无(wu)论是(shi)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)社会还是(shi)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)而言，五四运(yun)动(dong)(dong)都是(shi)一个(ge)已(yi)经产生(sheng)并将继续产生(sheng)深远(yuan)影响的(de)历史事(shi)件。与此相关(guan)联，五四新(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)成为(wei)近年来中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)思想文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)界关(guan)注(zhu)和(he)讨论的(de)焦点之一。其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)一个(ge)颇(po)受关(guan)注(zhu)的(de)问题是(shi)：新(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)是(shi)否真的(de)造成了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)传统断裂？应当说，新(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)的(de)确(que)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)传统形成一定冲击，但这种冲击究竟是(shi)不是(shi)造成了中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)传统断裂，是(shi)一个(ge)需要在更为(wei)宏大的(de)历史背(bei)景(jing)下加以认真考量的(de)事(shi)情。
中国文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)(hua)历程是在(zai)西方(fang)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)强烈冲(chong)击(ji)下被迫起步(bu)的(de)(de)(de)。对于后起的(de)(de)(de)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)系(xi)统而言，这(zhei)种“外在(zai)冲(chong)击(ji)”在(zai)某种意义(yi)上(shang)说(shuo)也(ye)是一(yi)个重(zhong)要阶段，因为(wei)没有(you)这(zhei)种外在(zai)冲(chong)击(ji)作为(wei)解(jie)构的(de)(de)(de)力量，要想进行真正(zheng)意义(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代建构必然困难(nan)重(zhong)重(zhong)。对中国文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)而言，利用西方(fang)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)对中国传统文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)中的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)些(xie)落后东西进行揭(jie)露批判，可(ke)以为(wei)中国文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)(hua)价值系(xi)统的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)建廓清内(nei)涵的(de)(de)(de)空间。同时，正(zheng)是通过(guo)“外在(zai)冲(chong)击(ji)”，源(yuan)起于西方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)科学、民主等(deng)逐渐成(cheng)为(wei)中国文(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)现(xian)(xian)(xian)代化(hua)(hua)价值目标中的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要组成(cheng)部(bu)分。
但是(shi)(shi)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)并没(mei)有停留在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)被动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)接(jie)受外在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冲击(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)阶段，而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)经(jing)历(li)冲击(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，逐渐开(kai)启了(le)(le)(le)通过将现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)内化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)为(wei)(wei)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)生命的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本价值(zhi)目标(biao)，从(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)实现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)由“外在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)冲击(ji)”到(dao)“内在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)转(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)”转(zhuan)变的(de)(de)(de)(de)历(li)史(shi)过程。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)这(zhei)一过程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)成(cheng)为(wei)(wei)历(li)史(shi)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)转(zhuan)折点(dian)。