卷二十七 觐礼第十
四享,皆(jie)束帛加(jia)璧,庭实(shi)唯国所有。四当(dang)为(wei)三(san)(san)(san)。古书作三(san)(san)(san)四或(huo)皆(jie)积画,此篇又多(duo)四字,字相似,由此误(wu)也(ye)。《大行人(ren)职》曰诸侯“庙(miao)中(zhong)将币,皆(jie)三(san)(san)(san)享”,其(qi)礼差又无取於四也(ye)。初(chu)享或(huo)用(yong)马,或(huo)用(yong)虎豹之皮。其(qi)次享,三(san)(san)(san)牲鱼腊(la),笾豆之实(shi),龟也(ye),金也(ye),丹(dan)漆丝纊竹箭也(ye),其(qi)馀无常货。此地物非一国所能(neng)有,唯所有分为(wei)三(san)(san)(san)享,皆(jie)以璧帛致(zhi)之。
[疏]“四享”至“所有”。
○注“四当”至“致之”。
○释(shi)曰(yue):自(zi)此(ci)尽“事(shi)毕(bi)”,论侯(hou)(hou)氏行(xing)觐礼(li)(li)(li)讫,相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)随即(ji)行(xing)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“四(si)(si)(si)(si)当为三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)。古(gu)书(shu)作三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)四(si)(si)(si)(si)或(huo)(huo)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)积(ji)画(hua)(hua),此(ci)篇(pian)又(you)多四(si)(si)(si)(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi),字(zi)(zi)(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)似,由此(ci)误也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)(si)(si)当为三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),诸(zhu)(zhu)文唯谓(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),无(wu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)误作四(si)(si)(si)(si)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),由古(gu)书(shu)作三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)四(si)(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)字(zi)(zi)(zi),或(huo)(huo)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)积(ji)画(hua)(hua)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《尧典》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“帝曰(yue):次(ci)!亖岳(yue)。”《皋陶》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“外(wai)薄亖海(hai)(hai)”,《泰誓(shi)》序云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“作《泰誓(shi)》三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)篇(pian)”,是(shi)古(gu)书(shu)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)四(si)(si)(si)(si)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)积(ji)画(hua)(hua)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)此(ci)篇(pian)又(you)多四(si)(si)(si)(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),下(xia)有(you)(you)“四(si)(si)(si)(si)传摈(bin)”,又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“路下(xia)四(si)(si)(si)(si)亚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)四(si)(si)(si)(si)马”,“四(si)(si)(si)(si)门”,“四(si)(si)(si)(si)尺”,四(si)(si)(si)(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)既多,积(ji)画(hua)(hua)亖又(you)似三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san),由此(ci)故(gu)(gu)(gu)误为四(si)(si)(si)(si)字(zi)(zi)(zi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引《大(da)(da)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲证(zheng)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)为正(zheng)文。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)差(cha)又(you)无(wu)取於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)(an)《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)》“小(xiao)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)曰(yue)问(wen),不(bu)(bu)(bu)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)”,大(da)(da)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)虽有(you)(you)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)数(shu),明一(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而已。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《大(da)(da)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)同(tong)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran),三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)与(yu)一(yi)及不(bu)(bu)(bu)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),是(shi)其(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)差(cha),是(shi)无(wu)取於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)(si)(si)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义(yi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)从三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)为正(zheng)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“初享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)马,或(huo)(huo)虎豹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)(an)下(xia)经先(xian)陈马,《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)》特(te)言(yan)(yan)(yan)皮(pi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)初享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)二(er)(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为先(xian)。言(yan)(yan)(yan)“或(huo)(huo)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)》记云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皮(pi)马相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)閒(xian),可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”,又(you)《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)》经夕币(bi)时,皮(pi)则(ze)左首,展币(bi)时,更云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)马则(ze)幕南北面(mian),此(ci)下(xia)经亦(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)马,案(an)(an)(an)(an)《郊特(te)牲(sheng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“虎豹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi),示服猛也(ye)(ye)(ye)”,是(shi)其(qi)(qi)或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)马,或(huo)(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)虎豹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi),为初享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)次(ci)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)牲(sheng)鱼(yu)腊,笾豆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)实”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)《礼(li)(li)(li)器》文。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《礼(li)(li)(li)器》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)(da)飨,其(qi)(qi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)事(shi)与(yu)?三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)牲(sheng)、鱼(yu)、腊,四(si)(si)(si)(si)海(hai)(hai)九(jiu)(jiu)州之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)美味(wei)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。笾豆之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)荐,四(si)(si)(si)(si)时之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)和(he)气也(ye)(ye)(ye)。内金,示和(he)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)加(jia)(jia)璧(bi)(bi)(bi),尊(zun)德也(ye)(ye)(ye)。龟为前列,先(xian)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。金次(ci)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),见(jian)情(qing)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。丹漆、丝纊(kuang)、竹箭,与(yu)众共(gong)财也(ye)(ye)(ye)。其(qi)(qi)馀无(wu)常货(huo),各(ge)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)所有(you)(you),则(ze)致(zhi)远(yuan)物也(ye)(ye)(ye)。”彼诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)国王(wang)(wang)(wang)为祫祭(ji)而致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),与(yu)此(ci)因(yin)觐致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)同(tong),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)因(yin)觐即(ji)助祭(ji),因(yin)祭(ji)即(ji)致(zhi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)物,若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)当三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)年袷祭(ji),即(ji)特(te)致(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)帛(bo)致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)(an)《聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)》束(shu)(shu)帛(bo)加(jia)(jia)璧(bi)(bi)(bi),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun);束(shu)(shu)锦加(jia)(jia)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫人(ren)(ren)。《小(xiao)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“璧(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帛(bo),琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)锦”,是(shi)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)与(yu)后(hou)(hou)。此(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)帛(bo)致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据(ju)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)而言(yan)(yan)(yan),若(ruo)(ruo)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou),即(ji)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)锦。但三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)在庭分为三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)段,一(yi)度致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),据(ju)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而言(yan)(yan)(yan),非(fei)谓(wei)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)度致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),贡(gong)(gong)(gong)国所有(you)(you),或(huo)(huo)因(yin)朝而贡(gong)(gong)(gong),或(huo)(huo)岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常贡(gong)(gong)(gong),岁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常贡(gong)(gong)(gong)则(ze)《小(xiao)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“春入(ru)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)”及《大(da)(da)宰(zai)》“九(jiu)(jiu)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye),因(yin)朝而贡(gong)(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)《大(da)(da)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“侯(hou)(hou)服,岁一(yi)见(jian),其(qi)(qi)贡(gong)(gong)(gong)祀物”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)帛(bo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)致(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《小(xiao)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“合六币(bi):圭(gui)(gui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)马,璋以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)皮(pi),璧(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)帛(bo),琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)锦,琥(hu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)绣,璜(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黼。此(ci)六物者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)和(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)好故(gu)(gu)(gu)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“合,同(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。六币(bi)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong),其(qi)(qi)大(da)(da)各(ge)如(ru)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)有(you)(you)庭实以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)马。若(ruo)(ruo)皮(pi),皮(pi)虎豹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皮(pi)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)尊(zun),故(gu)(gu)(gu)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)璋而特(te)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《礼(li)(li)(li)器》曰(yue)圭(gui)(gui)璋特(te),义(yi)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)通於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)此(ci),其(qi)(qi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)耳。子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),则(ze)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang),下(xia)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。凡二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)(yu),大(da)(da)小(xiao)各(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)一(yi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)。”若(ruo)(ruo)如(ru)此(ci)言(yan)(yan)(yan),郑知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)玉(yu)(yu)各(ge)如(ru)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),见(jian)《玉(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)九(jiu)(jiu)寸,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)。”言(yan)(yan)(yan)九(jiu)(jiu)寸,据(ju)上(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),文不(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)。公(gong)(gong)依命(ming)数(shu)与(yu)瑞(rui)(rui)等(deng)(deng)(deng),则(ze)侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)(bo)子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)玉(yu)(yu),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)如(ru)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),各(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)一(yi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),又(you)见(jian)《玉(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)职》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“瑑(zhuan)(zhuan)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)八(ba)寸,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫人(ren)(ren)。”郑云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“献於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)所朝聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)夫人(ren)(ren)。”兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)(yan)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)使亦(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)瑞(rui)(rui)一(yi)寸,与(yu)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)同(tong),直言(yan)(yan)(yan)瑑(zhuan)(zhuan)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)夫人(ren)(ren),不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)瑑(zhuan)(zhuan)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)文不(bu)(bu)(bu)具(ju)。若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran),侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)(bo)子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),各(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)瑞(rui)(rui)一(yi)寸可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。圭(gui)(gui)璋据(ju)二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)与(yu)后(hou)(hou)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)既用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong),二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)尊(zun),明用(yong)(yong)(yong)圭(gui)(gui)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi),用(yong)(yong)(yong)璋以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)后(hou)(hou)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)降(jiang)(jiang)於(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi),明二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)退(tui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)瑞(rui)(rui)用(yong)(yong)(yong)璧(bi)(bi)(bi),享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)天(tian)子(zi)(zi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)与(yu)瑞(rui)(rui)同(tong),自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)得与(yu)瑞(rui)(rui)等(deng)(deng)(deng),降(jiang)(jiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang)可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran),子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)自(zi)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)琥(hu)璜(huang)(huang)(huang)(huang),不(bu)(bu)(bu)得逾君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)故(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。又(you)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)五(wu)(wu)等(deng)(deng)(deng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen)聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)享(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)(yu),皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)寸者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),又(you)见(jian)《玉(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“瑑(zhuan)(zhuan)圭(gui)(gui)璋八(ba)寸,璧(bi)(bi)(bi)琮(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)(cong)八(ba)寸,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)覜聘(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)。”八(ba)寸,据(ju)上(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣(chen),则(ze)侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)(bo)子(zi)(zi)男(nan)(nan)(nan)臣(chen),各(ge)降(jiang)(jiang)其(qi)(qi)君(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)寸可(ke)(ke)(ke)(ke)知(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。案(an)(an)(an)(an)《孝经纬援(yuan)神契》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)后(hou)(hou)称公(gong)(gong),大(da)(da)国称侯(hou)(hou)。则(ze)二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)为公(gong)(gong),而则(ze)前谓(wei)公(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)(an)(an)《典命(ming)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“上(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)九(jiu)(jiu)命(ming)为伯(bo)(bo),其(qi)(qi)国家(jia)、宫(gong)室(shi)、车旗、衣服礼(li)(li)(li)仪皆(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九(jiu)(jiu)为节(jie)。”郑注云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“上(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)公(gong)(gong)有(you)(you)德者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),加(jia)(jia)命(ming)为二(er)(er)(er)(er)伯(bo)(bo),二(er)(er)(er)(er)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)为上(shang)(shang)公(gong)(gong)。”若(ruo)(ruo)然(ran),《典命(ming)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)三(san)(san)(san)(san)(san)公(gong)(gong)八(ba)命(ming)。”有(you)(you)功加(jia)(jia)一(yi)命(ming)为二(er)(er)(er)(er)伯(bo)(bo),则(ze)周公(gong)(gong)、召(zhao)公(gong)(gong)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。本国犹称侯(hou)(hou),则(ze)鲁侯(hou)(hou)燕伯(bo)(bo)是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
