)地(di)也(ye)，是(shi)(shi)神(shen)州之(zhi)神(shen)可(ke)知(zhi)。案(an)《河图·括(kuo)地(di)象》云(yun)(yun)：“昆仑(lun)东南万五(wu)千(qian)里曰神(shen)州”，是(shi)(shi)知(zhi)神(shen)州之(zhi)神(shen)也(ye)。知(zhi)祭於北(bei)郊(jiao)者，《孝经纬》文，以(yi)其与(yu)南郊(jiao)相对故(gu)也(ye)。知(zhi)及(ji)社稷者，以(yi)六(liu)冕差之(zhi)，社稷虽在小祀，若荐祭言之(zhi)，《大(da)(da)宗(zong)伯(bo)》云(yun)(yun)“以(yi)血祭祭社稷、五(wu)祀、五(wu)岳”，用血与(yu)郊(jiao)同，又在五(wu)岳之(zhi)上(shang)，故(gu)知(zhi)用乐亦与(yu)神(shen)州同，谓若日(ri)月星与(yu)五(wu)帝同也(ye)。
乃奏姑洗，歌南吕，舞《大{召}》，以祀四望。（姑洗，阳声第三，南吕为之合。四望，五岳、四镇、四窦。此言祀者，司中、司命、风师、雨师或亦用此乐与？
○窦本又作渎，同(tong)，音独(du)。与(yu)，音馀(yu)。）
[疏]“乃奏”至“四望”
○释曰：四望又卑於神州，故降用阳声第三及用《大{召}》也。
○注“姑洗”至“乐与”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“姑洗(xi)(xi)，阳(yang)声第三，南吕(lv)(lv)(lv)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)其南吕(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)生姑洗(xi)(xi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)三，是(shi)(shi)(shi)阳(yang)声第三也(ye)。姑洗(xi)(xi)，辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)，三月(yue)建焉，而(er)辰(chen)在大(da)梁。南吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，酉之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)，八(ba)月(yue)建焉，而(er)辰(chen)在寿星(xing)。是(shi)(shi)(shi)南吕(lv)(lv)(lv)为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“四(si)望(wang)，五(wu)岳、四(si)镇、四(si)窦(dou)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)《大(da)宗(zong)伯》五(wu)岳在社稷(ji)下(xia)，山(shan)川(chuan)上(shang)。此文四(si)望(wang)亦在社稷(ji)下(xia)，山(shan)川(chuan)上(shang)，故(gu)知四(si)望(wang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)五(wu)岳、四(si)镇、四(si)窦(dou)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此言(yan)祀者(zhe)，司中(zhong)、司命、风师(shi)(shi)、雨师(shi)(shi)，或亦用(yong)此乐(le)与(yu)”者(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)此上(shang)下(xia)更不见有司中(zhong)等用(yong)乐(le)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)法。又案《大(da)宗(zong)伯》天神(shen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)祀，地(di)(di)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)祭，人鬼云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)享(xiang)，四(si)望(wang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)而(er)不云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)祭，而(er)变称祀，明经意本容司中(zhong)等神(shen)，故(gu)变文见用(yong)乐(le)也(ye)。无(wu)正文，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“或”、“与(yu)”以(yi)(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。
乃奏蕤宾，歌函锺，舞《大夏》，以祭山川。（蕤宾，阳声第四，函锺为之合。函锺一名林锺。
○蕤，人谁反。函，胡南反，函锺(zhong)，林锺(zhong)也。）
[疏]注“蕤宾”至“林锺”
○释曰：云“蕤宾，阳声第四”者，应锺之六三上生蕤宾之九四，是阳声第四也。云“函锺为之合”者，蕤宾，午之气也，五月建焉，而辰在鹑首。函锺，未之气也，六月建焉，而辰在鹑火，是函锺之为合也。云“函锺一名林锺”者，此《周礼》言函锺，《月令》云林锺，故云一名林锺也。
○
乃奏夷则，歌小吕，舞《大》，以享先妣。（夷则，阳声第五，小吕为之合。小吕一名中吕。先妣，姜原也。姜原履大人迹，感神灵而生后稷，是周之先母也。周立庙自后稷为始祖，姜原无所妃，是以特立庙而祭之，谓之宫。，神之。
○中，音仲，亦如字(zi)，後同(tong)。原，音元，本亦作(zuo)原。妃，音配，本亦作(zuo)配。，音秘。）
[疏]注“夷则”至“神之”
○释曰：案(an)《祭(ji)法》“王立(li)七庙(miao)，考(kao)庙(miao)、王考(kao)庙(miao)、皇考(kao)庙(miao)、显考(kao)庙(miao)、祖(zu)(zu)考(kao)庙(miao)，皆月祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)，二祧(tiao)，享尝(chang)乃止(zhi)”。不见先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)妣(bi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)七庙(miao)外非常，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不言(yan)，若(ruo)祭(ji)当与二祧(tiao)同，亦享尝(chang)乃止(zhi)。若(ruo)追享，自(zi)然(ran)及之(zhi)(zhi)矣。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“夷则，阳声第五(wu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大吕(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)六四，上生(sheng)夷则之(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)五(wu)，是(shi)阳声第五(wu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“小(xiao)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)为之(zhi)(zhi)合(he)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)小(xiao)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，巳之(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，四月建(jian)(jian)焉(yan)，而(er)辰在实沈。夷则，申之(zhi)(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)七月建(jian)(jian)焉(yan)，而(er)辰在鹑尾，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)合(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“小(xiao)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)一名(ming)中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)《周(zhou)礼(li)》言(yan)小(xiao)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，《月令》言(yan)中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)一名(ming)中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)妣(bi)，姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)履大人(ren)迹，感神(shen)(shen)(shen)灵而(er)生(sheng)后稷(ji)(ji)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《诗(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“履帝(di)武(wu)(wu)敏(min)(min)歆”，毛君义(yi)与《史记(ji)》同，以为姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，帝(di)喾(ku)(ku)(ku)妃(fei)(fei)。履帝(di)武(wu)(wu)敏(min)(min)歆，谓(wei)履帝(di)喾(ku)(ku)(ku)车辙马迹，生(sheng)后稷(ji)(ji)后稷(ji)(ji)，为帝(di)喾(ku)(ku)(ku)亲子(zi)。郑(zheng)(zheng)君义(yi)依(yi)《命(ming)历序(xu)(xu)》，帝(di)喾(ku)(ku)(ku)传十世乃至尧(yao)，后稷(ji)(ji)为尧(yao)官，则姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)为帝(di)喾(ku)(ku)(ku)後世妃(fei)(fei)，而(er)言(yan)“履帝(di)武(wu)(wu)敏(min)(min)歆”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，帝(di)谓(wei)天帝(di)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。是(shi)以《周(zhou)本纪》云(yun)(yun)(yun)：“姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)出野，见圣(sheng)人(ren)迹，心悦，忻然(ran)践之(zhi)(zhi)，始(shi)如有身动而(er)孕，居期生(sheng)子(zi)。”是(shi)郑(zheng)(zheng)解圣(sheng)人(ren)迹与毛异(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“是(shi)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)祖(zu)(zu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《生(sheng)民》诗(shi)序(xu)(xu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“生(sheng)民，尊(zun)祖(zu)(zu)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。后稷(ji)(ji)生(sheng)於姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，文(wen)武(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)起於后稷(ji)(ji)，是(shi)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)孙功(gong)业由后稷(ji)(ji)，欲尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祖(zu)(zu)，当先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)尊(zun)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)母(mu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)母(mu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“周(zhou)立(li)庙(miao)自(zi)后稷(ji)(ji)为始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)，姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)无(wu)所妃(fei)(fei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡祭(ji)以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)妃(fei)(fei)配，周(zhou)立(li)七庙(miao)，自(zi)后稷(ji)(ji)已下(xia)不得(de)更(geng)立(li)后稷(ji)(ji)父庙(miao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)姜(jiang)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)无(wu)所妃(fei)(fei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“是(shi)以特立(li)庙(miao)而(er)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)尊(zun)敬(jing)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)母(mu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)特立(li)妇(fu)人(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)庙(miao)而(er)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)宫，，神(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)《宫》诗(shi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“宫有亻血(xue)，实实枚枚”，毛云(yun)(yun)(yun)“在周(zhou)常闭(bi)而(er)无(wu)事(shi)”，与此(ci)祭(ji)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)妣(bi)义(yi)违，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)後郑(zheng)(zheng)不从，是(shi)以郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)特立(li)庙(miao)而(er)祭(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)。但妇(fu)人(ren)称宫，处在幽静(jing)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)名(ming)庙(miao)为宫。据其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)则曰神(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)然(ran)，分乐(le)序(xu)(xu)之(zhi)(zhi)，尊(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)用前代，其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)妣(bi)先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)祖(zu)(zu)服衮冕，山(shan)川百物(wu)用玄冕。今用乐(le)山(shan)川在先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)妣(bi)上者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)山(shan)川外神(shen)(shen)(shen)，是(shi)自(zi)然(ran)之(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)，先(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)祖(zu)(zu)生(sheng)时(shi)曾事(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)乐(le)用前代无(wu)嫌。