一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)标(biao)志着(zhe)西(xi)方(fang)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)传统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冲击(ji)已深入到(dao)精神理(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)层面(mian)(mian)，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)形(xing)式上可以看作是(shi)(shi)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)传统(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)腐(fu)朽成(cheng)分的(de)(de)(de)(de)解构(gou)达到(dao)了(le)(le)(le)较为(wei)(wei)彻底的(de)(de)(de)(de)程度。正是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)先进的(de)(de)(de)(de)知识分子终(zhong)于认识到(dao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)西(xi)更(geng)为(wei)(wei)深刻的(de)(de)(de)(de)差距不(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)物质(zhi)与制度层面(mian)(mian)而(er)(er)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)理(li)念层面(mian)(mian)。由此，以新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)为(wei)(wei)标(biao)志，利用西(xi)方(fang)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)传统(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)批(pi)判(pan)与解构(gou)深入到(dao)核心层面(mian)(mian)，荡涤了(le)(le)(le)几千(qian)年来(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)封建旧(jiu)礼教、旧(jiu)道德(de)、旧(jiu)思(si)(si)想、旧(jiu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，从(cong)(cong)而(er)(er)为(wei)(wei)真(zhen)正完成(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)重建中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)“破”的(de)(de)(de)(de)历(li)史(shi)任务提供(gong)了(le)(le)(le)可能性。另(ling)一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)构(gou)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)进程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)由“破”到(dao)“立”的(de)(de)(de)(de)历(li)史(shi)分界线。如果说此前主要(yao)体现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)逐渐被由外而(er)(er)里(li)不(bu)断解构(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)过程，那(nei)么，此后中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)发展演进的(de)(de)(de)(de)主旋律则是(shi)(shi)要(yao)寻求中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)重建。新(xin)(xin)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)运(yun)动(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)之后，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)成(cheng)为(wei)(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)马克(ke)思(si)(si)主义(yi)、文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)保守主义(yi)者甚至是(shi)(shi)西(xi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)派的(de)(de)(de)(de)共同的(de)(de)(de)(de)理(li)想目标(biao)，而(er)(er)马克(ke)思(si)(si)主义(yi)无疑(yi)成(cheng)为(wei)(wei)了(le)(le)(le)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)(guo)(guo)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)现(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)主导。
由此，新文化(hua)运动也就(jiu)为20世纪(ji)中(zhong)国文化(hua)的(de)(de)发展(zhan)(zhan)规定了基(ji)本方向。此后，中(zhong)国文化(hua)的(de)(de)现代化(hua)虽(sui)然并没有径直走上坦(tan)途，但通过(guo)近一个世纪(ji)的(de)(de)曲折发展(zhan)(zhan)，中(zhong)国文化(hua)不仅没有衰(shuai)败，反而迎来(lai)了由复(fu)苏到兴盛的(de)(de)新发展(zhan)(zhan)。进入21世纪(ji)，随(sui)着中(zhong)华民族(zu)复(fu)兴进程的(de)(de)不断推进，中(zhong)国文化(hua)所内蕴(yun)的(de)(de)强盛生命力也在得(de)到越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)充分的(de)(de)体现。
尽(jin)管新文(wen)化运动(dong)中确实存在着对(dui)中国(guo)文(wen)化传(chuan)统(tong)(tong)彻底批判的一(yi)面，尽(jin)管这种批判曾经对(dui)中国(guo)文(wen)化传(chuan)统(tong)(tong)形成(cheng)了一(yi)定冲击，但它(ta)没有也不可能造成(cheng)中国(guo)文(wen)化传(chuan)统(tong)(tong)的断裂，反(fan)而在“破”与“立”的双重(zhong)变奏中成(cheng)为中国(guo)文(wen)化发展的新起点。
4．下(xia)列(lie)关于原文内容的(de)表述，正确的(de)一项是（3分）
A．新文化运动对(dui)中(zhong)国文化传统(tong)形成一定冲击，这种(zhong)冲击是否造(zao)成了中(zhong)国文化传统(tong)断裂，还需(xu)在更大的历史背(bei)景下去考查(cha)。
B．利用西(xi)方(fang)现代文化(hua)可以(yi)对中国传统(tong)文化(hua)的(de)一切落后东西(xi)进行(xing)批判(pan)，能(neng)为中国文化(hua)现代化(hua)价值系统(tong)的(de)重新廓清内涵(han)的(de)空(kong)间。