奉束帛,匹马(ma)卓(zhuo)上,九马(ma)随之,中(zhong)庭西上,奠(dian)币,再拜稽(ji)首。卓(zhuo),读(du)如卓(zhuo)王(wang)孙之卓(zhuo),卓(zhuo)犹的也。以素的一马(ma)以为上,书(shu)其(qi)国名,后(hou)当(dang)识其(qi)何(he)产也。马(ma)必十(shi)匹者(zhe),不敢斥(chi)王(wang)之乘,用成数,敬也。
[疏]“奉束”至“稽首”。
○注“卓读”至“敬也”。
○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“中(zhong)(zhong)庭(ting)(ting)西上”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案《昏(hun)礼(li)》云(yun)“参(can)分(fen)庭(ting)(ting)一在南(nan)”,又《聘礼(li)》云(yun)“庭(ting)(ting)实(shi),皮(pi)则摄之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,注云(yun):“参(can)分(fen)庭(ting)(ting),一在南(nan)。”又米筥“设(she)于中(zhong)(zhong)庭(ting)(ting)”,郑(zheng)注云(yun):“言当中(zhong)(zhong)庭(ting)(ting)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),南(nan)北之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)(ye)。”则此云(yun)中(zhong)(zhong)庭(ting)(ting),亦是南(nan)北之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)。不(bu)(bu)参(can)分(fen)庭(ting)(ting)一在南(nan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)三(san)享同(tong)陈,须入庭(ting)(ting)深设(she)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)故也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“卓,读如卓王(wang)孙(sun)(sun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卓,卓犹(you)的也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)音字(zi)既同(tong),而(er)读从之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。卓王(wang)孙(sun)(sun),是司马(ma)相(xiang)如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)妻文君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)父也(ye)(ye)。於(wu)十马(ma)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内以(yi)素(su)的一马(ma)以(yi)为(wei)上,故训卓为(wei)的也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“书其(qi)(qi)国名,后(hou)当识其(qi)(qi)何产也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓若晋有(you)(you)郑(zheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)小驷,复有(you)(you)屈(qu)产之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)类是也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“马(ma)必十匹(pi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)敢斥王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)乘,用成(cheng)数,敬也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此为(wei)庭(ting)(ting)实(shi),故用十匹(pi)。案《康王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诰》二(er)伯率诸侯而(er)入,皆(jie)布乘黄朱,而(er)陈四匹(pi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼据二(er)王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),以(yi)国所有(you)(you)享新王(wang)。享物陈於(wu)庭(ting)(ting),用圭,以(yi)马(ma)致(zhi)享,马(ma)不(bu)(bu)得上堂,亦陈於(wu)庭(ting)(ting),直以(yi)圭升堂致(zhi)命,乘马(ma)若乘皮(pi),故以(yi)四为(wei)礼(li)。非所享之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)物,故用四马(ma),与此异也(ye)(ye)。
摈者(zhe)曰:“予一人将(jiang)受之。”亦言王(wang)欲(yu)亲受之。
[疏]“摈者”至“受之”。
○注“亦言”至“受之”。
○释曰:云(yun)“亦言王(wang)欲亲受(shou)之”者,亦上亲受(shou)之也。
侯氏(shi)升致命。王(wang)抚玉(yu)。侯氏(shi)降(jiang)自(zi)西阶,东面授宰币,西阶前再拜稽首,以(yi)马(ma)出(chu),授人,九马(ma)随之(zhi)。王(wang)不受玉(yu),抚之(zhi)而已,轻财也(ye)。以(yi)马(ma)出(chu),随侯氏(shi)出(chu)授王(wang)人於外也(ye)。王(wang)不使人受马(ma)者,主(zhu)于(yu)享,王(wang)之(zhi)尊益(yi)君,侯氏(shi)之(zhi)卑益(yi)臣。
[疏]“侯氏”至“随之”。
○注“王不”至“益臣”。
○释曰:云(yun)(yun)(yun)“授(shou)宰币(bi)(bi)(bi)”,王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)既抚玉(yu)(yu),不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)币(bi)(bi)(bi),币(bi)(bi)(bi)即束帛加(jia)璧(bi),并(bing)玉(yu)(yu)言币(bi)(bi)(bi),故(gu)《小行人(ren)(ren)(ren)》合(he)六币(bi)(bi)(bi),皮马(ma)(ma)与玉(yu)(yu)皆(jie)为(wei)币(bi)(bi)(bi)。此单(dan)言宰,即大(da)宰,大(da)宰主(zhu)币(bi)(bi)(bi),故(gu)《周礼(li)·大(da)宰职》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)朝觐会同,赞玉(yu)(yu)币(bi)(bi)(bi)、玉(yu)(yu)献(xian)、玉(yu)(yu)几、玉(yu)(yu)爵。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)“助王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)受(shou)(shou)此四者”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou)玉(yu)(yu),抚之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)(er)已,轻财也(ye)(ye)”者,案《聘(pin)义》,圭(gui)璋(zhang)还之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)重(zhong)礼(li),璧(bi)琮不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)还为(wei)轻财。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)圭(gui)璋(zhang)亲(qin)受(shou)(shou),璧(bi)琮初即不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)受(shou)(shou),为(wei)轻财故(gu)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“以(yi)(yi)马(ma)(ma)出,随侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏出授(shou)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)於(wu)外也(ye)(ye)”者,谓(wei)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏牵(qian)马(ma)(ma)而(er)(er)出,马(ma)(ma)随侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后出,授(shou)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)人(ren)(ren)(ren)於(wu)外也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊益(yi)(yi)君,侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卑益(yi)(yi)臣”者,春(chun)夏受(shou)(shou)贽於(wu)朝,虽(sui)无(wu)迎法,王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)犹(you)在朝。至(zhi)受(shou)(shou)享又迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),而(er)(er)称(cheng)宾(bin)主(zhu),至(zhi)觐礼(li)受(shou)(shou)享,皆(jie)无(wu)迎法,不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)下堂而(er)(er)见(jian)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),已是(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)尊为(wei)君礼(li),臣卑为(wei)臣礼(li)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)犹(you)亲(qin)受(shou)(shou)其(qi)玉(yu)(yu),今至(zhi)于三享,贡(gong)国所有(you),行供奉(feng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节,故(gu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)自执其(qi)马(ma)(ma),王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)庭(ting)者,是(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)尊益(yi)(yi)君,侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)氏之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)卑益(yi)(yi)臣故(gu)也(ye)(ye)。《聘(pin)礼(li)》享用皮,及(ji)宾(bin)私觌,马(ma)(ma)皆(jie)使(shi)(shi)(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)受(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者,见(jian)他国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)臣人(ren)(ren)(ren)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)臣,故(gu)与此异也(ye)(ye)。若然,《聘(pin)礼(li)》享君,尚有(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)问卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)(fu);此诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)觐天子(zi),享天子(zi)讫,亦当(dang)有(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)问公卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)(fu),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)隐七年《左氏传》云(yun)(yun)(yun)“初,戎朝于周,发币(bi)(bi)(bi)于公卿(qing),而(er)(er)凡(fan)伯不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)宾(bin)”,服注云(yun)(yun)(yun):“戎以(yi)(yi)朝礼(li),及(ji)公卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)发陈(chen)其(qi)币(bi)(bi)(bi)。”凡(fan)伯以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)为(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang),卿(qing)士不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)修(xiu)宾(bin)主(zhu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li),敬报(bao)於(wu)戎。是(shi)以(yi)(yi)冬天王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)使(shi)(shi)(shi)凡(fan)伯来聘(pin),还戎,伐(fa)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)楚丘(qiu)以(yi)(yi)归(gui),是(shi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)朝天子(zi),亦有(you)聘(pin)及(ji)公卿(qing)大(da)夫(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事也(ye)(ye)。
事毕。三享讫。
乃右(you)肉袒于庙门之(zhi)东(dong)。乃人门右(you),北(bei)面立,告(gao)听(ting)事(shi)。右(you)肉袒者(zhe)(zhe),刑宜施於(wu)右(you)也。凡以(yi)礼事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)左袒,入更(geng)从右(you)者(zhe)(zhe),臣益(yi)纯也。告(gao)听(ting)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe),告(gao)王以(yi)国所用为罪(zui)之(zhi)事(shi)也。《易》曰:折其右(you)肱,无咎。
[疏]“乃右”至“听事”。
○注“右肉”至“无咎”。
○释曰(yue):自(zi)此尽“降出”,论(lun)侯氏受刑,王(wang)(wang)免(mian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)降出之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。刑袒(tan)(tan)於(wu)右(you)(you)者(zhe),右(you)(you)是用(yong)事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)便(bian),又(you)是阴,阴主(zhu)刑,以(yi)不(bu)能(neng)用(yong)事(shi)(shi),故刑袒(tan)(tan)於(wu)右(you)(you)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“凡以(yi)礼(li)事(shi)(shi)者(zhe)左袒(tan)(tan)”,左袒(tan)(tan)者(zhe),无(wu)(wu)(wu)问吉凶礼(li),皆袒(tan)(tan)左。知(zhi)者(zhe),《士丧礼(li)》云(yun)(yun):“主(zhu)人出南面,左袒(tan)(tan),扱诸面之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)右(you)(you)。”《檀弓》云(yun)(yun):廷陵季子葬(zang)其(qi)子於(wu)嬴、博之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閒,葬(zang)讫(qi),左袒(tan)(tan)。故云(yun)(yun)“凡”以(yi)该之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。引“《易》曰(yue)折其(qi)右(you)(you)肱无(wu)(wu)(wu)咎”者(zhe),案(an)《易·丰卦(gua)》九三云(yun)(yun)“折其(qi)右(you)(you)肱,无(wu)(wu)(wu)咎”,凡卦(gua)爻,二至四(si),三至五,两(liang)体(ti)交(jiao)互,各成一(yi)卦(gua),先儒(ru)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)互体(ti),故郑随其(qi)义而注云(yun)(yun):三,艮(gen)爻,艮(gen)为手,互体(ti)为巽(xun)。巽(xun)又(you)为进退,手而便(bian)於(wu)进退,右(you)(you)肱也(ye)(ye),犹大臣(chen)用(yong)事(shi)(shi)於(wu)君,君能(neng)诛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故无(wu)(wu)(wu)咎。引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe),证(zheng)刑理宜(yi)於(wu)右(you)(you)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义。云(yun)(yun)“告(gao)听事(shi)(shi)者(zhe)”,告(gao)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)国所用(yong)为罪(zui)(zui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe),加(jia)得(de)字解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),当云(yun)(yun)“告(gao)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)国所用(yong)为者(zhe)得(de)非(fei)罪(zui)(zui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)”也(ye)(ye)。正(zheng)是罪(zui)(zui)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)辞,解拟受刑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意,又(you)解云(yun)(yun)告(gao)王(wang)(wang)以(yi)己无(wu)(wu)(wu)罪(zui)(zui),引下文“伯父无(wu)(wu)(wu)事(shi)(shi)”,解之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)辞之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)甚也(ye)(ye)。
摈者(zhe)谒诸(zhu)天子(zi)(zi)。天子(zi)(zi)辞於侯氏,曰:“伯(bo)父无事,归宁(ning)乃(nai)邦。”谒,告。宁(ning),安(an)也(ye)(ye)。乃(nai)犹(you)女(nv)也(ye)(ye)。侯氏再拜(bai)稽(ji)首,出,自屏(ping)南適门西(xi),遂入门左,北(bei)面立,王劳(lao)之(zhi)。再拜(bai)稽(ji)首。摈者(zhe)延之(zhi)曰:“升(sheng)。”升(sheng)成拜(bai),降出。王辞之(zhi),不(bu)即左者(zhe),当出隐於屏(ping)而袭(xi)之(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。天子(zi)(zi)外(wai)屏(ping),劳(lao)之(zhi),劳(lao)其道(dao)劳(lao)也(ye)(ye)。
[疏]“侯氏”至“降出”。
○注“王辞”至“劳也”。
○释(shi)曰(yue):云(yun)“当出隐(yin)於屏(ping)而(er)袭之(zhi)也”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)屏(ping)外(wai)(wai)不见天(tian)子为隐(yin)。向者(zhe)右袒,今王辞以(yi)(yi)无事,故宜袭也。云(yun)“天(tian)子外(wai)(wai)屏(ping)”者(zhe),据此(ci)文出门(men)乃(nai)云(yun)屏(ping)南,即是外(wai)(wai)屏(ping)。云(yun)天(tian)子外(wai)(wai)屏(ping),取《礼(li)纬(wei)(wei)》之(zhi)文,故《礼(li)纬(wei)(wei)》云(yun):“天(tian)子外(wai)(wai)屏(ping),诸侯内屏(ping),大(da)夫以(yi)(yi)帘(lian),士以(yi)(yi)帷”是也。
天子赐侯(hou)氏(shi)以车服。迎于(yu)(yu)外门(men)外,再拜(bai)。赐车者(zhe),同姓(xing)以金路,异姓(xing)以象路。服则衮也,鷩也,毳(cui)也。古(gu)文曰:迎于(yu)(yu)门(men)外也。
[疏]“天子”至“再拜”。
○注“赐车”至“外也”。
○释曰(yue):自此尽(jin)“亦如之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,论王(wang)使人赐(ci)侯(hou)氏车服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。云(yun)“同姓(xing)金(jin)(jin)(jin)路(lu)(lu),异姓(xing)象路(lu)(lu)”,案(an)(an)《周礼(li)·巾车》“掌五路(lu)(lu)”,自玉(yu)路(lu)(lu)至(zhi)木(mu)路(lu)(lu),玉(yu)路(lu)(lu)以(yi)祀,尊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),不赐(ci)诸侯(hou)。金(jin)(jin)(jin)路(lu)(lu)云(yun)“同姓(xing)以(yi)封(feng)”,象路(lu)(lu)云(yun)“异姓(xing)以(yi)封(feng)”,革路(lu)(lu)云(yun)“以(yi)封(feng)四卫”,木(mu)路(lu)(lu)云(yun)“以(yi)封(feng)蕃(fan)国(guo)”。郑(zheng)云(yun):同姓(xing)“谓王(wang)子(zi)(zi)母弟,率(lv)以(yi)功(gong)德出封(feng),虽为侯(hou)伯,其画服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)犹如上(shang)公(gong)”。赐(ci)鲁侯(hou),郑(zheng)伯服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)衮(gun)冕,得乘(cheng)(cheng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)路(lu)(lu),以(yi)下(xia)(xia)与上(shang)公(gong)同,则(ze)大公(gong)与杞宋虽异姓(xing),服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)衮(gun)冕,乘(cheng)(cheng)金(jin)(jin)(jin)路(lu)(lu)矣。异姓(xing)谓舅甥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo),与王(wang)有(you)亲者(zhe),得乘(cheng)(cheng)象路(lu)(lu)。异姓(xing)侯(hou)伯,同姓(xing)子(zi)(zi)男,皆(jie)乘(cheng)(cheng)象路(lu)(lu)。以(yi)下(xia)(xia)四卫,谓要服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)内(nei),庶姓(xing)与王(wang)无亲者(zhe),自侯(hou)伯子(zi)(zi)男,皆(jie)乘(cheng)(cheng)革路(lu)(lu)。以(yi)下(xia)(xia)蕃(fan)国(guo),据外为总名(ming),皆(jie)乘(cheng)(cheng)木(mu)路(lu)(lu)而已。郑(zheng)直言(yan)金(jin)(jin)(jin)路(lu)(lu)、象路(lu)(lu)者(zhe),略之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)则(ze)衮(gun)也(ye)(ye),鷩也(ye)(ye),毳(cui)也(ye)(ye)”,据《司服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》而言(yan)。案(an)(an)《司服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)》上(shang)陈王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吉服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)九,下(xia)(xia)云(yun)公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),自衮(gun)冕而下(xia)(xia),如王(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu);侯(hou)伯自鷩冕而下(xia)(xia),如公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu);于男自毳(cui)冕而下(xia)(xia),如侯(hou)伯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)服(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)(ye)。
路先设,西上(shang),路下四,亚(ya)之(zhi)。重(zhong)赐无数,在车南。路谓(wei)车也(ye)(ye)。凡(fan)君所乘车曰路。路下四,谓(wei)乘马也(ye)(ye)。亚(ya)之(zhi),次(ci)车而东也(ye)(ye)。《诗》云:“君子来朝,何锡(xi)予(yu)(yu)之(zhi)?虽无予(yu)(yu)之(zhi),路车乘马。又何予(yu)(yu)之(zhi)?玄衮及黼。”重(zhong)犹(you)善也(ye)(ye)。所加(jia)赐善物(wu)。多少由恩(en)也(ye)(ye)。《春(chun)秋传》曰:“重(zhong)锦三十(shi)两(liang)。”
[疏]“路先”至“车南”。
○注“路谓”至“十两”。
○释曰(yue):云(yun)(yun)“凡君(jun)乘(cheng)车曰(yue)路(lu)”者(zhe),郑注(zhu)《周(zhou)礼(li)》云(yun)(yun):“路(lu),大也(ye)。”君(jun)之居以大为名,是以云(yun)(yun)路(lu)寝、路(lu)门(men)之等。引《春秋(qiu)》者(zhe),闵(min)二(er)年《左氏传》云(yun)(yun):“狄人(ren)伐卫(wei)”,又云(yun)(yun)“及狄人(ren)战于荧泽,卫(wei)师败(bai)绩(ji),遂灭卫(wei)。夜与国人(ren)出,狄入卫(wei),遂从之,又败(bai)诸河(he)。宋桓公(gong)逆(ni)诸河(he),宵济(ji),立戴公(gong)以庐於曹(cao),齐侯使公(gong)子无(wu)亏(kui)帅车三百乘(cheng)、甲士(shi)三千(qian)人(ren)以戍曹(cao),归公(gong)乘(cheng)马,祭服五称,牛、羊、豕、鸡、狗皆三百与门(men)材,归夫(fu)人(ren)鱼轩,重(zhong)(zhong)锦三十两”。郑引之,证重(zhong)(zhong)赐无(wu)数,在(zai)车南也(ye)。