乃奏无射，歌夹锺，舞《大武》，以享先祖。（无射，阳声之下也，夹锺为之合。夹锺一名圜锺。先祖，谓先王、先公。
○射，音亦，注下(xia)同。夹，古洽反(fan)。圜，于权反(fan)。）
[疏]注“无射”至“先公”
○释曰：云(yun)“无射(she)，阳声(sheng)之(zhi)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)，以其夹(jia)锺(zhong)之(zhi)六(liu)五，上生无射(she)之(zhi)上九，是(shi)阳声(sheng)之(zhi)下(xia)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“夹(jia)锺(zhong)为之(zhi)合”者(zhe)(zhe)，以其夹(jia)锺(zhong)，卯之(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，二月建(jian)焉，而辰(chen)在降(jiang)娄。无射(she)，戌之(zhi)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)，九月建(jian)焉，而辰(chen)在大火。亦是(shi)其合也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“夹(jia)锺(zhong)一名圜锺(zhong)”者(zhe)(zhe)，下(xia)文云(yun)圜锺(zhong)为宫，是(shi)一名圜锺(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“先祖谓先王(wang)先公(gong)”者(zhe)(zhe)，郑据《司服》而言。但《司服》以先王(wang)先公(gong)服异，故(gu)别言，此则(ze)知先王(wang)先公(gong)乐同，故(gu)合说(shuo)，以其俱是(shi)先祖故(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡六乐者，文之以五声，播之以八音。（六者，言其均，皆待五声八音乃成也。播之言被也。故书播为藩，杜子春云：“藩当为播，读如后稷播百之播。”
○被，皮寄反。）
[疏]注“六者”至“之播”
○释曰(yue)：云(yun)(yun)(yun)“六(liu)者(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)均(jun)”也(ye)(ye)，谓(wei)若黄锺为(wei)宫(gong)，自(zi)与已(yi)下徵(zhi)商(shang)羽角等(deng)为(wei)均(jun)，其(qi)(qi)丝数(shu)五声(sheng)各(ge)异也(ye)(ye)。或解以(yi)为(wei)均(jun)谓(wei)乐器八音(yin)之(zhi)等(deng)。若然，何得(de)先云(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)均(jun)”，始(shi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆待五声(sheng)八音(yin)”乎？明言(yan)(yan)其(qi)(qi)均(jun)者(zhe)，以(yi)为(wei)六(liu)者(zhe)各(ge)据其(qi)(qi)首，与下四声(sheng)为(wei)均(jun)，故云(yun)(yun)(yun)皆待五声(sheng)八音(yin)乃(nai)成也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“播(bo)之(zhi)言(yan)(yan)被(bei)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，谓(wei)若“光被(bei)四表”，是取被(bei)及之(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)。子春云(yun)(yun)(yun)“播(bo)为(wei)后(hou)稷(ji)播(bo)百(bai)之(zhi)播(bo)”者(zhe)，读(du)从《诗(shi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)始(shi)播(bo)百(bai)”，是后(hou)稷(ji)之(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)。
凡六乐者，一变而致羽物及川泽之示，再变而致物及山林之示，三变而致鳞物及丘陵之示，四变而致毛物及坟衍之示，五变而致介物及土示，六变而致象物及天神。（变犹更也。乐成则更奏也。此谓大蜡索鬼神而致百物，六奏乐而礼毕。东方之祭则用大蔟、姑洗，南方之祭则用蕤宾，西方之祭则用夷则、无射，北方之祭则用黄锺为均焉。每奏有所感，致和以来之。凡动物敏疾者，地高下之甚者易致，羽物既飞又走，川泽有孔窍者，蛤蟹走则迟，坟衍孔窍则小矣，是其所以舒疾之分。土，原隰及平地之神也。象物，有象在天，所谓四灵者。天地之神，四灵之知，非德至和则不至。《礼运》曰：“何谓四灵？麟凤龟龙谓之四灵。龙以为畜，故鱼鲔不氵念；凤以为畜，故鸟不；麟以为畜，故兽不犭；龟以为畜，故人情不失。”
○介，音界。蜡(la)，士嫁反(fan)(fan)。易，以豉反(fan)(fan)。窍，苦吊反(fan)(fan)。蛤，古答反(fan)(fan)。分，扶问(wen)反(fan)(fan)。知，音智。畜，许又(you)(you)反(fan)(fan)，下同(tong)。鲔，于轨反(fan)(fan)。氵(shui)念，音审。，休律反(fan)(fan)，本又(you)(you)作(zuo)犭，亦(yi)作(zuo)<戈>，同(tong)。犭，休越(yue)反(fan)(fan)。）
[疏]“凡六”至“天神”
○释曰：此一变至六变不同者，据难致、易致前後而言。案《大司徒》五地之物，生动植俱有。此俱言动物，不言植物者，据有情可感者而言也。
○注“变犹”至“不失”
○释曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“变犹更(geng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《燕礼(li)(li)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)终，《尚书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)变。孔(kong)注《尚书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“九(jiu)(jiu)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)而(er)(er)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡(fan)乐(le)(le)(le)曲成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)则(ze)(ze)终，变更(geng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。终则(ze)(ze)更(geng)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)，各(ge)据(ju)(ju)终始而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。”是以(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)乐(le)(le)(le)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)则(ze)(ze)更(geng)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)索鬼神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)而(er)(er)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)百(bai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《郊特牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，索也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，岁十(shi)二月(yue)(yue)，合聚百(bai)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)而(er)(er)索飨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“岁十(shi)二月(yue)(yue)，周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)正数(shu)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)建亥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。五(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)於(wu)(wu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)功(gong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)报(bao)祭(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)必知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)据(ju)(ju)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)祭(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)经总(zong)祭(ji)(ji)百(bai)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，与(yu)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)祭(ji)(ji)合聚万物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“六(liu)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)乐(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)礼(li)(li)毕”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，下(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“若乐(le)(le)(le)六(liu)变，则(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)皆降”。此(ci)经亦(yi)六(liu)变致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)六(liu)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)乐(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)礼(li)(li)毕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“东方之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)则(ze)(ze)用(yong)大(da)(da)蔟”云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)，此(ci)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)知(zhi)(zhi)四(si)方各(ge)别祭(ji)(ji)用(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)《郊特牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“八蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)以(yi)(yi)(yi)记(ji)四(si)方”，又云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“四(si)方年(nian)不(bu)(bu)顺成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，八蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)不(bu)(bu)通(tong)(tong)。顺成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方，其(qi)(qi)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)乃通(tong)(tong)”。是四(si)各(ge)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)八蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)四(si)方用(yong)乐(le)(le)(le)各(ge)别也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“每(mei)奏(zou)(zou)(zou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)所(suo)感，致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和以(yi)(yi)(yi)来之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，总(zong)释地(di)(di)(di)(di)与(yu)动(dong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，虽有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)迟疾，皆由(you)(you)以(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)和感之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)动(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)敏(min)疾者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)高下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚(shen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)易致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，言(yan)(yan)此(ci)欲(yu)见先致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆由(you)(you)其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)易致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)既飞(fei)又走，川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)窍(qiao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)经羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)共川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)一变致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是其(qi)(qi)羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)飞(fei)，川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)孔(kong)窍(qiao)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。