C．在新文化运动(dong)中，中国先进的(de)知识分(fen)子终于(yu)认识到中西更为深刻的(de)差(cha)距不(bu)仅在物质与制度层面而(er)且在文化理念层面。
D．藉(jie)着(zhe)西方现代文(wen)化(hua)对(dui)中(zhong)国传统(tong)的(de)批判与(yu)解(jie)构，我们终于(yu)可以真正地完成中(zhong)国文(wen)化(hua)现代重建中(zhong)“破”的(de)历史任务。
5．根据原文(wen)内容(rong)，下(xia)列理解和分析(xi)不正确的一项是（3分）
A．这种“外在(zai)冲(chong)击(ji)”对后起文化(hua)具有(you)重要(yao)的意义，没有(you)这种外在(zai)冲(chong)击(ji)的解构就没有(you)真(zhen)正(zheng)意义上(shang)的后起文化(hua)的现代建构。
B．新文化(hua)(hua)运动为20世纪(ji)中国文化(hua)(hua)的发展指明了基(ji)本方向，此后(hou)中国文化(hua)(hua)的现代化(hua)(hua)经过艰难跋(ba)涉，最终迎来了新发展。
C．在(zai)(zai)(zai)中国(guo)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)的现代化(hua)(hua)(hua)实现由“外(wai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)冲击”到“内(nei)在(zai)(zai)(zai)转(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)”转(zhuan)变(bian)的这一过(guo)程中，新(xin)文化(hua)(hua)(hua)运动成为(wei)了历史性的转(zhuan)折点。
D．新(xin)文化(hua)运动(dong)后，中国文化(hua)的现(xian)代化(hua)是各种(zhong)主义、派别的共同的理想目标，而马(ma)克思(si)主义成了中国文化(hua)现(xian)代化(hua)的主导(dao)。
6．下(xia)列理(li)解和分析，不符合(he)原文意思的(de)一(yi)项(xiang)是（3分）
A．五四运动(dong)不管是(shi)对中国(guo)社会(hui)还是(shi)对中国(guo)文化方(fang)面，都是(shi)一个已经产生并(bing)会(hui)继(ji)续(xu)产生深远影(ying)响的重(zhong)大历史事件。
B．新文化(hua)运(yun)动是西方现代化(hua)对(dui)中(zhong)国文化(hua)传(chuan)统精(jing)神(shen)理念(nian)冲(chong)击的标(biao)志，它在形式上对(dui)中(zhong)国文化(hua)传(chuan)统中(zhong)腐朽成分(fen)进行了较为彻底(di)的解构。
C．如(ru)果把中国文化(hua)分(fen)成由外到里不断地被解构和(he)寻(xun)求现代重建这两个阶(jie)段，那(nei)么新文化(hua)运动就是这两个阶(jie)段的(de)分(fen)界线。
D．新(xin)文(wen)化(hua)运动对(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)化(hua)传统的(de)(de)批判并没有造成中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)化(hua)传统的(de)(de)断裂，中(zhong)(zhong)国(guo)文(wen)化(hua)也(ye)因此找到了新(xin)的(de)(de)发展(zhan)起点。
参考答案：
4．A
5．A
6．D
【解析】
4．试题(ti)(ti)(ti)分析：论述(shu)类文(wen)(wen)(wen)体阅(yue)读的(de)命题(ti)(ti)(ti)主要从概念(nian)、判(pan)断、推(tui)理三个(ge)角(jiao)度命题(ti)(ti)(ti)，概念(nian)注(zhu)意(yi)“答(da)非所问”“内涵、外(wai)延不(bu)(bu)准”“误(wu)划类别”“张冠李戴”；判(pan)断类注(zhu)意(yi)“范围不(bu)(bu)当”“偷(tou)换(huan)概念(nian)”“曲(qu)解文(wen)(wen)(wen)意(yi)”；推(tui)理注(zhu)意(yi)“强(qiang)加因(yin)果”“强(qiang)行推(tui)理”等错(cuo)(cuo)误(wu)。答(da)题(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)关键是(shi)审(shen)清题(ti)(ti)(ti)干、找准区位、对读原文(wen)(wen)(wen)、寻(xun)找细微的(de)差别。B项原文(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)“一些”，C“不(bu)(bu)仅在(zai)物(wu)质与制(zhi)度层(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)而且在(zai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化理念(nian)层(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)”错(cuo)(cuo)误(wu)，原文(wen)(wen)(wen)是(shi)“不(bu)(bu)在(zai)物(wu)质与制(zhi)度层(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)而在(zai)文(wen)(wen)(wen)化理念(nian)层(ceng)(ceng)面(mian)”，D项是(shi)“成为(wei)可能”。所以选B。
考点：筛(shai)选并整合(he)文(wen)中的信息。能力层级为分析综合(he)C。
5．试题(ti)分析：此(ci)题(ti)考查筛(shai)选信息的(de)(de)能力(li)。解(jie)答此(ci)题(ti)，可根据对文(wen)(wen)意的(de)(de)理解(jie)，将选项分别(bie)代入原文(wen)(wen)进(jin)行(xing)比(bi)较分析，A项，“没有(you)这种(zhong)外在(zai)冲击的(de)(de)解(jie)构(gou)就没有(you)真(zhen)正意义上的(de)(de)后起(qi)文(wen)(wen)化的(de)(de)现(xian)代建构(gou)”错误，原文(wen)(wen)是“没有(you)这种(zhong)外在(zai)冲击作(zuo)为解(jie)构(gou)的(de)(de)力(li)量，要(yao)想进(jin)行(xing)真(zhen)正意义上的(de)(de)现(xian)代建构(gou)必(bi)然困难重(zhong)重(zhong)”。所以(yi)选A。
考点：筛选(xuan)并整合(he)文(wen)中的(de)信息。能力层级为(wei)分(fen)析(xi)综(zong)合(he)C。
6．试题分析：此种归纳内容要点(dian)和分析作者观(guan)点(dian)态度的题目，解答时应(ying)先根据选项(xiang)确定原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)信息(xi)所在的位置，然后将选项(xiang)和原(yuan)文(wen)(wen)进行(xing)比较，并结合上下文(wen)(wen)语境进行(xing)判(pan)断。D项(xiang)，中国文(wen)(wen)化找(zhao)到新(xin)起(qi)点(dian)，并不是因(yin)为“新(xin)文(wen)(wen)化运动对中国传统文(wen)(wen)化的批判(pan)”。所以(yi)选D。
考(kao)点(dian)：分(fen)(fen)析概括作者(zhe)在文中的观点(dian)态度。能力层级(ji)为分(fen)(fen)析综合(he)C。