诸公奉箧服,加命(ming)书于其上,升(sheng)自西(xi)阶(jie),东面,大史是(shi)右(you)(you)。言诸公者,王(wang)同时分命(ming)之而使赐侯(hou)氏(shi)也(ye)。右(you)(you)读如“周公右(you)(you)王(wang)”之右(you)(you)。是(shi)右(you)(you)者,始(shi)随入,於升(sheng)东面,乃(nai)居其右(you)(you)。古文是(shi)为氏(shi)也(ye)。
[疏]“诸公”至“是右”。
○注“言诸”至“氏也”。
○释曰:云“言诸(zhu)公(gong)(gong)者(zhe),王同时分命(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)而(er)使赐侯氏也(ye)”者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)言“诸(zhu)”,非一之(zhi)(zhi)义,以(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)侯来觐(jin)者(zhe),众(zhong)各停一馆,故(gu)命(ming)诸(zhu)公(gong)(gong)分往(wang)赐之(zhi)(zhi)。云“右(you)读如周公(gong)(gong)右(you)王之(zhi)(zhi)右(you)”者(zhe),案襄公(gong)(gong)二十(shi)一年《左(zuo)氏传》,晋栾盈出奔(ben)楚,范宣(xuan)(xuan)子杀羊舌虎(hu),囚伯(bo)华。於(wu)是(shi)(shi),祁(qi)(qi)奚老矣,闻之(zhi)(zhi),乘驲而(er)见宣(xuan)(xuan)子,祁(qi)(qi)奚曰:“夫谋(mou)而(er)鲜(xian)过,惠训不(bu)倦者(zhe),叔向(xiang)有焉,社(she)稷(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)固也(ye)。犹将十(shi)世宥之(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)劝能者(zhe)。今壹不(bu)免其(qi)(qi)身,以(yi)(yi)弃社(she)稷(ji),不(bu)亦惑乎?鲧殛而(er)禹(yu)兴,伊(yi)尹放太甲而(er)相之(zhi)(zhi),而(er)卒无(wu)怨色。管(guan)、蔡为戮,周公(gong)(gong)右(you)王。若之(zhi)(zhi)何(he)其(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)虎(hu)也(ye)弃社(she)稷(ji)?”郑(zheng)引(yin)此者(zhe),证大史(shi)是(shi)(shi)右(you),是(shi)(shi)佐(zuo)公(gong)(gong),而(er)在公(gong)(gong)右(you)之(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)。云“是(shi)(shi)右(you)者(zhe),始随入,於(wu)升东面,乃居(ju)其(qi)(qi)右(you)”者(zhe),大史(shi)卑(bei),明始时随公(gong)(gong)后,升讫,公(gong)(gong)东面,大史(shi)乃居(ju)其(qi)(qi)右(you),故(gu)云是(shi)(shi)右(you),谓於(wu)是(shi)(shi)乃居(ju)公(gong)(gong)右(you)而(er)并东面。知(zhi)并立者(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)在公(gong)(gong)右(you),宣(xuan)(xuan)王命(ming)故(gu)也(ye)。
侯(hou)氏升,西面(mian)立。大史述命(ming)。读王命(ming)书也(ye)。侯(hou)氏降两阶之(zhi)閒,北面(mian)再(zai)拜(bai)稽首。受命(ming)。升成拜(bai)。大史辞之(zhi)降也(ye)。《春(chun)秋传》曰:且有后(hou)命(ming),以伯舅耋(die)老(lao),毋下拜(bai)。此辞之(zhi)类(lei)。
[疏]“升成拜”。
○注“大史”至“之类”。
○释(shi)曰(yue):引(yin)(yin)《春秋(qiu)》者,僖九年《经》:夏,公会(hui)宰(zai)周(zhou)公、齐侯(hou)、宋子(zi)、卫侯(hou)之(zhi)等于(yu)葵丘。《传》云:“王使宰(zai)孔赐齐侯(hou)胙(zuo),曰(yue):天子(zi)有(you)事(shi)于(yu)文(wen)、武,使孔赐伯舅(jiu)胙(zuo)。齐侯(hou)将下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai),孔曰(yue):且(qie)有(you)后(hou)命,天子(zi)使孔曰(yue),以伯舅(jiu)耋老(lao),加(jia)劳,赐一级(ji),无下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai)。对曰(yue):天威不(bu)违颜咫尺,小白余(yu)敢贪天子(zi)之(zhi)命,无下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai),恐陨越于(yu)下(xia)(xia)(xia),以遗天子(zi)羞,敢不(bu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai)?下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai),登(deng)受(shou)。”郑引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)者,证(zheng)此大史述(shu)王辞(ci),侯(hou)氏下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai)亦如此。故(gu)郑云“此辞(ci)之(zhi)类”也。但彼(bi)以齐侯(hou)年老(lao),故(gu)未降已辞(ci)。此下(xia)(xia)(xia)拜(bai)礼也,故(gu)降拜(bai)乃辞(ci)之(zhi)。彼(bi)齐侯(hou)不(bu)升(sheng)成拜(bai)者,亦以年老(lao)故(gu)也。
大(da)史加书于服上(shang),侯氏受。受箧服。使者(zhe)出。侯氏送,再拜(bai),傧使者(zhe),诸公赐(ci)服者(zhe),束帛、四(si)马(ma),傧大(da)史亦如之。既云拜(bai)送,乃言傧使者(zhe),以(yi)劳有成礼,略而遂(sui)言。
[疏]“使者”至“如之”。
○注“既云”至“遂言”。
○释曰:云“既云拜送,乃(nai)言傧(bin)使(shi)者,以(yi)(yi)劳有成礼(li)(li)(li),略而遂言”者,经云“侯氏送再(zai)拜”者,事势宜终,故连言之(zhi)。其实傧(bin)使(shi)者在拜送前,必以(yi)(yi)之(zhi)傧(bin)后(hou)略言者,以(yi)(yi)傧(bin)有成礼(li)(li)(li)可(ke)依(yi),故后(hou)略言。案(an)上篇以(yi)(yi)来,每(mei)有傧(bin)礼(li)(li)(li),皆是(shi)成篇之(zhi)法,是(shi)成礼(li)(li)(li)也。
同姓大国,则(ze)曰“伯(bo)父(fu)”,其(qi)异姓,则(ze)曰“伯(bo)舅”。同姓小(xiao)邦,则(ze)曰“叔父(fu)”,其(qi)异姓小(xiao)邦,则(ze)曰“叔舅”。据此(ci)礼云(yun)伯(bo)父(fu),同姓大邦而言。
[疏]“同姓”至“叔舅”。
○注“据此”至“而言”。
○释曰:案《周礼(li)·冢宰职》云(yun)(yun)(yun):“掌建邦之(zhi)(zhi)六典,以佐王治邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。”注云(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)(da)(da)曰邦,小(xiao)曰国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。邦之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)居,亦曰国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)”者,彼经或(huo)邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)连言(yan),或(huo)单言(yan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。则(ze)邦国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)连言(yan)据(ju)诸侯,单言(yan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)据(ju)王。以邦在(zai)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)上,故云(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)(da)(da)曰邦,小(xiao)曰国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。唯王建国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)是(shi)(shi)邦之(zhi)(zhi)所(suo)居,亦曰国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。彼对(dui)文(wen)(wen)则(ze)例(li),散文(wen)(wen)则(ze)通(tong),故此大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)言(yan)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),小(xiao)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)言(yan)邦也。郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“据(ju)此礼(li)云(yun)(yun)(yun)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)邦而(er)言(yan)”者,郑(zheng)(zheng)欲解称(cheng)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)、叔父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不要(yao)同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)为定之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)据(ju)此云(yun)(yun)(yun)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)者,即上文(wen)(wen)云(yun)(yun)(yun)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),此文(wen)(wen)即云(yun)(yun)(yun)“同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)则(ze)曰伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”,是(shi)(shi)以云(yun)(yun)(yun)据(ju)此礼(li)云(yun)(yun)(yun)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)邦而(er)言(yan)。若也据(ju)文(wen)(wen),则(ze)不要(yao)同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)与大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),案下《曲(qu)礼(li)》东西二伯(bo)(bo),不问同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)异姓(xing)(xing),皆称(cheng)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),州牧而(er)称(cheng)叔父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun):“牧尊於大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)而(er)谓之(zhi)(zhi)叔父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu),辟二伯(bo)(bo),亦以此为尊”是(shi)(shi)也。又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“同(tong)姓(xing)(xing)大(da)(da)(da)(da)国(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo),则(ze)曰伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)”者,唯据(ju)此礼(li)而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)伯(bo)(bo)父(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而(er)言(yan),不据(ju)他文(wen)(wen),故郑(zheng)(zheng)此注决为不定之(zhi)(zhi)意(yi)。
飨(xiang)礼,乃归。礼,谓食燕也(ye)。王或不(bu)亲以其礼币致之,略(lve)言飨(xiang)礼,互(hu)文(wen)也(ye)。《掌客职》曰:上公(gong)三(san)飨(xiang)三(san)食三(san)燕,侯伯再飨(xiang)再食再燕,子男一(yi)飨(xiang)一(yi)食一(yi)燕。
[疏]“飨礼乃归”。
○注“礼谓”至“一燕”。
○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),谓食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)”者,案《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》及(ji)诸(zhu)文,言(yan)飨(xiang)(xiang)皆(jie)单云(yun)飨(xiang)(xiang),无(wu)云(yun)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。郑(zheng)(zheng)所(suo)引《掌客(ke)(ke)》五等,飨(xiang)(xiang)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)三(san)(san)者具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you),今飨(xiang)(xiang)下有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)以(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)为食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“王(wang)(wang)或不(bu)亲(qin)以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)言(yan)此者,欲解(jie)经变(bian)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)而言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),见王(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)不(bu)亲(qin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),则(ze)以(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。云(yun)“略言(yan)飨(xiang)(xiang)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),互(hu)文”者,直言(yan)飨(xiang)(xiang),见王(wang)(wang)无(wu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)亲(qin)飨(xiang)(xiang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),若(ruo)(ruo)王(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),亦(yi)以(yi)侑(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),见王(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),以(yi)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦(yi)宜有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)无(wu)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),亲(qin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)互(hu)文也(ye)(ye)。引《掌客(ke)(ke)》者,见五等诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)飨(xiang)(xiang)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)皆(jie)具有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you),证(zheng)经之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)此文为互(hu),则(ze)飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)酬(chou)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)、侑(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),是以(yi)《掌客(ke)(ke)职》“三(san)(san)飨(xiang)(xiang)三(san)(san)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)三(san)(san)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)”云(yun)云(yun),即云(yun)“若(ruo)(ruo)弗酌(zhuo),则(ze)以(yi)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)注云(yun):“若(ruo)(ruo)弗酌(zhuo),谓君(jun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu),不(bu)亲(qin)飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)。”彼是诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)自相待(dai)法,此郑(zheng)(zheng)引之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),证(zheng)经天(tian)(tian)子待(dai)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)法,则(ze)天(tian)(tian)子待(dai)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)三(san)(san)者皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)可知(zhi)(zhi)。案《掌客(ke)(ke)》云(yun):王(wang)(wang)巡(xun)守,“从者三(san)(san)公视(shi)上公之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),卿视(shi)侯(hou)(hou)伯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),大(da)夫(fu)视(shi)子男之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”,则(ze)天(tian)(tian)子使(shi)公卿大(da)夫(fu)存覜省至诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo)(guo),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)与之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)飨(xiang)(xiang)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),与诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)可知(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)大(da)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孤(gu)聘(pin)於天(tian)(tian)子及(ji)邻国(guo)(guo),其(qi)(qi)(qi)飨(xiang)(xiang)、食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)侑(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)、酬(chou)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),亦(yi)与子男同(tong)(tong)。故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)《大(da)行(xing)人(ren)》云(yun):“凡大(da)国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孤(gu),执皮(pi)帛以(yi)继小国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun),出入三(san)(san)积,不(bu)问一(yi)劳。”又(you)云(yun)“其(qi)(qi)(qi)他皆(jie)视(shi)小国(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)君(jun)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)注云(yun):“他谓贰车(che)及(ji)介牢礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),宾(bin)主之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閒,摈(bin)者将币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),祼酢飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)数(shu)(shu)。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)也(ye)(ye)。案《聘(pin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》云(yun):“若(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)亲(qin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),使(shi)大(da)夫(fu)各以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)爵(jue)朝(chao)服致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)侑(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)如(ru)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)饔,无(wu)傧。致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)飨(xiang)(xiang)以(yi)酬(chou)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),亦(yi)如(ru)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”是亲(qin)飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)可知(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)云(yun)“燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)与俶献无(wu)常数(shu)(shu)”,又(you)不(bu)言(yan)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)以(yi)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi),则(ze)无(wu)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),亲(qin)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)亦(yi)无(wu)酬(chou)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。《鹿鸣》序(xu)云(yun):“燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)嘉(jia)宾(bin)也(ye)(ye),既饮(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),又(you)实币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)帛筐(kuang)篚,以(yi)将其(qi)(qi)(qi)厚意(yi)。”则(ze)饮(yin)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)据飨(xiang)(xiang)食(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)。若(ruo)(ruo)然,发首云(yun)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)群臣(chen)嘉(jia)宾(bin)者,文王(wang)(wang)於群臣(chen)嘉(jia)宾(bin)恩厚,燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)无(wu)数(shu)(shu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)先言(yan)其(qi)(qi)(qi)实无(wu)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)也(ye)(ye)。若(ruo)(ruo)然,天(tian)(tian)子燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)已臣(chen)及(ji)四(si)方卿大(da)夫(fu),诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)己(ji)臣(chen)及(ji)四(si)方卿大(da)夫(fu),皆(jie)无(wu)酬(chou)币(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)也(ye)(ye)。
诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)觐(jin)于天子(zi),为(wei)宫(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)三百步,四(si)(si)门,坛(tan)十(shi)有二(er)寻(xun)(xun),深(shen)四(si)(si)尺(chi),加方(fang)(fang)明于其(qi)上(shang)。四(si)(si)时朝觐(jin)受之於(wu)庙(miao),此(ci)(ci)谓(wei)时会(hui)殷同也。宫(gong)(gong),谓(wei)壝土为(wei)埒,以象(xiang)墙壁也。为(wei)宫(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe),於(wu)国(guo)外,春会(hui)同则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)东(dong)方(fang)(fang),夏会(hui)同则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)南方(fang)(fang),秋会(hui)同则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)西(xi)方(fang)(fang),冬会(hui)同则(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)北(bei)方(fang)(fang)。八(ba)尺(chi)曰寻(xun)(xun),十(shi)有二(er)寻(xun)(xun)则(ze)(ze)(ze)方(fang)(fang)九十(shi)六尺(chi)也。深(shen)谓(wei)高也,从上(shang)曰深(shen)。《司仪(yi)职》曰:“为(wei)坛(tan)三成。”成犹重也。三重者(zhe)(zhe),自下差之为(wei)三等(deng),而上(shang)有堂焉(yan)。堂上(shang)方(fang)(fang)二(er)丈四(si)(si)尺(chi),上(shang)等(deng)、中等(deng)、下等(deng),每面十(shi)二(er)尺(chi)。方(fang)(fang)明者(zhe)(zhe),上(shang)下四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)神(shen)(shen)明之象(xiang)也。上(shang)下四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)之神(shen)(shen)者(zhe)(zhe),所谓(wei)神(shen)(shen)明也。会(hui)同而盟,明神(shen)(shen)监(jian)之,则(ze)(ze)(ze)谓(wei)之天之司盟,有象(xiang)者(zhe)(zhe),犹宗庙(miao)之有主乎?王(wang)巡守(shou),至于方(fang)(fang)岳之下,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)会(hui)之,亦为(wei)此(ci)(ci)宫(gong)(gong)以见之。《司仪(yi)职》曰“将会(hui)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou),则(ze)(ze)(ze)命为(wei)坛(tan)三成,宫(gong)(gong)旁一(yi)门,诏王(wang)仪(yi),南乡见诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)”也。
[疏]“诸侯”至“其上”。
○注“四时”至“侯也”。