自乐(le)(le)(le)再变已(yi)下(xia)差缓(huan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“蛤(ha)蟹走则(ze)(ze)迟，坟(fen)衍(yan)孔(kong)窍(qiao)则(ze)(ze)小(xiao)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)坟(fen)衍(yan)在丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)後，介(jie)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)在毛物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)後，由(you)(you)是走窍(qiao)小(xiao)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“是其(qi)(qi)舒疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)就此(ci)羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)，介(jie)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，先致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)疾之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)，後致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)舒之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)分(fen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)前後也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，原隰(xi)及平地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)已(yi)下(xia)说天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)及四(si)，灵(ling)非有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)乐(le)(le)(le)，兼有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德(de)(de)民和乃致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)知(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)原隰(xi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《大(da)(da)司徒(tu)》有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)五(wu)(wu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，山林(lin)(lin)已(yi)下(xia)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)原隰(xi)，今此(ci)则(ze)(ze)经上已(yi)说川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)山林(lin)(lin)丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)及坟(fen)衍(yan)讫，惟不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)原隰(xi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)此(ci)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)原隰(xi)可知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。又土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)平地(di)(di)(di)(di)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《大(da)(da)宰(zai)》九(jiu)(jiu)职云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“一曰三农(nong)生九(jiu)(jiu)。”後郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)三农(nong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，原隰(xi)及平地(di)(di)(di)(di)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)生九(jiu)(jiu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)非直有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)原隰(xi)，亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)平地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。若然，不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)原隰(xi)而(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)见原隰(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)社(she)稷。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)君《异义》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“五(wu)(wu)变而(er)(er)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，五(wu)(wu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)总(zong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)社(she)。”是以(yi)(yi)(yi)变原隰(xi)言(yan)(yan)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。《郊特牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“社(she)祭(ji)(ji)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)而(er)(er)主阴(yin)气。”是社(she)称土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“象(xiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)象(xiang)在天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)灵(ling)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)同(tong)(tong)(tong)变致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，象(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)形(xing)象(xiang)在天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，与(yu)羽(yu)等同(tong)(tong)(tong)称物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)象(xiang)在天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)四(si)灵(ling)等也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，四(si)灵(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)则(ze)(ze)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)则(ze)(ze)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，四(si)灵(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“非德(de)(de)至(zhi)(zhi)和则(ze)(ze)不(bu)(bu)至(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)见介(jie)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)已(yi)上，皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)乐(le)(le)(le)和感之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，未必由(you)(you)德(de)(de)。此(ci)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)四(si)灵(ling)，非直须乐(le)(le)(le)，要有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)德(de)(de)至(zhi)(zhi)和，乃致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)《礼(li)(li)运》已(yi)下(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，欲(yu)见象(xiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)则(ze)(ze)彼四(si)灵(ling)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“何(he)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)四(si)灵(ling)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，记(ji)人(ren)自问自答。案彼注：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“氵(shui)(shui)念之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)闪也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”言(yan)(yan)鱼(yu)鲔(wei)不(bu)(bu)闪，闪畏人(ren)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。犭犭，飞(fei)走之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)貌，二者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆据(ju)(ju)鱼(yu)鲔(wei)不(bu)(bu)氵(shui)(shui)念，不(bu)(bu)可於(wu)(wu)龟(gui)更(geng)言(yan)(yan)鱼(yu)鲔(wei)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)龟(gui)知(zhi)(zhi)人(ren)情，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)变言(yan)(yan)人(ren)情不(bu)(bu)失也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《大(da)(da)司徒(tu)》，山林(lin)(lin)宜(yi)毛物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)宜(yi)鳞物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)宜(yi)羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，坟(fen)衍(yan)宜(yi)介(jie)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，原隰(xi)宜(yi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)。此(ci)经则(ze)(ze)以(yi)(yi)(yi)羽(yu)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配川(chuan)(chuan)泽(ze)，物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配山林(lin)(lin)，鳞物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配丘(qiu)陵(ling)(ling)(ling)，毛物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配坟(fen)衍(yan)，介(jie)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)配土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。与(yu)《大(da)(da)司徒(tu)》文(wen)不(bu)(bu)类者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，彼以(yi)(yi)(yi)所(suo)宜(yi)而(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)，此(ci)据(ju)(ju)难致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、易致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)说，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)文(wen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)错综不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。案《月(yue)(yue)令(ling)·孟冬(dong)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“祈(qi)来年(nian)於(wu)(wu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)宗(zong)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“此(ci)《周礼(li)(li)》所(suo)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)宗(zong)，日(ri)月(yue)(yue)星，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)《月(yue)(yue)令(ling)》祈(qi)於(wu)(wu)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)宗(zong)谓(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)，则(ze)(ze)此(ci)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)亦(yi)是日(ri)月(yue)(yue)星辰，非大(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)蜡(la)(la)(la)(la)(la)祭(ji)(ji)所(suo)祭(ji)(ji)众神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，祭(ji)(ji)卑不(bu)(bu)可援(yuan)尊(zun)，地(di)(di)(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)惟有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)(zhi)无天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)(di)(di)大(da)(da)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)《尚书》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“箫韶(shao)九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，凤皇来仪(yi)。”