○释(shi)曰(yue)(yue):自(zi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)尽“四(si)(si)传傧”,论会同(tong)(tong)(tong)王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)见(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)受(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《曲礼(li)(li)下(xia)(xia)(xia)》经(jing)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)春夏朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)宗(zong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)不(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)皆在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)宗(zong)虽在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),受(shou)享(xiang)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),故并言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)谓(wei)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会殷(yin)同(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)职(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“将合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)令(ling)(ling)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)三成”,与(yu)(yu)(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)合(he)(he)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye),故知(zhi)(zhi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)见(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)谓(wei)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会殷(yin)同(tong)(tong)(tong)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)《大宗(zong)伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)会,殷(yin)见(jian)(jian)曰(yue)(yue)同(tong)(tong)(tong)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)见(jian)(jian)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)无(wu)(wu)常期。诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)顺(shun)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)将有(you)(you)(you)(you)征(zheng)讨之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)既(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),王(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai),合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)命事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)焉(yan)(yan)。《春秋(qiu)传》曰(yue)(yue)‘有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)会,不(bu)(bu)协(xie)而(er)(er)(er)(er)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)’是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。殷(yin)犹(you)众也(ye)(ye)(ye)。十(shi)二(er)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)王(wang)(wang)(wang)如不(bu)(bu)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)六(liu)服(fu)(fu)尽朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)礼(li)(li)既(ji)毕,王(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan),合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)以(yi)命政焉(yan)(yan)。所(suo)(suo)命之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)政,如王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)殷(yin)见(jian)(jian)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)。四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分来,终岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)遍。”若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)注(zhu),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会殷(yin)同(tong)(tong)(tong),亦(yi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),而(er)(er)(er)(er)独(du)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)四(si)(si)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)《周礼(li)(li)·大行人(ren)》诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)依(yi)服(fu)(fu)数来朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)、时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会无(wu)(wu)常期。假(jia)令(ling)(ling)当(dang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)顺(shun)服(fu)(fu),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)顺(shun)服(fu)(fu)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)皆来朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)王(wang)(wang)(wang),其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)(you)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),复有(you)(you)(you)(you)不(bu)(bu)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自(zi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)不(bu)(bu)当(dang)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),当(dang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)十(shi)二(er)年王(wang)(wang)(wang)不(bu)(bu)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)殷(yin)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),亦(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)既(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),乃(nai)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)六(liu)服(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei),若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)以(yi)当(dang)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),即在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)依(yi)服(fu)(fu)数,十(shi)二(er)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)合(he)(he)有(you)(you)(you)(you)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)服(fu)(fu)。年年朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin),其(qi)(qi)(qi)五服(fu)(fu)自(zi)甸男采卫要五服(fu)(fu)。若(ruo)(ruo)(ruo)以(yi)十(shi)二(er)岁(sui)(sui)(sui)(sui)王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou),总合(he)(he)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)服(fu)(fu),不(bu)(bu)得独(du)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)庙(miao)(miao)(miao),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao),故郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)会同(tong)(tong)(tong)皆言(yan)(yan)既(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)觐(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)乃(nai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仪(yi)(yi)未在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)坛(tan)(tan)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)而(er)(er)(er)(er)先言(yan)(yan)帅诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)拜日,亦(yi)谓(wei)帅已(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai),春会同(tong)(tong)(tong)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)”,云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),经(jing)直言(yan)(yan)“为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)知(zhi)(zhi)逐四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“将合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)令(ling)(ling)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)三成”,郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),谓(wei)有(you)(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)会也(ye)(ye)(ye)。为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)以(yi)命事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。”天子(zi)春帅诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)拜日於(wu)(wu)(wu)东郊,则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)东;夏礼(li)(li)日於(wu)(wu)(wu)南(nan)郊,则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)南(nan);秋(qiu)礼(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)川(chuan)丘(qiu)陵於(wu)(wu)(wu)西(xi)郊,则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)西(xi);冬(dong)礼(li)(li)月(yue)与(yu)(yu)(yu)四(si)(si)渎於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)郊,则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)北(bei)(bei)。既(ji)拜礼(li)(li)而(er)(er)(er)(er)还,加方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)上(shang)(shang)而(er)(er)(er)(er)祀焉(yan)(yan)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)引(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文,下(xia)(xia)(xia)及(ji)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)仪(yi)(yi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan),故知(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)皆依(yi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但(dan)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)坛(tan)(tan),并宜在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)四(si)(si)郊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)拜日之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng),於(wu)(wu)(wu)近郊退来就坛(tan)(tan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)坛(tan)(tan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)近郊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)内(nei)。但(dan)去城不(bu)(bu)知(zhi)(zhi)远近,或四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)皆依(yi)成数,东方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)八(ba)里(li),南(nan)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)七里(li),西(xi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)九(jiu)里(li),北(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)六(liu)里(li)。四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)其(qi)(qi)(qi)定分。案(an)《职(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)》王(wang)(wang)(wang)会同(tong)(tong)(tong)或出畿(ji)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)国(guo),故《职(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)氏》令(ling)(ling)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)共待之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)无(wu)(wu)常数。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“八(ba)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)曰(yue)(yue)寻(xun)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),依(yi)《考工记》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“殳长(zhang)寻(xun)有(you)(you)(you)(you)四(si)(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)”,从轸(zhen)差之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),知(zhi)(zhi)寻(xun)长(zhang)八(ba)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“三重者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),自(zi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)差之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)三等(deng)(deng),而(er)(er)(er)(er)上(shang)(shang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)焉(yan)(yan)。堂(tang)(tang)(tang)上(shang)(shang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)二(er)丈四(si)(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),上(shang)(shang)等(deng)(deng)、中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)、下(xia)(xia)(xia)等(deng)(deng),每面十(shi)二(er)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)基九(jiu)十(shi)六(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)三等(deng)(deng),每等(deng)(deng)两相(xiang)各丈二(er)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),共二(er)丈四(si)(si)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),三等(deng)(deng)总七丈二(er)尺(chi)(chi)(chi),通堂(tang)(tang)(tang)上(shang)(shang)二(er)丈四(si)(si),合(he)(he)九(jiu)丈六(liu)尺(chi)(chi)(chi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)神(shen)(shen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),谓(wei)合(he)(he)木为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang),故名方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)神(shen)(shen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)象,故名明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)乐(le)解得名方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所(suo)(suo)谓(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),所(suo)(suo)谓(wei)《秋(qiu)官·司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)职(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“北(bei)(bei)面诏明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen),既(ji)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)贰(er)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)谓(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),有(you)(you)(you)(you)象”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《春秋(qiu)》襄十(shi)一(yi)年《经(jing)》书(shu)(shu):公(gong)会晋侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),宋公(gong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)(deng)伐(fa)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)人(ren)惧,行成。秋(qiu)七月(yue),同(tong)(tong)(tong)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)于亳(bo)。范宣子(zi)曰(yue)(yue):“不(bu)(bu)慎,必失诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)。”乃(nai)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),载书(shu)(shu)曰(yue)(yue):“凡我同(tong)(tong)(tong)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),毋蕴年,毋壅利,毋保奸,毋留慝,救灾患,恤祸乱(luan),同(tong)(tong)(tong)好恶,奖王(wang)(wang)(wang)室。或閒(xian)兹命,司(si)慎司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng),名山(shan)(shan)名川(chuan),明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen)殛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“二(er)司(si),天神(shen)(shen)。”司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)司(si)慎不(bu)(bu)敬者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)司(si)察明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“有(you)(you)(you)(you)象者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)犹(you)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)主(zhu)乎”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)木主(zhu),亦(yi)上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)犹(you)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)主(zhu)。无(wu)(wu)正文,约同(tong)(tong)(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“乎”以(yi)疑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。虽同(tong)(tong)(tong)四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),但(dan)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)主(zhu)止(zhi)一(yi)神(shen)(shen),而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)下(xia)(xia)(xia)文以(yi)六(liu)色为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)六(liu)神(shen)(shen),用(yong)六(liu)玉礼(li)(li)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),有(you)(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)别,但(dan)取四(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)同(tong)(tong)(tong)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)狩(shou)至於(wu)(wu)(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)岳(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)会之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)宫(gong)(gong)以(yi)见(jian)(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)下(xia)(xia)(xia)文“祭天燔(fan)柴,祭山(shan)(shan)丘(qiu)陵升,祭川(chuan)沈(shen)(shen),祭地瘗”。郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升沈(shen)(shen)必就祭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)谓(wei)王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)及(ji)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)(meng)祭也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)岳(yue),亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)宫(gong)(gong)可知(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)》注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)殷(yin)国(guo)而(er)(er)(er)(er)同(tong)(tong)(tong),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)其(qi)(qi)(qi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)亦(yi)如此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)与(yu)(yu)(yu)?”以(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)宫(gong)(gong)同(tong)(tong)(tong)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。案(an)《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“王(wang)(wang)(wang)合(he)(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou),令(ling)(ling)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宫(gong)(gong)。”据(ju)(ju)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou),据(ju)(ju)王(wang)(wang)(wang)就方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)岳(yue)殷(yin)国(guo)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)王(wang)(wang)(wang)有(you)(you)(you)(you)故不(bu)(bu)行,诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)同(tong)(tong)(tong)来,此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),其(qi)(qi)(qi)坛(tan)(tan)文约与(yu)(yu)(yu)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会同(tong)(tong)(tong),故云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“与(yu)(yu)(yu)”以(yi)疑(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)《大宗(zong)伯》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)殷(yin)同(tong)(tong)(tong),王(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)。亦(yi)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)会有(you)(you)(you)(you)文者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),彼此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)同(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)事(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),但(dan)文有(you)(you)(you)(you)详略。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文言(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),取《司(si)仪(yi)(yi)》以(yi)足之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“南(nan)乡见(jian)(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),王(wang)(wang)(wang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)堂(tang)(tang)(tang)上(shang)(shang),公(gong)於(wu)(wu)(wu)上(shang)(shang)等(deng)(deng),侯(hou)(hou)(hou)(hou)伯於(wu)(wu)(wu)中(zhong)等(deng)(deng),子(zi)男於(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia)(xia)等(deng)(deng),奠玉、拜皆升堂(tang)(tang)(tang),授玉乃(nai)降也(ye)(ye)(ye)。
方(fang)(fang)(fang)明者(zhe)(zhe),木也(ye),方(fang)(fang)(fang)四尺。设六(liu)色(se):东方(fang)(fang)(fang)青,南方(fang)(fang)(fang)赤,西方(fang)(fang)(fang)白,北方(fang)(fang)(fang)黑,上(shang)(shang)玄,下(xia)(xia)(xia)黄。设六(liu)玉:上(shang)(shang)圭(gui)(gui),下(xia)(xia)(xia)璧,南方(fang)(fang)(fang)璋,西方(fang)(fang)(fang)琥,北方(fang)(fang)(fang)璜,东方(fang)(fang)(fang)圭(gui)(gui)。六(liu)色(se)象(xiang)其神(shen),六(liu)玉以(yi)礼之。上(shang)(shang)宜以(yi)苍璧,下(xia)(xia)(xia)宜以(yi)黄琮(cong),而不以(yi)者(zhe)(zhe),则上(shang)(shang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)之神(shen),非天地之至贵者(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)。设玉者(zhe)(zhe),刻其木而著之。
[疏]“方明”至“方圭”。
○注“六色”至“著之”。
○释(shi)曰:云(yun)“上宜以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)苍璧,下(xia)宜以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)黄(huang)琮(cong)”者(zhe),案《大(da)(da)宗伯》云(yun):苍璧礼(li)(li)(li)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian),黄(huang)琮(cong)礼(li)(li)(li)地(di),青(qing)圭(gui)礼(li)(li)(li)东(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang),赤(chi)璋礼(li)(li)(li)南方(fang)(fang),白琥礼(li)(li)(li)西方(fang)(fang),玄璜(huang)礼(li)(li)(li)北(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)(fang)。据彼(bi)(bi)文(wen),上宜用(yong)苍璧,下(xia)宜用(yong)黄(huang)琮(cong),今於(wu)(wu)四(si)方(fang)(fang)还依《宗伯》,唯上不用(yong)璧,下(xia)不用(yong)琮(cong),故(gu)(gu)(gu)郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)“而(er)(er)不以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)者(zhe),则(ze)上下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至贵者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)”。案《宗伯》注(zhu):“此礼(li)(li)(li)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)冬至,谓(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)皇大(da)(da)帝(di)(di)在北(bei)(bei)(bei)极(ji)者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。礼(li)(li)(li)地(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夏至,谓(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)在昆(kun)仑者(zhe)也(ye)(ye)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)云(yun):非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵,其天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵,即昊天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)昆(kun)仑是也(ye)(ye)。既非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)贵,即日(ri)(ri)月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen),故(gu)(gu)(gu)下(xia)云(yun)“祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)燔柴(chai)”,“祭(ji)(ji)地(di)瘗”,郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu):“天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)谓(wei)(wei)日(ri)(ri)月(yue)也(ye)(ye)。”若然(ran),日(ri)(ri)月(yue)用(yong)圭(gui)璧者(zhe),《典瑞》云(yun)“圭(gui)璧以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)祀日(ri)(ri)月(yue)”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)圭(gui)璧也(ye)(ye)。四(si)方(fang)(fang)用(yong)圭(gui)璋之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),案《大(da)(da)宗伯》注(zhu)云(yun):礼(li)(li)(li)东(dong)(dong)方(fang)(fang)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)立春,谓(wei)(wei)苍精(jing)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)帝(di)(di)而(er)(er)大(da)(da)昊句芒(mang)食焉,馀三(san)方(fang)(fang)皆(jie)据天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)、人帝(di)(di)、人神(shen)(shen),则(ze)此亦(yi)(yi)非彼(bi)(bi)神(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其下(xia)文(wen)有(you)日(ri)(ri)、月(yue)、四(si)渎、山(shan)川、丘陵(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)迎拜(bai),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)明(ming)神(shen)(shen),故(gu)(gu)(gu)知非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)、人帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)。是以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《司盟》云(yun):“凡邦国有(you)疑会(hui)同(tong),则(ze)掌其盟约之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)载及其礼(li)(li)(li)仪,北(bei)(bei)(bei)面诏(zhao)盟神(shen)(shen)。”郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun):“有(you)疑,不协也(ye)(ye)。明(ming)神(shen)(shen),神(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)察者(zhe),谓(wei)(wei)日(ri)(ri)月(yue)山(shan)川也(ye)(ye)。觐礼(li)(li)(li)加方(fang)(fang)明(ming)於(wu)(wu)坛上,所以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)依之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。”是郑(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)解(jie)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen),明(ming)日(ri)(ri)月(yue)山(shan)川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)帝(di)(di)也(ye)(ye)。若然(ran),四(si)方(fang)(fang)礼(li)(li)(li)神(shen)(shen)还用(yong)圭(gui)璋琥璜(huang),非天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)还用(yong)礼(li)(li)(li)玉者(zhe),尊(zun)此明(ming)神(shen)(shen)而(er)(er)与天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)同(tong),故(gu)(gu)(gu)用(yong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)“刻其木(mu)而(er)(er)著之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe),虽无正文(wen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)意言之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其非置於(wu)(wu)坐(zuo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)礼(li)(li)(li)神(shen)(shen)於(wu)(wu)上下(xia),犹南北(bei)(bei)(bei)为(wei)顺,刻木(mu)於(wu)(wu)四(si)方(fang)(fang)亦(yi)(yi)顺,不刻木(mu)安於(wu)(wu)中则(ze)不可(ke),故(gu)(gu)(gu)知义然(ran)也(ye)(ye)。
上介皆奉其君之(zhi)(zhi)旂,置(zhi)于宫(gong),尚(shang)左(zuo)。公侯(hou)伯(bo)(bo)(bo)子(zi)男(nan)皆就(jiu)(jiu)其旂而立(li)。置(zhi)於宫(gong)者,建(jian)之(zhi)(zhi),豫为其君见王之(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)也。诸(zhu)公,中阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)前(qian),北(bei)(bei)面(mian)东(dong)上。诸(zhu)侯(hou),东(dong)阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)东(dong),西面(mian)北(bei)(bei)上。诸(zhu)伯(bo)(bo)(bo),西阶(jie)之(zhi)(zhi)西,东(dong)面(mian)北(bei)(bei)上。诸(zhu)子(zi),门(men)东(dong),北(bei)(bei)面(mian)东(dong)上。诸(zhu)男(nan),门(men)西,北(bei)(bei)面(mian)东(dong)上。尚(shang)左(zuo)者,建(jian)旂,公东(dong)上,侯(hou)先(xian)伯(bo)(bo)(bo),伯(bo)(bo)(bo)先(xian)子(zi),子(zi)先(xian)男(nan),而位(wei)皆上东(dong)方也。诸(zhu)侯(hou)入(ru)壝门(men),或(huo)(huo)左(zuo)或(huo)(huo)右,各就(jiu)(jiu)其旂而立(li)。王降阶(jie),南乡见之(zhi)(zhi)三揖(yi)。土揖(yi)庶(shu)姓(xing),时揖(yi)异姓(xing),天揖(yi)同姓(xing)。见揖(yi),位(wei)乃定。古文尚(shang)作上。
[疏]“上介”至“而立”。
○注“置於”至“作上”。
○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“上(shang)(shang)介皆奉其(qi)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旂(qi)(qi),置于宫,尚左(zuo)”者(zhe),此(ci)(ci)虽(sui)(sui)不(bu)言前期(qi),郑云(yun)(yun)“豫(yu)为(wei)其(qi)君(jun)见(jian)王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)位(wei)也(ye)”,则(ze)亦(yi)(yi)前期(qi)一(yi)日可也(ye)。公侯(hou)(hou)就旂(qi)(qi),据(ju)临朝(chao)(chao)(chao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时也(ye)。此(ci)(ci)旂(qi)(qi)郑虽(sui)(sui)不(bu)解,郑注《夏官(guan)》中(zhong)夏辨号名(ming),此(ci)(ci)表(biao)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)位(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)旂(qi)(qi),与铭(ming)旌及(ji)在军(jun)徽帜同,皆以尺(chi)易(yi)刃(ren),小(xiao)而(er)为(wei)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“中(zhong)阶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前”已下(xia)皆朝(chao)(chao)(chao)事仪,《明堂(tang)(tang)位(wei)》文。以朝(chao)(chao)(chao)事仪论会同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,《明堂(tang)(tang)位(wei)》周公朝(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)于明堂(tang)(tang),不(bu)在宗(zong)庙,皆与此(ci)(ci)同,故(gu)郑依(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。言“上(shang)(shang)”者(zhe),皆以近王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)为(wei)上(shang)(shang)。云(yun)(yun)“尚左(zuo)者(zhe),建旂(qi)(qi),公东(dong)上(shang)(shang),侯(hou)(hou)先伯(bo),伯(bo)先子,子先男,而(er)位(wei)皆上(shang)(shang)东(dong)方”者(zhe),以其(qi)侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)别阶相(xiang)(xiang),对子男虽(sui)(sui)隔(ge)门(men),亦(yi)(yi)相(xiang)(xiang)对,皆以东(dong)为(wei)上(shang)(shang),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)侯(hou)(hou)先伯(bo)、子先男也(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)入(ru)(ru)壝门(men),或左(zuo)或右(you),各就其(qi)旂(qi)(qi)而(er)立(li)(li)”者(zhe),案(an)下(xia)注云(yun)(yun)“诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)初(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)门(men),王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo)帅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”,则(ze)此(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)入(ru)(ru)壝门(men)或左(zuo)或右(you)者(zhe),是(shi)二(er)(er)伯(bo)初(chu)(chu)帅之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),各依(yi)左(zuo)右(you)。若《康王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)诰》云(yun)(yun):“大保帅西方诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)入(ru)(ru)应门(men)左(zuo),毕公帅东(dong)方诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)入(ru)(ru)应门(men)右(you)。”皆北面。此(ci)(ci)虽(sui)(sui)无应门(men),亦(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)伯(bo)帅诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)初(chu)(chu)入(ru)(ru)宫门(men),或左(zuo)或右(you),亦(yi)(yi)皆北面立(li)(li)定(ding),乃(nai)始(shi)各就其(qi)旂(qi)(qi)而(er)立(li)(li)。王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)乃(nai)降南面,见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)揖(yi)(yi)(yi)。必知王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)有降揖(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事者(zhe),《燕礼(li)》、《大射》公降揖(yi)(yi)(yi)群臣,使定(ding)位(wei),故(gu)知王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)亦(yi)(yi)然。又知王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)“土揖(yi)(yi)(yi)庶姓”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)者(zhe),此(ci)(ci)是(shi)《司仪职(zhi)》王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)在坛揖(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事,彼(bi)与此(ci)(ci)同。郑彼(bi)注云(yun)(yun):“土揖(yi)(yi)(yi),推(tui)手小(xiao)下(xia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)。时揖(yi)(yi)(yi),平推(tui)手也(ye)。天(tian)揖(yi)(yi)(yi),推(tui)手小(xiao)举之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。以推(tui)手曰揖(yi)(yi)(yi),引手曰撎。”故(gu)为(wei)此(ci)(ci)解也(ye)。若然,《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》天(tian)子不(bu)下(xia)堂(tang)(tang)而(er)见(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),今王(wang)(wang)(wang)(wang)降者(zhe),以在坛会同相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian),与觐(jin)(jin)异(yi)故(gu)也(ye)。以其(qi)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》庙门(men)设摈(bin),此(ci)(ci)则(ze)堂(tang)(tang)壝门(men)设摈(bin),是(shi)以虽(sui)(sui)继(ji)《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia),《觐(jin)(jin)礼(li)》无降揖(yi)(yi)(yi)法,此(ci)(ci)与诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)对面相(xiang)(xiang)见(jian),故(gu)有降揖(yi)(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事。
四传摈(bin)。王既揖(yi)五(wu)者,升(sheng)坛,设(she)摈(bin),升(sheng)诸(zhu)侯(hou)以会(hui)同之(zhi)(zhi)礼。其(qi)奠瑞(rui)玉及(ji)享币(bi),公拜(bai)於(wu)上(shang)等(deng),侯(hou)伯於(wu)中(zhong)等(deng),子男於(wu)下等(deng)。摈(bin)者每延之(zhi)(zhi),升(sheng)堂致命,王受(shou)玉抚玉,降拜(bai)於(wu)下等(deng)。及(ji)请事、劳,皆如觐(jin)(jin)礼,是(shi)以记之(zhi)(zhi)觐(jin)(jin)云(yun)。四传摈(bin)者,每一(yi)位毕,摈(bin)者以告,乃更陈列而升(sheng)。其(qi)次,公也(ye),侯(hou)也(ye),伯也(ye),各一(yi)位,子男侠门而俱东上(shang),亦(yi)一(yi)位也(ye)。至庭乃设(she)摈(bin),则诸(zhu)侯(hou)初入门,王官之(zhi)(zhi)伯帅之(zhi)(zhi)耳。古文(wen)传作傅。
[疏]“四传摈”。
○注“王既”至“作传”。
○释曰:知(zhi)(zhi)“奠(dian)瑞玉(yu)(yu)(yu)及(ji)享(xiang)币(bi),公拜(bai)於(wu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)等(deng),侯(hou)(hou)(hou)伯(bo)於(wu)中等(deng),子(zi)男於(wu)下(xia)(xia)等(deng),摈(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)每(mei)延(yan)之(zhi)。升(sheng)堂致命(ming),王(wang)受(shou)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)抚(fu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu),降拜(bai)於(wu)下(xia)(xia)等(deng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),三等(deng)拜(bai)礼(li)(li)皆《司仪(yi)(yi)职》文(wen)。摈(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)延(yan)之(zhi)升(sheng)堂以(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia),约上(shang)(shang)(shang)《觐礼(li)(li)》之(zhi)法,云(yun)(yun)(yun)王(wang)受(shou)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)朝时,抚(fu)玉(yu)(yu)(yu)谓(wei)享(xiang)时。是以(yi)(yi)《司仪(yi)(yi)》三等(deng)之(zhi)下(xia)(xia)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“其将币(bi)亦如之(zhi)”,郑云(yun)(yun)(yun):“将币(bi),享(xiang)也。”又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“及(ji)请事(shi)、劳,皆如觐礼(li)(li)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),请事(shi)谓(wei)上(shang)(shang)(shang)文(wen)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)氏奠(dian)圭,摈(bin)(bin)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)请侯(hou)(hou)(hou)氏,王(wang)欲亲(qin)受(shou)之(zhi);劳谓(wei)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)氏受(shou)刑后,王(wang)劳之(zhi),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)皆如觐礼(li)(li)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“公也,侯(hou)(hou)(hou)也,伯(bo)也,各一(yi)位(wei)(wei)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其面位(wei)(wei)同,故(gu)各自(zi)设(she)摈(bin)(bin)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“子(zi)男侠门而(er)(er)俱东上(shang)(shang)(shang),亦一(yi)位(wei)(wei)也”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)其虽隔门,相去近,又(you)同北(bei)面东上(shang)(shang)(shang),故(gu)共一(yi)位(wei)(wei)设(she)摈(bin)(bin),故(gu)有四传摈(bin)(bin)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“至庭乃(nai)设(she)摈(bin)(bin)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),对上(shang)(shang)(shang)觐礼(li)(li)门外设(she)摈(bin)(bin)。案此上(shang)(shang)(shang)经,诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)各就其旂而(er)(er)立,乃(nai)云(yun)(yun)(yun)“四传摈(bin)(bin)”,则在诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)之(zhi)北(bei),故(gu)知(zhi)(zhi)至庭乃(nai)设(she)摈(bin)(bin)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)“则诸侯(hou)(hou)(hou)初入门,王(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)伯(bo)帅之(zhi)耳”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),约《顾命(ming)》而(er)(er)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)。
天(tian)子乘龙(long),载大旂,象日(ri)月、升龙(long)、降龙(long),出,拜日(ri)於东(dong)门之(zhi)外,反(fan)祀方(fang)明(ming)。此谓会(hui)同以春者(zhe)也(ye)。马八尺(chi)以上(shang)为龙(long)。大旂,大常也(ye)。王(wang)建大常,縿首画日(ri)月,其下(xia)及(ji)旒交(jiao)画升龙(long)、降龙(long)。《朝事仪》曰(yue):天(tian)子冕而执镇圭,尺(chi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun),缫(sao)藉(jie)尺(chi)有(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)寸(cun),搢大圭,乘大路,建大常十有(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)旒,樊缨十有(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)就,贰车十有(you)(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)乘,帅诸侯(hou)而朝日(ri)於东(dong)郊,所(suo)以教尊(zun)尊(zun)也(ye)。退而朝诸侯(hou)。由(you)此二(er)(er)者(zhe)言(yan)之(zhi),已祀方(fang)明(ming),乃以会(hui)同之(zhi)礼见诸侯(hou)也(ye)。凡会(hui)同者(zhe),不协而盟(meng)(meng)。《司盟(meng)(meng)职》曰(yue):“凡邦国有(you)(you)(you)(you)疑会(hui)同,则(ze)掌其盟(meng)(meng)约(yue)之(zhi)载书(shu)及(ji)其礼仪,北面诏(zhao)明(ming)神(shen),既盟(meng)(meng)则(ze)藏之(zhi)。”言(yan)北面诏(zhao)明(ming)神(shen),则(ze)明(ming)神(shen)有(you)(you)(you)(you)象也(ye)。象者(zhe)其方(fang)明(ming)乎(hu)?及(ji)盟(meng)(meng)时(shi)又(you)加於坛上(shang),乃以载辞告焉。诅祝掌其祝号。