九(jiu)(jiu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)乃致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象(xiang)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)以(yi)(yi)(yi)仪(yi)为匹，谓(wei)(wei)(wei)正巢而(er)(er)孕乘匹，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)九(jiu)(jiu)变乃致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，此(ci)直据(ju)(ju)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)与(yu)大(da)(da)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)同(tong)(tong)(tong)六(liu)变也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡乐，圜锺为宫，黄锺为角，大蔟为徵，姑洗为羽，{}鼓{}鼗，孤竹之管，云和之琴瑟，《云门》之舞，冬日至，於地上之圜丘奏之，若乐六变，则天神皆降，可得而礼矣。凡乐，函锺为宫，大蔟为角，姑洗为徵，南吕为羽，灵鼓灵鼗，孙竹之管，空桑之琴瑟，《咸池》之舞，夏日至，於泽中之方丘奏之，若乐八变，则地示皆出，可得而礼矣。凡乐，黄锺为宫，大吕为角，大蔟为徵，应锺为羽，路鼓路鼗，阴竹之管，龙门之琴瑟，《九德》之歌，九{召}之舞，於宗庙之中奏之，若乐九变，则人鬼可得而礼矣。（此三者，皆大祭也。天神则主北辰，地则主昆仑，人鬼则主后稷，先奏是乐以致其神，礼之以玉而焉，乃後合乐而祭之。《大传》曰：“王者必其祖之所自出。”《祭法》曰：“周人喾而郊稷。”谓此祭天圜丘，以喾配之。圜锺，夹锺也。夹锺生於房心之气，房心为大辰，天帝之明堂。函锺，林锺也。林锺生於未之气，未坤之位，或曰天社在东井舆鬼之外，天社，地神也。黄锺生於虚危之气，虚危为宗庙。以此三者为宫，用声类求之，天宫夹锺，阴声，其相生从阳数，其阳无射。无射上生中吕，中吕与地宫同位，不用也。中吕上生黄锺，黄锺下生林锺，林锺地宫，又不用。林锺上生大蔟，大蔟下生南吕，南吕与无射同位，又不用。南吕上生姑洗。地宫林锺，林锺上生大蔟，大蔟下生南吕，南吕上生姑洗。人宫黄锺，黄锺下生林锺，林锺地宫，又辟之。林锺上生大蔟，大蔟下生南吕，南吕与天宫之阳同位，又辟之。南吕上生姑洗，姑洗南吕之合，又辟之。姑洗下生应锺，应锺上生蕤宾，蕤宾地宫林锺之阳也，又辟之。蕤宾上生大吕。凡五声，宫之所生，浊者为角，清者为徵羽。此乐无商者，祭尚柔，商坚刚也。郑司农云：“雷鼓、雷鼗，皆谓六面有革可击者也。云和，地名也。灵鼓、灵鼗，四面。路鼓、路鼗，两面。九德之歌，《春秋传》所谓水、火、金、木、土、谷谓之六府，正德、利用、厚生谓之三事，六府三事谓之九功，九功之德皆可歌也，谓之九歌也。”玄谓雷鼓、雷鼗八面，灵鼓、灵鼗六面，路鼓、路鼗四面。孤竹，竹特生者。孙竹，竹枝根之末生者。阴竹，生於山北者。云和、空桑、龙门皆山名。“九{召}”读当为“大韶”，字之误也。
○角如(ru)字，古音鹿(lu)。徵，张里(li)反(fan)，下同。{}，音雷。九{召}，依(yi)字，九音大，诸书所引皆依(yi)字。昆仑，本(ben)又作混沦(lun)，各依(yi)字读(du)。，古乱反(fan)。喾(ku)，苦笃反(fan)。大辰，如(ru)字，刘音泰。与(yu)鬼，音馀，本(ben)亦作舆。辟，音避(bi)，下同。）
[疏]“凡乐”至“礼矣”
○释曰：此三者皆用一代之乐，类上皆是下神之乐。列之在下文者，以分乐而序之，据天地之次神，故陈彼天地已下之神，并蜡祭讫乃列，陈此三，恐与上杂乱故也。言六变、八变、九变者，谓在天地及庙庭而立四表，舞人从南表向第二表为一成，一成则一变。从第二至第三为二成，从第三至北头第四表为三成。舞人各转身南向於北表之北，还从第一至第二为四成，从第二至第三为五成，从第三至南头第一表为六成，则天神皆降。若八变者，更从南头北向第二为七成，又从第二至第三为八成，地皆出。若九变者，又从第三至北头第一为九变，人鬼可得礼焉。此约周之《大武》，象武王伐纣，故《乐记》云：“且夫《武》，始而北出，再成而灭商。三成而南，四成而南国是疆，五成而分陕，周公左，召公右，六成复缀以崇。”其馀《大》已上，虽无灭商之事，但舞人须有限约，亦应立四表，以与舞人为曲别也。礼天神必於冬至，礼地祗必於夏至之日者，以天是阳，地是阴，冬至一阳生，夏至一阴生，是以还於阳生阴生之日祭之也。至於郊天必於建寅者，以其郊所感帝以祈，实取三阳爻生之日，万物出地之时。若然，祭神州之神於北郊，与南郊相对，虽无文，亦应取三阴爻生之月，万物秀实之时也。言圜丘者，案《尔雅》，土之高者曰丘，取自然之丘，圜者，象天圜，既取丘之自然，则未必要在郊，无问东西与南北方皆可。地言泽中方丘者，因高以事天，故於地上。因下以事地，故於泽中。取方丘者，水锺曰泽，不可以水中设祭，故亦取自然之方丘，象地方故也。宗庙不言时节者，天地自相对而言，至此宗庙无所对，谓祭也。但殷人於三时，周礼惟用孟秋之月为之。则《公羊》云“大事者何，大也。毁庙之主陈于大祖，未毁庙之主皆升合食于大祖”是也。天用《云门》，地用《咸池》，宗庙用《大韶》者，还依上分乐之次序，尊者用前代，卑者用後代为差也。宗庙用《九德之歌》者，以人神象神生以九德为政之具，故特异天地之神也。天地及宗庙，并言皆降、皆出、皆至者，以祭尊可以及卑，故《礼记》云“大报天而主日配以月”，是其神多，故云皆也。天神六变，地八变，人鬼九变者，上文四变已上，所致有先後者，动物据飞走迟疾，地神有孔窍大小，其土及天神有灵智，故据至德至和乃可以致，今此三者，六变已上，则据灵异而言。但灵异大者易感，小者难致，故天神六变，人鬼九变也。
○注“此三”至“之误”
○释(shi)曰：云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《尔(er)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)”，不(bu)(bu)(bu)辨(bian)天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)、地(di)(di)，则(ze)(ze)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有称也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)黄(huang)帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)据祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)於圜(yuan)丘(qiu)。《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)出(chu)(chu)”，据夏正(zheng)郊(jiao)(jiao)天(tian)(tian)。《论语》“自(zi)既灌”，据祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)宗庙(miao)(miao)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)则(ze)(ze)主(zhu)北辰(chen)(chen)，地(di)(di)则(ze)(ze)主(zhu)昆仑，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)则(ze)(ze)主(zhu)后稷(ji)(ji)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，则(ze)(ze)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)宗伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“祀(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、享之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。又(you)《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)宰》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：祀(si)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)及(ji)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)享，亦(yi)(yi)一也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)恒(heng)相将，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)据此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“先(xian)(xian)奏是乐(le)(le)(le)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，致神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)则(ze)(ze)下(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。周之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)，凡(fan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)先(xian)(xian)作乐(le)(le)(le)下(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，乃(nai)(nai)荐献(xian)。荐献(xian)讫(qi)，乃(nai)(nai)合(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉而(er)(er)(er)(er)焉，乃(nai)(nai)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)合(he)(he)(he)乐(le)(le)(le)而(er)(er)(er)(er)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉，据天(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)，而(er)(er)(er)(er)焉，据宗庙(miao)(miao)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《小宰》注(zhu)“天(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，至尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)不(bu)(bu)(bu)”，又(you)《玉人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)》、《典瑞》、《宗伯》等不(bu)(bu)(bu)见有宗庙(miao)(miao)礼(li)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉，是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)知(zhi)礼(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉据天(tian)(tian)地(di)(di)，则(ze)(ze)“苍(cang)璧礼(li)天(tian)(tian)，黄(huang)琮礼(li)地(di)(di)”是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)焉据宗庙(miao)(miao)，肆献(xian)是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)传》曰，王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)必其(qi)(qi)祖之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)自(zi)出(chu)(chu)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)王(wang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)建寅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月，郊(jiao)(jiao)所(suo)(suo)(suo)感(gan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)帝(di)(di)，还(hai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)感(gan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)祖配(pei)(pei)(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)(ruo)周郊(jiao)(jiao)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后稷(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，证(zheng)郊(jiao)(jiao)与(yu)(yu)(yu)圜(yuan)丘(qiu)俱(ju)是祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。郊(jiao)(jiao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)后稷(ji)(ji)配(pei)(pei)(pei)，圜(yuan)丘(qiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)喾(ku)配(pei)(pei)(pei)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)(yin)《祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)法》喾(ku)而(er)(er)(er)(er)郊(jiao)(jiao)稷(ji)(ji)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)证(zheng)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“圜(yuan)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，即(ji)上(shang)文(wen)(wen)夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)於房(fang)(fang)心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)”至“明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《春(chun)(chun)秋纬·文(wen)(wen)耀钩》，及(ji)《石氏星(xing)经(jing)(jing)(jing)》天(tian)(tian)官之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“房(fang)(fang)心为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)，布政之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)出(chu)(chu)。”又(you)昭十(shi)七(qi)年(nian)，“冬(dong)，有星(xing)孛於大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)”。《公(gong)羊(yang)传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)何？大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)火为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)，伐为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)，北辰(chen)(chen)亦(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)。”夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)房(fang)(fang)心之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)辰(chen)(chen)，天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处(chu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)堂(tang)(tang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)圜(yuan)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“函锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《月令》谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)於未之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)，未，坤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在未，八卦(gua)坤亦(yi)(yi)在未，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)坤之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“或(huo)曰天(tian)(tian)社在东井舆(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《星(xing)经(jing)(jing)(jing)》“天(tian)(tian)社六(liu)(liu)(liu)星(xing)，舆(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)”，是其(qi)(qi)舆(yu)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)外也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)社神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)位(wei)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)是地(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)於虚危(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在子(zi)，子(zi)上(shang)有虚危(wei)(wei)(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)虚危(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)气(qi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“虚危(wei)(wei)(wei)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗庙(miao)(miao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《星(xing)经(jing)(jing)(jing)》，虚危(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)宗庙(miao)(miao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宗庙(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)类求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，若(ruo)(ruo)十(shi)二律相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，终於六(liu)(liu)(liu)十(shi)，即(ji)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)首，终於南(nan)(nan)事。今(jin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，各於本宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)，相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)徵(zhi)(zhi)羽，粗细须品，或(huo)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，或(huo)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)先(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)类求之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)阴(yin)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，其(qi)(qi)相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)从(cong)阳(yang)(yang)数”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，其(qi)(qi)夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)与(yu)(yu)(yu)无(wu)(wu)射配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物。夹(jia)(jia)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，阴(yin)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。无(wu)(wu)射是律，阳(yang)(yang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。天(tian)(tian)是阳(yang)(yang)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)历八相生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，还(hai)从(cong)阳(yang)(yang)数也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“无(wu)(wu)射上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)与(yu)(yu)(yu)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)同位(wei)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)自(zi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)蕤(rui)宾(bin)合(he)(he)(he)，但中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)与(yu)(yu)(yu)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)同在南(nan)(nan)方位(wei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)同位(wei)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)天(tian)(tian)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)地(di)(di)卑(bei)(bei)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)嫌(xian)其(qi)(qi)同位(wei)而(er)(er)(er)(er)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“中吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”，亦(yi)(yi)嫌(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)”，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)无(wu)(wu)射同位(wei)，又(you)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”，南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)，姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)四声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)足(zu)矣。“地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)”，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)。“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”，南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)”，姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)，後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)先(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，四声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)足(zu)矣。“人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，黄(huang)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，又(you)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”，不(bu)(bu)(bu)取也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)”，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。“大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)与(yu)(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)同位(wei)，又(you)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”。南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)，姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)合(he)(he)(he)，又(you)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)下(xia)(xia)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)”，应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽。“应锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蕤(rui)宾(bin)，蕤(rui)宾(bin)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)”，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)林(lin)(lin)锺(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)是地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，与(yu)(yu)(yu)蕤(rui)宾(bin)相配(pei)(pei)(pei)合(he)(he)(he)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)又(you)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。“蕤(rui)宾(bin)上(shang)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)”，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)丝(si)(si)多後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)先(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。四声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)足(zu)矣。凡(fan)言(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，卑(bei)(bei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。凡(fan)言(yan)(yan)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)既从(cong)阳(yang)(yang)数，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)於本宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)地(di)(di)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至於南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)，合(he)(he)(he)地(di)(di)於天(tian)(tian)，虽(sui)有尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)卑(bei)(bei)体敌之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)所(suo)(suo)(suo)合(he)(he)(he)，但人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)於天(tian)(tian)，尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)卑(bei)(bei)隔绝(jue)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)避姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)阳(yang)(yang)所(suo)(suo)(suo)合(he)(he)(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。郑(zheng)(zheng)必知(zhi)有避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)天(tian)(tian)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，有取有不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢。知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)取者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是嫌(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)；人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)鬼(gui)(gui)(gui)不(bu)(bu)(bu)敢者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，是尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)避之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“五(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，浊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)，清者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)羽”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)总三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)或(huo)先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，谓(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)地(di)(di)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)姑(gu)洗(xi)(xi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)，後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)先(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，南(nan)(nan)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)羽，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。天(tian)(tian)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)吕(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)，後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)先(xian)(xian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)蔟(cu)(cu)(cu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)丝(si)(si)多用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)角(jiao)(jiao)，先(xian)(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)丝(si)(si)少(shao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)徵(zhi)(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)凡(fan)宫(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)(suo)(suo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，浊者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)角(jiao)(jiao)，清者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)徵(zhi)(zhi)羽也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)(le)(le)无(wu)(wu)商(shang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尚柔，商(shang)坚刚也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)(jing)(jing)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)商(shang)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)商(shang)是西(xi)方金，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尚柔，商(shang)坚刚不(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)”。若(ruo)(ruo)然，上(shang)文(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)六(liu)(liu)(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)文(wen)(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，并(bing)据祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)而(er)(er)(er)(er)立五(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，凡(fan)音之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)起，由人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)心生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，单出(chu)(chu)曰声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，杂比曰音。泛论乐(le)(le)(le)法，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，其(qi)(qi)实祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)无(wu)(wu)商(shang)声(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)。郑(zheng)(zheng)司农云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“雷鼓(gu)、雷鼗(tao)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)六(liu)(liu)(liu)面(mian)(mian)，灵(ling)鼓(gu)、灵(ling)鼗(tao)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)四面(mian)(mian)，路(lu)鼓(gu)路(lu)鼗(tao)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)两(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)鼓(gu)。路(lu)鼗(tao)不(bu)(bu)(bu)合(he)(he)(he)与(yu)(yu)(yu)晋鼓(gu)等同两(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)後(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)郑(zheng)(zheng)不(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu)德之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)歌，《春(chun)(chun)秋传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)”，此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)七(qi)年(nian)，赵宣子(zi)曰：“劝之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)歌。九(jiu)(jiu)功之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)德，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)可歌也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)(jiu)歌。六(liu)(liu)(liu)府、三事，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)九(jiu)(jiu)功。水、火、金、木(mu)、土、，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)六(liu)(liu)(liu)府；正(zheng)德、利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、厚(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三事。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“正(zheng)德，人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)德。利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，地(di)(di)德。厚(hou)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，天(tian)(tian)德。”此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)本《尚书·大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)禹(yu)谟》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan)，贾、服(fu)与(yu)(yu)(yu)先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)并(bing)不(bu)(bu)(bu)见《古文(wen)(wen)尚书》，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)(yin)《春(chun)(chun)秋》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。玄谓(wei)雷鼓(gu)已(yi)下(xia)(xia)八面(mian)(mian)、六(liu)(liu)(liu)面(mian)(mian)、四面(mian)(mian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，虽(sui)无(wu)(wu)正(zheng)文(wen)(wen)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)鼗(tao)鼓(gu)、晋鼓(gu)等非祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀(si)鼓(gu)，皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)两(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)，宗庙(miao)(miao)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)於晋鼓(gu)等，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)加(jia)两(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四面(mian)(mian)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)於宗庙(miao)(miao)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)更加(jia)两(liang)(liang)面(mian)(mian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)(liu)(liu)面(mian)(mian)。祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)又(you)尊(zun)(zun)(zun)(zun)於祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)(di)，知(zhi)更加(jia)面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)八面(mian)(mian)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“孤竹(zhu)，竹(zhu)特生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)峄阳(yang)(yang)孤桐。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“孙(sun)竹(zhu)，竹(zhu)枝(zhi)(zhi)根之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)末(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案《诗毛传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“枝(zhi)(zhi)，也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”即(ji)身也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)言(yan)(yan)孙(sun)，若(ruo)(ruo)子(zi)孙(sun)然。知(zhi)枝(zhi)(zhi)根末(mo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“阴(yin)竹(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)於山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，《尔(er)雅(ya)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)：“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)南(nan)(nan)曰阳(yang)(yang)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北曰阴(yin)。”今(jin)言(yan)(yan)阴(yin)竹(zhu)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)北者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)和、空(kong)桑、龙(long)门皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)名”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)禹(yu)凿龙(long)门，见是山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，即(ji)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)和与(yu)(yu)(yu)空(kong)桑，亦(yi)(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)可知(zhi)，故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)(bu)(bu)从(cong)先(xian)(xian)郑(zheng)(zheng)“云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)和，地(di)(di)名也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“九(jiu)(jiu){召}读(du)当(dang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)韶”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，上(shang)六(liu)(liu)(liu)乐(le)(le)(le)无(wu)(wu)九(jiu)(jiu)韶，而(er)(er)(er)(er)有大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)韶故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)破从(cong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)(da)韶也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
凡乐事，大祭祀宿县，遂以声展之，（叩听其声，具陈次之，以知完不。
○县，音玄，下“乐(le)县”之类皆放此。）
[疏]“凡乐”至“展之”