[疏]“天子”至“方明”。
○注“此谓”至“祝号”。
○释(shi)曰(yue):自此(ci)(ci)(ci)尽(jin)“西门(men)(men)(men)外(wai)”,论将见(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),先礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)山川之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“此(ci)(ci)(ci)谓会同(tong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)下(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)於(wu)(wu)(wu)南门(men)(men)(men)、北(bei)门(men)(men)(men)、西门(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)四渎,会同(tong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)夏、秋、冬,此(ci)(ci)(ci)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“拜日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)门(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai)”,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知会同(tong)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)春者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“马(ma)(ma)八尺(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)龙(long)(long)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),是(shi)(shi)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·廋人(ren)职(zhi)》文(wen)(wen)(wen),案(an)彼(bi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“马(ma)(ma)八尺(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)龙(long)(long),七(qi)尺(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)騋,六(liu)尺(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)马(ma)(ma)”,五尺(chi)(chi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)上(shang)为(wei)(wei)(wei)驹。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)(da)旂(qi)(qi)(qi),大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·司(si)(si)(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),交(jiao)龙(long)(long)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)。”则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)与(yu)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)别,此(ci)(ci)(ci)既(ji)象日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)大(da)(da)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),九(jiu)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)各有(you)(you)(you)定称(cheng),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)有(you)(you)(you)通(tong)名,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)桓二(er)(er)(er)年臧哀(ai)伯(bo)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“三(san)(san)辰(chen)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)旗(qi)(qi)”,服氏注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“九(jiu)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)总名。”故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)旂(qi)(qi)(qi),是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)建交(jiao)龙(long)(long)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旂(qi)(qi)(qi),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)谓之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)。《大(da)(da)行人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)五等(deng)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)曰(yue)“建常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)九(jiu)斿(you)”,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)通(tong)称(cheng)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“王建大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),縿(shan)首画(hua)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)及旒(liu)(liu)交(jiao)画(hua)升龙(long)(long)、降龙(long)(long)”,知义(yi)然(ran)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)先言(yan)(yan)(yan)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),后言(yan)(yan)(yan)龙(long)(long),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)知縿(shan)首画(hua)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),依《尔雅(ya)》说旌(jing)旗(qi)(qi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)正幅为(wei)(wei)(wei)縿(shan),“长(zhang)寻曰(yue)旐”,谓旌(jing)旗(qi)(qi)身也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)下(xia)(xia)属(shu)旒(liu)(liu),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)画(hua)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)交(jiao)龙(long)(long)。案(an)《左传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“三(san)(san)辰(chen)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)旗(qi)(qi)。”服注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“三(san)(san)辰(chen),谓日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)、月(yue)(yue)(yue)、星(xing)(xing)。”孔君(jun)《尚书传(chuan)(chuan)》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)画(hua)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)、月(yue)(yue)(yue)、星(xing)(xing)於(wu)(wu)(wu)衣服旌(jing)旗(qi)(qi)。郑(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)《司(si)(si)(si)(si)服》亦(yi)(yi)(yi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“王者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)相变(bian),至周(zhou)而(er)(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)、月(yue)(yue)(yue)、星(xing)(xing)辰(chen)画(hua)於(wu)(wu)(wu)旌(jing)旗(qi)(qi),所(suo)(suo)谓三(san)(san)辰(chen),旂(qi)(qi)(qi)旗(qi)(qi)昭其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。”若然(ran),大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)当有(you)(you)(you)星(xing)(xing),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《司(si)(si)(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》及此(ci)(ci)(ci)直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)、月(yue)(yue)(yue),不(bu)(bu)(bu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)星(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),既(ji)言(yan)(yan)(yan)三(san)(san)辰(chen),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)星(xing)(xing)俱有(you)(you)(you)。《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·司(si)(si)(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)星(xing)(xing)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《司(si)(si)(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》九(jiu)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)皆以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)二(er)(er)(er)字为(wei)(wei)(wei)名,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)略(lve)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)星(xing)(xing),是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)(wen)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)略(lve)不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)星(xing)(xing)。案(an)文(wen)(wen)(wen)大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)交(jiao)龙(long)(long),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)交(jiao)龙(long)(long)为(wei)(wei)(wei)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)无(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue),王之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)非直有(you)(you)(you)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)兼有(you)(you)(you)交(jiao)龙(long)(long)。《司(si)(si)(si)(si)常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)》不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)交(jiao)龙(long)(long),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)略(lve)。引(yin)《朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)仪(yi)》以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia),至“朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)”,此(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)同(tong)法,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)证此(ci)(ci)(ci)拜日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)门(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“天(tian)(tian)子(zi)冕而(er)(er)(er)(er)执镇圭”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《玉(yu)(yu)藻(zao)》天(tian)(tian)子(zi)玄冕拜日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)门(men)(men)(men)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)外(wai),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)知此(ci)(ci)(ci)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)玄冕也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。搢大(da)(da)圭者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·玉(yu)(yu)人(ren)职(zhi)》“大(da)(da)圭长(zhang)三(san)(san)尺(chi)(chi),杼上(shang)终葵(kui)首”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)大(da)(da)路”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·玉(yu)(yu)路》也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)周(zhou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)玉(yu)(yu)路,因殷(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)大(da)(da)路,饰(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉(yu)(yu),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)犹以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)大(da)(da)路为(wei)(wei)(wei)名。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“樊(fan)缨十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)就”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《巾(jin)车》郑(zheng)(zheng)注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“樊(fan),马(ma)(ma)大(da)(da)带。缨,马(ma)(ma)鞅。就,成也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)五采罽饰(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),一(yi)匝为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)成,樊(fan)与(yu)缨各饰(shi)(shi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)匝,十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)就也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“贰(er)车十(shi)有(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)(er)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)·大(da)(da)行人(ren)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):上(shang)公贰(er)车九(jiu)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)七(qi)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng),子(zi)男五乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。而(er)(er)(er)(er)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)节,故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)十(shi)二(er)(er)(er)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。贰(er)车者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),饰(shi)(shi)皆与(yu)正路同(tong),当亦(yi)(yi)(yi)饰(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)玉(yu)(yu),使人(ren)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。《少仪(yi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)贰(er)车则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)式,佐车则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)否”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“帅(shuai)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)郊”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)即拜日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),一(yi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)必有(you)(you)(you)拜。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)教尊(zun)尊(zun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),天(tian)(tian)子(zi)至尊(zun),犹往朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),是(shi)(shi)教天(tian)(tian)下(xia)(xia)尊(zun)敬其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)所(suo)(suo)尊(zun)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)教尊(zun)尊(zun)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“退(tui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)郊,退(tui)就坛(tan)(tan)(tan)使诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)已(yi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“由(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),已(yi)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)会同(tong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)见(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)仪(yi)与(yu)此(ci)(ci)(ci)觐(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)仪(yi)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)退(tui),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)始朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),此(ci)(ci)(ci)觐(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)加方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan)上(shang),公侯(hou)(hou)伯(bo)子(zi)男就其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)旂(qi)(qi)(qi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)立,王乃(nai)(nai)(nai)四传(chuan)(chuan)摈(bin)见(jian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)(shi)已(yi)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)始见(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)同(tong),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)由(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)(er)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)言(yan)(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若然(ran),朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)仪(yi)直有(you)(you)(you)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)毕退(tui)见(jian)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),此(ci)(ci)(ci)觐(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)毕乃(nai)(nai)(nai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)邦国有(you)(you)(you)疑,则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)有(you)(you)(you)盟(meng)(meng)事(shi)(shi)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)既(ji)毕,乃(nai)(nai)(nai)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan),祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)毕,退(tui)去方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)下(xia)(xia),天(tian)(tian)子(zi)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)升坛(tan)(tan)(tan)与(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)相见(jian)。朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)既(ji)毕,乃(nai)(nai)(nai)更加方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan),与(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)行盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)。若邦国无(wu)疑,王帅(shuai)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi),无(wu)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)《朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)事(shi)(shi)仪(yi)》直云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)教尊(zun)尊(zun)而(er)(er)(er)(er)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou),不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi)。郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)已(yi)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据此(ci)(ci)(ci)《觐(jin)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)》上(shang)下(xia)(xia)有(you)(you)(you)盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)言(yan)(yan)(yan)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)乘(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)龙(long)(long)及下(xia)(xia)文(wen)(wen)(wen)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等(deng),若有(you)(you)(you)盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi),文(wen)(wen)(wen)当在“宫方(fang)(fang)三(san)(san)百步”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)上(shang)。今退(tui)文(wen)(wen)(wen)在下(xia)(xia)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲见(jian)盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi)非常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang),寻常(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)(chang)无(wu)盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)(shi),直朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)(er)(er)(er)已(yi)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“凡(fan)会同(tong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),不(bu)(bu)(bu)协而(er)(er)(er)(er)盟(meng)(meng)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《左氏传(chuan)(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“有(you)(you)(you)事(shi)(shi)而(er)(er)(er)(er)会,不(bu)(bu)(bu)协而(er)(er)(er)(er)盟(meng)(meng)。”