○释(shi)曰：凡乐(le)事，言(yan)“凡”，语(yu)广，则不徒大祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)而(er)已。而(er)直言(yan)大祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)者，举大祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)而(er)言(yan)，其实(shi)中(zhong)祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)亦宿(su)县(xian)也。但(dan)大祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)中(zhong)有天(tian)神、地(di)、人鬼。中(zhong)小祭(ji)(ji)祀(si)亦宿(su)县(xian)，至於飨食燕宾(bin)客有乐(le)事，亦兼之矣。言(yan)宿(su)县(xian)者，皆於前宿(su)豫(yu)县(xian)之。“遂以声(sheng)展之”者，谓(wei)相(xiang)扣(kou)使(shi)作(zuo)声(sheng)，而(er)展省听(ting)之，知其完否善恶(e)也。
王出入则令奏《王夏》，尸出入则令奏《肆夏》，牲出入则令奏《昭夏》，（三夏，皆乐章名。
○<尸(shi)死>，音尸(shi)，本亦作(zuo)尸(shi)。）
[疏]“王出”至“昭夏”
○释曰：云“王出入”者，据前文大祭祀而言。王出入，谓王将祭祀，初入庙门，升祭讫，出庙门，皆令奏《王夏》也。尸出入，谓尸初入庙门，及祭祀讫，出庙门，皆令奏《肆夏》。牲出入者，谓二灌後，王出迎牲，及阎肉与体其大豕，是牲出入，皆令奏《昭夏》。先言王，次言尸，後言牲者，亦祭祀之次也。
○注“三夏皆乐章名”
○释曰：此(ci)三(san)夏即下文九夏，皆是诗(shi)。诗(shi)与乐为之章，故云乐章名也。
帅国子(zi)而舞。（当(dang)用舞者，帅以往(wang)。）
[疏]注“当用”至“以往”
○释曰(yue)：凡兴舞，皆(jie)使国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)子弟(di)为之(zhi)(zhi)，但(dan)国(guo)子人多(duo)，不必(bi)一时皆(jie)用，当递代而去，故(gu)选当用者，帅(shuai)以往(wang)为舞之(zhi)(zhi)处也。
大(da)飨不入(ru)(ru)牲(sheng)，其他皆如(ru)祭祀。（大(da)飨，飨宾客也。不入(ru)(ru)牲(sheng)，牲(sheng)不入(ru)(ru)，亦不奏(zou)《昭夏》也。其他，谓王出入(ru)(ru)、宾客出入(ru)(ru)亦奏(zou)《王夏》、《肆夏》。）
[疏]“大飨”至“祭祀”
○释曰：凡大飨有三：案《礼器》云“郊血大飨腥”，郑云“大飨，祭先王”，一也。彼又云“大飨，尚段”，谓飨诸侯来朝者，二也。《曲礼下》云“大飨不问卜”，谓总飨五帝於明堂，三也。此经云大飨，与《郊特牲》“大飨尚段”为一物。言不入牲，谓飨亦在庙，其祭祀则君牵牲入杀，今大飨亦在庙，诸侯其牲在庙门外杀，因即烹之，升鼎乃入，故云不入牲也。
○注“大飨”至“肆夏”
○释曰：郑(zheng)知此大飨(xiang)(xiang)是飨(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)客者(zhe)，以(yi)其不(bu)入(ru)(ru)牲。若祭祀大飨(xiang)(xiang)，牲当(dang)(dang)入(ru)(ru)，故(gu)知飨(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)客、诸侯来(lai)朝(chao)者(zhe)也。云“其他谓王(wang)出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)、宾(bin)(bin)(bin)客出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)亦奏(zou)(zou)《王(wang)夏》、《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》”者(zhe)，则(ze)据宾(bin)(bin)(bin)客与(yu)(yu)尸同(tong)(tong)奏(zou)(zou)《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》。案《礼器》云：“大飨(xiang)(xiang)其王(wang)事与(yu)(yu)？”又云：“其出(chu)(chu)也《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》而(er)(er)送(song)之。”郑(zheng)注(zhu)云：“《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》，当(dang)(dang)为《陔夏》。”彼宾(bin)(bin)(bin)出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)奏(zou)(zou)《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》，与(yu)(yu)此大飨(xiang)(xiang)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》同(tong)(tong)。而(er)(er)破“肆(si)(si)(si)夏”为“陔夏”者(zhe)，彼郑(zheng)注(zhu)大飨(xiang)(xiang)为祭先王(wang)，祭未(wei)有燕，而(er)(er)饮酒有宾(bin)(bin)(bin)醉(zui)(zui)之法，与(yu)(yu)《乡饮酒》宾(bin)(bin)(bin)醉(zui)(zui)而(er)(er)出(chu)(chu)奏(zou)(zou)《陔夏》同(tong)(tong)，故(gu)破肆(si)(si)(si)夏为陔夏。此大飨(xiang)(xiang)，飨(xiang)(xiang)诸侯来(lai)朝(chao)，则(ze)《左传》云飨(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)训恭(gong)俭，“设凡而(er)(er)不(bu)倚，爵盈而(er)(er)不(bu)饮”，献依命数，宾(bin)(bin)(bin)无(wu)醉(zui)(zui)理，故(gu)宾(bin)(bin)(bin)出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)奏(zou)(zou)《肆(si)(si)(si)夏》，与(yu)(yu)尸出(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)同(tong)(tong)也。
大射，王出入，令奏《王夏》；及射，令奏《驺虞》。（《驺虞》，乐章名，在《召南》之卒章。王射以《驺虞》为节。
○驺(zou)，侧(ce)留反。召，上照(zhao)反，下“召南”同(tong)。）
[疏]“大射”至“驺虞”
○释曰：大射，谓将祭祀，择士而射於西郊虞庠学中。王有入出之时，奏《王夏》。及射，奏《驺虞》之诗为射节。
○注“驺虞”至“为节”
○释曰：云(yun)“《驺(zou)(zou)虞》，乐章名，在《召(zhao)南》之(zhi)卒章”者，《召(zhao)南》卒章云(yun)：“一发五，于嗟(jie)乎驺(zou)(zou)虞。”以(yi)言君一发其矢，虞人驱(qu)五兽而来，喻(yu)得贤者多，故下《乐师》注引《射义》云(yun)：“《驺(zou)(zou)虞》者，乐官备也。”是故天(tian)子(zi)以(yi)备官为节是也。
诏诸侯以弓矢舞。（舞，谓执弓挟矢揖让进退之仪。
○挟，子协(xie)反(fan)，又音协(xie)。）
[疏]“诏诸”至“矢舞”
○释曰：射诸侯来朝将助祭，预天子大射之时，则司乐诏告诸侯射之舞节。
○注“舞谓”至“之仪”
○释曰：案《大射(she)》云：“命(ming)三(san)(san)耦取弓矢於次，三(san)(san)耦皆次第各与其(qi)耦执弓，三(san)(san)挟一矢，向西阶前，当阶揖(yi)(yi)，升(sheng)(sheng)揖(yi)(yi)，当物揖(yi)(yi)，射(she)讫，降揖(yi)(yi)，如升(sheng)(sheng)射(she)之仪。”是(shi)其(qi)舞节也(ye)。
王大食，三宥，皆令奏锺鼓。（大食，朔月月半以乐宥食时也。宥犹劝也。
○宥，音又。）
[疏]注“大食”至“劝也”
○释曰(yue)：郑知(zhi)(zhi)“大(da)食(shi)(shi)，朔(shuo)月(yue)加牲(sheng)”者，案《玉藻》，天子诸侯皆朔(shuo)月(yue)加牲(sheng)体之(zhi)事(shi)。又知(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)半(ban)者，此无正文，约《士丧礼》月(yue)半(ban)不殷奠(dian)，则大(da)夫(fu)已(yi)上，有(you)月(yue)半(ban)殷奠(dian)法，则知(zhi)(zhi)生人亦(yi)有(you)月(yue)半(ban)大(da)食(shi)(shi)法。既言大(da)食(shi)(shi)令奏，若(ruo)凡常日食(shi)(shi)，则大(da)司(si)乐不令奏锺(zhong)鼓，亦(yi)有(you)乐侑(you)食(shi)(shi)矣(yi)。知(zhi)(zhi)日食(shi)(shi)有(you)乐者，案《膳(shan)夫(fu)》云(yun)“以(yi)乐侑(you)食(shi)(shi)”，是常食(shi)(shi)也。
王师大献，则令奏恺乐。（大献，献捷於祖。恺乐，献功之乐。郑司农说以《春秋》晋文公败楚於城濮，传曰“振旅恺以入於晋”。
○败，必迈反。濮，音卜。）
[疏]注“大献”至“于晋”
○释曰：案《郑(zheng)志》，赵商问：“大(da)司马云：‘师(shi)(shi)有功，则恺(kai)乐(le)(le)献于社。’《春官(guan)·大(da)司乐(le)(le)》云：‘王师(shi)(shi)大(da)献，则令奏恺(kai)乐(le)(le)。’注云：‘大(da)献，献捷於(wu)祖(zu)。’不(bu)达(da)异意。”答(da)曰：“《司马》云师(shi)(shi)大(da)献则献社，以(yi)军之(zhi)功，故献於(wu)社。大(da)司乐(le)(le)，宗伯之(zhi)属，宗伯主於(wu)宗庙(miao)之(zhi)礼(li)，故献於(wu)祖(zu)也(ye)。”云“恺(kai)乐(le)(le)，献功之(zhi)乐(le)(le)”者，则晋(jin)之(zhi)振(zhen)旅恺(kai)是也(ye)。故取先郑(zheng)所引於(wu)下。案僖二十八年，晋(jin)败楚(chu)於(wu)城濮，晋(jin)振(zhen)旅，恺(kai)以(yi)入於(wu)晋(jin)，是所据(ju)也(ye)。
凡日月食，四镇五岳崩，大傀异灾，诸侯薨，令去乐。（四镇，山之重大者，谓扬州之会稽，青州之沂山，幽州之医无闾，冀州之霍山。五岳，岱在兖州，衡在荆州，华在豫州，岳在雍州，恒在并州。傀犹怪也。大怪异灾，谓天地奇变，若星辰奔及震裂为害者。去乐，藏之也。《春秋传》曰：“壬午犹绎，《万》入去。”万言入，则去者不入，藏之可知。
○傀，刘九靡(mi)反，旧音(yin)怪，《说(shuo)文(wen)》以为“傀伟(wei)”之字解引此文(wen)，《字林》公回(hui)反，李(li)一音(yin)杜回(hui)反。会，古外(wai)反。沂，鱼依反。雍，於(wu)用反。，于敏(min)反。绎，音(yin)亦。）
[疏]注“四镇”至“可知”
○释曰：郑知(zhi)(zhi)“四(si)镇(zhen)(zhen)，山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”，以(yi)(yi)《职方》九州(zhou)(zhou)，州(zhou)(zhou)各有镇(zhen)(zhen)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，皆(jie)曰其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)州(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)镇(zhen)(zhen)，故(gu)云(yun)(yun)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)重大(da)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。但五(wu)(wu)州(zhou)(zhou)五(wu)(wu)镇(zhen)(zhen)得入(ru)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名(ming)，馀(yu)四(si)州(zhou)(zhou)不(bu)得岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，仍依(yi)旧为(wei)(wei)(wei)镇(zhen)(zhen)号，故(gu)四(si)镇(zhen)(zhen)也(ye)(ye)。自五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)已(yi)下，亦据《职方》而(er)言。以(yi)(yi)周处镐京，在(zai)五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)外，故(gu)郑注(zhu)(zhu)《康诰》云(yun)(yun)：“岐镐处五(wu)(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外，周公为(wei)(wei)(wei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)於正不(bu)均，故(gu)东行於洛(luo)邑(yi)，合(he)诸(zhu)侯，谋作天(tian)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)居。”是(shi)西都(dou)无(wu)西岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，权立吴岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)西岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。《尔(er)雅》“嵩高为(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，华山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)西岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，据东都(dou)地中(zhong)而(er)言，即(ji)(ji)《宗伯(bo)》注(zhu)(zhu)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)嵩与(yu)(yu)华山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)俱属豫州(zhou)(zhou)，雍州(zhou)(zhou)无(wu)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)名(ming)。此(ci)经(jing)欲见(jian)九州(zhou)(zhou)俱有灾变(bian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理，故(gu)注(zhu)(zhu)据西都(dou)吴岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)西岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)说(shuo)耳。案(an)《尔(er)雅》，霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。案(an)《尚(shang)书》及《王制》注(zhu)(zhu)，皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)衡(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，不(bu)同(tong)(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，案(an)郭(guo)璞注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)今在(zai)庐江(jiang)潜(qian)县(xian)(xian)(xian)西南(nan)(nan)(nan)，潜(qian)水出(chu)焉，别(bie)名(ming)天(tian)柱山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。武(wu)帝以(yi)(yi)衡(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)辽远，因谶纬皆(jie)以(yi)(yi)霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)，故(gu)移其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)神於此(ci)，今其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)土(tu)俗人皆(jie)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)。南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)本自以(yi)(yi)两山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)名(ming)，非(fei)从近来。”