引(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),解此(ci)(ci)(ci)经反(fan)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)意。反(fan)祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),为(wei)(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)协而(er)(er)(er)(er)盟(meng)(meng)故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)引(yin)《司(si)(si)(si)(si)盟(meng)(meng)》证之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“既(ji)盟(meng)(meng)则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)藏(zang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),盟(meng)(meng)誓(shi)既(ji)讫,写(xie)(xie)此(ci)(ci)(ci)盟(meng)(meng)辞颁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)六(liu)官(guan),司(si)(si)(si)(si)盟(meng)(meng)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)覆(fu)写(xie)(xie)一(yi)通(tong)自藏(zang),拟后覆(fu)验(yan)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“言(yan)(yan)(yan)北(bei)面(mian)诏(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen)有(you)(you)(you)象也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。象者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)乎(hu)”,郑(zheng)(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)此(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),《司(si)(si)(si)(si)盟(meng)(meng)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诏(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen)”,不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),此(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)(wen)直言(yan)(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming),不(bu)(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen),郑(zheng)(zheng)欲合为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)事(shi)(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)言(yan)(yan)(yan)北(bei)面(mian)诏(zhao)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen),则(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)神(shen)(shen)有(you)(you)(you)形象可告(gao),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)有(you)(you)(you)四方(fang)(fang)四色(se),是(shi)(shi)其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)象,无(wu)正文(wen)(wen)(wen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)义(yi)约(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)事(shi)(shi),故(gu)(gu)(gu)(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)“乎(hu)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“及盟(meng)(meng)时(shi)又(you)加於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan)上(shang),乃(nai)(nai)(nai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)辞告(gao)焉”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),对前祀(si)(si)方(fang)(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)加於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan)上(shang),祀(si)(si)讫,退(tui)而(er)(er)(er)(er)乃(nai)(nai)(nai)朝(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)(chao)诸(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)讫,又(you)加於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan)(tan)(tan)上(shang),以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)载(zai)辞告(gao)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“诅(zu)祝掌其(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)祝号”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)《春官(guan)·诅(zu)祝职(zhi)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“掌盟(meng)(meng)、诅(zu)、类、造、攻、说、襘(hui)、禜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)祝号。”注(zhu)(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“八者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)辞,皆所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)告(gao)神(shen)(shen)明(ming)(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。盟(meng)(meng)诅(zu)主(zhu)要(yao)誓(shi),大(da)(da)事(shi)(shi)曰(yue)盟(meng)(meng),小(xiao)事(shi)(shi)曰(yue)诅(zu)。”又(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“作盟(meng)(meng)诅(zu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)载(zai)辞,以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)叙邦国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)信”是(shi)(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。
礼日於(wu)(wu)南门外,礼月与四渎於(wu)(wu)北门外,礼山川丘陵於(wu)(wu)西门外。此谓(wei)会(hui)同(tong)以(yi)(yi)夏、冬、秋(qiu)者(zhe)也(ye)。变拜言礼者(zhe),容祀也(ye)。礼月於(wu)(wu)北郊者(zhe),月,大阴之精(jing),以(yi)(yi)为地神(shen)也(ye)。盟神(shen)必云日月山川焉者(zhe),尚(shang)著明(ming)也(ye)。《诗》曰:“谓(wei)予不信,有如(ru)皦日。”《春秋(qiu)传》曰:“纵(zong)子忘之,山川神(shen)祇(zhi)其忘诸乎(hu)?”此皆(jie)用(yong)明(ming)神(shen)为信也(ye)。
[疏]“礼日”至“门外”。
○注“此谓”至“信也”。
○释曰(yue):知“此谓会(hui)同(tong)夏(xia)、秋(qiu)、冬(dong)”者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)经(jing)礼(li)(li)日(ri)之等,各於(wu)(wu)(wu)其门外(wai)(wai)。上经(jing)礼(li)(li)日(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)门之外(wai)(wai),已(yi)是(shi)(shi)春会(hui)同(tong),明(ming)(ming)(ming)知此是(shi)(shi)夏(xia)、秋(qiu)、冬(dong)也(ye)(ye)。既所礼(li)(li)各於(wu)(wu)(wu)门外(wai)(wai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan),亦(yi)(yi)各合(he)於(wu)(wu)(wu)其方(fang),是(shi)(shi)以(yi)《司仪(yi)》云(yun)(yun):“将合(he)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou),则(ze)令为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)三成(cheng)(cheng),宫(gong)旁一门。”郑(zheng)注云(yun)(yun):“天子春率诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)拜日(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)方(fang),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)东(dong)。夏(xia)礼(li)(li)日(ri)於(wu)(wu)(wu)南(nan)郊(jiao)(jiao),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)南(nan)。秋(qiu)礼(li)(li)山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)丘陵於(wu)(wu)(wu)西(xi)郊(jiao)(jiao),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)西(xi)。冬(dong)礼(li)(li)月(yue)(yue)(yue)四(si)渎(du)(du)於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao),则(ze)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)坛(tan)於(wu)(wu)(wu)国(guo)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)。”云(yun)(yun)“变拜言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)者(zhe)(zhe),容祀(si)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)拜无祀(si),祀(si)则(ze)兼(jian)拜。上经(jing)云(yun)(yun)拜日(ri)无盟(meng)(meng)誓,不加方(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan),直拜日(ri)教尊尊而(er)已(yi)。此经(jing)三时皆言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li),见有盟(meng)(meng)誓之事(shi)。加方(fang)明(ming)(ming)(ming)於(wu)(wu)(wu)坛(tan),则(ze)有祀(si)日(ri)与四(si)渎(du)(du)及山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)之事(shi),故(gu)言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)。是(shi)(shi)以(yi)或言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)拜,或言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)。云(yun)(yun)“礼(li)(li)月(yue)(yue)(yue)於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao)者(zhe)(zhe),月(yue)(yue)(yue),大阴(yin)之精,以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)地(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)据经(jing),三时先北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)后西(xi),不以(yi)次(ci)第(di),以(yi)其祭地(di)(di)於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao),祭月(yue)(yue)(yue)、四(si)渎(du)(du)亦(yi)(yi)於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao),与地(di)(di)同(tong)。但日(ri)者(zhe)(zhe),大阳(yang)(yang)之精,故(gu)於(wu)(wu)(wu)东(dong)郊(jiao)(jiao)、南(nan)郊(jiao)(jiao),於(wu)(wu)(wu)阳(yang)(yang)方(fang)而(er)礼(li)(li)之。以(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)是(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen),四(si)渎(du)(du)与山(shan)(shan)(shan)陵俱是(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen),以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)陵出(chu)见为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)微阴(yin),故(gu)配(pei)西(xi)方(fang)四(si)渎(du)(du)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)极阴(yin),故(gu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)同(tong)配(pei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)方(fang)。又(you)以(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)尊,故(gu)先言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)之而(er)又(you)祭於(wu)(wu)(wu)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)郊(jiao)(jiao)也(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)“盟(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)必云(yun)(yun)日(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)焉(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe),为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)其著明(ming)(ming)(ming)也(ye)(ye)者(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)是(shi)(shi)著见,日(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)是(shi)(shi)其明(ming)(ming)(ming),故(gu)同(tong)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)。引《诗》者(zhe)(zhe)曰(yue),明(ming)(ming)(ming)诗人以(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming)(ming)证。引《春秋(qiu)》者(zhe)(zhe),定(ding)元年二月(yue)(yue)(yue),孟懿子会(hui)城成(cheng)(cheng)周,宋(song)仲(zhong)几不受功(gong),即云(yun)(yun)士弥牟曰(yue):晋(jin)之从政者(zhe)(zhe)新,子姑受功(gong),归(gui)吾视诸(zhu)(zhu)故(gu)府。仲(zhong)几曰(yue):纵子忘之,山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)鬼神(shen)(shen)(shen)其忘诸(zhu)(zhu)乎?引之者(zhe)(zhe),山(shan)(shan)(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)神(shen)(shen)(shen)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)义也(ye)(ye)。不言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe),诸(zhu)(zhu)文无以(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)之事(shi),故(gu)不引。据此《觐(jin)礼(li)(li)》,言(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)月(yue)(yue)(yue)以(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)明(ming)(ming)(ming)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)可知。
祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian),燔柴(chai)(chai)(chai)。祭(ji)(ji)山、丘(qiu)陵,升(sheng)。祭(ji)(ji)川,沈(shen)(shen)。祭(ji)(ji)地(di),瘗。升(sheng)、沈(shen)(shen)必就(jiu)祭(ji)(ji)者也。就(jiu)祭(ji)(ji),则是(shi)(shi)(shi)谓(wei)王(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)及诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之盟(meng)祭(ji)(ji)也。其盟(meng),愒(kai)其著明者。燔柴(chai)(chai)(chai)、升(sheng)、沈(shen)(shen)、瘗,祭(ji)(ji)礼终矣,备矣。《郊特(te)牲》曰:“郊之祭(ji)(ji)也,迎长日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)之至也,大报天(tian)(tian)而(er)主(zhu)(zhu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也。”《宗伯(bo)职》曰:“以实柴(chai)(chai)(chai)祀日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)星(xing)辰。”则燔柴(chai)(chai)(chai)祭(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian),谓(wei)祭(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也。柴(chai)(chai)(chai)为祭(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),则祭(ji)(ji)地(di)瘗者,祭(ji)(ji)月(yue)也。日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)而(er)云天(tian)(tian)地(di),灵之也。《王(wang)制(zhi)》曰:王(wang)“巡(xun)(xun)守(shou),至于岱宗,柴(chai)(chai)(chai)”,是(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)之盟(meng),其神主(zhu)(zhu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也。《春(chun)秋传》曰:“晋(jin)公为践土(tu)之盟(meng)。”而(er)《传》云山川之神,是(shi)(shi)(shi)诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)之盟(meng),其神主(zhu)(zhu)山川也。月(yue)者,大阴之精,上为天(tian)(tian)使,臣(chen)道(dao)莫贵焉。是(shi)(shi)(shi)王(wang)官之伯(bo),会诸(zhu)侯(hou)(hou)而(er)盟(meng),其神主(zhu)(zhu)月(yue)与?古文瘗作殪。
[疏]“祭天”至“地瘗”。
○注“升沈”至“作殪”。
○释(shi)曰(yue):上论天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)在国行会同之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li),於(wu)(wu)国之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)四(si)(si)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)拜(bai)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)於(wu)(wu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),已备於(wu)(wu)上。今(jin)更言(yan)(yan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),据天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou)於(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)岳,各随方(fang)向祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),故(gu)重见(jian)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“升(sheng)(sheng)、沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)必(bi)就祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),对(dui)上经(jing)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵,但於(wu)(wu)四(si)(si)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)望祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)言(yan)(yan)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),必(bi)是(shi)就山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵,故(gu)言(yan)(yan)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。案(an)(an)《尔(er)雅》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山(shan)曰(yue)庪悬(xuan)(xuan),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)曰(yue)浮沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。”不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)升(sheng)(sheng),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)山(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)升(sheng)(sheng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),升(sheng)(sheng)即庪悬(xuan)(xuan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)直言(yan)(yan)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)浮者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)牲(sheng)体(ti)或(huo)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)或(huo)浮,不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)浮,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)文(wen)(wen)略也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“就祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),则(ze)(ze)是(shi)谓王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou)及诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi),春东郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),夏(xia)南郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),皆(jie)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),即此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);秋西郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),即此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山(shan)丘(qiu)(qiu)陵升(sheng)(sheng)”是(shi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye);冬北郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),即此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)瘗(yi)”也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)即四(si)(si)渎也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye),郑(zheng)兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)自(zi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),故(gu)兼(jian)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)兼(jian)有(you)(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo),以(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),无(wu)正(zheng)文(wen)(wen),故(gu)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“其(qi)(qi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),愒於(wu)(wu)著明(ming)(ming)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)”,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)如上释(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)明(ming)(ming),山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)著也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)、升(sheng)(sheng)、沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)、瘗(yi),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)矣”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》禋(yin)祀实柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)燎(liao)是(shi)歆(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)始(shi),礼(li)(li)(li)(li)未终(zhong),而(er)言(yan)(yan)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)有(you)(you)(you)三(san)始(shi),乐为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)始(shi),禋(yin)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)歆(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)始(shi),牲(sheng)体(ti)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)荐(jian)馔始(shi),燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)是(shi)乐为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),是(shi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong),故(gu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)。案(an)(an)《尔(er)雅》:“祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)曰(yue)燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)曰(yue)瘗(yi)埋。”柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)与(yu)(yu)(yu)瘗(yi)相对(dui),则(ze)(ze)瘗(yi)埋亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)歆(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。若然,则(ze)(ze)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)在柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)瘗(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)閒,则(ze)(ze)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)歆(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)节,皆(jie)据乐为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)下(xia)(xia)(xia)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),而(er)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)终(zhong)矣或(huo)可(ke)。《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)》此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)歆(xin)(xin)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),至(zhi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou),更有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)瘗(yi)升(sheng)(sheng)沈(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi),若今(jin)时(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)祀讫(qi)(qi),始(shi)有(you)(you)(you)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)瘗(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。引(yin)(yin)《郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)特牲(sheng)》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)《易纬》三(san)王(wang)(wang)(wang)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),一用(yong)夏(xia)正(zheng),春分以(yi)(yi)(yi)后(hou),始(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)长(zhang),於(wu)(wu)建(jian)寅(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)天(tian)(tian)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“迎长(zhang)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)至(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),预(yu)迎之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。又(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“大(da)报(bao)天(tian)(tian)而(er)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)注(zhu)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“大(da)犹(you)遍。”谓郊(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)时(shi),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)尊可(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)及卑,日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)以(yi)(yi)(yi)下(xia)(xia)(xia)皆(jie)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji),以(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。又(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)《大(da)宗(zong)伯(bo)职(zhi)》曰(yue)“以(yi)(yi)(yi)实柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)祀日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)星辰(chen)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所引(yin)(yin)不(bu)(bu)取月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)与(yu)(yu)(yu)星辰(chen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)义,直取日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)而(er)已与(yu)(yu)(yu)?此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)燔(fan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)文(wen)(wen)同。郑(zheng)引(yin)(yin)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)诸(zhu)(zhu)文(wen)(wen)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),欲证(zheng)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)经(jing)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)是(shi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),非(fei)正(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)亦(yi)(yi)(yi)是(shi)天(tian)(tian)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),故(gu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)言(yan)(yan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)郑(zheng)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“则(ze)(ze)燔(fan)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)天(tian)(tian)谓祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”。又(you)(you)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),则(ze)(ze)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)瘗(yi)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)前文(wen)(wen)天(tian)(tian)子(zi)(zi)在国祀日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),燔(fan)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)既是(shi)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)地(di)是(shi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)可(ke)知(zhi),亦(yi)(yi)(yi)非(fei)正(zheng)地(di)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)天(tian)(tian)地(di),灵(ling)(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)尊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)欲为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),故(gu)变日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)而(er)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)天(tian)(tian)地(di),是(shi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)灵(ling)(ling)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“《王(wang)(wang)(wang)制》曰(yue):王(wang)(wang)(wang)‘巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou),至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)岱(dai)(dai)宗(zong),柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)’,是(shi)王(wang)(wang)(wang)巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)也(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),案(an)(an)彼注(zhu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)告至(zhi),案(an)(an)祀典“岁二(er)(er)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)东巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou),至(zhi)於(wu)(wu)岱(dai)(dai)宗(zong),柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)”,注(zhu)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)考(kao)绩(ji)燔(fan)燎(liao)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)又(you)(you)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai),不(bu)(bu)同者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),但巡(xun)(xun)守(shou)(shou)至(zhi)岱(dai)(dai)宗(zong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下(xia)(xia)(xia),有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)三(san)种之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai),告至(zhi)讫(qi)(qi),别(bie)有(you)(you)(you)考(kao)绩(ji),皆(jie)正(zheng)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen),别(bie)有(you)(you)(you)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri),以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)方(fang)明(ming)(ming)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。《尚书》与(yu)(yu)(yu)《王(wang)(wang)(wang)制》并此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)文(wen)(wen)唯(wei)有(you)(you)(you)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)文(wen)(wen),故(gu)注(zhu)不(bu)(bu)同,互见(jian)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)义,明(ming)(ming)皆(jie)有(you)(you)(you),是(shi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)引(yin)(yin)《王(wang)(wang)(wang)制》之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)柴(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)(chai)以(yi)(yi)(yi)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)祭(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)。引(yin)(yin)《春秋》者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),僖公二(er)(er)十八年,晋文(wen)(wen)公败楚於(wu)(wu)城濮,为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)践土之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。《传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)。”引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),证(zheng)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)用(yong)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)不(bu)(bu)言(yan)(yan)宋仲(zhong)几者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),所引(yin)(yin)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)言(yan)(yan),皆(jie)是(shi)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事(shi)。云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),大(da)阴之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精,上为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian)使,臣道莫贵(gui)焉(yan)”者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),郑(zheng)注(zhu)《周(zhou)礼(li)(li)(li)(li)·九(jiu)嫔职(zhi)》引(yin)(yin)孔子(zi)(zi)云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):“日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)天(tian)(tian)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)明(ming)(ming),月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理。阴契制,故(gu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)上属为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)天(tian)(tian),使妇从(cong)夫(fu)。放(fang)《月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)纪》”,此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)处俱是(shi)纬文(wen)(wen)。郑(zheng)言(yan)(yan)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),证(zheng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo),臣中最尊,奉(feng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)使出与(yu)(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),其(qi)(qi)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),以(yi)(yi)(yi)其(qi)(qi)无(wu)正(zheng)文(wen)(wen),故(gu)言(yan)(yan)“与(yu)(yu)(yu)”以(yi)(yi)(yi)疑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。乡来所解,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)以(yi)(yi)(yi)山(shan)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),王(wang)(wang)(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo)以(yi)(yi)(yi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。案(an)(an)襄十一年《左传(chuan)》云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun):秋七(qi)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)同盟(meng)(meng)(meng)於(wu)(wu)亳(bo),云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)“司(si)慎、司(si)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),名山(shan)、名川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)”,彼非(fei)直有(you)(you)(you)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan),兼(jian)有(you)(you)(you)二(er)(er)司(si),则(ze)(ze)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)所云(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)日(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)(ri)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)山(shan)川(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)者(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)(zhe),兼(jian)有(you)(you)(you)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)二(er)(er)司(si)可(ke)知(zhi)。又(you)(you)王(wang)(wang)(wang)官(guan)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)伯(bo)非(fei)直奉(feng)王(wang)(wang)(wang)使出会诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)而(er)盟(meng)(meng)(meng),若受(shou)弓(gong)矢(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)赐,得专(zhuan)征伐,亦(yi)(yi)(yi)与(yu)(yu)(yu)诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)为(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)盟(meng)(meng)(meng)。
记(ji)。几俟(si)于(yu)东(dong)箱(xiang)。王即席,乃设之也。东(dong)箱(xiang),东(dong)来之前,相翔待事之处。
[疏]“记几俟于东箱”。
○注“王即”至“之处”。
○释曰:云(yun)“王(wang)即(ji)席(xi),乃(nai)设之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)也”者(zhe)(zhe),案《公(gong)(gong)(gong)食大夫(fu)》记:“宰夫(fu)筵(yan)(yan)出自东(dong)(dong)房。”则(ze)此(ci)天(tian)子礼,几筵(yan)(yan)亦在东(dong)(dong)房,其(qi)席(xi)先敷其(qi)几,且俟于东(dong)(dong)箱(xiang),待王(wang)即(ji)席(xi),乃(nai)设之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),谓若《聘(pin)礼》宾即(ji)席(xi)乃(nai)授几。若然,《公(gong)(gong)(gong)食大夫(fu)》:“宰夫(fu)设筵(yan)(yan),加席(xi)几。”同时(shi)预设者(zhe)(zhe),公(gong)(gong)(gong)亲设湆,可(ke)以(yi)略几,故(gu)以(yi)几与席(xi)同时(shi)设之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。若为神几筵(yan)(yan),亦同时(shi)而(er)设,故(gu)《聘(pin)礼》:“几筵(yan)(yan)设,摈者(zhe)(zhe)出请(qing)命。”云(yun)“东(dong)(dong)箱(xiang),东(dong)(dong)夹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)前(qian)”者(zhe)(zhe),案上文(wen)觐(jin)在文(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)中,案郑《周(zhou)礼》注,宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)路寝制(zhi)如明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang),明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)有(you)五(wu)室(shi)(shi)、四堂(tang),无(wu)箱(xiang)夹,则(ze)宗(zong)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)亦无(wu)箱(xiang)夹之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi)。此(ci)有(you)东(dong)(dong)夹者(zhe)(zhe),此(ci)周(zhou)公(gong)(gong)(gong)制(zhi)礼,据东(dong)(dong)都乃(nai)有(you)明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)。此(ci)文(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)仍依诸侯之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)制(zhi),是以(yi)有(you)东(dong)(dong)夹室(shi)(shi)。若然,《乐记》注云(yun)“文(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)为明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)制(zhi)”者(zhe)(zhe),彼本无(wu)“制(zhi)”字,直云(yun)文(wen)王(wang)庙(miao)(miao)(miao)为明(ming)(ming)(ming)堂(tang)。云(yun)“相(xiang)翔待事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处”者(zhe)(zhe),翔谓翱翔无(wu)事(shi)(shi),故(gu)《公(gong)(gong)(gong)食》宾将食辞於公(gong)(gong)(gong)亲临己食,公(gong)(gong)(gong)揖退於箱(xiang)以(yi)俟宾食,是相(xiang)翔待事(shi)(shi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)处也。
偏驾(jia)不(bu)入王(wang)门。在旁与(yu)己同曰偏。同姓金(jin)路(lu),异(yi)姓象路(lu),四卫革路(lu),蕃国木路(lu)。驾(jia)之与(yu)王(wang)同,谓之偏。驾(jia)不(bu)入王(wang)门,乘墨(mo)车(che)以朝(chao)是也。偏驾(jia)之车(che),舍之於馆与(yu)?
[疏]“偏驾不入王门”。
○注“在旁”至“馆与”。
○释曰:云(yun)(yun)“在(zai)旁(pang)与己同(tong)(tong)曰偏(pian)”者,依《周礼·巾车》掌王五(wu)路(lu)(lu)(lu):玉路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)祀,不(bu)(bu)赐诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou);金路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)宾,同(tong)(tong)姓以(yi)(yi)封(feng);象路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)朝(chao),异(yi)姓以(yi)(yi)封(feng);革路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)即戎,以(yi)(yi)封(feng)四卫;木路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)田,以(yi)(yi)封(feng)蕃国。此(ci)五(wu)路(lu)(lu)(lu)者,天子(zi)所乘(cheng)(cheng)为正(zheng),四路(lu)(lu)(lu)者,诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)乘(cheng)(cheng)之为偏(pian)。是(shi)据诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)在(zai)旁(pang),与王同(tong)(tong)为偏(pian)。云(yun)(yun)“不(bu)(bu)入王门(men)(men),乘(cheng)(cheng)墨路(lu)(lu)(lu)以(yi)(yi)朝(chao)是(shi)也”者,据上文而言(yan)。云(yun)(yun)“偏(pian)驾(jia)之车,舍之於(wu)馆(guan)与”者,偏(pian)驾(jia)既云(yun)(yun)不(bu)(bu)入王门(men)(men),又(you)云(yun)(yun)乘(cheng)(cheng)墨车而至(zhi)门(men)(men)外(wai),诸(zhu)(zhu)侯(hou)各停於(wu)馆(guan),明舍在(zai)馆(guan)。无正(zheng)文,故言(yan)“与”以(yi)(yi)疑(yi)之。
奠(dian)圭于缫上。谓释(shi)於(wu)地也。古文缫作(zuo)璪。
[疏]“奠圭于缫上”。
○释(shi)曰:此(ci)解侯(hou)氏入门右,奠圭,释(shi)於地(di)时,当(dang)以缫藉承之,元(yuan)损一(yi)字乃释(shi)於地(di)。此(ci)缫谓韦衣木版,朱白苍与朱绿画之者,非谓绚组尺为系者,彼所以系玉(yu)固者也(ye)。