如郭(guo)此(ci)言，即(ji)(ji)南(nan)(nan)(nan)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)衡(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)自有两名(ming)，若(ruo)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)然(ran)，则(ze)(ze)武(wu)帝在(zai)《尔(er)雅》前乎？明(ming)不(bu)然(ran)也(ye)(ye)。案(an)：潜(qian)县(xian)(xian)(xian)霍(huo)(huo)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，一(yi)名(ming)衡(heng)阳山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，则(ze)(ze)与(yu)(yu)衡(heng)岳(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)异名(ming)实(shi)同(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)。或可(ke)荆州(zhou)(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)衡(heng)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)，亦与(yu)(yu)庐江(jiang)潜(qian)县(xian)(xian)(xian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)别(bie)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“大(da)怪(guai)异灾，谓(wei)天(tian)地奇变(bian)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，此(ci)奇变(bian)，与(yu)(yu)星辰已(yi)下为(wei)(wei)(wei)总之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)语也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“若(ruo)星辰奔”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)若(ruo)《左氏(shi)》云(yun)(yun)“岁(sui)在(zai)星纪而(er)淫於玄枵”，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)奔。石(shi)於宋五(wu)(wu)，及星而(er)雨，是(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“及震(zhen)裂为(wei)(wei)(wei)害”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，谓(wei)若(ruo)《左氏(shi)》云(yun)(yun)地震(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类。云(yun)(yun)“去(qu)乐(le)，藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)乐(le)器不(bu)县(xian)(xian)(xian)，则(ze)(ze)藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。今云(yun)(yun)去(qu)乐(le)，明(ming)知(zhi)(zhi)还依(yi)本藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)《春秋传(chuan)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)，宣(xuan)八年《左氏(shi)》云(yun)(yun)：“辛巳，有事于(yu)大(da)庙，仲遂卒於垂。壬午，犹绎(yi)，《万》入(ru)去(qu)。”但卿佐卒，轻於正祭，故(gu)辛巳日(ri)不(bu)废(fei)正祭，重於绎(yi)祭，当废(fei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。宣(xuan)公不(bu)废(fei)绎(yi)，故(gu)加(jia)“犹”以(yi)(yi)尢之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，有声(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)入(ru)用，是(shi)以(yi)(yi)《公羊(yang)传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)：“去(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有声(sheng)，废(fei)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)无(wu)声(sheng)。”郑答赵商(shang)云(yun)(yun)：“於去(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)废(fei)。”是(shi)去(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)用，废(fei)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)入(ru)用，即(ji)(ji)“《万》入(ru)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。故(gu)郑云(yun)(yun)：“《万》言入(ru)，则(ze)(ze)去(qu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)入(ru)，藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)可(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)。”以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)彼云(yun)(yun)去(qu)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有声(sheng)，与(yu)(yu)此(ci)经(jing)去(qu)乐(le)藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong)(tong)，故(gu)引以(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)证也(ye)(ye)。
大札、大凶、大灾、大臣死，凡国之大忧，令弛县。（札，疫疠也。凶，凶年也。，水火也。弛，释下之，若今休兵鼓之为。
○札(zha)，则八反(fan)，郑音截。弛(chi)，式氏反(fan)。）
[疏]“大札”至“弛县”
○释曰：“大札”，疫疠，则《左氏传》“夭昏札瘥”是也。“大凶”，则《曲礼》云“岁凶，年不登”是也。“大灾”，水火，则宋大水及天火曰灾之类是也。“大臣死”，则大夫已上是也。“凡国之大忧”者，谓若《礼记·檀弓》云国亡大县邑及战败之类是也。“令弛县”，谓《大司乐》令乐宫弛常县之乐也。
○注“札疫”至“之为”
○释曰(yue)：“札，疫(yi)疠(li)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)，凡疫(yi)病皆疠(li)鬼为之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故言疫(yi)疠(li)也(ye)(ye)。云“弛，释下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，若今休兵鼓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为”者(zhe)，乐县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)於ね，释下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，与(yu)兵鼓县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於车上，休亦(yi)释下之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义相(xiang)似，故举今以(yi)况古。且上文(wen)云“去(qu)乐”，据庙(miao)中其县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐，去(qu)其藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而不作。此文(wen)据路寝常(chang)县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐，弛其县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，互文(wen)以(yi)见义也(ye)(ye)。去(qu)者(zhe)藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)亦(yi)先(xian)弛其县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，弛县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)亦(yi)去(qu)而藏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但路寝常(chang)县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，故以(yi)县(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。
凡建国，禁其淫声、过声、凶声、慢声。（淫声，若郑卫也。过声，失哀乐之节。凶声，亡国之声，若桑间、濮上。慢声，隋慢不恭。
○乐，音洛。）
[疏]注“淫声”至“不恭”
○释曰：经云(yun)(yun)“建国(guo)”，谓(wei)新(xin)封诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)，乐者(zhe)移(yi)风(feng)易俗，先当用其正乐以化民，故禁此(ci)四者(zhe)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“淫声(sheng)，若(ruo)(ruo)郑(zheng)玄(xuan)也(ye)”者(zhe)，《乐记(ji)》文(wen)。郑(zheng)则(ze)(ze)《缁衣》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗说妇人(ren)者(zhe)九篇。卫则(ze)(ze)三卫之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诗，云(yun)(yun)“期我於(wu)(wu)桑(sang)中”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类(lei)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“过(guo)声(sheng)，失(shi)(shi)哀(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)”者(zhe)，若(ruo)(ruo)《玉藻(zao)》云(yun)(yun)：“御瞽(gu)几声(sheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上下(xia)。”上下(xia)，谓(wei)哀(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)乐，瞽(gu)人(ren)歌(ge)诗以察乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)哀(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)乐，使得(de)哀(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)。若(ruo)(ruo)失(shi)(shi)哀(ai)(ai)(ai)(ai)乐之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节(jie)，则(ze)(ze)不(bu)可也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“凶声(sheng)，亡(wang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)声(sheng)，若(ruo)(ruo)桑(sang)间(jian)濮上”者(zhe)，亦《乐记(ji)》文(wen)。郑(zheng)彼注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)：“濮水(shui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上，地有桑(sang)间(jian)者(zhe)，亡(wang)国(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)音，於(wu)(wu)此(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)出也(ye)。”又引《史记(ji)》，昔武王伐(fa)纣(zhou)(zhou)，师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)延(yan)东走(zou)，自沈(shen)於(wu)(wu)濮水(shui)。卫灵公(gong)(gong)朝晋，过(guo)焉，夜闻(wen)，使师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涓写之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。至晋，晋侯(hou)(hou)燕(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，谓(wei)晋平(ping)公(gong)(gong)曰：“寡人(ren)闻(wen)新(xin)声(sheng)，为公(gong)(gong)鼓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”遂使师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)涓鼓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，晋侯(hou)(hou)使师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)旷坐而听之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，抚而止之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)曰：“昔纣(zhou)(zhou)使师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)延(yan)作靡(mi)靡(mi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乐，武王伐(fa)纣(zhou)(zhou)，师(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)延(yan)东走(zou)，自沈(shen)於(wu)(wu)濮水(shui)。”此(ci)淫声(sheng)，非新(xin)声(sheng)，是(shi)(shi)其义也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“慢(man)声(sheng)，惰慢(man)不(bu)恭(gong)”者(zhe)，谓(wei)若(ruo)(ruo)《乐记(ji)》子(zi)夏对魏文(wen)侯(hou)(hou)云(yun)(yun)：“齐音敖僻(pi)╂志(zhi)。”即是(shi)(shi)惰慢(man)不(bu)恭(gong)者(zhe)也(ye)。
大丧，莅乐器。（莅，临也。，兴也。临笙师、师之属，兴乐器也。兴谓作之也。
○，许金反(fan)。兴，许应反(fan)，後皆放(fang)此。，音(yin)博。）
[疏]注“莅临”至“之也”
○释(shi)曰(yue)：郑知临笙(sheng)师、师者，案《笙(sheng)》、《师》皆(jie)云(yun)“丧，其(qi)乐器(qi)奉而藏之(zhi)”，故知也。云(yun)“之(zhi)属”，《师》亦(yi)云(yun)“大丧，其(qi)乐器(qi)奉而藏之(zhi)”，《司干》亦(yi)云(yun)“大丧舞(wu)器(qi)”，此不言之(zhi)，即属中兼(jian)之(zhi)也。
及葬，藏(zang)乐(le)器，亦如之。
[疏]“及葬”至“如之”
○释曰：此临藏乐器，还临笙师(shi)、师(shi)等，故彼皆(jie)云奉而藏之(zhi)也(ye)。